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Chen Y, Han C, Chen H, Yan J, Zhan X. The mechanisms involved in byssogenesis in Pteria penguin under different temperatures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:166894. [PMID: 37704154 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Byssus is important for marine bivalves to adhere robustly to diverse substrates and resist environmental impacts. The winged pearl oyster, Pteria penguin, can reattach or not reattach to the same environment, which leaves the development and survival of the oyster population at risk. In this study, diverse methods were employed to evaluate the byssus quality and explore the mechanism of byssus secretion at different temperatures. The results demonstrated that oysters maintained their byssus properties at different temperatures through polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) variation. They were both higher at 27 °C than at 21 °C. Furthermore, PPO activities of WB27 (31.78 U/g ± 1.50 U/g) were significantly higher than NB27, WB21, and NB21. Sectional observation revealed three types of vesicles, from which a novel vesicle might participate in byssogenesis as a putative metal storage particle. Moreover, cytoskeletal proteins may cooperate with cilia to transport byssal proteins, which then facilitate byssus formation under the regulation of upstream signals. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that protein quality control, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and cytoskeletal reorganization-related genes contributed to adaptation to temperature changes and byssus fabrication, and protection-related genes play a critical role in byssogenesis, byssus toughness, and durability. These results were utilized to create a byssogenesis mechanism model, to reveal the foot gland and vesicle types of P. penguin and provide new insights into adaptation to temperature changes and byssus fabrication in sessile bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Changqing Han
- School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hengda Chen
- School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jie Yan
- School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xin Zhan
- School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Sivasundarampillai J, Youssef L, Priemel T, Mikulin S, Eren ED, Zaslansky P, Jehle F, Harrington MJ. A strong quick-release biointerface in mussels mediated by serotonergic cilia-based adhesion. Science 2023; 382:829-834. [PMID: 37972188 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi7401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The mussel byssus stem provides a strong and compact mechanically mismatched biointerface between living tissue and a nonliving biopolymer. Yet, in a poorly understood process, mussels can simply jettison their entire byssus, rebuilding a new one in just hours. We characterized the structure and composition of the byssus biointerface using histology, confocal Raman mapping, phase contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography, and advanced electron microscopy, revealing a sophisticated junction consisting of abiotic biopolymer sheets interdigitated between living extracellular matrix. The sheet surfaces are in intimate adhesive contact with billions of motile epithelial cilia that control biointerface strength and stem release through their collective movement, which is regulated neurochemically. We posit that this may involve a complex sensory pathway by which sessile mussels respond to environmental stresses to release and relocate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenaes Sivasundarampillai
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Lucia Youssef
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Tobias Priemel
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Sydney Mikulin
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - E Deniz Eren
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Paul Zaslansky
- Department for Operative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 14197, Germany
| | - Franziska Jehle
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Matthew J Harrington
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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Temporal changes in the physical and mechanical properties of beetle elytra during maturation. Acta Biomater 2022; 151:457-467. [PMID: 35933099 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Changes in physical properties of Tenebrio molitor and Tribolium castaneum elytra (hardened forewings) were studied to understand how the development of microstructure and chemical interactions determine cuticle mechanical properties. Analysis of these properties supports a model in which cuticular material is continuously secreted from epidermal cells to produce an extracellular matrix so that the outermost layers mature first. It is hypothesized that enzymatic crosslinking and pigmentation reactions along with dehydration help to stabilize the protein-chitin network within the initial layers of cuticle shortly after eclosion. Mature layers are proposed to bear most of the mechanical loads. The frequency dependence of the storage modulus and the tan δ values decreased during the beginning of maturation, reaching constant values after 48 h post-eclosion. A decrease of tan δ indicates an increase in crosslinking of the material. The water content declined from 75% to 31%, with a significant portion lost from within the open spaces between the dorsal and ventral cuticular layers. Dehydration had a less significant influence than protein crosslinking on the mechanical properties of the elytron during maturation. When Tribolium cuticular protein TcCP30 expression was decreased by RNAi, the tan δ and frequency dependence of E' of the elytron did not change during maturation. This indicates that TcCP30 plays a role in the crosslinking process of the beetle's exoskeleton. This study was inspired by previous work on biomimetic multicomponent materials and helps inform future work on creating robust lightweight materials derived from natural sources. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Examination of changes in the physical properties of the elytra (hardened forewings) of two beetle species advanced understanding of how the molecular interactions influence the mechanical properties of the elytra. Physical characterization, including dynamic mechanical analysis, determined that the outer portion of the elytra matured first, while epidermal cells continued to secrete reactive components until the entire structure reached maturation. RNA interference was used to identify the role of a key protein in the elytra. Suppression of its expression reduced the formation of crosslinked polymeric components in the elytra. Identifying the molecular interactions in the matrix of proteins and polysaccharides in the elytra together with their hierarchical architecture provides important design concepts in the development of biomimetic materials.
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Dong X, Zhao H, Li J, Tian Y, Zeng H, Ramos MA, Hu TS, Xu Q. Progress in Bioinspired Dry and Wet Gradient Materials from Design Principles to Engineering Applications. iScience 2020; 23:101749. [PMID: 33241197 PMCID: PMC7672307 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nature does nothing in vain. Through millions of years of revolution, living organisms have evolved hierarchical and anisotropic structures to maximize their survival in complex and dynamic environments. Many of these structures are intrinsically heterogeneous and often with functional gradient distributions. Understanding the convergent and divergent gradient designs in the natural material systems may lead to a new paradigm shift in the development of next-generation high-performance bio-/nano-materials and devices that are critically needed in energy, environmental remediation, and biomedical fields. Herein, we review the basic design principles and highlight some of the prominent examples of gradient biological materials/structures discovered over the past few decades. Interestingly, despite the anisotropic features in one direction (i.e., in terms of gradient compositions and properties), these natural structures retain certain levels of symmetry, including point symmetry, axial symmetry, mirror symmetry, and 3D symmetry. We further demonstrate the state-of-the-art fabrication techniques and procedures in making the biomimetic counterparts. Some prototypes showcase optimized properties surpassing those seen in the biological model systems. Finally, we summarize the latest applications of these synthetic functional gradient materials and structures in robotics, biomedical, energy, and environmental fields, along with their future perspectives. This review may stimulate scientists, engineers, and inventors to explore this emerging and disruptive research methodology and endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Jiapeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Melvin A Ramos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Travis Shihao Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Quan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
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Lemer S, Bieler R, Giribet G. Resolving the relationships of clams and cockles: dense transcriptome sampling drastically improves the bivalve tree of life. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 286:20182684. [PMID: 30963927 PMCID: PMC6408618 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bivalvia has been the subject of extensive recent phylogenetic work to attempt resolving either the backbone of the bivalve tree using transcriptomic data, or the tips using morpho-anatomical data and up to five genetic markers. Yet the first approach lacked decisive taxon sampling and the second failed to resolve many interfamilial relationships, especially within the diverse clade Imparidentia. Here we combine dense taxon sampling with 108 deep-sequenced Illumina-based transcriptomes to provide resolution in nodes that required additional study. We designed specific data matrices to address the poorly resolved relationships within Imparidentia. Our results support the overall backbone of the bivalve tree, the monophyly of Bivalvia and all its main nodes, although the monophyly of Protobranchia remains less clear. Likewise, the inter-relationships of the six main bivalve clades were fully supported. Within Imparidentia, resolution increases when analysing Imparidentia-specific matrices. Lucinidae, Thyasiridae and Gastrochaenida represent three early branches. Gastrochaenida is sister group to all remaining imparidentians, which divide into six orders. Neoheterodontei is always fully supported, and consists of Sphaeriida, Myida and Venerida, with the latter now also containing Mactroidea, Ungulinoidea and Chamidae, a family particularly difficult to place in earlier work. Overall, our study, by using densely sampled transcriptomes, provides the best-resolved bivalve phylogeny to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lemer
- 1 University of Guam Marine Laboratory , 303 University Drive, UOG Station, Mangilao, GU 96923 , USA.,2 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University , 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 , USA
| | - Rüdiger Bieler
- 3 Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History , 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605 , USA
| | - Gonzalo Giribet
- 2 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University , 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 , USA
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Blamires SJ, Sellers WI. Modelling temperature and humidity effects on web performance: implications for predicting orb-web spider ( Argiope spp.) foraging under Australian climate change scenarios. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 7:coz083. [PMID: 31832193 PMCID: PMC6899225 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic features extending beyond the body, or EPs, may vary plastically across environments. EP constructs, such as spider webs, vary in property across environments as a result of changes to the physiology of the animal or interactions between the environment and the integrity of the material from which the EP is manufactured. Due to the complexity of the interactions between EP constructs and the environment, the impact of climate change on EP functional integrity is poorly understood. Here we used a dynamic model to assess how temperature and humidity influence spider web major ampullate (MA) silk properties. MA silk is the silk that absorbs the impact of prey striking the web, hence our model provides a useful interpretation of web performance over the temperature (i.e. 20-55°C) and humidity (i.e. 15-100%) ranges assessed. Our results showed that extremely high or low humidity had direct negative effects on web capture performance, with changes in temperature likely having indirect effects. Undeniably, the effect of temperature on web architecture and its interactive effect with humidity on web tension and capture thread stickiness need to be factored into any further predictions of plausible climate change impacts. Since our study is the first to model plasticity in an EP construct's functionality and to extrapolate the results to predict climate change impacts, it stands as a template for future studies that endeavour to make predictions about the influence of climate change on animal EPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Blamires
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - W I Sellers
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Williamson Building, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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Li Y, Cao Y. The molecular mechanisms underlying mussel adhesion. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4246-4257. [PMID: 36134404 PMCID: PMC9418609 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00582j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Marine mussels are able to firmly affix on various wet surfaces by the overproduction of special mussel foot proteins (mfps). Abundant fundamental studies have been conducted to understand the molecular basis of mussel adhesion, where the catecholic amino acid, l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) has been found to play the major role. These studies continue to inspire the engineering of novel adhesives and coatings with improved underwater performances. Despite the fact that the recent advances of adhesives and coatings inspired by mussel adhesive proteins have been intensively reviewed in literature, the fundamental biochemical and biophysical studies on the origin of the strong and versatile wet adhesion have not been fully covered. In this review, we show how the force measurements at the molecular level by surface force apparatus (SFA) and single molecule atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be used to reveal the direct link between DOPA and the wet adhesion strength of mussel proteins. We highlight a few important technical details that are critical to the successful experimental design. We also summarize many new insights going beyond DOPA adhesion, such as the surface environment and protein sequence dependent synergistic and cooperative binding. We also provide a perspective on a few uncharted but outstanding questions for future studies. A comprehensive understanding on mussel adhesion will be beneficial to the design of novel synthetic wet adhesives for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Soli State Microstructure, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Yi Cao
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Soli State Microstructure, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
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9
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Green DW, Watson JA, Jung HS, Watson GS. Natural History Collections as Inspiration for Technology. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1700238. [PMID: 30775795 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201700238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Living organisms are the ultimate survivalists, having evolved phenotypes with unprecedented adaptability, ingenuity, resourcefulness, and versatility compared to human technology. To harness these properties, functional descriptions and design principles from all sources of biodiversity information must be collated - including the hundreds of thousands of possible survival features manifest in natural history museum collections, which represent 12% of total global biodiversity. This requires a consortium of expert biologists from a range of disciplines to convert the observations, data, and hypotheses into the language of engineering. We hope to unite multidisciplinary biologists and natural history museum scientists to maximize the coverage of observations, descriptions, and hypotheses relating to adaptation and function across biodiversity, to make it technologically useful. This is to be achieved by developments in meta- taxonomic classification, phylogenetics, systematics, biological materials research, structure and morphological characterizations, and ecological data gathering from the collections - the aim being to identify and catalogue features essential for good biomimetic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Green
- Dr. D. W. Green, Prof. H.-S. Jung, Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jolanta A Watson
- Dr. J. A. Watson, Dr. G. S. Watson, School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Fraser Coast, Hervey Bay, QL, 4655, Australia
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Dr. D. W. Green, Prof. H.-S. Jung, Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gregory S Watson
- Dr. J. A. Watson, Dr. G. S. Watson, School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Fraser Coast, Hervey Bay, QL, 4655, Australia
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Newcomb LA, George MN, O’Donnell MJ, Carrington E. Only as strong as the weakest link: structural analysis of the combined effects of elevated temperature and pCO 2 on mussel attachment. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 7:coz068. [PMID: 31687146 PMCID: PMC6822540 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Predicting how combinations of stressors will affect failure risk is a key challenge for the field of ecomechanics and, more generally, ecophysiology. Environmental conditions often influence the manufacture and durability of biomaterials, inducing structural failure that potentially compromises organismal reproduction, growth, and survival. Species known for tight linkages between structural integrity and survival include bivalve mussels, which produce numerous byssal threads to attach to hard substrate. Among the current environmental threats to marine organisms are ocean warming and acidification. Elevated pCO2 exposure is known to weaken byssal threads by compromising the strength of the adhesive plaque. This study uses structural analysis to evaluate how an additional stressor, elevated temperature, influences byssal thread quality and production. Mussels (Mytilus trossulus) were placed in controlled temperature and pCO2 treatments, and then, newly produced threads were counted and pulled to failure to determine byssus strength. The effects of elevated temperature on mussel attachment were dramatic; mussels produced 60% weaker and 65% fewer threads at 25°C in comparison to 10°C. These effects combine to weaken overall attachment by 64-88% at 25°C. The magnitude of the effect of pCO2 on thread strength was substantially lower than that of temperature and, contrary to our expectations, positive at high pCO2 exposure. Failure mode analysis localized the effect of temperature to the proximal region of the thread, whereas pCO2 affected only the adhesive plaques. The two stressors therefore act independently, and because their respective target regions are interconnected (resisting tension in series), their combined effects on thread strength are exactly equal to the effect of the strongest stressor. Altogether, these results show that mussels, and the coastal communities they support, may be more vulnerable to the negative effects of ocean warming than ocean acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Newcomb
- Department of Biology, Life Sciences Building, University of Washington, Box 351800, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, USA
| | - Matthew N George
- Department of Biology, Life Sciences Building, University of Washington, Box 351800, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, USA
| | - Michael J O’Donnell
- Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, 306 Stanley Hall #1762, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Emily Carrington
- Department of Biology, Life Sciences Building, University of Washington, Box 351800, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, USA
- Corresponding author: Department of Biology, Life Sciences Building, University of Washington, Box 351800, Seattle WA 98195, USA
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Lei Y, Huang W, Huang Q, Zhang A. A novel polysiloxane elastomer based on reversible aluminum-carboxylate coordination. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04761h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel crosslinked polysiloxane based on aluminium-carboxylate coordination was designed and studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Lei
- Department of Polymer Materials Science and Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Weiyan Huang
- Department of Polymer Materials Science and Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Qiuping Huang
- Department of Polymer Materials Science and Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Anqiang Zhang
- Department of Polymer Materials Science and Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
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George MN, Carrington E. Environmental post-processing increases the adhesion strength of mussel byssus adhesive. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:388-397. [PMID: 29637795 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1453927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Marine mussels (Mytilus trossulus) attach to a wide variety of surfaces underwater using a protein adhesive that is cured by the surrounding seawater environment. In this study, the influence of environmental post-processing on adhesion strength was investigated by aging adhesive plaques in a range of seawater pH conditions. Plaques took 8-12 days to achieve full strength at pH 8, nearly doubling in adhesion strength (+94%) and increasing the work required to dislodge (+59%). Holding plaques in low pH conditions prevented strengthening, causing the material to tear more frequently under tension. The timescale of strengthening is consistent with the conversion of DOPA to DOPA-quinone, a pH dependent process that promotes cross-linking between adhesive proteins. The precise arrangement of DOPA containing proteins away from the adhesive-substratum interface emphasizes the role that structural organization can have on function, an insight that could lead to the design of better synthetic adhesives and metal-coordinating hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N George
- a Department of Biology , University of Washington , Seattle , USA
- b Friday Harbor Laboratories , Friday Harbor , USA
| | - Emily Carrington
- a Department of Biology , University of Washington , Seattle , USA
- b Friday Harbor Laboratories , Friday Harbor , USA
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13
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Chou CC, Martin-Martinez FJ, Qin Z, Dennis PB, Gupta MK, Naik RR, Buehler MJ. Ion Effect and Metal-Coordinated Cross-Linking for Multiscale Design of Nereis Jaw Inspired Mechanomutable Materials. ACS NANO 2017; 11:1858-1868. [PMID: 28165707 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Nvjp-1 protein is a key component in the jaws of Nereis virens, a species of marine worm. It contains over 25 mol % of histidine, which is believed to play a key role in the metal-coordinated cross-linking responsible for the structural stability and exceptional mechanical performance of the worm jaw. Understanding the nanoscale mechanism behind this cross-linking and its pathway in affecting the macroscopic mechanical behavior of the material is crucial to develop bioinspired mechanomutable materials based on Nvjp-1. Here, we use a combination of multiscale modeling and experimental synthesis to understand the behavior of this heterologous-expressed protein from the nano- to the macroscale. We have built a bottom-up molecular-based model, which includes electronic-based density functional theory calculations, atomistic simulation of the nanoscale properties with replica exchange molecular dynamics, and an elastic network model for describing the macroscale behavior at different pHs. This multiscale modeling supports the experimental synthesis of a photo-cross-linked Nvjp-1 hydrogel by proving both the nanoscale mechanisms and mechanical behavior predictions. Our theoretical results agree well with the experimental observations, showing that Nvjp-1 forms a more compact structure in the presence of Zn2+ ions with a suitable pH environment, leading to the formation of more stable intramolecular metal-coordinated cross-links. These metal-coordinated cross-links induce nanoscale aggregation of Nvjp-1, which is responsible for the hydrogel contraction observed in experiments and predicted by the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ching Chou
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Francisco J Martin-Martinez
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Zhao Qin
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Patrick B Dennis
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate , Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Maneesh K Gupta
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate , Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Rajesh R Naik
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate , Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Markus J Buehler
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Green DW, Watson GS, Watson JA, Lee DJ, Lee JM, Jung HS. Diversification and enrichment of clinical biomaterials inspired by Darwinian evolution. Acta Biomater 2016; 42:33-45. [PMID: 27381524 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Regenerative medicine and biomaterials design are driven by biomimicry. There is the essential requirement to emulate human cell, tissue, organ and physiological complexity to ensure long-lasting clinical success. Biomimicry projects for biomaterials innovation can be re-invigorated with evolutionary insights and perspectives, since Darwinian evolution is the original dynamic process for biological organisation and complexity. Many existing human inspired regenerative biomaterials (defined as a nature generated, nature derived and nature mimicking structure, produced within a biological system, which can deputise for, or replace human tissues for which it closely matches) are without important elements of biological complexity such as, hierarchy and autonomous actions. It is possible to engineer these essential elements into clinical biomaterials via bioinspired implementation of concepts, processes and mechanisms played out during Darwinian evolution; mechanisms such as, directed, computational, accelerated evolutions and artificial selection contrived in the laboratory. These dynamos for innovation can be used during biomaterials fabrication, but also to choose optimal designs in the regeneration process. Further evolutionary information can help at the design stage; gleaned from the historical evolution of material adaptations compared across phylogenies to changes in their environment and habitats. Taken together, harnessing evolutionary mechanisms and evolutionary pathways, leading to ideal adaptations, will eventually provide a new class of Darwinian and evolutionary biomaterials. This will provide bioengineers with a more diversified and more efficient innovation tool for biomaterial design, synthesis and function than currently achieved with synthetic materials chemistry programmes and rational based materials design approach, which require reasoned logic. It will also inject further creativity, diversity and richness into the biomedical technologies that we make. All of which are based on biological principles. Such evolution-inspired biomaterials have the potential to generate innovative solutions, which match with existing bioengineering problems, in vital areas of clinical materials translation that include tissue engineering, gene delivery, drug delivery, immunity modulation, and scar-less wound healing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Evolution by natural selection is a powerful generator of innovations in molecular, materials and structures. Man has influenced evolution for thousands of years, to create new breeds of farm animals and crop plants, but now molecular and materials can be molded in the same way. Biological molecules and simple structures can be evolved, literally in the laboratory. Furthermore, they are re-designed via lessons learnt from evolutionary history. Through a 3-step process to (1) create variants in material building blocks, (2) screen the variants with beneficial traits/properties and (3) select and support their self-assembly into usable materials, improvements in design and performance can emerge. By introducing biological molecules and small organisms into this process, it is possible to make increasingly diversified, sophisticated and clinically relevant materials for multiple roles in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Green
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Oral Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34, Hospital Road, Hong Kong SAR
| | - G S Watson
- School of Science & Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
| | - J A Watson
- School of Science & Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
| | - D-J Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-M Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Oral Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34, Hospital Road, Hong Kong SAR.
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15
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Nabavi SS, Hartmann MA. Weak reversible cross links may decrease the strength of aligned fiber bundles. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:2047-2055. [PMID: 26750612 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02614h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Reversible cross-linking is an effective strategy to specifically tailor the mechanical properties of polymeric materials that can be found in a variety of biological as well as man-made materials. Using a simple model in this paper the influence of weak, reversible cross-links on the mechanical properties of aligned fiber bundles is investigated. Special emphasis in this analysis is put on the strength of the investigated structures. Using Monte Carlo methods two topologies of cross-links exceeding the strength of the covalent backbone are studied. Most surprisingly only two cross-links are sufficient to break the backbone of a multi chain system, resulting in a reduced strength of the material. The found effect crucially depends on the ratio of inter- to intra-chain cross-links and, thus, on the grafting density that determines this ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Soran Nabavi
- Institute of Physics, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Franz-Josef Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria.
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16
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Liu C, Li S, Huang J, Liu Y, Jia G, Xie L, Zhang R. Extensible byssus of Pinctada fucata: Ca(2+)-stabilized nanocavities and a thrombospondin-1 protein. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15018. [PMID: 26446436 PMCID: PMC4597212 DOI: 10.1038/srep15018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The extensible byssus is produced by the foot of bivalve animals, including the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata, and enables them to attach to hard underwater surfaces. However, the mechanism of their extensibility is not well understood. To understand this mechanism, we analyzed the ultrastructure, composition and mechanical properties of the P. fucata byssus using electron microscopy, elemental analysis, proteomics and mechanical testing. In contrast to the microstructures of Mytilus sp. byssus, the P. fucata byssus has an exterior cuticle without granules and an inner core with nanocavities. The removal of Ca2+ by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) treatment expands the nanocavities and reduces the extensibility of the byssus, which is accompanied by a decrease in the β-sheet conformation of byssal proteins. Through proteomic methods, several proteins with antioxidant and anti-corrosive properties were identified as the main components of the distal byssus regions. Specifically, a protein containing thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), which is highly expressed in the foot, is hypothesized to be responsible for byssus extensibility. Together, our findings demonstrate the importance of inorganic ions and multiple proteins for bivalve byssus extension, which could guide the future design of biomaterials for use in seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Liu
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Deep Sea Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 China.,Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 China
| | - Shiguo Li
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Deep Sea Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jingliang Huang
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Deep Sea Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yangjia Liu
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Deep Sea Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 China
| | - Ganchu Jia
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Deep Sea Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 China
| | - Liping Xie
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Deep Sea Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 China
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Deep Sea Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 China
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17
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Miao Y, Zhang L, Sun Y, Jiao W, Li Y, Sun J, Wang Y, Wang S, Bao Z, Liu W. Integration of Transcriptomic and Proteomic Approaches Provides a Core Set of Genes for Understanding of Scallop Attachment. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 17:523-532. [PMID: 26017775 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9635-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Attachment is an essential physiological process in life histories of many marine organisms. Using a combination of transcriptomic and proteomic approach, scallop byssal proteins (Sbps) and their associated regulatory network genes were investigated for the first time. We built the first scallop foot transcriptome library, and 75 foot-specific genes were identified. Through integration of transcriptomic-proteomic approach, seven unique Sbps were identified. Of them, three showed significant amino acid sequence homology to known proteins. In contrast, the rest did not show significant protein matches, indicating they are possibly novel proteins. Our transcriptomic and proteomic analyses also suggest that post-translational modification may be one of the significant features for Sbps as well. Taken together, our study provides the first multidimensional collection of a core set of genes that may be potentially involved in scallop byssal attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Miao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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18
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Carrington E, Waite JH, Sarà G, Sebens KP. Mussels as a model system for integrative ecomechanics. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2014; 7:443-469. [PMID: 25195867 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mussels form dense aggregations that dominate temperate rocky shores, and they are key aquaculture species worldwide. Coastal environments are dynamic across a broad range of spatial and temporal scales, and their changing abiotic conditions affect mussel populations in a variety of ways, including altering their investments in structures, physiological processes, growth, and reproduction. Here, we describe four categories of ecomechanical models (biochemical, mechanical, energetic, and population) that we have developed to describe specific aspects of mussel biology, ranging from byssal attachment to energetics, population growth, and fitness. This review highlights how recent advances in these mechanistic models now allow us to link them together across molecular, material, organismal, and population scales of organization. This integrated ecomechanical approach provides explicit and sometimes novel predictions about how natural and farmed mussel populations will fare in changing climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Carrington
- Department of Biology and Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, Friday Harbor, Washington 98250; ,
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19
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Hagenau A, Suhre MH, Scheibel TR. Nature as a blueprint for polymer material concepts: Protein fiber-reinforced composites as holdfasts of mussels. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Yu Z, Xu Z, Lau D. Effect of Acidity on Chitin–Protein Interface: A Molecular Dynamics Study. BIONANOSCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-014-0138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Accelerating the design of biomimetic materials by integrating RNA-seq with proteomics and materials science. Nat Biotechnol 2013; 31:908-15. [DOI: 10.1038/nbt.2671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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22
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Wear and abrasion resistance selection maps of biological materials. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:7895-907. [PMID: 23643608 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical design of biological materials has generated widespread interest in recent years, providing many insights into their intriguing structure-property relationships. A critical characteristic of load-bearing materials, which is central to the survival of many species, is their wear and abrasion tolerance. In order to be fully functional, protective armors, dentitious structures and dynamic appendages must be able to tolerate repetitive contact loads without significant loss of materials or internal damage. However, very little is known about this tribological performance. Using a contact mechanics framework, we have constructed materials selection charts that provide general predictions about the wear performance of biological materials as a function of their fundamental mechanical properties. One key assumption in constructing these selection charts is that abrasion tolerance is governed by the first irreversible damage at the contact point. The maps were generated using comprehensive data from the literature and encompass a wide range of materials, from heavily mineralized to fully organic materials. Our analysis shows that the tolerance of biological materials against abrasion depends on contact geometry, which is ultimately correlated to environmental and selective pressures. Comparisons with experimental data from nanoindentation experiments are also drawn in order to verify our predictions. With the increasing amount of data available for biological materials also comes the challenge of selecting relevant model systems for bioinspired materials engineering. We suggest that these maps will be able to guide this selection by providing an overview of biological materials that are predicted to exhibit the best abrasion tolerance, which is of fundamental interest for a wide range of applications, for instance in restorative implants and protective devices.
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23
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Fox JD, Capadona JR, Marasco PD, Rowan SJ. Bioinspired Water-Enhanced Mechanical Gradient Nanocomposite Films That Mimic the Architecture and Properties of the Squid Beak. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:5167-74. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4002713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin D. Fox
- Department of Macromolecular
Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Kent Hale Smith Building, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202,
United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Capadona
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther
King Jr. Drive, Wickenden Building, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United
States
- Advanced Platform
Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Boulevard
151 W/APT, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-1702, United
States
| | - Paul D. Marasco
- Advanced Platform
Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Boulevard
151 W/APT, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-1702, United
States
| | - Stuart J. Rowan
- Department of Macromolecular
Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Kent Hale Smith Building, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202,
United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther
King Jr. Drive, Wickenden Building, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United
States
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106,
United States
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Deshmukh M, Singh S, Geyer A. Synthetic adhesive oligopeptides with rigid polyhydroxylated amino acids. Biopolymers 2013; 99:273-81. [PMID: 23426571 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic oligopeptides containing polyhydroxylated bicyclic dipeptide (Glc=Tap) are investigated for their adhesion properties. The non-natural amino acid building block composed of Glc=Tap is derived from glucuronic acid and mimics the hydroxyl-amino acids of the natural proteins. Peptide oligomers of Glc=Tap flanked by the amino acids Tyr and Lys were synthesized and characterized. Solution structural studies performed by circular dichromism spectroscopy suggests that poly(Lys-Glc=Tap-Tyr) and poly(Glc=Tap-Tyr) adopts extended helical structures. Adhesion of these oligomers to the mica surface is shown by atomic force microscopy spectroscopy. Studies indicate that extended polyproline II polyhydroxylated peptide chains, which bear additional phenolic as well as cationic side chains, can mimic some of the adhesion properties of the natural protein models. Furthermore, obtained data suggest that poly(Glc=Tap-Tyr) and poly(Lys-Glc=Tap-Tyr) as outstanding adhesive compounds, which combine efficient synthetic accessibility with promising adhesive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeet Deshmukh
- Philipps Universität Marburg, Fachbereich Chemie, Hans Meerwein Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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25
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Metallopolymers as an Emerging Class of Self-Healing Materials. HIERARCHICAL MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES: 60 YEARS AFTER THE STAUDINGER NOBEL PRIZE II 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2013_242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abstract
Barnacles are intriguing, not only with respect to their importance as fouling organisms, but also in terms of the mechanism of underwater adhesion, which provides a platform for biomimetic and bioinspired research. These aspects have prompted questions regarding how adult barnacles attach to surfaces under water. The multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary nature of the studies makes an overview covering all aspects challenging. This mini-review, therefore, attempts to bring together aspects of the adhesion of adult barnacles by looking at the achievements of research focused on both fouling and adhesion. Biological and biochemical studies, which have been motivated mainly by understanding the nature of the adhesion, indicate that the molecular characteristics of barnacle adhesive are unique. However, it is apparent from recent advances in molecular techniques that much remains undiscovered regarding the complex event of underwater attachment. Barnacles attached to silicone-based elastomeric coatings have been studied widely, particularly with respect to fouling-release technology. The fact that barnacles fail to attach tenaciously to silicone coatings, combined with the fact that the mode of attachment to these substrata is different to that for most other materials, indicates that knowledge about the natural mechanism of barnacle attachment is still incomplete. Further research on barnacles will enable a more comprehensive understanding of both the process of attachment and the adhesives used. Results from such studies will have a strong impact on technology aimed at fouling prevention as well as adhesion science and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kamino
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, Kisarazu, Japan.
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27
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Bode S, Bose RK, Matthes S, Ehrhardt M, Seifert A, Schacher FH, Paulus RM, Stumpf S, Sandmann B, Vitz J, Winter A, Hoeppener S, Garcia SJ, Spange S, van der Zwaag S, Hager MD, Schubert US. Self-healing metallopolymers based on cadmium bis(terpyridine) complex containing polymer networks. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00288h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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van de Koppel J, Bouma TJ, Herman PMJ. The influence of local- and landscape-scale processes on spatial self-organization in estuarine ecosystems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 215:962-7. [PMID: 22357589 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.060467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Complexity theory proposes that spatial self-organization, the process whereby small-scale, localized interactions among the components of a system generate complex spatial structures at large spatial scales, explains the formation of autogenic spatial patterns in ecosystems. We question this premise by reviewing three estuarine ecosystems - mussel beds, mudflats and salt marshes - where self-organization has been put forward to explain spatial patterns. Our review highlights that these self-organized estuarine systems are shaped by the combination of small-scale interactions between ecological and physical processes on the one hand, and large-scale physical forcing on the other. More specifically, local interactions generate patchiness at small spatial scales, whereas landscape forcing determines the shape and orientation of these patches in the landscape. We present a framework that illustrates how self-organized ecosystems are shaped by interactions between organisms and physical processes occurring at multiple spatial scales. Moreover, the present review of estuarine systems underlines that scale-dependent feedbacks are capable of explaining spatial patterns that are much more complex than the regular patterns to which they have been applied so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan van de Koppel
- Center for Estuarine and Marine Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Korringaweg 7, 4401NT Yerseke, The Netherlands.
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30
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Blamires SJ, Wu CL, Blackledge TA, Tso IM. Post-secretion processing influences spider silk performance. J R Soc Interface 2012; 9:2479-87. [PMID: 22628213 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic variation facilitates adaptations to novel environments. Silk is an example of a highly variable biomaterial. The two-spidroin (MaSp) model suggests that spider major ampullate (MA) silk is composed of two proteins-MaSp1 predominately contains alanine and glycine and forms strength enhancing β-sheet crystals, while MaSp2 contains proline and forms elastic spirals. Nonetheless, mechanical properties can vary in spider silks without congruent amino acid compositional changes. We predicted that post-secretion processing causes variation in the mechanical performance of wild MA silk independent of protein composition or spinning speed across 10 species of spider. We used supercontraction to remove post-secretion effects and compared the mechanics of silk in this 'ground state' with wild native silks. Native silk mechanics varied less among species compared with 'ground state' silks. Variability in the mechanics of 'ground state' silks was associated with proline composition. However, variability in native silks did not. We attribute interspecific similarities in the mechanical properties of native silks, regardless of amino acid compositions, to glandular processes altering molecular alignment of the proteins prior to extrusion. Such post-secretion processing may enable MA silk to maintain functionality across environments, facilitating its function as a component of an insect-catching web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean J Blamires
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
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