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Abdullah MMS, Al-Lohedan HA. Facile fabrication of magnetite nanoparticles with new hydrophobic amides and their application in oil spill remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:36986-36994. [PMID: 38758443 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33724-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, inexpensive magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) were prepared and applied to oil spill remediation. To do so, two novel hydrophobic amides, HADN and HATN, were prepared and applied to Fe3O4 surface modification, producing HAN-Fe3O4 and HAT-Fe3O4, respectively. The efficiency of HAN-Fe3O4 and HAT-Fe3O4 for oil spill remediation (EOSR) was investigated using different HAN-Fe3O4 and HAT-Fe3O4 weights and at various contact times. The data indicated that the EOSR increased with increased HAN-Fe3O4 and HAT-Fe3O4 weights, as their EOSR reached 100% and 89%, respectively, using 100 mg. The results also revealed that the optimum time for HAN-Fe3O4 and HAT-Fe3O4 (50 mg) to achieve the highest EOSR is 8 min, as their EOSR reached 98% and 84%, respectively, at this time. In addition, HAN-Fe3O4 exhibited higher EOSR than HAT-Fe3O4, which could be linked to the presence of an aromatic ring in HADN that is used for surface modification of Fe3O4, making them more compatible with crude oil components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood M S Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamad A Al-Lohedan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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2
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West BM, Wildhaber ML, Aagaard KJ, Thogmartin WE, Moore AP, Hooper MJ. Migration and energetics model predicts delayed migration and likely starvation in oiled waterbirds. Ecol Modell 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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3
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Murphy E, Jessopp M, Darby J. Light to intermediate oil sheens increase Manx shearwater feather permeability. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:220488. [PMID: 36249329 PMCID: PMC9533009 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Oil pollution has profound negative impacts on the marine environment, with seabirds particularly vulnerable to oiling, due to the amount of time spent on the sea surface foraging or resting. Exposure to oil can affect feather structure and influence waterproofing, buoyancy and thermoregulation. We investigated the effects of surface crude oil on the feather structure of Manx shearwaters (Puffinus puffinus), a seabird species that spends a high proportion of time on the water surface. Sampled body contour feathers were exposed to varying thicknesses of surface crude oil before assessing their resistance to water permeation, increase in mass and clumping of feather barbules. Surface oil as thin as 0.1 µm was enough to increase feather permeability, while greatest impacts on permeability were caused by exposure to dark colour surface sheens 3 µm in thickness. Increases in feather mass of up to 1000% were noted in heavy oiling scenarios due to contact with thicker oil slicks, which may significantly affect wing loading and energetic expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Murphy
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - M. Jessopp
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- MaREI Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - J. Darby
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- MaREI Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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4
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Ma Y, Choi CY, Thomas A, Gibson L. Review of contaminant levels and effects in shorebirds: Knowledge gaps and conservation priorities. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113868. [PMID: 35863215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution has emerged as a major threat to bird populations. Many shorebird populations are declining, although contamination has been documented in some shorebirds, evidence of negative impacts is sparse and this important topic remains understudied. To guide future research and develop effective conservation strategies, we carried out a comprehensive review of environmental pollutants and their consequences on shorebirds. In total, we found 93 relevant articles which examined pollutant contamination in ~37% (79 of 215) of all shorebird species, mostly from the Charadriidae and Scolopacidae families. Studies were geographically biased: the majority were conducted in American flyways, while only 1 was found from Australasia and few were conducted in Asian flyways. The main geographic gap for research includes East Africa, South Asia and Siberian Arctic. The most well-documented pollutants included mercury (Hg, 37 studies), cadmium (33), and lead (Pb, 28); less well studied pollutants were barium (1), calcium (1), strontium (1), dicofols (1), and other newly emerging contaminants, such as plastic debris/microplastics (4) and antibiotics resistance (2). Several pollutants have caused considerable concerns in shorebirds, including embryotoxicity caused by PCBs at non-optimum temperature (laboratory experiments); reduced reproduction performance linked to maternal Hg and paternal Pb (field evidence); and reduced refueling and flight performance related to oil contamination (both field and laboratory evidence). Our results confirm that an in-depth understanding of the local, regional and global factors that influence population trends of shorebirds in light of increasing pollution threats is essential for accurate and effective management and conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanju Ma
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Chi-Yeung Choi
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Alex Thomas
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Luke Gibson
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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Wang F, Ma R, Zhan J, Shi W, Zhu Y, Tian Y. Superhydrophobic/superoleophilic starch-based cryogels coated by silylated porous starch/Fe3O4 hybrid micro/nanoparticles for removing discrete oil patches from water. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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6
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Wang F, Ma R, Zhan J, Tian Y. Superhydrophobic modular cryogel with variable magnetic-actuated motion direction for discrete small-scale oil spill cleanup. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 430:128448. [PMID: 35152107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Smart superhydrophobic sorbents are in high demand for cleaning oil spills that could endanger the aquatic ecosystem. Herein, we demonstrated the fabrication of a superhydrophobic and magnetic modular cryogel (SNS@Fe-PSC) containing three starch-based modules, namely, a superhydrophobic nano-coating, a magnetic nanocomposite insertion, and a high-strength starch/polyvinyl alcohol composite substrate. The surface chemical composition and hierarchical micro/nanostructures of this material were investigated in detail. The modular cryogel had a high water contact angle (>151°) and low sliding angle (<9°), as well as excellent water-repellent, self-cleaning, and anti-fouling properties. This material also exhibited good durability owing to its stable chemical bonding and structural support. SNS@Fe-PSC could be applied to remove oil from water effectively. Moreover, the magnetic module (saturation magnetization, 5.04 emu/g) allowed the as-obtained material to be propelled and controlled by a magnet on the surface of water. Variable magnetic-actuated motion direction could be realized by adjusting the position and amount of magnetic modules inserted to the cryogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Rongrong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jinling Zhan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yaoqi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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7
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Ruberg EJ, King MD, Elliott JE, Tomy GT, Idowu I, Vermette ML, Williams TD. Effects of diluted bitumen exposure on the survival, physiology, and behaviour of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 229:113071. [PMID: 34915220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Diluted bitumen (dilbit) is an unconventional crude petroleum increasingly being extracted and transported to market by pipeline and tanker. Despite the transport of dilbit through terrestrial, aquatic, and coastal habitat important to diverse bird fauna, toxicity data are currently only available for fish and invertebrates. We used the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) as a tractable, avian model system to investigate exposure effects of lightly weathered Cold Lake blend dilbit on survival, tissue residue, and a range of physiological and behavioural endpoints. Birds were exposed via oral gavage over 14-days with dosages of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, or 12 mL dilbit/kg bw/day. We identified an LD50 of 9.4 mL/kg/d dilbit, with complete mortality at 12 mL/kg/d. Mortality was associated with mass loss, external oiling, decreased pectoral and heart mass, and increased liver mass. Hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity (EROD) was elevated in all dilbit-dosed birds compared with controls but there was limited evidence of sublethal effects of dilbit on physiological endpoints at doses < 10 mL/kg/d (hematocrit, hemoglobin, total antioxidants, and reactive oxygen metabolites). Dilbit exposure affected behavior, with more dilbit-treated birds foraging away from the feeder, more birds sleeping or idle at low dilbit doses, and fewer birds huddling together at high dilbit doses. Naphthalene, dibenzothiophene, and their alkylated congeners in particular (e.g. C2-napthalene and C2-dibenzothiophene) accumulated in the liver at greater concentrations in dilbit-treated birds compared to controls. Although directly comparable studies in the zebra finch are limited, our mortality data suggest that dilbit is more toxic than the well-studied MC252 conventional light crude oil with this exposure regime. A lack of overt sublethal effects at lower doses, but effects on body mass and composition, behaviour, high mortality, and elevated PAC residue at doses ≥ 10 mL/kg/d suggest a threshold effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Ruberg
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Mason D King
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - John E Elliott
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science and Technology Division, 5421 Robertson Road, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada
| | - Gregg T Tomy
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Ifeoluwa Idowu
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Melissa L Vermette
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Tony D Williams
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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8
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Richard FJ, Southern I, Gigauri M, Bellini G, Rojas O, Runde A. Warning on nine pollutants and their effects on avian communities. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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9
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Takeshita R, Bursian SJ, Colegrove KM, Collier TK, Deak K, Dean KM, De Guise S, DiPinto LM, Elferink CJ, Esbaugh AJ, Griffitt RJ, Grosell M, Harr KE, Incardona JP, Kwok RK, Lipton J, Mitchelmore CL, Morris JM, Peters ES, Roberts AP, Rowles TK, Rusiecki JA, Schwacke LH, Smith CR, Wetzel DL, Ziccardi MH, Hall AJ. A review of the toxicology of oil in vertebrates: what we have learned following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2021; 24:355-394. [PMID: 34542016 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2021.1975182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the wake of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, a number of government agencies, academic institutions, consultants, and nonprofit organizations conducted lab- and field-based research to understand the toxic effects of the oil. Lab testing was performed with a variety of fish, birds, turtles, and vertebrate cell lines (as well as invertebrates); field biologists conducted observations on fish, birds, turtles, and marine mammals; and epidemiologists carried out observational studies in humans. Eight years after the spill, scientists and resource managers held a workshop to summarize the similarities and differences in the effects of DWH oil on vertebrate taxa and to identify remaining gaps in our understanding of oil toxicity in wildlife and humans, building upon the cross-taxonomic synthesis initiated during the Natural Resource Damage Assessment. Across the studies, consistency was found in the types of toxic response observed in the different organisms. Impairment of stress responses and adrenal gland function, cardiotoxicity, immune system dysfunction, disruption of blood cells and their function, effects on locomotion, and oxidative damage were observed across taxa. This consistency suggests conservation in the mechanisms of action and disease pathogenesis. From a toxicological perspective, a logical progression of impacts was noted: from molecular and cellular effects that manifest as organ dysfunction, to systemic effects that compromise fitness, growth, reproductive potential, and survival. From a clinical perspective, adverse health effects from DWH oil spill exposure formed a suite of signs/symptomatic responses that at the highest doses/concentrations resulted in multi-organ system failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Takeshita
- Conservation Medicine, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Steven J Bursian
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Kathleen M Colegrove
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Brookfield, Illinois, United States
| | - Tracy K Collier
- Zoological Pathology Program, Huxley College of the Environment, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States
| | - Kristina Deak
- College of Marine Sciences, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida, United States
| | | | - Sylvain De Guise
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States
| | - Lisa M DiPinto
- Office of Response and Restoration, NOAA, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Cornelis J Elferink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Andrew J Esbaugh
- Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, Texas, United States
| | - Robert J Griffitt
- Division of Coastal Sciences, School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Gulfport, Mississippi, United States
| | - Martin Grosell
- RSMAS, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
| | | | - John P Incardona
- NOAA Environmental Conservation Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Richard K Kwok
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, North Carolina, United States
| | | | - Carys L Mitchelmore
- University of Maryland Center of Environmental Science, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Solomons, Maryland, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Morris
- Health and Environment Division, Abt Associates, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Edward S Peters
- Department of Epidemiology, LSU School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Aaron P Roberts
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States
| | - Teresa K Rowles
- NOAA Office of Protected Resources, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Jennifer A Rusiecki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Lori H Schwacke
- Conservation Medicine, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Cynthia R Smith
- Conservation Medicine, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Dana L Wetzel
- Environmental Laboratory of Forensics, Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, Florida, United States
| | - Michael H Ziccardi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, One Health Institute, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Ailsa J Hall
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
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10
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Bautista NM, do Amaral-Silva L, Dzialowski E, Burggren WW. Dietary Exposure to Low Levels of Crude Oil Affects Physiological and Morphological Phenotype in Adults and Their Eggs and Hatchlings of the King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis). Front Physiol 2021; 12:661943. [PMID: 33897469 PMCID: PMC8063051 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.661943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the current knowledge of the devastating effects of external exposure to crude oil on animal mortality, the study of developmental, transgenerational effects of such exposure has received little attention. We used the king quail as an animal model to determine if chronic dietary exposure to crude oil in a parental population would affect morpho-physiological phenotypic variables in their immediate offspring generation. Adult quail were separated into three groups: (1) Control, and two experimental groups dietarily exposed for at least 3 weeks to (2) Low (800 PAH ng/g food), or (3) High (2,400 PAH ng/g food) levels of crude oil. To determine the parental influence on their offspring, we measured metabolic and respiratory physiology in exposed parents and in their non-exposed eggs and hatchlings. Body mass and numerous metabolic (e.g., O2 consumption, CO2 production) and respiratory (e.g., ventilation frequency and volume) variables did not vary between control and oil exposed parental groups. In contrast, blood PO2, PCO2, and SO2 varied among parental groups. Notably, water loss though the eggshell was increased in eggs from High oil level exposed parents. Respiratory variables of hatchlings did not vary between populations, but hatchlings obtained from High oil-exposed parents exhibited lower capacities to maintain body temperature while exposed to a cooling protocol in comparison to hatchlings from Low- and Control-derived parents. The present study demonstrates that parental exposure to crude oil via diet impacts some aspects of physiological performance of the subsequent first (F1) generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naim M Bautista
- Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Lara do Amaral-Silva
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.,Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, College of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edward Dzialowski
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Warren W Burggren
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
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King MD, Elliott JE, Williams TD. Effects of petroleum exposure on birds: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142834. [PMID: 33109373 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Birds are vulnerable to petroleum pollution, and exposure has a range of negative effects resulting from plumage fouling, systemic toxicity, and embryotoxicity. Recent research has not been synthesized since Leighton's 1993 review despite the continued discharge of conventional petroleum, including high-volume oil spills and chronic oil pollution, as well as the emergence of understudied unconventional crude oil types. To address this, we reviewed the individual-level effects of crude oil and refined fuel exposure in avifauna with peer-reviewed articles published 1993-2020 to provide a critical synthesis of the state of the science. We also sought to answer how unconventional crude petroleum effects compare with conventional crude oil. Relevant knowledge gaps and research challenges were identified. The resulting review examines avian exposure to petroleum and synthesizes advances regarding the physical effects of oil hydrocarbons on feather structure and function, as well the toxic effects of inhaled or ingested oil, embryotoxicity, and how exposure affects broader scale endpoints related to behavior, reproduction, and survival. Another outcome of the review was the knowledge gaps and challenges identified. The first finding was a paucity of oil ingestion rate estimates in birds. Characterizing environmentally realistic exposure and ingestion rates is a higher research priority than additional conventional oral dosing experiments. Second, there is an absence of toxicity data for unconventional crude petroleum. Although the effects of air and water contamination in the Canadian oil sands region have received attention, toxicity data for direct exposure to unrefined bitumen produced there in high volumes and other such unconventional oil types are needed. Third, we encountered barriers to the interpretation, replication, broad relevance, and comparability of studies. We therefore propose best practices and promising technological advancements for researchers. This review consolidates our understanding of petroleum's effects on birds and points a way forward for researchers and resource managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason D King
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - John E Elliott
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science and Technology Division, 5421 Robertson Road, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada.
| | - Tony D Williams
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
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12
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Provencher JF, Thomas PJ, Pauli B, Braune BM, Franckowiak RP, Gendron M, Savard G, Sarma SN, Crump D, Zahaby Y, O'Brien J, Mallory ML. Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and trace elements in four marine bird species from northern Canada in a region of natural marine oil and gas seeps. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 744:140959. [PMID: 32711326 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing understanding of how oil pollution can affect aquatic ecosystems, including physical and chemical effects. One of the biggest challenges with detecting the effects of oil-related contaminants on biota from resource development is understanding the background levels and potential effects of the exposure of biota to contaminants from various natural and anthropogenic sources prior to large scale oil and gas operations. Seabirds are effective indicators of pollution, and can be useful for tracking oil-related contaminants in the marine environment. We sampled four seabird species (black guillemot, Cepphus grylle; thick-billed murre, Uria lomvia; black-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla; and northern fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis) in the Baffin Bay-Davis Strait region of the Northwest Atlantic and Arctic oceans, an area where natural oil and gas seeps are present but lacking any large-scale oil and gas projects. We found detectable levels of PACs and several trace elements in all species examined. Alkylated PAC levels were higher than parent compounds in all four seabird species examined, with fulmars and murres having the highest levels detected; mean hepatic concentrations of ∑16PAC were 99.05, 46.42, 12.78 and 9.57 ng/g lw, respectively, for guillemots, murres, fulmars and kittiwakes. Overall, PAC concentrations in the seabird species examined were similar to PAC concentrations measured in other bird species in regions with more industrialization. These findings provide data which can be used to assess the current oil-related contaminant exposure of biota in the region. As well, they provide background levels for the region at a time when shipping activity is relatively low, which can used for future comparisons following expected increases in shipping and oil and gas activities in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer F Provencher
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bruce Pauli
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Birgit M Braune
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Michel Gendron
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Guy Savard
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sailendra Nath Sarma
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Doug Crump
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yasmeen Zahaby
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jason O'Brien
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mark L Mallory
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
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Bonisoli-Alquati A, Xu W, Stouffer PC, Taylor SS. Transcriptome analysis indicates a broad range of toxic effects of Deepwater Horizon oil on Seaside Sparrows. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137583. [PMID: 32325582 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In marine species, the transcriptomic response to Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil implicated many biochemical pathways, with corresponding adverse outcomes on organ development and physiological performance. Terrestrial organisms differ in their mechanisms of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their physiological challenges, and may reveal either distinct effects of oil on biochemical pathways or the generality of the responses to oil shown in marine species. Using a cross-species hybridization microarray approach, we investigated the transcriptomic response in the liver of Seaside Sparrows (Ammospiza maritima) exposed to DWH oil compared with birds from a control site. Our analysis identified 295 genes differentially expressed between birds exposed to oil and controls. Gene ontology (GO) and canonical pathway analysis suggested that the identified genes were involved in a coordinated response that promoted hepatocellular proliferation and liver regeneration while inhibiting apoptosis, necrosis, and liver steatosis. Exposure to oil also altered the expression of genes regulating energy homeostasis, including carbohydrate metabolism and gluconeogenesis, and the biosynthesis, transport and metabolism of lipids. These results provide a molecular mechanism for the long-standing observation of hepatic hypertrophy and altered lipid biosynthesis and transport in birds exposed to crude oil. Several of the activated pathways and pathological outcomes shown here overlap with the ones altered in fish species upon exposure to oil. Overall, our study shows that the path of oil contamination from the marine system into salt marshes can lead to similar responses in terrestrial birds to those described in marine organisms, suggesting similar adverse outcomes and shared machinery for detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bonisoli-Alquati
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, Pomona, CA, United States of America.
| | - W Xu
- Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, United States of America
| | - P C Stouffer
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America; LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - S S Taylor
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America; LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
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14
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Horak KE, Barrett NL, Ellis JW, Campbell EM, Dannemiller NG, Shriner SA. Effects of Deepwater Horizon oil on feather structure and thermoregulation in gulls: Does rehabilitation work? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 718:137380. [PMID: 32325625 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Impacts of large-scale oil spills on avian species are far-reaching. While media attention often focuses on lethal impacts, sub-lethal effects and the impacts of rehabilitation receive less attention. The objective of our study was to characterize effects of moderate external oiling and subsequent rehabilitation on feather structure and thermoregulation in gulls. We captured 30 wild ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis) and randomly assigned each individual to an experimental group: 1) controls, 2) rehabilitated birds (externally oiled, rehabilitated by washing), or 3) oiled birds (externally oiled, not rehabilitated). We externally oiled birds with weathered MC252 Deepwater Horizon oil (water for controls) and collected feathers and thermography imagery (FLIR) approximately weekly for four weeks to investigate feather structure (quantified using a barbule clumping index) and thermoregulatory ability (characterized by internal body temperature and external surface temperature). Post-oiling feather clumping was significantly higher in oiled and rehabilitated birds compared to controls, but steadily declined over time in both groups. However, feather microstructure in rehabilitated birds was indistinguishable from controls within three weeks of washing whereas the feathers of oiled birds were still significantly clumped a month post oiling. Internal body temperatures didn't differ in any of the groups, suggesting birds maintain thermoregulatory homeostasis in spite of moderate external oiling. External temperatures for rehabilitated birds didn't differ from controls within a week of rehabilitation. Overall, rehabilitation procedures were effective and washed birds were in better condition compared to non-rehabilitated, oiled birds. This study provides evidence that the benefits of rehabilitation for moderately oiled birds likely outweigh the costs with regard to feather structure and thermoregulation. While feather preening and time were insufficient to reestablish baseline fine scale feather structure in moderately oiled birds, the significant clumping reduction over time may indicate that rehabilitation of lightly oiled birds may not be necessary and deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Horak
- National Wildlife Research Center, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA.
| | - Nicole L Barrett
- National Wildlife Research Center, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Jeremy W Ellis
- National Wildlife Research Center, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Emma M Campbell
- National Wildlife Research Center, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Nicholas G Dannemiller
- National Wildlife Research Center, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 1601 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Susan A Shriner
- National Wildlife Research Center, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
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15
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Birnie-Gauvin K, Lennox RJ, Guglielmo CG, Teffer AK, Crossin GT, Norris DR, Aarestrup K, Cooke SJ. The Value of Experimental Approaches in Migration Biology. Physiol Biochem Zool 2020; 93:210-226. [DOI: 10.1086/708455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Dorr BS, Mathewson PD, Hanson-Dorr KC, Healy KA, Horak KE, Porter W. Landscape scale thermoregulatory costs from sublethal exposure to Deep Water Horizon oil in the double-crested cormorant. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 152:110915. [PMID: 32479288 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.110915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Toxic effects of heavy oiling to wildlife are well known from oil spills, although sublethal oil exposure effects are poorly understood. We used Niche Mapper™, to compute spatially and temporally specific energetic and behavioral impacts of repeated sublethal oil exposure to double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus). During winter (October-March) cormorants exposed to 13 g, 39 g, and 65-78 g of oil, had on average a 31%, 59%, and 76% predicted increase in total resting energetic requirements (RMR) compared to unoiled birds, respectively. Increased RMR resulted in a mean (±SD) predicted increase in time spent foraging of 36 (±13) min·d-1. During the breeding season (April-September), cormorants had on average a 29%, 57% and 73% increase in total RMR and the mean predicted increase in time spent foraging was 131 (±49) min·d-1. Thermoregulatory effects of sublethal oil exposure may cause greater impacts to bird populations than is currently understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Dorr
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, P.O. Box 6099, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
| | - Paul D Mathewson
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 250 North Mills Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Katie C Hanson-Dorr
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, P.O. Box 6099, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Katherine A Healy
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Natural Resource Damage Assessment Regional Field Office, 341 Greeno Road North, Suite A, Fairhope, AL 36532, USA
| | - Katherine E Horak
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Ave., Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Warren Porter
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 250 North Mills Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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17
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Guigueno MF, Shoji A, Elliott KH, Aris-Brosou S. Flight costs in volant vertebrates: A phylogenetically-controlled meta-analysis of birds and bats. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 235:193-201. [PMID: 31195122 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Flight costs play an important role in determining the behavior, ecology, and physiology of birds and bats. Mechanical flight costs can be estimated from aerodynamics. However, measured metabolic flight costs (oxygen consumption rate) are less accurately predicted by flight theory, either because of (1) variation in flight efficiency across species, (2) variation in how basal costs interact with flight costs or (3) methodological biases. To tease apart these three hypotheses, we conducted a phylogenetically-controlled meta-analysis based on data from birds and bats. Birds doing short flights in a lab had higher metabolic rates than those with sustained flapping flight. In turn, species that used sustained flapping flight had a higher metabolic rate than those that flew primarily via gliding. Models accounting for relatedness (phylogeny) explained the data better than those that did not, which is congruent with the idea that several different flight Bauplans have evolved within birds and bats. Focusing on species with sustained flapping flight, for which more data are currently available, we found that flight cost estimates were not affected by measurement methods in both birds and bats. However, efficiency increased with body mass and decreased with flight speed in both birds and bats. Basal metabolic rate was additive to flight metabolic rate in bats but not birds. We use these results to derive an equation for estimating metabolic flight costs of birds and bats that includes variation in whole animal efficiency with flight speed and body mass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akiko Shoji
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kyle H Elliott
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Aris-Brosou
- Departments of Biology and of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Dorr BS, Hanson-Dorr KC, Assadi-Porter FM, Selen ES, Healy KA, Horak KE. Effects of Repeated Sublethal External Exposure to Deep Water Horizon Oil on the Avian Metabolome. Sci Rep 2019; 9:371. [PMID: 30674908 PMCID: PMC6344488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed adverse effects of external sublethal exposure of Deepwater Horizon, Mississippi Canyon 252 oil on plasma and liver metabolome profiles of the double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus), a large (1.5 to 3.0 kg) diving waterbird common in the Gulf of Mexico. Metabolomics analysis of avian plasma showed significant negative effects on avian metabolic profiles, in some cases after only two external exposures (26 g cumulative) to oil. We observed significant (p < 0.05) changes in intermediate metabolites of energy metabolism and fatty acid and amino acid metabolic pathways in cormorants after repeated exposure to oil. Exposure to oil increased several metabolites (glycine, betaine, serine and methionine) that are essential to the one-carbon metabolism pathway. Lipid metabolism was affected, causing an increase in production of ketone bodies, suggesting lipids were used as an alternative energy source for energy production in oil exposed birds. In addition, metabolites associated with hepatic bile acid metabolism were affected by oil exposure which was correlated with changes observed in bile acids in exposed birds. These changes at the most basic level of phenotypic expression caused by sublethal exposure to oil can have effects that would be detrimental to reproduction, migration, and survival in avian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Dorr
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, MS State, MS, 39762, USA.
| | - Katie C Hanson-Dorr
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, MS State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Fariba M Assadi-Porter
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Ebru Selin Selen
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Katherine A Healy
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Deepwater Horizon Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration Office, Fairhope, AL, 36532, USA
| | - Katherine E Horak
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA
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19
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Matcott J, Baylis S, Clarke RH. The influence of petroleum oil films on the feather structure of tropical and temperate seabird species. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 138:135-144. [PMID: 30660254 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Feather fouling is a primary cause of seabird mortality during marine hydrocarbon oil spills. Understanding how oils interact with feathers is an important step in mitigating this threat. Seabird feathers from 12 taxa, representing most seabird families from the tropics and southern latitudes, were exposed to crude and condensate oil films under laboratory settings. Feathers were measured for changes in mass proportional to feather size, and for barbule clumping. Seabird feathers from six distinct families exposed to very thin oil sheens (<0.3 μm) showed no significant change in proportional mass relative to control treatments, and 10 of the 12 species exposed to these films revealed no significant difference in barbule clumping. By contrast, exposure to both crude and condensate oil films ≥3 μm resulted in significant increases in feather mass and clumping. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the influence of oil on feather structure when compiling threat assessments involving seabirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Matcott
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Shane Baylis
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Rohan H Clarke
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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20
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Yap KN, Dick MF, Guglielmo CG, Williams TD. Effects of experimental manipulation of hematocrit on avian flight performance in high- and low-altitude conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.191056. [PMID: 30266786 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.191056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite widely held assumptions that hematocrit (Hct) is a key determinant of aerobic capacity and exercise performance, this relationship has not often been tested rigorously in birds and results to date are mixed. Migration in birds involves high-intensity exercise for long durations at various altitudes. Therefore, it provides a good model system to examine the effect of Hct on flight performance and physiological responses of exercise at high altitude. We treated yellow-rumped warblers (Setophaga coronata) with avian erythropoietin (EPO) and anti-EPO to experimentally manipulate Hct and assessed flight performance at low and high altitudes using a hypobaric wind tunnel. We showed that anti-EPO-treated birds had lower Hct than vehicle- and EPO--treated birds post-treatment. Anti-EPO-treated birds also had marginally lower exercise performance at low altitude, committing a higher number of strikes (mistakes) in the first 30 min of flight. However, anti-EPO-treated birds performed significantly better at high altitude, attaining a higher altitude in a ramped altitude challenge to 3000 m equivalent altitude, and with a longer duration of flight at high altitude. Birds exercising at high altitude showed decreased Hct, increased glucose mobilization and decreased antioxidant capacity, regardless of treatment. In summary, we provide experimental evidence that the relationship between Hct and exercise performance is dependent on altitude. Future studies should investigate whether free-living birds adaptively modulate their Hct, potentially through a combination of erythropoiesis and plasma volume regulation (i.e. hemodilution), based on the altitude they fly at during migratory flight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Nian Yap
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Morag F Dick
- Department of Biology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, 1393 Western Road, London, ON, N6G 1G9, Canada
| | - Christopher G Guglielmo
- Department of Biology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, 1393 Western Road, London, ON, N6G 1G9, Canada
| | - Tony D Williams
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
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21
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Lamb JS, Fiorello CV, Satgé YG, Mills K, Ziccardi M, Jodice PGR. Movement patterns of California brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis californicus) following oiling and rehabilitation. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 131:22-31. [PMID: 29886941 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Direct mortality of wildlife is generally used to quantify the damage caused by pollution events. However, free-ranging wildlife that survive initial exposure to pollutants may also experience long-term consequences. Individuals that are rehabilitated following oil exposure have a known history of oiling and provide a useful study population for understanding behavior following pollution events. We GPS-tracked 12 rehabilitated brown pelicans and compared their movements to those of eight non-oiled, non-rehabilitated controls over 87-707 (mean = 271) days. Rehabilitated pelicans traveled farther, spent more time in long-distance movements, and occupied more productive waters than controls. These differences were more apparent among females than males. Rehabilitated pelicans also visited breeding colonies and nest sites at lower rates than controls. Our results indicate that, although rehabilitated pelicans undertake long-distance movements, they may display increased dispersion and reduced breeding investment, particularly among females. Such behavioral changes could have long-term effects on populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lamb
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, South Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Lehotsky Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - C V Fiorello
- Oiled Wildlife Care Network, Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, 1089 Veterinary Drive VM3B, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Y G Satgé
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, South Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Lehotsky Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - K Mills
- Oiled Wildlife Care Network, Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, 1089 Veterinary Drive VM3B, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - M Ziccardi
- Oiled Wildlife Care Network, Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, 1089 Veterinary Drive VM3B, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - P G R Jodice
- U.S. Geological Survey South Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Lehotsky Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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22
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Abstract
Migratory birds are physiologically specialized to accumulate massive fat stores (up to 50-60% of body mass), and to transport and oxidize fatty acids at very high rates to sustain flight for many hours or days. Target gene, protein and enzyme analyses and recent -omic studies of bird flight muscles confirm that high capacities for fatty acid uptake, cytosolic transport, and oxidation are consistent features that make fat-fueled migration possible. Augmented circulatory transport by lipoproteins is suggested by field data but has not been experimentally verified. Migratory bats have high aerobic capacity and fatty acid oxidation potential; however, endurance flight fueled by adipose-stored fat has not been demonstrated. Patterns of fattening and expression of muscle fatty acid transporters are inconsistent, and bats may partially fuel migratory flight with ingested nutrients. Changes in energy intake, digestive capacity, liver lipid metabolism and body temperature regulation may contribute to migratory fattening. Although control of appetite is similar in birds and mammals, neuroendocrine mechanisms regulating seasonal changes in fuel store set-points in migrants remain poorly understood. Triacylglycerol of birds and bats contains mostly 16 and 18 carbon fatty acids with variable amounts of 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 depending on diet. Unsaturation of fat converges near 70% during migration, and unsaturated fatty acids are preferentially mobilized and oxidized, making them good fuel. Twenty and 22 carbon n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may affect membrane function and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling. However, evidence for dietary PUFA as doping agents in migratory birds is equivocal and requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Guglielmo
- Department of Biology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A5B7
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23
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Ma Y, Perez CR, Branfireun BA, Guglielmo CG. Dietary exposure to methylmercury affects flight endurance in a migratory songbird. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 234:894-901. [PMID: 29253830 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although there has been much speculation in the literature that methylmercury (MeHg) exposure can reduce songbird fitness, little is known about its effects on migration. Migrating songbirds typically make multiple flights, stopping to refuel for short periods between flights. How refueling at MeHg-contaminated stopover sites would contribute to MeHg bioaccumulation, and how such exposure could affect subsequent flight performance during migration has not been determined. In a dosing experiment we show that migratory yellow-rumped warblers (Setophaga coronata) rapidly accumulate dietary MeHg in blood, brain and muscle, liver and kidneys in just 1-2 weeks. We found that exposure to a 0.5 ppm diet did not affect vertical takeoff performance, but in 2-h wind tunnel flights, MeHg-treated warblers had a greater median number of strikes (landing or losing control) in the first 30 min, longer strike duration, and shorter flight duration. The number of strikes in the first 30 min of 0.5 ppm MeHg-exposed warblers was related to mercury concentration in blood in a sigmoid, dose-dependent fashion. Hyperphagic migratory songbirds may potentially bioaccumulate MeHg rapidly, which can lead to decreased migratory endurance flight performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanju Ma
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Cristina R Perez
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Brian A Branfireun
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Environment and Sustainability, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher G Guglielmo
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Perez CR, Moye JK, Cacela D, Dean KM, Pritsos CA. Low level exposure to crude oil impacts avian flight performance: The Deepwater Horizon oil spill effect on migratory birds. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 146:98-103. [PMID: 28596040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill released 134 million gallons of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico making it the largest oil spill in US history. The three month oil spill left tens of thousands of birds dead; however, the fate of tens of thousands of other migratory birds that were affected but did not immediately die is unknown. We used the homing pigeon as a surrogate species for migratory birds to investigate the effects of a single external oiling event on the flight performance of birds. Data from GPS data loggers revealed that lightly oiled pigeons took significantly longer to return home and spent more time stopped en route than unoiled birds. This suggests that migratory birds affected by the oil spill could have experienced long term flight impairment and delayed arrival to breeding, wintering, or crucial stopover sites and subsequently suffered reductions in survival and reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina R Perez
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, United States
| | - John K Moye
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, United States
| | | | | | - Chris A Pritsos
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, United States.
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25
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Bursian SJ, Alexander CR, Cacela D, Cunningham FL, Dean KM, Dorr BS, Ellis CK, Godard-Codding CA, Guglielmo CG, Hanson-Dorr KC, Harr KE, Healy KA, Hooper MJ, Horak KE, Isanhart JP, Kennedy LV, Link JE, Maggini I, Moye JK, Perez CR, Pritsos CA, Shriner SA, Trust KA, Tuttle PL. Reprint of: Overview of avian toxicity studies for the Deepwater Horizon Natural Resource Damage Assessment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 146:4-10. [PMID: 28559122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 establishes liability for injuries to natural resources because of the release or threat of release of oil. Assessment of injury to natural resources resulting from an oil spill and development and implementation of a plan for the restoration, rehabilitation, replacement or acquisition of natural resources to compensate for those injuries is accomplished through the Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) process. The NRDA process began within a week of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, which occurred on April 20, 2010. During the spill, more than 8500 dead and impaired birds representing at least 93 avian species were collected. In addition, there were more than 3500 birds observed to be visibly oiled. While information in the literature at the time helped to identify some of the effects of oil on birds, it was not sufficient to fully characterize the nature and extent of the injuries to the thousands of live oiled birds, or to quantify those injuries in terms of effects on bird viability. As a result, the US Fish and Wildlife Service proposed various assessment activities to inform NRDA injury determination and quantification analyses associated with the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, including avian toxicity studies. The goal of these studies was to evaluate the effects of oral exposure to 1-20ml of artificially weathered Mississippi Canyon 252 oil kg bw-1 day-1 from one to 28 days or one to five applications of oil to 20% of the bird's surface area. It was thought that these exposure levels would not result in immediate or short-term mortality but might result in physiological effects that ultimately could affect avian survival, reproduction and health. These studies included oral dosing studies, an external dosing study, metabolic and flight performance studies and field-based flight studies. Results of these studies indicated changes in hematologic endpoints including formation of Heinz bodies and changes in cell counts. There were also effects on multiple organ systems, cardiac function and oxidative status. External oiling affected flight patterns and time spent during flight tasks indicating that migration may be affected by short-term repeated exposure to oil. Feather damage also resulted in increased heat loss and energetic demands. The papers in this special issue indicate that the combined effects of oil toxicity and feather effects in avian species, even in the case of relatively light oiling, can significantly affect the overall health of birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Bursian
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - C R Alexander
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - D Cacela
- Abt Associates, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - F L Cunningham
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Mississippi Field Station, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - K M Dean
- Abt Associates, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - B S Dorr
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Mississippi Field Station, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - C K Ellis
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - C A Godard-Codding
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - C G Guglielmo
- Department of Biology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada
| | - K C Hanson-Dorr
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Mississippi Field Station, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | | | - K A Healy
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Deepwater Horizon Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration Office, Fairhope, AL, USA
| | - M J Hooper
- US Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - K E Horak
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | - L V Kennedy
- Department of Biology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada
| | - J E Link
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - I Maggini
- Department of Biology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada
| | - J K Moye
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - C R Perez
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - C A Pritsos
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - S A Shriner
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - K A Trust
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Refuge System, Portland, OR, USA
| | - P L Tuttle
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Deepwater Horizon Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration Office, Fairhope, AL, USA
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Dean KM, Bursian SJ. Following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: What we know about the effects of oil on birds? ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 146:1-3. [PMID: 28899549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Dean
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Steven J Bursian
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Perez CR, Moye JK, Cacela D, Dean KM, Pritsos CA. Body mass change in flying homing pigeons externally exposed to Deepwater Horizon crude oil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 146:104-110. [PMID: 28526170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill contaminated thousands of miles of habitat valuable to hundreds of species of migratory and resident birds of the Gulf of Mexico. Many birds died as a direct result of the oil spill; however, the indirect effects of oil exposure on the flight ability and body condition of birds are difficult to assess in situ. This study utilizes the homing pigeon as a surrogate species for migratory birds to investigate the effect of multiple external oil exposures on the flight performance and body mass change of birds over a series of repeated flights from 136.8km flight distance. Oiled pigeons took significantly longer to return home, lost more weight during flight, and were unable to recover their weight, resulting in reduction of body weight overtime. Based on our data, migratory birds that were oiled, even partially, by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill likely took longer to complete migration and were likely in poor body condition, increasing their risk of mortality and reproductive failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina R Perez
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
| | - John K Moye
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
| | | | | | - Chris A Pritsos
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA.
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Perez CR, Moye JK, Cacela D, Dean KM, Pritsos CA. Homing pigeons externally exposed to Deepwater Horizon crude oil change flight performance and behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:530-539. [PMID: 28704750 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill was the largest in U.S. history, contaminating thousands of miles of coastal habitat and affecting the lives of many avian species. The Gulf of Mexico is a critical bird migration route area and migrants that were oiled but did not suffer mortality as a direct result of the spill faced unpredictable fates. This study utilized homing pigeons as a surrogate species for migratory birds to investigate the effects a single low level external oiling event has on the flight performance and behavior of birds flying repeated 161 km flights. Data from GPS data loggers showed that lightly oiled pigeons changed their flight paths, increased their flight durations by 2.6 fold, increased their flight distances by 28 km and subsequently decreased their route efficiencies. Oiled birds also exhibited reduced rate of weight gain between flights. Our data suggest that contaminated birds surviving the oil spill may have experienced flight impairment and reduced refueling abilities, likely reducing overall migration speed. Our findings contribute new information on how oil spills affect avian species, as the effects of oil on the flight behavior of long distance free-flying birds have not been previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina R Perez
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA.
| | - John K Moye
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
| | | | | | - Chris A Pritsos
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
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29
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Bursian SJ, Alexander CR, Cacela D, Cunningham FL, Dean KM, Dorr BS, Ellis CK, Godard-Codding CA, Guglielmo CG, Hanson-Dorr KC, Harr KE, Healy KA, Hooper MJ, Horak KE, Isanhart JP, Kennedy LV, Link JE, Maggini I, Moye JK, Perez CR, Pritsos CA, Shriner SA, Trust KA, Tuttle PL. Overview of avian toxicity studies for the Deepwater Horizon Natural Resource Damage Assessment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 142:1-7. [PMID: 28376347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 establishes liability for injuries to natural resources because of the release or threat of release of oil. Assessment of injury to natural resources resulting from an oil spill and development and implementation of a plan for the restoration, rehabilitation, replacement or acquisition of natural resources to compensate for those injuries is accomplished through the Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) process. The NRDA process began within a week of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, which occurred on April 20, 2010. During the spill, more than 8500 dead and impaired birds representing at least 93 avian species were collected. In addition, there were more than 3500 birds observed to be visibly oiled. While information in the literature at the time helped to identify some of the effects of oil on birds, it was not sufficient to fully characterize the nature and extent of the injuries to the thousands of live oiled birds, or to quantify those injuries in terms of effects on bird viability. As a result, the US Fish and Wildlife Service proposed various assessment activities to inform NRDA injury determination and quantification analyses associated with the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, including avian toxicity studies. The goal of these studies was to evaluate the effects of oral exposure to 1-20ml of artificially weathered Mississippi Canyon 252 oil kg bw-1 day-1 from one to 28 days or one to five applications of oil to 20% of the bird's surface area. It was thought that these exposure levels would not result in immediate or short-term mortality but might result in physiological effects that ultimately could affect avian survival, reproduction and health. These studies included oral dosing studies, an external dosing study, metabolic and flight performance studies and field-based flight studies. Results of these studies indicated changes in hematologic endpoints including formation of Heinz bodies and changes in cell counts. There were also effects on multiple organ systems, cardiac function and oxidative status. External oiling affected flight patterns and time spent during flight tasks indicating that migration may be affected by short-term repeated exposure to oil. Feather damage also resulted in increased heat loss and energetic demands. The papers in this special issue indicate that the combined effects of oil toxicity and feather effects in avian species, even in the case of relatively light oiling, can significantly affect the overall health of birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Bursian
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - C R Alexander
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - D Cacela
- Abt Associates, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - F L Cunningham
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Mississippi Field Station, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - K M Dean
- Abt Associates, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - B S Dorr
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Mississippi Field Station, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - C K Ellis
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - C A Godard-Codding
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - C G Guglielmo
- Department of Biology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada
| | - K C Hanson-Dorr
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Mississippi Field Station, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | | | - K A Healy
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Deepwater Horizon Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration Office, Fairhope, AL, USA
| | - M J Hooper
- US Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - K E Horak
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | - L V Kennedy
- Department of Biology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada
| | - J E Link
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - I Maggini
- Department of Biology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada
| | - J K Moye
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - C R Perez
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - C A Pritsos
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - S A Shriner
- US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - K A Trust
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Refuge System, Portland, OR, USA
| | - P L Tuttle
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Deepwater Horizon Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration Office, Fairhope, AL, USA
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30
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Knight K. Even light oiling from spills can be catastrophic for birds. J Exp Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.164897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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