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Assawasirisin C, Dumronggittigule W, Mahawithitwong P, Tovikkai C. Robotic subtotal left pancreatectomy with preservation of the bile duct and spleen for multifocal pancreatic metastases: a video vignette of organ-sparing pancreatectomy for tumors that do not require regional lymphadenectomy. JOURNAL OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY 2024; 27:125-127. [PMID: 38887005 PMCID: PMC11187606 DOI: 10.7602/jmis.2024.27.2.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatectomy for pancreatic metastases (PM) yields acceptable survival outcomes in selected renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. We describe a technique for robotic subtotal left pancreatectomy with preservation of the common bile duct (CBD) and spleen in a patient with multifocal RCC-PM. The patient, who had RCC and underwent nephrectomy 20 years ago, presented with a pancreatic mass. Computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasonography demonstrated one mass at the head of pancreas (HOP), and other three lesions at neck, body, and tail. HOP lesion located near CBD. Subtotal left pancreatectomy was more preferred option than total pancreatectomy due to better endocrine function. The ultrasound-guided CBD and uncinate-preserving resection started at HOP, and then continued with distal pancreatectomy. The pathology revealed metastatic RCC with a negative margin. The patient experienced only biochemical pancreatic leakage. One month after surgery, the patient only required oral medication for diabetes treatment. In conclusion, the robot-assisted technique is helpful in increasing the success rate of organ-sparing pancreatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charnwit Assawasirisin
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery Unit, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Wethit Dumronggittigule
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery Unit, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Prawej Mahawithitwong
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery Unit, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Chutwichai Tovikkai
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery Unit, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
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Al-Madhi S, Acciuffi S, Meyer F, Dölling M, Beythien A, Andric M, Rahimli M, Croner RS, Perrakis A. The Pancreas as a Target of Metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma: Is Surgery Feasible and Safe? A Single-Center Experience in a High-Volume and Certified Pancreatic Surgery Center in Germany. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1921. [PMID: 38610686 PMCID: PMC11012243 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Secondary malignant tumors of the pancreas are rare, representing 2-5% of all pancreatic malignancies. Nevertheless, the pancreas is one of the target organs in cases of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). Additionally, recurrent metastasis may occur. Surgical resection remains the best and prognostically most favorable therapeutic option in cases of solitary pancreatic metastasis. Aim: To review retrospectively the clinical tumor registry of the University Hospital of Magdeburg, Germany, for this rare entity, performing a clinical systematic single-center observational study (design). Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of consecutive patients who had undergone pancreatic resection for metastatic CCRC was performed in a single high-volume certified center for pancreatic surgery in Germany from 2010 to 2022. Results: All patients (n = 17) included in this study had a metachronous metastasis from a CCRCC. Surgery was performed at a median time interval of 12 (range, 9-16) years after primary resection for CCRCC. All 17 patients were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Three of those patients (17.6%) presented with recurrent metastasis in a different part of the pancreas during follow-up. In a total of 17 patients, including those with recurrent disease, a surgical resection was performed; Pancreatoduodenectomy was performed in 6 patients (35%); left pancreatectomy with splenectomy was performed in 7 patients (41%). The rest of the patients underwent either a spleen-preserving pancreatic tail resection, local resection of the tumor lesion or a total pancreatectomy. The postoperative mortality rate was 6%. Concerning histopathological findings, seven patients (41%) had multifocal metastasis. An R0 resection could be achieved in all cases. The overall survival at one, three and five years was 85%, 85% and 72%, respectively, during a median follow-up of 43 months. Conclusions: CCRC pancreatic metastases can occur many years after the initial treatment of the primary tumor. Surgery for such a malignancy seems feasible and safe; it offers very good short- and long-term outcomes, as indicated. A repeated pancreatic resection can also be safely performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Al-Madhi
- Department of General, Abdominal, Vascular and Transplant Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University with University Hospital, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.A.); (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.A.); (M.R.); (R.S.C.); (A.P.)
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3
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Rojas-Holguín A, Fondevila-Campo C, Sanjuanbenito A, Fabregat-Prous J, Secanella-Medayo L, Rotellar-Sastre F, Pardo-Sánchez F, Prieto-Calvo M, Marín-Ortega H, Sánchez-Cabús S, Diez-Valladares L, Alonso-Casado Ó, González-Serrano C, Rodríguez-Sanjuan JC, García-Plaza G, Jaén-Torrejimeno I, Suárez-Muñoz MÁ, Becerra-Massare A, Rio PSD, Pando E, López-Andújar R, Muñoz-Forner E, Rodriguez-López M, Pereira F, Serrablo-Requejo A, Turrión VS, Garrido MJ, Burdío F, Martín-Pérez E, Estevan-Estevan R, López-Guerra D, Castell-Gómez J, Salinas-Gómez J, López-Baena JÁ, López-Ben S, Solar-García L, Pérez-Alonso AJ, Martínez-Insfran LA, Blas JL, Cornejo M, Gutierrez-Calvo A, Pozo CDD, Ochando-Cerdan F, Muñoz-Bellvís L, Rebollar-Saenz J, Sánchez B, Jover JM, Gómez-Bravo MÁ, Ramia JM, Blanco-Fernández G. Repeated pancreatic resection for pancreatic metastases from renal cell Carcinoma: A Spanish multicenter study (PANMEKID). Surg Oncol 2024; 52:102039. [PMID: 38301449 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2024.102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Recurrent isolated pancreatic metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) after pancreatic resection is rare. The purpose of our study is to describe a series of cases of relapse of pancreatic metastasis from renal cancer in the pancreatic remnant and its surgical treatment with a repeated pancreatic resection, and to analyse the results of both overall and disease-free survival. METHODS Multicenter retrospective study of patients undergoing pancreatic resection for RCC pancreatic metastases, from January 2010 to May 2020. Patients were grouped into two groups depending on whether they received a single pancreatic resection (SPS) or iterative pancreatic resection. Data on short and long-term outcome after pancreatic resection were collected. RESULTS The study included 131 pancreatic resections performed in 116 patients. Thus, iterative pancreatic surgery (IPS) was performed in 15 patients. The mean length of time between the first pancreatic surgery and the second was 48.9 months (95 % CI: 22.2-56.9). There were no differences in the rate of postoperative complications. The DFS rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 86 %, 78 % and 78 % vs 75 %, 50 % and 37 % in the IPS and SPS group respectively (p = 0.179). OS rates at 1, 3, 5 and 7 years were 100 %, 100 %, 100 % and 75 % in the IPS group vs 95 %, 85 %, 80 % and 68 % in the SPS group (p = 0.895). CONCLUSION Repeated pancreatic resection in case of relapse of pancreatic metastasis of RCC in the pancreatic remnant is justified, since it achieves OS results similar to those obtained after the first resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Rojas-Holguín
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Terapeútica Médico Quirúrgica, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Badajoz, Spain; Department of HBP Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Constantino Fondevila-Campo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Joan Fabregat-Prous
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Luís Secanella-Medayo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Héctor Marín-Ortega
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabriel García-Plaza
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Insular de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Isabel Jaén-Torrejimeno
- Department of HBP Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth Pando
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary and Transplant Surgery, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael López-Andújar
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Hepatology, HBP Surgery and Transplants, IIS La Fe, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Muñoz-Forner
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario Rodriguez-López
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Fernando Pereira
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Sánchez Turrión
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Jiménez Garrido
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Elena Martín-Pérez
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Diego López-Guerra
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Terapeútica Médico Quirúrgica, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Badajoz, Spain; Department of HBP Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Santiago López-Ben
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Lorena Solar-García
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alejandro J Pérez-Alonso
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Department of Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Juan Luis Blas
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marian Cornejo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Marina Baixa, Villajoyosa, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alberto Gutierrez-Calvo
- Department of Surgery Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias. Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Muñoz-Bellvís
- Department of Surgery, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Belinda Sánchez
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José María Jover
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José M Ramia
- Hepatology, HBP Surgery and Transplants, IIS La Fe, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Department of Surgery, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Gerardo Blanco-Fernández
- Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Terapeútica Médico Quirúrgica, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Badajoz, Spain; Department of HBP Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain.
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Hajibandeh S, Hajibandeh S, Romman S, Ghassemi N, Evans D, Laing RW, Durkin D, Athwal TS. Pancreatic resection for metastasis from renal cell carcinoma: A single institution experience and meta-analysis of survival outcomes. Pancreatology 2024; 24:160-168. [PMID: 38012888 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate short-term clinical and long-term survival outcomes of pancreatic resection for pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC). METHODS A retrospective evaluation of patients undergoing pancreatic resection for metastasis from RCC over a 12-years period was conducted. Furthermore, a systematic search of electronic data sources and bibliographic reference lists were conducted to identify studies investigating the same clinical question. Short-term clinical and long-term survival outcomes were evaluated. Kaplan-Meier survival plots were constructed for survival outcomes. Cox-proportional regression analysis was performed to determine factors associated with survival. Finally, meta-analysis of survival outcomes was conducted using random-effects modelling. RESULTS Eighteen patients underwent pancreatic resections for RCC pancreatic metastasis within the study period. The mean age of the included patients was 63.8 ± 8.0 years. There were 10(55.6 %) male and 8(44.4 %) female patients. Pancreatectomy was associated with 4(25.0 %) Clavien-Dindo (C-D) I, 5(31.3 %) C-D II, and 7(43.7 %) C-D III complications, 7(38.8 %) pancreatic fistula, 3(16.7 %) post-pancreatectomy acute pancreatitis, 1(5.6 %) delayed gastric emptying, and 1(5.6 %) chyle leak. The mean length of hospital stay was 18 ± 16.3 days. The median survival was 64 months (95 % CI 60-78). The 3-and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 83.3 % and 55.5 %, respectively. The 3-and 5-year survival rates were 100 % and 55.6 %, respectively. The pooled analyses of 553 patients demonstrated 3-and 5-year survival rates of 77.6 % and 60.7 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Pancreatectomy for RCC metastasis is associated with acceptable short-term clinical and promising long-term survival outcomes. Considering the rarity of the entity, escalation of level of evidence in this context is challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Hajibandeh
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom.
| | - Shahab Hajibandeh
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Saleh Romman
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Nader Ghassemi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Daisy Evans
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Richard W Laing
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Damien Durkin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Tejinderjit S Athwal
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
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Sellner F, Compérat E, Klimpfinger M. Genetic and Epigenetic Characteristics in Isolated Pancreatic Metastases of Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16292. [PMID: 38003482 PMCID: PMC10671160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolated pancreatic metastases of renal cell carcinoma (IsPMRCC) are a rare manifestation of metastatic, clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in which distant metastases occur exclusively in the pancreas. In addition to the main symptom of the isolated occurrence of pancreatic metastases, the entity surprises with additional clinical peculiarities: (a) the unusually long interval of about 9 years between the primary RCC and the onset of pancreatic metastases; (b) multiple pancreatic metastases occurring in 36% of cases; (c) favourable treatment outcomes with a 75% 5-year survival rate; and (d) volume and growth-rate dependent risk factors generally accepted to be relevant for overall survival in metastatic surgery are insignificant in isPMRCC. The genetic and epigenetic causes of exclusive pancreatic involvement have not yet been investigated and are currently unknown. Conversely, according to the few available data in the literature, the following genetic and epigenetic peculiarities can already be identified as the cause of the protracted course: 1. high genetic stability of the tumour cell clones in both the primary tumour and the pancreatic metastases; 2. a low frequency of copy number variants associated with aggressiveness, such as 9p, 14q and 4q loss; 3. in the chromatin-modifying genes, a decreased rate of PAB1 (3%) and an increased rate of PBRM1 (77%) defects are seen, a profile associated with a favourable course; 4. an increased incidence of KDM5C mutations, which, in common with increased PBRM1 alterations, is also associated with a favourable outcome; and 5. angiogenetic biomarkers are increased in tumour tissue, while inflammatory biomarkers are decreased, which explains the good response to TKI therapy and lack of sensitivity to IT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Clinic Favoriten Vienna, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, 1100 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Compérat
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Klimpfinger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Sellner F, Thalhammer S, Klimpfinger M. Isolated Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma-Clinical Particularities and Seed and Soil Hypothesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020339. [PMID: 36672289 PMCID: PMC9857376 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A meta-analysis of 1470 isolated pancreatic metastases of renal cell carcinoma revealed, that, in addition to the unusual exclusive occurrence of pancreatic metastases and the favourable treatment results, the isPMRCC is characterised by further peculiarities of the clinical course: The lack of prognostic significance of volume and growth rate dependent risk factors and the independence of treatment results from standard or local resections. As an explanation for all these peculiarities, according to today's knowledge, a strong acting seed and soil mechanism can serve, which allows embolized tumour cells to grow to metastases only in the pancreas, and prevents them definitively or for years in all other organs. The good prognosis affects not only isolated PM, but also multi-organ metastases of the RCC, in which the additional occurrence of PM is also associated with a better prognosis. Genetic studies revealed specific changes in cases of PM of RCC: Lack of loss of 9p21.3 and 14q31.2, which are otherwise specific gene mutations at the onset of generalization, a low weight genome instability index, i.e., high genetic stability, and a low rate of PAB1 and a high rate of BPRM1 alterations, which signal a more favourable course. The cause of pancreatic organotropism in isPMRCC is still unclear, so only those factors that have been identified as promoting organotropism in other, more frequent tumour entities can be presented: Formation of the pre-metastatic niche, chemokine receptor-ligand mechanism, ability to metabolic adaptation, and immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Clinic Favoriten, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, 1100 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Sabine Thalhammer
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Clinic Favoriten, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, 1100 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Klimpfinger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Liang XK, Li LJ, He YM, Xu ZF. Misdiagnosis of pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:9012-9019. [PMID: 36157676 PMCID: PMC9477049 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i25.9012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic metastases account for only a small proportion of all pancreatic malignancies. Isolated pancreatic metastasis from renal cell cancer (isPM-RCC) is extremely rare and may be difficult to differentiate from more common primary neoplasms. A history of nephrectomy is crucial for the diagnosis.
CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 64-year-old Asian man who was diagnosed with a mass in the pancreatic head using computed tomography. He had no related symptoms, and his medical history was unremarkable, except for unilateral nephrectomy performed to remove a “benign” tumor 19 years ago. All preoperative imaging findings suggested a diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. However, ultrasound-guided biopsy revealed features of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Re-examination of the specimen resected 19 years ago confirmed that he had a ccRCC. The pancreatic mass was resected and pathological examination confirmed isPM-RCC.
CONCLUSION Misdiagnosis of isPM-RCC is common because of its rarity and the long interval from resection of the primary tumor and manifestation of the metastasis. The history of the previous surgery may be the only clue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Kun Liang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lu-Jing Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ye-Mei He
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zuo-Feng Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, China
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The role of hepatic and pancreatic metastatectomy in the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A systematic review. Surg Oncol 2022; 44:101819. [DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2022.101819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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9
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Isolated Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Cancer: Genetics and Epigenetics of an Unusual Tumour Entity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061539. [PMID: 35326690 PMCID: PMC8945920 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated pancreatic metastases of renal cell carcinoma (isPMRCC) are a rare manifestation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) characterized by two peculiarities: (1). The definite or at least long-term exclusive occurrence of metastases in the pancreas and (2). an unusual low tumour aggressiveness with slow tumour progression and consecutive, good treatment results. According to current knowledge, the exclusive occurrence of pancreatic metastases is due to a highly specific and highly selective seed and soil mechanism, which does not allow metastases settlement outside the pancreas, and whose detailed genetic/epigenetic causes are not yet elucidated. Recent studies have shed light on some of the pathways involved for the protracted course of the disease and highlighted a special genetic profile (lack of loss of 9p, lower weight genome instability index, low frequency of BAP1 alterations, and a high frequency of PBRM1 loss), which deviates from the conventional mRCC profile. Finally, the question of the reasons for the long-term relative genetic stability of the involved cell clones, which is an essential prerequisite for a favourable prognosis, remains unanswered.
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Okamoto T. Malignant biliary obstruction due to metastatic non-hepato-pancreato-biliary cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:985-1008. [PMID: 35431494 PMCID: PMC8968522 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i10.985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant biliary obstruction generally results from primary malignancies of the pancreatic head, bile duct, gallbladder, liver, and ampulla of Vater. Metastatic lesions from other primaries to these organs or nearby lymph nodes are rarer causes of biliary obstruction. The most common primaries include renal cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, lymphoma, and melanoma. They may be difficult to differentiate from primary hepato-pancreato-biliary cancer based on imaging studies, or even on biopsy. There is also no consensus on the optimal method of treatment, including the feasibility and effectiveness of endoscopic intervention or surgery. A thorough review of the literature on pancreato-biliary metastases and malignant biliary obstruction due to metastatic non-hepato-pancreato-biliary cancer is presented. The diagnostic modality and clinical characteristics may differ significantly depending on the type of primary cancer. Different primaries also cause malignant biliary obstruction in different ways, including direct invasion, pancreatic or biliary metastasis, hilar lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Metastasectomy may hold promise for some types of pancreato-biliary metastases. This review aims to elucidate the current knowledge in this area, which has received sparse attention in the past. The aging population, advances in diagnostic imaging, and improved treatment options may lead to an increase in these rare occurrences going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Luke’s International Hospital, Chuo-ku 104-8560, Tokyo, Japan
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Blanco-Fernández G, Fondevila-Campo C, Sanjuanbenito A, Fabregat-Prous J, Secanella-Medayo L, Rotellar-Sastre F, Pardo-Sánchez F, Prieto-Calvo M, Marín-Ortega H, Sánchez-Cabús S, Diez-Valladares L, Alonso-Casado Ó, González-Serrano C, Rodríguez-Sanjuan JC, García-Plaza G, Jaén-Torrejimeno I, Suárez-Muñoz MÁ, Becerra-Massare A, Rio PSD, Pando E, López-Andújar R, Muñoz-Forner E, Rodriguez-López M, Pereira F, Serrablo-Requejo A, Turrión VS, Garrido MJ, Burdío F, Martín-Pérez E, Estevan-Estevan R, López-Guerra D, Castell-Gómez J, Salinas-Gómez J, López-Baena JÁ, López-Ben S, Solar-García L, Pérez-Alonso AJ, Martínez-Insfran LA, Blas JL, Cornejo M, Gutierrez-Calvo A, Pozo CDD, Ochando-Cerdan F, Muñoz-Bellvís L, Rebollar-Saenz J, Sánchez B, Jover JM, Gómez-Bravo MÁ, Ramia JM, Rojas-Holguín A. Pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Postoperative outcome after surgical treatment in a Spanish multicenter study (PANMEKID). EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2022; 48:133-141. [PMID: 34417061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) occasionally spreads to the pancreas. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the short and long-term results of a multicenter series in order to determine the effect of surgical treatment on the prognosis of these patients. METHODS Multicenter retrospective study of patients undergoing surgery for RCC pancreatic metastases, from January 2010 to May 2020. Variables related to the primary tumor, demographics, clinical characteristics of metastasis, location in the pancreas, type of pancreatic resection performed and data on short and long-term evolution after pancreatic resection were collected. RESULTS The study included 116 patients. The mean time between nephrectomy and pancreatic metastases' resection was 87.35 months (ICR: 1.51-332.55). Distal pancreatectomy was the most performed technique employed (50 %). Postoperative morbidity was observed in 60.9 % of cases (Clavien-Dindo greater than IIIa in 14 %). The median follow-up time was 43 months (13-78). Overall survival (OS) rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 96 %, 88 %, and 83 %, respectively. The disease-free survival (DFS) rate at 1, 3, and 5 years was 73 %, 49 %, and 35 %, respectively. Significant prognostic factors of relapse were a disease free interval of less than 10 years (2.05 [1.13-3.72], p 0.02) and a history of previous extrapancreatic metastasis (2.44 [1.22-4.86], p 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic resection if metastatic RCC is found in the pancreas is warranted to achieve higher overall survival and disease-free survival, even if extrapancreatic metastases were previously removed. The existence of intrapancreatic multifocal compromise does not always warrant the performance of a total pancreatectomy in order to improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Blanco-Fernández
- Department of HBP and Liver Transplant Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain.
| | | | | | - Joan Fabregat-Prous
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Luís Secanella-Medayo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabriel García-Plaza
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Insular de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Isabel Jaén-Torrejimeno
- Department of HBP and Liver Transplant Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth Pando
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary and Transplant Surgery, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael López-Andújar
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Muñoz-Forner
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clínico Universitariode Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario Rodriguez-López
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Fernando Pereira
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Sánchez Turrión
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Jiménez Garrido
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Elena Martín-Pérez
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Diego López-Guerra
- Department of HBP and Liver Transplant Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Santiago López-Ben
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Lorena Solar-García
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | - Juan Luis Blas
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marian Cornejo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Marina Baixa, Villajoyosa, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alberto Gutierrez-Calvo
- Department of Surgery Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias. Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Muñoz-Bellvís
- Department of Surgery, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Belinda Sánchez
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José María Jover
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José M Ramia
- Department of Surgery, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Adela Rojas-Holguín
- Department of HBP and Liver Transplant Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain
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12
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Kai K, Imamura N, Hiyoshi M, Hamada T, Uchise Y, Hatada H, Kawakami H, Mukai S, Kamoto T, Nanashima A. Usefulness of intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in laparoscopic enucleation of small pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma: A case report. Asian J Endosc Surg 2022; 15:211-215. [PMID: 34342149 PMCID: PMC9292423 DOI: 10.1111/ases.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is relatively rare. Surgical resection of the lesion is recommended if no residual tumor remains. Although there is no clear standard for surgical procedures, enucleation can be considered for small lesions. Lesion identification is important for enucleation, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound which takes advantage of the characteristics of hypervascular lesions was useful in a 68-year-old woman who underwent a left nephrectomy for RCC 11 years ago that was pathologically diagnosed as clear cell carcinoma. Recent computed tomography checkup showed a hypervascular tumor of 6 mm in the uncinated process and 10 mm in the pancreatic tail. Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration was performed for the tail lesion, a diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma was made, and laparoscopic enucleation of the pancreatic tumors was performed aided by intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound. The postoperative course was uneventful, and no pancreatic fistula occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Kai
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Miyazaki Faculty of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Naoya Imamura
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Miyazaki Faculty of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Masahide Hiyoshi
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Miyazaki Faculty of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Takeomi Hamada
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Miyazaki Faculty of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Yukako Uchise
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Miyazaki Faculty of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Hiroshi Hatada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MiyazakiMiyazakiJapan
| | - Hiroshi Kawakami
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MiyazakiMiyazakiJapan
| | - Shoichiro Mukai
- Department of UrologyUniversity of Miyazaki Faculty of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Toshiyuki Kamoto
- Department of UrologyUniversity of Miyazaki Faculty of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Atsushi Nanashima
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Miyazaki Faculty of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
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13
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Vilar Tabanera A, Muñoz Muñoz P, Molina Villar JM, Gajate P, Sanjuanbenito A. Surgery of pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. Cir Esp 2021; 100:50-52. [PMID: 34863662 DOI: 10.1016/j.cireng.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Vilar Tabanera
- Unidad de Cirugía general y aparto digestivo, Sección Cirugía Biliopancreática, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Paula Muñoz Muñoz
- Unidad de Cirugía general y aparto digestivo, Sección Cirugía Biliopancreática, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Molina Villar
- Unidad de Cirugía general y aparto digestivo, Sección Cirugía Biliopancreática, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Gajate
- Unidad de Oncología Médica, Sección de tumores digestivos, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Sanjuanbenito
- Unidad de Cirugía general y aparto digestivo, Sección Cirugía Biliopancreática, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Fahlbusch T, Luu AM, Braumann C, Lukas C, Uhl W, Künzli BM. Lipomatous pancreas facilitates late onset of renal cell carcinoma metastases. Acta Chir Belg 2021; 121:314-319. [PMID: 32374654 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2020.1765672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late metastasizing into pancreatic tissue is a special hallmark of renal cell carcinomas (RCC). A very low prevalence leads to scarce data about therapy, prognosis and spreading pathways. The aim of the study was to analyze whether a high fat content in the pancreas facilitates RCC metastases formation. A model for density measurement of pancreatic tissue has been developed and evaluated. Pancreatic fat content was measured comparing Hounsfield units (HU) of CT scans. METHODS In a consecutive single centre retrospective database of 3600 patients with pancreatic resections, only 12 patients (0.3%) cases of RCC metastases in the pancreas were found. HU were measured in 3 pancreatic regions: head, body and tail in patients' CT scans. HU values were compared to a control population and results aligned with recent literature. RESULTS We revealed a prevalence of pancreatic metastases of RCC in 0.3% of cases. The formation of RCC in the pancreas occurred within 14 ± 5.6 years after initial diagnosis of RCC. 83.3% of the patients were alive after a follow-up period of up to 48 months. Clinical data analysis revealed an affinity for metastatic formation to lipomatous pancreas. This could be objectivized by HU analysis in CT scans. CONCLUSION Pancreatic metastases occur late after the first diagnosis of renal carcinoma and show an affinity for lipomatous pancreatic tissues. Due to its rarity in occurrence, multicentric studies are highly recommended to further analyze this correlation between fatty pancreas and RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Fahlbusch
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, St. Josef-Hospital, University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - A. M. Luu
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, St. Josef-Hospital, University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - C. Braumann
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, St. Josef-Hospital, University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - C. Lukas
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, St. Josef-Hospital, University Hospital, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - W. Uhl
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, St. Josef-Hospital, University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - B. M. Künzli
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, St. Josef-Hospital, University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Surgery, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland
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15
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Kataoka K, Ishikawa T, Ohno E, Mizutani Y, Iida T, Ishikawa E, Furukawa K, Nakamura M, Honda T, Ishigami M, Kawashima H, Hirooka Y, Fujishiro M. Differentiation between pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm using endoscopic ultrasound. Pancreatology 2021; 21:1364-1370. [PMID: 34281790 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) often appear many years after treatment of the primary tumor, and differentiation from pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PanNEN) can be challenging due to their hypervascularity. Here, we investigated the utility of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for differentiation of these conditions. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed in 17 and 79 consecutive patients with pathologically proven PRCC and non-functional PanNEN who were examined by EUS. In cases examined by EUS elastography or contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS (CH-EUS), the lesions were classified as stiff or soft, or into three vascular patterns as hypoechoic, isoechoic, and hyperechoic. CH-EUS images at 20 s, 40 s, 60 s, 3 min and 5 min were used for evaluation. EUS images were independently reviewed by two readers who were blinded to all clinical information. RESULTS The patients with PRCC were significantly older than those with PanNEN (median, 71 (range, 45-81) vs. 58 (22-76), P = 0.001) and more often had multiple tumors (6/17 (35%) vs. 7/79 (9%), P = 0.010). In EUS findings, PRCC lesions significantly more frequently had a marginal hypoechoic zone (MHZ) (11/17 (65%) vs. 27/79 (34%), P = 0.028), being classified as soft (12/13 (92%) vs. 26/58 (45%), P = 0.002), and showed sustained hyperechoic vascular patterns at 5 min (7/8 (88%) vs. 4/59 (7%), P < 0.001) compared to PanNEN lesions. CONCLUSIONS The presence of a MHZ, a soft lesion, and a sustained hyperechoic vascular pattern in EUS may be useful for differentiating PRCC from PanNEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunio Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takuya Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eizaburo Ohno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mizutani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tadashi Iida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eri Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Furukawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masanao Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kawashima
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Hirooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastroenterological Oncology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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16
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Monge M, Chiavelli H, Pinson J, Papet E, Schwarz L, Tuech JJ. Successful outcome following resection of metachronous pancreatic metastasis from a rhabdomyosarcoma. Acta Chir Belg 2021; 121:354-356. [PMID: 31994975 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2020.1722927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic metastases (PM) are rare, comprising 3% of pancreatic tumours removed in sizable series of operations. This report presents the first case of metachronous pancreatic metastases from rhabdomyosarcoma successfully treated by pancreaticoduodenectomy. CASE REPORT A 19-year old man was admitted with a tumor in the head of the pancreas, 1 year after undergoing removal of an alveolar RMS from the right hand. . Computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrates a solitary hypodence tumour of the pancreas. The patient underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy and the postoperative course was uneventful. Pathologic examination confirmed the metastatic alveolar RMS without lymph node involvement. At most recent follow-up, 36 months after pancreaticoduodenectomy, the patient has no evidence of disease. CONCLUSION Although rare, rhabdomyosarcoma can metastasize to the pancreas. The surgeons must be aware of this complication, and that such pancreatic metastases are potentially resectable with a good long term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Monge
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital-Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | - H. Chiavelli
- Department of Pathology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - J. Pinson
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital-Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | - E. Papet
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital-Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | - L. Schwarz
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital-Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | - J. J. Tuech
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital-Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
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17
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Malleo G, Salvia R, Maggino L, Marchegiani G, D'Angelica M, DeMatteo R, Kingham P, Pulvirenti A, Sereni E, Jarnagin WR, Bassi C, Allen PJ, Butturini G. Long-term Outcomes After Surgical Resection of Pancreatic Metastases from Renal Clear-Cell Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:3100-3108. [PMID: 33575870 PMCID: PMC8119267 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic metastases (PM) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are uncommon. We herein describe the long-term outcomes associated with pancreatectomy at two academic institutions, with a specific focus on 10-year survival. METHODS This investigation was limited to patients undergoing pancreatectomy for PM between 2000 and 2008 at the University of Verona and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, allowing a potential for 10 years of surveillance. The probabilities of further RCC recurrence and RCC-related death were estimated using a competing risk analysis (method of Fine and Gray) to account for patients who died of other causes during follow-up. RESULTS The study population consisted of 69 patients, mostly with isolated metachronous PM (77%). The median interval from nephrectomy to pancreatic metastasectomy was 109 months, whereas the median post-pancreatectomy follow-up was 141 months. The 10-year cumulative incidence of new RCC recurrence was 62.7%. In the adjusted analysis, the relative risk of repeated recurrence was significantly higher in PM synchronous to the primary RCC (sHR = 1.27) and in patients receiving extended pancreatectomy (sHR = 3.05). The 10-year cumulative incidence of disease-specific death was 25.5%. The only variable with an influence on disease-specific death was the recurrence-free interval following metastasectomy (sHR = 0.98). In patients with repeated recurrence, the 10-year cumulative incidence of RCC-related death was 35.4%. CONCLUSION In a selected group of patients followed for a median of 141 months and mostly with isolated metachronous PM, resection was associated with a high possibility of long-term disease control in surgically fit patients with metastases confined to the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Malleo
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery-DSCOMI University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Roberto Salvia
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery-DSCOMI University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Maggino
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marchegiani
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - Michael D'Angelica
- The Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Unit, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronald DeMatteo
- The Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Unit, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter Kingham
- The Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Unit, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessandra Pulvirenti
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
- The Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Unit, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisabetta Sereni
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - William R Jarnagin
- The Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Unit, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claudio Bassi
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - Peter J Allen
- The Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Unit, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Giovanni Butturini
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
- Unit of Pancreatic Surgery, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Italy
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18
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Simultaneous Metastasis of the Pancreas and Gallbladder from Renal Cell Carcinoma. Indian J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-021-02837-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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19
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Sellner F, Thalhammer S, Klimpfinger M. Tumour Evolution and Seed and Soil Mechanism in Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1342. [PMID: 33809634 PMCID: PMC8002056 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In metastatic renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic metastases can appear in two clinical manifestations: (a) very rarely as isolated pancreatic metastases and (b) in the context with multi-organ metastatic disease. Both courses are characterised by rare, unusual clinical features. For isolated pancreatic metastases, the literature shows no effect on survival in all 11 publications that examined the effect of singular versus multiple pancreatic metastases; a lack of effect on survival time was also present in all 8 studies on pancreatic metastases size, in 7 of 8 studies on the influence of disease-free interval (DFI), and in 6 of 7 studies on the influence of synchronous versus metachronous metastases. In multi-organ site metastases observations, on the other hand, all five available references showed significantly better results in patients with concurrent pancreatic metastases compared to those without pancreatic metastases, although the total number of affected organs in the pancreatic metastases cohort was larger. Tumour volume-dependent risk factors thus remain surprisingly ineffective in both groups, which contradicts the usual behaviour of solid tumours. The reasons for this unusual behaviour and possible relations to tumour evolution and the hypothesis of an influence of a seed and soil mechanism in the occurrence of pancreatic metastases in metastatic renal cell carcinoma are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Thalhammer
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Vascular Surgery, Clinic Favoriten—Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, 1100 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Martin Klimpfinger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
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20
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Sakamoto S, Matsumura M, Tani K, Nemoto S, Tsuchida K, Koga F, Seyama Y. Jejunal limb obstruction by a tumor thrombus from pancreatic metastasis of renal cell carcinoma: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2021; 7:37. [PMID: 33534019 PMCID: PMC7859002 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-021-01122-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a primary tumor with the highest frequency of pancreatic metastasis. Although surgical resection can improve the prognosis of some patients with pancreatic metastasis of RCC (PM-RCC), the role of palliative surgery remains unclear. Herein, we described a case of jejunal limb occlusion caused by a tumor thrombus arising from a PM-RCC which was treated by surgical resection. CASE PRESENTATION A 75-year-old, male patient with metastatic RCC was admitted to our hospital with new-onset dysphagia and weight loss. Twenty years earlier he underwent a right nephrectomy with an adrenalectomy for the first surgical resection of RCC, and 12 years ago he underwent a left partial nephrectomy for metachronous primary RCC. Nine years later, multiple pancreatic metastases were detected. After discontinuing interferon therapy, he was followed up at his request without anticancer treatment. Multiple, pulmonary metastases developed 3 years ago, and resection of a brain metastasis was performed 6 months ago. He had also undergone a total gastrectomy with Roux-en Y reconstruction and splenectomy for gastric cancer 23 years ago. Computed tomography revealed a metastatic lesion in the pancreatic tail extending into the jejunal limb, which was obstructed by a tumor thrombus. Jejunal limb resection was performed concomitantly with a distal pancreatectomy as palliative surgery. The jejunal limb remnant was approximately 30 cm long and was re-anastomosed to the esophagus using a circular stapler. Blood perfusion at the anastomotic site was confirmed by indocyanine green fluorescence imaging. He was discharged on postoperative day 24 and was followed in the outpatient clinic. He achieved sufficient oral intake at 8 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS PM-RCC can invade the gastrointestinal tract and cause tumor thrombus formation resulting in bowel occlusion requiring surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Sakamoto
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8677, Japan
| | - Masaru Matsumura
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8677, Japan
| | - Keigo Tani
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8677, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nemoto
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8677, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tsuchida
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Koga
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuji Seyama
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8677, Japan.
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Peru N, Rebai W, Dokmak S. Laparoscopic total pancreatectomy with splenic vessels resection for pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. J Visc Surg 2021; 158:83-84. [PMID: 33454306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Peru
- Department of HPB surgery and liver transplantation, Beaujon Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - W Rebai
- Departement of digestive surgery, La Rabta hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - S Dokmak
- Department of HPB surgery and liver transplantation, Beaujon Hospital, University of Paris, AP-HP, Clichy, France.
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22
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Bauschke A, Altendorf-Hofmann A, Ali Deeb A, Kissler H, Tautenhahn HM, Settmacher U. [Surgical treatment of hepato-pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma]. Chirurg 2021; 92:948-954. [PMID: 33398387 PMCID: PMC8463519 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-020-01331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hintergrund Der Stellenwert der chirurgischen Therapie hepatopankreatischer Metastasen des oligometastasierten Nierenzellkarzinoms ist Gegenstand der aktuellen Diskussion. Material und Methoden Wir berichten über 51 Patienten, von denen 33 wegen Lebermetastasen und 19 wegen Pankreasmetastasen im Zeitraum von 1995 bis 2018 operiert wurden. Ergebnisse Die 5‑Jahres-Überlebensrate aller Patienten nach Leberteilresektion war statistisch signifikant geringer (38 %, mediane Überlebenszeit 34 Monate) als nach Pankreasresektion (69 %, mediane Überlebenszeit 69 Monaten; p = 0,017). 21 Patienten haben bislang die Metastasenentfernung länger als 5 Jahr überlebt, 4 Patienten länger als 10 Jahre. Bei den R0-resezierten Patienten wurden Rezidive in 13 Fällen nach Leber- und 9 Fällen nach Pankreasresektion beobachtet. Die kumulative Rezidivrate nach 5 Jahren betrug bei der Leber 38 % und beim Pankreas 57 %. Bei R0-Leberteilresektionen erwiesen sich ein Intervall von <24 Monaten zwischen Nephrektomie und Leberresektion sowie multiple Metastasen als negative Prognosefaktoren. Diskussion Unsere Ergebnisse gestatten eine aktive chirurgische Strategie in der Behandlung hepatopankreatischer Metastasen oligometastasierter Nierenzellkarzinome, insbesondere bei kompletter Resektion solitärer, metachroner Metastasen. Wiederholte Eingriffe bei komplett resektablen Metastasen führen zu langen tumorfreien Intervallen und tragen damit zu guten Langzeitergebnissen bei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Bauschke
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740, Jena, Deutschland.
| | - Annelore Altendorf-Hofmann
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740, Jena, Deutschland
| | - Aladdin Ali Deeb
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740, Jena, Deutschland
| | - Herman Kissler
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740, Jena, Deutschland
| | - Hans-Michael Tautenhahn
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740, Jena, Deutschland
| | - Utz Settmacher
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740, Jena, Deutschland
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23
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Vilar Tabanera A, Muñoz Muñoz P, Molina Villar JM, Gajate P, Sanjuanbenito A. Surgery of pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. Cir Esp 2020; 100:S0009-739X(20)30319-5. [PMID: 33323279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ciresp.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Vilar Tabanera
- Unidad de Cirugía general y aparto digestivo, Sección Cirugía Biliopancreática, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España.
| | - Paula Muñoz Muñoz
- Unidad de Cirugía general y aparto digestivo, Sección Cirugía Biliopancreática, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España
| | - José Manuel Molina Villar
- Unidad de Cirugía general y aparto digestivo, Sección Cirugía Biliopancreática, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España
| | - Pablo Gajate
- Unidad de Oncología Médica, Sección de tumores digestivos, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España
| | - Alfonso Sanjuanbenito
- Unidad de Cirugía general y aparto digestivo, Sección Cirugía Biliopancreática, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España
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24
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Milanetto AC, Morelli L, Di Franco G, David A, Campra D, De Paolis P, Pasquali C. A Plea for Surgery in Pancreatic Metastases from Renal Cell Carcinoma: Indications and Outcome from a Multicenter Surgical Experience. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9103278. [PMID: 33066168 PMCID: PMC7601970 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic metastases from renal-cell carcinoma (RCC-PMs) are rare. Surgery may play a role in improving overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). METHODS Clinical-pathological features, surgery and follow-up data of patients with RCC-PMs operated on in three pancreatic surgical centers (2000-2019) were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients (21 male/18 female, averaging 65 years) were enrolled. RCC-PMs were metachronous in 36 patients (mean 94 months, up to 24 years after nephrectomy), multiple in 21 patients, and with a median size of 2.5 (range, 0.7-7.5) cm. All the patients underwent pancreatic surgery (33 standard resections, 6 limited resections). Fifteen patients had post-operative complications (morbidity 38.5%). The median DFS was 63 months, and 19 out of 36 patients showed a disease recurrence. The median OS was 134 months, and 13 out of 36 patients were alive with no evidence of disease. At univariate analysis, lymph node positivity (HR 5.1, 95% CI 1.5-18), multi-visceral resection (HR 3.4, 95% CI 1.1-10) and synchronous RCC-PMs (HR 13, 95% CI 3-55) were significantly associated with a short OS. CONCLUSION Surgery may allow a DFS up to 17 years in more than one third of patients, even after limited resections. Splenectomy and lymph node dissection are not mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Caterina Milanetto
- Clinica Chirurgica 1 - Pancreatic and Endocrine Digestive Surgical Unit. Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology – University of Padua, via Giustiniani, 2 – 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-821-8831
| | - Luca Morelli
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Paradisa, 2 – 56125 Pisa, Italy; (L.M.); (G.D.F.)
| | - Gregorio Di Franco
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Paradisa, 2 – 56125 Pisa, Italy; (L.M.); (G.D.F.)
| | - Alina David
- Clinica Chirurgica 1 - Pancreatic and Endocrine Digestive Surgical Unit. Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology – University of Padua, via Giustiniani, 2 – 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (C.P.)
| | - Donata Campra
- Chirurgia Generale e d’Urgenza 3, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Corso Bramante, 88 – 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.); (P.D.P)
| | - Paolo De Paolis
- Chirurgia Generale e d’Urgenza 3, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Corso Bramante, 88 – 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.); (P.D.P)
| | - Claudio Pasquali
- Clinica Chirurgica 1 - Pancreatic and Endocrine Digestive Surgical Unit. Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology – University of Padua, via Giustiniani, 2 – 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (C.P.)
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25
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Sellner F. Isolated Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma-A Paradigm of a Seed and Soil Mechanism: A Literature Analysis of 1,034 Observations. Front Oncol 2020; 10:709. [PMID: 32547940 PMCID: PMC7273884 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously documented arguments, in favor of the suspected impact of a seed and soil mechanism, in the development and progression of isolated pancreatic metastasis of renal cell carcinomas (isPM) are: (1) uniform and independent from the side of the primary tumor distribution of isPM within the pancreas and, (2) the similar survival rates for singular and multiple isPM. In addition, the present study adds new arguments that further confirm the importance of an seed and soil mechanism in isPM: (1) Within the singular isPM, the size of the metastasis does not affect the overall survival; (2) Within the group of multiple isPMs, the overall survival does not depend on the number of metastases; (3) For synchronous and metachronous isPM, survival rates are also not different, and (4) Within the group of metachronous isPM there is also no correlation between the overall survival and interval until metastases occurs. This unusual ineffectiveness of otherwise known risk factors of solid cancers can be explained plausibly by the hypothesis of a very selective seed and soil mechanism in isPM. It only allows embolized renal carcinoma cells in the pancreas to complete all steps required to grow into clinically manifest metastases. In all other organs, on the other hand, the body is able to eliminate the embolized tumor cells or at least put them into a dormant state for many years. This minimizes the risk of occult micrometastases in distant organs, which could later—after isPM treatment—grow into clinically manifest metastases, so that the prognosis of the isPM is only determined by an adequate therapy of the pancreatic foci, and prognostic factors, such as total tumor burden or interval until the occurrence of the isPM remain ineffective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Surgical Department, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Brozzetti S, Bini S, De Lio N, Lombardo C, Boggi U. Surgical-only treatment of pancreatic and extra-pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma - quality of life and survival analysis. BMC Surg 2020; 20:101. [PMID: 32404091 PMCID: PMC7218538 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-020-00757-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment of pancreatic metastases (PM) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is still an issue between surgeons and oncologists, in the era of target-therapy. Methods Data from 26 patients undergoing resection of PM and extra-PM from RCC, with R0 intention were retrospectively analysed. No one received adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients were divided into two groups; Group A comprehends 14 patients who developed synchronous (5) or methacronous (9) extra-PM. Group B comprehends 12 patients that developed PM only. Results No intraoperative mortality was recorded. Complications occurred in 14 patients (53.8%), all but 2 (7.26%) were graded I and II according to Clavien-Dindo classification. Recurrences occurred in 8 patients (30.8%), of whom, 5 (62.5%) were submitted for further resections in other sites. Three-, five- and ten-year observed overall survival were respectively 88,5% [95%CI: 0,56 – 1,33], 76,9% [95%CI: 0,47 – 1,19] and 50% [95%CI: 0,20 – 1,03]. Disease-free survival was 65,4% [95%CI: 0,38 – 1,05], at 3 years, 57,7% [95%CI 0,323 – 0,952] at 5 years and 42,9% [95%CI 0,157 – 0,933], at 10 years. QoL analysis, through WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, assessed at last available follow up revealed a mean score of 75,9 ± 11,6 on 100 points. Conclusion Despite no significant differences in survival between patients affected by Pancreatic or Extra-Pancreatic metastases, PM patients seems to show better outcome when managed surgically. mRCC patients, eligible for radical metastasectomy, tend to have long survival rates, reduced recurrence rates and good QoL. Study registration This paper was registered retrospectively in ClinicalTrials.gov with Identification number: NCT03670992.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Brozzetti
- Surgical Department "Pietro Valdoni", Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone Bini
- Surgical Department "Pietro Valdoni", Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Nelide De Lio
- Division of General and Transplantation Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlo Lombardo
- Division of General and Transplantation Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Boggi
- Division of General and Transplantation Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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27
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Jaen-Torrejimeno I, Rojas-Holguín A, López-Guerra D, Ramia JM, Blanco-Fernández G. Pancreatic resection for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. A systematic review. HPB (Oxford) 2020; 22:479-486. [PMID: 31672281 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) can lead to secondary pancreatic tumors even years after nephrectomy was performed. Surgical resection in selected patients shows appropriate survival rates. METHODS A systematic review was performed following PRISMA guidelines. This review finished in May 2019 and included patients with resected pancreatic metastasis(es). The main purpose was to evaluate the results of surgical resection of pancreatic tumors secondary to kidney cancer. RESULTS After the screening process of articles, 21 were selected for the systematic review, which included 354 patients, whose disease-free interval (DFI) was 105.11 (0-361.56) months. Of these patients, 34.6% had additional metastases elsewhere at the time of the surgery, and 48.6% were symptomatic. Postoperative morbidity was 40.2%, The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 53.9% (26-75). CONCLUSION Pancreatic surgery for the resection of RCC metastasis(es) is considered safe and shows low morbidity and mortality rates among selected patients in medical institutions where this type of procedure is commonly performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Jaen-Torrejimeno
- Department of HBP and Liver Transplant Surgery, University Complex Hospital Badajoz, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Adela Rojas-Holguín
- Department of HBP and Liver Transplant Surgery, University Complex Hospital Badajoz, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Diego López-Guerra
- Department of HBP and Liver Transplant Surgery, University Complex Hospital Badajoz, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Jose M Ramia
- Department of Surgery, Guadalajara University Hospital, University of Alcala, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Gerardo Blanco-Fernández
- Department of HBP and Liver Transplant Surgery, University Complex Hospital Badajoz, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
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Chikhladze S, Lederer AK, Kühlbrey CM, Hipp J, Sick O, Fichtner-Feigl S, Wittel UA. Curative-intent pancreas resection for pancreatic metastases: surgical and oncological results. Clin Exp Metastasis 2020; 37:313-324. [PMID: 32095913 PMCID: PMC7138763 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-020-10029-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Pancreatic metastasis is a rare cause for pancreas surgery and often a sign of advanced disease no chance of curative-intent treatment. However, surgery for metastasis might be a promising approach to improve patients’ survival. The aim of this study was to analyze the surgical and oncological outcome after pancreatic resection of pancreatic metastasis. Methods This is a retrospective cohort analysis of a prospectively-managed database of patients undergoing pancreatic resection at the University of Freiburg Pancreatic Center from 2005 to 2017. Results In total, 29 of 1297 (2%) patients underwent pancreatic resection due to pancreatic metastasis. 20 (69%) patients showed metastasis of renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), followed by metastasis of melanoma (n = 5, 17%), colon cancer (n = 2, 7%), ovarian cancer (n = 1, 3%) and neuroendocrine tumor of small intestine (n = 1, 3%). Two (7%) patients died perioperatively. Median follow-up was 76.4 (range 21–132) months. 5-year and overall survival rates were 82% (mRCC 89% vs. non-mRCC 67%) and 70% (mRCC 78% vs. non-mRCC 57%), respectively. Patients with mRCC had shorter disease-free survival (14 vs. 22 months) than patients with other primary tumor entities. Conclusion Despite malignant disease, overall survival of patients after metastasectomy for pancreatic metastasis is acceptable. Better survival appears to be associated with the primary tumor entity. Further research should focus on molecular markers to elucidate the mechanisms of pancreatic metastasis to choose the suitable therapeutic approach for the individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Chikhladze
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
| | - Ann-Kathrin Lederer
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Hospital Infection Control, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 115b, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Christian M Kühlbrey
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Julian Hipp
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Olivia Sick
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Stefan Fichtner-Feigl
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Uwe A Wittel
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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29
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Sellner F. Observations on Solitary Versus Multiple Isolated Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Another Indication of a Seed and Soil Mechanism? Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1379. [PMID: 31533220 PMCID: PMC6770877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated pancreas metastases are a rare type of metastasis of renal cell carcinoma, characterized by the presence of pancreatic metastases, while all other organs remain unaffected. In a previous study, we determined arguments from the literature which (a) indicate a systemic-haematogenic metastasis route (uniform distribution of the metastases across the pancreas and independence of the metastatic localization in the pancreas of the side of the renal carcinoma); and (b) postulate a high impact of a seed and soil mechanism (SSM) on isolated pancreatic metastasis of renal cell carcinoma (isPM) as an explanation for exclusive pancreatic metastases, despite a systemic haematogenous tumor cell embolization. The objective of the study presented was to search for further arguments in favor of an SSM with isPM. For that purpose, the factor's histology, grading, and singular/multiple pancreas metastases were analyzed on the basis of 814 observations published up to 2018. While histology and grading allowed for no conclusions regarding the importance of an SSM, the comparison of singular/multiple pancreas metastases produced arguments in favor of an SSM: 1. The multiple pancreas metastases observed in 38.1% prove that multiple tumor cell embolisms occur with isPM, the exclusive "maturation" of which in the pancreas requires an SSM; 2. The survival rates (SVR), which are consistent with singular and multiple pancreas metastases (despite the higher total tumor load with the latter), prove that the metastasized tumor cells are not able to survive in all other organs because of an SSM, which results in identical SVR when the pancreatic foci are treated adequately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Surgical Department, Kaiser-Franz-Josef-Hospital, 1100 Wien, Austria.
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30
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Glinka J, Sanchez Claria R, Ardiles V, de Santibañes E, Pekolj J, de Santibañes M, Mazza O. The pancreas as a target of metastasis from renal cell carcinoma: Results of surgical treatment in a single institution. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2019; 23:240-244. [PMID: 31501812 PMCID: PMC6728257 DOI: 10.14701/ahbps.2019.23.3.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds/Aims Metastasis in the pancreatic gland is infrequent, representing between 2-5% of the tumors that affect this organ. However, secondary lesions of clear cell renal carcinoma (CCRC) can occur mainly in this location and it is frequently the only site of dissemination. Treatment of choice is resection in surgically fit patients, as it has been shown that it improves the quality of life and prognosis substantially. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients with pancreatic resections for metastatic CCRC since there are no reports of the treatment modality of this singular entity in Argentina. Methods Retrospective cohort analysis over a 10-year period including eight patients who underwent pancreatic resection for metastatic CCRC. Results 75% of patients were male with an average age of 65.5 years. The pancreatic surgery occurred at a median time of 9.2 years (1-24.8) from the renal operation. The pancreatic lesions were mostly solitary and asymptomatic. A pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) was performed in 4 patients (50%). Distal pancreatectomy (DP) was performed in 3 patients (37.3%) and one patient (12.5%) underwent a total pancreaticoduodenectomy. All the patients presented a confirmatory biopsy of pancreatic metastasis of CCRC. Complications were recorded in 3 patients (42.85%). No intraoperative or postoperative mortality was registered. With a median follow-up of 45 months, three patients presented recurrence at 32, 46 and 51 months, respectively. Only one patient showed death due to recurrence at 7.8 month. Conclusions CCRC pancreatic metastases treated surgically have a low morbidity and mortality rate in high volume centers, showing excellent long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Glinka
- Department of General Surgery, Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Sanchez Claria
- Department of General Surgery, Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Victoria Ardiles
- Department of General Surgery, Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo de Santibañes
- Department of General Surgery, Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Pekolj
- Department of General Surgery, Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín de Santibañes
- Department of General Surgery, Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar Mazza
- Department of General Surgery, Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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31
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Resection of pancreatic metastatic renal cell carcinoma: experience and long-term survival outcome from a large center in China. Int J Clin Oncol 2019; 24:686-693. [PMID: 30847618 PMCID: PMC6525119 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-019-01399-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to determine the outcome of pancreatic metastatic renal cell carcinoma (PmRCC) after treatment and share the relevent results. Methods In total, 13 patients with PmRCC were diagnosed and treated in our institution from December 2013 to October 2017. We retrospectively reviewed the records and analyzed the patient demographics, perioperative outcomes, and overall survival. Simultaneously, our experience including treatment and misdiagnosis was shared. Results The median time between nephrectomy and reoperation for pancreatic recurrence was 11 years (range 1–20 years). Four patients had multiple tumors and nine patients had solitary tumor. Five patients accepted distal pancreatectomy, and five patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. One patient underwent total pancreatectomy, one patient underwent duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection plus distal pancreatectomy, and one patient underwent exploratory laparotomy and gastrointestinal bypass due to widespread metastasis with clear obstructive symptoms. The misdiagnosis rate of preoperative diagnosis at our center was 69.2% (9/13). The median follow-up duration was 26 months (range 7–53 months, until June 2018). By the end of follow-up, 12 patients were alive and one patient died of gastrointestinal bleeding within 1 month after surgery. Conclusions PmRCCs are uncommon, but pancreatic metastasectomy has a relatively good prognosis and may, therefore, be a good therapeutic choice for patients with PmRCCs. Because PmRCC occurs long after the primary tumor resection, long-term follow-up is necessary. Besides, detailed medical history and specific manifestation in imaging features could contribute to avoiding misdiagnosis.
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Jo S, Yang IJ, Song S. Surgery for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the pancreatic head: A case report and literature review. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2019; 23:91-95. [PMID: 30863817 PMCID: PMC6405370 DOI: 10.14701/ahbps.2019.23.1.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors that metastasize to the pancreas are rare. Among them, renal cell carcinoma is the most common. Surgical resection is more effective in treatment for patients with pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma, although targeted therapy is applied, to advanced renal cell carcinoma. It is essential to know exact medical history of the patient, because metastasis can occur late after nephrectomy. Surgical procedure may vary, depending on location and number of tumors. We report a case of resection of a pancreatic head tumor, 20 years after nephrectomy due to renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungho Jo
- Department of Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - In Jun Yang
- Department of Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sanghyun Song
- Department of Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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Liu X, Feng F, Wang T, Qin J, Yin X, Meng G, Yan C, Xing Z, Duan J, Liu C, Liu J. Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy for metastatic pancreatic melanoma: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12940. [PMID: 30383642 PMCID: PMC6221747 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Pancreatic metastases from other malignant tumors are an uncommon clinical condition and account for approximately 2% of all pancreatic malignancies. The most common primary malignancy that metastasizes to pancreas is renal cell cancer. We reported a rare clinical case of metastatic melanoma to pancreas who underwent a successful laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) at our department. PATIENT CONCERNS A 54-year-old Chinese man complaining an unexplained jaundice was found to have a pancreatic mass and he was diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma (CM) 6 years ago. DIAGNOSES Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) revealed a solid hypovascular mass measuring about 3.1 × 2.4 cm localized at the junction of pancreatic head and uncinate process, which compressed the lower common bile duct resulting in expansion of the upstream bile ducts. INTERVENTIONS We performed an LPD and regional lymphadenectomy on this patient. OUTCOMES This patient was discharged home on postoperative day 19. Postoperative pathological results revealed a malignant melanoma with negative margins. Immunohistochemical (IHC) findings also suggested a malignant pancreatic tumor accompanied by necrosis and pigmentation, which confirmed the pathological diagnosis. Immunoreactivity was strongly positive for anti-S-100 protein (+++) and positive for anti-Vimentin (+). The cancer cells were negative for CEA, CK8/18, P53, Violin, CK19, SMA with Ki-67 over 40%. So this pancreatic mass was proved to be a metastatic pancreatic melanoma from the primary cutaneous lesion. After LPD, this patient was followed up by readmission to hospital every 2 month in the first half year. The serum bilirubin and tumor markers such as CA199 were normal. CECT and did not find any newly developed neoplasm at the pancreas or metastasis at other organs. At the last follow-up at 6 months after LPD, the patient's general condition was acceptable and the physical examination and imaging studies revealed no significant findings of melanoma. LESSONS Metastatic pancreatic tumors are often associated with well-defined margins, tumor necrosis, enhancement, and distant metastases without pancreatic duct dilatation and parenchymal atrophy. As the most common type of metastatic pancreatic tumor, renal cell cancers tend to have higher attenuation values than that of primary pancreatic cancer, while they had similar attenuation values on the portal phase. Primary pancreatic cancer was always associated with an elevated CA199, total bilirubin, and fasting plasma glucose levels. Surgical resection for metastases to pancreas should be aggressively considered in selected patients due to its unique value of providing palliation and a chance to cure. For patients with unresectable lesions, new therapeutic protocols should be recommended such as the combination of BRAF with MEK inhibitor and PD-1 blocker with or without ipilimumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Liu
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang
| | - Feng Feng
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang
| | - Tianyang Wang
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang
| | - Jianzhang Qin
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang
| | | | | | - Changqing Yan
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang
| | | | - Jiayue Duan
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang
| | - Chen Liu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang
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Ito T, Takada R, Omoto S, Tsuda M, Masuda D, Kato H, Matsumoto T, Moriyama I, Okabe Y, Shiomi H, Ishida E, Hatamaru K, Hashimoto S, Tanaka K, Kawamoto H, Yanagisawa A, Katayama T, Yazumi S. Analysis of Prognostic Factors in Pancreatic Metastases: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis. Pancreas 2018; 47:1033-1039. [PMID: 30048381 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pancreatic metastases (PMs) account for 1% to 2% of pancreatic tumors, and their prognostic significance is poorly defined. We evaluated the incidence and clinical characteristics of primary tumors and defined prognostic factors. METHODS This retrospective study of 39 Japanese tertiary referral hospitals (January 2005 to August 2015) analyzed patient and tumor characteristics and survival time. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were applied to evaluate overall survival and prognostic factors, respectively. RESULTS We enrolled 159 patients with a pathologic diagnosis of PM. The most common primary tumor was renal cell carcinoma (38.4%), followed by lung cancer (24.5%), colorectal cancer (11.3%), and sarcoma (6.3%). Eight patients were lost during follow-up, and 151 patients were included for statistical analysis. Median overall survival was 43.0 months, and the 5-year survival rate was 42.6%. Multivariate analysis identified 3 independent prognostic factors: extrapancreatic metastasis (hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-4.07; P = 0.02), tumor-related symptoms at diagnosis (hazard ratio, 5.39; 95% confidence interval, 2.92-9.91; P < 0.001), and pathologic diagnosis of primary tumors (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Treatment strategies and prognoses for PMs completely differ according to the primary tumor type. A definitive pathologic diagnosis of PMs is essential for selecting the appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryoji Takada
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Omoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Tsuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Masuda
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Hironari Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Moriyama
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Shimane University Hospital, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Okabe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Shiomi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Etsuji Ishida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hatamaru
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Society, Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kawamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akio Yanagisawa
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiro Katayama
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, Himeji Dokkyo University School of Health Care Sciences, Himeji, Japan
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Sellner F. Isolated pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma: an outcome of a special metastatic pathway or of specific tumor cell selection? Clin Exp Metastasis 2018; 35:91-102. [PMID: 29948649 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-018-9910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Isolated pancreatic metastases (isPM) are a rare metastasizing pattern in the natural history of renal cell cancer. Their clinical hallmark is that they are confined to a single organ, the pancreas, while all other organs are unaffected for a long time. Almost all workers in the field suggested that mechanical tumor cell propagation to the pancreas may be the mechanism underlying this metastasizing pattern. In 2006 our group, by contrast, proposed an alternative mechanism, i.e. a special affinity of the tumor cells for the pancreas. In the present study an attempt was made to shed more light on the settlement of isPM by reviewing recent literature data. 666 observations of isPM reported in the literature were reviewed. The analyses showed that local lymphatic spread does not play a major role because the lymphatic system is, in general, rarely involved in isPM. This also applies to a local venous spread, because the site of pancreatic metastases is independent of the side affected by the primary renal cancer. But the results are compatible with a systemic metastatic pathway. That metastases in other organs, which would be expected given a systemic spread, are absent can plausibly be explained by a seed and soil mechanism: only the pancreas offers the tumor cell emboli an environment which is conducive to the growth of clinically manifest metastases, while settlement of metastatic tumor cells is prevented in all other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Surgical Department, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, Kundratstraße 3, A 1100, Vienna, Austria.
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Chatzizacharias NA, Rosich-Medina A, Dajani K, Harper S, Huguet E, Liau SS, Praseedom RK, Jah A. Surgical management of hepato-pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2017; 9:70-77. [PMID: 28255428 PMCID: PMC5314203 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v9.i2.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the outcomes of liver and pancreatic resections for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastatic disease.
METHODS This is a retrospective, single centre review of liver and/or pancreatic resections for RCC metastases between January 2003 and December 2015. Descriptive statistical analysis and survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier estimation were performed.
RESULTS Thirteen patients had 7 pancreatic and 7 liver resections, with median follow-up 33 mo (range: 3-98). Postoperative complications were recorded in 5 cases, with no postoperative mortality. Three patients after hepatic and 5 after pancreatic resection developed recurrent disease. Median overall survival was 94 mo (range: 23-94) after liver and 98 mo (range: 3-98) after pancreatic resection. Disease-free survival was 10 mo (range 3-55) after liver and 28 mo (range 3-53) after pancreatic resection.
CONCLUSION Our study shows that despite the high incidence of recurrence, long term survival can be achieved with resection of hepatic and pancreatic RCC metastases in selected cases and should be considered as a management option in patients with oligometastatic disease.
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Boussios S, Zerdes I, Batsi O, Papakostas VP, Seraj E, Pentheroudakis G, Glantzounis GK. Pancreatic resection for renal cell carcinoma metastasis: An exceptionally rare coexistence. Int J Surg Case Rep 2016; 27:198-201. [PMID: 27661665 PMCID: PMC5035354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2016.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
RCC is the predominant primary tumor for isolated pancreatic metastases. Pancreatic metastases from RCC generally tends to slow growth and indolent behavior. Surgical resection may be curative and should be considered in selected patients. It is still controversial whether to perform typical or atypical surgical procedures. Pancreatic metastasis after a prolonged period may imply change in tumor biology.
Introduction Pancreatic metastases are uncommon and only found in a minority of patients with widespread metastatic disease at autopsy. The most common primary cancer site resulting in pancreatic metastases is the kidney, followed by colorectal cancer, melanoma, breast cancer, lung carcinoma and sarcoma. Presentation of case Herein, we report a 63-year-old male patient who presented −3.5 years after radical nephrectomy performed for renal cell carcinoma (RCC)-with a well-defined lobular, round mass at the body of the pancreas demonstrated by abdominal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The patient underwent distal pancreatectomy combined with splenectomy and cholecystectomy. Histopathological examination revealed clusters of epithelial clear cells, immunohistochemically positive for RCC marker, and negative for CD10 and CA19-9. A final diagnosis of clear RCC metastasizing to pancreas was obtained in view of the past history of RCC, microscopy and the immunoprofile. This was the second metachronous disease recurrence after a previous metastatic involvement of the liver, developed 19 months from the initial diagnosis. The patient has remained well at a 6 month follow up post-resection. Discussion Solitary pancreatic metastases may be misdiagnosed as primary pancreatic cancer. However, imaging including computed tomography (CT) and MRI, may discriminate between them. Surgical procedures could differentiate solitary metastasis from neuroendocrine neoplasms. The optimal resection strategy involves adequate resection margins and maximal tissue preservation of the pancreas. Conclusion Recently, an increasing number of surgical resections have been performed in selected patients with limited metastatic disease to the pancreas. In addition, a rigid follow-up scheme, including endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and CT is essential give patients a chance for a prolonged life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchou Avenue, 45110 Greece.
| | - Ioannis Zerdes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchou Avenue, 45110 Greece
| | - Ourania Batsi
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchou Avenue, 45110 Greece
| | | | - Esmeralda Seraj
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchou Avenue, 45110 Greece
| | - George Pentheroudakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchou Avenue, 45110 Greece
| | - George K Glantzounis
- HPB Unit, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Ioannina and Medical School, University of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchou Avenue, 45110 Greece
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Sbitti Y, Seddik H, Debbagh A, Benani F, Slimani K, Mahi M, Tarchouli M, Aitali A, Albouzidi A, Errihani H, Ichou M. Metachronous pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma: is there a place of Active-Surveillance before deferred deliberately Molecular Target Agent? World J Surg Oncol 2016; 14:222. [PMID: 27553296 PMCID: PMC4995784 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-016-0939-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metastatic renal cell cancer is a heterogeneous disease due to its diverse morphological features, the prognostic categories based on clinical criteria. Sometimes indolent course without any significant symptoms can be differentiated before the introduction of novel targeted agents. This observation led to interest in a strategy of deferring systemic therapy in the era of effective systemic therapies. Case presentation We report of a 78-year-old Moroccan man with pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma which occurred 14 years from right nephrectomy. Indolent disease based on body computed tomography imaging with 4 years follow-up was recognized. Active surveillance with deferred antiangiogenic multikinase inhibitor at disease progression was proposed. Nowadays, the patient is under oncological follow-up, he is in a good state of health, and he is disease-free for 48 months from the diagnosis of the tumor and for 20 months from the start of the treatment with Sunitinib Conclusions Active surveillance before target therapy may be a suitable approach to ensure long progression-free survival with minimal side-effects and better quality of life in asymptomatic, low-volume, metastatic disease. Further prospective studies with biomarker validation are required to define the patients most likely to benefit from this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassir Sbitti
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Military Hospital, Rabat, 10000, Morocco. .,Department Medical Oncology, Teaching University Military Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fes, Hay Ryad, Rabat, 10000, Morocco.
| | - Hassan Seddik
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Military Hospital, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Adil Debbagh
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Military Hospital, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Fahd Benani
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Military Hospital, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Khaoula Slimani
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Military Hospital, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Mahi
- Department of Pathology, University Military Hospital of Instruction, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Tarchouli
- Department of Surgery, University Military Hospital of Instruction, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Abdelmounaim Aitali
- Department of Pathology, University Military Hospital of Instruction, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Abderrahmane Albouzidi
- Department of Radiology, University Military Hospital of Instruction, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Hassan Errihani
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ichou
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Military Hospital, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
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Rausch S, Kruck S, Walter K, Stenzl A, Bedke J. Metastasectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the era of modern systemic treatment: C-reactive protein is an independent predictor of overall survival. Int J Urol 2016; 23:916-921. [PMID: 27520319 DOI: 10.1111/iju.13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define the predictive capability of serum C-reactive protein for a contemporary patient collective undergoing metastasectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with access to modern targeted therapies. METHODS A total of 88 patients treated with metastasectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma from 2003 to 2014 were evaluated for putative clinicopathological risk factors and survival. Kaplan-Meier analyses, univariate and multivariate testing were carried out. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was applied to evaluate available risk stratification instruments for patients undergoing metastasectomy. RESULTS Median overall survival for the collective was 66.31 months (95% confidence interval 50.67-135.47; 5-year overall survival 55%). The median preoperative C-reactive protein level was 6.7 mg/L (range 0.1-161.7). A C-reactive protein cut-off value of 5 mg/dL was significantly discriminative of survival (P = 0.029). Median survival in dependence of C-reactive protein accounted for 50.67 months (range 33.86-63.05 months) in the C-reactive protein >5 mg/L group, and 135.47 months in the C-reactive protein ≤5 mg/L group (range 66.31-135.47 months). C-reactive protein elevation >5 mg/L, anemia and surgical margin status were identified as significant predictors of overall survival in univariate analysis. In a multivariate model, resection margin status (P = 0.015) and C-reactive protein elevation (P = 0.038) were confirmed as independent predictive variables. CONCLUSIONS Elevated C-reactive protein >5 mg/L was identified as an independent predictor of survival in a contemporary patient collective undergoing metastasectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Future analyses and risk stratification tools for patients undergoing metastasectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma should aim to evaluate and include C-reactive protein. To overcome low patient numbers, multi-institutional studies should be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Rausch
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Stephan Kruck
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Walter
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jens Bedke
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
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Kang TW, Kim SH, Lee J, Kim AY, Jang KM, Choi D, Kim MJ. Differentiation between pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma and hypervascular neuroendocrine tumour: Use of relative percentage washout value and its clinical implication. Eur J Radiol 2015; 84:2089-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kalra S, Atkinson BJ, Matrana MR, Matin SF, Wood CG, Karam JA, Tamboli P, Sircar K, Rao P, Corn PG, Tannir NM, Jonasch E. Prognosis of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic metastases. BJU Int 2015; 117:761-5. [PMID: 26032863 DOI: 10.1111/bju.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with pancreatic metastases (PM) treated with either pazopanib or sunitinib and assess whether PM is an independent prognostic variable in the current therapeutic environment. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective review of patients with mRCC in an outpatient clinic was carried out for the period January 2006 to November 2011. Patient characteristics, including demographics, laboratory data and outcomes, were analysed. Baseline characteristics were compared using chi-squared and t-tests and overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. Predictors of OS were analysed using Cox regression. RESULTS A total of 228 patients were reviewed, of whom 44 (19.3%) had PM and 184 (81.7%) had metastases to sites other than the pancreas. The distribution of baseline characteristics was equal in both groups, with the exception of a higher incidence of previous nephrectomy, diabetes and number of metastatic sites in the PM group. Four patients had isolated PM, but the majority of patients (68%) with PM had at least three different organ sites of metastases, as compared with 29% in patients without PM (P < 0.01). The distribution of organ sites of metastases was similar, excluding the pancreas, in those with and those without PM (P > 0.05). The median OS was 39 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 24-57, hazard ratio 0.66, 95% CI 0.42-0.94; P = 0.02) for patients with PM, compared with 26 months (95% CI 21-31) for patients without PM (P < 0.01). CSS was 42 months (95% CI 30-57) in the PM group and 27 months (95% CI 22-33) in the control group (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Despite a higher number of affected organ sites in the PM cohort, mRCC behaviour in this cohort appears to be more indolent, as demonstrated by a higher median OS. These findings suggest that host or tumour features associated with PM may represent a less aggressive tumour phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarathi Kalra
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Surena F Matin
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Jose A Karam
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pheroze Tamboli
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kanishka Sircar
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Priya Rao
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul G Corn
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nizar M Tannir
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Jonasch
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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