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Lohasammakul S, Lee SJ, Suppasilp C, Sirivongs N, Koedpuech K, Numwong T, Ratanalekha R, Han HH. A clinical application for arterial coupling and histomorphometric comparison of internal mammary and thoracodorsal arteries for safe use. Microsurgery 2024; 44:e31214. [PMID: 39031998 DOI: 10.1002/micr.31214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In breast reconstruction, arterial coupling has been reported to be more favorable in the thoracodorsal artery (TDA) than the internal mammary artery (IMA). This technique may help overcome anastomosis in a small, deep space. Understanding the arteries' mechanical properties is crucial for breast reconstruction's safety and success. METHODS Abdominal-based free flap breast reconstructions performed by a single surgeon between 2020 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were classified by microanastomosis technique (handsewn and coupler device) to compare the rate of vascular revision. Histomorphometric analysis of arterial coupling in TDA and IMA was performed in 10 fresh cadavers for comparing wall thickness and composition, including densities of elastic fiber, smooth muscle, and collagen. RESULTS A total of 309 patients (339 reconstructed breasts) were included. There were 29 patients in the TDA handsewn group (A), 38 patients in the TDA coupler group (B), and 242 patients in the IMA handsewn group (C). The rates of arterial revision in groups A, B, and C were 0.00% (95%CI: 0.00%-11.03%), 2.5% (95%CI: 0.44%-12.88%), and 1.49% (95%CI: 0.58%-3.77%), respectively, with no statistically significant differences (p-value = .694). Histologically, the thickness of the tunica media and adventitia between IMA and TDA showed no significant difference. The density of elastic fiber was significantly higher in IMA (16.70%) than in TDA (0.79%) (p-value <.001). CONCLUSION The histologic characteristics of TDA are more favorable for arterial coupling than those of IMA. Arterial coupling is a safe option in situations where TDA anastomosis must be performed through a narrow and deep incision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suphalerk Lohasammakul
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Joon Lee
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaiyawat Suppasilp
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natawan Sirivongs
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kasem Koedpuech
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Terasut Numwong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rosarin Ratanalekha
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hyun Ho Han
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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Chang YL, Sae-Lim C, Lin SL, Lai HW, Huang HI, Lai YC, Chen ST, Chen DR. Scarless totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) implantation: Surgical technique, preliminary results, learning curve, and patients-reported outcome in 125 breast cancer patients. Surg Oncol 2024; 53:102048. [PMID: 38412756 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2024.102048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimal-access (endoscopic or robotic-assisted) breast surgery has been increasingly performed and shown better cosmetic results. However, location of totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) for systemic treatment at anterior chest may compromise its aesthetic benefits. Therefore, we proposed a new scarless technique for TIVAP implantation, and reported the preliminary results, learning curve, and patients-surveyed outcome. METHODS Surgical technique of the new "scarless" TIVAP implantation was proposed. Patients receiving this procedure in a single institution were included. The preliminary results of the scarless TIVAP implantation, learning curve, and patient-reported outcome were analyzed and reported. RESULTS A total of 125 breast cancer patients received scarless TIVAP procedures were enrolled. The primary success rate of the scarless TIVAP implantation was 100%. Mean operative time was 46 ± 14 min. Mean amount of blood loss was 8.5 ± 3.2 ml. The cumulative sum plot showed operation time significantly decreased after 24th cases. In the initial learning phase, the mean operative time was 55 ± 17 min, and decreased to 43 ± 12 min in the later mature phase (P = 0.003). There were 5 (4%) complications detected, which included 1 (0.8%) seroma formation, 2 (1.6%) revisions, and 2 (1.6%) unplanned explantations. From patients-evaluated questionnaires, more than 90% of responders were satisfied with aesthetic results, experience during surgery, and application of scarless TIVAP for systemic therapy. CONCLUSIONS The scarless TIVAP implantation is a safe & reliable procedure with high patients-reported aesthetic satisfaction, and could be an alternative TIVAP procedure for patients requiring chemotherapy and desiring a less noticeable scar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Chang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Division of Breast Surgery, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Yuanlin, Taiwan.
| | - Chayanee Sae-Lim
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Shih-Lung Lin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Wen Lai
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Division of Breast Surgery, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Yuanlin, Taiwan; Endoscopic & Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Minimal Invasive Surgery Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-I Huang
- Department of Information Management, National Sun-Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Chieh Lai
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Shou-Tung Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Dar-Ren Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
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Sae-Lim C, Lai HW, Lin SL, Huang HI, Chen ST, Chen DR. Is minimal-accessed (endoscopic- or robotic-assisted) nipple-sparing mastectomy contraindicated for large breasts? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024; 50:108030. [PMID: 38402736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the developmental stage of minimal-accessed nipple-sparing mastectomy (MA-NSM), selecting patients with small to medium-sized breasts was common for better cosmetic outcomes and oncological safety. However, the suitability of MA-NSM for large, ptotic breasts remained uncertain. This retrospective study aim to assess MA-NSM outcomes in patients with large breasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included patients receiving conventional NSM (C-NSM) and MA-NSM from January 2011 to September 2022, at a single institution. We analyzed perioperative parameters and clinical outcomes based on breast specimen size, classified as small (≤300 g), medium (>300-450 g), large (>450-600 g), and very large (>600 g). RESULTS A total of 728 patients was enrolled. C-NSM was performed in 51% (371/728) of cases, while MA-NSM was done in 49% (357/728). The overall complication rate of MA-NSM was comparable to C-NSM (p = 0.573), but severe complications (Clavien-Dindo, CD III) was significantly reported more following C-NSM, regardless of breast size. During a median follow-up of 52 months, no significant difference in oncological outcomes was observed. Comparing MA-NSM and C-NSM outcomes in large-very large breasts (>450 g), MA-NSM demonstrated significantly less blood loss (p = 0.036) and lower incidence of severe complications (CD ≥ III) compared to C-NSM (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION MA-NSM is feasible for large breasts and offers benefits by reducing blood loss and decreasing the incidence of severe complications (CD ≥ III) in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayanee Sae-Lim
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Hung-Wen Lai
- Endoscopic & Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Minimal Invasive Surgery Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Breast Surgery, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Yuanlin, Taiwan; Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Lung Lin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-I Huang
- Department of Information Management, National Sun-Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shou-Tung Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Dar-Ren Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
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Chung K, Xie Y, Liang F, Qiu M, Yang H, Zhang Q, Dai H, Du Z. Reverse-sequence endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate implant-based breast reconstruction: an improvement of conventional minimal access breast surgery. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1366877. [PMID: 38511135 PMCID: PMC10951398 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1366877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Our center proposes a new technique that effectively provides space to broaden the surgical field of view and overcomes the limitations of endoscopy-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (E-NSM) by changing the dissection sequence and combining it with air inflation. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of the new technique designated "reverse-sequence endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (R-E-NSM) with subpectoral breast reconstruction (SBR)" and the conventional E-NSM (C-E-NSM) with SBR. Method All patients undergoing E-NSM with SBR at our breast center between April 2017 and December 2022 were included in this study. The cohort was divided into the C-E-NSM group and the R-E-NSM group. The operation time, anesthesia time, medical cost, complications, cosmetic outcomes, and oncological safety were compared. Results Twenty-six and seventy-nine consecutive patients were included in the C-E-NSM and R-E-NSM groups, with average ages of 36.9 ± 7.0 years and 39.7 ± 8.4 years (P=0.128). Patients in the R-E-NSM group had significantly shorter operation time (204.6 ± 59.2 vs. 318.9 ± 75.5 minutes, p<0.001) and anesthesia time (279.4 ± 83.9 vs. 408.9 ± 87.4 minutes, p<0.001) and decreased medical costs [5063.4 (4439.6-6532.3) vs. 6404.2 (5152.5-7981.5), USD, p=0.001] and increase SCAR-Q scores (77.2 ± 17.1 vs. 68.8 ± 8.7, P=0.002) compared to the C-E-NSM group. Although trends increased in both the excellent rate of Ueda scores (53.8% vs. 42.3%, P = 0.144), excellent rate of Harris scores (44.0% vs. 63.1%, P=0.102), and decreased surgical complications (7.6% vs. 19.2%, P = 0.135) were observed in the R-E-NSM group, the differences were not significant. There were no significant differences in oncological outcomes between the two groups. Conclusion R-E-NSM improves cosmetic outcomes and efficiency of C-E-NSM, reduces medical costs, and has a trend of lower surgical complications while maintaining the safety of oncology. It is a safe and feasible option for oncological procedures that deserves to be promoted and widely adopted in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawun Chung
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyan Xie
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Faqing Liang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengxue Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanzuo Yang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Dai
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenggui Du
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Feng Y, Liang F, Wen N, Yang H, Zhou J, Zhang S, Liu X, Qiu M, Xie Y, Du Z. An Innovative and Highly Efficient Single-Port Endoscopic Nipple-/Skin-Sparing Mastectomy and Dual-Plane Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction: A Prospective Study from a Single Institution. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024; 48:1133-1141. [PMID: 37253841 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The difficulty in creating and maintaining a stable workspace of the breast makes endoscopic nipple-/skin-spring mastectomy (E-N/SSM) develop slowly. This study aims to report the preliminary results of a novel endoscopic technique for N/SSM followed by dual-plane direct-to-implant (DP-DTI) breast reconstruction. METHODS A prospectively maintained database was reviewed that included patients who underwent single-axillary-incision E-N/SSM and DP-DTI breast reconstruction from September 2020 to April 2021 at a single institution by three surgeons. The data were collected prospectively and analyzed to determine the efficacy, feasibility, safety, and esthetic results of the operation, as well as quality of life (QoL). RESULTS During the study period, a total of 68 E-N/SSM and DP-DTI reconstruction procedures through a single axillary incision were performed in 63 female patients. Among all the procedures, the majority were performed for grade 1-3 ptotic breasts (n =46, 73.0%). During the median follow-up of 26.5 months, the major and minor surgical complication rates were 1.6% (1/63) and 9.5% (6/63), respectively. The cosmetic complication rate was 14.3%. One patient suffered local recurrence 4 months postoperation. The average scores in patient-reported outcomes at 2 years postoperation of satisfaction with breast (66.57), psychosocial well-being (75.93) and sexual well-being (56.29) were not significantly different compared with the baseline, except for physical well-being: chest (69.85). CONCLUSIONS The proposed procedure for E-N/SSM and DP-DTI breast reconstruction is feasible, time-saving and safe with good outcomes in terms of cosmetic results and QoL and expands the indications of DTI reconstruction to ptotic breasts, making it easier to popularize. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng
- Breast Disease Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Faqing Liang
- Breast Disease Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wen
- Breast Disease Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanzuo Yang
- Breast Disease Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Zhou
- Breast Disease Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Songbo Zhang
- Breast Disease Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinran Liu
- Breast Disease Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxue Qiu
- Breast Disease Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Xie
- Breast Disease Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenggui Du
- Breast Disease Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou J, Xie Y, Liang F, Feng Y, Yang H, Qiu M, Zhang Q, Chung K, Dai H, Liu Y, Liang P, Du Z. A novel technique of reverse-sequence endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy with direct-to-implant breast reconstruction: medium-term oncological safety outcomes and feasibility of 24-hour discharge for breast cancer patients. Int J Surg 2024; 110:01279778-990000000-01048. [PMID: 38348883 PMCID: PMC11020081 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the short operation time and no need for special instruments, reverse-sequence endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (R-E-NSM) with direct-to-implant breast reconstruction (DIBR) has been rapidly becoming popular in the last three years. However, there has yet to be an evaluation of its oncologic safety or the feasibility of discharging patients within 24 hours. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this single-center retrospective cohort study, individuals diagnosed with stage 0-III breast cancer between May 2020 and April 2022 who underwent traditional open mastectomy or R-E-NSM with DIBR were included. Follow-up started on the date of surgery and ended in December 2023. Data, including demographics, tumor characteristics, medium-term oncological outcomes, and postoperative complications, were collected and analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimize selection bias. RESULTS This study included 1679 patients (median [IQR] age, 50 [44-57] years). Of these, 344 patients underwent R-E-NSM with DIBR (RE-R group), and 1335 patients underwent traditional open mastectomy (TOM group). The median [IQR] follow-up time was 30 [24-36] months (29 [23-33] months in the RE-R group and 30 [24-36] months in the TOM group). Regarding before or after PSM, the P value of local recurrence-free survival (LRFS, 0.910 and 0.450), regional recurrence-free survival (RRFS, 0.780 and 0.620), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS, 0.061 and 0.130), overall survival (OS, 0.260 and 0.620), disease-free survival (DFS, 0.120 and 0.330) were not significantly different between the RE-R group and the TOM group. The 3y-LRFS and 3y-DFS rates were 99.0% and 97.1% for the RE-R group and 99.5% and 95.3% for the TOM group, respectively. The rates of any complications and major complications were not significantly different between the RE-R patients who were discharged within 24 hours and the RE-R patients who were not discharged within 24 hours (P=0.290, P=0.665, respectively) or the TOM patients who were discharged within 24 hours (P =0.133, P=0.136, respectively). CONCLUSIONS R-E-NSM with DIBR is an innovative oncologic surgical procedure that not only improves cosmetic outcomes but also ensures reliable oncologic safety and fewer complications, enabling patients to be safely discharged within 24 hours. A long-term prospective multicenter assessment will be supporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhou
- Department of General Surgery
- Breast Center
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Ziyang, Sichuan University, Ziyang, China
| | - Yanyan Xie
- Department of General Surgery
- Breast Center
| | | | - Yu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu
| | | | | | - Qing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery
- Breast Center
| | | | - Hui Dai
- Department of General Surgery
- Breast Center
| | - Yang Liu
- Day Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Peng Liang
- Day Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
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Lai HW, Chen DR, Liu LC, Chen ST, Kuo YL, Lin SL, Wu YC, Huang TC, Hung CS, Lin YJ, Tseng HS, Mok CW, Cheng FTF. Robotic Versus Conventional or Endoscopic-assisted Nipple-sparing Mastectomy and Immediate Prosthesis Breast Reconstruction in the Management of Breast Cancer: A Prospectively Designed Multicenter Trial Comparing Clinical Outcomes, Medical Cost, and Patient-reported Outcomes (RCENSM-P). Ann Surg 2024; 279:138-146. [PMID: 37226826 PMCID: PMC10727200 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical and patient-reported outcomes of minimal access and conventional nipple-sparing mastectomy (C-NSM). The secondary outcomes investigated included medical costs and oncological safety. BACKGROUND Minimal-access NSM has been increasingly applied in the treatment of patients with breast cancer. However, prospective multicenter trials comparing robotic-assisted NSM (R-NSM) versus C-NSM or endoscopic-assisted NSM (E-NSM) are lacking. METHODS A prospectively designed 3-arm multicenter, nonrandomized trial (NCT04037852) was conducted from October 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021, to compare R-NSM with C-NSM or E-NSM. RESULTS A total of 73 R-NSM, 74 C-NSM, and 84 E-NSM procedures were enrolled. The median wound length and operation time of C-NSM was (9 cm, 175 minutes), (4 cm, and 195 minutes) in R-NSM, and (4 cm and 222 minutes) in E-NSM. Complications were comparable among the groups. Better wound healing was observed in the minimal-access NSM group. The R-NSM procedure was 4000 and 2600 United States Dollars more expensive than C-NSM and E-NSM, respectively. Wound/scar and postoperative acute pain evaluation favored the use of minimal access NSM over C-NSM. Quality of life in terms of chronic breast/chest pain, mobility, and range of motion of the upper extremity showed no significant differences. The preliminary oncologic results showed no differences among the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS R-NSM or E-NSM is a safe alternative if compared with C-NSM in terms of perioperative morbidities, especially with better wound healing. The advantage of minimal access groups was higher wound-related satisfaction. Higher costs remain one of the major limiting factors in the widespread adoption of R-NSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Wen Lai
- Department of Surgery, Endoscopic & Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Minimal invasive surgery research center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Yuanlin, Taiwan
- Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dar-Ren Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chih Liu
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Breast Medical Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Tung Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Lung Kuo
- Breast Medical Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University and National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lung Lin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chung Wu
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chun Huang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Sheng Hung
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jen Lin
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Hsin-Shun Tseng
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chi Wei Mok
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fiona Tsui-Fen Cheng
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Maes-Carballo M, García-García M, Rodríguez-Janeiro I, Cámara-Martínez C, Alberca-Remigio C, Khan KS. A systematic review of robotic breast surgery versus open surgery. J Robot Surg 2023; 17:2583-2596. [PMID: 37624486 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-023-01698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Robotic-assisted breast surgery (RABS) is controversial. We systematically reviewed the evidence about RABS, comparing it to open conventional breast surgery (CBS). Following prospective registration (osf.io/97ewt), a search was performed in January 2023, without time or language restrictions, through bibliographic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, Trip database and CDSR) and grey literature. Quality was assessed in duplicate using Qualsyst criteria (score range 0.0-1.0); reviewer agreement was 98%. The 16 selected studies (total patients: 334,804) had overall high quality (mean score 0.82; range 0.68-0.91). Nine of 16 (56.3%) were cohort studies, 2/16 (12.5%) RCTs, and 5/16 (31.3%) case-control studies. Taking p < 0.05 as the significance threshold, RABS versus CBS was better in aesthetic results and patient satisfaction (10/11 studies; 90%), was surgically costly (4/4 studies; 100%), time-consuming (9/13 studies; 69%), and less painful in the first 6-24 h (2/2 studies; 100%) and without statistically significant differences in complication rates (10/12 studies; 83%) or short-term oncological outcomes (10/10 studies; 100%). Surgical time could be dramatically reduced by training surgical teams, reaching no significant differences between approaches (p = 0.120). RABS was shown to be feasible and safe. The advantages of RABS and long-term outcomes need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Maes-Carballo
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Cancer Unit, Complexo Hospitalario de Ourense, Calle Ramon Puga Noguerol, 54, 32005, Ourense, Spain.
- Hospital Público de Verín, Ourense, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Department of General Surgery, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Manuel García-García
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Cancer Unit, Complexo Hospitalario de Ourense, Calle Ramon Puga Noguerol, 54, 32005, Ourense, Spain
- Department of General Surgery, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Iago Rodríguez-Janeiro
- Department of General Surgery, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Claudia Alberca-Remigio
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Cancer Unit, Complexo Hospitalario de Ourense, Calle Ramon Puga Noguerol, 54, 32005, Ourense, Spain
| | - Khalid Saeed Khan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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9
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Zhao J, Chen Z, Wang M, Hai L, Xiao C. Transaxillary Single-Port Endoscopic Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy with Immediate Implant-based Breast Reconstruction in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy or Not: A Comparative Study with Analysis of Surgical Complications and Patient-Reported Outcomes. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2023; 47:2304-2321. [PMID: 37700196 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03644-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In most cases, transaxillary single-port endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate implant-based breast reconstruction (E-NSM-IIBR) is conducted in patients with early-stage breast cancer, ensuring surgical safety while achieving improved breast aesthetics. However, whether E-NSM-IIBR is appropriate in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is still unclear. The aim of this study was to report the surgical safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of breast cancer patients who underwent E-NSM-IIBR with NAC in comparison to those who did not receive NAC. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent E-NSM-IIBR with or without NAC at a single center between January 2021 and July 2022. Patient demographics, postoperative complications, and PROs evaluated using the BREAST-Q version 2.0 questionnaire were compared between the two groups. Factors associated with PROs at 9 months after surgery were assessed with linear regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 92 patients who underwent E-NSM-IIBR were included in the study, with 27 patients receiving NAC and 65 patients not receiving NAC. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups. The BREAST-Q version 2.0 questionnaire was completed by 24 out of 27 patients (88.9%) in the NAC group and 59 out of 65 patients (90.8%) in the non-NAC group at 9 months after surgery. The patient-reported outcomes in various domains of the BREAST-Q did not show a significant difference between the two cohorts. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis indicated that in the both groups age (β = - 0.985, 95% CI - 1.598 to - 0.371, p = 0.003 in the NAC group; β = - 0.510, - 1.011 to - 0.009, p = 0.046 in the non-NAC group) and rippling (β = - 21.862, - 36.768 to - 6.955, p = 0.006 in the NAC group; β = - 7.787, - 15.151 to - 0.423, p = 0.039 in the non-NAC group) significantly impacted the patients' satisfaction with breasts, and PMRT was negatively associated with patients' physical well-being of chest (β = - 13.813, - 26.962 to - 0.664, p = 0.040 in the NAC group; β = - 18.574, - 30.661 to - 6.487, p = 0.003 in the non-NAC group). Our findings revealed that patients with larger implant volumes had higher scores in psychosocial well-being (β = 0.082, 0.001 to 0.162, p = 0.047), whereas implant displacement (β = - 14.937, - 28.175 to - 1.700, p=0.028) had a negative impact on patients' psychological well-being in the non-NAC group. However, our results did not demonstrate any significant influencing factors on patients' psychosocial well-being within the NAC group. CONCLUSION Our preliminary experiences confirm that E-NSM-IIBR is a safe option for selected patients even after NAC, with favorable patient-reported outcomes comparable with those in the primary surgery setting. The postoperative long-term outcomes of patients who undergo radiation therapy after NAC merit further investigation in the future. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhao
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, He-Xi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Zujin Chen
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, He-Xi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengdie Wang
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, He-Xi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Linyue Hai
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, He-Xi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunhua Xiao
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, He-Xi District, Tianjin, China.
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10
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Chia CLK, Sae-Lim C, Lai HW, Chandrachamnong K, Huang HI, Chen DR, Chen ST. Single-port three-dimensional (3D) endoscopic-assisted breast surgery-preliminary results and patient-reported satisfaction in 145 breast cancer and gynecomastia cases. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:335. [PMID: 37880770 PMCID: PMC10601236 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03191-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimal-accessed (robotic and endoscopic) breast cancer surgery is increasingly performed due to better cosmetic results and acceptable oncological outcomes. This study aims to demonstrate the clinical safety and patient-reported cosmetic satisfaction of single-port three-dimensional endoscopic-assisted breast surgery (S-P 3D EABS), which is our new endoscopic surgical innovation, in both malignant and benign breast conditions. METHODS Patients who underwent S-P 3D EABS from 1 August 2018 to 31 July 2022 in a single institution were enrolled. Clinical outcomes of this procedure were retrospectively reviewed, and the patient-reported cosmetic satisfaction was evaluated by a questionnaire and reported herein. RESULTS During the study period, 145 patients underwent 164 procedures of S-P 3D EABS. One hundred fifty (91.5%) procedures were endoscopic-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (S-P 3D E-NSM; 117 therapeutic procedures for breast cancer, 13 prophylactic mastectomies, 20 procedures for gynecomastia). Fourteen (8.5%) procedures of endoscopic-assisted breast-conserving surgery (S-P 3D E-BCS) were performed (12 S-P 3D E-BCS, 2 S-P 3D E-BCS with 3D videoscope-assisted partial breast reconstruction, which was 1 case of latissimus dorsi flap and 1 case of omental flap). The mean operative time was 245 ± 110 min in S-P 3D E-NSM and 260 ± 142 min in S-P 3D E-BCS. The mean intraoperative blood loss was 49.7 ± 46.9 ml in S-P 3D E-NSM and 32.8 ± 17.5 ml in S-P 3D E-BCS. Subnipple biopsy showed positive malignancy in 3 (2.6%) S-P 3D E-NSM patients. None of the S-P 3D E-BCS patients found margin involvement; however, 3 (2.6%) reported margin involvement in S-P 3D E-NSM patients. Thirty-two complications were found (24.6%): 7 (5.3%) transient nipple-areolar complex (NAC) ischemia, 7 (5.3%) partial NAC necrosis, 1 (0.7%) total NAC necrosis, and 1 (0.7%) implant loss. During the mean follow-up time of 34 months, there were 2 (1.5%) patients with locoregional recurrence, 9 (6.9%) distant metastasis, and 2 (1.5%) mortality. 78.6% (77/98) of patients answering the cosmetic-evaluated questionnaire reported good and excellent overall satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS S-P 3D EABS is a novel surgical innovation, which is able to perform safely in either malignant or benign breast conditions and offer promising cosmetic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Luck Khng Chia
- Department of Surgery, Breast Surgery Service, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chayanee Sae-Lim
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hung-Wen Lai
- Department of Surgery, Endoscopic & Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
- Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
- Minimal Invasive Surgery Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Division of Breast Surgery, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Yuanlin, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Korawan Chandrachamnong
- Department of Surgery, Division of Breast Surgery, Police General Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hsin-I Huang
- Department of Information Management, National Sun-Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dar-Ren Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Tung Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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11
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Yao C, Yang H, Guan Z, Liu C, Xian J, Chen M, Huang W. Is a soft tissue reinforcing mesh necessary in immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction for early breast cancer in patients with low-volume breast? A single-center, retrospective Chinese clinical study. Updates Surg 2023; 75:2005-2015. [PMID: 37432568 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-023-01585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
It is controversial as to whether soft tissue reinforcement mesh should be used for immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction after nipple-sparing mastectomy for low-volume breast early breast cancer (LVBEBC) in Chinese adult women. We collected data on 89 patients with LVBEBC who underwent such a surgery and divided them into two groups: 39 patients in the totally subpectoral prosthesis-only breast reconstruction group (simple group) and 50 patients in the prosthesis-combined titanium-coated polypropylene mesh (TCPM) group (or the so-called "dual plane" or "mesh-assisted partially subpectoral breast reconstruction group") (combined group). The results demonstrated no difference in operative time, intraoperative bleeding, and postoperative complications between the two groups; however, total drainage volume and extubation time were less and shorter, respectively, in the combined group. The median follow-up time was 18.6 months without local recurrence or distant metastasis in both groups. At 24 months after surgery, the excellent and good rates of breast reconstruction were higher in the combined group. However, patients' BMI, breast morphology, and breast volume of 300 mL or more had an effect on the shape of the reconstructed breast; in addition, in patients with higher BMI, conical breast morphology, and breast volume over 300 mL, the shape of the breast was more perfect with the prosthesis combined with TCPM reconstruction.Trial registration: This retrospective study was "retrospectively registered" in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology of China on March 15, 2022 (No. 2022018) and in the National Medical Research Registry filing system of China ( https://www.medicalresearch.org.cn ) (No. MR-44-22-003618).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcai Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, and Sixth Clinical College of South China University of Technology, No.120 Guidan Road, Nanhai District, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huangyun Yang
- Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Xiamen University Women and Children's Hospital of China, Xiamen, 361000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyun Guan
- Sixth Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Foshan, 528200, People's Republic of China
| | - Changchun Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, and Sixth Clinical College of South China University of Technology, No.120 Guidan Road, Nanhai District, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Xian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, and Sixth Clinical College of South China University of Technology, No.120 Guidan Road, Nanhai District, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, and Sixth Clinical College of South China University of Technology, No.120 Guidan Road, Nanhai District, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjian Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, and Sixth Clinical College of South China University of Technology, No.120 Guidan Road, Nanhai District, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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12
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Yang H, Liang F, Xie Y, Qiu M, Du Z. Single axillary incision reverse-order endoscopic nipple/skin-sparing mastectomy followed by subpectoral implant-based breast reconstruction: Technique, clinical outcomes, and aesthetic results from 88 preliminary procedures. Surgery 2023; 174:464-472. [PMID: 37422354 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single axillary incision reverse-order endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy overcomes the limitations of conventional endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy application. We introduce this technique and report the preliminary results of this study. METHODS Patients who received single axillary incision reverse-order endoscopic nipple-/skin-sparing mastectomy from May 2020 to May 2022 were enrolled from a single institution. Data were analyzed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this technique. Patient-reported and surgeon-reported cosmetic outcomes were collected. RESULTS In total, 68 patients who underwent 88 single axillary incision reverse-order endoscopic nipple-/skin-sparing mastectomy combined with subpectoral implant-based breast reconstruction were enrolled in the current study. The overall complication rate was 10.3%. In total, 2.9% of patients suffered from major complications, and 5 (7.4%) experienced minor complications. Only 1 patient experienced partial nipple-areola complex necrosis. During a median follow-up time of 24 months, the locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis rate was both 1.6%. In the surgeon-reported cosmetic results, 92.1% of patients achieved good or excellent results. The mean SCAR-Q scores were 82.07 ± 8.86, and 85.3% evaluated their breasts as good or excellent. The mean overall cost was 5,670.4 ± 1,351.3 USD. The total mean operation time and maturity-stage mean operation time were 234.3 ± 80.4 and 172.55 ± 41.29 min, respectively. According to cumulative sum plot analysis, approximately 18 cases were needed for surgeons to decrease their operation time significantly and complication rate. CONCLUSION Single axillary incision reverse-order endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy is a safe, less expensive, and efficient surgical technique with reliable intermediate-term oncologic safety. For suitable candidates, the technique with subpectoral implant-based breast reconstruction can provide a good cosmetic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanzuo Yang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Breast Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Faqing Liang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Breast Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyan Xie
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Breast Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengxue Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Breast Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenggui Du
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Breast Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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13
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Lu S, Yang J, Wei T, Li Q, Wu Y, Wang Z, Li H, Wang J, Wang X, Lv Q, Chen J. Single-incision endoscope-assisted breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy: prospective SINA-BCS cohort study. Br J Surg 2023; 110:1076-1079. [PMID: 36945888 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lu
- Breast Centre and National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiqiao Yang
- Breast Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qintong Li
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunhao Wu
- Breast Centre and National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongjiang Li
- Breast Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Breast Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Breast Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Lv
- Breast Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Breast Centre and National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med-X Centre for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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King BW, McCarter JH, Burns HR, Soleimani S, Maricevich MA, Yu JZ. Robotics in Implant-Based and Autologous Breast Reconstruction. Semin Plast Surg 2023; 37:168-175. [PMID: 38444960 PMCID: PMC10911900 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Autologous and implant-based breast reconstruction continues to evolve as new technology and mastectomy techniques become available. Robotic-assisted breast reconstruction represents a growing field within plastic surgery, with the potential to improve aesthetic and functional outcomes, as well as patient satisfaction. This article provides a review of indications, techniques, and outcome data supporting the use of robotic assistance in both implant-based and autologous breast reconstruction from surgeons around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brody W. King
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Jacob H. McCarter
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Heather R. Burns
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Marco A. Maricevich
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Jessie Z. Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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15
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Burns HR, McCarter JH, King BW, Yu JZ, Hwang RF. Robotic-Assisted Nipple Sparing Mastectomy. Semin Plast Surg 2023; 37:176-183. [PMID: 38444956 PMCID: PMC10911906 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Minimally invasive approaches to breast surgery have evolved from endoscopic techniques to recent developments in robotic-assisted mastectomies. Initial studies on robotic-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (RNSM) have shown improved patient satisfaction and aesthetic outcomes with similar complication rates and oncological outcomes in selected patients. This chapter reviews techniques used and available data on complications and clinical outcomes for RNSM. Currently, RNSM is an investigational technique in the United States and should be performed in clinical trials with U.S. Food & Drug Administration approval to rigorously evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather R. Burns
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Jacob H. McCarter
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Brody W. King
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Jessie Z. Yu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rosa F. Hwang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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16
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Park KU, Cha C, Pozzi G, Kang YJ, Gregorc V, Sapino A, Gazzetta G, Marrazzo E, Toesca A. Robot-assisted Nipple Sparing Mastectomy: Recent Advancements and Ongoing Controversies. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2023; 15:127-134. [PMID: 37293274 PMCID: PMC10133895 DOI: 10.1007/s12609-023-00487-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent technical advancements in RNSM, describe the ongoing teaching programs, and discuss the ongoing controversies. Recent findings Robot-assisted nipple sparing mastectomy (RNSM) is the newest addition to the armamentarium of surgical techniques for patients who require a mastectomy. The potential benefits of using the da Vinci® Robotic Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA) are the small 3D camera and lighting offering superior visualization, the Endowrist robotic instruments offering greater range of motion, and surgeon being at a seated position at the console rendering a more ergonomic operating position. Summary RNSM can potentially help overcome the technical difficulties of performing a conventional NSM. Further studies are needed to elucidate the oncologic safety and cost-effectiveness of RNSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Un Park
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Chihwan Cha
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Giada Pozzi
- Division of Breast Surgery, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (To), Italy
| | - Young-Joon Kang
- Department of Surgery, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Vanesa Gregorc
- Department of Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (To), Italy
| | - Anna Sapino
- Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Gazzetta
- Division of Breast Surgery, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (To), Italy
| | - Emilia Marrazzo
- Breast Unit, Department of Surgery, Ospedale Maggiore Di Lodi, Lodi, Italy
| | - Antonio Toesca
- Division of Breast Surgery, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (To), Italy
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17
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Wang X, Wan X, Li L, Liu X, Meng R, Sun X, Xiao C. Trans-axillary single port insufflation technique-assisted endoscopic surgery for breast diseases: Clinic experience, cosmetic outcome and oncologic result. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1157545. [PMID: 37064139 PMCID: PMC10090427 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1157545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PurposeWith an increasing demand for postoperative cosmetic effects in breast diseases, the single port by trans-axillary incision and air-inflation system, which provided better space and spared the assistant the effort of retraction, is widely used in clinic surgical treatment for multiple breast diseases.MethodsAccording to inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients who underwent trans-axillary single-incision surgery at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital between December 2020 and July 2022 were included in the study. We collected and analyzed data on age, fertility history, ultrasound grade, clinical stage, pathological results, oncological prognosis, patient-centered cosmetic outcome, etc.ResultsA total of 115 cases were included, of which 33 patients with benign disease underwent mass resection, 68 patients with malignant tumors underwent mastectomy. 10 patients had a special type of breast lesion. A mastectomy was performed in 4 patients with male mammary gland development. Of the 115 cases, the maximum mass diameter was 3.00 ± 1.644 (0.6–8.5) cm. Blood loss during surgery was 85.77 ± 50.342 (10-200) ml. The surgery took 131.84 ± 59.332 (30-280) minutes to complete. The patient spent a total of 5.05 ± 2.305 (2-18) days in the hospital. And the length of surgical incision in all patients was 3.83 ± 0.884 (3-8) cm. All patients were very satisfied with the appearance of their breasts after dressing. 94.78% of patients were satisfied with the position of the incision.ConclusionThrough this study, we believe that in benign breast diseases and malignant breast tumors, trans-axillary single port insufflation technique-assisted endoscopic surgery has oncological safety and an aesthetic effect for most people with breast diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Medical, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- The First Surgical Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Wan
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifang Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Medical, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- The First Surgical Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Medical, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- The First Surgical Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Meng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Medical, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- The First Surgical Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohu Sun
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Medical, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- The First Surgical Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunhua Xiao
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Medical, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- The First Surgical Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Chunhua Xiao,
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Lai HW, Lin J, Sae-Lim C, Lin YJ, Chen DR, Lai YC, Lin SL, Chen ST. Oncoplastic and reconstructive breast surgeon performance and impact on breast reconstructions: Clinical outcomes, learning curve, and patients' satisfaction. Surg Oncol 2023; 47:101920. [PMID: 36871539 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2023.101920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to mastectomy alone, the addition of breast reconstruction could improve quality of life and it is usually performed by two-team approach, which consisted of both breast surgeons and plastic surgeons. This study aims to illustrate the positive impacts of the dual-trained oncoplastic reconstructive breast surgeon (ORBS) and reveal the factors influencing reconstruction rates. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 542 breast cancer patients who undergone mastectomy with reconstruction performed by a particular ORBS between January 2011 and December 2021 at a single institution. Clinical and oncological outcomes, impact of case accumulation on performance and patient-reported aesthetic satisfactions were analyzed and reported. Furthermore, in this study 1851 breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy combined with or without breast reconstructions, which included 542 performed by ORBS, were reviewed to identify factors affecting breast reconstructions. RESULTS Among the 524 breast reconstructions performed by the ORBS, 73.6% were gel implant reconstructions, 2.7% were tissue expanders, 19.5% were transverse rectus abdominal myocutaneous (TRAM) flaps, 2.7% were latissimus dorsi (LD) flaps, 0.8% were omentum flaps, and 0.8% involved LD flaps and implants. There was no total flap loss in the 124 autologous reconstructions, and the implant loss rate was 1.2% (5/403). Patient-reported aesthetic evaluations showed that 95% of the patients were satisfied. As the ORBS's accumulated case experiences, the implant loss rate decreased, and the overall satisfaction rate increased. According to the cumulative sum plot learning curve analysis, it took 58 procedures for the ORBS to shorten the operative time. In multivariate analysis, younger age, MRI, nipple sparing mastectomy, ORBS, and high-volume surgeon were factors related to breast reconstruction. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated that a breast surgeon after adequate training could become an ORBS and perform mastectomies with various types of breast reconstruction with acceptable clinical and oncological outcomes for breast cancer patients. ORBSs could increase breast reconstruction rates, which remain low worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Wen Lai
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Breast Surgery, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Yuanlin, Taiwan; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Joseph Lin
- Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Chayanee Sae-Lim
- Department of Surgery, Sirindhorn Hospital, Medical Service Department, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Ying-Jen Lin
- Tumor Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Dar-Ren Chen
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Chieh Lai
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Lung Lin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Shou-Tung Chen
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
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19
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Endoscopic Nipple- or Skin-Sparing Mastectomy and Immediate Breast Reconstruction with Endoscopic Harvesting of the Latissimus Dorsi Flap: A Preliminary Experience of an Innovative Technique. Breast J 2022; 2022:1373899. [PMID: 36349179 PMCID: PMC9633195 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1373899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Endoscopic nipple- or skin-sparing mastectomy (E-N/SSM) and endoscopic latissimus dorsi muscle flap (E-LDMF) harvest have been operational difficulties over decades. The aim of this study was to describe the preliminary outcomes of our novel surgical technique, which allows the performance of E-N/SSM and E-LDMF harvest for immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) through a single cosmetic axillary incision for breast cancer patients. Methods This prospective study included 20 breast cancer patients who underwent E-N/SSM and E-LDMF harvesting through a single axillary incision in our hospital from September 2020 to June 2022. The outcomes were statistically calculated, including patient characteristics, operative data, complication rate, hospital length of stay and costs, and patient-reported outcomes. Results A total of 20 breast cancer patients underwent our sufficiently mature novel endoscopy technique. The mean LD flap harvest time was 96.5 ± 25.3 min, the mean operation time was 262.6 ± 54.4 min, and the average length of LDMF was 26.9 ± 3.1. During the median follow-up time of 7.5 months, 4 patients developed donor-site seroma. One of them was also complicated by hypopigmentation of the nipple areola, and one of them suffered from breast cellulitis. No bleeding or flap necrosis happened. No tumor recurrence or metastasis was found until the last follow-up. In the BREAST-Q evaluation, although they gave a lower score beginning at 1-month post-operation than preoperatively (P > 0.05, except for physical well-being: chest and physical well-being: back and shoulder, P < 0.01), there was an uptrend at 3 months postoperatively. Because of the hidden and short incision, the mean score of the appearance scale of the SCAR-Q at 3 months post-operation was 74.2 ± 8.8. Conclusions The novel endoscopy technique, which was first reported to perform lymph node surgery, N/SSM, and LDMF harvesting in an operation for breast cancer patients through a single axillary incision, is associated with a shorter surgery time, lower complication rates, and better patient-reported outcomes.
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20
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Efficacy of the Whole-Course Case Management Model on Compliance and Satisfaction of Breast Cancer Patients with Whole-Course Standardized Treatment. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2003324. [PMID: 35783153 PMCID: PMC9249505 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2003324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the influence of the whole-course case management model on the compliance and satisfaction of breast cancer patients with the whole-course standardized treatment. Methods Eighty breast cancer patients admitted to our hospital between April 2020 and June 2021 were assigned to receive either conventional nursing (routine group, n = 40) or whole-process case management (experimental group, n = 40) according to different nursing methods. Outcome measures included self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores, self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores, adverse reactions, treatment compliance, and nursing satisfaction. Results After nursing, the SAS and SDS scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the routine group (P < 0.05). The whole case management mode was associated with a significantly lower incidence of adverse reactions versus routine nursing (P < 0.05). The whole case management resulted in higher compliance of patients versus routine nursing (P < 0.05). The experimental group had a significantly higher nursing satisfaction versus the routine group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The whole-process case management mitigates patients' negative emotions, strengthens their treatment compliance, lowers the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions, and improves nursing satisfaction, which may provide a viable nursing alternative for patients with breast cancer.
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21
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Go J, Ahn JH, Park JM, Choi SB, Lee J, Kim JY, Park HS. Analysis of robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy using the da Vinci SP system. J Surg Oncol 2022; 126:417-424. [PMID: 35622078 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As patients tend to be diagnosed with breast cancer at an early stage, the demand for better cosmetic outcomes has increased. Several studies revealed that robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (RNSM) shows favorable outcomes. The aim of the study was to reveal the feasibility of RNSM using the da Vinci single-port (SP) system with a minimal incision, hidden in the arm. METHODS From 2018 to 2021, 81 cases (70 patients) were retrospectively reviewed. Clinicopathologic characteristics, operative outcomes, and postoperative complications were evaluated. The operative outcomes were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS The median age was 42 years (range, 26-60 years). Bilateral RNSM was performed in 11 (27.2%) patients. The median size of the initial skin incision was 40 mm (range, 20-55 mm). Immediate reconstruction with direct-to-implant was performed in 54 (66.7%) patients and deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps in 15 (18.5%) patients. Postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo Classification III occurred in six (7.5%) patients. Patients reconstructed with a DIEP flap had large breasts with more severe ptosis, yet grade III complications did not occur. CONCLUSIONS RNSM using the SP system can be applied for curative and risk-reducing mastectomy, regardless of breast size or ptosis grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieon Go
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Min Park
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Bo Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeea Lee
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center Eulji University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jee Ye Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Seok Park
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Ryu JM, Kim JY, Choi HJ, Ko B, Kim J, Cho J, Lee MH, Choi JE, Kim JH, Lee J, Jung SM, Shin HJ, Lee J, Park HS. Robot-assisted Nipple-sparing Mastectomy With Immediate Breast Reconstruction: An initial Experience of the Korea Robot-endoscopy Minimal Access Breast Surgery Study Group (KoREa-BSG). Ann Surg 2022; 275:985-991. [PMID: 32941285 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to present the results of early experience of robot-assisted nipple sparing mastectomy (RANSM). BACKGROUND RANSM improves cosmetic outcomes over conventional nipple-sparing mastectomy. However, data on the feasibility and safety of the RANSM are limited. METHODS Patients who underwent RANSM with immediate breast reconstruction as part of the Korea Robot-endoscopy Minimal Access Breast Surgery Study Group (KoREa-BSG) from November 2016 to January 2020 were enrolled. clinicopathologic characteristics, perioperative complications, and operation time were collected. RESULTS Overall, 73 women underwent 82 RANSM procedures conducted by 11 breast surgeons at 8 institutions. The median patient age was 45.5 years old (20-66 years), and 52 (63.4%) patients were premenopausal. Invasive breast cancer was noted in 55 cases (40 cases were stage i, 11 cases were stage ii, and 4 cases were stage iii, respectively) and ductal carcinoma in-situ was recorded in 20 cases. Of those, 3 patients with BRCA1/2 mutation carriers underwent contralateral risk-reducing RANSM. The median length of hospitalization was 12.0 days (5.0-24.0 days). The incision location was the mid-axillary line and the median incision length was 50.0 mm (30.0-60.0 mm). Median total operation time, median total mastectomy time, and median reconstruction time was 307.0 minutes (163.0-796.0 minutes), 189.5 minutes (97.5-325.0 minutes), and 119.5 minutes (45.0-689.0 minutes). Only 2 cases (2.5%) required reoperation. Nipple ischemia was found in 9 cases (10.9%) but only 1 case (1.2%) required nipple excision given that 8 cases (9.7%) resolved spontaneously. Skin ischemia was observed in 5 cases (6.1%) and only 2 (2.4%) cases needed skin excision whereas 3 cases (3.6%) resolved spontaneously. There was no conversion to open surgery orcases of mortality. The mean time for mastectomy among surgeons who performed more than 10 cases was 182.3 minutes (± 53.7, minutes) and 195.4 minutes (± 50.4, minutes). CONCLUSION This was the first report of RANSM conducted in the KoREa-BSG. RANSM is technically feasible and acceptable with a short learning curve. Further prospective research to evaluate surgical and oncologic outcomes is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Min Ryu
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Ye Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jun Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - BeomSeok Ko
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine
| | - Jisun Kim
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine
| | - Jihyoung Cho
- Division of Breast and Thyroid, Department of Surgery, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Moo Hyun Lee
- Division of Breast and Thyroid, Department of Surgery, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Joo Heung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Jeea Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Mi Jung
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk Jai Shin
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyung Seok Park
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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23
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Blair SL, Kolb F. Minimally Invasive Mastectomy: It Is Coming Around the Mountain. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:10.1245/s10434-022-11634-w. [PMID: 35334010 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-11634-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Blair
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, USA.
| | - Frederic Kolb
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, USA
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24
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Video-assisted Transaxillary Nipple-sparing Mastectomy and Immediate Implant-based Breast Reconstruction: A Novel and Promising Method. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022; 46:91-98. [PMID: 34424367 PMCID: PMC8381859 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-021-02527-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Although video-assisted breast surgery is gaining popularity, endoscopic reconstruction after mastectomy is still facing lots of problems, bring about that endoscopic method has not yet become a standard procedure for breast cancer reconstruction. Here, we introduce a novel surgical technique of video-assisted transaxillary nipple-sparing mastectomy and immediate implant-based breast reconstruction and describe the detailed surgical procedure using this technique. Methods Detailed steps of surgical procedure, the patient characteristics and the mean operative time of this new technique were described in this article. All patients were asked to score their satisfaction with their reconstructed breasts preoperatively, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months postoperatively using the BREAST-Q. Results At first, we used our “conventional method” and performed on 10 patients from April 2017 to June 2020; the operative time was 324.80 ± 66.39 minutes. After improving several procedures of the technique, the “optimized method” was performed on 14 cases from July 2020 to November 2020; the operative time decreased to 193.71 ± 28.75 minutes with shortest was 133 minutes; the optimized method was novel and easy to learn and be generalized. Most of the patients were satisfied with the reconstruction results. There was no significant difference between preoperative scores and scores at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months (p = 0.364). Since there is no wound on the breast dome, no obvious postoperative complications were observed except for one patient presented with infection. Conclusions This new technique has allowed surgeons to achieve excellent and reproducible outcomes in a single-stage procedure and represents an excellent technique for patients who wish to have a scarless and aesthetically pleasing appearance after mastectomy for breast cancer. This article also highlights the mean operative time (193.71 ± 28.75 minutes) that has been made possible with this new technique. Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors http://www.springer.com/00266. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00266-021-02527-6.
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Endoscopic-assisted Nipple-sparing Mastectomy with Direct-to-Implant Subpectoral Breast Reconstruction in the Management of Breast Cancer. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2021; 9:e3978. [PMID: 34909357 PMCID: PMC8663902 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000003978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Endoscopic-assisted or robotic nipple-sparing mastectomy (E-NSM or R-NSM) with direct-to-implant breast reconstruction is becoming an increasingly popular surgical treatment for breast cancer patients. However, existing surgical methods such as traditional two-dimensional endoscopic-assisted or robot-assisted surgery are time-consuming and expensive. A new innovative three-dimensional videoscope system is efficient but needs special instruments; additionally, the incision over the extramammary region near the anterior axillary line is still too invisible. This study took place from May 2020 to April 2021. This technique is suitable for patients with small- to moderate-sized breasts (C cup size and below; grade 0 to grade I ptotic breasts). We have now performed 30 procedures, including eight bilateral reconstructions. The average operative time (including axillary operation) of a unilateral reconstruction is 179 ± 40.96 minutes, and for bilateral reconstruction, it was 271 ± 45.29 minutes. The median follow-up time was 9.93 months. For the complications, only one patient presented with a mild depigmentation of the nipple and one patient presented with local cellulitis but recovered after oral administration of antibiotics. All patients were satisfied with their postoperative aesthetic outcome. We present a new surgical technique of E-NSM with direct-to-implant subpectoral breast reconstruction to achieve better results.
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Lai HW, Chen ST, Lin YJ, Lin SL, Lin CM, Chen DR, Kuo SJ. Minimal Access (Endoscopic and Robotic) Breast Surgery in the Surgical Treatment of Early Breast Cancer-Trend and Clinical Outcome From a Single-Surgeon Experience Over 10 Years. Front Oncol 2021; 11:739144. [PMID: 34868935 PMCID: PMC8640170 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.739144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Endoscopic assisted breast surgery (EABS) or robotic assisted breast surgery (RABS) performed through minimal axillary and/or peri-areolar incisions has become the representative of minimal access breast surgery (MABS). We report the trend and clinical outcome of MABS for treatment of breast cancer. Methods Information on patients who underwent breast cancer operation by the principal investigator during the period of 2011 to 2020 was collected from a single institute for analysis. The clinical outcome, trend, and cost of MABS were analyzed and compared with conventional breast surgery (CBS). Results A total of 824 breast cancer patients operated by a single surgeon were enrolled in this study: 254 received CBS and 570 received MABS, namely, 476 EABS and 94 RABS. From 2011 to 2020, the number of MABS performed annually has shown an increasing trend. Compared with CBS, MABS such as breast conserving surgery and nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM) have effectively reduced wound scar length. Since the sequential uprise from conventional NSM (C-NSM), dual-axillary-areolar-incision two dimensional (2D) endoscopic assisted NSM (E-NSM), single-axillary-incision E-NSM, robotic assisted NSM (R-NSM), and single-port 3D E-NSM, the development of minimal access mastectomies increasingly paralleled with NSM. The operation time of various MABS decreased significantly and showed no statistical difference compared with CBS. R-NSM was associated with highest cost, followed by 3D E-NSM, E-NSM, and C-NSM. The positive surgical margin rate and local recurrence rate of MABS and CBS were not statistically different. Conclusion MABS showed comparable clinical outcome and preliminary oncologic safety as CBS and has been increasingly performed as the surgical treatment of breast cancer, especially minimal access NSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Wen Lai
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Minimal Invasive Surgery Research Center, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Yuanlin, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Tung Chen
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jen Lin
- Tumor Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lung Lin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Min Lin
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dar-Ren Chen
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Jen Kuo
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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27
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Huang JJ, Chuang EYH, Cheong DCF, Kim BS, Chang FCS, Kuo WL. Robotic-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy followed by immediate microsurgical free flap reconstruction: Feasibility and aesthetic results - Case series. Int J Surg 2021; 95:106143. [PMID: 34666195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.106143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of robotic-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (R-NSM) has allowed mastectomy to be performed via a small incision. Breast reconstruction with free autologous tissue results in the most natural and long-lasting results, however, its application in R-NSM can be difficult via the small incision and haven't been explored in depth. The purpose of the study was to investigate the feasibility and aesthetic outcome of free perforator flap breast reconstruction via small lateral chest wall incision after R-NSM. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted to identify patients who received R-NSM and free perforator flap reconstruction as the study group and patients who received conventional nipple-sparing mastectomy (C-NSM) and free perforator flap reconstruction as the control group from January 2018 to August 2020 by single reconstructive surgeon. Patient demographic data, complications from both mastectomy and reconstruction, status of resection margin and oncological outcome were reviewed. Aesthetic outcome was evaluated by 9 plastic surgeons. RESULTS A total of 63 patients were included of which 22 (34.9%) received R-NSM and 41 (65.1%) received C-NSM. Their demographic data, reconstruction flaps, overall complication rate and follow up time were similar. Unlike C-NSM, majority of the R-NSM groups used the thoracodorsal or lateral thoracic vessels as the recipient vessels. Patients in the R-NSM group has smaller scar and better aesthetic outcome in the symmetry of breast inframammary fold, scar location and visibility, and overall aesthetic outcome. CONCLUSION Although with difficulty in microvascular anastomosis and flap inset and shaping, R-NSM with perforator flap reconstruction presented with equal surgical and oncological safety with C-NSM and even better aesthetic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ju Huang
- Division of Reconstructive Microsurgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland Division of Craniofacial Surgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Liang F, Wen N, Xie Y, Wang Y, Zhang S, Lv Q, Du Z. Subversion of Endoscopic Breast Reconstruction Surgery: Nipple-sparing Mastectomy and Immediate Reconstruction with a Latissimus Dorsi Flap/Latissimus Dorsi Flap and Implant Through a Single Axillary Incision. ANNALS OF SURGERY OPEN 2021; 2:e082. [PMID: 37635818 PMCID: PMC10455204 DOI: 10.1097/as9.0000000000000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Our team has created a novel endoscopic technique (ET) to solve the problems of the former minimally invasive surgery (Inconvenient operation for ET, high cost for robotic technique, long-operation time for both) for breast cancer patients requiring nipple-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction (BR) with a latissimus dorsi flap/latissimus dorsi flap and implant. This easy-to-grasp method will benefit more patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faqing Liang
- From the Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Wen
- From the Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyan Xie
- From the Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Wang
- From the Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Songbo Zhang
- From the Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Lv
- From the Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenggui Du
- From the Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Discussion: Endoscopy-Assisted Total Mastectomy with and without Immediate Reconstruction: An Extended Follow-Up, Multicenter Study. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 147:279-280. [PMID: 33565820 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000007588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Lai HW, Chen ST, Liao CY, Mok CW, Lin YJ, Chen DR, Kuo SJ. Oncologic Outcome of Endoscopic Assisted Breast Surgery Compared with Conventional Approach in Breast Cancer: An Analysis of 3426 Primary Operable Breast Cancer Patients from Single Institute with and Without Propensity Score Matching. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:7368-7380. [PMID: 33974198 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09950-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopy-assisted breast surgery (EABS) performed through minimal axillary and/or peri-areolar incisions is a possible alternative to conventional breast surgery (CBS) for certain patients with breast cancer. In this study, we report the oncologic safety results of EABS compared with CBS. METHODS Patients underwent EABS for breast cancer during the period June 2010 to March 2020 were collected from the EABS database from single institute, and another cohort of patients, who received CBS, were identified to determine the effectiveness and oncologic safety of EABS. A case-control study was conducted using propensity score matching (PSM) to prevent bias from cases selection. RESULTS A total of 3426 patients were enrolled in the current study, including 405 patients receiving EABS and 3021 underwent CBS. Before PSM, patients selected for EABS tend to be smaller in tumor size, node negative, early stage, low histologic grade, and HER-2 negative. After PSM, 343 patients underwent EABS were compared with another 343 patients received CBS. The margin involved rate in EABS group is 2.6%, and 5.6% in CBS group (p = 0.054) after PSM. In breast conserving cases, the margin involved rates were 2% in EABS group, and 7.2% in CBS group (p = 0.04). In Kaplan-Meier survival curves analysis, there was no difference in local regional recurrence (p = 0.89), distant metastasis (p = 0.08), and overall survival (p = 0.14). CONCLUSION The preliminary oncologic safety analysis from current study showed EABS is a safe procedure and results in low margin involved rate, and no increase of locoregional recurrence, distant metastasis or mortality compared with CBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Wen Lai
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan. .,Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan. .,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan. .,Minimal Invasive Surgery Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan. .,Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Division of Breast Surgery, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Yuanlin, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. .,Division of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shou-Tung Chen
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ying Liao
- Department of Radiology, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chi Wei Mok
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying-Jen Lin
- Tumor Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Dar-Ren Chen
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Jen Kuo
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Lai HW, Chen ST, Mok CW, Chang YT, Lin SL, Lin YJ, Chen DR, Kuo SJ. Single-Port Three-Dimensional (3D) Videoscope-Assisted Endoscopic Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy in the Management of Breast Cancer: Technique, Clinical Outcomes, Medical Cost, Learning Curve, and Patient-Reported Aesthetic Results from 80 Preliminary Procedures. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:7331-7344. [PMID: 33934239 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09964-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The preliminary results of an innovative surgical technique, which incorporated single-port three-dimensional (3D) videoscope and instruments for endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (E-NSM), were reported. METHODS The medical records of patients who underwent single-port 3D E-NSM for breast cancer from August 2018 to September 2020 were analyzed, and the preliminary outcome of this procedure as well as the patient-reported aesthetic results are described in this article. RESULTS The study enrolled 70 patients who received 80 procedures of single-port 3D E-NSM. The mean operation time was 158 ± 36 min, and the mean blood loss was 41 ± 26 ml. Three procedures (3.8 %) associated with delayed axillary wound-healing, eight cases of transient nipple ischemia (10 %), three cases of partial nipple ischemia/necrosis (3.7 %), and one case of total nipple-areolar complex (NAC) necrosis (1.3 %) were observed. No patient had margin involvement. Satisfaction rates of approximately 90 % were observed in terms of postoperative scar appearance, location, and length. Most of the patients (87.8 %) reported that they would choose the same operation again if given the chance to do so. The overall cost of a single-port 3D E-NSM was 7522 ± 470 U.S. dollars. According to cumulative sum (CUSUM) plot analysis, about 14 cases were needed for surgeons to familiarize themselves with single-port 3D E-NSM and immediate gel implant reconstruction and to decrease their operation time significantly in the initial learning phase. CONCLUSION Single-port 3D E-NSM, a safe, efficient, lower-cost procedure, is associated with a good aesthetic result. It is a promising new technique for breast cancer patients indicated for mastectomy, but long-term oncologic safety follow-up evaluation still is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Wen Lai
- Endoscopy and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua, Taiwan. .,Division of General Surgery, Changhua, Taiwan. .,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua, Taiwan. .,Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Division of Breast Surgery, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Yuanlin, Taiwan. .,Minimal Invasive Surgery Research Center, Changhua, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. .,Division of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shou-Tung Chen
- Endoscopy and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Changhua, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chi Wei Mok
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Singhealth Duke-NUS Breast Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yun-Ting Chang
- Endoscopy and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua, Taiwan.,Minimal Invasive Surgery Research Center, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lung Lin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jen Lin
- Tumor Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Dar-Ren Chen
- Endoscopy and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Changhua, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Jen Kuo
- Division of General Surgery, Changhua, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua, Taiwan
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Lai HW. ASO Author Reflections: Single-Port Three-Dimensional (3D) Videoscope-Assisted Endoscopic Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy in Management of Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:7345-7346. [PMID: 33907925 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Wen Lai
- Endoscopic and Oncoplastic Breast Surgery Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
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Quilichini O, Barrou J, Bannier M, Rua S, Van Troy A, Sabiani L, Lambaudie E, Cohen M, Houvenaeghel G. Mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction: Results of a mono-centric 4-years cohort. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2020; 61:172-179. [PMID: 33437474 PMCID: PMC7787913 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oncological safety, quality of life and cosmetic outcomes seems to be similar between breast conserving surgery (BCS) and mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction (IBR). We report our experience of IBR for consecutive mastectomies realized in a recent period of four years in order to determined immediate surgical results according to type of mastectomy and type of reconstruction, as mains objectives. Methods All mastectomies with IBR during years 2016–2019 were included. A retrospective analysis with prospective data collection was performed. Results We analyzed 748 IBR: 353 nipple-sparing mastectomies (NSM), 391 skin-sparing mastectomies (SSM) and 4 standard mastectomies, 551 with definitive implant or expanders and 196 with latissimus dorsi-flap (LDF). More NSM were performed during the 2 last years and more LDF were performed for high BMI, high breast cup-size, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy and local recurrence. We realized 111 robotic NSM and 125 robotic LDF. Longer duration of surgery was significantly associated with the robotic procedures. The overall complications crude rate was 31.4% with 9.9% of re-operations and 5.8% of implant loss. Grade 2–3 complications were significantly associated with smoking. Breast complications occurred in 32.9% of mastectomies with principally skin or nipple-areola-complex suffering or necrosis, hematomas and infections. A predictive score was determined to evaluate risk of complications before surgery. Conclusion Mastectomy with IBR seems to be a safe technique with an acceptable complication rate which is increased by tobacco use, high breast cup-size and IBR-type. Mastectomy with immediate breast to determined immediate surgical results. More Nipple Sparing Mastectomy performed during the 2 last years. More Latissimus dorsi-flap performed for high BMI, high breast cup-size, after radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Quilichini
- Department of Surgery, Paoli Calmettes Institute, 232 Bd Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Barrou
- Department of Surgery, Paoli Calmettes Institute, 232 Bd Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Bannier
- Department of Surgery, Paoli Calmettes Institute, 232 Bd Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Rua
- Department of Surgery, Paoli Calmettes Institute, 232 Bd Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France
| | - Aurore Van Troy
- Department of Surgery, Paoli Calmettes Institute, 232 Bd Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France
| | - Laura Sabiani
- Department of Surgery, Paoli Calmettes Institute, 232 Bd Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Lambaudie
- Department of Surgery, Paoli Calmettes Institute & CRCM & Aix Marseille Univ, 232 Bd Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France
| | - Monique Cohen
- Department of Surgery, Paoli Calmettes Institute, 232 Bd Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France
| | - Gilles Houvenaeghel
- Department of Surgery, Paoli Calmettes Institute & CRCM & Aix Marseille Univ, 232 Bd Ste Marguerite, Marseille, France
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Loh ZJ, Wu TY, Cheng FTF. Evaluation of the Learning Curve in Robotic Nipple-sparing Mastectomy for Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 21:e279-e284. [PMID: 33189563 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study discusses the preliminary results of robotic nipple sparing mastectomy (R-NSM) in patients with breast cancer and analyzes the learning curve of the same surgeon in a single medical center. PATIENTS AND METHOD Patients with breast cancer from a single center who received R-NSM between 2018 to 2020 were recruited for clinical and pathologic tumor characteristics including family history, grade, type of tumor, treatment, and outcome. The learning curve for R-NSM was analyzed by using cumulative sum (CUSUM). RESULTS A total of 85 R-NSM procedures from 78 patients were evaluated. In the CUSUM plot analysis of the learning curve, a significant decrease in time for mastectomy, reconstruction, and total operation appeared in the 22nd, 23rd, and 26th procedures, respectively. Patients' body weight, gel implant size, and specimen weight had significant correlations with the time for mastectomy. Four (5.6%) patients had nipple partial ischemia, and 1 (1.4%) had total nipple necrosis. The mean follow-up was 11.4 ± 6.2 months; only 1 patient showed recurrence. CONCLUSION Robotic breast surgery is a feasible method with good cosmetic outcome under suitable patient selection. Oncologic safety is not a reason to stop its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Jun Loh
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Wu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fiona Tsui-Fen Cheng
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Kopkash K, Sisco M, Poli E, Seth A, Pesce C. The modern approach to the nipple‐sparing mastectomy. J Surg Oncol 2020; 122:29-35. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.25909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Kopkash
- Department of SurgeryNorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois
| | - Mark Sisco
- Division of Plastic SurgeryNorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois
| | - Elizabeth Poli
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Chicago Chicago Illinois
| | - Akhil Seth
- Division of Plastic SurgeryNorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois
| | - Catherine Pesce
- Department of SurgeryNorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois
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Risk-reducing mastectomy: a case series of 124 procedures in Brazilian patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 181:69-75. [PMID: 32215763 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05582-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Women with mutations in breast cancer predisposition genes have a significantly higher lifetime risk of developing breast cancer and can opt for risk-reducing mastectomy. Women with positive family history of cancer can also opt for prophylactic surgery as a preventive method in selected cases. Current studies showed reduced risk of developing breast cancer after prophylactic nipple-sparing mastectomy, however, despite the good clinical outcomes, one of the main concerns regarding nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) is the oncological safety of nipple-areola complex preservation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the indications, complication rates, and unfavorable events of 62 Brazilian patients that underwent risk-reducing NSM from 2004 to 2018. METHODS Patient data were reviewed retrospectively and descriptive statistics were utilized to summarize the findings. RESULTS The mean patients age was 43.8 years. The main indication for risk-reducing NSM was the presence of pathogenic mutation (53.3%), followed by atypia or lobular carcinoma in situ (25.8), and family history of breast cancer and/or ovarian cancer (20.9%). There were four (3.2%) incidental diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ and one invasive ductal carcinoma (0.8%). From the 124 prophylactic NSM performed, two (1.6%) complications had occurred: one (0.8%) infection and one (0.8%) partial nipple necrosis. In a mean follow-up of 50 months, there was one (1.6%) newly diagnosed breast cancer in the 62 patients undergoing prophylactic NSM. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated efficacy and safety to perform NSM as prophylactic surgery with good oncological outcomes and low complication rates in a case series of Brazilian patients.
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