1
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Ohno R, Ota K, Nishimura N, Taniguchi K, Kurokawa S, Wakabayashi T, Hatanaka M, Rosas-Sánchez A, Hashizume D, Matsuo T. Silicon Analogues of Cyclopropyl Radical Derived from a Highly Stable Cyclic Disilene Compound Featuring a Si-Br Bond. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39189610 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
A halogen-substituted cyclic disilene compound, bromocyclotrisilene, Si3Br(Eind)3 (3a), bearing fused-ring bulky Eind (a: R1 = R2 = Et) groups, has been synthesized as an extraordinarily air-stable compound by the reduction of 1,2-dibromodisilene, (Eind)BrSi═SiBr(Eind) (2a), or tribromosilane, (Eind)SiBr3 (1a), with the Mg or Li metal. The X-ray diffraction analysis of 3a showed that the disilene moiety has an almost planar, but slightly trans-bent structure. Even though 3a is quite air-stable both in solutions and in the solid state, its Si-Br bond is reactive under reducing conditions. The further treatment of 3a with the Li metal leads to the formation of room-temperature thermally stable silicon homologues of the cyclopropyl radical, i.e., the cyclotrisilanyl radicals (6a) [6a(syn) and 6a(anti)], via intramolecular C-H bond activation in a transient silicon homologue of the cyclopropenyl radical, i.e., the cyclotrisilenyl radical, [Si3(Eind)3]• (5a). The formation mechanism of 6a from 5a is discussed based on the theoretical calculations. The unique structural and electronic properties of these Si3 three-membered ring species incorporating the Eind groups have been experimentally and theoretically investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Ohno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kei Ota
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Nagisa Nishimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kanta Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shuma Kurokawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tomonari Wakabayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Miho Hatanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Alfredo Rosas-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44430, México
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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2
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Janssen M, Frederichs T, Olaru M, Lork E, Hupf E, Beckmann J. Synthesis of a stable crystalline nitrene. Science 2024; 385:318-321. [PMID: 38870274 DOI: 10.1126/science.adp4963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Nitrenes are a highly reactive, yet fundamental, compound class. They possess a monovalent nitrogen atom and usually a short life span, typically in the nanosecond range. Here, we report on the synthesis of a stable nitrene by photolysis of the arylazide MSFluindN3 (1), which gave rise to the quantitative formation of the arylnitrene MSFluindN (2) (MSFluind is dispiro[fluorene-9,3'-(1',1',7',7'-tetramethyl-s-hydrindacen-4'-yl)-5',9''-fluorene]) that remains unchanged for at least 3 days when stored under argon atmosphere at room temperature. The extraordinary life span permitted the full characterization of 2 by single-crystal x-ray crystallography, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, which supported a triplet ground state. Theoretical simulations suggest that in addition to the kinetic stabilization conferred by the bulky MSFluind aryl substituent, electron delocalization across the central aromatic ring contributes to the electron stabilization of 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Janssen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Thomas Frederichs
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Klagenfurther Str. 2-4, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Marian Olaru
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Enno Lork
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Emanuel Hupf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
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3
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Chen H, Chen W, Wang D, Chen Y, Liu Z, Ye S, Tan G, Gao S. An Isolable One-Coordinate Lead(I) Radical with Strong g-Factor Anisotropy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402093. [PMID: 38438306 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Lead-based radicals in the oxidation state of +1 are elusive species and are highly challenging to isolate in the condensed phase. In this study, we present the synthesis and characterization of the first isolable free plumbylyne radical 2 bearing a one-coordinate Pb(I) atom. It reacts with an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) to afford a two-coordinate NHC-ligated Pb(I) radical 3. 2 and 3 represent the first isolable Pb(I)-based radicals. Theoretical calculations and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis revealed that the unpaired electron mainly resides at the Pb 6p orbital in both radicals. Owing to the unique one-coordinate nature of the Pb atom in 2, it possesses two-fold orbital pseudo-degeneracy and substantial unquenched orbital angular momentum, and exhibits hitherto strongest g-factor anisotropy (gx,y,z=1.496, 1.166, 0.683) amongst main group radicals. Preliminary investigations into the reactivity of 2 unveiled its Pb-centered radical nature, and plumbylenes were isolated as products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dongmin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yizhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Gengwen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Song Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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4
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Weinert HM, Wölper C, Radović A, Cutsail GE, Siera H, Haberhauer G, Schulz S. From Neutral Diarsenes to Diarsene Radical Ions and Diarsene Dications. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400204. [PMID: 38391392 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Diarsene [L(MeO)GaAs]2 (L=HC[C(Me)N(Ar)]2, Ar=2,6-iPr2C6H3, 4) reacts with MeOTf and MeNHC (MeNHC=1,3,4,5-tetra-methylimidazol-2-ylidene) to the diarsene [L(TfO)GaAs]2 (5) and the carbene-coordinated diarsene [L(MeO)GaAsAs(MeNHC)Ga(OMe)L] (6). The NHC-coordination results in an inversion of the redox properties of the diarsene 4, which shows only a reversible reduction event at E1/2=-2.06 V vs Fc0/+1, whereas the carbene-coordinated diarsene 6 shows a reversible oxidation event at E1/2=-1.31 V vs Fc0/+1. Single electron transfer reactions of 4 and 6 yielded [K[2.2.2.]cryp][L(MeO)GaAs]2 (8) and [L(MeO)GaAsAs(MeNHC)-Ga(OMe)L][B(C6F5)4] (9) containing the radical anion [L(MeO)GaAs]2⋅- (8⋅-) and the NHC-coordinated radical cation [L(MeO)GaAsAs(MeNHC)Ga(OMe)L]⋅+ (9⋅+), respectively, while the salt-elimination reaction of the triflate-coordinated diarsene 5 with Na[B(C6F5)4] gave [LGaAs]2[B(C6F5)4]2 (11) containing the dication [LGaAs]2 2+ (112+). Compounds 1-11 were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, EPR (8, 9), IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy and by single crystal X-ray diffraction (sc-XRD). DFT calculations provided a detailed understanding of the electronic nature of the diarsenes (4, 6) and the radical ions (8⋅-, 9⋅+), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanns Micha Weinert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Aleksa Radović
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion (CEC), Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim a. d. Ruhr, Germany
| | - George E Cutsail
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion (CEC), Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim a. d. Ruhr, Germany
| | - Hannah Siera
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
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5
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Mochihara K, Morimoto T, Ota K, Marumoto S, Hashizume D, Matsuo T. Approach to the "Missing" Diarylsilylene: Formation, Characterization, and Intramolecular C-H Bond Activation of Blue Diarylsilylenes with Bulky Rind Groups. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3761. [PMID: 38612569 PMCID: PMC11011690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of the bulky Rind-based dibromosilanes, (Rind)2SiBr2 (2) [Rind = 1,1,7,7-tetra-R1-3,3,5,5-tetra-R2-s-hydrindacen-4-yl: EMind (a: R1 = Et, R2 = Me) and Eind (b: R1 = R2 = Et)], with two equivalents of tBuLi in Et2O at low temperatures resulted in the formation of blue solutions derived from the diarylsilylenes, (Rind)2Si: (3). Upon warming the solutions above -20 °C, the blue color gradually faded, accompanying the decomposition of 3 and yielding cyclic hydrosilanes (4) via intramolecular C-H bond insertion at the Si(II) center. The molecular structures of the bulky Eind-based 3b and 4b were confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Thus, at -20 °C, blue crystals were formed (Crystal-A), which were identified as mixed crystals of 3b and 4b. Additionally, colorless crystals of 4b as a singular component were isolated (Crystal-B), whose structure was also determined by an X-ray diffraction analysis. Although the isolation of 3 was difficult due to their thermally labile nature, their structural characteristics and electronic properties were discussed based on the experimental findings complemented by computational results. We also examined the hydrolysis of 3b to afford the silanol, (Eind)2SiH(OH) (5b).
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Grants
- JP20109003, JP15H00964, JP15H03788, 18K05160, 21K05091, 22K20561 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- #2016-94, #2017-99, #2018-110, #2019-120, #2020-126, #2021-130, #2022-134 Collaborative Research Program of The Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Mochihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.O.)
| | - Tatsuto Morimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.O.)
| | - Kei Ota
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.O.)
| | - Shinsuke Marumoto
- Joint Research Center, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.O.)
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6
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Kawase Y, Tsujimoto S, Obayashi T, Kimura S, Ito K, Ikoma S, Ota K, Hashizume D, Matsuo T. Selective monooxygenation of diphosphenes with molecular oxygen. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1956-1960. [PMID: 38235826 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04348g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The O2 splitting mediated by the bulky Rind-based diphosphenes resulted in the clean formation of the mixed-valent diphosphorus compounds, diphosphene oxides, with P2O moieties. Their structural features and electronic properties have been clearly characterized by experimental and theoretical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuria Kawase
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Shota Tsujimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Obayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Kimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Kanta Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Shotaro Ikoma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Kei Ota
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
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7
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Chen H, Chen Y, Li T, Wang D, Xu L, Tan G. Synthesis and Reactivity of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Coordinated Formal Germanimidoyl-Phosphinidenes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:20906-20912. [PMID: 38095884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligated germylidenylphosphinidene MsFluidtBu-GeP(NHCiPr) (where MsFluidtBu is a bulky hydrindacene substituent, and NHCiPr is 1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene) with mesityl azide and 4-tertbutylphenyl azide afforded NHC coordinated formal germanimidoyl-phosphinidenes, which represent the first compounds bearing both Ge═N double bond and phosphinidene functionalities. Studies of the chemical properties revealed that the reactions preferred to occur at the Ge═N double bond, which underwent [2 + 2] cycloadditions with CO2 and ethyl isocyanate, and coordinated with coinage metals through the nitrogen atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Chen
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganicand Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yizhen Chen
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganicand Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tong Li
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dongmin Wang
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganicand Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Data Engineering and Knowledge Service, Key Laboratory of Data Intelligence and Interdisciplinary Innovation, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Gengwen Tan
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganicand Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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8
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Matsuoka M, Nagata K, Ohno R, Matsuo T, Tobita H, Hashimoto H. Neutral Chromium Complex with a Cr≡Si Triple Bond: Synthesis and Photoinduced H-H and Benzene C-H Bond Activation. Chemistry 2023:e202303765. [PMID: 38088491 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
A neutral silylyne complex with a Cr≡Si triple bond was prepared by dehydrogenation of a chromium silylene complex with Cr-H and Si-H bonds, and was isolated as monomeric crystals, unlike dimeric forms of its tungsten and molybdenum congeners. The strong Cr(δ-)-Si(δ+) bond polarity was revealed by the reaction with MeOH and DFT calculations. The chromium silylyne complex reacted with H2 under LED (365 nm) irradiation to reproduce the precursor silylene complex with a (H)Cr=Si(H) moiety, as a result of 1,2-H-H addition across the Cr≡Si triple bond. Similarly, the chromium silylyne complex reacted with benzene under irradiation to afford an 1,2-addition product with a (H)Cr=Si(Ph) moiety, via benzene C-H bond activation accompanied by Si-C bond forming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Matsuoka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Koichi Nagata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ryoma Ohno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi, Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi, Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tobita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hisako Hashimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
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9
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Carsch KM, North SC, DiMucci IM, Iliescu A, Vojáčková P, Khazanov T, Zheng SL, Cundari TR, Lancaster KM, Betley TA. Nitrene transfer from a sterically confined copper nitrenoid dipyrrin complex. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10847-10860. [PMID: 37829016 PMCID: PMC10566472 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03641c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the myriad Cu-catalyzed nitrene transfer methodologies to form new C-N bonds (e.g., amination, aziridination), the critical reaction intermediates have largely eluded direct characterization due to their inherent reactivity. Herein, we report the synthesis of dipyrrin-supported Cu nitrenoid adducts, investigate their spectroscopic features, and probe their nitrene transfer chemistry through detailed mechanistic analyses. Treatment of the dipyrrin CuI complexes with substituted organoazides affords terminally ligated organoazide adducts with minimal activation of the azide unit as evidenced by vibrational spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The Cu nitrenoid, with an electronic structure most consistent with a triplet nitrene adduct of CuI, is accessed following geometric rearrangement of the azide adduct from κ1-N terminal ligation to κ1-N internal ligation with subsequent expulsion of N2. For perfluorinated arylazides, stoichiometric and catalytic C-H amination and aziridination was observed. Mechanistic analysis employing substrate competition reveals an enthalpically-controlled, electrophilic nitrene transfer for primary and secondary C-H bonds. Kinetic analyses for catalytic amination using tetrahydrofuran as a model substrate reveal pseudo-first order kinetics under relevant amination conditions with a first-order dependence on both Cu and organoazide. Activation parameters determined from Eyring analysis (ΔH‡ = 9.2(2) kcal mol-1, ΔS‡ = -42(2) cal mol-1 K-1, ΔG‡298K = 21.7(2) kcal mol-1) and parallel kinetic isotope effect measurements (1.10(2)) are consistent with rate-limiting Cu nitrenoid formation, followed by a proposed stepwise hydrogen-atom abstraction and rapid radical recombination to furnish the resulting C-N bond. The proposed mechanism and experimental analysis are further corroborated by density functional theory calculations. Multiconfigurational calculations provide insight into the electronic structure of the catalytically relevant Cu nitrene intermediates. The findings presented herein will assist in the development of future methodology for Cu-mediated C-N bond forming catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurtis M Carsch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Sasha C North
- Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton TX 76203 USA
| | - Ida M DiMucci
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Andrei Iliescu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Petra Vojáčková
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Thomas Khazanov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Shao-Liang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Thomas R Cundari
- Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton TX 76203 USA
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Theodore A Betley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
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10
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Zander E, Bresien J, Zhivonitko VV, Fessler J, Villinger A, Michalik D, Schulz A. Rational Design of Persistent Phosphorus-Centered Singlet Tetraradicals and Their Use in Small-Molecule Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37315222 PMCID: PMC10368346 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biradicals are important intermediates in the process of bond formation and breaking. While main-group-element-centered biradicals have been thoroughly studied, much less is known about tetraradicals, as their very low stability has hampered their isolation and use in small-molecule activation. Herein, we describe the search for persistent phosphorus-centered tetraradicals. Starting from an s-hydrindacenyl skeleton, we investigated the introduction of four phosphorus-based radical sites linked by an N-R unit and bridged by a benzene moiety. By varying the size of the substituent R, we finally succeeded in isolating a persistent P-centered singlet tetraradical, 2,6-diaza-1,3,5,7-tetraphospha-s-hydrindacene-1,3,5,7-tetrayl (1), in good yields. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that tetraradical 1 can be utilized for the activation of small molecules such as molecular hydrogen or alkynes. In addition to the synthesis of P-centered tetraradicals, the comparison with other known tetraradicals as well as biradicals is described on the basis of quantum mechanical calculations with respect to its multireference character, coupling of radical electrons, and aromaticity. The strong coupling of radical electrons enables selective discrimination between the first and the second activations of small molecules, which is shown by the example of H2 addition. The mechanism of hydrogen addition is investigated with parahydrogen-induced hyperpolarization NMR studies and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Zander
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jonas Bresien
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Fessler
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Dirk Michalik
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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11
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Zeng X, Li Y, Min QQ, Xue XS, Zhang X. Copper-catalysed difluorocarbene transfer enables modular synthesis. Nat Chem 2023:10.1038/s41557-023-01236-8. [PMID: 37308708 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01236-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of metal catalysts to produce and control the reactivity of carbenes has long offered a powerful approach to organic synthesis; however, difluorocarbene transfer catalysed by metal is an outlier and remains a substantial challenge. In that context, copper difluorocarbene chemistry has been elusive so far. Here we report the design, synthesis, characterization and reactivity of isolable copper(I) difluorocarbene complexes, which enable the development of a copper-catalysed difluorocarbene transfer reaction. The method offers a strategy for the modular synthesis of organofluorine compounds from simple and readily available components. This strategy facilitates a modular difluoroalkylation by coupling difluorocarbene with two inexpensive feedstocks, silyl enol ethers and allyl/propargyl bromides, in a one-pot reaction via copper catalysis, providing a diversity of difluoromethylene-containing products without laborious multistep synthesis. The approach enables access to various fluorinated skeletons of medicinal interest. Mechanistic and computational studies consistently reveal a mechanism involving nucleophilic addition to an electrophilic copper(I) difluorocarbene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Li
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Min
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Song Xue
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Pang Y, Nöthling N, Leutzsch M, Kang L, Bill E, van Gastel M, Reijerse E, Goddard R, Wagner L, SantaLucia D, DeBeer S, Neese F, Cornella J. Synthesis and isolation of a triplet bismuthinidene with a quenched magnetic response. Science 2023:eadg2833. [PMID: 37200451 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg2833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Large Spin-Orbit Coupling (SOC) is an intrinsic property of the heavy-elements that directly affects the electronic structures of the compounds. Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of a mono-coordinate bismuthinidene featuring a rigid and bulky ligand. All magnetic measurements (SQUID, NMR) point to a diamagnetic compound. However, multiconfigurational quantum chemical calculations predict the ground state of the compound to be dominated (76%) by a spin-triplet. The apparent diamagnetism is explained by an extremely large SOC induced positive zero-field-splitting of more than 4500 cm-1 that leaves the MS = 0 magnetic sublevel thermally isolated in the electronic ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Pang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Liqun Kang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Edward Reijerse
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Richard Goddard
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Lucas Wagner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Daniel SantaLucia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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13
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Janssen M, Mebs S, Beckmann J. Kinetically Stabilized Diarylpnictogenium Ions. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200429. [PMID: 36670087 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The newly prepared and fully characterized stibenium and bismuthenium ions [Rind MesE]+ (E=Sb, Bi; Rind =dispiro[fluorene-9,3'-(1',1',7',7'-tetramethyl-s-hydrindacen-4'-yl)-5',9''-fluorene) were rigorously compared to the previously communicated phosphenium and arsenium ions (E=P, As) as well as the bis(m-terphenyl) pnictogenium ions [(2,6-Mes2 C6 H3 )2 E]+ (E=Sb, Bi). It is demonstrated that the choice of the aryl substituents dramatically effects the molecular structures (e. g. the primary E-C bond lengths) and the electronic structures (e. g. the energy of the LUMOs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Janssen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
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14
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An isolable germylyne radical with a one-coordinate germanium atom. Nat Chem 2023; 15:200-205. [PMID: 36344822 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Carbynes (R-[Formula: see text]), species that bear a monovalent carbon atom with three non-bonding valence electrons, are important intermediates and potentially useful in organic synthetic chemistry. However, free species of the type R-[Formula: see text] of any group 14 element (E) have eluded isolation in the condensed phase due to their high reactivity. Here we report the isolation, characterization and reactivity of a crystalline germylyne radical by using a sterically hindered hydrindacene ligand. The germylyne radical bears an essentially one-coordinate germanium atom as shown by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic studies and theoretical calculations show that the germylyne radical features a doublet ground state, and the three non-bonding valence electrons at the germanium atom contribute to the lone pair of electrons as the highest occupied molecular orbital-3 and one unpaired electron as the singly occupied molecular orbital.
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15
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Yagura S, Hayakawa N, Kuroda A, Ota K, Tanishita R, Urasaki G, Nakahodo T, Nakai H, Hoshino M, Hashizume D, Matsuo T. A series of ( E)-1,2-diaryldigermenes incorporating bulky Eind groups: structural characteristics and absorption properties. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:18633-18641. [PMID: 36448427 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of (E)-1,2-diaryldigermenes, (Eind)ArGeGeAr(Eind) [Ar = phenyl (2), thiophen-2-yl (3), 9,9-dimethyl-2-fluorenyl (4) and 2,2'-bithiophen-5-yl (5)], supported by the fused-ring bulky 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octaethyl-s-hydrindacen-4-yl (Eind) groups, have been obtained as yellow-orange to red crystalline solids by the reaction of 1,2-dibromodigermene, (Eind)BrGeGeBr(Eind) (1), with ArLi. In the crystals of 2-5, the digermene cores show a flexible nature adopting a trans-bent geometry with the trans-bent angles (θ) between the Ge-Ge vector and the CEind-Ge-CAr plane of 34.04(12)° (2), 38.3(3)° and 38.8(3)° (3), 33.69(12)° (4) and 39.30(13)° (5). In the UV-vis spectra, strong π-π* absorptions have been observed with an absorption maximum at 451 nm (ε = 1.3 × 104) (2), 455 nm (ε = 9.7 × 103) (3), 480 nm (ε = 1.3 × 104) (4) and 497 nm (ε = 1.4 × 104) (5), retaining the GeGe double bond in solution. The absorption data and DFT calculations provide evidence for the intrinsic π-conjugation between the GeGe chromophore and aromatic rings involving the narrowing of the HOMO-LUMO gaps (ΔE) with the extension of the carbon π-electron systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Yagura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Naoki Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Airi Kuroda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Kei Ota
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Rhota Tanishita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Genya Urasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Tsukasa Nakahodo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Hidetaka Nakai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Manabu Hoshino
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
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16
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Iwata K, Egawa Y, Yamanishi K, Tsuji H. Preparation of 2,3-Dibromo-1 H-indenes and Tetrabromodihydro- s-indacenes as Synthetic Building Blocks. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13882-13890. [PMID: 36226725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The acid-induced intramolecular cyclization of 1,1-disubstituted 3-aryl-2,3-dibromoallylalcohols affords 2,3-dibromo-1H-indene derivatives. This method is also applicable to the preparation of tetrabromodihydro-s-indacenes. The thus obtained multi-brominated compounds can serve as versatile synthetic building blocks to obtain a variety of indene and indacene derivatives, as demonstrated by the synthesis of dialkylmethylene-bridged oligo(phenylenevinylene)s, which feature attractive photophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Iwata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Tsuchiya 2946, Hiratsuka 259-1293, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Egawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Tsuchiya 2946, Hiratsuka 259-1293, Japan
| | - Katsunori Yamanishi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Tsuchiya 2946, Hiratsuka 259-1293, Japan
| | - Hayato Tsuji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Tsuchiya 2946, Hiratsuka 259-1293, Japan
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17
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Kuroda A, Fujita N, Horita T, Ota K, Rosas-Sánchez A, Hoshino M, Hashizume D, Matsuo T. Formation and Reactions of Ge=O Double-Bonded Species Bearing EMind Groups. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Airi Kuroda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Naoko Fujita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tomomi Horita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kei Ota
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Alfredo Rosas-Sánchez
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, esq. Olímpica, C.P. 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Manabu Hoshino
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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18
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He Y, Dai C, Wang D, Zhu J, Tan G. Phosphine-Stabilized Germylidenylpnictinidenes as Synthetic Equivalents of Heavier Nitrile and Isocyanide in Cycloaddition Reactions with Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5126-5135. [PMID: 35263091 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of chlorogermylene MsFluindtBu-GeCl 1, supported by a sterically encumbered hydrindacene ligand MsFluindtBu, with NaPCO(dioxane)2.5 and NaAsCO(18-c-6) in the presence of trimethylphosphine afforded trimethylphosphine-stabilized germylidenyl-phosphinidene 2 and -arsinidene 3, respectively. Structural and computational investigations reveal that the Ge-E' bond (E' = P and As) features a multiple-bond character. 2 and 3 exhibit diverse reactivity toward trimethylsilylacetylene and 4-tetrabutylphenylacetylene. Specifically, 2 underwent cycloadditions with both alkynes affording the first six-membered aromatic phosphagermabenzen-1-ylidenes 4 and 5, respectively, through the heavier isocyanide intermediate MsFluindtBu-PGe. In contrast, 3 could serve as a synthetic equivalent of heavier isocyanides and nitriles when treated with trimethylsilylacetylene and 4-tetrabutylphenylacetylene yielding arsagermene 6 and arsolylgermylene 7, respectively. The reaction mechanisms for the cycloadditions were investigated through density functional theory calculations. The reactivity studies highlight the potential of 2 and 3 in accessing heavy main-group element-containing heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chenshu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Dongmin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Gengwen Tan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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19
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Abe T, Ishida S, Iwamoto T. A Thermally Robust Cyclic Dialkylsilylene. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578
| | - Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578
| | - Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578
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20
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Carsch KM, Iliescu A, McGillicuddy RD, Mason JA, Betley TA. Reversible Scavenging of Dioxygen from Air by a Copper Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18346-18352. [PMID: 34672573 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report that exposing the dipyrrin complex (EMindL)Cu(N2) to air affords rapid, quantitative uptake of O2 in either solution or the solid-state to yield (EMindL)Cu(O2). The air and thermal stability of (EMindL)Cu(O2) is unparalleled in molecular copper-dioxygen coordination chemistry, attributable to the ligand flanking groups which preclude the [Cu(O2)]1+ core from degradation. Despite the apparent stability of (EMindL)Cu(O2), dioxygen binding is reversible over multiple cycles with competitive solvent exchange, thermal cycling, and redox manipulations. Additionally, rapid, catalytic oxidation of 1,2-diphenylhydrazine to azoarene with the generation of hydrogen peroxide is observed, through the intermittency of an observable (EMindL)Cu(H2O2) adduct. The design principles gleaned from this study can provide insight for the formation of new materials capable of reversible scavenging of O2 from air under ambient conditions with low-coordinate CuI sorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurtis M Carsch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Andrei Iliescu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Ryan D McGillicuddy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jarad A Mason
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Theodore A Betley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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21
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Olaru M, Mebs S, Beckmann J. Kationische Carben‐Analoga: Donorfreie Phosphenium‐ und Arsenium‐Ionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian Olaru
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 7 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 7 28359 Bremen Germany
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22
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Olaru M, Mebs S, Beckmann J. Cationic Carbene Analogues: Donor-Free Phosphenium and Arsenium Ions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19133-19138. [PMID: 34219354 PMCID: PMC8456819 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbenes and their analogues have constantly enthralled chemists with their intriguing reactivity of ambiphilic character stemming from their electronic structures. Phosphenium and arsenium ions are fiercely reactive cationic species, the stabilization of which has been so far achieved in the condensed phase by dispersing the positive charge through electromeric conjugation with at least one electron-rich substituent (frequently amido groups). Although observed in the gas phase, the isolation of dicoordinate phosphenium and arsenium ions lacking such stabilizing ligands has eluded chemists for decades. Herein we show that by judicious choice of aromatic substituents, dicoordinate, donor-free, Lewis-superacidic phosphenium and arsenium ions can be kinetically stabilized. They feature singlet electronic ground states possessing a vacant p-orbital and an electron lone pair with predominantly s-character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Olaru
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und KristallographieUniversität BremenLeobener Straße 728359BremenGermany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für ExperimentalphysikFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 1414195BerlinGermany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und KristallographieUniversität BremenLeobener Straße 728359BremenGermany
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23
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Ohno R, Numata Y, Konaka S, Yagura S, Kuroda A, Harada M, Fujita N, Hayakawa N, Nakai H, Rosas-Sánchez A, Hashizume D, Matsuo T. Synthesis and Characterization of a Series of Diarylgermylenes and Dihalodigermenes Having Fused-Ring Bulky “Rind” Groups. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Ohno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Numata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Konaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shogo Yagura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Airi Kuroda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Mao Harada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Naoko Fujita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Nakai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Alfredo Rosas-Sánchez
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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24
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Numata Y, Nishikawa Y, Inoue K, Ohnishi H, Konaka S, Tanikawa T, Hashizume D, Matsuo T. A Series of Room-Temperature Thermally Stable Bromostannylenes Bearing the Bulky Rind Group: Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structures. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Numata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yuri Nishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Konan Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohnishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Konaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Tanikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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25
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Himeno R, Ito S, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. Synthesis, crystal structure, solid-state optical property and C–H activation of sp 3 carbon of highly-stable 1-(2′,6′-dimesitylphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetraphenylborole. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04666g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized a borole having near-infrared absorption and found transformation to the unexpected fused molecule through C–H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Himeno
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shunichiro Ito
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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26
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Carsch KM, DiMucci IM, Iovan DA, Li A, Zheng SL, Titus CJ, Lee SJ, Irwin KD, Nordlund D, Lancaster KM, Betley TA. Synthesis of a copper-supported triplet nitrene complex pertinent to copper-catalyzed amination. Science 2020; 365:1138-1143. [PMID: 31515388 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax4423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Terminal copper-nitrenoid complexes have inspired interest in their fundamental bonding structures as well as their putative intermediacy in catalytic nitrene-transfer reactions. Here, we report that aryl azides react with a copper(I) dinitrogen complex bearing a sterically encumbered dipyrrin ligand to produce terminal copper nitrene complexes with near-linear, short copper-nitrenoid bonds [1.745(2) to 1.759(2) angstroms]. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and quantum chemistry calculations reveal a predominantly triplet nitrene adduct bound to copper(I), as opposed to copper(II) or copper(III) assignments, indicating the absence of a copper-nitrogen multiple-bond character. Employing electron-deficient aryl azides renders the copper nitrene species competent for alkane amination and alkene aziridination, lending further credence to the intermediacy of this species in proposed nitrene-transfer mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurtis M Carsch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ida M DiMucci
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Diana A Iovan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alex Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shao-Liang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles J Titus
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Irwin
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Theodore A Betley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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27
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Takeuchi K, Tanaka Y, Tanigawa I, Ozawa F, Choi JC. Cu(i) complex bearing a PNP-pincer-type phosphaalkene ligand with a bulky fused-ring Eind group: properties and applications to FLP-type bond activation and catalytic CO 2 reduction. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:3630-3637. [PMID: 32129407 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00276c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of [Cu(Eind2-BPEP)][PF6] (2) (Eind2-BPEP = 2,6-bis(2-Eind-2-phosphaethenyl)pyridine, Eind = 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octaethyl-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-s-indacen-4-yl), a three-coordinated Cu(i) complex bearing a PNP-pincer-type phosphaalkene ligand with bulky fused-ring Eind groups. The Gutmann-Beckett test revealed that complex 2 is highly Lewis acidic and comparable in strength to B(C6F5)3, which is a relatively strong Lewis acid. In addition, 2 is more Lewis acidic than [Cu(Mes*2-BPEP)][PF6] (3), the analogous complex with less-bulky Mes* instead of Eind groups. DFT calculations using model compounds revealed that the higher Lewis acidity of 2 compared to 3 is not due to the electronic effects of the ligand, but due to a reduction in the LUMO energy caused by the steric effect of the bulky Eind groups. When combined with a tertiary amine, the highly Lewis acidic and bulky 2 exhibits the reactivity of a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) and can activate hydrogen and phenylacetylene. Complexes 2 and 3 were found to catalyze the hydrogenation and hydrosilylation of CO2 in the presence of DBU under relatively mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Takeuchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Yuto Tanaka
- International Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Ippei Tanigawa
- International Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Ozawa
- International Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Jun-Chul Choi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
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28
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Fujita N, Li L, Lentz N, Konaka S, Kuroda A, Ohno R, Hayakawa N, Tamao K, Madec D, Kato T, Rosas-Sánchez A, Hashizume D, Matsuo T. Comparison of the Chemical Bonding in (Eind)2Ge=E (E = O and S): Synthesis and Characterization of Germanethione Bearing Bulky Eind Groups. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Fujita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Liangchun Li
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Nicolas Lentz
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, and CNRS, LHFA UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Shigeaki Konaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Airi Kuroda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Ryoma Ohno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kohei Tamao
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - David Madec
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, and CNRS, LHFA UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Tsuyoshi Kato
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, and CNRS, LHFA UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Alfredo Rosas-Sánchez
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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29
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Abstract
The reaction of the bulky Eind-based dialumane, (Eind)HAl(μ-H)2AlH(Eind) (1) (Eind = 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octaethyl-s-hydrindacen-4-yl), with pyridines is described. When 1 was treated with pyridine (Py) in toluene, the Py adduct of aryldihydroalumane, Py→AlH2(Eind) (2), was initially formed. Then, the hydroalumination of Py took place to yield the Py-bound aryl(1,4-dihydropyrid-1-yl)hydroalumane, Py→AlH(1,4-dihydropyrid-1-yl)(Eind) (3). A similar reaction with a stronger Lewis base, 4-pyrrolidinopyridine (PPy), produced the stable PPy adduct, PPy→AlH2(Eind) (4). The resulting organoaluminum compounds have been fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy as well as X-ray crystallography. The reaction mechanism from 1 to 3 via 2 has been examined by deuterium labeling experiments using (Eind)DAl(μ-D)2AlD(Eind) (1-d4).
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30
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Yoshimoto T, Hashimoto H, Takagi N, Sakaki S, Hayakawa N, Matsuo T, Tobita H. Reactions of a Silylyne Complex with Aldehydes: Formation of W-Si-O-C Four-Membered Metallacycles and Their Metathesis-Like Fragmentation. Chemistry 2019; 25:3795-3798. [PMID: 30706971 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A tungsten silylyne complex having a W≡Si triple bond reacted with two molecules of aldehydes at room temperature to give W-Si-O-C four-membered metallacycles by [2+2] cycloaddition and subsequent formyl hydrogen transfer from one aldehyde molecule to another. Upon heating to 70 °C, the four-membered metallacycles underwent metathesis-like fragmentation cleanly to afford carbyne complexes and "silanoic esters," in a manner similar to that of metallacyclobutadiene, an intermediate of alkyne metathesis reactions, and dimerization of the latter products gave 1,3-cyclodisiloxanes. The "silanoic ester" was also trapped by pivalaldehyde to give a [2+2] cycloaddition product in high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hisako Hashimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Nozomi Takagi
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8245, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8245, Japan.,Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8103, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tobita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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31
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Yukimoto M, Minoura M. The Synthesis of a Novel Bulky Primary Alkyl Group and Its Application toward the Kinetic Stabilization of a Tetraalkyldisilene. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Yukimoto
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Mao Minoura
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
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32
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Suzuki K, Numata Y, Fujita N, Hayakawa N, Tanikawa T, Hashizume D, Tamao K, Fueno H, Tanaka K, Matsuo T. A stable free tetragermacyclobutadiene incorporating fused-ring bulky EMind groups. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:2200-2203. [PMID: 29354837 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09443d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first free cyclobutadiene (CBD) germanium analogue was obtained as room-temperature stable dark red crystals via the reaction of the bulky EMind-substituted 1,2-dichlorodigermene with lithium naphthalenide. The cyclic 4π-electron antiaromaticity is essentially stabilized by the polar Jahn-Teller distortion in the germanium CBD producing a planar rhombic-shaped charge-separated structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Suzuki
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute (ASI), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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33
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Synthesis and Characterization of N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Coordinated Silicon Compounds Bearing a Fused-Ring Bulky Eind Group. INORGANICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics6010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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34
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Matsuo T, Hayakawa N. π-Electron systems containing Si=Si double bonds. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2018; 19:108-129. [PMID: 29467912 PMCID: PMC5814778 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2017.1414552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sterically large substituents can provide kinetic stabilization to various types of low-coordinate compounds. For example, regarding the chemistry of the group 14 elements, since West et al. introduced the concept of kinetic protection of the otherwise highly reactive Si=Si double bond by bulky mesityl (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) groups in 1981, a number of unsaturated compounds of silicon and its group homologs have been successfully isolated by steric effects using the appropriate large substituents. However, the functions and applications of the Si-Si π-bonds consisting of the 3pπ electrons on the formally sp2-hybridized silicon atoms have rarely been explored until 10 years ago, when Scheschkewitz and Tamao independently reported the model systems of the oligo(p-phenylenedisilenylene)s (Si-OPVs) in 2007. This review focuses on the recent advances in the chemistry of π-electron systems containing Si=Si double bonds, mainly published in the last decade. The synthesis, characterization, and potential application of a variety of donor-free π-conjugated disilene compounds are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
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35
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Hayakawa N, Sugahara T, Numata Y, Kawaai H, Yamatani K, Nishimura S, Goda S, Suzuki Y, Tanikawa T, Nakai H, Hashizume D, Sasamori T, Tokitoh N, Matsuo T. 1,2-Dihalodigermenes bearing bulky Eind groups: synthesis, characterization, and conversion to halogermylenoids. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:814-822. [PMID: 29250632 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03819d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present the transformation of low-coordinate germanium(ii) compounds.
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36
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NHC-induced conversion of a W–Ge double bond into the triple bond through formation of W–Ge single and double bonded intermediates. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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37
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Hayakawa N, Nishimura S, Kazusa N, Shintani N, Nakahodo T, Fujihara H, Hoshino M, Hashizume D, Matsuo T. π-Conjugation between a Si═Si Double Bond and Thiophene Rings: Synthesis, Structural Characteristics, and Photophysical Properties of 1,2-Bis(thiophen-2-yl)disilene and 1,2-Bis(2,2′-bithiophen-5-yl)disilene. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hayakawa
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shogo Nishimura
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kazusa
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Nozomu Shintani
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Nakahodo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hisashi Fujihara
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Manabu Hoshino
- Materials
Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials
Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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38
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Otani T, Miyoshi M, Shibata T, Matsuo T, Hashizume D, Tamao K. Thermally Stable Monosubstituted Thiophene 1-Oxide and 1-Imides Stabilized by a Bulky Rind Group at Their 3-Position: Synthesis, Structure, and Inversion Barriers on the Sulfur Atom. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Otani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
- Course of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Anan College, 265 Aoki Minobayashi, Anan, Tokushima 774-0017
| | - Mayu Miyoshi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555
| | - Takanori Shibata
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Kohei Tamao
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
- RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
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39
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Hayakawa N, Sadamori K, Tsujimoto S, Hatanaka M, Wakabayashi T, Matsuo T. Cleavage of a P=P Double Bond Mediated by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Kindai University; 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Kazuya Sadamori
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Kindai University; 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Shota Tsujimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Kindai University; 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Miho Hatanaka
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Kindai University; 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
- PRESTO (Japan) Science and Technology Agency (JST); 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
- Present address: Graduate School of Materials Science and Institute for Research Initiatives; Nara Institute of Science and Technology; 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Tomonari Wakabayashi
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Kindai University; 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Kindai University; 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
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40
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Hayakawa N, Sadamori K, Tsujimoto S, Hatanaka M, Wakabayashi T, Matsuo T. Cleavage of a P=P Double Bond Mediated by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:5765-5769. [PMID: 28429503 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of the bulky diphosphenes (Rind)P=P(Rind) (1; Rind=1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octa-R-substituted s-hydrindacen-4-yl) with two molecules of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC; 1,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene) resulted in the quantitative formation of the NHC-bound phosphinidenes NHC→P(Rind) (2), along with the cleavage of the P=P double bond. The reaction times are dependent on the steric size of the Rind groups (11 days for 2 a (R=Et) and 2 h for 2 b (R=Et, Me) at room temperature). The mechanism for the double bond-breaking is proposed to proceed via the formation of the NHC-coordinated, highly polarized diphospehenes 3 as an intermediate. Approach of a second NHC to 3 induces P-P bond cleavage and P-C bond formation, which proceeds through a transition state with a large negative Gibbs energy change to afford the two molecules of 2, thus being the rate-determining step of the overall reaction with the activation barriers of 80.4 for 2 a and 29.1 kJ mol-1 for 2 b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuya Sadamori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shota Tsujimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Miho Hatanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.,PRESTO (Japan) Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.,Present address: Graduate School of Materials Science and Institute for Research Initiatives, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tomonari Wakabayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
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41
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Yoshimoto T, Hashimoto H, Hayakawa N, Matsuo T, Tobita H. A Silylyne Tungsten Complex Having an Eind Group on Silicon: Its Dimer–Monomer Equilibrium and Cycloaddition Reactions with Carbodiimide and Diaryl Ketones. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshimoto
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 985-8578, Japan
| | - Hisako Hashimoto
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 985-8578, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayakawa
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tobita
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 985-8578, Japan
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42
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Murosaki T, Kaneda S, Maruhashi R, Sadamori K, Shoji Y, Tamao K, Hashizume D, Hayakawa N, Matsuo T. Synthesis and Structural Characteristics of Discrete Organoboron and Organoaluminum Hydrides Incorporating Bulky Eind Groups. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Murosaki
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shohei Kaneda
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Ryota Maruhashi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuya Sadamori
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Shoji
- Functional
Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute (ASI), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kohei Tamao
- Functional
Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute (ASI), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials
Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayakawa
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
- Functional
Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute (ASI), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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43
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Kanazawa S, Ohira T, Goda S, Hayakawa N, Tanikawa T, Hashizume D, Ishida Y, Kawaguchi H, Matsuo T. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Lithium and Titanium Complexes Bearing a Bulky Aryloxide Ligand Based on a Rigid Fused-Ring s-Hydrindacene Skeleton. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:6643-52. [PMID: 27284975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The bulky aryl alcohols, (Rind)OH (1) [Rind = EMind (a) and Eind (b)], based on the rigid fused-ring 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octa-R-substituted s-hydrindacene skeleton were prepared by the reaction of (Rind)Li with nitrobenzene followed by protonation. The treatment of 1 with (n)BuLi affords the lithium aryloxide dimers [(Rind)OLi(THF)]2 (2) or trimers [(Rind)OLi]3 (3), depending on the employed solvents (THF = tetrahydrofuran). The salt metathesis reaction of [(EMind)OLi(THF)]2 (2a) with TiCl4(THF)2 leads to the formation of the mononuclear diamagnetic mono- and bis(aryloxide) Ti(IV) complexes, [(EMind)O]TiCl3(THF) (4a) and [(EMind)O]2TiCl2 (5a). We also isolated a trace amount of the tris(aryloxide) Ti(IV) complex, [(EMind)O]3TiCl (6a). The reaction between 2a and TiCl3(THF)3 resulted in the isolation of the mononuclear paramagnetic mono- and bis(aryloxide) Ti(III) complexes, [(EMind)O]TiCl2(THF)2 (7a) and [(EMind)O]2TiCl(THF)2 (8a). The discrete monomeric structures of the titanium complexes 4a, 5a, 6a, 7a, and 8a were determined by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoya Kanazawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University , 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Taishi Ohira
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University , 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shun Goda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University , 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University , 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Tanikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University , 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ishida
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, ACT-C , 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University , 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, ACT-C , 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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44
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Goda S, Nikai M, Ito M, Hashizume D, Tamao K, Okazawa A, Kojima N, Fueno H, Tanaka K, Kobayashi Y, Matsuo T. Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Linear Two-coordinate Monomeric Diaryliron(II) Complexes Bearing Fused-ring Bulky “Rind” Groups. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Goda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University
| | - Masanori Nikai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University
| | - Mikinao Ito
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute (ASI)
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS)
| | - Kohei Tamao
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute (ASI)
| | - Atsushi Okazawa
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Norimichi Kojima
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hiroyuki Fueno
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
| | - Kazuyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, The University of Electro-Communications
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute (ASI)
- JST, PRESTO
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45
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Taguchi HO, Sasaki D, Takeuchi K, Tsujimoto S, Matsuo T, Tanaka H, Yoshizawa K, Ozawa F. Unsymmetrical PNP-Pincer Type Phosphaalkene Ligands Protected by a Fused-Ring Bulky Eind Group: Synthesis and Applications to Rh(I) and Ir(I) Complexes. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiro-omi Taguchi
- International
Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical
Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Daichi Sasaki
- International
Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical
Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Takeuchi
- International
Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical
Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shota Tsujimoto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanaka
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, International Research Center
for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, International Research Center
for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Ozawa
- International
Research Center for Elements Science (IRCELS), Institute for Chemical
Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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46
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Hayakawa N, Morimoto T, Takagi A, Tanikawa T, Hashizume D, Matsuo T. Synthesis and Structures of Sterically Congested Diarylsilanes Bearing Two Bulky Rind Groups. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.151191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University
| | - Tatsuto Morimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University
| | - Akihiro Takagi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University
| | - Tomoharu Tanikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University
- JST, PRESTO
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47
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Kobayashi M, Hayakawa N, Matsuo T, Li B, Fukunaga T, Hashizume D, Fueno H, Tanaka K, Tamao K. (Z)-1,2-Di(1-pyrenyl)disilene: Synthesis, Structure, and Intramolecular Charge-Transfer Emission. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:758-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Kobayashi
- Functional
Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1
Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayakawa
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Functional
Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1
Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
- JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho
Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Baolin Li
- Functional
Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1
Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takeo Fukunaga
- Materials
Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials
Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fueno
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Tanaka
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kohei Tamao
- Functional
Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1
Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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48
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Li L, Matsuo T, Hashizume D, Fueno H, Tanaka K, Tamao K. Coplanar Oligo(p-phenylenedisilenylene)s as Si═Si Analogues of Oligo(p-phenylenevinylene)s: Evidence for Extended π-Conjugation through the Carbon and Silicon π-Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15026-35. [PMID: 26560247 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b10113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of oligo(p-phenylenedisilenylene)s (Si-OPVs 1-4), silicon analogues of oligo(p-phenylenevinylene)s, up to the tetramer have been synthesized and isolated by the introduction of a newly developed protecting group [(HexO)MEind] for improving their solubility. The experimental and theoretical studies of the Si-OPVs 1-4 demonstrate the fully extended π-conjugation of the Si-OPV main chains. Single crystal X-ray analyses of the monomer 1 and the dimer 2 revealed the highly coplanar Si-OPV backbones facilitating the effective extension of the π-conjugation, which has further been validated by the significant increases in the absorption maxima from 465 nm for the monomer 1 to 610 nm for the tetramer 4. The absorption maxima exhibit an excellent fit to Meier's equation, leading to the estimation of an effective conjugation length (ECL) of 9 repeat units (nECL = 9) and the absorption maximum of 635 nm for the infinite chain (λ∞ = 635 nm). In sharp contrast to other nonemissive disilenes, the Si-OPVs 2-4 show an intense fluorescence from 613 to 668 nm at room temperature with the quantum yields up to 0.48. All the data presented here provide the first evidence for the efficient extended π-conjugation between the Si═Si double bonds and the carbon π-electron systems over the entire Si-OPV skeleton. This study reveals the possibility for developing the conjugated disilene π-systems, in which the Si═Si double bonds would be promising building blocks, significantly optimizing the intrinsic photophysical and electrochemical properties of the carbon-based π-conjugated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangchun Li
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fueno
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kohei Tamao
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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49
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Matsuo T, Tamao K. Fused-Ring Bulky “Rind” Groups Producing New Possibilities in Elemento-Organic Chemistry. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20150130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Matsuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University
- JST, PRESTO
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50
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Pan C, Zhao C, Takeuchi M, Sugiyasu K. Conjugated Oligomers and Polymers Sheathed with Designer Side Chains. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:1820-35. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjun Pan
- Organic Materials Group, Polymer Materials Unit; National Institute for Materials Science; 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
| | - Chunhui Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8577 Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- Organic Materials Group, Polymer Materials Unit; National Institute for Materials Science; 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8577 Japan
| | - Kazunori Sugiyasu
- Organic Materials Group, Polymer Materials Unit; National Institute for Materials Science; 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
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