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Xue J, Zhu Z, Zong Y, Huang C, Wang M. Oxidative Degradation of Dimethyl Phthalate (DMP) by the Fe(VI)/H 2O 2 Process. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:9467-9472. [PMID: 31460037 PMCID: PMC6648338 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the degradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) with hydrogen peroxide and ferrate (Fe(VI)) under various reaction conditions. The results showed that the optimum conditions for dimethyl phthalate removal from water were as follows: (a) pH 7.0 and (b) the original molar ratio of [Fe(VI)]/[H2O2]/[DMP] equal to 10:2:1. Under the optimum conditions, the degradation rate of DMP can reach 89.7% in 360 min. Furthermore, 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, isophthalic acid, 2-ethylhexanol, oxalic acid, 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,6-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and monomethyl phthalate were identified as the degradation intermediates, and degradation pathways were proposed.
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Deng J, Wu H, Wang S, Liu Y, Wang H. Removal of sulfapyridine by ferrate(VI): efficiency, influencing factors and oxidation pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:1585-1591. [PMID: 29319425 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1426642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The removal of sulfapyridine (SPY) by ferrate(VI) in aqueous solutions under a broad range of reaction conditions, including ferrate(VI) dosage, solution pH, natural organic matter and coexisting inorganic ions, was systematically investigated and the oxidation pathway of SPY by ferrate(VI) was deeply explored. Results showed that 500 µg/L of SPY was efficiently decomposed (86%) within 1 min by 5 mg/L ferrate(VI) at pH 5.6. The increment in ferrate(VI) dosage was surely favorable for SPY removal. The best SPY degradation was achieved at pH 5.6, under or above which the removal decreased. The introduction of inorganic ions in solutions retarded SPY removal. Ten oxidation intermediates were identified and the cleavages of C-S and S-N bonds might be the primary ways of SPY oxidation by ferrate(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Deng
- a School of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Huadan Wu
- a School of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Sujuan Wang
- a School of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Yibing Liu
- a School of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- a School of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China
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Feng M, Baum JC, Nesnas N, Lee Y, Huang CH, Sharma VK. Oxidation of Sulfonamide Antibiotics of Six-Membered Heterocyclic Moiety by Ferrate(VI): Kinetics and Mechanistic Insight into SO 2 Extrusion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:2695-2704. [PMID: 30715861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This work presents ferrate(VI) (FeVIO42-, FeVI) oxidation of a wide range of sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) containing five- and six-membered heterocyclic moieties ( R) in their molecular structures. Kinetics measurements of the reactions between FeVI and SAs at different pH (6.5-10.0) give species-specific second-order rate constants, k5 and k6 of the reactions of protonated FeVI (HFeO4-) and unprotonated FeVI (FeVIO42-) with protonated SAs (HX), respectively. The values of k5 varied from (1.2 ± 0.1) × 103 to (2.2 ± 0.2) × 104 M-1 s-1, while the range of k6 was from (1.1 ± 0.1) × 102 to (1.0 ± 0.1) × 103 M-1 s-1 for different SAs. The transformation products of reaction between FeVI and sulfadiazine (SDZ, contains a six-membered R) include SO2 extrusion oxidized products (OPs) and aniline hydroxylated products. Comparatively, oxidation of sulfisoxazole (SIZ, a five-membered R) by FeVI has OPs that have no SO2 extrusion in their structures. Density functional theory calculations are performed to demonstrate SO2 extrusion in oxidation of SDZ by FeVI. The detailed mechanisms of oxidation are proposed to describe the differences in the oxidation of six- and five-membered heterocyclic moieties ( R) containing SAs (i.e., SDZ versus SIZ) by FeVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingbao Feng
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - J Clayton Baum
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , Florida 32901 , United States
| | - Nasri Nesnas
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , Florida 32901 , United States
| | - Yunho Lee
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
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Schmidbaur H. The History and the Current Revival of the Oxo Chemistry of Iron in its Highest Oxidation States: FeVI
- FeVIII. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Schmidbaur
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität München; 85747 Garching Germany
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Yu H, Chen J, Xie H, Ge P, Kong Q, Luo Y. Ferrate(vi) initiated oxidative degradation mechanisms clarified by DFT calculations: a case for sulfamethoxazole. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2017; 19:370-378. [PMID: 27942652 DOI: 10.1039/c6em00521g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferrate(vi) is an efficient and environmentally friendly oxidant for the degradation of organic micropollutants. However, the related mechanism for the degradation is ambiguous and can hardly be elucidated empirically due to the rapid oxidation process and unstable intermediates for experimental trapping. Herein we performed density function theory (DFT) calculations to unveil the mechanism of ferrate(vi)-mediated degradation, taking sulfamethoxazole as a model compound. The results show that nucleophilic attack (rather than electrophilic attack) of HFeO4- on the isoxazole moiety of sulfamethoxazole initiates the subsequent degradations, and ferrate(vi) rather than the water molecule provides O atoms for the oxidation of the nitroso group and isoxazole moiety. Electron delocalization from the Fe atom to the isoxazole moiety is crucial for the ring-opening of isoxazole, and organometallic intermediates suggested previously are not the necessary ones in the oxidation of sulfamethoxazole by HFeO4-. Thus, this study has theoretically clarified the ferrate(vi) oxidation mechanisms for a representative sulfonamide, which were also partially corroborated by the intermediates and products observed in the previous experimental studies for phosphite and tryptophan. This study provides an exemplification on the application of quantum chemical calculations to clarify the degradation pathways of organic micropollutants, which is important for the prediction of degradation products needed in their engineering design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Hongbin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Pu Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Qingwei Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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Efficient oxidative removal of 4-tert-octylphenol and 17α-ethynylestradiol from aqueous solutions using ferrate(VI). KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-016-0324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Barışçı S, Turkay O, Dimoglo A. Review on Greywater Treatment and Dye Removal from Aqueous Solution by Ferrate (VI). ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2016-1238.ch014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Barışçı
- Gebze Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - O. Turkay
- Gebze Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - A. Dimoglo
- Gebze Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Casbeer EM, Sharma VK, Zajickova Z, Dionysiou DD. Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of tryptophan by ferrate(VI). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:4572-4580. [PMID: 23517271 DOI: 10.1021/es305283k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Kinetics of the oxidation of tryptophan (Trp) and kynurenine (Kyn), precursors of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBP), by ferrate(VI) (Fe(VI)O4(2-), Fe(VI)) were investigated over the acidic to basic pH range. The second-order rate constants decreased with increase in pH, which could be described by the speciation of Fe(VI) and Trp (or Kyn). The trend of pH dependence of rates for Trp (i.e., aromatic α-amino acid) differs from that for glycine (i.e., aliphatic α-amino acid). A nonlinear relationship between transformation of Trp and the added amount of Fe(VI) was found. This suggests that the formed intermediate oxidized products (OPs), identified by LC-PDA and LC-MS techniques, could possibly compete with Trp to react with Fe(VI). N-Formylkynurenine (NFK) at pH 7.0 and 4-hydroxyquinoline (4-OH Q) and kynurenic acid (Kyn-A) at pH 9.0 were the major OPs. Tryptophan radical formation during the reaction was confirmed by the rapid-freeze quench EPR experiments. The oxygen atom transfer from Fe(VI) to NFK was demonstrated by reacting Fe(18)O4(2-) ion with Trp. A proposed mechanism explains the identified OPs at both neutral and alkaline pH. Kinetics and OPs by Fe(VI) were compared with other oxidants (chlorine, ClO2(•), O3, and (•)OH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik M Casbeer
- Chemistry Department, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
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Sharma VK. Ferrate(VI) and ferrate(V) oxidation of organic compounds: Kinetics and mechanism. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sarma R, Angeles-Boza AM, Brinkley DW, Roth JP. Studies of the Di-iron(VI) Intermediate in Ferrate-Dependent Oxygen Evolution from Water. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:15371-86. [DOI: 10.1021/ja304786s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rupam Sarma
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland
21218, United States
| | - Alfredo M. Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland
21218, United States
| | - David W. Brinkley
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland
21218, United States
| | - Justine P. Roth
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland
21218, United States
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Anquandah GAK, Sharma VK, Knight DA, Batchu SR, Gardinali PR. Oxidation of trimethoprim by ferrate(VI): kinetics, products, and antibacterial activity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:10575-10581. [PMID: 22032699 DOI: 10.1021/es202237g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Kinetics, stoichiometry, and products of the oxidation of trimethoprim (TMP), one of the most commonly detected antibacterial agents in surface waters and municipal wastewaters, by ferrate(VI) (Fe(VI)) were determined. The pH dependent second-order rate constants of the reactions of Fe(VI) with TMP were examined using acid-base properties of Fe(VI) and TMP. The kinetics of reactions of diaminopyrimidine (DAP) and trimethoxytoluene (TMT) with Fe(VI) were also determined to understand the reactivity of Fe(VI) with TMP. Oxidation products of the reactions of Fe(VI) with TMP and DAP were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Reaction pathways of oxidation of TMP by Fe(VI) are proposed to demonstrate the cleavage of the TMP molecule to ultimately result in 3,4,5,-trimethoxybenzaldehyde and 2,4-dinitropyrimidine as among the final identified products. The oxidized products mixture exhibited no antibacterial activity against E. coli after complete consumption of TMP. Removal of TMP in the secondary effluent by Fe(VI) was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A K Anquandah
- Chemistry Department, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
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Sharma VK. Oxidation of inorganic contaminants by ferrates (VI, V, and IV)--kinetics and mechanisms: a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2011; 92:1051-73. [PMID: 21193263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2010] [Revised: 10/31/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic contaminants are found in water, wastewaters, and industrial effluents and their oxidation using iron based oxidants is of great interest because such oxidants possess multi-functional properties and are environmentally benign. This review makes a critical assessment of the kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation reactions by ferrates (Fe(VI)O(4)(2-), Fe(V)O(4)(3-), and Fe(IV)). The rate constants (k, M(-1) s(-1)) for a series of inorganic compounds by ferrates are correlated with thermodynamic oxidation potentials. Correlations agree with the mechanisms of oxidation involving both one-electron and two-electron transfer processes to yield intermediates and products of the reactions. Case studies are presented which demonstrate that inorganic contaminants can be degraded in seconds to minutes by ferrate(VI) with the formation of non-toxic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender K Sharma
- Chemistry Department and Center of Ferrate Excellence, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA.
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Sharma VK, Luther GW, Millero FJ. Mechanisms of oxidation of organosulfur compounds by ferrate(VI). CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 82:1083-9. [PMID: 21215423 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of organosulfur compounds requires the transfer of oxygen atoms and is important in decontamination of chemical warfare agents, desulfurization of fossil fuel for high quality, deodorization of wastewater and sludge, and remediation of industrial effluents. The kinetics of the oxidation of organosulfur compounds (sulfur-containing amino acids, aliphatic and aromatic thiols, and mercaptans) by the environmentally-friendly oxidant, ferrate(VI) FeO(4)(2-), was quantitatively examined in this study using a kinetic model considering possible reactions among the species of ferrate(VI) and organosulfur compounds. The ratios of ferrate(VI) to the various organosulfur compounds for the one oxygen-atom transfer were 0.50 and 0.67 for Fe(II) and Fe(III) as final products, respectively. The second-order rate constants for the oxidation of organosulfur compounds by protonated ferrate(VI) HFeO(4)(-) ion were correlated with thermodynamic 1-e(-) and 2-e(-) reduction potentials in order to understand the mechanisms of the reactions. The oxidation of the compounds involved a 1-e(-) transfer step from Fe(VI) to Fe(V), followed by 2-e(-) transfer to Fe(III) as the reduced product (Fe(VI)→Fe(V)→Fe(III)). The 2-e(-) transfer steps resulted in the formation of Fe(II) (Fe(VI)→Fe(IV)→Fe(II)). Conclusions drawn from the correlations are consistent with the experimentally determined stoichiometries and products of the reactions. The calculated half-lives for the oxidation were in the range of ms to s at a dose of 10mg K(2)FeO(4)L(-1) and hence ferrate(VI) has a great potential in treating organosulfur compounds present in water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender K Sharma
- Chemistry Department and Center of Ferrate Excellence, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA.
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Sharma VK. Oxidation of inorganic compounds by Ferrate(VI) and Ferrate(V): one-electron and two-electron transfer steps. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:5148-5152. [PMID: 20527775 DOI: 10.1021/es1005187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ferrate(VI) (Fe(VI)O(4)(-), Fe(VI)) and ferrate(V) (Fe(V)O(4)(3-), Fe(V)) have a high oxidizing power and upon decomposition form a nontoxic byproduct, Fe(III), which makes them environmentally friendly oxidants in water and wastewater treatment. The kinetics of the reaction between Fe(VI) and I(-) was determined using a stopped-flow technique. The second-order rate constants (k, M(-1) s(-1)) for the oxidation of I(-) and other inorganic compounds by protonated ferrate(VI) (HFe(VI)O(4)(-)) and ferrate(V) (Fe(V)O(4)(3-)) ions were correlated with thermodynamic reduction potentials to understand the reaction mechanisms. A linear relationship was found between log k and 1-e(-) reduction potentials for iodide, cyanides, and superoxide while oxy-compounds of nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, and arsenic demonstrated a linear relationship for 2-e(-) reduction potentials. The estimated limits for the reduction potentials of the couple are E(o)(Fe(VI)/Fe(V)) >or= 0.76 V and E(o)(Fe(VI)/Fe(IV)) >or= -0.18 V. Conclusions drawn from the correlations are consistent with the mechanisms postulated from stoichiometries, intermediates, and products of the reactions. Implication of the kinetic results in treatment using ferrate(VI) is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender K Sharma
- Chemistry Department, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA.
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Sharma VK. Oxidation of nitrogen-containing pollutants by novel ferrate(VI) technology: a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2010; 45:645-667. [PMID: 20390913 DOI: 10.1080/10934521003648784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing pollutants have been found in surface waters and industrial wastewaters due to their presence in pesticides, dyes, proteins, and humic substances. Treatment of these compounds by conventional oxidants produces disinfection by-products (DBP). Ferrate(VI) (Fe(VI)O(4)(2-), Fe(VI)) is a strong oxidizing agent and produces a non-toxic by-product Fe(III), which acts as a coagulant. Ferrate(VI) is also an efficient disinfectant and can inactivate chlorine resistant microorganisms. A novel ferrate(VI) technology can thus treat a wide range of pollutants and microorganisms in water and wastewater. The aim of this paper is to review the kinetics and products of the oxidation of nitrogen-containing inorganic (ammonia, hydroxylamine, hydrazine, and azide) and organic (amines, amino acids, anilines, sulfonamides, macrolides, and dyes) compounds by ferrate(VI) in order to demonstrate the feasibility of ferrate(VI) treatment of polluted waters of various origins. Several of the compounds can degraded in seconds to minutes by ferrate(VI) with the formation of non-hazardous products. The mechanism of oxidation involves either one-electron or two-electrons processes to yield oxidation products. Future research directions critical for the implementation of the ferrate(VI)-based technology for wastewater and industrial effluents treatment are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender K Sharma
- Chemistry Department, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA.
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