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Karimivaselabadi A, Osanloo M, Ghanbariasad A, Zarenezhad E, Hosseini H. Comparison of chitosan nanoparticles containing Lippia citriodora essential oil and citral on the induction of apoptosis in A375 melanoma cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:435. [PMID: 38041055 PMCID: PMC10691079 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using nanoparticles containing L. citriodora EO and citral has shown potential in treating skin disorders such as melanoma. METHODS In this study, GC‒MS was used to analyze the chemical composition of L. citriodora essential oil (EO). The ion gelation method prepared free chitosan nanoparticles and chitosan nanoparticles containing L. citriodora EO and citral. The successful loading of the EO and citral was evaluated using ATR-FTIR. The DPPH assay measured the antioxidant effect of citral, L. citriodora EO, Citral-ChiNPs, L. citriodora-ChiNPs, and Free-ChiNPs. A375 melanoma cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. The qPCR technique was employed to evaluate the expression of apoptotic genes, and flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis. RESULTS This study showed that in equal concentrations, the antioxidant properties of chitosan nanoparticles containing citral were greater than those of chitosan nanoparticles containing L. citriodora. The IC50 values of chitosan nanoparticles containing citral, L. citriodora EO, and their nonformulated states were 105.6, 199.9, 136.9, and 240 µg/ml, respectively. The gene expression results showed that the ratio of the expression of the apoptosis gene to the inhibitory gene was higher than 1 in all the samples, indicating that the conditions for apoptosis were present. Flow cytometry confirmed cell apoptosis, with 93.5 ± 0.3% in chitosan nanoparticles containing citral, 80 ± 0.2% in chitosan nanoparticles containing L. citriodora EO, 63 ± 0.3 in citral, and 42.03% in L. citriodora EO-treated cells. CONCLUSION The results showed that using the Nano form of L. citriodora and citral increased their efficiency in apoptosis pathways and their toxicity against 375 melanoma cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Karimivaselabadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Osanloo
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Ali Ghanbariasad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Elham Zarenezhad
- Noncommunicable Disease Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Spyridopoulou K, Aravidou T, Lampri E, Effraimidou E, Pappa A, Chlichlia K. Antitumor Potential of Lippia citriodora Essential Oil in Breast Tumor-Bearing Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:875. [PMID: 34070804 PMCID: PMC8228289 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lippia citriodora is a flowering plant cultivated for its lemon-scented leaves and used in folk medicine for the preparation of tea for the alleviation of symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders, cold, and asthma. The oil extracted from the plant leaves was shown to possess antioxidant potential and to exert antiproliferative activity against breast cancer. The aim of this study was to further investigate potential antitumor effects of L. citriodora oil (LCO) on breast cancer. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of LCO was examined against murine DA3 breast cancer cells by the sulforhodamine B assay. We further explored the LCO's pro-apoptotic potential with the Annexin-PI method. The LCO's anti-migratory effect was assessed by the wound-healing assay. LCO was found to inhibit the growth of DA3 cells in vitro, attenuate their migration, and induce apoptosis. Finally, oral administration of LCO for 14 days in mice inhibited by 55% the size of developing tumors in the DA3 murine tumor model. Noteworthy, in the tumor tissue of LCO-treated mice the apoptotic marker cleaved caspase-3 was elevated, while a reduced protein expression of survivin was observed. These results indicate that LCO, as a source of bioactive compounds, has a very interesting nutraceutical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Spyridopoulou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.S.); (T.A.); (E.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Tamara Aravidou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.S.); (T.A.); (E.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Evangeli Lampri
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.S.); (T.A.); (E.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Eleni Effraimidou
- Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.S.); (T.A.); (E.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Katerina Chlichlia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.S.); (T.A.); (E.L.); (A.P.)
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Alfei S, Marengo B, Zuccari G. Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Capabilities, and Bioavailability: Ellagic Acid or Urolithins? Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E707. [PMID: 32759749 PMCID: PMC7465258 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS), triggered by overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, is the main mechanism responsible for several human diseases. The available one-target drugs often face such illnesses, by softening symptoms without eradicating the cause. Differently, natural polyphenols from fruits and vegetables possess multi-target abilities for counteracting OS, thus representing promising therapeutic alternatives and adjuvants. Although in several in vitro experiments, ellagitannins (ETs), ellagic acid (EA), and its metabolites urolithins (UROs) have shown similar great potential for the treatment of OS-mediated human diseases, only UROs have demonstrated in vivo the ability to reach tissues to a greater extent, thus appearing as the main molecules responsible for beneficial activities. Unfortunately, UROs production depends on individual metabotypes, and the consequent extreme variability limits their potentiality as novel therapeutics, as well as dietary assumption of EA, EA-enriched functional foods, and food supplements. This review focuses on the pathophysiology of OS; on EA and UROs chemical features and on the mechanisms of their antioxidant activity. A discussion on the clinical applicability of the debated UROs in place of EA and on the effectiveness of EA-enriched products is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Alfei
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano, 4, I-16148 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Barbara Marengo
- Department of Experimental Medicine—DIMES, Via Alberti L.B. 2, I-16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Guendalina Zuccari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano, 4, I-16148 Genoa, Italy;
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Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Condition for Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Epigallocatechin Gallate in Lipid-Extracted Microalgae. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030454. [PMID: 31973236 PMCID: PMC7038137 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid-extracted microalgae (LEM, Tetraselmis KCTC 12236BP), a solid waste by-product obtained from algal biodiesel production, is typically considered a rich source of antioxidant compounds, including phenolic compounds. The purpose of this study was to apply a statistically-based methodology to enhance the extraction of total phenolic compounds (TPCs) and antioxidant activity (AA) from LEM and to verify the production of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a bioactive material, under optimum conditions. The optimal extractions of TPC and AA were explored by varying the key variables, including the extraction temperature, ethanol concentration, extraction time, and ultrasonic power, through statistical optimization. The optimal extraction conditions were identified through 27 runs following the central composite design. The regression analyses of TPC and AA showed good fit of the experimental data to the second-order polynomial models, with coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.8769 and 0.8432, respectively. In the variation experiment, the maximum TPC and AA values of 9.8 mg GAE/g and 91.8% were obtained respectively with an extraction temperature of 74.4 °C, ethanol concentration of 55.4%, extraction time of 59.6 min, and ultrasonic power of 700 W. HPLC coupled with diode array detection was used to identify and quantify the phenolic compounds in the extracts, and EGCG (0.12 mg/g DM) was identified as a major peak in the analysis, demonstrating that high value-added material with a bioactive property can be produced from LEM. The results indicated that statistical optimization is applicable for optimizing the extraction of TPC and AA from LEM and provided a scientific basis for applying ultrasound-assisted extraction on an industrial scale by optimizing the conditions. LEM has a high TPC value, particularly with regard to EGCG, and excellent AA, considering it is highly used as a functional material for food, cosmetics, and medicine.
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Tshabalala T, Ncube B, Madala NE, Nyakudya TT, Moyo HP, Sibanda M, Ndhlala AR. Scribbling the Cat: A Case of the "Miracle" Plant, Moringa oleifera. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E510. [PMID: 31731759 PMCID: PMC6918402 DOI: 10.3390/plants8110510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the properties of the most cultivated species of the Moringaceae family, Moringa oleifera Lam. The paper takes a critical look at the positive and the associated negative properties of the plant, with particular emphasis on its chemistry, selected medicinal and nutritional properties, as well as some ecological implications of the plant. The review highlights the importance of glucosinolates (GS) compounds which are relatively unique to the Moringa species family, with glucomoriginin and its acylated derivative being the most abundant. We highlight some new research findings revealing that not all M. oleifera cultivars contain an important flavonoid, rutin. The review also focuses on phenolic acids, tannin, minerals and vitamins, which are in high amounts when compared to most vegetables and fruits. Although there are numerous benefits of using M. oleifera for medicinal purposes, there are reports of contraindications. Nonetheless, we note that there are no major harmful effects of M. oleifera that have been reported by the scientific community. M. oleifera is suspected to be potentially invasive and moderately invasive in some regions of the world because of its ability to grow in a wide range of environmental conditions. However, the plant is currently classified as a low potential invasive species and thus there is a need to constantly monitor the species. Despite the numerous benefits associated with the plant, there is still a paucity of data on clinical trials proving both the positive and negative effects of the plant. We recommend further clinical trials to ascertain the properties associated with the plant, especially regarding long term use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thulani Tshabalala
- Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Vegetable and Ornamental Plants (VOP), Private Bag X923, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.T.); (B.N.)
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa;
| | - Bhekumthetho Ncube
- Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Vegetable and Ornamental Plants (VOP), Private Bag X923, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.T.); (B.N.)
| | - Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa;
| | - Trevor Tapiwa Nyakudya
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa;
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2002, South Africa
| | | | - Mbulisi Sibanda
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa;
| | - Ashwell Rungano Ndhlala
- Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Vegetable and Ornamental Plants (VOP), Private Bag X923, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.T.); (B.N.)
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, South Africa
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Costa de Melo N, Sánchez-Ortiz BL, Dos Santos Sampaio TI, Matias Pereira AC, Pinheiro da Silva Neto FL, Ribeiro da Silva H, Alves Soares Cruz R, Keita H, Soares Pereira AM, Tavares Carvalho JC. Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extract from the Leaves of Aloysia polystachya (Griseb.) Moldenke: A Study on Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12030106. [PMID: 31373315 PMCID: PMC6789669 DOI: 10.3390/ph12030106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants such as Aloysia polystachya are often used in the treatment of psychiatric diseases, including anxiety- and depression-related humor disturbances. In folk medicine, A. polystachya is used to treat digestive and respiratory tract disturbances, as a sedative and antidepressant agent, and as a tonic for the nerves. This study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant and anxiolytic effect from the hydroethanolic extract from the leaves of Aloysia polystachya (HELAp) in zebrafish. The extract was analyzed through ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS) and the main compound detected was acteoside. HELAp was administered orally (10 mg/kg) and through immersion (mg/L). The anxiolytic activity was evaluated through the scototaxis (light–dark) test using caffeine as an anxiogenic agent and buspirone as a positive control. The parameters assessed were: period spent in the white compartment (s), latency (s), alternations (n), erratic swims (n), period of freezing (s), thigmotaxis (s), and risk evaluation (n). The antidepressant effect was evaluated through the novel tank diving test using 1% ethanol, unpredictable chronic stress, and social isolation as depressors; fluoxetine was used as a positive control. The parameters assessed were: period spent at the top of the tank, latency, quadrants crossed, erratic swim, period of freezing, and distance of swam. The main chemical compound of HELAp was acteoside. The administration of the extract on zebrafish managed to revert the anxiogenic effect of caffeine without impairing their locomotion. Additionally, the treatment exerted antidepressant activity similarly to fluoxetine. Overall, the results suggest a significant anxiolytic and antidepressant activity to the extract, which is probably due to the presence of the major compound, acteoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Costa de Melo
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inovação Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
| | - Brenda Lorena Sánchez-Ortiz
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inovação Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Tafnis Ingret Dos Santos Sampaio
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
| | - Arlindo César Matias Pereira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
| | - Fernando Luiz Pinheiro da Silva Neto
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
| | - Heitor Ribeiro da Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Alves Soares Cruz
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil
| | - Hady Keita
- Universidad de la Sierra Sur, Division de Pós-Grado, Instituto de Investigación Sobre la Salud Pública, Ciudad Universitaria, Oaxaca, C.P. 70800, México
| | - Ana Maria Soares Pereira
- Departamento de Biotecnologia em Plantas Medicinais, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP 14096-900, Brasil
| | - José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inovação Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil.
- Rede Bionorte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68.903-419, Brasil.
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Gómez-Betancur I, Zhao J, Tan L, Chen C, Yu G, Rey-Suárez P, Preciado L. Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Marine Bacterium Vibrio neocaledonicus and Their Enzyme Inhibitory Activities. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E401. [PMID: 31288374 PMCID: PMC6669558 DOI: 10.3390/md17070401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms are recognized as a source of compounds with interesting biological activities. Vibrio neocaledonicus has been reported on for its high effectiveness against corrosion in metals but it has been little studied for its chemical and biological activities. In this study, four compounds were isolated from V. neocaledonicus: indole (1); 1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde (2); 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (3) and Cyclo (-Pro-Tyr) (4); using a bioassay-guided method, since in a previous study it was found that the ethyl acetate extract was active on the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), alpha-glucosidase (AG) and xanthine oxidase (XO). The inhibitory activities of the three compounds against AChE, AG and XO was also evaluated. In addition, the enzymatic inhibitory activity of indole to the toxins from the venom of Bothrops asper was tested. Results showed that indole exhibited strong inhibitory activity to AG (IC50 = 18.65 ± 1.1 μM), to AChE, and XO (51.3% and 44.3% at 50 μg/mL, respectively). 1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde displayed strong activity to XO (IC50 = 13.36 ± 0.39 μM). 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde showed moderate activity to XO (50.75% at 50 μg/mL) and weak activity to AChE (25.7% at 50 μg/mL). Furthermore, indole showed a significant in vitro inhibition to the coagulant effect induced by 1.0 μg of venom. The findings were supported by molecular docking. This is the first comprehensive report on the chemistry of V. neocaledonicus and the bioactivity of its metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Gómez-Betancur
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Haikou 571101, China
- Programa Ofidismo-Escorpionismo, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 1226, Colombia
| | - Jianping Zhao
- National Center for National Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Lin Tan
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Ge Yu
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Haikou 571101, China
| | - Paola Rey-Suárez
- Programa Ofidismo-Escorpionismo, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 1226, Colombia
| | - Lina Preciado
- Programa Ofidismo-Escorpionismo, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 1226, Colombia
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Bonyani A, Sajjadi SE, Rabbani M. Anxiolytic effects of Lippia citriodora in a mouce model of anxiety. Res Pharm Sci 2018; 13:205-212. [PMID: 29853930 PMCID: PMC5921401 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.228941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lippia citriodora is commonly used in Iranian folk medicine for treatment of many disorders. Since there scientific data to prove the anxiolytic properties of this plant in Iran are scarce, we aimed to evaluate the sedative and anxiolytic activity of the leaf extract and essence of L. citriodora in an animal model of anxiety. The extract and the essence used were obtained after maceration and hydro-distillation of the leaves of L. citriodora, respectively. We evaluated the anti-anxiety profile and sedative activity of diazepam (1 mg/kg i.p. as the standard), hydroethanolic extract (200 and 400 mg/kg i.p.) and the essence (10, 15, and 50 mg/kg i.p.) of leaves of L. citriodora using elevated plus-maze and locomotor activity. We also used flumazenil, to find out if the possible effects are mediated through gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)/benzodiazepine receptor complex. The results showed that the essence of L. citriodora at a dose of 15 mg/kg is the most effective anxiolytic dose. Interestingly, flumazenil reversed this action of the essence as well as that of diazepam. The extract even at a dose of 400 mg/kg did not show significant anxiolytic effect. In locomotor activity studies, the essence caused sedation to a lesser extent than diazepam. The results suggest that the essence of this plant could be a better candidate for further analysis and fractionation. As the anxiolytic effect of the essence is reversed by flumazenil, it is possible that the GABA receptor could be involved in mediating these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atousa Bonyani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Seyed Ebrahim Sajjadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabbani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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Chemical Composition and Evaluation of the Biological Properties of the Essential Oil of the Dietary Phytochemical Lippia citriodora. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010123. [PMID: 29329229 PMCID: PMC6017519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to characterize the chemical composition and biological properties of the essential oil from the plant Lippia citriodora grown in Greece. The essential oil volatiles were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC-MS indicating citral as the major component. Τhe antimicrobial properties were assayed using the disk diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory and non-inhibitory concentration values were determined. Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus niger were sensitive to Lippia citriodora oil, but not Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas fragi. Adversely, all microbes tested were sensitive to citral. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays were used to assess direct antioxidant activity, which proved to be weak for both agents, while comet assay was utilized to study the cytoprotective effects against H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage in Jurkat cells. Interestingly, the oil showed a more profound cytoprotective effect compared to citral. The antiproliferative activity was evaluated in a panel of cancer cell lines using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) and 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-S-(phenylamino) carbonyl-2-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) assays and both agents demonstrated potent antiproliferative activity with citral being more cytotoxic than the oil. Taken together, the essential oil of Lippia citriodora and its major component, citral, exert diverse biological properties worthy of further investigation.
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Lippia graveolens photochemopreventive effect against UVB radiation-induced skin carcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 167:72-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Casamassima D, Palazzo M, Vizzarri F, Ondruska L, Massanyi P, Corino C. Effect of dietary Lippia citriodora extract on reproductive and productive performance and plasma biochemical parameters in rabbit does. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an14845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Two doses of natural extract from Lippia citriodora (titrated in verbascoside) were assessed in New Zealand White rabbit does evaluating selected reproductive, productive and plasma biochemical parameters. After 1 week of adaptation period, the trial on 45 rabbit does for three consecutive reproductive cycles was conducted; does were divided into three groups of 15 animals each, homogenous by age (1 year ± 2 weeks), bodyweight (4.77 ± 0.21 kg) and parity (2 ± 1). A control group (CON) did not receive the dietary supplement in the feed and the other two groups received 1 g of natural extract supplement in the feed (5 mg verbascoside/kg feed; LNE) and 2 g of natural extract (10 mg verbascoside/kg feed; HNE). The use of a dietary NE supplement improved kit bodyweight at weaning (934 vs 1104 g; P < 0.001), and average daily weight gain from birth to weaning (24.7 vs 29.7 g/day; P < 0.001), with no NE dose effect. In the LNE and HNE groups serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, bilirubin, and activities of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.05) and aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.01) decreased and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.01) increased, according to the cycle effect. The dietary supplement also improved blood oxidative status markers in the experimental groups due to an increase in the concentrations of plasma vitamin A and E (P < 0.01) and a decrease in plasma reactive oxygen metabolites and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the dietary Lippia NE supplement improved selected productive and reproductive parameters and the animal welfare of does, expressed by a general improvement of blood profile, with no effect of the dose.
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Shafiee F, Moghadamnia AA, Shahandeh Z, Sadighian F, Khodadadi E. Evaluation of the antibacterial effects of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Aloysia Citriodora ( Lemon verbena) on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. Electron Physician 2016; 8:3363-3368. [PMID: 28163849 PMCID: PMC5279967 DOI: 10.19082/3363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Aloysia citriodora plant from the family of Verbenaceae has many uses in traditional medicine. The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. citriodora on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, which cause tooth decay. Methods This 2016 study was performed on standardized strains of S. mutans PTCC1683 and S. sobrinus PTCC1601 and clinical isolates. Twenty clinical samples were obtained from the dental caries of children admitted to the pediatric ward at the Faculty of Dentistry of Babol University of Medical Sciences (Babol, Iran). The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. citriodora leaves were prepared in several concentrations ranging from 625–20,000 μg/ml. These concentrations of the extracts were applied to the bacteria by disk diffusion, agar well diffusion, and macrotube dilution. The antibacterial effects of amoxicillin and chlorhexidine digluconate 0.2% (CHX) were also carried out. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 software using independent-samples t-test. Results Streptococcus spp. was successfully isolated from nine out of 20 (45%) specimens. Of the 9 positive samples cultured, 8 (88.8%) were S. mutans and 1 was S. sobrinus (11.2%). No inhibitory zone was observed around the disks and wells containing all concentrations of A. citriodora extracts. The minimum concentrations for inhibition of growth (MIC) resulted in turbidity in all tubes and were negative except for the control tubes. Inhibition zones were observed for amoxicillin and CHX disks (p < 0.001). Conclusion This study found that all studied bacteria were resistant to both types of the extracts; therefore, they are not a suggested replacement for chemical agents in mouthwash. It also shown that CHX is less effective than amoxicillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Shafiee
- Postgraduate Student, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zahra Shahandeh
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Paramedical Faculty, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farhnaz Sadighian
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Paramedical Faculty, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Effat Khodadadi
- Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Veisi M, Shahidi S, Komaki A, Sarihi A. Analgesic Effects of the Aqueous Lemon Verbena Extract in Rats. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-016-9575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ghasempour M, Omran SM, Moghadamnia AA, Shafiee F. Effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Lippia citriodora on candida albicans. Electron Physician 2016; 8:2752-2758. [PMID: 27757185 PMCID: PMC5053456 DOI: 10.19082/2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Because of resistance and side effects to common antifungal drugs activity, the research on herbal substances with antifungal activity is frequent. Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) is a member of Verbenaceae family. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-candida activities of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the lemon verbena leaves and compare them with nystatin and fluconazole. Methods In this 2015 study, 15 clinical isolates and standard strain of candida albicans PTCC 5027 were used, and the inhibitory effects of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts, Nystatin and Fluconazole, were evaluated using disk and well diffusion methods. Also, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined. Five concentrations of aqueous and ethanolic extracts (156–2500 μg/ml), Nystatin (8–128 μg/ml) and Fluconazole (4–64 μg/ml) were used in disk and well diffusion methods, and nine concentrations of aqueous and ethanolic extracts (19–5000 μg/ml), Nystatin (0.5–128 μg/ml), and Fluconazole (0.25–64 μg/ml) were applied for MIC. Data were analyzed using Tukey’s post-hoc and one-way ANOVA tests. The significant level was considered p < 0.05 in the current study. Results In the well and disk diffusion techniques, limited growth inhibition halos were produced around some clinical isolates at different concentrations of ethanolic extract; however, no growth inhibitory halo was observed with any concentrations of the aqueous extract. The MIC values of ethanolic extract, aqueous extract, Nystatin and Fluconazole for clinical isolated and standard strain were 833 ± 78.5and 625μg/ml; 4156 ± 67.4 and 2500 μg/ml; 10.13 ± 1.91 and 4 μg/ml; and 1.97 ± 0.25 and 1 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion The results showed that the ethanolic extract was stronger than the aqueous extract of this plant, which can be used as an alternative for drugs. It is recommended that the ethanolic extract of this plant be investigated in vivo for better evaluation of its efficacy and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghasempour
- DDS, MS, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Saeid Mahdavi Omran
- Ph.D., Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Ph.D., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Faranak Shafiee
- DDS, Postgraduate Student, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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De Marco M, Salcedo WL, Pastorelli G, Rossi R, Corino C, Bergagna S, Mellia E, Gennero MS, Biasibetti E, Capucchio MT, Nurisso S, Tarantola M, Forneris G, Schiavone A. Effects of Verbascoside Supplemented Diets on Growth Performance, Blood Traits, Meat Quality, Lipid Oxidation and Histological Features in Broiler Chickens. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2015.3712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sinthorn W, Chatuphonprasert W, Chulasiri M, Jarukamjorn K. Thai red rice extract provides liver protection in paracetamol-treated mice by restoring the glutathione system. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 54:770-779. [PMID: 26449771 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1079725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The incidence of drug-induced liver disease associated with oxidant-antioxidant imbalance is increasing. Colored rice can potentially improve these hepatic disorders through antioxidative and glutathione-restoring effects. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to determine the in vitro antioxidant properties of extracts from red (Hom-Dang and Hom-Kularb-Dang) and black (Hom-Dum-Sukhothai and Kum-Doi-Saket) Thai rice cultivars [Oryza sativa L. (Poaceae)] and to examine the in vivo hepatoprotective potential of Hom-Dang extract in paracetamol-treated mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro antioxidant properties of the extracts were determined by ABTS, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], metal chelating capacity, and lipid peroxidation assays. To investigate hepatoprotective effects in vivo, mice administered 60 mg/kg/d paracetamol were given Hom-Dang extract (128, 256, and 512 mg/kg/d) and/or control antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC, 150 mg/kg/d) for 7 and 30 d. Liver health was ascertained by measuring levels of hepatic transaminases (GPT/GOT), determining the glutathione profile (GSH/GSSG ratio), and histomorphological examination of liver tissue. RESULTS Hom-Dang extract showed the highest in vitro antioxidant potency (an IC50 value of 36.50 ± 0.46, 12.98 ± 0.23, 21.83 ± 2.58, 15.87 ± 0.30, and 86.21 ± 2.45 mg/mL for ABTS, OH(•), [Formula: see text], metal chelating, and lipid peroxidation, respectively). Mice administered paracetamol exhibited increases in GPT/GOT with decreases in GSH and GSH/GSSG ratio followed by histomorphological signs of liver injury. In the presence of the Hom-Dang extract, the GPT/GOT values were normalized, GSH production was induced, and the GSH/GSSG ratio was increased. CONCLUSION Thai colored rice cultivars, especially the Hom-Dang variety, are promising candidates for health supplements due to their antioxidative and hepatoprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiladda Sinthorn
- a Research Group for Pharmaceutical Activities of Natural Products using Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (PANPB), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Research University-Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen , Thailand
- b Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen , Thailand
| | - Waranya Chatuphonprasert
- a Research Group for Pharmaceutical Activities of Natural Products using Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (PANPB), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Research University-Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen , Thailand
- c Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University , Mahasarakham , Thailand , and
| | - Malyn Chulasiri
- d Research and Development Division, SJI , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Jarukamjorn
- a Research Group for Pharmaceutical Activities of Natural Products using Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (PANPB), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Research University-Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen , Thailand
- b Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen , Thailand
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Veisi M, Shahidi S, Komaki A, Sarihi A. Effect of Lemon Verbena on Memory of Male Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.17795/ajnpp-24600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Daniel AP, Veeck APL, Klein B, Ferreira LF, da Cunha MA, Parodi TV, Zeppenfeld CC, Schmidt D, Caron BO, Heinzmann BM, Baldisserotto B, Emanuelli T. Using the Essential Oil ofAloysia triphylla(L'Her.) Britton to Sedate Silver Catfish (Rhamdia quelen) during Transport Improved the Chemical and Sensory Qualities of the Fish during Storage in Ice. J Food Sci 2014; 79:S1205-11. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Daniel
- Colégio Politécnico; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
- Núcleo Integrado de Desenvolvimento em Análises Laboratoriais (NIDAL), Dept. de Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Rurais; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brasil
| | - Ana Paula L. Veeck
- Inst. Federal de Santa Catarina/IFSC; CEP; 88506-400 Lages SC Brazil
- Núcleo Integrado de Desenvolvimento em Análises Laboratoriais (NIDAL), Dept. de Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Rurais; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brasil
| | - Bruna Klein
- Núcleo Integrado de Desenvolvimento em Análises Laboratoriais (NIDAL), Dept. de Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Rurais; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brasil
| | - Lauren F. Ferreira
- Núcleo Integrado de Desenvolvimento em Análises Laboratoriais (NIDAL), Dept. de Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Rurais; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brasil
| | - Mauro A. da Cunha
- Dept. de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria; Camobi; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Thaylise V. Parodi
- Dept. de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria; Camobi; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Carla C. Zeppenfeld
- Dept. de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria; Camobi; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Denise Schmidt
- Dept. de Agronomia, Centro de Educação Superior Norte do Rio Grande do Sul; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria, CEP; 98400-000 Frederico Westphalen RS Brazil
| | - Braulio O. Caron
- Dept. de Agronomia, Centro de Educação Superior Norte do Rio Grande do Sul; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria, CEP; 98400-000 Frederico Westphalen RS Brazil
| | - Berta M. Heinzmann
- Dept. de Farmácia Industrial, Centro de Ciências da Saúde; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria Brasil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Dept. de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria; Camobi; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Tatiana Emanuelli
- Núcleo Integrado de Desenvolvimento em Análises Laboratoriais (NIDAL), Dept. de Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Rurais; Univ. Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brasil
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Prado JM, Veggi PC, Meireles MAA. Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Lemon Verbena (Aloysia triphylla): Process Kinetics and Scale-Up, Extract Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity, and Economic Evaluation. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2013.862278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Continuous free radical assault upsets cellular homeostasis and dysregulates associated signaling pathways to promote stress-induced cell death. In spite of the continuous development and implementation of effective therapeutic strategies, limitations in treatments for stress-induced toxicities remain. The purpose of the present study was to determine the potential therapeutic efficacy of bacterial fucose polysaccharides against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced stress in human lung fibroblast (WI38) cells and to understand the associated molecular mechanisms. In two different fermentation processes, Bacillus megaterium RB-05 biosynthesized two non-identical fucose polysaccharides; of these, the polysaccharide having a high-fucose content (∼42%) conferred the maximum free radical scavenging efficiency in vitro. Structural characterizations of the purified polysaccharides were performed using HPLC, GC-MS, and 1H/13C/2D-COSY NMR. H2O2 (300 µM) insult to WI38 cells showed anti-proliferative effects by inducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by disrupting mitochondrial membrane permeability, followed by apoptosis. The polysaccharide (250 µg/mL) attenuated the cell death process by directly scavenging intracellular ROS rather than activating endogenous antioxidant enzymes. This process encompasses inhibition of caspase-9/3/7, a decrease in the ratio of Bax/Bcl2, relocalization of translocated Bax and cytochrome c, upregulation of anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl2 family and a decrease in the phosphorylation of MAPKs (mitogen activated protein kinases). Furthermore, cellular homeostasis was re-established via stabilization of MAPK-mediated Nrf2/Keap1 signaling and transcription of downstream cytoprotective genes. This molecular study uniquely introduces a fucose-rich bacterial polysaccharide as a potential inhibitor of H2O2-induced stress and toxicities.
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Lasagni Vitar RM, Reides CG, Ferreira SM, Llesuy SF. The protective effect of Aloysia triphylla aqueous extracts against brain lipid-peroxidation. Food Funct 2014; 5:557-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60392j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mosca M, Ambrosone L, Semeraro F, Casamassima D, Vizzarri F, Costagliola C. Ocular tissues and fluids oxidative stress in hares fed on verbascoside supplement. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013; 65:235-40. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2013.836742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Quirantes-Piné R, Herranz-López M, Funes L, Borrás-Linares I, Micol V, Segura-Carretero A, Fernández-Gutiérrez A. Phenylpropanoids and their metabolites are the major compounds responsible for blood-cell protection against oxidative stress after administration of Lippia citriodora in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:1112-1118. [PMID: 23827667 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Lippia citriodora (lemon verbena) has been widely used in folk medicine for its pharmacological properties. Verbascoside, the most abundant compound in this plant, has protective effects associated mostly with its strong antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of L. citriodora extract intake on the antioxidant response of blood cells and to correlate this response with the phenolic metabolites found in plasma. For this purpose, firstly the L. citriodora extract was characterized and its radical scavenging activity was measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Then, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GRed) activities were determined in lymphocytes, erythrocytes, and neutrophils isolated from rats after acute intake of L. citriodora. Phenolic metabolites were analyzed in the same plasma samples by HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in neutrophils, which has been proposed as a marker for inflammatory vascular damage, was also determined. After L. citriodora administration, the antioxidant enzymes activities significantly accelerated (p<0.05) while MPO activity subsided, indicating that the extract protects blood cells against oxidative damage and shows potential anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic activities. The main compounds found in plasma were verbascoside and isoverbascoside at a concentration of 80±10 and 57±4 ng/ml, respectively. Five other metabolites derived from verbascoside and isoverbascoside were also found in plasma, namely hydroxytyrosol, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, ferulic acid glucuronide, and homoprotocatechuic acid, together with another eight phenolic compounds. Therefore, the phenylpropanoids verbascoside and isoverbascoside, as well as their metabolites, seem to be the responsible for the above-mentioned effects, although the post-transcriptional activation mechanism of blood-cell antioxidant enzymes by these compounds needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Quirantes-Piné
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Casamassima D, Palazzo M, Martemucci G, Vizzarri F, Corino C. Effects of verbascoside on plasma oxidative status and blood and milk production parameters during the peripartum period in Lacaune ewes. Small Rumin Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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El-Hawary SS, Yousif MF, Abdel Motaal AA, Abd-Hameed LM. Bioactivities, phenolic compounds and in-vitro propagation of Lippia citriodora Kunth cultivated in Egypt. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bfopcu.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lenoir L, Joubert-Zakeyh J, Texier O, Lamaison JL, Vasson MP, Felgines C. Aloysia triphylla infusion protects rats against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colonic damage. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2012; 92:1570-1572. [PMID: 22190244 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases consist of uncontrolled intestinal inflammation leading to mucosal disruption. Polyphenols are micronutrients with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and may play an interesting role in the prevention of intestinal inflammation. Lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla (L'Herit.) Britton, Verbenaceae) infusion is a popular herbal drink rich in polyphenols. This study evaluated the protective effects of lemon verbena infusion consumption on the development of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in rats. The infusion was given to rats as a drink providing 82 µmol polyphenols day(-1) for 21 days. Colitis was induced with 40 g l(-1) DSS in the drink for the last 7 days. RESULTS Lemon verbena infusion treatment restored body weight gain and prevented colonic shortening. Despite no protective effect on myeloperoxidase activity, A. triphylla infusion limited histological colonic alterations. CONCLUSION The results suggest that lemon verbena infusion partially protects rats against DSS-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Lenoir
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, EA 4233, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Caturla N, Funes L, Pérez-Fons L, Micol V. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of the effect of a combination of lemon verbena extract and fish oil omega-3 fatty acid on joint management. J Altern Complement Med 2012; 17:1051-63. [PMID: 22087615 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2010.0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of an antioxidant/anti-inflammatory supplement containing standardized lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla, Lippia citriodora) extract and fish oil omega-3 fatty acid in a human pilot trial as an alternative treatment for joint management. METHODS AND DESIGN First, antioxidant activity of the supplement was determined through an oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. In a randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled trial, 45 subjects with pain discomfort received the nutritional supplement or placebo for 9 weeks. Western Ontario MacMaster (WOMAC) and Lequesne's questionnaires, which are disease-specific measurements validated to measure joint dysfunction and pain, were administered and evaluated once per week in the placebo and intervention groups. OUTCOME MEASURES Pain and stiffness symptoms, and joint function were determined once per week through recording their respective WOMAC and Lequesne's scores in the placebo and intervention groups. Statistically significant differences were determined at every measurement point between the two groups. RESULTS Lemon verbena extract showed strong antioxidant properties as measured by the ORAC assay. The nutritional supplement containing standardized lemon verbena extract (14% verbascoside, w/w) and fish oil omega-3 fatty acid reduced symptoms of pain and stiffness significantly, and improved physical function as shown by WOMAC and Lequesne's scores after 9 weeks of treatment. WOMAC and Lequesne's total scores decreased 53% and 78%, respectively, at the end of the study compared to initial conditions. Onset of the effect was observed at the third and fourth weeks, when statistically significant differences were detected, compared to placebo. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study reveals that supplementation with lemon verbena combined with omega-3 fatty acids may be considered for further investigation as a complementary and alternative treatment for improving joint status in subjects with joint discomfort.
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Lenoir L, Rossary A, Joubert-Zakeyh J, Vergnaud-Gauduchon J, Farges MC, Fraisse D, Texier O, Lamaison JL, Vasson MP, Felgines C. Lemon verbena infusion consumption attenuates oxidative stress in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in the rat. Dig Dis Sci 2011; 56:3534-45. [PMID: 21688009 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-011-1784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) consist of an uncontrolled intestinal inflammation leading to mucosal disruption. This inflammation is accompanied by an excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Polyphenols are micronutrients with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, and may play an interesting role in the prevention of intestinal inflammation. Lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla) infusion is a popular herbal infusion rich in polyphenols (flavones and verbascoside). AIMS This study evaluated the preventive effects of lemon verbena infusion consumption against mild-to-moderate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in rats. METHODS Wistar rats drank water or lemon verbena infusion for 14 days. On day 15, half of the rats received DSS (4%) in their drink for 7 days. At the end of the experimental period, the colon was taken for histopathological examination and determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], glutathione reductase [GR], catalase [CAT]), glutathione and lipid peroxidation. Lymphocyte populations were determined in blood, mesenteric nodes and Peyer's patches. RESULTS Rats ingested daily 5.6 μmol of polyphenols. DSS reduced food intake and induced colitis, as reflected by histological lesions and increased MPO activity. Although these alterations were not significantly counteracted by lemon verbena consumption, the herbal infusion increased colonic SOD activity and decreased lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde). Other oxidative stress markers (GPx, GR, CAT, glutathione) were not significantly modified. CONCLUSION Our study shows that the preventive consumption of lemon verbena infusion offered some antioxidative protection during experimental colitis by stimulating SOD activity and decreasing lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Lenoir
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, EA 4233, 28 place Henri Dunant, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Zeng X, Wang Y, Qiu Q, Jiang C, Jing Y, Qiu G, He X. Bioactive phenolics from the fruits of Livistona chinensis. Fitoterapia 2011; 83:104-9. [PMID: 22019335 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the phenolics isolated from the fruits of Livistona chinensis. Four new compounds, 1-{ω-isoferul[6- (4-hydroxybutyl)pentadecanoic acid]}-glycerol (1), E-[6'-(5″-hydroxypentyl)tricosyl]-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate (2), 2-(3'-hydroxy-5'-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxylmethyl-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5- carboxylic acid (3), 7-hydroxy-5,4'-dimethoxy-2-arylbenzofuran (4), together with eleven known phenolics (5-15), were isolated and identified. Among these compounds, 1-4, 5-O-caffeoylshikimic acid (5), caffeic acid (7), and 3-O-caffeoylshikimic acid (8) showed potent antioxidant activity. 1-5, and 8 showed potent antiproliferative activities with IC(50) values among 5-150 μM against HepG2 human liver cancer, HL-60 human myeloid leukemia, K562 human myeloid leukemia, and CNE-1 human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines. On the basis of these findings, it could be proposed that the fruits of L. chinensis may serve as attractive mines of powerful anticancer and antioxidant agents for various purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, and Key Laboratory of combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430071, China
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Wu CR, Lin WH, Hseu YC, Lien JC, Lin YT, Kuo TP, Ching H. Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of five endemic Ligustrum species leaves from Taiwan flora in vitro. Food Chem 2011; 127:564-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jayabharathi J, Thanikachalam V, Rajendraprasath N, Saravanan K, Perumal MV. Antioxidant potential and antimicrobial screening of some novel imidazole derivatives: greenway efficient one pot synthesis. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9702-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Cardinali A, Linsalata V, Lattanzio V, Ferruzzi MG. Verbascosides from Olive Mill Waste Water: Assessment of Their Bioaccessibility and Intestinal Uptake Using an In Vitro Digestion/Caco-2 Model System. J Food Sci 2011; 76:H48-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01996.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zeng X, Qiu Q, Jiang C, Jing Y, Qiu G, He X. Antioxidant flavanes from Livistona chinensis. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:609-14. [PMID: 21277955 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Three new flavanes and eight known flavonoids were isolated from the fruits of Livistona chinensis. The structure of the new flavanes were established as 2S,3S-3,5,7,3',5'-pentahydroxyflavane (1), 2R,3R-3,5,6,7,8,4'-hexahydroxyflavane (2) and 2R,3R-3,5,6,7,8,3',5'-heptahydroxyflavane (3), respectively, on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic data. The antiproliferative activity against four human tumor cell lines (HL-60, Mata, HepG2 and CNE-1) was evaluated. 1 had significantly antiproliferative effects against HL-60 and CNE-1 with the IC(50) of 0.2 ± 0.01 and 1.0 ± 0.1 μM, respectively, overpowering the reference compound in the assay (cisplatin). Most compounds also exhibited potent antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Effect of lemon verbena supplementation on muscular damage markers, proinflammatory cytokines release and neutrophils’ oxidative stress in chronic exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010; 111:695-705. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-010-1684-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Guimarães R, Barreira JCM, Barros L, Carvalho AM, Ferreira ICFR. Effects of oral dosage form and storage period on the antioxidant properties of four species used in traditional herbal medicine. Phytother Res 2010; 25:484-92. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Effects of verbascoside, a phenylpropanoid glycoside from lemon verbena, on phospholipid model membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2010; 163:190-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2009] [Revised: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 11/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
In recent years, few classes of natural products have received as much attention as phenolics and polyphenols. This special issue of Molecules, “Phenolics and Polyphenolics”, is a remarkable confirmation of this trend. Several aspects related to phenolics chemistry, comprising the several classes, will be discussed. In addition, the increasing interest in phenolics’ biological activities is covered, and several works addressing this matter are referred.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Pereira
- REQUIMTE/Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, R. Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, R. Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal
| | - José A. Pereira
- CIMO/Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Sta. Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (P-B.A.); (J-A.P.)
| | - Paula B. Andrade
- REQUIMTE/Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, R. Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (P-B.A.); (J-A.P.)
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Zaragoza O, Chrisman CJ, Castelli MV, Frases S, Cuenca-Estrella M, Rodríguez-Tudela JL, Casadevall A. Capsule enlargement in Cryptococcus neoformans confers resistance to oxidative stress suggesting a mechanism for intracellular survival. Cell Microbiol 2008; 10:2043-57. [PMID: 18554313 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2008.01186.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is a facultative intracellular pathogen. The most distinctive feature of C. neoformans is a polysaccharide capsule that enlarges depending on environmental stimuli. The mechanism by which C. neoformans avoids killing during phagocytosis is unknown. We hypothesized that capsule growth conferred resistance to microbicidal molecules produced by the host during infection, particularly during phagocytosis. We observed that capsule enlargement conferred resistance to reactive oxygen species produced by H(2)O(2) that was not associated with a higher catalase activity, suggesting a new function for the capsule as a scavenger of reactive oxidative intermediates. Soluble capsular polysaccharide protected C. neoformans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae from killing by H(2)O(2). Acapsular mutants had higher susceptibility to free radicals. Capsular polysaccharide acted as an antioxidant in the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction coupled to beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)/phenazine methosulfate (PMS) assay. Capsule enlargement conferred resistance to antimicrobial peptides and the antifungal drug Amphotericin B. Interestingly, the capsule had no effect on susceptibility to azoles and increased susceptibility to fluconazole. Capsule enlargement reduced phagocytosis by environmental predators, although we also noticed that in this system, starvation of C. neoformans cells produced resistance to phagocytosis. Our results suggest that capsular enlargement is a mechanism that enhances C. neoformans survival when ingested by phagocytic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Zaragoza
- Servicio de Micología, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera Majadahonda-Pozuelo, Km 2, Majadahonda, 28220, Madrid, Spain.
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Vrchovská V, Spilková J, Valentão P, Sousa C, Andrade PB, Seabra RM. Assessing the antioxidative properties and chemical composition ofLinaria vulgarisinfusion. Nat Prod Res 2008; 22:735-46. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410601132360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bilia A, Giomi M, Innocenti M, Gallori S, Vincieri F. HPLC–DAD–ESI–MS analysis of the constituents of aqueous preparations of verbena and lemon verbena and evaluation of the antioxidant activity. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 46:463-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2007] [Revised: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 11/08/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mothana RAA, Abdo SAA, Hasson S, Althawab FMN, Alaghbari SAZ, Lindequist U. Antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and phytochemical screening of some yemeni medicinal plants. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2008; 7:323-30. [PMID: 18955315 PMCID: PMC2887327 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nen004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Accepted: 01/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The traditional medicine still plays an important role in the primary health care in Yemen. The current study represents the investigation of 16 selected plants, which were collected from different localities of Yemen. The plants were dried and extracted with two different solvents (methanol and hot water) to yield 34 crude extracts. The obtained extracts were tested for their antimicrobial activity against three Gram-positive bacteria, two Gram-negative bacteria, one yeast species and three multiresistant Staphylococcus strains using agar diffusion method, for their antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH radical method and for their cytotoxic activity using the neutral red uptake assay. In addition, a phytochemical screening of the methanolic extracts was done. Antibacterial activity was shown only against Gram-positive bacteria, among them multiresistant bacteria. The highest antimicrobial activity was exhibited by the methanolic extracts of Acalypha fruticosa, Centaurea pseudosinaica, Dodonaea viscosa, Jatropha variegata, Lippia citriodora, Plectranthus hadiensis, Tragia pungens and Verbascum bottae. Six methanolic extracts especially those of A. fruticosa, Actiniopteris semiflabellata, D. viscosa, P. hadiensis, T. pungens and V. bottae showed high free radical scavenging activity. Moreover, remarkable cytotoxic activity against FL-cells was found for the methanolic extracts of A. fruticosa, Iris albicans, L. citriodora and T. pungens. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of different types of compounds like flavonoids, terpenoids and others, which could be responsible for the obtained activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi A A Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana'a-University, PO Box 33039, Institute of Pharmacy, College of Medical science, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen and Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Greifswald, F-L-Jahn Str. 15a, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
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Biological Activities of 3,5-Dihydroxy-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzamide: A Mimic Compound of trans-Resveratrol. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2007. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2007.28.5.837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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PEREIRA CAMILAG, MEIRELES MANGELAA. EVALUATION OF GLOBAL YIELD, COMPOSITION, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND COST OF MANUFACTURING OF EXTRACTS FROM LEMON VERBENA (ALOYSIA TRIPHYLLA[L'HÉRIT.] BRITTON) AND MANGO (MANGIFERA INDICAL.) LEAVES. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4530.2007.00100.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhang X, Hung TM, Phuong PT, Ngoc TM, Min BS, Song KS, Seong YH, Bae K. Anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids from Populus davidiana. Arch Pharm Res 2007; 29:1102-8. [PMID: 17225458 DOI: 10.1007/bf02969299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An in vitro bioassay-guide revealed that the methanol (MeOH) extract of the stem bark of Populus davidiana showed considerable inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase (COX-1, COX-2). Continuous phytochemical study of the MeOH extract of this plant led to the isolation of ten flavonoids; sakuranetin (1), rhamnocitrin (2), 7-O-methylaromadendrin (3), naringenin (4), eriodictyol (5), aromadendrin (6), kaempferol (7), neosakuranin (8), sakuranin (9) and sakurenetin-5,4'-di-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10). Their structures were identified on the basis of their physicochemical and spectroscopic analyses. The isolated compounds, 1-10, were tested for their inhibitory activities against COX-1 and COX-2. Compound 7 was found to have potent inhibitory effect on COX-1 and a moderate effect on COX-2, meanwhile, compounds 1-6 showed moderate inhibition against COX-1 only. Moreover, compounds 5-8 exhibited suppressive effects on xanthine oxidase (XO). These results may explain, in part, the traditional uses of P. davidiana in ethnomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinFeng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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Silva EGD, Behr GA, Zanotto-Filho A, Lorenzi R, Pasquali MADB, Ravazolo LG, Bordignon CL, Silva FAD, Aboy AL, Bassani VL, Henriques AT, Reginatto FH, Dal-Pizzol F, Moreira JCF. Antioxidant Activities and Free Radical Scavenging Potential of Bauhinia microstachya (RADDI) MACBR. (Caesalpinaceae) Extracts Linked to Their Polyphenol Content. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:1488-96. [PMID: 17666809 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.1488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of Bauhinia microstachya leaves (AEBM and HEBM) were investigated for their phenolic content and phytochemical profile (by spectrophotometry and HPLC), and for their antioxidant activities and free radical scavenging potential in different in vitro systems (TRAP, TEAC, TBARS, nitric oxide, superoxide and hydroxyl radical). HEBM presented a 27.4% higher content of phenolics when compared to AEBM and a distinct phytochemical profile was observed. Our work suggests that both extracts have potent antioxidant activities and that their antioxidant capacity and efficiency vary according to the radical-generating system. In general, HEBM was more effective than AEBM in avoiding ROS-generating damage and in scavenging the various radicals formed. Nevertheless, when results were normalized to total phenolic content, a different profile of antioxidant activities and free radical scavenging potential was observed, particularly against oxidative lipid damage and superoxide radical. B. microstachya extracts may be considered an interesting source of natural antioxidants as well as other phenolic-rich plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evandro Gomes da Silva
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Sánchez J, Melchor G, Martínez G, Escobar A, Faure R. Antioxidant activity of Rhizophora mangle bark. Fitoterapia 2006; 77:141-3. [PMID: 16436316 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2005.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2004] [Accepted: 11/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of Rhizophora mangle bark aqueous extract and its majoritary component and high molecular weight polyphenols' fraction were studied using deoxyribose assay. The total extract and its fraction showed scavenging activity of hydroxyl radicals and hability to chelate iron ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Sánchez
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Group, National Center of Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, San José de las Lajas, La Habana, Cuba.
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Zamorano-Ponce E, Morales C, Ramos D, Sepúlveda C, Cares S, Rivera P, Fernández J, Carballo MA. Anti-genotoxic effect of Aloysia triphylla infusion against acrylamide-induced DNA damage as shown by the comet assay technique. Mutat Res 2006; 603:145-50. [PMID: 16413820 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2004] [Revised: 11/15/2005] [Accepted: 11/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aloysia triphylla a perennial, bushy plant originally from South America has long been used in traditional medicine. Its aqueous extract contains considerable amounts of polyphenolic compounds, namely flavonoids and phenolic acids. In view of the interest in natural phenolic compounds as antioxidant in preventive medicine, this study was undertaken to investigate the chemoprotective effects of cedron leaves infusion against the genetic damage induced by acrylamide (AA) by using the alkaline version of the comet assay technique. Mice were separated in nine groups (eight animals each): (I) untreated, (II) negative control, (III) treated with infusion of cedron leaves 5%, 20 days twice a day, (IV) treated with AA (5 mg/kg b.w.), (V) treated with AA (20 mg/kg b.w.), (VI) treated with AA (30 mg/kg b.w.), (VII) treated with AA (50 mg/kg b.w.), (VIII) pretreated with infusion and treated with AA (50 mg/kg b.w.) and (IX) positive control (cyclophosphamide, 20 mg/kg b.w.). Three hundred blast cells were digitally evaluated per animal from three different slides (100 each). Media of tail moment (TM) values were analyzed by ANOVA test. No statistical differences (p>0.05) were found between untreated animals, negative control and infusion-treated mice. A single dose of AA-induced genetic damage as revealed by a statistically significant increase in TM values (p<0.01). Pretreatment with infusion prior to AA injection significantly reduces the capacity of AA to induce genetic damage. In these conditions, tail moments values did not differ from data obtained in negative control (p>0.05) and exhibit statistical differences from animals treated only with AA (p<0.01). Cell viability was at least 90% in all cases as measured by the trypan blue exclusion method. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) method reveals that the plasma of infusion-treated mice has a significantly higher antioxidant capacity than plasma from controls (p<0.01). The results suggest that the infusion could exerts an in vivo chemo protective action, probably due to its scavenging potency towards free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Zamorano-Ponce
- Laboratorio de Genética Toxicológica, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Casilla 447-Chillán, Chile.
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. MO, . AUT, . GA, . DS, . KA. Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaves of Lippia triphylla (L`Her) O.
Kuntze (Verbenaceae) Against on Bacteria and Yeasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2005.620.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Govindarajan R, Vijayakumar M, Pushpangadan P. Antioxidant approach to disease management and the role of 'Rasayana' herbs of Ayurveda. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 99:165-78. [PMID: 15894123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2004] [Revised: 02/22/2005] [Accepted: 02/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The disease preventive and health promotive approach of 'Ayurveda', which takes into consideration the whole body, mind and spirit while dealing with the maintenance of health, promotion of health and treating ailments is holistic and finds increasing acceptability in many regions of the world. Ancient Ayurvedic physicians had developed certain dietary and therapeutic measures to arrest/delay ageing and rejuvenating whole functional dynamics of the body system. This revitalization and rejuvenation is known as the 'Rasayan chikitsa' (rejuvenation therapy). Traditionally, Rasayana drugs are used against a plethora of seemingly diverse disorders with no pathophysiological connections according to modern medicine. Though, this group of plants generally possesses strong antioxidant activity, only a few have been investigated in detail. Over about 100 disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, hemorrhagic shock, CVS disorders, cystic fibrosis, metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, gastrointestinal ulcerogenesis and AIDS have been reported as reactive oxygen species mediated. In this review, the role of free radicals in these diseases has been briefly reviewed. 'Rasayana' plants with potent antioxidant activity have been reviewed for their traditional uses, and mechanism of antioxidant action. Fifteen such plants have been dealt with in detail and some more plants with less work have also been reviewed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Govindarajan
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
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