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Demirel S. Vasorelaxant effects of biochemical constituents of various medicinal plants and their benefits in diabetes. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1122-1141. [PMID: 38983824 PMCID: PMC11229960 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial function plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular health, and dysfunction in this context diminishes vasorelaxation concomitant with endothelial activity. The nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway, prostacyclin-cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway, inhibition of phosphodiesterase, and the opening of potassium channels, coupled with the reduction of calcium levels in the cell, constitute critical mechanisms governing vasorelaxation. Cardiovascular disease stands as a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality among individuals with diabetes, with adults afflicted by diabetes exhibiting a heightened cardiovascular risk compared to their non-diabetic counterparts. A plethora of medicinal plants, characterized by potent pharmacological effects and minimal side effects, holds promise in addressing these concerns. In this review, we delineate various medicinal plants and their respective biochemical constituents, showcasing concurrent vasorelaxant and anti-diabetic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadettin Demirel
- Medicine School, Physiology Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Türkiye
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2
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Tang F, Yan HL, Wang LX, Xu JF, Peng C, Ao H, Tan YZ. Review of Natural Resources With Vasodilation: Traditional Medicinal Plants, Natural Products, and Their Mechanism and Clinical Efficacy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:627458. [PMID: 33867985 PMCID: PMC8048554 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.627458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, chronic diseases including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) have plagued the world. Meanwhile, we have noticed a close association between CCVDs and vascular lesions, such as hypertension. More focus has been placed on TMPs and natural products with vasodilation and hypotension. TMPs with vasodilatory and hypotensive activities are mainly from Compositae, Lamiaceae, and Orchidaceae (such as V. amygdalina Del., T. procuinbens L., M. glomerata Spreng., K. galanga L., etc.) whereas natural products eliciting vasorelaxant potentials were primarily from flavonoids, phenolic acids and alkaloids (such as apigenin, puerarin, curcumin, sinomenine, etc.). Furthermore, the data analysis showed that the vasodilatory function of TMPs was mainly concerned with the activation of eNOS, while the natural products were primarily correlated with the blockage of calcium channel. Thus, TMPs will be used as alternative drugs and nutritional supplements, while natural products will be considered as potential therapies for CCVDs in the future. This study provides comprehensive and valuable references for the prevention and treatment of hypertension and CCVDs and sheds light on the further studies in this regard. However, since most studies are in vitro and preclinical, there is a need for more in-depth researches and clinical trials to understand the potential of these substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Ling Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Ao
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Wang A, Han TL, Chen Z, Zhou X, Yu X, Qi H, Baker PN, Zhang H. Metabolic analysis of adipose tissues in a rodent model of pre-pregnancy maternal obesity combined with offsprings on high-carbohydrate diet. Exp Cell Res 2019; 381:29-38. [PMID: 31071317 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Maternal obesity is associated with adverse effects on the health of offsprings. Consumption of a high-carbohydrate (HC) diet has been found to promote abnormal fatty acid metabolism in adipose tissue. Therefore, we hypothesised that maternal obesity combined with an offspring HC diet would alter the fatty acid metabolism of adipose tissue and subsequently contribute to offspring obesity. Leprdb/+ mice were used to model pre-pregnancy maternal obesity and the C57BL/6 wildtype were used as a control group. Offspring were fed either HC diet or a normal-carbohydrate (NC) diet after weaning. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) were collected from offspring at 20 weeks of age and their fatty acid metabolome was characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We found that HC diet increased the body weight of offspring (males increased by 14.70% and females increased by 1.05%) compared to control mothers. However, maternal obesity alone caused a 7.9% body weight increase in female offspring. Maternal obesity combined with an offspring HC diet resulted in dynamic alterations of the fatty acid profiles of adipose tissue in male offspring. Under the impact of a HC diet, the fatty acid metabolome was solely elevated in female WAT, whereas, the fatty acid metabolites in BAT showed a similar trend in the male and female offsprings. 6,9-octadecadienoic acid and 12,15-cis-octadecatrienoic acid were significantly affected in female WAT, in response to offspring consumption of a HC diet. Our study demonstrated that maternal obesity and offspring HC diet have different metabolic effects on adipose tissue in male and female offsprings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting-Li Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xin Qiao Hospital, The Second Medical College of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xinyang Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Philip N Baker
- Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Canada - China -New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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4
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Experimental study of blood pressure and its impact on spontaneous hypertension in rats with Xin Mai Jia. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108689. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Shim SY, Sung SH, Lee M. Anti-inflammatory activity of mulberrofuran K isolated from the bark of Morus bombycis. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 58:117-124. [PMID: 29573719 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Morus bombycis Koidzumi, commonly known as silkworm mulberry, is a plant belonging to family Moraceae. It has been used in Asian countries as a traditional medicine for treating hypertension, diabetes, and inflammatory disorders. In this study, we isolated eleven compounds from the cortex of M. bombycis and evaluated their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production as an indicator of their anti-inflammatory activities using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages. Compound 4 showed the most potent inhibitory activity on NO production. It was identified as mulberrofuran K (MFK). Anti-inflammatory activity of MFK was then carried out using LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. MFK suppressed the production of NO, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)) in a concentration-dependent manner. Western blot analysis revealed that MFK treatment inhibited expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). MFK also inhibited transcriptional activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and extracellular-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages. These results suggest that MFK, an anti-inflammatory constituents of M. bombycis cortex, has potential as a therapeutic candidates for preventing and treating inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Yup Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon-si 57922, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon-si 57922, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Sung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon-si 57922, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea; Suncheon Research Center for Natural Medicines, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon-si 57922, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Vasodilatory effects of mulberry ( Morus spp.) leaf extract on porcine cerebral arteries in vitro : Possible underlying mechanisms. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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7
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Zheng Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Ruan X, Zhang R. Purification, characterization, synthesis, in vitro ACE inhibition and in vivo antihypertensive activity of bioactive peptides derived from oil palm kernel glutelin-2 hydrolysates. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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8
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Liao YR, Kuo PC, Tsai WJ, Huang GJ, Lee KH, Wu TS. Bioactive chemical constituents from the root bark of Morus australis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:309-313. [PMID: 27908762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Two new pyranoflavonoids, morustralins A (1) and B (2), a new natural benzene derivative, one benzenoid (Z)-1-hydroxy-4-(2-nitroethenyl)benzene (3), and thirty known compounds were isolated and characterized from the root bark of Morus australis. The structures of the new compounds were established from spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses. Ten isolates (1-10) were examined for inhibitory effects on adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-, arachidonic acid (AA)-, and platelet-aggregating factor (PAF)-induced platelet aggregation. Among the tested compounds, compound 3 displayed the most significant inhibition of ADP- and AA-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 values of 9.76±5.54 and 9.81±2.7μM, respectively. In addition, eight purified compounds (3-10) were examined for inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells and six compounds (3-8) displayed significant inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 2.1±0.3 to 6.3±0.6μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ren Liao
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Jern Tsai
- Division of Chinese Medicine Literature and Informatics, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Chinese Medicinal Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan, ROC
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Patten GS, Abeywardena MY, Bennett LE. Inhibition of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Angiotensin II Receptor Blocking, and Blood Pressure Lowering Bioactivity across Plant Families. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 56:181-214. [PMID: 24915402 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.651176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease, kidney disease, and stroke. Interest in medicinal or nutraceutical plant bioactives to reduce hypertension has increased dramatically. The main biological regulation of mammalian blood pressure is via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The key enzyme is angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) that converts angiotensin I into the powerful vasoconstrictor, angiotensin II. Angiotensin II binds to its receptors (AT1) on smooth muscle cells of the arteriole vasculature causing vasoconstriction and elevation of blood pressure. This review focuses on the in vitro and in vivo reports of plant-derived extracts that inhibit ACE activity, block angiotensin II receptor binding and demonstrate hypotensive activity in animal or human studies. We describe 74 families of plants that exhibited significant ACE inhibitory activity and 16 plant families with potential AT1 receptor blocking activity, according to in vitro studies. From 43 plant families including some of those with in vitro bioactivity, the extracts from 73 plant species lowered blood pressure in various normotensive or hypertensive in vivo models by the oral route. Of these, 19 species from 15 families lowered human BP when administered orally. Some of the active plant extracts, isolated bioactives and BP-lowering mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen S Patten
- a CSIRO Preventative Health National Research Flagship, Animal, Food and Health Sciences , Adelaide , South Australia , Australia
| | - Mahinda Y Abeywardena
- a CSIRO Preventative Health National Research Flagship, Animal, Food and Health Sciences , Adelaide , South Australia , Australia
| | - Louise E Bennett
- b CSIRO Preventative Health National Research Flagship, Animal, Food and Health Sciences, Werribee , Victoria , British Columbia , Australia
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Li Y, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Liu L, Zhao S. Purification, characterization, synthesis, in vivo and in vitro antihypertensive activity of bioactive peptides derived from coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) cake globulin hydrolysates. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19971b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports the purification, characterization,in vivoandin vitroantihypertensive activity of two novel peptides derived from coconut cake globulin hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Tropical Agriculture Academic
- Wenchang
- China
| | - Yajun Zheng
- Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Tropical Agriculture Academic
- Wenchang
- China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Tropical Agriculture Academic
- Wenchang
- China
| | - Liyun Liu
- Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Tropical Agriculture Academic
- Wenchang
- China
| | - Songlin Zhao
- Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Tropical Agriculture Academic
- Wenchang
- China
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Beneficial effects of ethanol extracts of Red Liriope platyphylla on vascular dysfunction in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Lab Anim Res 2015; 31:13-23. [PMID: 25806079 PMCID: PMC4371473 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2015.31.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Some biological effects of Red Liriope platyphylla (RLP) on various chronic diseases including Alzheimer's disease, diabetes and obesity were suggested after a report of the production from Liriope platyphylla (L. platyphylla, LP) roots using a steaming process. To examine the beneficial effects of ethanol extracts RLP (EEtRLP) on the vascular dysfunction of hypertension, alterations in key factors related to vascular regulation and antioxidant conditions were investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) after EEtRLP treatment for 2 weeks. High levels of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity were detected in 500 or 1,000 mg/mL EEtRLP. Although no significant improvement of systolic blood pressure or aortic wall thickness were observed in the EEtRLP treated group, the expression level of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 increased significantly after EEtRLP treatment. Moreover, the concentration of aldosterone and K ion in serum rapidly recovered in the EEtRLP treated group relative to the vehicle treated group. Furthermore, the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were significantly increased in the EEtRLP treated group relative to the vehicle treated group, while the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and NOx in the serum of the same group were recovered to the level of Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Overall, the results presented herein provide novel evidence that EEtRLP treatment may improve vascular dysfunction in the aorta of the SHR through up regulation of the antioxidant state and down regulation of aldosterone and K ion concentration. These results also suggest that EEtRLP may be a potential candidate for treatment of various chronic diseases showing vascular dysfunction.
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12
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Antihypertensive Effect of Syzygium cumini in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:605452. [PMID: 25614751 PMCID: PMC4295347 DOI: 10.1155/2014/605452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the in vivo potential antihypertensive effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Syzygium cumini leaves (HESC) in normotensive Wistar rats and in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), as well as its in vitro effect on the vascular reactivity of resistance arteries. The hypotensive effect caused by intravenous infusion of HESC (0.01-4.0 mg/kg) in anesthetized Wistar rats was dose-dependent and was partially inhibited by pretreatment with atropine sulfate. SHR received HESC (0.5 g/kg/day), orally, for 8 weeks and mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and vascular reactivity were evaluated. Daily oral administration of HESC resulted in a time-dependent blood pressure reduction in SHR, with a maximum reduction of 62%. In the endothelium-deprived superior mesenteric arteries rings the treatment with HESC reduced by 40% the maximum effect (E max) of contraction induced by NE. The contractile response to calcium and NE of endothelium-deprived mesenteric rings isolated from untreated SHR was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner by HESC (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/mL). This study demonstrated that Syzygium cumini reduces the blood pressure and heart rate of SHR and that this antihypertensive effect is probably due to the inhibition of arterial tone and extracellular calcium influx.
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Zhao W, Yu J, Su Q, Liang J, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Sun W. Antihypertensive effects of extract from Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn. in spontaneously hypertensive rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 145:187-192. [PMID: 23142488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICA RELEVANCE: Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn. (PQB) is a widely used herbal medicine used for gastroenteritis, snakebite, infection and hypertension in China. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible antihypertensive mechanisms on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of the extract from Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the in vivo study, extract from Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn. at the dose of 50, 100, 200mg/kg and captopril (12.5mg/kg) were administrated to different group of SHR rats by gavage for six consecutive weeks after the blood pressures were firstly measured. At the end of the study, rats serum nitric oxide (NO) was measured by the nitrate reductase method; superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activities were measured by the colorimetric method; the expression of aorta endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was measured by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS The results showed that the oral administration of PQB could lower the systolic blood pressure (SBP) of SHR rats. In addition, the serum level of NO in SHR treated with PQB (100 and 200mg/kg) was increased dramatically (P<0.05, P<0.01), but administration with captopril had no significant effect. The expression of aorta eNOS was markedly increased when treated with PQB. The serum SOD levels were increased with treatment of PQB (100 and 200mg/kg; P<0.05, P<0.01). All the effects of these parameters were comparable to that of the SHR control group. CONCLUSIONS Our results disclosed that PQB is effective to lower blood pressure of SHR, its antihypertensive effect is probably associated with lowering oxidative stress by reducing SOD activity, preserving endothelial function and increasing the expression of eNOS to regulate NO and directly relax artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Zhao
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
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14
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Liu X, Zhang M, Jia A, Zhang Y, Zhu H, Zhang C, Sun Z, Liu C. Purification and characterization of angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Tang Y, Wang M, Chen C, Le X, Sun S, Yin Y. Cardiovascular protection with danshensu in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 34:1596-601. [PMID: 21963501 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.1596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the cardiovascular protective effects of Danshensu, a water-soluble active component of Danshen, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SHR (male, 9 weeks old, n=30) were divided into three groups: 1) saline control (n=10); 2) a Danshensu (10 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) treatment group (n=10); and 3) a Valsartan (10 mg/kg/d, intragastrically (i.g.)) treatment group (n=10). Age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (n=10) were used as normotensive controls. Saline and drug treatments were administered for 6 weeks. When the rats were 15 weeks old, their hearts were excised and arrhythmias were induced by an ex vivo ischemia/reperfusion protocol. The heart weight to body weight index was significantly increased in SHR, and this increase was attenuated with Danshensu treatment (both p<0.05). Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were also decreased with Danshensu treatment, from 145±3 and 103±10 mmHg to 116±7 and 87±2 mmHg in SHR and Danshensu-treated groups, respectively (both p<0.05). The incidences of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation decreased from 100 to 50% and 30% in SHR, respectively, with Danshensu treatment (both p<0.05). Serum nitric oxide content and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity were significantly increased with Danshensu (both p<0.05). In addition, Danshensu increased the K(+) current density and Ca(2+) activated K(+) channel current density of mesenteric vascular smooth muscle cells isolated from SHRs. Together, these results demonstrate that Danshensu imparts cardiovascular protection by modifying vascular responses during the progression of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Tang
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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16
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Yang NC, Jhou KY, Tseng CY. Antihypertensive effect of mulberry leaf aqueous extract containing γ-aminobutyric acid in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Liu X, Zhang M, Zhang C, Liu C. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory, antihypertensive and antihyperlipidaemic activities of protein hydrolysates from Rhopilema esculentum. Food Chem 2012; 134:2134-40. [PMID: 23442666 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory, antihypertensive and antihyperlipidaemic activities of protein hydrolysates (RPH) from the jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum were investigated. R. esculentum was hydrolysed sequentially with pepsin and papain, and then the hydrolysate was ultrafiltered with a 2000 Da cut-off membrane. It was found that RPH contained high levels of Gly, Glu, Pro, Asp and Ala, having potential ACE inhibitory activity in vitro with an IC(50) of 1.28 mg/ml. It was also found that systolic blood pressure was reduced markedly in spontaneously hypertensive rats after single and chronic oral administration of RPH, indicating that RPH had an antihypertensive effect. In addition, oral administration of RPH decreased total serum cholesterol and triglyceride, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in rats fed with high-fat diet. These results indicate that RPH may prove to be a promising functional food for the prevention and treatment of hypertension and hyperlipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Biology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory for Biosensors of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China
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Changes in hepatic protein expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats suggest early stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Proteomics 2012; 75:1752-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Cai RL, Li M, Xie SH, Song Y, Zou ZM, Zhu CY, Qi Y. Antihypertensive effect of total flavone extracts from Puerariae Radix. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:177-183. [PMID: 20933075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Revised: 07/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the antihypertensive effect of total flavone extracts from Puerariae Radix (FEPR). To explore the hemodynamic profiles and pertinent mechanism of the extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Acute and chronic antihypertensive effects of FEPR were examined in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) and reno-hypertensive rats (two kidneys one clip model, 2K1C). Anesthetized dogs were used to evaluate the hemodynamic effects of FEPR. The determination of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in vitro and plasma renin activity (PRA) and endothelin (ET) in vivo were used to study the pilot mechanism of FEPR. Moreover, the toxicity study of FEPR was evaluated. RESULTS FEPR (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.v.) notably reduced the blood pressure of SHRs in a short time period. A two-week administration of FEPR (45, 90 and 180 mg/kg, p.o.) decreased the blood pressure of both 2K1C rats and SHRs. The results of hemodynamic study in anesthetized dogs showed that, left ventricular end systolic pressure and left ventricular dP/dt(max) had shown no significant difference between FEPR-treated dogs and those from the control group, while the cerebral blood flow increased significantly in FEPR-treated groups. FEPR significantly inhibited the ACE activities in vitro dose dependently, and inhibited the PRA in vivo, while the content of ET showed no difference in the FEPR treated group comparing with the control group. CONCLUSIONS FEPR shows significantly blood pressure lowering and cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) decreasing effect, which can partly be explained by the involvement of the Renin-Angiotensin-System (RAS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Lan Cai
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
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Xia M, Qian L, Zhou X, Gao Q, Bruce IC, Xia Q. Endothelium-independent relaxation and contraction of rat aorta induced by ethyl acetate extract from leaves of Morus alba (L.). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 120:442-446. [PMID: 18948182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2007] [Revised: 07/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Based on screening for vasoactive traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, the present study was performed to investigate the vasoactive effects of an ethyl acetate extract from leaves of Morus alba (L.) (ELM) on rat thoracic aorta and the mechanisms underlying these effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolated rat thoracic rings were mounted in an organ bath system and the effects of ELM on their responses were evaluated. RESULTS ELM (0.125-32.000g/l) induced a concentration-dependent relaxation (P<0.01 vs. control) both in endothelium-intact and -denuded aortas precontracted by high K(+) (6 x 10(-2)M) or 10(-6)M phenylephrine (PE). In endothelium-denuded aortas, ELM at the EC(50) concentration reduced Ca(2+)-induced contraction (P<0.01 vs. control) after PE or KCl had generated a stable contraction in Ca(2+)-free solution. And after incubation with verapamil, ELM induced contraction in endothelium-denuded aortas precontracted by PE (P<0.01 vs. control); this was abolished by ruthenium red (P<0.01 vs. ELM-treated endothelium-denuded group; P>0.05 vs. control), but not by heparin (P>0.01 vs. ELM-treated endothelium-denuded group; P<0.01 vs. control). CONCLUSIONS The results showed that ELM had dual vasoactive effects, and the relaxation was greater than the contraction. The relaxation was mediated by inhibition of voltage- and receptor-dependent Ca(2+) channels in vascular smooth muscle cells, while the contraction occurred via activation of ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Xia
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Ryu SY, Oh KS, Kim YS, Lee BH. Antihypertensive, vasorelaxant and inotropic effects of an ethanolic extract of the roots of Saururus chinensis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 118:284-289. [PMID: 18495395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Revised: 03/10/2008] [Accepted: 04/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was performed to evaluate the cardiovascular effects of ethanolic extract of the roots of Saururus chinensis (EERSC) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of EERSC on the vascular responses of isolated rat aorta, the cardiac functions in isolated rat heart, and the antihypertensive effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were evaluated. RESULTS In isolated rat aortic preparations, EERSC exhibited a potent vasorelaxant effect with EC(50) value of 9.1 microg/ml. This relaxation was significantly inhibited by denudation of endothelial layer or by pretreatment with N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. In addition, the raising extracellular K(+) (45 mM), or pretreatment with tetraethylammonium (10 mM) significantly inhibited EERSC-induced vasorelaxation in endothelium-denuded aortic rings. In isolated rat hearts, EERSC significantly reduced cardiac functions such as left ventricle pressure and heart rate. In an antihypertensive study with SHRs, long-term oral administrations of EERSC decreased blood pressure of SHRs (approximately 20 mmHg). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that chronic treatment with EERSC exerts an antihypertensive effect in SHRs, and its direct vasorelaxant properties and negative inotropic actions may contribute to reduce the elevated blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yong Ryu
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 100 Jangdong, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
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Oh KS, Ryu SY, Oh BK, Seo HW, Kim YS, Lee BH. Antihypertensive, Vasorelaxant, and Antioxidant Effect of Root Bark of Ulmus macrocarpa. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:2090-6. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.2090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Seok Oh
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology
| | - Shi Yong Ryu
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology
| | - Byung Koo Oh
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology
| | - Ho Won Seo
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology
| | - Young Sup Kim
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology
| | - Byung Ho Lee
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology
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