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Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Hosseinzadeh H. Therapeutic potential of hypnotic herbal medicines: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3037-3059. [PMID: 38595123 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Insomnia affects millions of people worldwide, prompting considerable interest in herbal remedies for its treatment. This review aims to assess the therapeutic potential of such remedies for insomnia by analyzing current scientific evidence. The analysis identified several herbs, including Rosmarinus officinalis, Crocus sativus, Rosa damascena, Curcuma longa, Valeriana officinalis, Lactuca sativa, Portulaca oleracea, Citrus aurantium, Lippia citriodora, and Melissa officinalis, which show promise in improving overall sleep time, reducing sleep latency, and enhancing sleep quality. These plants act on the central nervous system, particularly the serotonergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic systems, promoting sedation and relaxation. However, further research is necessary to fully understand their mechanisms of action, optimal dosages, and treatment protocols. Combining herbal medicines with conventional treatments may offer an effective natural alternative for those seeking medication. Nevertheless, individuals should consult their healthcare provider before using herbal remedies for insomnia. While this review provides evidence supporting their use, additional high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish their clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Li J, Li X, Wang C, Zhang M, Ye M, Wang Q. The potential of Valeriana as a traditional Chinese medicine: traditional clinical applications, bioactivities, and phytochemistry. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:973138. [PMID: 36210806 PMCID: PMC9534556 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.973138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Valeriana plants are members of the Caprifoliaceae family, which include more than 200 species worldwide. We summarized previous reports on traditional clinical applications, bioactivities, and phytochemistry of Valeriana by searching electronic databases of Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed, and some books. Some Valeriana species have been used as traditional medicines, demonstrating calming fright and tranquilizing mind, promoting Qi and blood, activating blood circulation and regulating menstruation, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, regulating Qi-flowing to relieve pain, and promoting digestion and checking diarrhea, and treating diseases of the nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive systems, inflammation, gynecology, and others. Pharmacology studies revealed the effects of Valeriana, including sedative, hypnotic, antispasmodic, analgesic, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, antiepileptic, neuroprotective, antibacterial, antiviral, cytotoxic, and antitumor effects as well as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system improvements. More than 800 compounds have been isolated or identified from Valeriana, including iridoids, lignans, flavonoids, sesquiterpenoids, alkaloids, and essential oils. Constituents with neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and sedative activities were also identified. However, at present, the developed drugs from Valeriana are far from sufficient. We further discussed the pharmacological effects, effective constituents, and mechanisms directly related to the traditional clinical applications of Valeriana, revealing that only several species and their essential oils were well developed to treat insomnia. To effectively promote the utilization of resources, more Valeriana species as well as their different medicinal parts should be the focus of future related studies. Clinical studies should be performed based on the traditional efficacies of Valeriana to facilitate their use in treating diseases of nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive systems, inflammation, and gynecology. Future studies should also focus on developing effective fractions or active compounds of Valeriana into new drugs to treat diseases associated with neurodegeneration, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular, inflammation and tumors. Our review will promote the development and utilization of potential drugs in Valeriana and avoid wasting their medicinal resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchun Li
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Standardized Processing of Chinese Materia Medica, College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Changfu Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Standardized Processing of Chinese Materia Medica, College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manli Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Standardized Processing of Chinese Materia Medica, College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhui Ye
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Standardized Processing of Chinese Materia Medica, College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Standardized Processing of Chinese Materia Medica, College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ota M, Ni H, Maki Y, Kato D, Moriguchi S, Nakayama S, Oiwa Y, Ishiuchi K, Makino T. Binding activity of Valeriana fauriei root extract on GABA A receptor flunitrazepam sites and distribution of its active ingredients in the brain of mice - A comparison with that of V. officinalis root. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114262. [PMID: 34116188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Valeriana fauriei root (VF) is a crude drug registered in the Japanese Pharmacopeia 17th Edition and a known substitute for V. officinalis (VO). Although VO has been pharmacologically evaluated for its sedative effects and mechanism of action, data regarding VF remain scarce. AIM OF THE STUDY We compared the binding affinity of VF and VO extracts, as well as examined the active ingredients in the VF extract, on flunitrazepam sites of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor type A (GABAA receptor). Furthermore, we confirmed whether these active ingredients were distributed in the brain of mice orally administered the VF extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS We prepared the assay system to evaluate the binding activity of flunitrazepam sites of GABAA receptor using a 96-well plate and assessed the activities of VF and VO extracts. We then analyzed their constituents using HPLC with principal component analysis (PCA) and evaluated active ingredients correlated with their activities. The distribution of active ingredients in the plasma and brain of mice orally administered the VF extract prepared with different emulsifiers were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS The ethanol extract of VF exhibited significantly higher activity on flunitrazepam sites of GABAA receptor than VO. For the VF extract, kessyl glycol diacetate (KGD) was markedly associated with the binding activities; however, active ingredients included KGD, kessyl glycol 8-acetate (KG8), α-kessyl acetate (α-KA), and coniferyl isovalerate (CI). For VO, valerenic acid and five other compounds were associated with the binding affinity on flunitrazepam sites of GABAA receptor. On emulsifying the VF extract with a fat-soluble glycerin fatty acid ester, the plasma and brain distributions of KGD tended to be higher, those of KG8 were significantly more than 10-times higher, and those of α-KA was lower than those of the VF extract emulsified with water-soluble gum arabic, after oral administration in mice. CONCLUSIONS Based on the binding activity on flunitrazepam sites of GABAA receptor and brain distribution, KGD, KG8, and α-KA can be considered active ingredients of VF. The addition of a fat-soluble emulsifier promoted the absorption of KGD, the main active ingredient, and KGD was metabolized to KG8 in the body. The present results suggest a possible mechanism underlying the sedative effect for VF, and these three compounds can be used as marker compounds to evaluate the quality of VF products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Ota
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan; Kuki Sangyo Co., Ltd., 11 Onoe-cho, Yokkaichi-shi, Mie, 510-0059, Japan.
| | - Hao Ni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan.
| | - Yasuhito Maki
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan; Kuki Sangyo Co., Ltd., 11 Onoe-cho, Yokkaichi-shi, Mie, 510-0059, Japan.
| | - Daiki Kato
- Kuki Sangyo Co., Ltd., 11 Onoe-cho, Yokkaichi-shi, Mie, 510-0059, Japan.
| | - Shohei Moriguchi
- Kuki Sangyo Co., Ltd., 11 Onoe-cho, Yokkaichi-shi, Mie, 510-0059, Japan.
| | - Shuto Nakayama
- Kuki Sangyo Co., Ltd., 11 Onoe-cho, Yokkaichi-shi, Mie, 510-0059, Japan.
| | - Yuki Oiwa
- Kuki Sangyo Co., Ltd., 11 Onoe-cho, Yokkaichi-shi, Mie, 510-0059, Japan.
| | - Kan'ichiro Ishiuchi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan.
| | - Toshiaki Makino
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan.
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Williams J, Sergi D, McKune AJ, Georgousopoulou EN, Mellor DD, Naumovski N. The beneficial health effects of green tea amino acid l
-theanine in animal models: Promises and prospects for human trials. Phytother Res 2019; 33:571-583. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Williams
- Faculty of Health; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)-Health and Biosecurity; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Andrew J. McKune
- Faculty of Health; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise (UCRISE); Bruce ACT Australia
- Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - Ekavi N. Georgousopoulou
- Faculty of Health; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education; Harokopio University; Athens Greece
| | - Duane D. Mellor
- Faculty of Health; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Faculty of Health; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, University of Canberra; Bruce ACT Australia
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Feizi F, Namazi N, Rahimi R, Ayati MH. Medicinal Plants for Management of Insomnia: A Systematic Review of Animal and Human Studies. Galen Med J 2019; 8:e1085. [PMID: 34466460 PMCID: PMC8343774 DOI: 10.31661/gmj.v8i0.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insomnia is one of the most troubling sleep disorders and can be characterized by an inability to fall asleep and/or inadequate sleep duration and/or waking up multiple times during the night. Herbal medicine has been used to treat a range of sleep disorders for centuries. This study aimed to review medicinal plants investigated experimentally or clinically for sleep disorders, as well as their potential mechanisms of action and active components. Electronic databases and literature were systematically investigated to assess all in vitro and in vivo trials and clinical evidence of the efficacy and potential mechanisms of actions playing major roles in sleep induction or insomnia treatment. Among many herbal studies and trials on insomnia, some showed no significant difference between herbal remedies and placebos. While others showed improvements in sleep parameters (sleep latency, total sleep, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration, delta activity in NREM sleep, wakefulness anxiety-associated insomnia). In this study, in vitro, animal, and clinical studies investigating a variety of herbal treatments for insomnia were systematically reviewed. The mechanisms of action of herbal medicines in treating insomnia are mainly related to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-synthesizing and GABA-metabolizing enzymes that influenced sleep outcomes. Overall, herbal remedies were not associated with more benefits than nonbenzodiazepines, although side effects were less. The results suggest that herbs have some benefits in improving the quantity and quality of sleep and could be a promising alternative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Feizi
- School of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazli Namazi
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular- Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ayati
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Correspondence to: Mohammad Hossein Ayati, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Telephone Number: +982188990837 Email Address:
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Elghandour MM, Kanth Reddy PR, Salem AZ, Ranga Reddy PP, Hyder I, Barbabosa-Pliego A, Yasaswini D. Plant Bioactives and Extracts as Feed Additives in Horse Nutrition. J Equine Vet Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yoo JH, Ha TW, Hong JT, Oh KW. Sinomenine, an Alkaloid Derived from Sinomenium acutum Potentiates Pentobarbital-Induced Sleep Behaviors and Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) Sleep in Rodents. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:586-592. [PMID: 29081090 PMCID: PMC5685427 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinomenium acutum has been long used in the preparations of traditional medicine in Japan, China and Korea for the treatment of various disorders including rheumatism, fever, pulmonary diseases and mood disorders. Recently, it was reported that Sinomenium acutum, has sedative and anxiolytic effects mediated by GABA-ergic systems. These experiments were performed to investigate whether sinomenine (SIN), an alkaloid derived from Sinomenium acutum enhances pentobarbital-induced sleep via γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic systems, and modulates sleep architecture in mice. Oral administration of SIN (40 mg/kg) markedly reduced spontaneous locomotor activity, similar to diazepam (a benzodiazepine agonist) in mice. SIN shortened sleep latency, and increased total sleep time in a dose-dependent manner when co-administrated with pentobarbital (42 mg/kg, i.p.). SIN also increased the number of sleeping mice and total sleep time by concomitant administration with the sub-hypnotic dosage of pentobarbital (28 mg/kg, i.p.). SIN reduced the number of sleep-wake cycles, and increased total sleep time and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. In addition, SIN also increased chloride influx in the primary cultured hypothalamic neuronal cells. Furthermore, protein overexpression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65/67) and GABAA receptor subunits by western blot were found, being activated by SIN. In conclusion, SIN augments pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors through GABAA-ergic systems, and increased NREM sleep. It could be a candidate for the treatment of insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyeon Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Ha
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Wan Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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Kwon YO, Hong JT, Oh KW. Rosmarinic Acid Potentiates Pentobarbital-Induced Sleep Behaviors and Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) Sleep through the Activation of GABA A-ergic Systems. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:105-111. [PMID: 27469144 PMCID: PMC5340534 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been known that RA, one of major constituents of Perilla frutescens which has been used as a traditional folk remedy for sedation in oriental countries, shows the anxiolytic-like and sedative effects. This study was performed to know whether RA may enhance pentobarbital-induced sleep through γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A-ergic systems in rodents. RA (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ kg, p.o.) reduced the locomotor activity in mice. RA decreased sleep latency and increased the total sleep time in pentobarbital (42 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced sleeping mice. RA also increased sleeping time and number of falling sleep mice after treatment with sub-hypnotic pentobarbital (28 mg/kg, i.p.). In electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, RA (2.0 mg/kg) not only decreased the counts of sleep/wake cycles and REM sleep, but also increased the total and NREM sleep in rats. The power density of NREM sleep showed the increase in δ-waves and the decrease in α-waves. On the other hand, RA (0.1, 1.0 and 10 μg/ml) increased intracellular Cl- influx in the primary cultured hypothalamic cells of rats. RA (p.o.) increased the protein expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65/67) and GABAA receptors subunits except β1 subunit. In conclusion, RA augmented pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors through GABAA-ergic transmission. Thus, it is suggested that RA may be useful for the treatment of insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Ok Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Wan Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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Kwon YO, Ha TW, Oh KW. Ethanol Extract of Perillae Herba Enhances Pentobarbital-Induced Sleep and Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) Sleep through GABAA-ergic Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.20307/nps.2017.23.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Ok Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Ha
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Wan Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Woo JH, Ha TW, Kang JS, Hong JT, Oh KW. Potentiation of decursinol angelate on pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors via the activation of GABA A-ergic systems in rodents. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 21:27-36. [PMID: 28066138 PMCID: PMC5214908 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Angelicae Gigantis Radix (AGR, Angelica gigas) has been used for a long time as a traditional folk medicine in Korea and oriental countries. Decursinol angelate (DCA) is structurally isomeric decursin, one of the major components of AGR. This study was performed to confirm whether DCA augments pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors via the activation of GABAA-ergic systems in animals. Oral administration of DCA (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg) markedly suppressed spontaneous locomotor activity. DCA also prolonged sleeping time, and decreased the sleep latency by pentobarbital (42 mg/kg), in a dose-dependent manner, similar to muscimol, both at the hypnotic (42 mg/kg) and sub-hypnotic (28 mg/kg) dosages. Especially, DCA increased the number of sleeping animals in the sub-hypnotic dosage. DCA (50 mg/kg, p.o.) itself modulated sleep architectures; DCA reduced the counts of sleep/wake cycles. At the same time, DCA increased total sleep time, but not non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. In the molecular experiments. DCA (0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 µg/ml) increased intracellular Cl- influx level in hypothalamic primary cultured neuronal cells of rats. In addition, DCA increased the protein expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65/67) and GABAA receptors subtypes. Taken together, these results suggest that DCA potentiates pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors through the activation of GABAA-ergic systems, and can be useful in the treatment of insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hoon Woo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Ha
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jae-Seon Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434, Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Ki-Wan Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Yoo JH, Ha TW, Hong JT, Oh KW. Rhynchophylline, One of Major Constituents ofUncariae Ramulus et UncusEnhances Pentobarbital-induced Sleep Behaviors and Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in Rodents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.20307/nps.2016.22.4.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyeon Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Ha
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Wan Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
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Effects of blue mussel (ME) water extracts on pentobarbital-induced sleep and the sleep architecture in mice. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0039-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Gastrodiae Rhizoma Ethanol Extract Enhances Pentobarbital-Induced Sleeping Behaviors and Rapid Eye Movement Sleep via the Activation of GABA A -ergic Transmission in Rodents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:426843. [PMID: 25614750 PMCID: PMC4293790 DOI: 10.1155/2014/426843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This research was designed to identify whether Gastrodiae Rhizoma ethanol extract (GREE) enhances pentobarbital-induced sleep via
γ-aminobutyric acid- (GABA-) ergic systems and modulated sleep architectures in animals. GREE (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited locomotor activity in mice, in a dose-dependent manner. GREE not only prolonged total sleep time, but also reduced sleep latency time in pentobarbital (42 mg/kg)-treated mice. Subhypnotic pentobarbital (28 mg/kg, i.p.) also increased the number of total sleeping animals in concomitant administration of GREE. GREE (100 mg/kg) alone reduced the count of sleep-wake cycles in electroencephalogram. Furthermore, GREE increased total sleep time and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. From the in vitro experiments, GREE increased intracellular chloride level in primary cultured cerebellar granule cells. Protein expressions of glutamine acid decarboxylase (GAD) and GABAA receptors subtypes by western blot were increased. Therefore, our study suggested that GREE enhances pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors and increased REM via the activation of GABAA-ergic transmission in rodents.
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Wu J, Wang G, Du X, Song N, Zou Z, Chen J, Zhang Y, Li T, Wang X, Kuang H. A caryophyllane-type sesquiterpene, caryophyllenol A from Valeriana amurensis. Fitoterapia 2014; 96:18-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Cho S, Yoon M, Pae AN, Jin YH, Cho NC, Takata Y, Urade Y, Kim S, Kim JS, Yang H, Kim J, Kim J, Han JK, Shimizu M, Huang ZL. Marine polyphenol phlorotannins promote non-rapid eye movement sleep in mice via the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:2825-37. [PMID: 24488362 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE In psychopharmacology, researchers have been interested in the hypnotic effects of terrestrial plant polyphenols and their synthetic derivatives. Phlorotannins, a marine plant polyphenol, could have potential as a source of novel hypnotic drugs. OBJECTIVES The effects of phlorotannins and major phlorotannin constituent eckstolonol on sleep-wake profiles in mice were evaluated in comparison with diazepam, and their hypnotic mechanism was also investigated. METHODS The effects of phlorotannin preparation (PRT) and eckstolonol orally given on sleep-wake profiles were measured by recording electroencephalograms (EEG) and electromyograms in C57BL/6N mice. Flumazenil, a GABAA-benzodiazepine (BZD) receptor antagonist, was injected 15 min before PRT and eckstolonol to reveal its hypnotic mechanism. RESULTS PRT administration (>250 mg/kg) produced a significant decrease in sleep latency and an increase in the amount of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS). Eckstolonol significantly decreased sleep latency (>12.5 mg/kg) and increased the amount of NREMS (50 mg/kg). PRT and eckstolonol had no effect on EEG power density of NREMS. The hypnotic effects of PRT or eckstolonol were completely abolished by pretreatment with flumazenil. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that phlorotannins promote NREMS by modulating the BZD site of the GABAA receptor. These results suggest that phlorotannins can be potentially used as an herbal medicine for insomnia and as a promising structure for developing novel sedative-hypnotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suengmok Cho
- Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam, 463-746, Republic of Korea
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Sahu S, Ray K, Yogendra Kumar MS, Gupta S, Kauser H, Kumar S, Mishra K, Panjwani U. Valeriana wallichii root extract improves sleep quality and modulates brain monoamine level in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:924-929. [PMID: 22766307 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effects of Valeriana wallichi (VW) aqueous root extract on sleep-wake profile and level of brain monoamines on Sprague-Dawley rats. Electrodes and transmitters were implanted to record EEG and EMG in freely moving condition and the changes were recorded telemetrically after oral administration of VW in the doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight. Sleep latency was decreased and duration of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep was increased in a dose dependent manner. A significant decrease of sleep latency and duration of wakefulness were observed with VW at doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg. Duration of NREM sleep as well as duration of total sleep was increased significantly after treatment with VW at the doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg. VW also increased EEG slow wave activity during NREM sleep at the doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg. Level of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), serotonin (5-HT) and hydroxy indole acetic acid (HIAA) were measured in frontal cortex and brain stem after VW treatment at the dose of 200mg/kg. NE and 5HT level were decreased significantly in both frontal cortex and brain stem. DA and HIAA level significantly decreased only in cortex. DOPAC level was not changed in any brain region studied. In conclusion it can be said that VW water extract has a sleep quality improving effect which may be dependent upon levels of monoamines in cortex and brainstem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Sahu
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences-DIPAS, Defence Research and Developmental Organization-DRDO, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 54, India
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Abstract
Panax ginseng (Ginseng), Rhodiola rosea (Hong Jing Tian) and Schisandra chinensis (Wu Wei Zi) are well-known herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Recently, there have been a number of studies on these three herbs. This review discusses their active components and major pharmacological effects. For P. ginseng, it has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory activity, affects pulmonary function and erectile dysfunction, improves cognition in patients with Alzheimer's disease and promotes sexual arousal in menopausal women as well as prevents cancer. For R. rosea, its effectiveness in alleviating depression and reducing fatigue is summarized in this review. Additionally, anti-cancer and other clinical effects of S. chinensis are also discussed. These three herbs are considered as adaptogens as they bear multiple functions and their effects were found to be very different in patients depending on the circumstances (age, gender, environment, diet, season, etc.). Thus, in most cases, the art of the TCM practitioner is to prescribe these herbs after a complete evaluation of overall heath status of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Wan Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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OMORI K, KAGAMI Y, YOKOYAMA C, MORIYAMA T, MATSUMOTO N, MASAKI M, NAKAMURA H, KAMASAKA H, SHIRAISHI K, KOMETANI T, KURIKI T, HUANG ZL, URADE Y. Promotion of non-rapid eye movement sleep in mice after oral administration of ornithine. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-8425.2011.00515.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yoon DW, Cho SM, Kim SJ, Kim JH, Kim DS, Lee SH, Yun CH, Shin C. Effects of <italic>Cynanchum Wilfordii</italic> Hemsley Extract on the Sleep-Wake Architectures in Rats. SLEEP MEDICINE RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.17241/smr.2011.2.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Turk J. Sleep disorders in children and adolescents with learning disabilities and their management. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5042/amhld.2010.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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