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Behl T, Kaur I, Sehgal A, Singh S, Zengin G, Negrut N, Nistor-Cseppento DC, Pavel FM, Corb Aron RA, Bungau S. Exploring the Genetic Conception of Obesity via the Dual Role of FoxO. Int J Mol Sci 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity or overweight are not superficial problems, constituting a pressing issue. The obesity index has almost tripled since 1975, which is an alarming state. Most of the individuals are currently becoming overweight or have inappropriate body mass index (BMI) conditions. Obesity is characterized by increased fat accumulation and thus poses a higher health risk. There is increased size and volume of fat cells in the body, which usually accounts for obesity. Many investigations have been carried out in this area, such as behavioral improvements, dietary changes, chemical involvements, etc., but presently no such goals are established to manage these health concerns. Based on previous literature reports and our interpretation, the current review indicates the involvement of various transcriptional and transporter functions in modifying the above-mentioned health conditions. Various transcriptional factors such as Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) impart a significant effect on the physiology and pathology of metabolic dysfunction such as obesity. FoxO1 plays a dual role whether in the progression or suppression of metabolic processes depending on its targets. Thus, in the current study, will be discussed the dual role of FoxO1 in metabolic conditions (such as obesity), also summarizing the role of various other transcriptional factors involved in obesity.
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Behl T, Kaur I, Sehgal A, Singh S, Zengin G, Negrut N, Nistor-Cseppento DC, Pavel FM, Corb Aron RA, Bungau S. Exploring the Genetic Conception of Obesity via the Dual Role of FoxO. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063179. [PMID: 33804729 PMCID: PMC8003860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity or overweight are not superficial problems, constituting a pressing issue. The obesity index has almost tripled since 1975, which is an alarming state. Most of the individuals are currently becoming overweight or have inappropriate body mass index (BMI) conditions. Obesity is characterized by increased fat accumulation and thus poses a higher health risk. There is increased size and volume of fat cells in the body, which usually accounts for obesity. Many investigations have been carried out in this area, such as behavioral improvements, dietary changes, chemical involvements, etc., but presently no such goals are established to manage these health concerns. Based on previous literature reports and our interpretation, the current review indicates the involvement of various transcriptional and transporter functions in modifying the above-mentioned health conditions. Various transcriptional factors such as Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) impart a significant effect on the physiology and pathology of metabolic dysfunction such as obesity. FoxO1 plays a dual role whether in the progression or suppression of metabolic processes depending on its targets. Thus, in the current study, will be discussed the dual role of FoxO1 in metabolic conditions (such as obesity), also summarizing the role of various other transcriptional factors involved in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (I.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (S.B.); Tel.: +40-726-776-588 (S.B.)
| | - Ishnoor Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (I.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (I.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (I.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey;
| | - Nicoleta Negrut
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (N.N.); (D.C.N.-C.)
| | - Delia Carmen Nistor-Cseppento
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (N.N.); (D.C.N.-C.)
| | - Flavia Maria Pavel
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.P.); (R.A.C.A.)
| | - Raluca Anca Corb Aron
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.P.); (R.A.C.A.)
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (S.B.); Tel.: +40-726-776-588 (S.B.)
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Rowińska I, Szyperska-Ślaska A, Zariczny P, Pasławski R, Kramkowski K, Kowalczyk P. The Influence of Diet on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Bacterial Biofilms in the Human Oral Cavity. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1444. [PMID: 33809616 PMCID: PMC8001659 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The article is a concise compendium of knowledge on the etiology of pathogenic microorganisms of all complexes causing oral diseases. The influence of particular components of the diet and the role of oxidative stress in periodontal diseases were described. The study investigated the bacteriostatic effect of the diet of adults in in vivo and in vitro tests on the formation of bacterial biofilms living in the subgingival plaque, causing diseases called periodontitis. If left untreated, periodontitis can damage the gums and alveolar bones. Anaerobic bacteria, called periopathogens or periodontopathogens, play a key role in the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis. The most important periopathogens of the oral microbiota are bacteria of all complexes, including the red complex. The obtained results suggest the possibility of using a specific diet in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases-already treated as a disease of civilization. The quoted article is an innovative compilation of knowledge on this subject and it can be a valuable source of knowledge for professional hygienists, dentists, peridontologists, dentistry students and anyone who cares about proper oral hygiene. The obtained results suggest the possibility of using this type of diet in the prophylaxis of the oral cavity in order to avoid periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Rowińska
- The Medical and Social Center for Vocational and Continuing Education in Toruń, St. Jana 1/3, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (I.R.); (A.S.-Ś.)
| | - Adrianna Szyperska-Ślaska
- The Medical and Social Center for Vocational and Continuing Education in Toruń, St. Jana 1/3, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (I.R.); (A.S.-Ś.)
| | - Piotr Zariczny
- Toruń City Hall, Business Support Center in Toruń, ul. Marii Konopnickiej 13, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Robert Pasławski
- Veterinary Insitute, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, str. Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Karol Kramkowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilińskiego 1str, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Paweł Kowalczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
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Gentile AM, Lhamyani S, Coín-Aragüez L, Clemente-Postigo M, Oliva Olivera W, Romero-Zerbo SY, García-Serrano S, García-Escobar E, Zayed H, Doblado E, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, Murri M, Tinahones FJ, El Bekay R. miR-20b, miR-296, and Let-7f Expression in Human Adipose Tissue is Related to Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:245-254. [PMID: 30597763 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the potential association of different microRNA (miRNA) molecules with both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity and determine their target genes. METHODS Quantitative PCR was used to analyze the miR-20b, miR-296, and Let-7f levels in human visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues (ATs) in relation to obesity and T2D, miRTarBase 4.0 was used for validation of target genes, and the Protein Analysis Through Evolutionary Relationships (PANTHER) Classification System and the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) were used to annotate the biological processes of the predicted targets. RESULTS In AT, miR-20b, miR-296, and Let-7f levels were significantly different between normoglycemic subjects and those with T2D. In visceral adipose tissue, miRNA levels were higher in normoglycemic/obesity samples than in T2D/obesity samples. miR-20b-miR-296 and Let-7f target genes that showed significant differences in both ATs in relation to obesity and T2D were CDKN1A, CX3CL1, HIF1A, PPP2R1B, STAT3, and VEGFA. These genes are known to be principally involved in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and WNT pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study provides experimental evidence of the possible correlation between AT miR-20b-miR-296-Let-7f with obesity and T2D, which might involve vascular endothelial growth factor and WNT-dependent pathways that are regulated by six different genes, suggesting a novel signaling pathway that could be important for understanding the mechanisms underlying the AT dysfunction associated with obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana-Mariel Gentile
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n - 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n - 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Málaga, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Málaga, Spain
| | - Wilfredo Oliva Olivera
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Málaga, Spain
| | - Silvana-Yanina Romero-Zerbo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Sara García-Serrano
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva García-Escobar
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Esther Doblado
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n - 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Bermúdez-Silva
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Mora Murri
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Málaga, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
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Tranberg B, Hellgren LI, Lykkesfeldt J, Hansen AK. High-fat feeding induces mobilization of vitamin C in obese prone rats. Res Vet Sci 2018; 119:167-169. [PMID: 29945036 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In obesity and dyslipidemia, hydrolysis of triacylglycerol (TAG) into non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) may contribute to insulin resistance, and production of oxygenated, bioactive polyunsaturated fatty acids may increase oxidative stress. Here we show that after six weeks of high-fat feeding of obese prone rats (Crl:OP(CD), vitamin C was increased both in liver (P < 0.01) and plasma (P < 0.001), while both TAG (P < 0.01) and NEFA (P < 0.001) were lower than in low-fat fed control rats. Hepatic vitamin C biosynthesis was similar between groups, indicating that a new steady state level was established with a higher vitamin C level adequate for supplying the systemic needs. Glucose and insulin sensitivity were unaffected at this stage. Eventually, the mobilization of vitamin C may be seen as a mechanism to protect the host against insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tranberg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - L I Hellgren
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - J Lykkesfeldt
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - A K Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Lopez-Mejia IC, Castillo-Armengol J, Lagarrigue S, Fajas L. Role of cell cycle regulators in adipose tissue and whole body energy homeostasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:975-987. [PMID: 28988292 PMCID: PMC11105252 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
In the course of the last decades, metabolism research has demonstrated that adipose tissue is not an inactive tissue. Rather, adipocytes are key actors of whole body energy homeostasis. Numerous novel regulators of adipose tissue differentiation and function have been identified. With the constant increase of obesity and associated disorders, the interest in adipose tissue function alterations in the XXIst century has become of paramount importance. Recent data suggest that adipocyte differentiation, adipose tissue browning and mitochondrial function, lipogenesis and lipolysis are strongly modulated by the cell division machinery. This review will focus on the function of cell cycle regulators in adipocyte differentiation, adipose tissue function and whole body energy homeostasis; with particular attention in mouse studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I C Lopez-Mejia
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Castillo-Armengol
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Lagarrigue
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Fajas
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Thomas-Valdés S, Tostes MDGV, Anunciação PC, da Silva BP, Sant'Ana HMP. Association between vitamin deficiency and metabolic disorders related to obesity. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 57:3332-3343. [PMID: 26745150 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1117413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inappropriate food behavior contributes to obesity and leads to vitamin deficiency. This review discusses the nutritional status of water- and fat-soluble vitamins in obese subjects. We verified that most vitamins are deficient in obese individuals, especially the fat-soluble vitamins, folic acid, vitamin B12 and vitamin C. However, some vitamins have been less evaluated in cases of obesity. The adipose tissue is considered a metabolic and endocrine organ, which in excess leads to changes in body homeostasis, as well as vitamin deficiency which can aggravate the pathological state. Therefore, the evaluation of vitamin status is of fundamental importance in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Thomas-Valdés
- a Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad de Talca , Talca , Chile
| | - Maria das Graças V Tostes
- b Center of Agrarian Sciences , Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Alegre , Espírito Santo , Brazil
| | - Pamella C Anunciação
- c Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Bárbara P da Silva
- c Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil
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Tardelli M, Zeyda K, Moreno-Viedma V, Wanko B, Grün NG, Staffler G, Zeyda M, Stulnig TM. Osteopontin is a key player for local adipose tissue macrophage proliferation in obesity. Mol Metab 2016; 5:1131-1137. [PMID: 27818939 PMCID: PMC5081407 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Recent findings point towards an important role of local macrophage proliferation also in obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation that underlies insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Osteopontin (OPN) is an inflammatory cytokine highly upregulated in adipose tissue (AT) of obese and has repeatedly been shown to be functionally involved in adipose-tissue inflammation and metabolic sequelae. In the present work, we aimed at unveiling both the role of OPN in human monocyte and macrophage proliferation as well as the impact of OPN deficiency on local macrophage proliferation in a mouse model for diet-induced obesity. Methods The impact of recombinant OPN on viability, apoptosis, and proliferation was analyzed in human peripheral blood monocytes and derived macrophages. Wild type (WT) and OPN knockout mice (SPP1KO) were compared with respect to in vivo adipose tissue macrophage and in vitro bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) proliferation. Results OPN not only enhanced survival and decreased apoptosis of human monocytes but also induced proliferation similar to macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF). Even in fully differentiated monocyte-derived macrophages, OPN induced a proliferative response. Moreover, proliferation of adipose tissue macrophages in obese mice was detectable in WT but virtually absent in SPP1KO. In BMDM, OPN also induced proliferation while OPN as well as M-CSF-induced proliferation was similar in WT and SPP1KO. Conclusions These data confirm that monocytes and macrophages not only are responsive to OPN and migrate to sites of inflammation but also they survive and proliferate more in the presence of OPN, a mechanism also strongly confirmed in vivo. Therefore, secreted OPN appears to be an essential player in AT inflammation, not only by driving monocyte chemotaxis and macrophage differentiation but also by facilitating local proliferation of macrophages. Osteopontin enhances survival and decreases apoptosis of human monocytes. Osteopontin induces proliferation of differentiated macrophages. Osteopontin facilitates local adipose tissue macrophage proliferation in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Tardelli
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karina Zeyda
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; FH Campus Wien, University of Applied Sciences, Department Health, Section Biomedical Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronica Moreno-Viedma
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bettina Wanko
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole G Grün
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Maximilian Zeyda
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Clinical Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas M Stulnig
- Christian Doppler-Laboratory for Cardio-Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Leffa DD, da Silva J, Petronilho FC, Biélla MS, Lopes A, Binatti AR, Daumann F, Schuck PF, Andrade VM. Acerola ( Malpighia emarginata DC.) juice intake protects against oxidative damage in mice fed by cafeteria diet. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Tveden-Nyborg P, Lykkesfeldt J. Does vitamin C deficiency increase lifestyle-associated vascular disease progression? Evidence based on experimental and clinical studies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 19:2084-104. [PMID: 23642093 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Despite continuous advances in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), critical issues associated with an unhealthy lifestyle remain an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. RECENT ADVANCES A growing body of literature supports a specific role for vitamin C in a number of reactions that are associated with vascular function and control including, for example, nitric oxide bioavailability, lipid metabolism, and vascular integrity. CRITICAL ISSUES A large body of epidemiological evidence supports a relationship between poor vitamin C status and increased risk of developing CVD, and the prevalence of deficiency continues to be around 10%-20% of the general Western population although this problem could easily and cheaply be solved by supplementation. However, large intervention studies using vitamin C have not found a beneficial effect of supplementation. This review outlines the proposed mechanism by which vitamin C deficiency worsens CVD progression. In addition, it discusses problems with the currently available literature, including the discrepancies between the large intervention studies and the experimental and epidemiological literature. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Increased insights into vitamin C deficiency-mediated CVD progression will enable the design of future randomized controlled trials that are better suited to test the efficacy of vitamin C in disease prevention as well as the identification of high-risk individuals which could possibly benefit from supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Tveden-Nyborg
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg, Denmark
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11
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Paternain L, de la Garza AL, Batlle MA, Milagro FI, Martínez JA, Campión J. Prenatal stress increases the obesogenic effects of a high-fat-sucrose diet in adult rats in a sex-specific manner. Stress 2013; 16:220-32. [PMID: 22738222 DOI: 10.3109/10253890.2012.707708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress during pregnancy can induce metabolic disorders in adult offspring. To analyze the possible differential response to a high-fat-sucrose (HFS) diet in offspring affected by prenatal stress (PNS) or not, pregnant Wistar rats (n = 11) were exposed to a chronic mild stress during the third week of gestation. The aim of this study was to model a chronic depressive-like state that develops over time in response to exposure of rats to a series of mild and unpredictable stressors. Control dams (n = 11) remained undisturbed. Adult offspring were fed chow or HFS diet (20% protein, 35% carbohydrate, 45% fat) for 10 weeks. Changes in adiposity, biochemical profile, and retroperitoneal adipose tissue gene expression by real-time polymerase chain reaction were analyzed. An interaction was observed between HFS and PNS concerning visceral adiposity, with higher fat mass in HFS-fed stressed rats, statistically significant only in females. HFS modified lipid profile and increased insulin resistance biomarkers, while PNS reduced insulin concentrations and the homeostasis model assessment index. HFS diet increased gene (mRNA) expression for leptin and apelin and decreased cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A and fatty acid synthase (Fasn), whereas PNS increased Fasn and stearoyl-CoA desaturase1. An interaction between diet and PNS was observed for adiponutrin (Adpn) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator1-α (Ppargc1a) gene expression: Adpn was increased by the PNS only in HFS-fed rats, whereas Ppargc1a was increased by the PNS only in chow-fed rats. From these results, it can be concluded that experience of maternal stress during intrauterine development can enhance predisposition to obesity induced by a HFS diet intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Paternain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
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Garcia-Diaz DF, Campion J, Arellano AV, Milagro FI, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Martinez JA. Fat intake leads to differential response of rat adipocytes to glucose, insulin and ascorbic acid. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2012; 237:407-16. [DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2011.011317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant-based treatments have emerged as novel and interesting approaches to counteract fat accumulation in obesity and associated metabolic disturbances. Adipocytes from rats that were fed on chow or high-fat diet (HFD) for 50 d were isolated (primary adipocytes) and incubated (72 h) on low (LG; 5.6 mmol/L) or high (HG; 25 mmol/L) glucose levels, in the presence or absence of 1.6 nmol/L insulin and 200 μmol/L vitamin C (VC). Adipocytes from HFD-fed animals presented lower insulin-induced glucose uptake, lower lactate and glycerol release, and lower insulin-induced secretion of some adipokines as compared with controls. HG treatment restored the blunted response to insulin regarding apelin secretion in adipocytes from HFD-fed rats. VC treatment inhibited the levels of nearly all variables, irrespective of the adipocytes’ dietary origin. The HG treatment reduced adipocyte viability, and VC protected from this toxic effect, although more drastically in control adipocytes. Summing up, in vivo chow or HFD intake determines a differential response to insulin and glucose treatments that appears to be dependent on the insulin-resistance status of the adipocytes, while VC modifies some responses from adipocytes independently of the previous dietary intake of the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego F Garcia-Diaz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Campion
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arianna V Arellano
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fermin I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria J Moreno-Aliaga
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Glucose and insulin modify thrombospondin 1 expression and secretion in primary adipocytes from diet-induced obese rats. J Physiol Biochem 2011; 67:453-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-011-0081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Influence of dietary macronutrient composition on adiposity and cellularity of different fat depots in Wistar rats. J Physiol Biochem 2009; 65:387-95. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03185934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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