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Gentile AM, Lhamyani S, Coín-Aragüez L, Clemente-Postigo M, Oliva Olivera W, Romero-Zerbo SY, García-Serrano S, García-Escobar E, Zayed H, Doblado E, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, Murri M, Tinahones FJ, El Bekay R. miR-20b, miR-296, and Let-7f Expression in Human Adipose Tissue is Related to Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:245-254. [PMID: 30597763 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the potential association of different microRNA (miRNA) molecules with both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity and determine their target genes. METHODS Quantitative PCR was used to analyze the miR-20b, miR-296, and Let-7f levels in human visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues (ATs) in relation to obesity and T2D, miRTarBase 4.0 was used for validation of target genes, and the Protein Analysis Through Evolutionary Relationships (PANTHER) Classification System and the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) were used to annotate the biological processes of the predicted targets. RESULTS In AT, miR-20b, miR-296, and Let-7f levels were significantly different between normoglycemic subjects and those with T2D. In visceral adipose tissue, miRNA levels were higher in normoglycemic/obesity samples than in T2D/obesity samples. miR-20b-miR-296 and Let-7f target genes that showed significant differences in both ATs in relation to obesity and T2D were CDKN1A, CX3CL1, HIF1A, PPP2R1B, STAT3, and VEGFA. These genes are known to be principally involved in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and WNT pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study provides experimental evidence of the possible correlation between AT miR-20b-miR-296-Let-7f with obesity and T2D, which might involve vascular endothelial growth factor and WNT-dependent pathways that are regulated by six different genes, suggesting a novel signaling pathway that could be important for understanding the mechanisms underlying the AT dysfunction associated with obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana-Mariel Gentile
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n - 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n - 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Málaga, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Málaga, Spain
| | - Wilfredo Oliva Olivera
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Málaga, Spain
| | - Silvana-Yanina Romero-Zerbo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Sara García-Serrano
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva García-Escobar
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Esther Doblado
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n - 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Bermúdez-Silva
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Mora Murri
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clinica de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Málaga, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
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Coín-Aragüez L, Pavón FJ, Contreras A, Gentile AM, Lhamyani S, De Diego-Otero Y, Casado Y, Oliva Olivera W, Olveira G, Tinahones FJ, Pérez Costillas L, El Bekay R. Inflammatory gene expression in adipose tissue according to diagnosis of anxiety and mood disorders in obese and non-obese subjects. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17518. [PMID: 30504920 PMCID: PMC6269530 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders have been widely reported to be associated with systemic inflammation upregulation and adiposity. However, there are no data that link adipose tissue inflammation to these mental disorders. The analysis of adipokines and inflammation-related markers in adipose tissue could help to elucidate the potential association between obesity and mental health. An observational study was conducted in samples of patients consisting of non-obese and obese subjects, who were diagnosed with anxiety or mood disorders. Gene expression of adiponectin (ADIPOQ), leptin (LEP) and inflammatory markers (IL6, IL1B, TNF, CCL2, CSF3, ITGAM, and PLAUR) were determined in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissues. Our results showed that the gene expression of adipokines and inflammation-related markers was higher in the VAT and SAT of obese subjects compared with non-obese subjects. Regarding mental disorders, all the inflammatory genes in the VAT were significantly higher in non-obese subjects with anxiety or mood disorders than in subjects without mental disorders, except for TNF and ITGAM. Additionally, IL6 expression was significantly lower in SAT. In contrast, obese patients diagnosed with anxiety or mood disorders only showed significantly lower expression levels of IL1B in VAT and ADIPOQ in SAT when compared with obese subjects without mental disorders. These data suggest the potential involvement of VAT inflammation in anxiety and mood disorders, involving complex mechanisms which are strongly affected by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Complejo Hospitalario de Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Málaga, CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Pavón
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alba Contreras
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Adriana-Mariel Gentile
- IBIMA, Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Teatinos s/n - 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- IBIMA, Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Teatinos s/n - 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Yolanda De Diego-Otero
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Yolanda Casado
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Wilfredo Oliva Olivera
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Complejo Hospitalario de Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Málaga, CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, CIBERDEM CB07/08/0019, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Complejo Hospitalario de Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Málaga, CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lucía Pérez Costillas
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Málaga, Spain.
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Oliva-Olivera W, Lhamyani S, Coín-Aragüez L, Alcaide-Torres J, Cardona F, El Bekay R, Tinahones FJ. Involvement of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes in the deterioration of the functional potential of adipose-derived multipotent cells from subjects with metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 2018; 88:12-21. [PMID: 30172756 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The expansion capacity of white adipose tissue influences the distribution of fat depots in the body, the visceral accumulation of which is linked to metabolic syndrome, regardless of the degree of obesity of the subjects. Alterations in the adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) may contribute to the adipose tissue remodeling associated with metabolic syndrome and impact the regional distribution of adipose tissue by generating inherently dysfunctional adipocytes. Here we examine the expression levels of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes and their relationship with the lipogenic, antioxidant and oxidative potential of adipocytes generated from visceral ASCs (adipo-visASCs) and subcutaneous ASCs (adipo-subASCs) from subjects with different metabolic profiles. MATERIALS/METHODS Paired samples of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue were processed to isolate the respective ASCs from normal-weight (Nw) subjects and obese patients with metabolic syndrome (METS) and without METS (NonMETS). qPCR was used to quantify the expression levels of the genes studied in both adipo-ASCs from the patient groups and those generated after silencing by small interfering RNA of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes. The accumulation of lipids was quantified by absorbance. RESULTS No significant differences in cell yield or CD34+CD31-CD45- ASC percentage were observed between the different patient groups. Unlike adipo-visASCs, adipo-subASCs from METS patients showed a decrease in expression levels of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes as well as proteins linked to lipogenesis, antioxidant defense and fatty acid oxidation. Transcriptional silencing of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes in adipo-subASCs reduced lipid accumulation and affected transcription levels of lipogenic and antioxidant defense proteins. CONCLUSIONS Adipo-subASCs may be more susceptible than adipo-visASCs to deterioration of the lipogenic, oxidative and antioxidant potential associated with metabolic syndrome. Intrinsic alterations in transcription levels of acetyl-CoA-producing enzymes may contribute to the metabolic reprogramming of adipo-subASCs from METS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain.
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Juan Alcaide-Torres
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Fernando Cardona
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Spain; Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, ISCIII, Spain.
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Oliva-Olivera W, Coín-Aragüez L, Lhamyani S, Salas J, Gentile AM, Romero-Zerbo SY, Zayed H, Valderrama J, Tinahones FJ, El Bekay R. Differences in the neovascular potential of thymus versus subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells from patients with myocardial ischaemia. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:e1772-e1784. [PMID: 29024495 DOI: 10.1002/term.2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived multipotent mesenchymal cells (ASCs) participate in the information of blood vessels under hypoxic conditions. It is probable that the susceptibility of ASCs to the influence of age and ageing-associated pathologies compromises their therapeutic effectiveness depending on the adipose tissue depot. Our aim was to examine the neovascular potential under hypoxic conditions of ASCs-derived from thymic (thymASCs) and subcutaneous (subASCs) adipose tissue from 39 subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and of different ages who were undergoing coronary bypass surgery. We confirmed a significant decrease in the percentage of CD34+ CD31- CD45- subASCs in the cell yield of subASCs and in the survival of cultured endothelial cells in the medium conditioned by the hypox-subASCs with increasing patient age, which was not observed in thymASCs. Whereas the length of the tubules generated by hypox-subASCs tended to correlate negatively with patient age, tubule formation capacity of the hypoxic thymASCs increased significantly. Compared with subASCs, thymASCs from subjects over age 65 and without T2DM showed higher cell yield, tubule formation capacity, vascular endothelial growth factor secretion levels, and ability to promote endothelial cell survival in their conditioned medium. Deterioration in subASCs neovascular potential relative to thymASCs derived from these subjects was accompanied by higher expression levels of NOX4 mRNA and fibrotic proteins. Our results indicate that thymASCs from patients over age 65 and without T2DM have a higher angiogenic potential than those from the other patient groups, suggesting they may be a good candidate for angiogenic therapy in subjects undergoing coronary bypass surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Clinical Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Malaga, Spain.,CIBER-The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Malaga, Spain
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Clinical Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Malaga, Spain.,CIBER-The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Julián Salas
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Carlos Haya University Hospital, Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Silvana-Yanina Romero-Zerbo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Malaga, Spain
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Health Sciences Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jf Valderrama
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Carlos Haya University Hospital, Malaga, Spain
| | - Francisco José Tinahones
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Clinical Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Malaga, Spain.,CIBER-The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Malaga, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- CIBER-The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Malaga, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
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Oliva-Olivera W, Moreno-Indias I, Coín-Aragüez L, Lhamyani S, Alcaide Torres J, Fernández-Veledo S, Vendrell J, Camargo A, El Bekay R, Tinahones FJ. Different response to hypoxia of adipose-derived multipotent cells from obese subjects with and without metabolic syndrome. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188324. [PMID: 29166648 PMCID: PMC5699836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives Multiple studies suggest that hypoxia, together with inflammation, could be one of the phenomena involved in the onset and progression of obesity-related insulin resistance. In addition, dysfunction of adipose tissue in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome is associated with decreased angiogenesis. However, some subjects with a high body mass index do not develop metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. The aim of the current study was to examine the neovascular properties of visceral adipose tissue-derived multipotent mesenchymal cells subjected to hypoxia (hypox-visASCs) from normal-weight subjects (Nw) and obese patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and without metabolic syndrome (NonMS). Methods This was a 2-year study to enroll subjects who underwent bariatric surgery or cholecystectomy. Eight patients who underwent either bariatric surgery or cholecystectomy (27 patients) participated in the study. Visceral adipose tissue samples from Nw, MS and NonMS subjects were processed by enzymatic digestion. VisASCs cultured under hypoxic conditions were characterized by tubule formation assay, ELISA, flow cytometry, migration rate, and qRT-PCR, and the effects of visASCs-conditioned medium on survival and endothelial cell tubule formation were evaluated. Results Hypox-visASCs from NonMS subjects showed a greater capacity for tubule formation than hypox-visASCs from Nw and MS subjects. The lower percentage of CD140b+/CD44+ and CD140b+/CD184+ cells observed in hypox-visASCs from NonMS subjects compared to MS subjects was accompanied not only by a lower migration rate from the chemotactic effects of stromal cell derived factor 1α, but also by lower levels of NOX5 mRNA expression. While the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 mRNA expressed by hypox-visASCs correlated positively with the body mass index and waist circumference of the subjects, the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor present in hypox-visASC-conditioned culture medium decreased significantly with increasing plasma glucose. The survival rate and tubules formed by endothelial cells cultured in hypox-visASC-conditioned medium decreased significantly with increasing homeostasis model assessment to quantify insulin resistance. Conclusions Our results suggest that hypox-visASCs from NonMS subjects could promote healthy adipose tissue expansion, while hypox-visASCs from MS subjects appear to contribute to the decreased angiogenic potential and increased inflammation underlying adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity. Our results emphasize the importance of taking into account not only the BMI but also the metabolic profile of the subjects during the implementation of ASCs-based therapy to promote neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (FJT); (REB); (WOO)
| | - Isabel Moreno-Indias
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Research Laboratory, Science School, University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Alcaide Torres
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Camargo
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (FJT); (REB); (WOO)
| | - Francisco José Tinahones
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (FJT); (REB); (WOO)
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Oliva-Olivera W, Lhamyani S, Coín-Aragüez L, Castellano-Castillo D, Alcaide-Torres J, Yubero-Serrano EM, El Bekay R, Tinahones FJ. Neovascular deterioration, impaired NADPH oxidase and inflammatory cytokine expression in adipose-derived multipotent cells from subjects with metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 2017; 71:132-143. [PMID: 28521866 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Expansion of adipose tissue depends on the growth of its vascular network and it has been shown that adipose tissue dysfunction in obese subjects with the metabolic syndrome is associated with decreased angiogenesis. However, some subjects with a high body mass index do not develop metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. In this study we examined the neovascular properties, expression levels of proteins involved in cellular redox balance and inflammatory cytokines in adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal cells (ASCs) of subjects with different metabolic profiles. MATERIALS/METHODS We applied cell culture, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR and ELISA techniques to characterize the ASCs isolated from paired biopsies of visceral (visASCs) and subcutaneous (subASCs) adipose tissue from 39 subjects grouped into normal weight (Nw), obese without metabolic syndrome (NonMS) and with metabolic syndrome (MS). RESULTS VisASCs and subASCs from MS subjects showed a decrease in tubules formation capacity compared to ASCs from NonMS subjects as well as changes in the expression levels of proteins involved in cell redox balance and secretion levels of proteins linked to the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Deterioration in the neovascular properties of subASCs from the MS subjects was also evident in the decreased levels of VEGF secretion during adipogenesis and in the effects of the conditioned medium on endothelial cell tubule formation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a redox imbalance status in ASCs from subjects with metabolic syndrome and decreased their neovascular function that probably contributes to the vascular insufficiency of adipose depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Research Laboratory, Science School, University of Málaga (UMA), Campus Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Daniel Castellano-Castillo
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Juan Alcaide-Torres
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Elena María Yubero-Serrano
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain; Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
| | - Francisco José Tinahones
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
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7
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Oliva-Olivera W, Coín-Aragüez L, Lhamyani S, Clemente-Postigo M, Torres JA, Bernal-López MR, El Bekay R, Tinahones FJ. Adipogenic Impairment of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome: Possible Protective Role of FGF2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:478-487. [PMID: 27967316 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-2256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The decreased expansion capacity of adipose tissue plays a crucial role in the onset of disorders associated with metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the state of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) from obese subjects with different metabolic profiles. DESIGN This was a 2-year study to enroll subjects who underwent bariatric surgery or cholecystectomy. SETTING University Hospital. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTION Patients who underwent either bariatric surgery (20 morbidly obese) or cholecystectomy (40 subjects) participated in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ASCs were obtained from both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Adipogenic, fibrotic gene expression was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction; Smad7 and fibroblast growth factor 2 were quantified by western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The susceptibility of ASCs to apoptosis, their population doubling time, and their clonogenic potential were evaluated. RESULTS The worsening metabolic profile of the patients was accompanied by a decrease in the intrinsic levels of adipogenic gene expression, reduced proliferation rate, clonogenic potential, and exportation of fibroblast growth factor 2 to the cell surface of the ASCs derived from both tissues. In addition, the ASCs from patients without metabolic syndrome showed differences in susceptibility to apoptosis and expression of TGFβ-signaling inhibitory protein Smad7 with respect to the ASCs from patients with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the decrease in adipogenic-gene mRNA and clonogenic potential, as well as the accumulation of fibrotic proteins with metabolic alterations, could be a relevant mechanism controlling the number and size of neogenerated adipocytes and involved in alteration of adipose-tissue expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- Departments of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- Departments of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Departments of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Departments of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Juan Alcaide Torres
- Departments of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Maria Rosa Bernal-López
- Internal Medicine, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga, Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga, Málaga 29010, Spain; and
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Departments of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Francisco José Tinahones
- Departments of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
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8
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Gentile AM, Lhamyani S, Coín-Aragüez L, Oliva-Olivera W, Zayed H, Vega-Rioja A, Monteseirin J, Romero-Zerbo SY, Tinahones FJ, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, El Bekay R. RPL13A and EEF1A1 Are Suitable Reference Genes for qPCR during Adipocyte Differentiation of Vascular Stromal Cells from Patients with Different BMI and HOMA-IR. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157002. [PMID: 27304673 PMCID: PMC4909211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Real-time or quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a useful technique that requires reliable reference genes for data normalization in gene expression analysis. Adipogenesis is among the biological processes suitable for this technique. The selection of adequate reference genes is essential for qPCR gene expression analysis of human Vascular Stromal Cells (hVSCs) during their differentiation into adipocytes. To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies validating reference genes for the analyses of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue hVSCs from subjects with different Body Mass Index (BMI) and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index. The present study was undertaken to analyze this question. We first analyzed the stability of expression of five potential reference genes: CYC, GAPDH, RPL13A, EEF1A1, and 18S ribosomal RNA, during in vitro adipogenic differentiation, in samples from these types of patients. The expression of RPL13A and EEF1A1 was not affected by differentiation, thus being these genes the most stable candidates, while CYC, GAPDH, and 18S were not suitable for this sort of analysis. This work highlights that RPL13A and EEF1A1 are good candidates as reference genes for qPCR analysis of hVSCs differentiation into adipocytes from subjects with different BMI and HOMA-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Said Lhamyani
- IBIMA, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29010, Málaga, España
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- CIBER Pathophysiology of obesity and nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, 29010, Spain, Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- CIBER Pathophysiology of obesity and nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, 29010, Spain, Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Health Sciences Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Antonio Vega-Rioja
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Alergia Intercentros, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
- * E-mail: (AVR); (FJBS); (REB)
| | - Javier Monteseirin
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Alergia Intercentros, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Silvana-Yanina Romero-Zerbo
- Unidad de Gestion Clínica Intercentros de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, 29009, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco-José Tinahones
- CIBER Pathophysiology of obesity and nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, 29010, Spain, Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, 29010, Spain
- Endocrinology Service, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Malaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Bermúdez-Silva
- Unidad de Gestion Clínica Intercentros de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, 29009, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
- * E-mail: (AVR); (FJBS); (REB)
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- CIBER Pathophysiology of obesity and nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, 29010, Spain, Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, 29010, Spain
- * E-mail: (AVR); (FJBS); (REB)
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9
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El Bekay R, Coín-Aragüez L, Fernández-García D, Oliva-Olivera W, Bernal-López R, Clemente-Postigo M, Delgado-Lista J, Diaz-Ruiz A, Guzman-Ruiz R, Vázquez-Martínez R, Lhamyani S, Roca-Rodríguez MM, Veledo SF, Vendrell J, Malagón MM, Tinahones FJ. Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on the differentiation and metabolism of human adipocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:1820-34. [PMID: 26993859 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients and cause weight loss in obese subjects by as yet unknown mechanisms. We recently demonstrated that the GLP-1 receptor, which is present in adipocytes and the stromal vascular fraction of human adipose tissue (AT), is up-regulated in AT of insulin-resistant morbidly obese subjects compared with healthy lean subjects. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of in vitro and in vivo administration of GLP-1 and its analogues on AT and adipocyte functions from T2D morbidly obese subjects. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We analysed the effects of GLP-1 on human AT and isolated adipocytes in vitro and the effects of GLP-1 mimetics on AT of morbidly obese T2D subjects in vivo. KEY RESULTS GLP-1 down-regulated the expression of lipogenic genes when administered during in vitro differentiation of human adipocytes from morbidly obese patients. GLP-1 also decreased the expression of adipogenic/lipogenic genes in AT explants and mature adipocytes, while increasing that of lipolytic markers and adiponectin. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, GLP-1 decreased free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). GLP-1-induced responses were only partially blocked by GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin (9–39). Moreover, administration of exenatide or liraglutide reduced adipogenic and inflammatory marker mRNA in AT of T2D obese subjects. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our data suggest that the beneficial effects of GLP-1 are associated with changes in the adipogenic potential and ability of AT to expand, via activation of the canonical GLP-1 receptor and an additional, as yet unknown, receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaa El Bekay
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, Spain.,Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, Spain.,Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - Diego Fernández-García
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, Spain.,Endocrinology Service, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Malaga, Spain
| | - Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, Spain.,Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rosa Bernal-López
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, Spain.,Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, Spain.,Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Medicine, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alberto Diaz-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/Universidad de Cordoba, CIBERobn, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rocío Guzman-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/Universidad de Cordoba, CIBERobn, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Vázquez-Martínez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/Universidad de Cordoba, CIBERobn, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, Spain.,Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - María Mar Roca-Rodríguez
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, Spain.,Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Joan Vendrell
- CIBERDEM, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Pere Virgili Institute, Tarragona, Spain
| | - María M Malagón
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/Universidad de Cordoba, CIBERobn, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco José Tinahones
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition CB06/03, Carlos III Health Institute, Malaga, Spain.,Endocrinology Service, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Malaga, Spain
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10
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Roca-Rodríguez M, Coín-Aragüez L, Cornejo-Pareja I, Alcaide J, Clu-Fernández C, Muñoz-Garach A, Durán-Martín E, Mora-Navas L, Gómez-Pérez A, Molina-Vega M, Díaz-Perdigones C, Mancha-Doblas I, Tinahones F. Carbohydrate metabolism improvement after Helicobacter pylori eradication. Diabetes & Metabolism 2016; 42:130-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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11
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Oliva-Olivera W, Leiva Gea A, Lhamyani S, Coín-Aragüez L, Alcaide Torres J, Bernal-López MR, García-Luna PP, Morales Conde S, Fernández-Veledo S, El Bekay R, Tinahones FJ. Differences in the Osteogenic Differentiation Capacity of Omental Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Obese Patients With and Without Metabolic Syndrome. Endocrinology 2015; 156:4492-501. [PMID: 26372179 PMCID: PMC4655209 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiple studies have suggested that the reduced differentiation capacity of multipotent adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in obese subjects could compromise their use in cell therapy. Our aim was to assess the osteogenic potential of omental ASCs and to examine the status of the isolated CD34(negative)-enriched fraction of omental-derived ASCs from subjects with different metabolic profiles. Omental ASCs from normal-weight subjects and subjects with or without metabolic syndrome were isolated, and the osteogenic potential of omental ASCs was evaluated. Additionally, osteogenic and clonogenic potential, proliferation rate, mRNA expression levels of proteins involved in redox balance, and fibrotic proteins were examined in the CD34(negative)-enriched fraction of omental-derived ASCs. Both the omental ASCs and the CD34(negative)-enriched fraction of omental ASCs from subjects without metabolic syndrome have a greater osteogenic potential than those from subjects with metabolic syndrome. The alkaline phosphatase and osteonectin mRNA were negatively correlated with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-2 mRNA and the mRNA expression levels of the fibrotic proteins correlated positively with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-5 mRNA and the homeostasis model assessment. Although the population doubling time was significantly higher in subjects with a body mass index of 25 kg/m(2) or greater, only the CD34(negative)-enriched omental ASC fraction in the subjects with metabolic syndrome had a higher population doubling time than the normal-weight subjects. The osteogenic, clonogenic, fibrotic potential, and proliferation rate observed in vitro suggest that omental ASCs from subjects without metabolic syndrome are more suitable for therapeutic osteogenic applications than those from subjects with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L.C.-A., J.A.T., R.E.B., F.J.T.), Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Hospital Complex of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Malaga, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (A.L.G.), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital and University of Malaga, and Department of Internal Medicine (M.R.B.-L.), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L..C.-A., J.A.T., M.R.B.-L., R.E.B., F.J.T.), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (S.F.-V.), Institute of Health Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.P.G.L.) and Unit of Innovation in Minimally Invasive Surgery (S.M.C.), Department of Surgery, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain; and University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII Institut d'Investigació (S.F.-V.), Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio Leiva Gea
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L.C.-A., J.A.T., R.E.B., F.J.T.), Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Hospital Complex of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Malaga, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (A.L.G.), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital and University of Malaga, and Department of Internal Medicine (M.R.B.-L.), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L..C.-A., J.A.T., M.R.B.-L., R.E.B., F.J.T.), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (S.F.-V.), Institute of Health Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.P.G.L.) and Unit of Innovation in Minimally Invasive Surgery (S.M.C.), Department of Surgery, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain; and University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII Institut d'Investigació (S.F.-V.), Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L.C.-A., J.A.T., R.E.B., F.J.T.), Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Hospital Complex of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Malaga, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (A.L.G.), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital and University of Malaga, and Department of Internal Medicine (M.R.B.-L.), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L..C.-A., J.A.T., M.R.B.-L., R.E.B., F.J.T.), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (S.F.-V.), Institute of Health Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.P.G.L.) and Unit of Innovation in Minimally Invasive Surgery (S.M.C.), Department of Surgery, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain; and University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII Institut d'Investigació (S.F.-V.), Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L.C.-A., J.A.T., R.E.B., F.J.T.), Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Hospital Complex of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Malaga, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (A.L.G.), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital and University of Malaga, and Department of Internal Medicine (M.R.B.-L.), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L..C.-A., J.A.T., M.R.B.-L., R.E.B., F.J.T.), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (S.F.-V.), Institute of Health Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.P.G.L.) and Unit of Innovation in Minimally Invasive Surgery (S.M.C.), Department of Surgery, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain; and University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII Institut d'Investigació (S.F.-V.), Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Juan Alcaide Torres
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L.C.-A., J.A.T., R.E.B., F.J.T.), Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Hospital Complex of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Malaga, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (A.L.G.), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital and University of Malaga, and Department of Internal Medicine (M.R.B.-L.), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L..C.-A., J.A.T., M.R.B.-L., R.E.B., F.J.T.), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (S.F.-V.), Institute of Health Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.P.G.L.) and Unit of Innovation in Minimally Invasive Surgery (S.M.C.), Department of Surgery, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain; and University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII Institut d'Investigació (S.F.-V.), Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Rosa Bernal-López
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L.C.-A., J.A.T., R.E.B., F.J.T.), Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Hospital Complex of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Malaga, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (A.L.G.), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital and University of Malaga, and Department of Internal Medicine (M.R.B.-L.), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L..C.-A., J.A.T., M.R.B.-L., R.E.B., F.J.T.), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (S.F.-V.), Institute of Health Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.P.G.L.) and Unit of Innovation in Minimally Invasive Surgery (S.M.C.), Department of Surgery, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain; and University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII Institut d'Investigació (S.F.-V.), Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pedro Pablo García-Luna
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L.C.-A., J.A.T., R.E.B., F.J.T.), Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Hospital Complex of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Malaga, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (A.L.G.), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital and University of Malaga, and Department of Internal Medicine (M.R.B.-L.), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L..C.-A., J.A.T., M.R.B.-L., R.E.B., F.J.T.), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (S.F.-V.), Institute of Health Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.P.G.L.) and Unit of Innovation in Minimally Invasive Surgery (S.M.C.), Department of Surgery, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain; and University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII Institut d'Investigació (S.F.-V.), Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Salvador Morales Conde
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L.C.-A., J.A.T., R.E.B., F.J.T.), Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Hospital Complex of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Malaga, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (A.L.G.), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital and University of Malaga, and Department of Internal Medicine (M.R.B.-L.), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L..C.-A., J.A.T., M.R.B.-L., R.E.B., F.J.T.), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (S.F.-V.), Institute of Health Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.P.G.L.) and Unit of Innovation in Minimally Invasive Surgery (S.M.C.), Department of Surgery, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain; and University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII Institut d'Investigació (S.F.-V.), Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L.C.-A., J.A.T., R.E.B., F.J.T.), Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Hospital Complex of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Malaga, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (A.L.G.), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital and University of Malaga, and Department of Internal Medicine (M.R.B.-L.), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L..C.-A., J.A.T., M.R.B.-L., R.E.B., F.J.T.), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (S.F.-V.), Institute of Health Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.P.G.L.) and Unit of Innovation in Minimally Invasive Surgery (S.M.C.), Department of Surgery, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain; and University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII Institut d'Investigació (S.F.-V.), Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L.C.-A., J.A.T., R.E.B., F.J.T.), Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Hospital Complex of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Malaga, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (A.L.G.), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital and University of Malaga, and Department of Internal Medicine (M.R.B.-L.), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L..C.-A., J.A.T., M.R.B.-L., R.E.B., F.J.T.), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (S.F.-V.), Institute of Health Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.P.G.L.) and Unit of Innovation in Minimally Invasive Surgery (S.M.C.), Department of Surgery, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain; and University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII Institut d'Investigació (S.F.-V.), Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisco José Tinahones
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L.C.-A., J.A.T., R.E.B., F.J.T.), Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Hospital Complex of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Malaga, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology (A.L.G.), Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital and University of Malaga, and Department of Internal Medicine (M.R.B.-L.), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (W.O.-O., S.L., L..C.-A., J.A.T., M.R.B.-L., R.E.B., F.J.T.), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (S.F.-V.), Institute of Health Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.P.G.L.) and Unit of Innovation in Minimally Invasive Surgery (S.M.C.), Department of Surgery, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain; and University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII Institut d'Investigació (S.F.-V.), Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
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García-Fuentes E, Santiago-Fernández C, Gutiérrez-Repiso C, Mayas MD, Oliva-Olivera W, Coín-Aragüez L, Alcaide J, Ocaña-Wilhelmi L, Vendrell J, Tinahones FJ, Garrido-Sánchez L. Hypoxia is associated with a lower expression of genes involved in lipogenesis in visceral adipose tissue. J Transl Med 2015; 13:373. [PMID: 26619907 PMCID: PMC4663723 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A key role for HIF-1α in the promotion and maintenance of dietary obesity has been proposed. We analyzed the association between hypoxia and de novo lipogenesis in human adipose tissue. Methods We studied HIF-1α mRNA and protein expression in fasting status in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from non-obese and morbidly obese subjects, and in VAT from wild-type and ob/ob C57BL6J mice in both fasting and feeding status. We also analyzed the effect of hypoxia on the VAT mRNA expression of genes involved in lipogenesis. Results HIF-1α was increased in VAT from morbidly obese subjects. In fasting status, C57BL6J ob/ob mice had a higher VAT HIF-1α mRNA expression than C57BL6J wild-type mice. In feeding status, VAT HIF-1α mRNA expression significantly increased in C57BL6J wild-type, but not in C57BL6J ob/ob mice. In humans, HIF-1α mRNA expression correlated positively with body mass index and insulin resistance. VAT HIF-1α mRNA expression correlated negatively with ACC1, PDHB and SIRT3 mRNA expression, and positively with PPAR-γ. VAT explants incubated in hypoxia showed reduced SIRT3 and increased PPAR-γ, SREBP-1c, ACLY, ACC1 and FASN mRNA expression. Conclusions Morbidly obese subjects have a higher level of VAT HIF-1α. Postprandial status is associated with an increase in HIF-1α mRNA expression in C57BL6J wild-type mice. Hypoxia alters the mRNA expression of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis in human VAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo García-Fuentes
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), Regional University Hospital, Malaga, Spain. .,CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, Malaga, Spain. .,Laboratorio de Investigación, Hospital Civil, Plaza del Hospital Civil s/n, 29009, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Concepción Santiago-Fernández
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Malaga, Spain.
| | - Carolina Gutiérrez-Repiso
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), Regional University Hospital, Malaga, Spain.
| | - María D Mayas
- Department of Physiology, University of Jaen, Jaén, Spain.
| | - Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, Malaga, Spain. .,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Malaga, Spain.
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, Malaga, Spain. .,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Malaga, Spain.
| | - Juan Alcaide
- CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, Malaga, Spain. .,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Malaga, Spain.
| | - Luis Ocaña-Wilhelmi
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Malaga, Spain.
| | - Joan Vendrell
- CIBERDEM, Institute of Health Carlos III, Tarragona, Spain. .,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Pere Virgili Institute, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, Malaga, Spain. .,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Malaga, Spain.
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez
- CIBEROBN, Institute of Health Carlos III, Malaga, Spain. .,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Malaga, Spain.
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Tinahones FJ, Coín-Aragüez L, Mayas MD, Garcia-Fuentes E, Hurtado-Del-Pozo C, Vendrell J, Cardona F, Calvo RM, Obregon MJ, El Bekay R. Obesity-associated insulin resistance is correlated to adipose tissue vascular endothelial growth factors and metalloproteinase levels. BMC Physiol 2012; 12:4. [PMID: 22471305 PMCID: PMC3382430 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6793-12-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The expansion of adipose tissue is linked to the development of its vasculature, which appears to have the potential to regulate the onset of obesity. However, at present, there are no studies highlighting the relationship between human adipose tissue angiogenesis and obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR). Results Our aim was to analyze and compare angiogenic factor expression levels in both subcutaneous (SC) and omentum (OM) adipose tissues from morbidly obese patients (n = 26) with low (OB/L-IR) (healthy obese) and high (OB/H-IR) degrees of IR, and lean controls (n = 17). Another objective was to examine angiogenic factor correlations with obesity and IR. Here we found that VEGF-A was the isoform with higher expression in both OM and SC adipose tissues, and was up-regulated 3-fold, together with MMP9 in OB/L-IR as compared to leans. This up-regulation decreased by 23% in OB/-H-IR compared to OB/L-IR. On the contrary, VEGF-B, VEGF-C and VEGF-D, together with MMP15 was down-regulated in both OB/H-IR and OB/L-IR compared to lean patients. Moreover, MMP9 correlated positively and VEGF-C, VEGF-D and MMP15 correlated negatively with HOMA-IR, in both SC and OM. Conclusion We hereby propose that the alteration in MMP15, VEGF-B, VEGF-C and VEGF-D gene expression may be caused by one of the relevant adipose tissue processes related to the development of IR, and the up-regulation of VEGF-A in adipose tissue could have a relationship with the prevention of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco José Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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