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Moving beyond the Tip of the Iceberg: DJ-1 Implications in Cancer Metabolism. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091432. [PMID: 35563738 PMCID: PMC9103122 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DJ-1, also called Parkinson’s protein 7 (PARK7), is ubiquitously expressed and plays multiple actions in different physiological and, especially, pathophysiological processes, as evidenced by its identification in neurodegenerative diseases and its high expression in different types of cancer. To date, the exact activity of DJ-1 in carcinogenesis has not been fully elucidated, however several recent studies disclosed its involvement in regulating fundamental pathways involved in cancer onset, development, and metastatization. At this purpose, we have dissected the role of DJ-1 in maintaining the transformed phenotype, survival, drug resistance, metastasis formation, and differentiation in cancer cells. Moreover, we have discussed the role of DJ-1 in controlling the redox status in cancer cells, along with the ability to attenuate reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent cell death, as well as to mediate ferropotosis. Finally, a mention to the development of therapeutic strategies targeting DJ-1 has been done. We have reported the most recent studies, aiming to shed light on the role played by DJ-1 in different cancer aspects and create the foundation for moving beyond the tip of the iceberg.
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Iqbal H, Menaa F, Khan NU, Razzaq A, Khan ZU, Ullah K, Kamal R, Sohail M, Thiripuranathar G, Uzair B, Rana NF, Khan BA, Menaa B. Two Promising Anti-Cancer Compounds, 2-Hydroxycinnaldehyde and 2-Benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde: Where do we stand? Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 25:808-818. [PMID: 33593253 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210216094428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Natural bioactive compounds with anti-carcinogenic activity are gaining tremendous interest in the field of oncology. Cinnamon, an aromatic condiment commonly used in tropical regions, appeared incredibly promising as adjuvant for cancer therapy. Indeed, its whole or active parts (e.g., bark, leaf) exhibited significant anti-carcinogenic activity, which is mainly due to two cinnamaldehyde derivatives, namely 2-hydroxycinnaldehyde (HCA) and 2-benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde (BCA). In addition to their anti-cancer activity, HCA and BCA exert immunomodulatory, anti-platelets, and anti-inflammatory activities. Highly reactive α,ß-unsaturated carbonyl pharmacophore, called Michael acceptor, contribute to their therapeutic effects. The molecular mechanisms, underlying their anti-tumoral and anti-metastatic effects are miscellaneous, strongly suggesting that these compounds are multi-targeting compounds. Nevertheless, unravelling the exact molecular mechanisms of HCA and BCA remain a challenging matter which is necessary for optimal controlled-drug targeting delivery, safety, and efficiency. Eventually, their poor pharmacological properties (e.g., systemic bioavailability and solubility) represent a limitation, and depend both on their administration route (e.g., per os, intravenously) and the nature of the formulation (e.g., free, smart nano-). This concise review focused on the potential of HCA and BCA as adjuvants in Cancer. We described their medicinal effects as well as provide an update about their molecular mechanisms reported either in-vitro, ex-vivo, or in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Iqbal
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou. China
| | - Farid Menaa
- Department of Oncology, California Innovations Corp., San Diego, CA. United States
| | - Naveed Ullah Khan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou. China
| | - Anam Razzaq
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou. China
| | | | - Kifayat Ullah
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou. China
| | - Robia Kamal
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou. China
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai. China
| | - Gobika Thiripuranathar
- Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, College of Chemical Sciences, Welikada, Rajagiriya. Sri Lanka
| | - Bushra Uzair
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Islamic International University, Islamabad. Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Fatima Rana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad. Pakistan
| | - Barkat Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan. Pakistan
| | - Bouzid Menaa
- Department of Oncology, California Innovations Corp., San Diego, CA. United States
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Cao J, Chen X, Jiang L, Lu B, Yuan M, Zhu D, Zhu H, He Q, Yang B, Ying M. DJ-1 suppresses ferroptosis through preserving the activity of S-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1251. [PMID: 32144268 PMCID: PMC7060199 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly characterized form of regulated cell death mediated by iron-dependent accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species and holds great potential for cancer therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis remain largely elusive. In this study, we define an integrative role of DJ-1 in ferroptosis. Inhibition of DJ-1 potently enhances the sensitivity of tumor cells to ferroptosis inducers both in vitro and in vivo. Metabolic analysis and metabolite rescue assay reveal that DJ-1 depletion inhibits the transsulfuration pathway by disrupting the formation of the S-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase tetramer and impairing its activity. Consequently, more ferroptosis is induced when homocysteine generation is decreased, which might be the only source of glutathione biosynthesis when cystine uptake is blocked. Thus, our findings show that DJ-1 determines the response of cancer cells to ferroptosis, and highlight a candidate therapeutic target to potentially improve the effect of ferroptosis-based antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cao
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Difeng Zhu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meidan Ying
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Bahmed K, Lin CR, Simborio H, Karim L, Aksoy M, Kelsen S, Tomar D, Madesh M, Elrod J, Messier E, Mason R, Unterwald EM, Eisenstein TK, Criner GJ, Kosmider B. The role of DJ-1 in human primary alveolar type II cell injury induced by e-cigarette aerosol. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L475-L485. [PMID: 31313616 PMCID: PMC6842910 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00567.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The alveolus participates in gas exchange, which can be impaired by environmental factors and toxins. There is an increase in using electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes); however, their effect on human primary alveolar epithelial cells is unknown. Human lungs were obtained from nonsmoker organ donors to isolate alveolar type II (ATII) cells. ATII cells produce and secrete pulmonary surfactant and restore the epithelium after damage, and mitochondrial function is important for their metabolism. Our data indicate that human ATII cell exposure to e-cigarette aerosol increased IL-8 levels and induced DNA damage and apoptosis. We also studied the cytoprotective effect of DJ-1 against ATII cell injury. DJ-1 knockdown in human primary ATII cells sensitized cells to mitochondrial dysfunction as detected by high mitochondrial superoxide production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and calcium elevation. DJ-1 knockout (KO) mice were more susceptible to ATII cell apoptosis and lung injury induced by e-cigarette aerosol compared with wild-type mice. Regulation of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is important for mitochondrial function and protection against oxidative stress. Major subunits of the OXPHOS system are encoded by both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. We found dysregulation of OXPHOS complexes in DJ-1 KO mice after exposure to e-cigarette aerosol, which could disrupt the nuclear/mitochondrial stoichiometry, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. Together, our results indicate that DJ-1 deficiency sensitizes ATII cells to damage induced by e-cigarette aerosol leading to lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Bahmed
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chih-Ru Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hannah Simborio
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Loukmane Karim
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark Aksoy
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Steven Kelsen
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John Elrod
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elise Messier
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Robert Mason
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Ellen M Unterwald
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Toby K Eisenstein
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gerard J Criner
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Beata Kosmider
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- Department of Physiology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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5
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DJ-1 Alters Epirubicin-induced Apoptosis via Modulating Epirubicinactivated Autophagy in Human Gastric Cancer Cells. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:1018-1024. [PMID: 30536064 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1978-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epirubicin, which is a conventional chemotherapeutic drug for gastric cancer, has innate and adaptive chemoresistance. Recent studies revealed that epirubicin could induce autophagy as a defensive mechanism in drug resistance of mammary carcinoma. Another study implied that DJ-1 may be a chemoresistance-related gene. But the association between DJ-1 and drug resistance of epirubicin in gastric cancer is still ambiguous. In the present report, we explored whether and how DJ-1 conduced to epirubicin-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer. Epirubicin dose-dependently increased the expression of DJ-1 and induced autophagy. Knockdown of DJ-1 notably enhanced epirubicin-induced cell apoptosis, whereas overexpression of DJ-1 attenuated epirubicin-induced cell apoptosis. Further studies revealed that down-regulation of DJ-1 modulated epirubicinactivated autophagy which augmented epirubicin-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, our results validated that DJ-1 reduced epirubicin-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells via modulating epirubicin-activated autophagy.
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Tashiro S, Caaveiro JMM, Nakakido M, Tanabe A, Nagatoishi S, Tamura Y, Matsuda N, Liu D, Hoang QQ, Tsumoto K. Discovery and Optimization of Inhibitors of the Parkinson's Disease Associated Protein DJ-1. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:2783-2793. [PMID: 30063823 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
DJ-1 is a Parkinson's disease associated protein endowed with enzymatic, redox sensing, regulatory, chaperoning, and neuroprotective activities. Although DJ-1 has been vigorously studied for the past decade and a half, its exact role in the progression of the disease remains uncertain. In addition, little is known about the spatiotemporal regulation of DJ-1, or the biochemical basis explaining its numerous biological functions. Progress has been hampered by the lack of inhibitors with precisely known mechanisms of action. Herein, we have employed biophysical methodologies and X-ray crystallography to identify and to optimize a family of compounds inactivating the critical Cys106 residue of human DJ-1. We demonstrate these compounds are potent inhibitors of various activities of DJ-1 in vitro and in cell-based assays. This study reports a new family of DJ-1 inhibitors with a defined mechanism of action, and contributes toward the understanding of the biological function of DJ-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Tashiro
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Jose M. M. Caaveiro
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Laboratory of Global Healthcare, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakakido
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Aki Tanabe
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Satoru Nagatoishi
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yasushi Tamura
- Department of Material and Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Matsuda
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Dali Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | | | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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DJ-1 as a Therapeutic Target Against Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1037:203-222. [PMID: 29147911 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6583-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
DJ-1 is a gene involved in various cellular processes, including transcriptional regulation, oxidative stress response, fertilization, mitochondrial regulation, inflammatory and fibrogenic niche formation, and glycation damage prevention. Although a disease-associated genetic study within the past decade has demonstrated that the mutation of DJ-1 is associated with autosomal early-onset Parkinson's disease, increasing evidence suggests that DJ-1 also plays a critical role in tumor development and progression. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge concerning the role and the mechanism of DJ-1 in cancer and also discuss the possibility of DJ-1 as a therapeutic target against cancer.
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Raninga PV, Di Trapani G, Tonissen KF. The Multifaceted Roles of DJ-1 as an Antioxidant. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1037:67-87. [PMID: 29147904 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6583-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The DJ-1 protein was originally linked with Parkinson's disease and is now known to have antioxidant functions. The protein has three redox-sensitive cysteine residues, which are involved in its dimerisation and functional properties. A mildly oxidised form of DJ-1 is the most active form and protects cells from oxidative stress conditions. DJ-1 functions as an antioxidant through a variety of mechanisms, including a weak direct antioxidant activity by scavenging reactive oxygen species. DJ-1 also regulates a number of signalling pathways, including the inhibition of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)-induced apoptosis under oxidative stress conditions. Other proteins regulated by DJ-1 include enzymes, chaperones, the 20S proteasome and transcription factors, including Nrf2. Once activated by oxidative stress, Nrf2 upregulates antioxidant gene expression including members of the thioredoxin and glutathione pathways, which in turn mediate an antioxidant protective function. Crosstalk between DJ-1 and both the thioredoxin and glutathione systems has also been identified. Thioredoxin reduces a cysteine residue on DJ-1 to modulate its activity, while glutaredoxin1 de-glutathionylates DJ-1, preventing degradation of DJ-1 and resulting in its accumulation. DJ-1 also regulates the activity of glutamate cysteine ligase, which is the rate-limiting step for glutathione synthesis. These antioxidant functions of DJ-1 are key to its role in protecting neurons from oxidative stress and are hypothesised to protect the brain from the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and to protect cardiac tissues from ischaemic-reperfusion injury. However, DJ-1, as an antioxidant, also protects cancer cells from undergoing oxidative stress-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prahlad V Raninga
- School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.,Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Giovanna Di Trapani
- School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Kathryn F Tonissen
- School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia. .,Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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Han B, Wang J, Gao J, Feng S, Zhu Y, Li X, Xiao T, Qi J, Cui W. DJ-1 as a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis in lung cancer patients. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317714625. [PMID: 28653888 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317714625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DJ-1 is a novel oncogene that can transform NIH3T3 cells in cooperation with the activated ras gene. DJ-1 appears to have its greatest effect on tumourigenesis, and it may have a greater impact on early-stage lung cancers. In this study, we proposed to investigate the clinical value of DJ-1 protein in the early diagnosis of lung cancer and compared its diagnostic value with other biomarkers. Preoperative serum DJ-1 levels were measured in 300 lung cancer patients and compared with benign pulmonary disease (n = 44) and healthy volunteers (n = 64). Using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemical analyses, we compared the DJ-1 expression between the primary squamous cell carcinoma tumours and matched metastatic tissues from a lymph node. The baseline preoperative serum DJ-1 of lung cancer patients was significantly higher than that of benign diseases and healthy controls (p < 0.001). In the early-stage subgroup, the median DJ-1 concentration (ng/mL) was significantly higher than that of the advanced stage (12.90 vs 7.75, p < 0.05). Using immunohistochemistry, we observed that the DJ-1 staining intensity was generally weaker and less common in the metastatic tissues compared with that in the primary tumour (McNemar-Bowker Test, p = 0.008). DJ-1 was highly expressed in the early stage of lung cancer, and its expression was significantly decreased after metastasis. Therefore, DJ-1 may be a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis and monitoring of lung cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Han
- 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Gao
- 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shana Feng
- 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xuexiang Li
- 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- 3 State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Qi
- 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wei Cui
- 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
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Raninga PV, Di Trapani G, Vuckovic S, Tonissen KF. Targeted knockdown of DJ-1 induces multiple myeloma cell death via KLF6 upregulation. Apoptosis 2016; 21:1422-1437. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-016-1303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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11
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Hong SH, Ismail IA, Kang SM, Han DC, Kwon BM. Cinnamaldehydes in Cancer Chemotherapy. Phytother Res 2016; 30:754-67. [PMID: 26890810 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde-derived compounds are candidates for the development of anticancer drugs that have received extensive research attention. In this review, we summarize recent findings detailing the positive and negative aspects of cinnamaldehyde and its derivatives as potential anticancer drug candidates. Furthermore, we describe the in vivo pharmacokinetics and metabolism of cinnamaldehydes. The oxidative and antioxidative properties of cinnamaldehydes, which contribute to their potential in chemotherapy, have also been discussed. Moreover, the mechanism(s) by which cinnamaldehydes induce apoptosis in cancer cells have been explored. In addition, evidence of the regulatory effects of cinnamaldehydes on cancer cell invasion and metastasis has been described. Finally, the application of cinnamaldehydes in treating various types of cancer, including breast, prostate, and colon cancers, has been discussed in detail. The effects of cinnamaldehydes on leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, and oral cancer have been summarized briefly. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyung Hong
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 700-412, Korea
| | - Ismail Ahmed Ismail
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 700-412, Korea.,Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Sung-Min Kang
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 700-412, Korea
| | - Dong Cho Han
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology in Korea, 125 Gwahakro Yoosunggu, Daejeon, 305-806, Korea
| | - Byoung-Mog Kwon
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology in Korea, 125 Gwahakro Yoosunggu, Daejeon, 305-806, Korea
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12
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Hintsala HR, Soini Y, Haapasaari KM, Karihtala P. Dysregulation of redox-state-regulating enzymes in melanocytic skin tumours and the surrounding microenvironment. Histopathology 2015; 67:348-57. [PMID: 25627040 DOI: 10.1111/his.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate redox-regulating enzymes that may have a special role in melanoma pathogenesis due to continuous exposure to microenvironment-produced and ultraviolet radiation-induced oxidative stress. METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed immunohistochemically the expression of antioxidant enzymes peroxiredoxins (Prxs) I-IV, sulfiredoxin (Srx) and redox-regulated proto-oncogene DJ-1 in material consisting of 30 benign naevi, 14 lentigo malignas and 67 malignant melanomas. Evaluation of immunostaining was performed with special attention paid to protein expression in different tumour compartments. In particular, the expression patterns of nuclear Prx I and Prx II and cytoplasmic DJ-1 were decreased significantly in melanomas compared with dysplastic and benign naevi. In multivariate analysis, several prognostic factors were identified: Prx III expression in the cytoplasm of stromal fibroblasts was associated with shortened melanoma-specific survival [hazard ratio (HR) 6.730; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.579-28.689], while cytoplasmic Prx IV expression in endothelial cells (HR 6.563; 95% CI 1.750-24.620) and Srx expression in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes (HR 6.988; 95% CI 1.559-31.324) were associated with better prognosis independently of ulceration, thickness of melanoma or its diagnostic type. CONCLUSIONS Redox-regulating enzymes have the potential to serve as novel prognostic factors and targeting them may offer new therapeutic options in malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna-Riikka Hintsala
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- University of Oulu and Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ylermi Soini
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Peeter Karihtala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Vavougios GD, Solenov EI, Hatzoglou C, Baturina GS, Katkova LE, Molyvdas PA, Gourgoulianis KI, Zarogiannis SG. Computational genomic analysis of PARK7 interactome reveals high BBS1 gene expression as a prognostic factor favoring survival in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L677-86. [PMID: 26254420 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00051.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to assess the differential gene expression of Parkinson protein 7 (PARK7) interactome in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) using data mining techniques to identify novel candidate genes that may play a role in the pathogenicity of MPM. We constructed the PARK7 interactome using the ConsensusPathDB database. We then interrogated the Oncomine Cancer Microarray database using the Gordon Mesothelioma Study, for differential gene expression of the PARK7 interactome. In ConsensusPathDB, 38 protein interactors of PARK7 were identified. In the Gordon Mesothelioma Study, 34 of them were assessed out of which SUMO1, UBC3, KIAA0101, HDAC2, DAXX, RBBP4, BBS1, NONO, RBBP7, HTRA2, and STUB1 were significantly overexpressed whereas TRAF6 and MTA2 were significantly underexpressed in MPM patients (network 2). Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that MPM patients with high BBS1 expression had a median overall survival of 16.5 vs. 8.7 mo of those that had low expression. For validation purposes, we performed a meta-analysis in Oncomine database in five sarcoma datasets. Eight network 2 genes (KIAA0101, HDAC2, SUMO1, RBBP4, NONO, RBBP7, HTRA2, and MTA2) were significantly differentially expressed in an array of 18 different sarcoma types. Finally, Gene Ontology annotation enrichment analysis revealed significant roles of the PARK7 interactome in NuRD, CHD, and SWI/SNF protein complexes. In conclusion, we identified 13 novel genes differentially expressed in MPM, never reported before. Among them, BBS1 emerged as a novel predictor of overall survival in MPM. Finally, we identified that PARK7 interactome is involved in novel pathways pertinent in MPM disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios D Vavougios
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece
| | - Evgeniy I Solenov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia; and
| | - Chrissi Hatzoglou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece
| | - Galina S Baturina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Liubov E Katkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Paschalis Adam Molyvdas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Sotirios G Zarogiannis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece
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Pylväs-Eerola M, Karihtala P, Puistola U. Preoperative serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine is associated with chemoresistance and is a powerful prognostic factor in endometrioid-type epithelial ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:493. [PMID: 26134400 PMCID: PMC4489129 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1504-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is a widely seen phenomenon in several carcinomas. Increasing evidence also suggests that it has a significant role in the development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is one of the main indicators of oxidative stress and increased expression of 8-OHdG has previously been seen in EOC. DJ-1 is an oncoprotein connected to oxidative stress regulation, but its role in ovarian cancer is not well known. We investigated redox status in different histotypes of EOC by measuring serum 8-OHdG and DJ-1 concentrations and their associations with known prognostic factors. Methods Serum samples from newly diagnosed EOC patients were collected in 1996–2009 and stored at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital. Serum 8-OHdG and DJ-1 levels were measured by using commercially available ELISA kits. Clinical data was gathered retrospectively from the patients` files. Results were analyzed by using SPSS software. Results In total, 112 patient samples were analyzed (38 serous, 20 mucinous, 34 endometrioid and 20 clear-cell). High serum 8-OHdG levels were associated with poor overall survival (OS) (p = 0.019), poor disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.020), platinum resistance (p = 0.002), serous histology versus other (p = 0.033), stage III–IV versus I–II (p = 0.009) and suboptimal surgical outcome (p = 0.012). Regarding histotypes, in the endometrioid EOC group in particular, serum 8-OHdG levels were significantly associated with poor DFS (p = 0.005), suboptimal surgical outcome (p = 0.025), and platinum resistance (p = 0.007). The prognostic significance of 8-OHdG in patients with endometrioid cancer in terms of DFS was confirmed in Cox regression analysis. High DJ-1 levels were associated with high histological grade (p = 0.029) and nonsignificantly associated with serous histology vs. other histology (p = 0.089). Conclusions An elevated serum 8-OHdG level is a significant predictor of poor prognosis, especially in cases of the endometrioid subtype of ovarian carcinoma. High 8-OHdG levels are associated with all traditional factors of poor prognosis in ovarian cancer and they also predict earlier development of platinum resistance. These results could be valuable when deciding the primary treatment mode for EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjo Pylväs-Eerola
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Peeter Karihtala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 22, FIN-90029, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Ulla Puistola
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
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Ismail IA, Abdel shakor AB, Hong SH. DJ-1 Protects Breast Cancer Cells Against 2′-Benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde-induced Oxidative Stress Independent of Nrf2. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2262-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Ahmed Ismail
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Taibah University; Al Madinah Al Munawarah Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science; Assiut University; Assiut Egypt
| | - Abo bakr Abdel shakor
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science; Assiut University; Assiut Egypt
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; King Khalid University; Abha Saudi Arabia
| | - Su-Hyung Hong
- Department of Oral Microbiology; School of Dentistry; Kyungpook National University; Daegu South Korea
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Cao J, Lou S, Ying M, Yang B. DJ-1 as a human oncogene and potential therapeutic target. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 93:241-50. [PMID: 25498803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
DJ-1 is a cancer- and Parkinson's disease-associated protein that participates in different intracellular signaling pathways to protect cells from toxic stresses. DJ-1 expression, oxidation, localization, and phosphorylation are often altered in human tumors, and DJ-1 has been implicated in various aspects of transformation, including uncontrolled proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy and apoptosis. Despite the strong relationship between DJ-1 and cancer, which made it a particularly attractive therapeutic target for cancer treatment, the detailed mechanisms of how this oncogene coordinates altered signaling with cell survival remains elusive. In this commentary, we discuss the role of DJ-1 in transformation, highlight some of the significant aspects of and prospects for therapeutically targeting the DJ-1 signaling in cancer, and describe what the future may hold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cao
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Siyue Lou
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meidan Ying
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Wani KD, Kadu BS, Mansara P, Gupta P, Deore AV, Chikate RC, Poddar P, Dhole SD, Kaul-Ghanekar R. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro study of biocompatible cinnamaldehyde functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (CPGF Nps) for hyperthermia and drug delivery applications in breast cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107315. [PMID: 25268975 PMCID: PMC4182032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamaldehyde, the bioactive component of the spice cinnamon, and its derivatives have been shown to possess anti-cancer activity against various cancer cell lines. However, its hydrophobic nature invites attention for efficient drug delivery systems that would enhance the bioavailability of cinnamaldehyde without affecting its bioactivity. Here, we report the synthesis of stable aqueous suspension of cinnamaldehyde tagged Fe3O4 nanoparticles capped with glycine and pluronic polymer (CPGF NPs) for their potential application in drug delivery and hyperthermia in breast cancer. The monodispersed superparamagnetic NPs had an average particulate size of ∼ 20 nm. TGA data revealed the drug payload of ∼ 18%. Compared to the free cinnamaldehyde, CPGF NPs reduced the viability of breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 and MDAMB231, at lower doses of cinnamaldehyde suggesting its increased bioavailability and in turn its therapeutic efficacy in the cells. Interestingly, the NPs were non-toxic to the non-cancerous HEK293 and MCF10A cell lines compared to the free cinnamaldehyde. The novelty of CPGF nanoparticulate system was that it could induce cytotoxicity in both ER/PR positive/Her2 negative (MCF7) and ER/PR negative/Her2 negative (MDAMB231) breast cancer cells, the latter being insensitive to most of the chemotherapeutic drugs. The NPs decreased the growth of the breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner and altered their migration through reduction in MMP-2 expression. CPGF NPs also decreased the expression of VEGF, an important oncomarker of tumor angiogenesis. They induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells through loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase-3. Interestingly, upon exposure to the radiofrequency waves, the NPs heated up to 41.6 °C within 1 min, suggesting their promise as a magnetic hyperthermia agent. All these findings indicate that CPGF NPs prove to be potential nano-chemotherapeutic agents in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirtee D. Wani
- Cell and Translational Research Laboratory, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Campus, Dhankawadi, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Brijesh S. Kadu
- Nanoscience Group, Department of Chemistry, Post-graduate and Research Center, MES Abasaheb Garware College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prakash Mansara
- Cell and Translational Research Laboratory, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Campus, Dhankawadi, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Avinash V. Deore
- Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajeev C. Chikate
- Nanoscience Group, Department of Chemistry, Post-graduate and Research Center, MES Abasaheb Garware College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pankaj Poddar
- Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay D. Dhole
- Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ruchika Kaul-Ghanekar
- Cell and Translational Research Laboratory, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Campus, Dhankawadi, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- * E-mail:
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DJ-1 upregulates breast cancer cell invasion by repressing KLF17 expression. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1298-306. [PMID: 24504364 PMCID: PMC3950878 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DJ-1 (PARK7) was reported as an oncogene in a Ras-dependent manner. Recent studies have shown that DJ-1 stimulates cell proliferation, cell invasion, and cancer metastasis. However, the molecular mehchanism by which DJ-1 induces cancer cell invasion and metastasis remains unclear. METHODS Breast cancer cells were transfected with DJ-1 siRNA or DJ-1 overexpression to investigate the effect of DJ-1 on KLF17 expression. ID-1 luciferase promoter assay was performed to evaluate DJ-1-dependent KLF17 expression changes. In addition, Epistasis analysis of DJ-1 and KLF17 was performed to evaluate their regulatory interactions. Ras inhibitors were pretreated to determine whether DJ-1 regulates cell invasion in a Ras-dependent manner. RESULTS I n the present study, we found increased DJ-1 expression in highly invasive breast cancer cells as compared with non-metastatic cells. Furthermore, DJ-1 promoted breast cancer cell invasion by downregulating E-cadherin and increasing Snail expression. Interestingly, exogenous DJ-1 overexpression markedly decreased mRNA and protein expression of KLF17, the EMT negative regulator. These data were confirmed by ID-1 promoter activity, which is directly regulated by DJ-1-dependent KLF17 transcription factor. Epistasis analysis showed that KLF17 overexpression overcomes increased cell invasion by DJ-1, suggesting that KLF17 might be one of the downstream signalling molecules of DJ-1. Acceleration of cell invasion by DJ-1 was alleviated by Ras inhibitors, suggesting that DJ-1 cooperates with Ras to increase cell invasion. CONCLUSION Altogether, these data suggest for the first time that DJ-1 acts as an EMT-positive regulator in breast cancer cells via regulation of the KLF17/ID-1 pathway.
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Song DX, Zheng LW, Shen SM, Chen XM. Cytotoxicity of ammonium hexafluorosilicate on human gingival fibroblasts. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:2149-55. [PMID: 24055547 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium hexafluorosilicate (SiF), which is claimed to significantly improve occlusion of dentinal tubules, was proposed as a novel desensitizer for dentine hypersensitivity (DH). However, the cytotoxicity of SiF on oral cells is lacking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of SiF on human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) under different dosages (0.001%, 0.01%, 0.1%, and 1%) and treatment durations (1, 5, 10, and 30min). Cell proliferation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cell cycle were tested by MTT assay, JC-1 staining and flow cytometry, respectively. Glutathione (GSH) depletion was analyzed to further investigate the underlying mechanism of SiF-induced cytotoxicity. MTT assay showed that there was significantly lower number of viable cells when the hGFs were treated with 0.01% (10min), 0.1% (10 and 30min) and 1% (5, 10, and 30min) SiF than the control group (p<0.05). MMP decreased and GSH depletion increased dramatically along with higher concentrations (0.1% and 1% SiF) and prolonged times (10 and 30min). DNA synthesis [S (%)] of cells treated with 0.1% and 1% SiF (5, 10, and 30min) was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). Our results indicate exposure to up to 0.01% SiF for less than 5min causes low or no cytotoxicity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- D X Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Liu YQ, Ji Y, Li XZ, Tian KL, Yf Young C, Lou HX, Yuan HQ. Retigeric acid B-induced mitophagy by oxidative stress attenuates cell death against prostate cancer cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:1183-91. [PMID: 23892275 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Retigeric acid B (RAB), a pentacyclic triterpenic acid from Lobaria kurokawae Yoshim, has been found to induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of mitochondrial damage-caused mitophagy in RAB-induced prostate cancer cell death in vitro. METHODS Human prostate cancer PC3 and LNCaP cells were tested. Cell viability was analyzed with MTT assay. Cell apoptosis, ROS level and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (mtΔψ) were measured with flow cytometry. Autophagy- and apoptosis-related proteins were studied using Western blotting. GFP-LC3B puncta, mitochondrial swelling and mitophagy were examined morphologically. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure LC3B mRNA level, and siRNA was used to knock down LC3BII. RESULTS In both PC3 and LNCaP cells, RAB (15 μmol/L) increased ROS accumulation and decreased mtΔψ in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, RAB induced mitochondrial swelling and mitophagy, significantly increased LC3B expression and conversion of LC3BI to LC3BII, and the elimination of mitochondria by LC3BII-containing autophagolysosomes. In addition, RAB suppressed the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation. Pretreatment of PC3 cells with autophagy inhibitor 3-MA (5 mmol/L) or the lysosomal protease inhibitor CQ (10 μmol/L) significantly increased RAB-induced apoptosis. Similar results were obtained in RAB-treated PC3 cells with LC3B knocked down. CONCLUSION RAB induces mitochondrial damage and mitophagy that attenuates RAB-induced prostate cancer cell death. Thus, suppression of mitophagy might be a potential strategy for improving the chemotherapeutic effects of RAB.
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DJ-1 protein expression as a predictor of pathological complete remission after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2013; 139:51-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-013-2523-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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