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Murgiano L, Niggel JK, Benedicenti L, Cortellari M, Bionda A, Crepaldi P, Liotta L, Aguirre GK, Beltran WA, Aguirre GD. Frameshift Variant in AMPD2 in Cirneco dell'Etna Dogs with Retinopathy and Tremors. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:238. [PMID: 38397227 PMCID: PMC10887799 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
While the manifestations of many inherited retinal disorders are limited to loss of vision, others are part of a syndrome that affects multiple tissues, particularly the nervous system. Most syndromic retinal disorders are thought to be recessively inherited. Two dogs out of a litter of Cirneco dell' Etna dogs, both males, showed signs of retinal degeneration, along with tremors and signs described as either atypical seizures or paroxysmal dyskinesias, while the other two male littermates were normal. We named this oculo-neurological syndrome CONS (Cirneco oculo-neurological syndrome), and undertook homozygosity mapping and whole-genome sequencing to determine its potential genetic etiology. Notably, we detected a 1-bp deletion in chromosome 6 that was predicted to cause a frameshift and premature stop codon within the canine AMPD2 gene, which encodes adenosine monophosphate deaminase, an enzyme that converts adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) to inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP). Genotyping of the available Cirneco population suggested perfect segregation between cases and controls for the variant. Moreover, this variant was absent in canine genomic databases comprised of thousands of unaffected dogs. The AMPD2 genetic variant we identified in dogs presents with retinal manifestations, adding to the spectrum of neurological manifestations associated with AMPD2 variants in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Murgiano
- Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.K.N.); (W.A.B.); (G.D.A.)
- Sylvia M. Van Sloun Laboratory for Canine Genomic Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jessica K. Niggel
- Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.K.N.); (W.A.B.); (G.D.A.)
- Sylvia M. Van Sloun Laboratory for Canine Genomic Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Leontine Benedicenti
- Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Matteo Cortellari
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Territory, Agroenergy, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (A.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Arianna Bionda
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Territory, Agroenergy, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (A.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Paola Crepaldi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Territory, Agroenergy, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (A.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Geoffrey K. Aguirre
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - William A. Beltran
- Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.K.N.); (W.A.B.); (G.D.A.)
| | - Gustavo D. Aguirre
- Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.K.N.); (W.A.B.); (G.D.A.)
- Sylvia M. Van Sloun Laboratory for Canine Genomic Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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李 昱, 阚 璇. Recent research on inherited metabolic diseases in children. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2022; 24:326-331. [PMID: 35351266 PMCID: PMC8974646 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2111010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the improvement in the research level and the diagnosis and treatment technology of inherited metabolic diseases (IMD), the research on pediatric IMD in China has made great progress, but there is still some distance from the international level. Due to the vast territory of China and the uneven distribution of medical resources, the regional characteristics of IMD remain unclear in China, and there are many problems and difficulties in early diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the understanding of pediatric IMD among pediatricians, so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment level, achieve an early identification, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric IMD, and effectively reduce the fatality and disability rates of children with IMD. This article reviews the research progress of IMD in children in China, and analyzes the features of representative IMDs. Citation:Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2022, 24(3): 326-331.
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Behl T, Sehgal A, Grover M, Singh S, Sharma N, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Aleya L, Bungau S. Uncurtaining the pivotal role of ABC transporters in diabetes mellitus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:41533-41551. [PMID: 34085197 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic disorders are the edge points for the initiation of various diseases. These disorders comprised of several diseases including diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular complications. Worldwide, the prevalence of these disorders is increasing day by day. The world's population is at higher threat of developing metabolic disease, especially diabetes. Therefore, there is an impregnable necessity of searching for a newer therapeutic target to reduce the burden of these disorders. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is marked with the dysregulated insulin secretion and resistance. The lipid and glucose transporters portray a pivotal role in the metabolism and transport of both of these. The excess production of lipid and glucose and decreased clearance of these leads to the emergence of DM. The ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCT) are important for the metabolism of glucose and lipid. Various studies suggest the key involvement of ABCT in the pathologic process of different diseases. In addition, the involvement of other pathways, including IGF signaling, P13-Akt/PKC/MAPK signaling, and GLP-1 via regulation of ABCT, may help develop new treatment strategies to cope with insulin resistance dysregulated glucose metabolism, key features in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Madhuri Grover
- BS Anangpuria Institute of Pharmacy, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Tatour Y, Ben-Yosef T. Syndromic Inherited Retinal Diseases: Genetic, Clinical and Diagnostic Aspects. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10100779. [PMID: 33023209 PMCID: PMC7600643 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), which are among the most common genetic diseases in humans, define a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders. Over 80 forms of syndromic IRDs have been described. Approximately 200 genes are associated with these syndromes. The majority of syndromic IRDs are recessively inherited and rare. Many, although not all, syndromic IRDs can be classified into one of two major disease groups: inborn errors of metabolism and ciliopathies. Besides the retina, the systems and organs most commonly involved in syndromic IRDs are the central nervous system, ophthalmic extra-retinal tissues, ear, skeleton, kidney and the cardiovascular system. Due to the high degree of phenotypic variability and phenotypic overlap found in syndromic IRDs, correct diagnosis based on phenotypic features alone may be challenging and sometimes misleading. Therefore, genetic testing has become the benchmark for the diagnosis and management of patients with these conditions, as it complements the clinical findings and facilitates an accurate clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Peroxisomal Cofactor Transport. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10081174. [PMID: 32806597 PMCID: PMC7463629 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are eukaryotic organelles that are essential for growth and development. They are highly metabolically active and house many biochemical reactions, including lipid metabolism and synthesis of signaling molecules. Most of these metabolic pathways are shared with other compartments, such as Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, and plastids. Peroxisomes, in common with all other cellular organelles are dependent on a wide range of cofactors, such as adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), Coenzyme A (CoA), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The availability of the peroxisomal cofactor pool controls peroxisome function. The levels of these cofactors available for peroxisomal metabolism is determined by the balance between synthesis, import, export, binding, and degradation. Since the final steps of cofactor synthesis are thought to be located in the cytosol, cofactors must be imported into peroxisomes. This review gives an overview about our current knowledge of the permeability of the peroxisomal membrane with the focus on ATP, CoA, and NAD. Several members of the mitochondrial carrier family are located in peroxisomes, catalyzing the transfer of these organic cofactors across the peroxisomal membrane. Most of the functions of these peroxisomal cofactor transporters are known from studies in yeast, humans, and plants. Parallels and differences between the transporters in the different organisms are discussed here.
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Beyene HB, Hamley S, Giles C, Huynh K, Smith A, Cinel M, Mellet NA, Morales-Scholz MG, Kloosterman D, Howlett KF, Kowalski GM, Shaw CS, Magliano DJ, Bruce CR, Meikle PJ. Mapping the Associations of the Plasma Lipidome With Insulin Resistance and Response to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5722002. [PMID: 32016362 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Insulin resistance (IR) remains a global health challenge. Lipidomics offers an opportunity to identify biomarkers and better understand mechanisms of IR associated with abnormal lipid metabolism. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to determine plasma lipid species associated with indices of IR and evaluate the lipidome response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). DESIGN AND SETTING This study was community based and cross-sectional. PARTICIPANTS AND SAMPLE Plasma samples (collected at 0 and 120 min during an OGTT) from nonobese, young adults age 18 to 34 years (n = 246) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The associations between indices of IR and lipid classes and species (with a sex interaction term), or changes in lipid levels during an OGTT, were tested using linear models (adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides). RESULTS Some (213) and (199) lipid species were associated with the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and insulin area under curve (AUC), respectively. Alkylphosphatidylcholine (10), alkenylphosphatidylcholine (23), and alkylphosphatidylethanolamine (6) species were associated with insulin AUC in men only. Species of phosphatidylcholine (7) and sphingomyelin (5) were associated in women only. In response to an OGTT, a perturbation in the plasma lipidome, particularly in acylcarnitine species, was observed; and the changes in many lipid species were associated with insulin AUC. CONCLUSIONS The plasma lipidome and changes in lipid levels during an OGTT were associated with indices of IR. These findings underlie the involvement of molecular lipid species in the pathogenesis of IR and possibly crosstalk between IR and sex-specific regulation of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu B Beyene
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven Hamley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Corey Giles
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevin Huynh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexander Smith
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle Cinel
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie A Mellet
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria G Morales-Scholz
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danielle Kloosterman
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kirsten F Howlett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Greg M Kowalski
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher S Shaw
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dianna J Magliano
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clinton R Bruce
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Staying in Healthy Contact: How Peroxisomes Interact with Other Cell Organelles. Trends Mol Med 2019; 26:201-214. [PMID: 31727543 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes share extensive metabolic connections with other cell organelles. Membrane contact sites (MCSs) establish and maintain such interactions, and they are vital for organelle positioning and motility. In the past few years peroxisome interactions and MCSs with other cellular organelles have been explored extensively, resulting in the identification of new MCSs, the tethering molecules involved, and their functional characterization. Defective tethering and compartmental communication can lead to pathological conditions that can be termed 'organelle interaction diseases'. We review peroxisome-organelle interactions in mammals and summarize the most recent knowledge of mammalian peroxisomal organelle contacts in health and disease.
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