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Zhang H, Song Q, Yu G, Cao Z, Qiang X, Liu X, Deng Y. Phthalimide-(N-alkylbenzylamine) cysteamide hybrids as multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:493-500. [PMID: 34143938 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The complex pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) calls for multi-target approach for disease treatment. Herein, based on the MTDLs strategy, a series of phthalimide-(N-alkylbenzylamine) cysteamide hybrids were designed, synthesized, and investigated in vitro for the purpose. Most of the target compounds were found to be potential multi-target agents. In vitro results showed that compound 9e was the representative compound in this series, endowed with high EeAChE and HuAChE inhibitory potency (IC50 = 1.55 µm and 2.23 µm, respectively), good inhibitory activity against self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation (36.08% at 25 µm), and moderate antioxidant capacity (ORAC-FL value was 0.68 Trolox equivalents). Molecular docking studies rationalized the binding mode of 9e in both PAS and CAS of AChE. Moreover, 9e displayed excellent ability to against H2 O2 -induced PC12 cell injury and penetrate BBB. Overall, these results highlighted that compound 9e was an effective and promising multi-target agent for further anti-AD drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangjun Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongcheng Cao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoming Qiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuxiu Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Deng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Al-Omran F, El-Khair AA. 2-(3-Arylhydrazono-3-Formyl-2-Oxopropyl)-1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-Dione in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Novel Derivatives of Pyridazin-6(1H)-One, Pyridazin-6(1H)-Imine, and Pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]Triazine Incorporating an N-(2-Oxoethyl)Phthalimide Moiety. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/030823406776331223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of 2-(3-arylhydrazono-3-formyl-2-oxopropyl)-1 H-isoindole-1,3-(2 H)-diones has been prepared and their utility as building blocks in the synthesis of novel derivatives of pyridazin-6(1 H)-ones, pyridazin-6(1 H)-imines, and pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazines incorporating a N-(2-oxoethyl)phthalimide moiety is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Al-Omran
- Chemistry Department, Kuwait University, Faculty of Science, PO Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
| | - Adel A. El-Khair
- Chemistry Department, Kuwait University, Faculty of Science, PO Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
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3
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El-Malah A, Gedawy EM, Kassab AE, Salam RMA. Novel tacrine analogs as potential cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2013; 347:96-103. [PMID: 24343873 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201300121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The increase in ACh levels ameliorates the symptoms of the disease. Tacrine is the first clinically approved drug as AChEI used in the treatment of AD. In this paper, we synthesized new tacrine analogs to act on catalytic and peripheral sites of AChE. Their inhibitory activity was evaluated. All novel compounds except 7a showed promising results toward AChE. Two compounds, 10b and 11b, are more potent than tacrine. Furthermore, molecular-modeling studies were performed for these two compounds to rationalize the obtained pharmacological activity. Moreover, various drug-likeness properties of the new compounds were predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf El-Malah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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4
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Design and synthesis of thienopyridines as novel templates for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0403-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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5
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Shi ZQ, Feng YQ, Meng SX, Chu WY. Synthesis and Characterisation of 4-Aminophthalimido-N-Alkyl-Calix[4]Azacrown Derivatives. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.3184/174751912x13320759388888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two 4-amino-N-bromoalkylphthalimide derivatives were prepared by the reduction of 4-nitro-N-bromoalkylphthal-imides and SnCl2 and reacted with calix[4]azacrown to give two new 4-aminophthalimido-N-alkyl-calix[4]azacrown derivatives. They were characterised by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS and shown to adopt a cone conformation, 4-aminophthalimido-N-alkyl-calix[4]azacrown may provide a potential fluorescent probe for Cu2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Renai College of Tianjin University, Tianjin 301636, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Qing Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Xian Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Ya Chu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Renai College of Tianjin University, Tianjin 301636, P. R. China
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6
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Bernard P, Kireev DB, Chrétien JR, Fortier PL, Coppet L. Automated docking of 82 N-benzylpiperidine derivatives to mouse acetylcholinesterase and comparative molecular field analysis with 'natural' alignment. J Comput Aided Mol Des 1999; 13:355-71. [PMID: 10425601 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008071118697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Automated docking and three-dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship studies (3D QSAR) were performed for a series of 82 reversible, competitive and selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. The suggested automated docking technique, making use of constraints taken from experimental crystallographic data, allowed to dock all the 82 substituted N-benzylpiperidines to the crystal structure of mouse AChE, because of short computational times. A 3D QSAR model was then established using the CoMFA method. In contrast to conventional CoMFA studies, the compounds were not fitted to a reference molecule but taken in their 'natural' alignment obtained by the docking study. The established and validated CoMFA model was then applied to another series of 29 N-benzylpiperidine derivatives whose AChE inhibitory activity data were measured under different experimental conditions. A good correlation between predicted and experimental activity data shows that the model can be extended to AChE inhibitory activity data measured on another acetylcholinesterase and/or at different incubation times and pH level.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bernard
- Laboratoire de Chimiométrie, Université d'Orléans, France
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7
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Recanatini M, Cavalli A, Hansch C. A comparative QSAR analysis of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors currently studied for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Chem Biol Interact 1997; 105:199-228. [PMID: 9291997 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2797(97)00047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Considering the relevance of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as potential agents for the treatment of the Alzheimer's disease, we have undertaken a comparative QSAR analysis aimed at individuating the physico-chemical properties governing the inhibitory activity of such compounds. The QSAR equations for 13 series of derivatives have been calculated and discussed. The series studied are all those we found in the literature suitable for a QSAR analysis and represent the three main classes of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors currently investigated, namely, physostigmine analogues, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridines and benzylamines. The equations we obtained show that, within each class, the main physico-chemical properties affecting the inhibitory activity are almost the same for all the series and can be individuated by the use of proper parameters. The conclusions of this study can be summarized as follows: (a) hydrophobicity plays a critical role in both the physostigmine- and the benzylamine-derived classes; (b) electronic effects are important for the interactions carried out by the variable portion of benzylamine derivatives; and (c) steric factors are also significant, but, as in other cases, the collinearity between steric and hydrophobic parameters does not allow one to draw any final conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Recanatini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
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Karczmar AG. The Otto Loewi Lecture. Loewi's discovery and the XXI century. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 1996; 109:1-27, xvii. [PMID: 9009689 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62084-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A G Karczmar
- Research Services, Hines VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
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9
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Chelliah J, Smith JD, Fariss MW. Inhibition of cholinesterase activity by tetrahydroaminoacridine and the hemisuccinate esters of tocopherol and cholesterol. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1994; 1206:17-26. [PMID: 8186246 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(94)90067-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The anticholinesterase properties of tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA, Tacrine), alpha-tocopheryl hemisuccinate (TS), and cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CS), given alone and in combination, were examined in vitro. Results from these studies indicate that: [1] THA is a potent inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE, IC50 of 0.40 microM) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, IC50 of 0.10 microM) with greatest inhibitory activity towards BChE; [2] TS and CS are weak inhibitors of BChE (IC50 of 100 microM and 168 microM, respectively) but potent inhibitors of ACHE (IC50 of 1.73 microM and 0.79 microM, respectively); [3] both TS and CS treatment in combination with THA significantly increased THA's anticholinesterase activity. The percentage AChE inhibition observed with this combination was often significantly greater than the sum of the individual values (synergistic). The addition of 0.5 microM CS or TS to an ACHE preparation reduced THA's IC50 value from 0.40 microM or 0.18 microM, respectively [4]; inhibition of AChE by THA, TS and CS are mixed non-competitive while THA inhibition of BChE is mixed non-competitive and TS and CS inhibition of BChE are simple non-competitive; and [5] inhibition of cholinesterases by TS and CS occurs immediately (50 to 75%), during the first 30 min of incubation (25 to 50%) and is dependent on the anionic charged portion of the molecule. In conclusion, our experimental data indicate that TS and CS are potent inhibitors of AChE activity and significantly potentiate the anticholinesterase activity of THA. Such potent and synergistic inhibition of AChE suggest that TS or CS, alone and in combination with THA, may prove beneficial in the treatment of organophosphate poisoning and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chelliah
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0662
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