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Mohammed HA, Abd-Elraouf M, Sulaiman GM, Almahmoud SA, Hamada FA, Khan RA, Hegazy MM, Abd-El-Wahab MF, Kedra TA, Ismail A. Variability in the volatile constituents and biological activities of Achillea millefolium L. essential oils obtained from different plant parts and by different solvents. ARAB J CHEM 2023; 16:105103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
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Investigating the anti-tumoral effect of yarrow (Achillea milllefolium) on the mice in which ehrlich solid tumor is created. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 40:42. [PMID: 36472705 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01917-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, BALB/c mice with Ehrlich solid tumors were used to examine the effect of Achillea millefolium L. (AM) extract on the Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) model, which is one of the experimental cancer models. Also known as yarrow and plant, AM has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antitumor properties. In our study, 57 male BALB/c type mice, 8-10 weeks old, weighing 25-30 g, were used. Mice were divided into two groups. Ehrlich Solid Tumor group: Negative Control Group (ENC), Positive Control Group (EPC), and Treatment Group (TG) (TNCAM-200 mg/kg, TPCAM-400 mg/kg). EPC and TG were given to EAT cells. Each EAT contained 1 × 106 (will be 6 out of 10: so:000000) EAT cells, 0.1 ml of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was administered subcutaneously (s.c.) to the nape of mice. Then It was awaited for solid tumor formation. AM extract was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to TG for 17 days to mice. AM extract was found to have a curative effect on areas of inflammation, bleeding, and necrosis in treatment groups treated with AM extract alone. The treatment groups showed nearly normal histological results compared to the positive control group. According to the results, the TPCAM-400 mg/kg group had a more significant histological impact than the TNCAM-200 mg/kg group. In terms of tumor growth, tumor length, tumor volume, and tumor weight, AM extract did not show significant effects. However, in the light of histological findings, promising results of AM were observed in mice in which Ehrlich Solid Tumor was formed.
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Farooq U, Khan S, Naz S, Wani TA, Bukhari SM, Aborode AT, Shahzad SA, Zargar S. Three New Acrylic Acid Derivatives from Achillea mellifolium as Potential Inhibitors of Urease from Jack Bean and α-Glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27155004. [PMID: 35956953 PMCID: PMC9370616 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Achillea mellifolium belongs to a highly reputed family of medicinal plants, with plant extract being used as medicine in indigenous system. However, limited data is available regarding the exploitation of the medicinal potential of isolated pure compounds from this family; (2) Methods: A whole plant extract was partitioned into fractions and on the basis of biological activity, an ethyl acetate fraction was selected for isolation of pure compounds. Isolated compounds were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques. The compounds isolated from this study were tested for their medicinal potential using in-vitro enzyme assay, coupled with in-silico studies; (3) Results: Three new acrylic acid derivatives (1–3) have been isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Achillea mellifolium. The characterization of these compounds (1–3) was carried out using UV/Vis, FT-IR, 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopy (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMBC, NOESY) and mass spectrometry. These acrylic acid derivatives were further evaluated for their enzyme inhibition potential against urease from jack bean and α glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, using both in-silico and in-vitro approaches. In-vitro studies showed that compound 3 has the highest inhibition against urease enzyme (IC50 =10.46 ± 0.03 μΜ), followed by compound 1 and compound 2 with percent inhibition and IC50 value of 16.87 ± 0.02 c and 13.71 ± 0.07 μΜ, respectively, compared to the standard (thiourea-IC50 = 21.5 ± 0.01 μΜ). The investigated IC50 value of compound 3 against the urease enzyme is two times lower compared to thiourea, suggesting that this compound is twice as active compared to the standard drug. On the other hand, all three compounds (1–3) revealed mild inhibition potential against α-glucosidase. In-silico molecular docking studies, in combination with MD simulations and free energy, calculations were also performed to rationalize their time evolved mode of interaction inside the active pocket. Binding energies were computed using a MMPBSA approach, and the role of individual residues to overall binding of the inhibitors inside the active pockets were also computed; (4) Conclusions: Together, these studies confirm the inhibitory potential of isolated acrylic acid derivatives against both urease and α-glucosidase enzymes; however, their inhibition potential is better for urease enzyme even when compared to the standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (U.F.); (S.K.); Tel.: +92-992383591 (U.F. & S.K.)
| | - Sara Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (U.F.); (S.K.); Tel.: +92-992383591 (U.F. & S.K.)
| | - Sadia Naz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer A. Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Majid Bukhari
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Sohail Anjum Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Seema Zargar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Okkay U, Ferah Okkay I, Cicek B, Aydin IC, Ertugrul MS, Bayram C, Senyayla S, Sezen S, Mendil AS, Guven L, Hacimuftuoglu A. Achillea millefolium alleviates testicular damage in paclitaxel-intoxicated rats via attenuation of testicular oxido-inflammatory stress and apoptotic responses. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14028. [PMID: 33650701 DOI: 10.1111/and.14028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Achillea millefolium extract in paclitaxel-induced testicular toxicity in rats. The groups were designed as (1) control, (2) paclitaxel (8 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), (3) paclitaxel (8 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) + Achillea millefolium (200 mg/kg, orally for 14 consecutive days) and (4) paclitaxel (8 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) + Achillea millefolium (400 mg/kg, orally for 14 consecutive days). Serum levels of testosterone, luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, as well as total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status were measured one day after receiving the last dose of Achillea millefolium extract. Testicular superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde, tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1β levels, the expressions of nuclear factor kappa B and caspase-3 were evaluated. In addition, testicular sections were evaluated histopathologically and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine was detected immunohistochemically. Achillea millefolium improved the levels of luteinising hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone, upregulated testicular antioxidant enzymes and downregulated inflammation. Furthermore, we observed that Achillea millefolium restored testicular histopathological structure and significantly suppressed oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis by reducing the expression of caspase-3. Taken together, our results suggest that Achillea millefolium has protective effects against paclitaxel-induced testicular toxicity and is a promising natural product with the potential to improve male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuk Okkay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Irmak Ferah Okkay
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Cicek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ismail Cagri Aydin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Sait Ertugrul
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Cemil Bayram
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Selcuk Senyayla
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Selma Sezen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ali Sefa Mendil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Leyla Guven
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Papakosta K, Grafakou ME, Barda C, Kostopoulos IV, Tsitsilonis O, Skaltsa H. Cytotoxicity and Anti-cancer Activity of the Genus Achillea L. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:6910-6925. [PMID: 32368970 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200505092514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genus Achillea L. is rich in bioactive sesquiterpenes and flavonoids; most of the studied species exhibit several biological activities and are used as emmenagogue, wound healing and analgesic agents. Some species are also used in local folklore medicine. OBJECTIVE Following a literature survey, we discuss the anti-cancer properties of Achillea species, taking into consideration ethnopharmacological data on their use in traditional medicine for the treatment of cancer. In addition, we screened extracts and isolated secondary metabolites from A. coarctata for cytotoxicity, upon information based on local traditional medicine. The plant was collected in Kozani (Northern Greece), where it is locally used for treating gastrointestinal disorders, including stomach cancer. METHODS A selection of the relevant data was performed through a search in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Science Direct databases. In addition, extracts and isolated compounds from A. coarctata were tested for their in vitro activity against the human cancer cell lines MCF-7 and HeLa. CONCLUSION The genus Achillea L. is a valuable source of bioactive secondary metabolites. The most significant outcome of the investigation of medicinal plants is the documentation and the assessment of the traditional information and its use and perspectives in the light of modern pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Papakosta
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Eleni Grafakou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Barda
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis V Kostopoulos
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Ourania Tsitsilonis
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
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Naz S, Farooq U, Ma H, Sarwar R, Riaz N. Three new acrylic acid derivatives from Achillea mellifolium as potential thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor: molecular docking and MD simulation studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:7138-7149. [PMID: 32815797 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1808071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of potent inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) can offer appropriate approach in cancer treatment owing to it's over expression in various human tumors compared to normal healthy tissues. Thymidine phosphorylase alongside 2-deoxy-D-ribose are reported as promoters of unwanted angiogenesis in cancerous cells. In this study, three new acrylic acid derivatives (1-3) have been isolated from ethyl acetate fraction of Achillea mellifolium. The characterization of these compounds (1-3) was done using UV, IR, 1 D and 2 D-NMR spectroscopy (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMBC, NOESY) and mass spectrometry. The structure of these acrylic acid derivatives were ethyl (E)-3-((1S,5R)-5-methoxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-yl)acrylate (1), methyl (E)-3-((1S,5R)-5-methoxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-yl)acrylate (2) and (4S,6R)-6-methoxy-3,5,5-trimethyl-4-((E)-3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl)cyclohex-2-en-1-one (3). Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) inhibition studies showed compound 3 as most active inhibitor of TP with IC50 value 57.81 ± 3.41 while compound 1 and 2 showed IC50 value as 158.9 ± 0.97 and 89.92 ± 0.37, respectively. In addition, molecular docking studies of compound (1-3) were performed to shed light on their binding interaction patterns for binding into active pocket of TP. Similarly, all compounds (1-3) were evaluated for their anti-oxidant potential showing anti-oxidant activities with IC50 value ranging from 49.73 ± 0.41 to 79.81 ± 0.39. Later, these compound-protein (1-3) complexes were further subjected to MD simulations studies (50 ns) involving root mean square deviation, root mean square fluctuation, and secondary structure analysis to explore their binding mode stability inside active pocket. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Naz
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Hongwu Ma
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Rizwana Sarwar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
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Zhamilya A, Yuan J, Janar J, Tang CP, Ye Y. Monomeric and dimeric sesquiterpene lactones from Artemisia heptapotamica. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 17:785-791. [PMID: 31703759 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
One new dimeric (1) and two monomeric sesquiterpene lactones (5 and 13), together with 10 known compounds (2-4, 6-12), were isolated from Artemisia heptapotamica collected in Almaty region of Kazakhstan. All compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. The structures of the new compounds were mainly achieved by extensive analysis of MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, and ECD spectrum as well. The inhibitory activities of all isolates against activation of NF-κB induced by LPS were assessed on a THP1-Dual cell model. Some of them showed strong inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 2 to 25 μmol·L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abilova Zhamilya
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jenis Janar
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi ave. 71, 050040 Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Chun-Ping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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Abstract
This review highlights the progress on the isolation, bioactivity, biogenesis and total synthesis of dimeric sesquiterpenoids since 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie-Feng Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Li Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Wei-Guang Shan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Zha-Jun Zhan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
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Fathi E, Majdi M, Dastan D, Maroufi A. The spatio-temporal expression of some genes involved in the biosynthetic pathways of terpenes/phenylpropanoids in yarrow (Achillea millefolium). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 142:43-52. [PMID: 31272034 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) is a medicinal plant from the Asteracea which biosynthesize different secondary metabolites especially terpenes and phenylpropanoids. To improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms behind the biosynthesis of these compounds we analyzed the expression of some genes associated with the biosynthesis of terpenes and phenylpropanoids in different tissues and in response to trans-cinnamic acid (tCA) as an inhibitor of PAL activity. Isolation and expression analysis of DXR, GPPS, PAL and CHS genes together with linalool synthase (LIS) as monoterpene synthase was conducted in different developmental stages of leaves, flowers and in response to trans-cinnamic acid (tCA). Differential expression of these genes observed in different tissues. tCA up-regulated the biosynthetic genes of monterpenes and down-regulated the biosynthetic genes of phenylpropanoids. Gene expression analysis in intact leaves and leaves without glandular trichomes showed that DXR, LIS, PAL and CHS are highly expressed in glandular trichomes while GPPS expressed ubiquitously. Analysis of essential oils composition showed that sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes are main compounds; in which from 57 identified compounds the highest were germacreneD (% 11.5), guaiol (%10.38), spatulenol (%8.73) and caryophyllene oxide (%7.48).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Fathi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Majdi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran; (b)Research Center for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Development, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Dara Dastan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Asad Maroufi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
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Xue GM, Zhu DR, Zhu TY, Wang XB, Luo JG, Kong LY. Lactone ring-opening seco-guaianolide involved heterodimers linked via an ester bond from Artemisia argyi with NO inhibitory activity. Fitoterapia 2018; 132:94-100. [PMID: 30529065 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Investigation into the chemical diversity of Artemisia argyi led to the discovery of four new (1-4) and one known (5) guaianolide sesquitenpenoid dimers linked via ester bond, and five other known mono-sesquiterpenoids (6-10). Their structures were determined via extensive spectroscopic data, and the absolute configurations of these compounds were elucidated by calculated ECD analysis and chemical method. The dimeric sesquiterpenoids exhibited NO production inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 7.02 to 32.1 μM. The studies further suggested that compound 2 inhibited inflammatory responses via suppression of the expression of iNOS, resulting from activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and phosphorylation of MAPKs (ERK and p38).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Min Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Rong Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Guang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Setzer WN. The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 5:E121. [PMID: 30424560 PMCID: PMC6313439 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5040121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Native Americans have had a rich ethnobotanical heritage for treating diseases, ailments, and injuries. Cherokee traditional medicine has provided numerous aromatic and medicinal plants that not only were used by the Cherokee people, but were also adopted for use by European settlers in North America. Methods: The aim of this review was to examine the Cherokee ethnobotanical literature and the published phytochemical investigations on Cherokee medicinal plants and to correlate phytochemical constituents with traditional uses and biological activities. Results: Several Cherokee medicinal plants are still in use today as herbal medicines, including, for example, yarrow (Achillea millefolium), black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), and blue skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora). This review presents a summary of the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, and biological activities of Cherokee aromatic and medicinal plants. Conclusions: The list is not complete, however, as there is still much work needed in phytochemical investigation and pharmacological evaluation of many traditional herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
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12
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Pereira JM, Peixoto V, Teixeira A, Sousa D, Barros L, Ferreira IC, Vasconcelos MH. Achillea millefolium L. hydroethanolic extract inhibits growth of human tumor cell lines by interfering with cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:635-644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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13
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Ameliorative effects of Achillea millefolium inflorescences alcoholic extract against nicotine-induced reproductive failure in rat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:504-516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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14
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Ali SI, Gopalakrishnan B, Venkatesalu V. Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties ofAchillea millefoliumL.: A Review. Phytother Res 2017; 31:1140-1161. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofi Imtiyaz Ali
- Department of Botany; Annamalai University; Annamalainagar 608 002 Tamil Nadu India
| | - B. Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Botany; Annamalai University; Annamalainagar 608 002 Tamil Nadu India
| | - V. Venkatesalu
- Department of Botany; Annamalai University; Annamalainagar 608 002 Tamil Nadu India
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Mahmoudabady M, Lashkari M, Niazmand S, Soukhtanloo M. Cardioprotective effects of Achillea wilhelmsii on the isolated rat heart in ischemia-reperfusion. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 7:501-507. [PMID: 29034199 PMCID: PMC5634733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Context There are some reports about protective effects of Achillea on the heart. Objective We investigated the effect of Achillea wilhelmsii extract on cardiac function during ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury in the isolated rat heart. Materials and methods 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups; 1: Control group, 2: Control-ischemia (CI) 3: vitamin C (10 mg/kg), 4–6: Extract groups (E 100, E 200 and E 400 mg/kg). The animals received normal saline, vitamin C or A. wilhelmsii extract orally for 4 weeks. At the end of the treatment, the hearts were subjected to in vitro I/R Injury (20 min of global ischemia, followed by 40 min of reperfusion, Langendorff's mode). Heart rate (HR) and left ventricular pressure (LVP) were measured using a pressure transducer connected to a data acquisition system. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) activities in the effluent were measured to determine the myocardial injury degree. The malondialdehyde (MDA), total thiol groups (-SH), superoxide anion dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in myocardial tissue were detected to determine the oxidative stress degree. Results Pretreatment with Achillea wilhlemsii significantly decreased the LDH, CK activities, and MDA level, while it increased the LVDP, ±dp/dtmax, rate-pressure product (RPP), SH groups, SOD and CAT activities, and also the coronary artery flow. Discussion and conclusion Our findings indicated that Achillea wilhelmsii could provide protection for heart against the I/R injury which may be related to the improvement of myocardial oxidative stress states.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahmoudabady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation, Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M Lashkari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - S Niazmand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mathematical Modeling of Thin-Layer Solar Drying for Yarrow, Coriander and Hollyhock. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2015-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the drying kinetics of Yarrow, Coriander and Hollyhock flowers. These three medicinal products were dried using a solar hybrid photovoltaic-thermal dryer. The drying process was examined at the air temperatures of 40°C, 50°C and 60°C and air velocities of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 m/s. The experimental drying data were fitted to different theoretical models to predict the drying kinetics. Nonlinear regression analysis was performed to relate the parameters of the model with the drying conditions. The performance of these models was evaluated by comparing the correlation coefficient ($${R^2}$$), root mean square error (RMSE) and the chi-square ($${\chi ^2}$$) between the observed and the predicted moisture ratios. Among all the models, the exponential two-term was found to have the best fit in this study. Also the influence of plant type, air temperature and velocity was investigated.
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Sak K, Jürisoo K, Raal A. Estonian folk traditional experiences on natural anticancer remedies: from past to the future. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:855-866. [PMID: 24920231 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.871641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advancements, the burden of cancer is still increasing worldwide. Toxicity of current chemotherapeutics to normal cells and their resistance to tumor cells highlights the urgent need for new drugs with minimal adverse side effects. The use of natural anticancer agents has entered into the area of cancer research and increased efforts are being made to isolate bioactive products from medicinal plants. OBJECTIVE To lead the search for plants with potential cytotoxic activity, ethnopharmacological knowledge can give a great contribution. Therefore, the attention of this review is devoted to the natural remedies traditionally used for the cancer treatment by Estonian people over a period of almost 150 years. METHODS Two massive databases, the first one stored in the Estonian Folklore Archives and the second one in the electronic database HERBA ( http://herba.folklore.ee/ ), containing altogether more than 30 000 ethnomedicinal texts were systematically reviewed to compile data about the Estonian folk traditional experiences on natural anticancer remedies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION As a result, 44 different plants with potential anticancer properties were elicited, 5 of which [Angelica sylvestris L. (Apiaceae), Anthemis tinctoria L. (Asteraceae), Pinus sylvestris L. (Pinaceae), Sorbus aucuparia L. (Rosaceae), and Prunus padus L. (Rosaceae)] have not been previously described with respect to their tumoricidal activities in the scientific literature, suggesting thus the potential herbal materials for further investigations of natural anticancer compounds.
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Achillinin A, a Cytotoxic Guaianolide from the Flower of Yarrow,Achillea millefolium. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 75:1554-6. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Suzergoz F, Cinar S, Oktay R, Karakus F, Gurol A. Effect of theAchillea wilhelmsiiextract intake upon blood lipid profile, haematologic and immunologic parameters in the rat. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2013.864605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Moradi MT, Rafieian-Koupaei M, Imani-Rastabi R, Nasiri J, Shahrani M, Rabiei Z, Alibabaei Z. Antispasmodic effects of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) extract in the isolated ileum of rat. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2013; 10:499-503. [PMID: 24311877 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v10i6.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Achillea millefolium L. is cultivated in Iran and widely used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of A. millefolium on the contraction and relaxation of isolated ileum in rat. In this experimental study, aerial parts of A. millefolium were extracted by maceration in ethanol 70% for 72 h. Terminal portion of ileum in 100 male Wistar rats was dissected and its contractions were recorded isotonically in an organ bath containing Tyrode solution (37 °C, pH 7.4) under one gram tension. Acetylcholine (1mM) and KCl (60mM) were used to create isotonic contractions. Propranolol and Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methylester hydrochloride (L-NAME) were used to investigate the mechanisms of action prior to giving the extract to the relevant groups. Data were compared by ANOVA and Turkey's post hoc test.. The results showed that the ileum contraction was induced by KCl and acetylcholine induced contraction was significantly reduced by A. millefolium extract. The cumulative concentrations of A. millefolium relaxed the KCl and acetylcholine induced contractions (n=14, p<0.001). The inhibitory effect of extract on contraction induced by KCl and acetylcholine was not significantly affected neither by propranolol (1µM) nor by L-NAME (100 µM). There was no significant difference in the rate of relaxation by propranolol and L-NAME between the two groups. In conclusion, A. millefolium can inhibit contraction of smooth muscle of ileum in rat, and it can be used for eliminating intestinal spasms. These results suggest that the relaxatory effect of A. millefolium on ileum contractions can be due to the blockade of voltage dependent calcium channels. In addition, the β-adrenoceptors, cholinergic receptors and nitric oxide production are not powerful actors in inhibitory effect of A. millefolium. So, the nitric oxide and adrenergic systems may also be involved in the antispasmodic effect of A. millefolium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Taghi Moradi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Science, Shahrekord, Iran
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Akram M. Minireview on Achillea millefolium Linn. J Membr Biol 2013; 246:661-3. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-013-9588-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chou ST, Peng HY, Hsu JC, Lin CC, Shih Y. Achillea millefolium L. essential oil inhibits LPS-induced oxidative stress and nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:12978-93. [PMID: 23797659 PMCID: PMC3742169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140712978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Achillea millefolium L. is a member of the Asteraceae family and has been used in folk medicine in many countries. In this study, 19 compounds in A. millefolium essential oil (AM-EO) have been identified; the major components are artemisia ketone (14.92%), camphor (11.64%), linalyl acetate (11.51%) and 1,8-cineole (10.15%). AM-EO can suppress the inflammatory responses of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, including decreased levels of cellular nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion production, lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH) concentration. This antioxidant activity is not a result of increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, but rather occurs as a result of the down-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, thus reducing the inflammatory response. Therefore, AM-EO can be utilized in many applications, including the treatment of inflammatory diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Tze Chou
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43301, Taiwan; E-Mails: (S.-T.C.); (H.-Y.P.)
| | - Hsin-Yi Peng
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43301, Taiwan; E-Mails: (S.-T.C.); (H.-Y.P.)
| | - Jaw-Cherng Hsu
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, Hung Kuang University, 1018, Sec. 6, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43302, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Chih-Chien Lin
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43301, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (C.-C.L.); (Y.S.); Tel.: +886-4-2632-8001 (ext. 15409) (C.-C.L.); +886-4-2632-8001 (ext. 15470) (Y.S.); Fax: +886-4-2631-1167 (C.-C.L. & Y.S.)
| | - Ying Shih
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43301, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (C.-C.L.); (Y.S.); Tel.: +886-4-2632-8001 (ext. 15409) (C.-C.L.); +886-4-2632-8001 (ext. 15470) (Y.S.); Fax: +886-4-2631-1167 (C.-C.L. & Y.S.)
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Huo CH, Li Y, Zhang ML, Wang YF, Zhang Q, Qin F, Shi QW, Kiyota H. Cytotoxic flavonoids from the flowers of Achillea millefolium. Chem Nat Compd 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-013-0438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jalali AS, Hasanzadeh S, Malekinejad H. Achillea millefolium inflorescence aqueous extract ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in rat testis: stereological evidences. Chin J Nat Med 2012. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1009.2012.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jalali AS, Hasanzadeh S, Malekinejad H. Achillea millefolium inflorescence aqueous extract ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in rat testis: stereological evidences. Chin J Nat Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(12)60050-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Li Y, Zhu MC, Zhang ML, Wang YF, Dong M, Shi QW, Huo CH, Sauriol F, Kiyota H, Gu YC, Cong B. Achillinin B and C, new sesquiterpene dimers isolated from Achillea millefolium. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Niazmand S, Khooshnood E, Derakhshan M. Effects of Achillea wilhelmsii on rat's gastric acid output at basal, vagotomized, and vagal-stimulated conditions. Pharmacogn Mag 2011; 6:282-5. [PMID: 21120029 PMCID: PMC2992140 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.71791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Achillea is a plant widely used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disorders. There are some reports on gastrointestinal effects of Achillea, such as antiulcer, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, choleretic, and antispasmodic. To investigate the effects of aqueous–ethanol extract of Achillea wilhelmsii on rat’s gastric acid output in basal, vagotomized (VX), and vagal-stimulated conditions. Materials and Methods: 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control and test. Gastroduodenostomy was performed for each rat. Gastric content was collected for 30 min by washout technique. One milliliter of 3 doses (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg) was introduced into the stomach of each rat in the test group and the same volume of saline was used in the control group. Total titratable acid was measured by a titrator. Results: The extract inhibited acid output significantly in basal condition by 1 and 2 mg/kg doses (P < 0.05) but in VX condition this inhibitory effect on acid output disappeared and the 1 and 2 mg/kg doses increased acid output significantly (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). The extract showed a reduction in the acid output in vagal-stimulated condition by 1 and 2 mg/kg doses, which were not statistically significant. Conclusion: These results showed an inhibitory effect of A. wilhelmsii extract on acid output in basal condition. The inhibitory effect of the extract was exerted via gastric vagal parasympathetic nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niazmand
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Frey FM, Meyers R. Antibacterial activity of traditional medicinal plants used by Haudenosaunee peoples of New York State. Altern Ther Health Med 2010; 10:64. [PMID: 21054887 PMCID: PMC2989932 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-10-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance, as well as the evolution of new strains of disease causing agents, is of great concern to the global health community. Our ability to effectively treat disease is dependent on the development of new pharmaceuticals, and one potential source of novel drugs is traditional medicine. This study explores the antibacterial properties of plants used in Haudenosaunee traditional medicine. We tested the hypothesis that extracts from Haudenosaunee medicinal plants used to treat symptoms often caused by bacterial infection would show antibacterial properties in laboratory assays, and that these extracts would be more effective against moderately virulent bacteria than less virulent bacteria. Methods After identification and harvesting, a total of 57 different aqueous extractions were made from 15 plant species. Nine plant species were used in Haudenosaunee medicines and six plant species, of which three are native to the region and three are introduced, were not used in traditional medicine. Antibacterial activity against mostly avirulent (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus lactis) and moderately virulent (Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus) microbes was inferred through replicate disc diffusion assays; and observed and statistically predicted MIC values were determined through replicate serial dilution assays. Results Although there was not complete concordance between the traditional use of Haudenosaunee medicinal plants and antibacterial activity, our data support the hypothesis that the selection and use of these plants to treat disease was not random. In particular, four plant species exhibited antimicrobial properties as expected (Achillea millefolium, Ipomoea pandurata, Hieracium pilosella, and Solidago canadensis), with particularly strong effectiveness against S. typhimurium. In addition, extractions from two of the introduced species (Hesperis matronalis and Rosa multiflora) were effective against this pathogen. Conclusions Our data suggest that further screening of plants used in traditional Haudenosaunee medicine is warranted, and we put forward several species for further investigation of activity against S. typhimurium (A. millefolium, H. matronalis, I. pandurata, H. pilosella, R. multiflora, S. canadensis).
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Potrich FB, Allemand A, da Silva LM, Dos Santos AC, Baggio CH, Freitas CS, Mendes DAGB, Andre E, Werner MFDP, Marques MCA. Antiulcerogenic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Achillea millefolium L.: involvement of the antioxidant system. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 130:85-92. [PMID: 20420892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Achillea millefolium L. is a member of the Asteraceae family that is commonly referred to as "yarrow" and has been used in folk medicine against several disturbances including skin inflammations, spasmodic and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as hepato-biliary complaints. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of a hydroalcoholic extract from the Achillea millefolium (HE) for gastroprotective properties and additional mechanism(s) involved in this activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were treated with HE and subsequently exposed to both acute gastric lesions induced by ethanol P.A. and chronic gastric ulcers induced by 80% acetic acid. Following treatment, glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. The activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and histological and immunohistochemical analysis were performed in animals with acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers. RESULTS Oral administration of HE (30, 100 and 300mg/kg) inhibited ethanol-induced gastric lesions by 35, 56 and 81%, respectively. Oral treatment with HE (1 and 10mg/kg) reduced the chronic gastric ulcers induced by acetic acid by 43 and 65%, respectively, and promoted significant regeneration of the gastric mucosa after ulcer induction denoting increased cell proliferation, which was confirmed by PCNA immunohistochemistry. HE treatment prevented the reduction of GSH levels and SOD activity after acetic acid-induced gastric lesions. In addition, HE (10mg/kg) inhibited the MPO activity in acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study indicate that the antioxidant properties of HE may contribute to the gastroprotective activity of this extract.
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Csupor-Löffler B, Hajdú Z, Zupkó I, Réthy B, Falkay G, Forgo P, Hohmann J. Antiproliferative effect of flavonoids and sesquiterpenoids from Achillea millefolium s.l. on cultured human tumour cell lines. Phytother Res 2009; 23:672-6. [PMID: 19107850 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The antiproliferative activities of n-hexane, chloroform, aqueous-methanol and aqueous extracts of the aerial parts of the Achillea millefolium aggregate on three human tumour cell lines were investigated by means of MTT assays. The chloroform-soluble extract exerted high tumour cell proliferation inhibitory activities on HeLa and MCF-7 cells, and a moderate effect on A431 cells; accordingly, it was subjected to detailed bioactivity-guided fractionation. As a result of the multistep chromatographic purifications (VLC, CPC, PLC, gel filtration), five flavonoids (apigenin, luteolin, centaureidin, casticin and artemetin) and five sesquiterpenoids (paulitin, isopaulitin, psilostachyin C, desacetylmatricarin and sintenin) were isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods. The antiproliferative assay demonstrated that centaureidin is the most effective constituent of the aerial parts of yarrow: high cell growth inhibitory activities were observed especially on HeLa (IC(50) 0.0819 microm) and MCF-7 (IC(50) 0.1250 microm) cells. Casticin and paulitin were also highly effective against all three tumour cell lines (IC(50) 1.286-4.76 microm), while apigenin, luteolin and isopaulitin proved to be moderately active (IC(50) 6.95-32.88 microm). Artemetin, psilostachyin C, desacetylmatricarin and sintenin did not display antiproliferative effects against these cell lines. This is the first report on the occurrence of seco-pseudoguaianolides (paulitin, isopaulitin and psilostachyin C) in the Achillea genus.
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Babaei M, Abarghoei ME, Akhavan MM, Ansari R, Vafaei AA, Taherian AA, Mousavi S, Toussy J. Antimotility effect of hydroalcoholic extract of yarrow (Achillea millefolium) on the guinea-pig ileum. Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:3673-3677. [PMID: 19093480 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.3673.3677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The use of medicinal herbs among the general population gives rise to the possibility of therapeutic or toxic effects in patients that use these plants. The effects of Achillea millefolium hydroalcoholic extract on the contractile responses of the isolated guinea-pig ileum were investigated. The effect of the Achillea millefolium extracts at five concentrations ranging form 0.05 to 5 mg mL(-1) was tested. The terminal ileum was removed. Segments were fixed in an organ bath containing in Tyrode solution. Contraction changes in the tissues were monitored using force displacement transducer amplifier connected to physiograph. Each segment served as its own control. Achillea millefolium inhibited the contractile response in a dose-dependent manner. The 50% effective concentration values (EC50) were calculated, which was 1.5 mg mL(-1). Regression analysis had shown that with increasing in extract concentration the effect of extract was increased. The coefficient of extract dose was 0.031 mg. Present results demonstrate that extract prepared from the plant of Achillea millefolium inhibited electrical induced contractions of the guinea-pig ileum when tested in vitro. This effect is dose dependent and reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Babaei
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Cavalcanti AM, Baggio CH, Freitas CS, Rieck L, de Sousa RS, Da Silva-Santos JE, Mesia-Vela S, Marques MCA. Safety and antiulcer efficacy studies of Achillea millefolium L. after chronic treatment in Wistar rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 107:277-84. [PMID: 16647233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2005] [Revised: 03/12/2006] [Accepted: 03/15/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae), popularly known as yarrow, has been used in folk medicine to treat complaints such as inflammation, pain, wounds, hemorrhages and gastrointestinal disturbances. The aim of the present study was to assess the safety and efficacy of the aqueous extract (AE) of the plant after chronic exposure. Indeed, the AE was effective in protecting the gastric mucosa against acute gastric lesions induced by ethanol and indomethacin and in healing chronic gastric lesions induced by acetic acid with (ED(50)=32 mg/kg, p.o.). Safety studies were performed in female and male Wistar rats treated daily with AE (0.3-1.2 g/kg, p.o./day) or vehicle (water, 10 ml/kg/day) for 28 or 90 consecutive days. Satellite groups consisted of animals sacrificed 30 days after the end of these treatments. Clinical observations, body and organ weight measurements, gross autopsy, hematology, clinical biochemical and histopathological examinations were performed. Slight changes in liver weight, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and glucose were observed in male and female animals. These changes were not correlated with dose or time of exposure of the animals to the AE. Overall, the results show the antiulcer potential of the aerial parts of the Achillea millefolium which is accompanied by no signs of relevant toxicity even at very long chronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Cavalcanti
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19031, Centro Politécnico - Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, PR 81531-990, Brazil
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Heinrich M, Robles M, West JE, Ortiz de Montellano BR, Rodriguez E. Ethnopharmacology of Mexican asteraceae (Compositae). Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1998; 38:539-65. [PMID: 9597165 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.38.1.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Traditional herbal remedies have increased in popularity in Europe and the United States in recent years but have always been important to people living in rural Mexico and to their Mexican American/Chicano descendants in the United States. Mexican American patients will often be ingesting herbal teas at the same time that they are being treated for their ailments with antibiotics or antiinflammatory agents. The plant family Asteraceae (Compositae) has contributed the largest number of plants to this pharmacopoeia; the reasons for the importance of this family include its large number of species in Mexico and its wide array of natural products that are useful in the treatment of the maladies that have afflicted the inhabitants of rural Mexico. These natural products include sesquiterpene lactones, polyacetylenes, alkaloids, monoterpenes, and various phenolics such as flavonoids. In this review, we emphasize the sesquiterpene lactones, a large group of compounds with antiinflammatory properties and the ability to relax smooth muscles and thereby relieve gastrointestinal distress. These compounds also readily form adducts with glutathione or free thiols and can thereby affect the metabolism, activity, and toxicology of a wide array of pharmacological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Heinrich
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
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