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Quintero-Rincón P, Mesa-Arango AC, Flórez-Acosta OA, Zapata-Zapata C, Stashenko EE, Pino-Benítez N. Exploring the Potential of Extracts from Sloanea medusula and S. calva: Formulating Two Skincare Gels with Antioxidant, Sun Protective Factor, and Anti- Candida albicans Activities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:990. [PMID: 37513902 PMCID: PMC10384365 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sloanea is a plant genus, native to tropical regions, used in medicinal practices for its anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity, sun protective factor (SPF), and antifungal of extracts obtained from two species of Sloanea and to develop extract-based gels with antioxidants, photoprotective, and anti-Candida albicans effects. Ethanolic extracts from S. medusula and S. calva collected in Chocó, Colombia, were used for antioxidant activity and SPF determination using the DPPH assay and the Mansur equation, respectively. Extracts were characterized using HPLC-MS and used to prepare the gels. The viscosity of the extract-based gels was evaluated using an MCR92 rheometer. In addition, the anti-Candida activity of extracts against five yeasts and anti-C. albicans of gels were evaluated following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27, 4th Edition. High DPPH radical scavenging activity (42.4% and 44.7%) and a high SPF value (32.5 and 35.4) were obtained for the extracts of S. medusula and S. calva, respectively. Similarly, extract-based gels showed significant DPPH radical scavenging activity of 54.5% and 53.0% and maximum SPF values of 60 and 57. Extract from S. medusula showed an important antifungal activity against C. albicans (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2 µg/mL). In contrast, S. calva extract was active against C. krusei, C. albicans (MIC of 2 µg/mL) and C. tropicalis (MIC of 4 µg/mL). Sloanea medusula gel (0.15%) exhibited an important C. albicans growth inhibition (98%), while with S. calva gel (0.3%) growth inhibition was slightly lower (76%). Polyphenolic and triterpenoid compounds were tentatively identified for S. medusula and S. calva, respectively. Both extracts can be considered promising sources for developing photoprotective gels to treat skin infections caused by C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Quintero-Rincón
- Natural Products Group, Technological University of Chocó, Quibdó 270002, Colombia
- Research Group Design and Formulation of Medicines, Cosmetics, and Related, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Ana C Mesa-Arango
- Academic Group of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Oscar A Flórez-Acosta
- Research Group Design and Formulation of Medicines, Cosmetics, and Related, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Carolina Zapata-Zapata
- Academic Group of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Elena E Stashenko
- Center for Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, CROM-MASS, CIBIMOL-CENIVAM, Industrial University of Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
| | - Nayive Pino-Benítez
- Natural Products Group, Technological University of Chocó, Quibdó 270002, Colombia
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Perez Gutierrez R. Antioxidant and antiglycation effects of cucurbita argyrosperma seeds polysaccharide. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_364_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Benamar H, Rarivoson E, Tomassini L, Frezza C, Marouf A, Bennaceur M, Nicoletti M. Phytochemical profiles, antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterasic activities of the leaf extracts of Rhamnus lycioides subsp. oleoides (L.) Jahand. & Maire in different solvents. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:1456-1462. [PMID: 29304683 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1422182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the extracts obtained with different solvents from the leaves of Rhamnus lycioides subsp. oleoides (L.) Jahand. & Maire were studied for their phytochemical profile and then for their antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. The phytochemical profiles of the extracts in n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, anthraquinone rich and water, showed the presence of different compounds belonging to several classes of natural products such as flavonoids, anthraquinones, saccharides and fatty acids. For what concerns the biological tests, the ethyl acetate, methanol and anthraquinone rich extracts showed the highest activities in both assays due to the high amount of compounds possessing those properties such as flavonoids and anthraquinones. By consequence, these specific extracts of the species may be considered to be potential sources of natural antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterasic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houari Benamar
- a Department of Biology , University of Mostaganem Abdelhamid Ibn Badis , Mostaganem , Algeria.,b Department of Biology , University of Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella , Oran , Algeria
| | - Elonge Rarivoson
- b Department of Biology , University of Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella , Oran , Algeria
| | - Lamberto Tomassini
- c Department of Environmental Biology , University of Rome "La Sapienza" , Rome , Italy
| | - Claudio Frezza
- c Department of Environmental Biology , University of Rome "La Sapienza" , Rome , Italy
| | - Abderrazak Marouf
- b Department of Biology , University of Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella , Oran , Algeria.,d Department of Natural Sciences and Life , Ctr Univ Naama , Naama , Algeria
| | - Malika Bennaceur
- b Department of Biology , University of Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella , Oran , Algeria.,e Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms , University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene , Algiers , Algeria
| | - Marcello Nicoletti
- c Department of Environmental Biology , University of Rome "La Sapienza" , Rome , Italy
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Lu TM, Ko HH. A new anthraquinone glycoside from Rhamnus nakaharai and anti-tyrosinase effect of 6-methoxysorigenin. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:2655-2661. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1138300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzy-Ming Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Huey Ko
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Vaccinium corymbosum L. leaf extract. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(13)60099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kosalec I, Kremer D, Locatelli M, Epifano F, Genovese S, Carlucci G, Randić M, Zovko Končić M. Anthraquinone profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of bark extracts of Rhamnus alaternus, R. fallax, R. intermedia and R. pumila. Food Chem 2012; 136:335-41. [PMID: 23122067 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The quantity of phenols, as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, were investigated in bark of Rhamnus alaternus L., R. fallax Boiss., R. intermedia Steud. et Hochst., and R. pumila Turra from natural stands in Croatia. The most abundant anthraquinones in the investigated extracts were chrysophanol in R. alaternus (3.14 mg/g), emodin in R. pumila (0.339 mg/g), and physcion in R. fallax (2.70 mg/g) and R. intermedia (0.285 mg/g). The species exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity were R. fallax and R. pumila. A positive correlation was observed between total phenolic and flavonoid levels of the extracts and antioxidant activity in some of the assays. All species showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Microsporum gypseum with minimal inhibitory concentrations equal to or below 2.500 mg/mL. The results indicate that the investigated Rhamnus species are a source of anthraquinones and other phenols, which act as multifunctional antioxidants with antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kosalec
- University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Kremer D, Kosalec I, Locatelli M, Epifano F, Genovese S, Carlucci G, Zovko Končić M. Anthraquinone profiles, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Frangula rupestris (Scop.) Schur and Frangula alnus Mill. bark. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Locatelli M, Epifano F, Genovese S, Carlucci G, Končić MZ, Kosalec I, Kremer D. Anthraquinone Profile, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Bark Extracts of Rhamnus catharticus and R. orbiculatus. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100600917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthraquinone profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities as well as the total phenol and total flavonoid contents were determined in methanol extracts of the barks of Rhamnus catharticus L. and R. orbiculatus Bornm. The most abundant anthraquinone derivatives in R. catharticus were physcion (67.8%) and emodin (26.2%), while R. orbiculatus contained mostly physcion (81.3%) and chrysophanol (14.6%). R. catharticus displayed better activity in the β-carotene–linoleic acid assay, as well as chelating activity, whereas its activity in the reducing power assay was significantly lower than that of R. orbiculatus. Both methanol extracts showed antimicrobial activity against all microbial species tested ( Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Microsporum gypseum) with MIC values either equal to or lower than 2.50 mg/mL. R. catharticus and R. orbiculatus contained several anthranoid aglycones and their bark extracts demonstrated notable antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The results obtained indicate the medicinal potential of these two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Locatelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi “G. D'Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi “G. D'Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi “G. D'Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi “G. D'Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marijana Zovko Končić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Kosalec
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dario Kremer
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Azam F. Synthesis of some urea and thiourea derivatives of naphtha[1,2-d]thiazol-2-amine as anti-Parkinsonian agents that cause neuroprotection against haloperidol-induced oxidative stress in mice. Med Chem Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-008-9127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lu TM. Two novel carbonic acid esters conjugated with oligophenyl glucosides from Rhamnus nakaharai. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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