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Molecular mechanisms of exercise contributing to tissue regeneration. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:383. [PMID: 36446784 PMCID: PMC9709153 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity has been known as an essential element to promote human health for centuries. Thus, exercise intervention is encouraged to battle against sedentary lifestyle. Recent rapid advances in molecular biotechnology have demonstrated that both endurance and resistance exercise training, two traditional types of exercise, trigger a series of physiological responses, unraveling the mechanisms of exercise regulating on the human body. Therefore, exercise has been expected as a candidate approach of alleviating a wide range of diseases, such as metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, tumors, and cardiovascular diseases. In particular, the capacity of exercise to promote tissue regeneration has attracted the attention of many researchers in recent decades. Since most adult human organs have a weak regenerative capacity, it is currently a key challenge in regenerative medicine to improve the efficiency of tissue regeneration. As research progresses, exercise-induced tissue regeneration seems to provide a novel approach for fighting against injury or senescence, establishing strong theoretical basis for more and more "exercise mimetics." These drugs are acting as the pharmaceutical alternatives of those individuals who cannot experience the benefits of exercise. Here, we comprehensively provide a description of the benefits of exercise on tissue regeneration in diverse organs, mainly focusing on musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. We also discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the regenerative effects of exercise and emerging therapeutic exercise mimetics for regeneration, as well as the associated opportunities and challenges. We aim to describe an integrated perspective on the current advances of distinct physiological mechanisms associated with exercise-induced tissue regeneration on various organs and facilitate the development of drugs that mimics the benefits of exercise.
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Hastings MH, Herrera JJ, Guseh JS, Atlason B, Houstis NE, Abdul Kadir A, Li H, Sheffield C, Singh AP, Roh JD, Day SM, Rosenzweig A. Animal Models of Exercise From Rodents to Pythons. Circ Res 2022; 130:1994-2014. [PMID: 35679366 PMCID: PMC9202075 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.320247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute and chronic animal models of exercise are commonly used in research. Acute exercise testing is used, often in combination with genetic, pharmacological, or other manipulations, to study the impact of these manipulations on the cardiovascular response to exercise and to detect impairments or improvements in cardiovascular function that may not be evident at rest. Chronic exercise conditioning models are used to study the cardiac phenotypic response to regular exercise training and as a platform for discovery of novel pathways mediating cardiovascular benefits conferred by exercise conditioning that could be exploited therapeutically. The cardiovascular benefits of exercise are well established, and, frequently, molecular manipulations that mimic the pathway changes induced by exercise recapitulate at least some of its benefits. This review discusses approaches for assessing cardiovascular function during an acute exercise challenge in rodents, as well as practical and conceptual considerations in the use of common rodent exercise conditioning models. The case for studying feeding in the Burmese python as a model for exercise-like physiological adaptation is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret H Hastings
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Jonathan J Herrera
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (J.J.H.)
| | - J Sawalla Guseh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Bjarni Atlason
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Nicholas E Houstis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Azrul Abdul Kadir
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Haobo Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Cedric Sheffield
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Anand P Singh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Jason D Roh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Sharlene M Day
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine' University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.M.D.)
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
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Wang Y, Tian MM, Mi CJ, Chen KL, Ji YC, Wang L, Zhang J, Cheng K. Exercise protects the heart against myocardial infarction through upregulation of miR-1192. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 521:1061-1069. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Vujic A, Lerchenmüller C, Wu TD, Guillermier C, Rabolli CP, Gonzalez E, Senyo SE, Liu X, Guerquin-Kern JL, Steinhauser ML, Lee RT, Rosenzweig A. Exercise induces new cardiomyocyte generation in the adult mammalian heart. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1659. [PMID: 29695718 PMCID: PMC5916892 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of cardiomyocytes is a major cause of heart failure, and while the adult heart has a limited capacity for cardiomyogenesis, little is known about what regulates this ability or whether it can be effectively harnessed. Here we show that 8 weeks of running exercise increase birth of new cardiomyocytes in adult mice (~4.6-fold). New cardiomyocytes are identified based on incorporation of 15N-thymidine by multi-isotope imaging mass spectrometry (MIMS) and on being mononucleate/diploid. Furthermore, we demonstrate that exercise after myocardial infarction induces a robust cardiomyogenic response in an extended border zone of the infarcted area. Inhibition of miR-222, a microRNA increased by exercise in both animal models and humans, completely blocks the cardiomyogenic exercise response. These findings demonstrate that cardiomyogenesis can be activated by exercise in the normal and injured adult mouse heart and suggest that stimulation of endogenous cardiomyocyte generation could contribute to the benefits of exercise. The adult mammalian heart has a limited cardiomyogenic capacity. Here the authors show that intensive exercise leads to a 4.6-fold increase in murine cardiomyocyte proliferation requiring the expression of miR-222, and that exercise induces an extended cardiomyogenic response in the murine heart after infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vujic
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Carolin Lerchenmüller
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiology Division and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U1196, 91405, Orsay, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, UMR 9187, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Christelle Guillermier
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Center for NanoImaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Charles P Rabolli
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiology Division and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Emilia Gonzalez
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Samuel E Senyo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiology Division and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U1196, 91405, Orsay, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, UMR 9187, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Matthew L Steinhauser
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Center for NanoImaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard T Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiology Division and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Schaun MI, Marschner RA, Peres TR, Markoski MM, Lehnen AM. Aerobic training prior to myocardial infarction increases cardiac GLUT4 and partially preserves heart function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:334-337. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We assessed cardiac function (echocardiographic) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression (Western blot) in response to 10 weeks of aerobic training (treadmill) prior to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by ligation of the left coronary artery in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Animals were allocated to sedentary+sham, sedentary+AMI, training+sham, and training+AMI. Aerobic training prior to AMI partially preserves heart function. AMI and/or aerobic training increased GLUT4 expression. However, those animals trained prior to AMI showed a greater increase in GLUT4 in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Isoppo Schaun
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, 90620-001, Brazil
| | - Rafael Aguiar Marschner
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, 90620-001, Brazil
| | - Thiago Rodrigues Peres
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, 90620-001, Brazil
| | - Melissa Medeiros Markoski
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, 90620-001, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Machado Lehnen
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, 90620-001, Brazil
- Faculdade Sogipa de Educação Física, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90550-003, Brazil
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Myocardial Infarction and Exercise Training: Evidence from Basic Science. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 999:139-153. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4307-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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7
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Exosomes Mediate the Beneficial Effects of Exercise. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1000:333-353. [PMID: 29098629 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4304-8_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is known that moderate exercise can prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases, but the exact molecular mechanisms mediating cardioprotective effect of exercise remain unknown. Emerging evidence suggests that exercise has great impact on the biogenesis of exosomes, which have been found in both interstitial fluid and circulation, and play important roles in cellular communication. Exosomes carry functional molecules such as mRNAs, microRNA, and specific proteins, which can be used in the early diagnosis and targeted therapy of a variety of diseases. Our review focus on the current knowledge on exosome production, secretion, uptake and how exercise influence exosome content. We also highlight recent research development in exosome based approach for cardiac repair.
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Melo SFS, Barauna VG, Neves VJ, Fernandes T, Lara LDS, Mazzotti DR, Oliveira EM. Exercise training restores the cardiac microRNA-1 and -214 levels regulating Ca2+ handling after myocardial infarction. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2015; 15:166. [PMID: 26646371 PMCID: PMC4673865 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-015-0156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired cardiomyocyte contractility and calcium handling are hallmarks of left ventricular contractile dysfunction. Exercise training has been used as a remarkable strategy in the treatment of heart disease. The microRNA-1, which targets sodium/calcium exchanger 1 (NCX), and microRNA-214, which targets sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase-2a (Serca2a), are involved in cardiac function regulation. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exercise training on cardiac microRNA-1 and -214 expression after myocardial infarction. METHODS Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: sedentary sham (S-SHAM), sedentary infarction (S-INF), trained sham (T-SHAM), and trained infarction (T-INF). Exercise training consisted of 60 min/days, 5 days/week for 10 weeks with 3 % of body weight as overload beginning four weeks after myocardial infarction. RESULTS MicroRNA-1 and -214 expressions were, respectively, decreased (52 %) and increased (54 %) in the S-INF compared to the S-SHAM, while exercise training normalized the expression of these microRNAs. The microRNA targets NCX and Serca-2a protein expression were, respectively, decreased (55 %) and increased (34 %) in the T-INF group compared to the S-INF group. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that exercise training restores microRNA-1 and -214 expression levels and prevents change in both NCX and Serca-2a protein and gene expressions. Altogether, our data suggest a molecular mechanism to restore ventricular function after exercise training in myocardial infarction rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphano Freitas Soares Melo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Professor Mello Moraes, 65- Cidade Universitária, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Valério Garrone Barauna
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.
| | - Vander José Neves
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Professor Mello Moraes, 65- Cidade Universitária, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Tiago Fernandes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Professor Mello Moraes, 65- Cidade Universitária, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lucienne da Silva Lara
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Diego Robles Mazzotti
- Department of Health Informatics, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Edilamar Menezes Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Professor Mello Moraes, 65- Cidade Universitária, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Puhl SL, Müller A, Wagner M, Devaux Y, Böhm M, Wagner DR, Maack C. Exercise attenuates inflammation and limits scar thinning after myocardial infarction in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H345-59. [PMID: 26001415 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00683.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although exercise mediates beneficial effects in patients after myocardial infarction (MI), the underlying mechanisms as well as the question of whether an early start of exercise after MI is safe or even beneficial are incompletely resolved. The present study analyzed the effects of exercise before and reinitiated early after MI on cardiac remodeling and function. Male C57BL/6N mice were housed sedentary or with the opportunity to voluntarily exercise for 6 wk before MI induction (ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery) or sham operation. After a 5-day exercise-free phase after MI, mice were allowed to reexercise for another 4 wk. Exercise before MI induced adaptive hypertrophy with moderate increases in heart weight, cardiomyocyte diameter, and left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume, but without fibrosis. In sedentary mice, MI induced eccentric LV hypertrophy with massive fibrosis but maintained systolic LV function. While in exercised mice gross LV end-diastolic volumes and systolic function did not differ from sedentary mice after MI, LV collagen content and thinning of the infarcted area were reduced. This was associated with ameliorated activation of inflammation, mediated by TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, as well as reduced activation of matrix metalloproteinase 9. In contrast, no differences in the activation patterns of various MAPKs or adenosine receptor expressions were observed 5 wk after MI in sedentary or exercised mice. In conclusion, continuous exercise training before and with an early reonset after MI ameliorates adverse LV remodeling by attenuating inflammation, fibrosis, and scar thinning. Therefore, an early reonset of exercise after MI can be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Lena Puhl
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany; and
| | - Andreas Müller
- Klinik für Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany; and
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Centre de Recherche Public-Santé, Luxembourg; and
| | - Michael Böhm
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany; and
| | - Daniel R Wagner
- Division of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Christoph Maack
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany; and
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10
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Liu X, Xiao J, Zhu H, Wei X, Platt C, Damilano F, Xiao C, Bezzerides V, Boström P, Che L, Zhang C, Spiegelman BM, Rosenzweig A. miR-222 is necessary for exercise-induced cardiac growth and protects against pathological cardiac remodeling. Cell Metab 2015; 21:584-95. [PMID: 25863248 PMCID: PMC4393846 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Exercise induces physiological cardiac growth and protects the heart against pathological remodeling. Recent work suggests exercise also enhances the heart's capacity for repair, which could be important for regenerative therapies. While microRNAs are important in certain cardiac pathologies, less is known about their functional roles in exercise-induced cardiac phenotypes. We profiled cardiac microRNA expression in two distinct models of exercise and found microRNA-222 (miR-222) was upregulated in both. Downstream miR-222 targets modulating cardiomyocyte phenotypes were identified, including HIPK1 and HMBOX1. Inhibition of miR-222 in vivo completely blocked cardiac and cardiomyocyte growth in response to exercise while reducing markers of cardiomyocyte proliferation. Importantly, mice with inducible cardiomyocyte miR-222 expression were resistant to adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction after ischemic injury. These studies implicate miR-222 as necessary for exercise-induced cardiomyocyte growth and proliferation in the adult mammalian heart and show that it is sufficient to protect the heart against adverse remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- Cardiovascular Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Regeneration Lab and Experimental Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Han Zhu
- Cardiovascular Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xin Wei
- Cardiovascular Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Colin Platt
- Cardiovascular Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Federico Damilano
- Cardiovascular Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Chunyang Xiao
- Cardiovascular Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Vassilios Bezzerides
- Cardiovascular Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Cardiovascular Department of Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Pontus Boström
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lin Che
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Rush Medical College, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Bruce M Spiegelman
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Cardiovascular Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital Cardiovascular Division and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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11
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Garza MA, Wason EA, Zhang JQ. Cardiac remodeling and physical training post myocardial infarction. World J Cardiol 2015; 7:52-64. [PMID: 25717353 PMCID: PMC4325302 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v7.i2.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
After myocardial infarction (MI), the heart undergoes extensive myocardial remodeling through the accumulation of fibrous tissue in both the infarcted and noninfarcted myocardium, which distorts tissue structure, increases tissue stiffness, and accounts for ventricular dysfunction. There is growing clinical consensus that exercise training may beneficially alter the course of post-MI myocardial remodeling and improve cardiac function. This review summarizes the present state of knowledge regarding the effect of post-MI exercise training on infarcted hearts. Due to the degree of difficulty to study a viable human heart at both protein and molecular levels, most of the detailed studies have been performed by using animal models. Although there are some negative reports indicating that post-MI exercise may further cause deterioration of the wounded hearts, a growing body of research from both human and animal experiments demonstrates that post-MI exercise may beneficially alter the course of wound healing and improve cardiac function. Furthermore, the improved function is likely due to exercise training-induced mitigation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, improved balance between matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1, favorable myosin heavy chain isoform switch, diminished oxidative stress, enhanced antioxidant capacity, improved mitochondrial calcium handling, and boosted myocardial angiogenesis. Additionally, meta-analyses revealed that exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation has proven to be effective, and remains one of the least expensive therapies for both the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, and prevents re-infarction.
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12
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Alves JP, Nunes RB, Stefani GP, Dal Lago P. Resistance training improves hemodynamic function, collagen deposition and inflammatory profiles: experimental model of heart failure. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110317. [PMID: 25340545 PMCID: PMC4207701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of resistance training on collagen deposition, the inflammatory profile and muscle weakness in heart failure remains unclear. Therefore, this study evaluated the influence of a resistance training program on hemodynamic function, maximum strength gain, collagen deposition and inflammatory profile in chronic heart failure rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats submitted to myocardial infarction by coronary artery ligation or sham surgery were assigned into four groups: sedentary sham (S-Sham, n = 8); trained sham (T-Sham, n = 8); sedentary chronic heart failure (S-CHF, n = 8) and trained chronic heart failure (T-CHF, n = 8). The maximum strength capacity was evaluated by the one maximum repetition test. Trained groups were submitted to an 8-week resistance training program (4 days/week, 4 sets of 10-12 repetitions/session, at 65% to 75% of one maximum repetition). After 8 weeks of the resistance training program, the T-CHF group showed lower left ventricular end diastolic pressure (P<0.001), higher left ventricular systolic pressure (P<0.05), higher systolic blood pressure (P<0.05), an improvement in the maximal positive derivative of ventricular pressure (P<0.05) and maximal negative derivative of ventricular pressure (P<0.05) when compared to the S-CHF group; no differences were observed when compared to Sham groups. In addition, resistance training was able to reduce myocardial hypertrophy (P<0.05), left ventricular total collagen volume fraction (P<0.01), IL-6 (P<0.05), and TNF-α/IL-10 ratio (P<0.05), as well as increasing IL-10 (P<0.05) in chronic heart failure rats when compared to the S-CHF group. Eight weeks of resistance training promotes an improvement of cardiac function, strength gain, collagen deposition and inflammatory profile in chronic heart failure rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadson P. Alves
- Laboratory of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ramiro B. Nunes
- Laboratory of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe P. Stefani
- Laboratory of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pedro Dal Lago
- Laboratory of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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