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Avoscan L, Lurthy T, Lherminier J, Arnould C, Loria PM, Wu TD, Guerquin-Kern JL, Pivato B, Lemaître JP, Lemanceau P, Mazurier S. Iron status and root cell morphology of Arabidopsis thaliana as modified by a bacterial ferri-siderophore. Physiol Plant 2024; 176:e14223. [PMID: 38383937 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
We previously provided evidence for the contribution of pyoverdine to the iron nutrition of Arabidopsis. In the present article, we further analyze the mechanisms and physiology of the adaptations underlying plant iron nutrition through Fe(III)-pyoverdine (Fe(III)-pvd). An integrated approach combining microscopy and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) on plant samples was adopted to localize pyoverdine in planta and assess the impact of this siderophore on the plant iron status and root cellular morphology. The results support a possible plant uptake mechanism of the Fe(III)-pvd complex by epidermal root cells via a non-reductive process associated with the presence of more vesicles. Pyoverdine was transported to the central cylinder via the symplastic and/or trans-cellular pathway(s), suggesting a possible root-to-shoot translocation. All these processes led to enhanced plant iron nutrition, as previously shown. Overall, these findings suggest that bacterial siderophores contribute to plant iron uptake and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Avoscan
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Agroécologie, Plateforme DimaCell, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Tristan Lurthy
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jeannine Lherminier
- Agroécologie, Plateforme DimaCell, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Christine Arnould
- Agroécologie, Plateforme DimaCell, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Manuel Loria
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UAR2016, Inserm US43, Multimodal Imaging Center, Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UAR2016, Inserm US43, Multimodal Imaging Center, Orsay, France
| | - Barbara Pivato
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Paul Lemaître
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Lemanceau
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Sylvie Mazurier
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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Roeder SS, Bonnin EA, Wu TD, Guerquin-Kern JL, Jabari S, Brandner S, Eyüpoglu IY, Gollwitzer S, Hamer HM, Gerner ST, Doeppner TR, Rummel C, Englund E, Heimke-Brinck R, Borst T, Daniel C, Amann K, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Tonchev AB, Roessler K, Schwab S, Bergmann O, Rizzoli SO, Huttner HB. Tracking cell turnover in human brain using 15N-thymidine imaging mass spectrometry. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1274607. [PMID: 37869505 PMCID: PMC10585107 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1274607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Microcephaly is often caused by an impairment of the generation of neurons in the brain, a process referred to as neurogenesis. While most neurogenesis in mammals occurs during brain development, it thought to continue to take place through adulthood in selected regions of the mammalian brain, notably the hippocampus. However, the generality of neurogenesis in the adult brain has been controversial. While studies in mice and rats have provided compelling evidence for neurogenesis occurring in the adult rodent hippocampus, the lack of applicability in humans of key methods to demonstrate neurogenesis has led to an intense debate about the existence and, in particular, the magnitude of neurogenesis in the adult human brain. Here, we demonstrate the applicability of a powerful method to address this debate, that is, the in vivo labeling of adult human patients with 15N-thymidine, a non-hazardous form of thymidine, an approach without any clinical harm or ethical concerns. 15N-thymidine incorporation into newly synthesized DNA of specific cells was quantified at the single-cell level with subcellular resolution by Multiple-isotype imaging mass spectrometry (MIMS) of brain tissue resected for medical reasons. Two adult human patients, a glioblastoma patient and a patient with drug-refractory right temporal lobe epilepsy, were infused for 24 h with 15N-thymidine. Detection of 15N-positive leukocyte nuclei in blood samples from these patients confirmed previous findings by others and demonstrated the appropriateness of this approach to search for the generation of new cells in the adult human brain. 15N-positive neural cells were easily identified in the glioblastoma tissue sample, and the range of the 15N signal suggested that cells that underwent S-phase fully or partially during the 24 h in vivo labeling period, as well as cells generated therefrom, were detected. In contrast, within the hippocampus tissue resected from the epilepsy patient, none of the 2,000 dentate gyrus neurons analyzed was positive for 15N-thymidine uptake, consistent with the notion that the rate of neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus is rather low. Of note, the likelihood of detecting neurogenesis was reduced because of (i) the low number of cells analyzed, (ii) the fact that hippocampal tissue was explored that may have had reduced neurogenesis due to epilepsy, and (iii) the labeling period of 24 h which may have been too short to capture quiescent neural stem cells. Yet, overall, our approach to enrich NeuN-labeled neuronal nuclei by FACS prior to MIMS analysis provides a promising strategy to quantify even low rates of neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus after in vivo15N-thymidine infusion. From a general point of view and regarding future perspectives, the in vivo labeling of humans with 15N-thymidine followed by MIMS analysis of brain tissue constitutes a novel approach to study mitotically active cells and their progeny in the brain, and thus allows a broad spectrum of studies of brain physiology and pathology, including microcephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian S Roeder
- Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisa A Bonnin
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Excellence Cluster Multiscale Bioimaging, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UAR2016, Inserm US-43, Multimodal Imaging Center, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UAR2016, Inserm US-43, Multimodal Imaging Center, Paris, France
| | - Samir Jabari
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brandner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ilker Y Eyüpoglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Hajo M Hamer
- Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan T Gerner
- Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Rummel
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Elisabet Englund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Tobias Borst
- Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anton B Tonchev
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Stem Cell Biology Research Institute, Medical University Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Karl Roessler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Schwab
- Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olaf Bergmann
- Center for Regenerative Therapies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silvio O Rizzoli
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Excellence Cluster Multiscale Bioimaging, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hagen B Huttner
- Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
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Goodarzi S, Prunet A, Rossetti F, Bort G, Tillement O, Porcel E, Lacombe S, Wu TD, Guerquin-Kern JL, Delanoë-Ayari H, Lux F, Rivière C. Correction: Quantifying nanotherapeutic penetration using a hydrogel-based microsystem as a new 3D in vitro platform. Lab Chip 2022; 22:652-653. [PMID: 34918015 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc90127c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Correction for 'Quantifying nanotherapeutic penetration using a hydrogel-based microsystem as a new 3D in vitro platform' by Saba Goodarzi et al., Lab Chip, 2021, 21, 2495-2510, DOI: 10.1039/D1LC00192B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Goodarzi
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Audrey Prunet
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Fabien Rossetti
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Guillaume Bort
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Olivier Tillement
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Erika Porcel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Sandrine Lacombe
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Inserm, Centre d'Imagerie Multimodale, 91401, Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Inserm, Centre d'Imagerie Multimodale, 91401, Orsay, France
| | - Hélène Delanoë-Ayari
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - François Lux
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France
| | - Charlotte Rivière
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France
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Thomas F, Le Duff N, Wu TD, Cébron A, Uroz S, Riera P, Leroux C, Tanguy G, Legeay E, Guerquin-Kern JL. Isotopic tracing reveals single-cell assimilation of a macroalgal polysaccharide by a few marine Flavobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. ISME J 2021; 15:3062-3075. [PMID: 33953365 PMCID: PMC8443679 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-00987-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Algal polysaccharides constitute a diverse and abundant reservoir of organic matter for marine heterotrophic bacteria, central to the oceanic carbon cycle. We investigated the uptake of alginate, a major brown macroalgal polysaccharide, by microbial communities from kelp-dominated coastal habitats. Congruent with cell growth and rapid substrate utilization, alginate amendments induced a decrease in bacterial diversity and a marked compositional shift towards copiotrophic bacteria. We traced 13C derived from alginate into specific bacterial incorporators and quantified the uptake activity at the single-cell level, using halogen in situ hybridization coupled to nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (HISH-SIMS) and DNA stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP). Cell-specific alginate uptake was observed for Gammaproteobacteria and Flavobacteriales, with carbon assimilation rates ranging from 0.14 to 27.50 fg C µm-3 h-1. DNA-SIP revealed that only a few initially rare Flavobacteriaceae and Alteromonadales taxa incorporated 13C from alginate into their biomass, accounting for most of the carbon assimilation based on bulk isotopic measurements. Functional screening of metagenomic libraries gave insights into the genes of alginolytic Alteromonadales active in situ. These results highlight the high degree of niche specialization in heterotrophic communities and help constraining the quantitative role of polysaccharide-degrading bacteria in coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Thomas
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France.
| | - Nolwen Le Duff
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Institut Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM US43, CNRS UMS2016, Multimodal Imaging Center, Orsay, France
| | | | - Stéphane Uroz
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR1136 « Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes », Champenoux, France
| | - Pascal Riera
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Cédric Leroux
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, FR2424, Metabomer, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Gwenn Tanguy
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, FR2424, Genomer, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Erwan Legeay
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, FR2424, Genomer, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Institut Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM US43, CNRS UMS2016, Multimodal Imaging Center, Orsay, France
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Goodarzi S, Prunet A, Rossetti F, Bort G, Tillement O, Porcel E, Lacombe S, Wu TD, Guerquin-Kern JL, Delanoë-Ayari H, Lux F, Rivière C. Quantifying nanotherapeutic penetration using a hydrogel-based microsystem as a new 3D in vitro platform. Lab Chip 2021; 21:2495-2510. [PMID: 34110341 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00192b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The huge gap between 2D in vitro assays used for drug screening and the in vivo 3D physiological environment hampered reliable predictions for the route and accumulation of nanotherapeutics in vivo. For such nanotherapeutics, multi-cellular tumour spheroids (MCTS) are emerging as a good alternative in vitro model. However, the classical approaches to produce MCTS suffer from low yield, slow process, difficulties in MCTS manipulation and compatibility with high-magnification fluorescence optical microscopy. On the other hand, spheroid-on-chip set-ups developed so far require a practical knowledge of microfluidics difficult to transfer to a cell biology laboratory. We present here a simple yet highly flexible 3D model microsystem consisting of agarose-based microwells. Fully compatible with the multi-well plate format conventionally used in cell biology, our simple process enables the formation of hundreds of reproducible spheroids in a single pipetting. Immunostaining and fluorescence imaging including live high-resolution optical microscopy can be performed in situ, with no manipulation of spheroids. As a proof of principle of the relevance of such an in vitro platform for nanotherapeutic evaluation, this study investigates the kinetics and localisation of nanoparticles within colorectal cancer MCTS cells (HCT-116). The nanoparticles chosen are sub-5 nm ultrasmall nanoparticles made of polysiloxane and gadolinium chelates that can be visualized in MRI (AGuIX®, currently implicated in clinical trials as effective radiosensitizers for radiotherapy) and confocal microscopy after addition of Cy5.5. We show that the amount of AGuIX® nanoparticles within cells is largely different in 2D and 3D. Using our flexible agarose-based microsystems, we are able to resolve spatially and temporally the penetration and distribution of AGuIX® nanoparticles within MCTS. The nanoparticles are first found in both extracellular and intracellular space of MCTS. While the extracellular part is washed away after a few days, we evidenced intracellular localisation of AGuIX®, mainly within the lysosomal compartment, but also occasionally within mitochondria. Hence, our agarose-based microsystem appears as a promising 3D in vitro user-friendly platform for investigation of nanotherapeutic transport, ahead of in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Goodarzi
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Audrey Prunet
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Fabien Rossetti
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Guillaume Bort
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Olivier Tillement
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Erika Porcel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Sandrine Lacombe
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Paris, France and Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Inserm, Centre d'Imagerie Multimodale, 91401, Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Paris, France and Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Inserm, Centre d'Imagerie Multimodale, 91401, Orsay, France
| | - Hélène Delanoë-Ayari
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - François Lux
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. and Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France
| | - Charlotte Rivière
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. and Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France
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Lebeau D, Leroy N, Doizi D, Wu TD, Guerquin-Kern JL, Perrin L, Ortega R, Voiseux C, Fournier JB, Potin P, Fiévet B, Leblanc C. Mass spectrometry - based imaging techniques for iodine-127 and iodine-129 detection and localization in the brown alga Laminaria digitata. J Environ Radioact 2021; 231:106552. [PMID: 33631504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
129I is one of the main radioisotopes of iodine derived from the nuclear fuel cycle that can be found sustainably in the environment due to its long half-life. In coastal marine environment, brown macroalgae, such laminariales (or kelps), are known to naturally feature highest rates of iodine accumulation, and to be an important source of biogenic volatile iodinated compounds released to the atmosphere. These seaweeds are therefore likely to be significantly marked by but also potential vectors of radioactive iodine. In order to better understand the chemical and isotopic speciation of iodine in brown algal tissues, we combined mass spectrometry-based imaging approaches in natural samples of Laminaria digitata young sporophytes, collected at two different locations along the south coast of the English Channel (Roscoff and Goury). Laser desorption ionization (LDI) and desorption electrospray-ionization techniques (DESI), coupled with mass spectrometry, confirmed the predominance of inorganic I- species on the surface of fresh algae, and a peripheral iodine localization when applied on micro-sections. Moreover, radioactive isotope 129I was not detected on plantlet surface or in stipe sections of algal samples collected near Roscoff but was detected in L. digitata samples collected at Goury, near La Hague, where controlled liquid radioactive discharges from the ORANO La Hague reprocessing plant occur. At the subcellular scale, cryo-fixed micro-sections of algal blade samples from both sites were further analyzed by secondary ion mass spectrometry (nano-SIMS), leading to similar results. Even if the signal detected for 129I was much weaker than for 127I in samples from Goury, the chemical imaging revealed some differences in extracellular distribution between radioactive and stable iodine isotopes. Altogether LDI and nano-SIMS are complementary and powerful techniques for the detection and localization of iodine isotopes in algal samples, and for a better understanding of radioactive and stable iodine uptake mechanisms in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Lebeau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service d'Etude du Comportement des Radionucléides, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nathalie Leroy
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service d'Etude du Comportement des Radionucléides, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Denis Doizi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service d'Etude du Comportement des Radionucléides, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMS 2016, INSERM US43, Multimodal Imaging Center, Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMS 2016, INSERM US43, Multimodal Imaging Center, Orsay, France
| | - Laura Perrin
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CENBG, UMR 5797, Gradignan, France
| | - Richard Ortega
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CENBG, UMR 5797, Gradignan, France
| | - Claire Voiseux
- IRSN/PSE-ENV/SRTE, Laboratoire de Radioécologie de Cherbourg-Octeville, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Fournier
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Philippe Potin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Bruno Fiévet
- IRSN/PSE-ENV/SRTE, Laboratoire de Radioécologie de Cherbourg-Octeville, France.
| | - Catherine Leblanc
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France.
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7
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Salado-Leza D, Porcel E, Yang X, Štefančíková L, Bolsa-Ferruz M, Savina F, Dragoe D, Guerquin-Kern JL, Wu TD, Hirayama R, Remita H, Lacombe S. Green One-Step Synthesis of Medical Nanoagents for Advanced Radiation Therapy. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2020; 13:61-76. [PMID: 32848371 PMCID: PMC7426062 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s257392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Metal-based nanoparticles (M-NPs) have attracted great attention in nanomedicine due to their capacity to amplify and improve the tumor targeting of medical beams. However, their simple, efficient, high-yield and reproducible production remains a challenge. Currently, M-NPs are mainly synthesized by chemical methods or radiolysis using toxic reactants. The waste of time, loss of material and potential environmental hazards are major limitations. MATERIALS AND METHODS This work proposes a simple, fast and green strategy to synthesize small, non-toxic and stable NPs in water with a 100% production rate. Ionizing radiation is used to simultaneously synthesize and sterilize the containing NPs solutions. The synthesis of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) coated with biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol) ligands (PEG) is presented as proof of concept. The physicochemical properties of NPs were studied by complementary specialized techniques. Their toxicity and radio-enhancing properties were evaluated in a cancerous in vitro model. Using plasmid nanoprobes, we investigated the elementary mechanisms underpinning radio-enhancement. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Pt NPs showed nearly spherical-like shapes and an average hydrodynamic diameter of 9 nm. NPs are zero-valent platinum successfully coated with PEG. They were found non-toxic and have the singular property of amplifying cell killing induced by γ-rays (14%) and even more, the effects of carbon ions (44%) used in particle therapy. They induce nanosized-molecular damage, which is a major finding to potentially implement this protocol in treatment planning simulations. CONCLUSION This new eco-friendly, fast and simple proposed method opens a new era of engineering water-soluble biocompatible NPs and boosts the development of NP-aided radiation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Salado-Leza
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8214, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
- Cátedra CONACyT, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, 78210 San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Erika Porcel
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8214, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Xiaomin Yang
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8214, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Lenka Štefančíková
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8214, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Marta Bolsa-Ferruz
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8214, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Farah Savina
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8214, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Diana Dragoe
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8182, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Paris-Saclay University, Multimodal Imaging Center (UMS 2016/US 43) CNRS, INSERM, Institut Curie, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Paris-Saclay University, Multimodal Imaging Center (UMS 2016/US 43) CNRS, INSERM, Institut Curie, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Ryoichi Hirayama
- Department of Charged Particle Therapy Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 263-8555 Chiba, Japan
| | - Hynd Remita
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8000, Institut de Chimie Physique, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Sandrine Lacombe
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8214, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
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8
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Mathieu E, Bernard AS, Ching HYV, Somogyi A, Medjoubi K, Fores JR, Bertrand HC, Vincent A, Trépout S, Guerquin-Kern JL, Scheitler A, Ivanović-Burmazović I, Seksik P, Delsuc N, Policar C. Anti-inflammatory activity of superoxide dismutase mimics functionalized with cell-penetrating peptides. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2323-2330. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04619d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A superoxide dismutase mimic was functionalized with three peptides: -R9, -RRWWRRWRR or -Fx-r-Fx-K (MPP). They were studied in intestinal epithelial cells in an inorganic cellular chemistry approach: quantification, distribution and bio-activity.
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9
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Vujic A, Lerchenmüller C, Wu TD, Guillermier C, Rabolli CP, Gonzalez E, Senyo SE, Liu X, Guerquin-Kern JL, Steinhauser ML, Lee RT, Rosenzweig A. Exercise induces new cardiomyocyte generation in the adult mammalian heart. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1659. [PMID: 29695718 PMCID: PMC5916892 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of cardiomyocytes is a major cause of heart failure, and while the adult heart has a limited capacity for cardiomyogenesis, little is known about what regulates this ability or whether it can be effectively harnessed. Here we show that 8 weeks of running exercise increase birth of new cardiomyocytes in adult mice (~4.6-fold). New cardiomyocytes are identified based on incorporation of 15N-thymidine by multi-isotope imaging mass spectrometry (MIMS) and on being mononucleate/diploid. Furthermore, we demonstrate that exercise after myocardial infarction induces a robust cardiomyogenic response in an extended border zone of the infarcted area. Inhibition of miR-222, a microRNA increased by exercise in both animal models and humans, completely blocks the cardiomyogenic exercise response. These findings demonstrate that cardiomyogenesis can be activated by exercise in the normal and injured adult mouse heart and suggest that stimulation of endogenous cardiomyocyte generation could contribute to the benefits of exercise. The adult mammalian heart has a limited cardiomyogenic capacity. Here the authors show that intensive exercise leads to a 4.6-fold increase in murine cardiomyocyte proliferation requiring the expression of miR-222, and that exercise induces an extended cardiomyogenic response in the murine heart after infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vujic
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Carolin Lerchenmüller
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiology Division and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U1196, 91405, Orsay, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, UMR 9187, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Christelle Guillermier
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Center for NanoImaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Charles P Rabolli
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiology Division and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Emilia Gonzalez
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Samuel E Senyo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiology Division and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U1196, 91405, Orsay, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, UMR 9187, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Matthew L Steinhauser
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Center for NanoImaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard T Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiology Division and Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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10
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Rbah-Vidal L, Vidal A, Billaud EMF, Besse S, Ranchon-Cole I, Mishellany F, Perrot Y, Maigne L, Moins N, Guerquin-Kern JL, Degoul F, Chezal JM, Auzeloux P, Miot-Noirault E. Theranostic Approach for Metastatic Pigmented Melanoma Using ICF15002, a Multimodal Radiotracer for Both PET Imaging and Targeted Radionuclide Therapy. Neoplasia 2016; 19:17-27. [PMID: 27987437 PMCID: PMC5157796 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: This work reports, in melanoma models, the theranostic potential of ICF15002 as a single fluorinated and iodinated melanin-targeting compound. METHODS: Studies were conducted in the murine syngeneic B16BL6 model and in the A375 and SK-MEL-3 human xenografts. ICF15002 was radiolabeled with fluorine-18 for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and biodistribution, with iodine-125 for metabolism study, and iodine-131 for targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). TRT efficacy was assessed by tumor volume measurement, with mechanistics and dosimetry parameters being determined in the B16BL6 model. Intracellular localization of ICF15002 was characterized by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). RESULTS: PET imaging with [18F]ICF15002 evidenced tumoral uptake of 14.33 ± 2.11%ID/g and 4.87 ± 0.93%ID/g in pigmented B16BL6 and SK-MEL-3 models, respectively, at 1 hour post inoculation. No accumulation was observed in the unpigmented A375 melanoma. SIMS demonstrated colocalization of ICF15002 signal with melanin polymers in melanosomes of the B16BL6 tumors. TRT with two doses of 20 MBq [131I]ICF15002 delivered an absorbed dose of 102.3 Gy to B16BL6 tumors, leading to a significant tumor growth inhibition [doubling time (DT) of 2.9 ± 0.5 days in treated vs 1.8 ± 0.3 in controls] and a prolonged median survival (27 days vs 21 in controls). P53S15 phosphorylation and P21 induction were associated with a G2/M blockage, suggesting mitotic catastrophe. In the human SK-MEL-3 model, three doses of 25 MBq led also to a DT increase (26.5 ± 7.8 days vs 11.0 ± 3.8 in controls) and improved median survival (111 days vs 74 in controls). CONCLUSION: Results demonstrate that ICF15002 fulfills suitable properties for bimodal imaging/TRT management of patients with pigmented melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Rbah-Vidal
- UMR 990 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, F-63005 Clermont-Ferrand, France; UMR 892 INSERM/6299 CNRS/Université de Nantes, F-44007 Nantes, France
| | - Aurélien Vidal
- UMR 990 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, F-63005 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Arronax, CS 10112, F-44817 Saint Herblain Cedex, France
| | | | - Sophie Besse
- UMR 990 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, F-63005 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Isabelle Ranchon-Cole
- UMR 1107 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Equipe Biophysique Neurosensorielle, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Mishellany
- Centre Jean Perrin, Laboratoire d'anatomo-pathologie, F-63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yann Perrot
- CNRS/IN2P3/Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lydia Maigne
- CNRS/IN2P3/Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicole Moins
- UMR 990 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, F-63005 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Françoise Degoul
- UMR 990 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, F-63005 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Philippe Auzeloux
- UMR 990 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, F-63005 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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11
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Alkass K, Panula J, Westman M, Wu TD, Guerquin-Kern JL, Bergmann O. No Evidence for Cardiomyocyte Number Expansion in Preadolescent Mice. Cell 2016; 163:1026-36. [PMID: 26544945 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The magnitude of cardiomyocyte generation in the adult heart has been heavily debated. A recent report suggests that during mouse preadolescence, cardiomyocyte proliferation leads to a 40% increase in the number of cardiomyocytes. Such an expansion would change our understanding of heart growth and have far-reaching implications for cardiac regeneration. Here, using design-based stereology, we found that cardiomyocyte proliferation accounted for 30% of postnatal DNA synthesis; however, we were unable to detect any changes in cardiomyocyte number after postnatal day 11. (15)N-thymidine and BrdU analyses provided no evidence for a proliferative peak in preadolescent mice. By contrast, cardiomyocyte multinucleation comprises 57% of postnatal DNA synthesis, followed by cardiomyocyte nuclear polyploidisation, contributing with 13% to DNA synthesis within the second and third postnatal weeks. We conclude that the majority of cardiomyocytes is set within the first postnatal week and that this event is followed by two waves of non-replicative DNA synthesis. This Matters Arising paper is in response to Naqvi et al. (2014), published in Cell. See also the associated Correspondence by Soonpaa et al. (2015), and the response by Naqvi et al. (2015), published in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanar Alkass
- Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Forensic Medicine, The National Board of Forensic Medicine, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joni Panula
- Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Westman
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, F-91405 Orsay, France; INSERM, U1196; CNRS, UMR9187, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, F-91405 Orsay, France; INSERM, U1196; CNRS, UMR9187, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Olaf Bergmann
- Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Bounedjah O, Desforges B, Wu TD, Pioche-Durieu C, Marco S, Hamon L, Curmi PA, Guerquin-Kern JL, Piétrement O, Pastré D. Free mRNA in excess upon polysome dissociation is a scaffold for protein multimerization to form stress granules. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:8678-91. [PMID: 25013173 PMCID: PMC4117795 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The sequence of events leading to stress granule assembly in stressed cells remains elusive. We show here, using isotope labeling and ion microprobe, that proportionally more RNA than proteins are present in stress granules than in surrounding cytoplasm. We further demonstrate that the delivery of single strand polynucleotides, mRNA and ssDNA, to the cytoplasm can trigger stress granule assembly. On the other hand, increasing the cytoplasmic level of mRNA-binding proteins like YB-1 can directly prevent the aggregation of mRNA by forming isolated mRNPs, as evidenced by atomic force microscopy. Interestingly, we also discovered that enucleated cells do form stress granules, demonstrating that the translocation to the cytoplasm of nuclear prion-like RNA-binding proteins like TIA-1 is dispensable for stress granule assembly. The results lead to an alternative view on stress granule formation based on the following sequence of events: after the massive dissociation of polysomes during stress, mRNA-stabilizing proteins like YB-1 are outnumbered by the burst of nonpolysomal mRNA. mRNA freed of ribosomes thus becomes accessible to mRNA-binding aggregation-prone proteins or misfolded proteins, which induces stress granule formation. Within the frame of this model, the shuttling of nuclear mRNA-stabilizing proteins to the cytoplasm could dissociate stress granules or prevent their assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouissame Bounedjah
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR829; Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry 91025, France
| | - Bénédicte Desforges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR829; Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry 91025, France
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Institut Curie, INSERM, U759, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Catherine Pioche-Durieu
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8126; University of Paris Sud, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Sergio Marco
- Institut Curie, INSERM, U759, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Loic Hamon
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR829; Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry 91025, France
| | - Patrick A Curmi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR829; Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry 91025, France
| | | | - Olivier Piétrement
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8126; University of Paris Sud, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - David Pastré
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR829; Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry 91025, France
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13
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Slodzian G, Wu TD, Bardin N, Duprat J, Engrand C, Guerquin-Kern JL. Simultaneous hydrogen and heavier element isotopic ratio images with a scanning submicron ion probe and mass resolved polyatomic ions. Microsc Microanal 2014; 20:577-581. [PMID: 24548344 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927613014074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In situ microanalysis of solid samples is often performed using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) with a submicron ion probe. The destructive nature of the method makes it mandatory to prevent information loss by using instruments combining efficient collection of secondary ions and a mass spectrometer with parallel detection capabilities. The NanoSIMS meets those requirements with a magnetic spectrometer but its mass selectivity has to be improved for accessing opportunities expected from polyatomic secondary ions. We show here that it is possible to perform D/H ratio measurement images using 12CD-/12CH-, 16OD-/16OH-, or 12C2D-/12C2H- ratios. These polyatomic species allow simultaneous recording of D/H ratios and isotopic compositions of heavier elements like 15N/14N (via 12C15N-/12C14N-) and they provide a powerful tool to select the phase of interest (e.g., mineral versus organics). We present high mass resolution spectra and an example of isotopic imaging where D/H ratios were obtained via the 12C2D-/12C2H- ratio with 12C2D- free from neighboring mass interferences. Using an advanced mass resolution protocol, a "conventional" mass resolving power of 25,000 can be achieved. Those results open many perspectives for isotopic imaging at a fine scale in biology, material science, geochemistry, and cosmochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Slodzian
- 1 Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- 2 Institut Curie, Laboratoire de Microscopie Ionique, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Noémie Bardin
- 1 Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Jean Duprat
- 1 Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Cécile Engrand
- 1 Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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14
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Liang B, Wu TD, Sun HJ, Vali H, Guerquin-Kern JL, Wang CH, Bosak T. Cyanophycin mediates the accumulation and storage of fixed carbon in non-heterocystous filamentous cyanobacteria from coniform mats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88142. [PMID: 24516596 PMCID: PMC3917874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin, filamentous, non-heterocystous, benthic cyanobacteria (Subsection III) from some marine, lacustrine and thermal environments aggregate into macroscopic cones and conical stromatolites. We investigate the uptake and storage of inorganic carbon by cone-forming cyanobacteria from Yellowstone National Park using high-resolution stable isotope mapping of labeled carbon (H(13)CO3 (-)) and immunoassays. Observations and incubation experiments in actively photosynthesizing enrichment cultures and field samples reveal the presence of abundant cyanophycin granules in the active growth layer of cones. These ultrastructurally heterogeneous granules rapidly accumulate newly fixed carbon and store 18% of the total particulate labeled carbon after 120 mins of incubation. The intracellular distribution of labeled carbon during the incubation experiment demonstrates an unexpectedly large contribution of PEP carboxylase to carbon fixation, and a large flow of carbon and nitrogen toward cyanophycin in thin filamentous, non-heterocystous cyanobacteria. This pattern does not occur in obvious response to a changing N or C status. Instead, it may suggest an unusual interplay between the regulation of carbon concentration mechanisms and accumulation of photorespiratory products that facilitates uptake of inorganic C and reduces photorespiration in the dense, surface-attached communities of cyanobacteria from Subsection III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqing Liang
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Earth Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- INSERM, U759, Orsay, France
- Institut Curie, Laboratoire de Microscopie Ionique, Orsay, France
| | - Hao-Jhe Sun
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hojatollah Vali
- Facility for Electron Microscopy Research, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- INSERM, U759, Orsay, France
- Institut Curie, Laboratoire de Microscopie Ionique, Orsay, France
| | - Chung-Ho Wang
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tanja Bosak
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
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15
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Limam RD, Chouari R, Mazéas L, Wu TD, Li T, Grossin-Debattista J, Guerquin-Kern JL, Saidi M, Landoulsi A, Sghir A, Bouchez T. Members of the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1 are implicated in anaerobic digestion of cellulose. Microbiologyopen 2014; 3:157-67. [PMID: 24497501 PMCID: PMC3996565 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester. In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene-based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used. Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with 13C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair. The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our 13C-cellulose incubations. Secondary ion mass spectrometry–in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division. The 13C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Driss Limam
- Irstea, UR HBAN, 1 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes CS 10030, F-92761, Antony Cedex, France; CEA/Genoscope CNS 2, rue Gaston Crémieux, Evry, 91000, France; University of Evry-Val d'Essonne, Evry, 91057, France; UR04CNSTN01 "Medical and Agricultural Applications of Nuclear Techniques", CNSTN, Sidi Thabet, Ariana, 2020, Tunisia; Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, 03/UR/0902, Bizerte, Tunisia
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16
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Gouzy A, Larrouy-Maumus G, Bottai D, Levillain F, Dumas A, Wallach JB, Caire-Brandli I, de Chastellier C, Wu TD, Poincloux R, Brosch R, Guerquin-Kern JL, Schnappinger D, Sório de Carvalho LP, Poquet Y, Neyrolles O. Mycobacterium tuberculosis exploits asparagine to assimilate nitrogen and resist acid stress during infection. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1003928. [PMID: 24586151 PMCID: PMC3930563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular pathogen. Within macrophages, M. tuberculosis thrives in a specialized membrane-bound vacuole, the phagosome, whose pH is slightly acidic, and where access to nutrients is limited. Understanding how the bacillus extracts and incorporates nutrients from its host may help develop novel strategies to combat tuberculosis. Here we show that M. tuberculosis employs the asparagine transporter AnsP2 and the secreted asparaginase AnsA to assimilate nitrogen and resist acid stress through asparagine hydrolysis and ammonia release. While the role of AnsP2 is partially spared by yet to be identified transporter(s), that of AnsA is crucial in both phagosome acidification arrest and intracellular replication, as an M. tuberculosis mutant lacking this asparaginase is ultimately attenuated in macrophages and in mice. Our study provides yet another example of the intimate link between physiology and virulence in the tubercle bacillus, and identifies a novel pathway to be targeted for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Gouzy
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
| | - Gérald Larrouy-Maumus
- Mycobacterial Research Division, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daria Bottai
- Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale e delle Nuove Tecnologie in Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Florence Levillain
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexia Dumas
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
| | - Joshua B. Wallach
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Irène Caire-Brandli
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Inserm UMR 1104, CNRS UMR 7280, Aix-Marseille University UM 2, Marseille, France
| | - Chantal de Chastellier
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Inserm UMR 1104, CNRS UMR 7280, Aix-Marseille University UM 2, Marseille, France
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- Institut Curie, Laboratoire de Microscopie Ionique, Orsay, France
- INSERM U759, Orsay, France
| | - Renaud Poincloux
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
| | - Roland Brosch
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pathogénomique Mycobactérienne Intégrée, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Institut Curie, Laboratoire de Microscopie Ionique, Orsay, France
- INSERM U759, Orsay, France
| | - Dirk Schnappinger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Yannick Poquet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Neyrolles
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
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Chapleur O, Wu TD, Guerquin-Kern JL, Mazéas L, Bouchez T. SIMSISH technique does not alter the apparent isotopic composition of bacterial cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77522. [PMID: 24204855 PMCID: PMC3812282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to identify the function of uncultured microorganisms in their environment, the SIMSISH method, combining in situ hybridization (ISH) and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) imaging, has been proposed to determine the quantitative uptake of specific labelled substrates by uncultured microbes at the single cell level. This technique requires the hybridization of rRNA targeted halogenated DNA probes on fixed and permeabilized microorganisms. Exogenous atoms are introduced into cells and endogenous atoms removed during the experimental procedures. Consequently differences between the original and the apparent isotopic composition of cells may occur. In the present study, the influence of the experimental procedures of SIMSISH on the isotopic composition of carbon in E. coli cells was evaluated with nanoSIMS and compared to elemental analyser-isotopic ratio mass spectrometer (EA-IRMS) measurements. Our results show that fixation and hybridization have a very limited, reproducible and homogeneous influence on the isotopic composition of cells. Thereby, the SIMSISH procedure minimizes the contamination of the sample by exogenous atoms, thus providing a means to detect the phylogenetic identity and to measure precisely the carbon isotopic composition at the single cell level. This technique was successfully applied to a complex sample with double bromine – iodine labelling targeting a large group of bacteria and a specific archaea to evaluate their specific 13C uptake during labelled methanol anaerobic degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting-Di Wu
- U.759, INSERM, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire de Microscopie Ionique, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- U.759, INSERM, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire de Microscopie Ionique, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
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Song W, Zukor H, Lin SH, Liberman A, Tavitian A, Mui J, Vali H, Fillebeen C, Pantopoulos K, Wu TD, Guerquin-Kern JL, Schipper HM. Unregulated brain iron deposition in transgenic mice over-expressing HMOX1 in the astrocytic compartment. J Neurochem 2012; 123:325-36. [PMID: 22881289 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07914.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms responsible for pathological iron deposition in the aging and degenerating mammalian CNS remain poorly understood. The stress protein, HO-1 mediates the degradation of cellular heme to biliverdin/bilirubin, free iron, and CO and is up-regulated in the brains of persons with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. HO-1 induction in primary astroglial cultures promotes deposition of non-transferrin iron, mitochondrial damage and macroautophagy, and predisposes cocultured neuronal elements to oxidative injury. To gain a better appreciation of the role of glial HO-1 in vivo, we probed for aberrant brain iron deposition using Perls' method and dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry in novel, conditional GFAP.HMOX1 transgenic mice that selectively over-express human HO-1 in the astrocytic compartment. At 48 weeks, the GFAP.HMOX1 mice exhibited increased deposits of glial iron in hippocampus and other subcortical regions without overt changes in iron-regulatory and iron-binding proteins relative to age-matched wild-type animals. Dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed abundant FeO⁻ signals in the transgenic, but not wild-type, mouse brain that colocalized to degenerate mitochondria and osmiophilic cytoplasmic inclusions (macroautophagy) documented by TEM. Sustained up-regulation of HO-1 in astrocytes promotes pathological brain iron deposition and oxidative mitochondrial damage characteristic of Alzheimer's disease-affected neural tissues. Curtailment of glial HO-1 hyperactivity may limit iron-mediated cytotoxicity in aging and degenerating neural tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Wolkow N, Song Y, Wu TD, Qian J, Guerquin-Kern JL, Dunaief JL. Aceruloplasminemia: retinal histopathologic manifestations and iron-mediated melanosome degradation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 129:1466-74. [PMID: 22084216 DOI: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the retinal histopathologic manifestation of aceruloplasminemia, an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutation of the ferroxidase ceruloplasmin, resulting in tissue iron overload. METHODS The morphologic features of the human aceruloplasminemic retina were studied with light and electron microscopy. Retinal iron accumulation was assessed with Perls Prussian blue staining, immunohistochemistry, and secondary ion mass spectrometry. RESULTS Light and electron microscopic analysis revealed several ocular pathologic findings that resembled age-related macular degeneration, including retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) depigmentation, atrophy and hypertrophy, nodular and diffuse drusen, and lipofuscin and melanolipofuscin granules. Complement deposition was detected in drusen. The RPE cells and neural retina had increased levels of iron. Two major types of RPE cells were observed: melanosome rich and melanosome poor. Melanosome-rich cells had increased levels of iron and melanolipofuscin. The melanolipofuscin granules were observed in large aggregates, where some of the melanosomes were degrading. Melanosome-poor cells lacked melanosomes, melanolipofuscin, and lipofuscin but contained electron-dense aggregates high in iron, phosphorus, and sulfur. CONCLUSIONS The findings in the aceruloplasminemic retina resemble some of those found in age-related macular degeneration. Also, they suggest that melanosomes in the RPE can be degraded via iron-mediated reactive oxygen species production. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Mechanisms underlying the pathologic mechanisms found in aceruloplasminemia also may be important in age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Wolkow
- F. M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
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Peixoto P, Zeghida W, Carrez D, Wu TD, Wattez N, Croisy A, Demeunynck M, Guerquin-Kern JL, Lansiaux A. Unusual cellular uptake of cytotoxic 4-hydroxymethyl-3-aminoacridine. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44:4758-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2008] [Revised: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bonnet-Duquennoy M, Papon J, Mishellany F, Labarre P, Guerquin-Kern JL, Wu TD, Gardette M, Maublant J, Penault-Llorca F, Miot-Noirault E, Cayre A, Madelmont JC, Chezal JM, Moins N. Targeted radionuclide therapy of melanoma: anti-tumoural efficacy studies of a new 131I labelled potential agent. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:708-16. [PMID: 19437532 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been dramatic worldwide increase in incidence of malignant melanoma. Although localised disease is often curable by surgical excision, metastatic melanoma is inherently resistant to most treatments. In this context, targeted radionuclide therapy could be an efficient alternative. After pharmacomodulation study, we selected a quinoxaline derivative molecule (ICF01012) for its high, specific and long-lasting uptake in melanoma with rapid clearance from nontarget organs providing suitable dosimetry parameters for targeted radiotherapy. Aim of this study was to investigate, in vivo, efficacy of [(131)I]ICF01012 on nonmetastatic B16F0, metastatic B16Bl6 or human M4Beu melanoma tumours. First, colocalisation of ICF01012 with melanin by SIMS imaging was observed. Second, we showed that treatment drastically inhibited growth of B16F0, B16Bl6 and M4beu tumours whereas [(131)I]NaI or unlabelled ICF01012 treatment was without significant effect. Histological analysis and measure of PCNA proliferation marker expression showed that residual B16 tumour cells exhibit a significant loss of aggressiveness after treatment. This effect is associated with a lengthening of the treated-mice survival time. Moreover, with B16Bl6 model, 55% of the untreated mice had lung metastases whereas no metastasis was counted on treated group. Our data demonstrated a strong anti-tumoural effect of [(131)I]ICF01012 for radionuclide therapy on murine and human in vivo pigmented melanoma models, whatever their dissemination profiles and their melanin content be. Further studies will attempt to optimise therapy protocol by increasing the balance between the anti-tumoural effect and the safety on non-target organs.
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Zukor H, Song W, Liberman A, Mui J, Vali H, Fillebeen C, Pantopoulos K, Wu TD, Guerquin-Kern JL, Schipper HM. HO-1-mediated macroautophagy: a mechanism for unregulated iron deposition in aging and degenerating neural tissues. J Neurochem 2009; 109:776-91. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis W Ballardie
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Nephrology, University of Manchester and Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK.
| | - Richard Cowley
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Nephrology, University of Manchester and Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| | - Alan Cox
- Centre for Analytical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alan Curry
- Department of Pathology, University of Manchester and Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| | - Helen Denley
- Department of Pathology, University of Manchester and Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| | - John Denton
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Manchester and Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| | - Jeremy Dick
- Department of Neurosciences, Hope Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Anthony Redmond
- Department of Undergraduate Medical Education, Hope Hospital, Manchester, UK
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Labarre P, Papon J, Rose AH, Guerquin-Kern JL, Morandeau L, Wu TD, Moreau MF, Bayle M, Chezal JM, Croisy A, Madelmont JC, Turner H, Moins N. Melanoma affinity in mice and immunosuppressed sheep of [125I]N-(4-dipropylaminobutyl)-4-iodobenzamide, a new targeting agent. Nucl Med Biol 2008; 35:783-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2008.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Revised: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Azari F, Vali H, Guerquin-Kern JL, Wu TD, Croisy A, Sears SK, Tabrizian M, McKee MD. Intracellular precipitation of hydroxyapatite mineral and implications for pathologic calcification. J Struct Biol 2008; 162:468-79. [PMID: 18424074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Revised: 03/10/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to physiologic biomineralization occurring in bones, teeth and otoconia in vertebrates, calcification of soft tissues occurs in many pathologic conditions. Although similarities have been noted between the two processes, and despite the important clinical consequences of ectopic calcification, the molecular mechanisms regulating ectopic calcification are poorly understood. Although calcification is mainly extracellular, intracellular calcification has been reported and might indeed contribute to pathologic calcification of soft tissues. To better understand the process of intracellular calcification as a potential origin for pathologic calcification, and to examine the role of proteoglycans in this process, we investigated a pattern of intracellular nucleation and growth of hydroxyapatite in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells using electron microscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy (NanoSIMS), cytochemical staining, immunolabeling and biochemical analysis. We report here that under mineralizing cell culture conditions where beta-glycerophosphate (betaGP) was added as an exogenous organic source of phosphate, betaGP-cleaving alkaline phosphatase activity increased and hydroxyapatite crystals subsequently nucleated within intracellular, membrane-bounded compartments. The small, leucine-rich proteoglycan decorin was also upregulated and associated with mineral in these cultures. Such information provides insight into the mechanisms leading to pathologic calcification and describes a process whereby hydroxyapatite deposition in cells might lead to ectopic calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Azari
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada H3A 2B2
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26
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Verhaeghe EF, Fraysse A, Guerquin-Kern JL, Wu TD, Devès G, Mioskowski C, Leblanc C, Ortega R, Ambroise Y, Potin P. Microchemical imaging of iodine distribution in the brown alga Laminaria digitata suggests a new mechanism for its accumulation. J Biol Inorg Chem 2008; 13:257-69. [PMID: 18008093 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-007-0319-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2007] [Accepted: 11/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Brown algal kelp species are the most efficient iodine accumulators among all living systems, with an average content of 1.0% of dry weight in Laminaria digitata. The iodine distributions in stipe and blade sections from L. digitata were investigated at tissue and subcellular levels. The quantitative tissue mapping of iodine and other trace elements (Cl, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, As and Br) was provided by the proton microprobe with spatial resolutions down to 2 mum. Chemical imaging at a subcellular resolution (below 100 nm) was performed using the secondary ion mass spectrometry microprobe. Sets of samples were prepared by both chemical fixation and cryofixation procedures. The latter prevented the diffusion and the leaching of labile inorganic iodine species, which were estimated at around 95% of the total content by neutron activation analysis. The distribution of iodine clearly shows a huge, decreasing gradient from the meristoderm to the medulla. The contents of iodine reach very high levels in the more external cell layers, up to 191 +/- 5 mg g(-1) of dry weight in stipe sections. The peripheral tissue is consequently the main storage compartment of iodine. At the subcellular level, iodine is mainly stored in the apoplasm and not in an intracellular compartment as previously proposed. This unexpected distribution may provide an abundant and accessible source of labile iodine species which can be easily remobilized for potential chemical defense and antioxidative activities. According to these imaging data, we proposed new hypotheses for the mechanism of iodine storage in L. digitata tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Françoise Verhaeghe
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage, CEA Saclay, Bât. 547, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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27
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Elbast M, Wu TD, Guiraud-Vitaux F, Petiet A, Hindié E, Champion C, Croisy A, Guerquin-Kern JL, Colas-Linhart N. Cinétique intracolloïdale de l'iode dans la thyroïde de rat nouveau-né. Imagerie directe par microscopie ionique analytique. C R Biol 2008; 331:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2007.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2006] [Revised: 10/09/2007] [Accepted: 10/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Elbast M, Wu TD, Guiraud-Vitaux F, Guerquin-Kern JL, Petiet A, Hindie E, Champion C, Croisy A, Colas-Linhart N. Kinetics of intracolloidal iodine in thyroid of iodine-deficient or equilibrated newborn rats. Direct imaging using secondary ion mass spectrometry. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2007; 53 Suppl:OL1018-OL1024. [PMID: 18184480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/11/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The most significant impact of the Chernobyl accident is the increased incidence of thyroid cancers among children. In order to accurately estimate the radiation dose provided by radioiodines, it is important to examine how the distribution of newly incorporated iodine varies with time and if this distribution varies according to the iodine status. The kinetic distribution of intra colloidal newly organified iodine in the rat immature thyroid was recorded and analysed using the ionic nanoprobe NanoSims50. Our observations imply that in case of radioiodine contamination, the energy deposits vary (i) with time, (ii) from one follicle to another, and (iii) from one cell to another inside the same follicle regardless the iodine status. The kinetic heterogeneity of iodine distribution must be take in account in thyroid dose evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elbast
- Biophysique, UFR de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
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Abstract
Identifying the function of uncultured microbes in their environments today remains one of the main challenges for microbial ecologists. In this article, we describe a new method allowing simultaneous analysis of microbial identity and function. This method is based on the visualization of oligonucleotide probe-conferred hybridization signal in single microbial cells and isotopic measurement using high-resolution ion microprobe (NanoSIMS). In order to characterize the potential of the method, an oligonucleotide containing iodized cytidine was hybridized on fixed cells of Escherichia coli cultured on media containing different levels of 13C or 15N. Iodine signals could clearly be localized on targeted cells and the isotopic enrichment could be monitored at the single-cell level. The applicability of this new technique to the study of in situ ecophysiology of uncultured microorganisms within complex microbial communities is illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlun Li
- Cemagref, Unité de Recherche Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés, Parc de Tourvoie, BP 44, 92163 Antony Cedex, France
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Quintana C, Bellefqih S, Laval JY, Guerquin-Kern JL, Wu TD, Avila J, Ferrer I, Arranz R, Patiño C. Study of the localization of iron, ferritin, and hemosiderin in Alzheimer’s disease hippocampus by analytical microscopy at the subcellular level. J Struct Biol 2006; 153:42-54. [PMID: 16364657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2005.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2005] [Revised: 09/19/2005] [Accepted: 11/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies of the structure of core nanocrystals of ferritin (Ft) in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have shown differences in the mineral compound in comparison with physiological Ft. Both Ft cores have a polyphasic composition but whereas the major phase in physiological Ft is hexagonal ferric iron oxide (ferrihydrite), the major phases in brain AD Ft are two cubic mixed ferric-ferrous iron oxides (magnetite and wüstite). One of these (wüstite) is similar to what is detected in hemosiderin (Hm) cores in primary hemochromatosis (Quintana, C., Cowley, J.M, Marhic, C., 2004. Electron nanodiffraction and high resolution electron microscopy studies of the structure and composition of physiological and pathological ferritin. J. Struct. Biol. 147, 166-178). We have studied, herein, the distribution of iron, Ft, and Hm in sections of AD hippocampus using analytical microscopy. Iron present in Ft cores was directly mapped in a nanoSIMS microscope and the iron distribution has been correlated with the constituent elements N, P, and S. Ft and Hm cores were visualized at an ultrastructural level in an analytical transmission electron microscope. In senile plaques, Ft was observed in the coronal region associated with a non-beta-amyloid component and in the periphery of plaques, together with Hm, in sulfur-rich dense bodies of dystrophic neurites. Hm was also found in lysosomes and siderosomes of glial cells. Ft was observed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of oligodendrocytes. Ft was particularly abundant in myelinated axons in association with oligodendrocyte processes. These findings provide new arguments to support the hypothesis of a dysfunction of Ft (with eventual degradation to Hm) in AD resulting in an increase of toxic brain ferrous ions that may contribute to the production of free radicals that induce both cellular oxidative stress and aged-related myelin breakdown associated with cognitive decline and AD (Bartzokis, G., 2004. Age-related myelin breakdown: a developmental model of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging 25, 5-18).
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Guerquin-Kern JL, Wu TD, Quintana C, Croisy A. Progress in analytical imaging of the cell by dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS microscopy). Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2005; 1724:228-38. [PMID: 15982822 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2005.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2005] [Revised: 05/04/2005] [Accepted: 05/09/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the most recent methodological advances in the field of biological imaging using dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). After a short reminder of the basic principle of SIMS imaging, the latest high-resolution dynamic SIMS equipment is briefly described. This new ion nanoprobe (CAMECA NanoSIMS 50) has a lateral resolution of less than 50 nm with primary Cs+ ion, the ability to detect simultaneously 5 different ions from the same micro-volume and a very good transmission even at high mass resolution (60% at M/DeltaM=5000). Basic considerations related to sample preparation, mass resolution and primary ion implantation are given. The decisive capability of this new instrument, and more generally of high-resolution dynamic SIMS imaging in biology, are illustrated with the most recent examples of utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- Laboratoire de Microscopie Ionique, Institut Curie Recherche, Bât 112, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Guerquin-Kern JL, Hillion F, Madelmont JC, Labarre P, Papon J, Croisy A. Ultra-structural cell distribution of the melanoma marker iodobenzamide: improved potentiality of SIMS imaging in life sciences. Biomed Eng Online 2004; 3:10. [PMID: 15068483 PMCID: PMC400750 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925x-3-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2003] [Accepted: 04/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Analytical imaging by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) provides images representative of the distribution of a specific ion within a sample surface. For the last fifteen years, concerted collaborative research to design a new ion microprobe with high technical standards in both mass and lateral resolution as well as in sensitivity has led to the CAMECA NanoSims 50, recently introduced onto the market. This instrument has decisive capabilities, which allow biological applications of SIMS microscopy at a level previously inaccessible. Its potential is illustrated here by the demonstration of the specific affinity of a melanoma marker for melanin. This finding is of great importance for the diagnosis and/or treatment of malignant melanoma, a tumour whose worldwide incidence is continuously growing. Methods The characteristics of the instrument are briefly described and an example of application is given. This example deals with the intracellular localization of an iodo-benzamide used as a diagnostic tool for the scintigraphic detection of melanic cells (e.g. metastasis of malignant melanoma). B16 melanoma cells were injected intravenously to C57BL6/J1/co mice. Multiple B16 melanoma colonies developed in the lungs of treated animals within three weeks. Iodobenzamide was injected intravenously in tumour bearing mice six hours before sacrifice. Small pieces of lung were prepared for SIMS analysis. Results Mouse lung B16 melanoma colonies were observed with high lateral resolution. Cyanide ions gave "histological" images of the cell, representative of the distribution of C and N containing molecules (e.g. proteins, nucleic acids, melanin, etc.) while phosphorus ions are mainly produced by nucleic acids. Iodine was detected only in melanosomes, confirming the specific affinity of the drug for melanin. No drug was found in normal lung tissue. Conclusion This study demonstrates the potential of SIMS microscopy, which allows the study of ultra structural distribution of a drug within a cell. On the basis of our observations, drug internalization via membrane sigma receptors can be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern
- INSERM U-350, laboratoire Raymond Latarjet, Bâtiment 112, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - François Hillion
- CAMECA France, 103 Boulevard Saint Denis, BP 6, 92403 Courbevoie cedex, France
| | - Jean-Claude Madelmont
- INSERM U-484, Centre de recherche INSERM, Rue Montalembert, BP 184, 63005 Clermont Ferrand cedex, France
| | - Pierre Labarre
- INSERM U-484, Centre de recherche INSERM, Rue Montalembert, BP 184, 63005 Clermont Ferrand cedex, France
| | - Janine Papon
- INSERM U-484, Centre de recherche INSERM, Rue Montalembert, BP 184, 63005 Clermont Ferrand cedex, France
| | - Alain Croisy
- INSERM U-350, laboratoire Raymond Latarjet, Bâtiment 112, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay, France
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Bordat C, Guerquin-Kern JL, Lieberherr M, Cournot G. Direct visualization of intracellular calcium in rat osteoblasts by energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy. Histochem Cell Biol 2003; 121:31-8. [PMID: 14673658 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-003-0601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2003] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblasts are the highly specialized bone cells responsible for matrix mineralization. Mineralization is a complex, incompletely understood, process involving intracellular calcium homeostasis. Rapid changes in ionized calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) occur in these cells, but the intracellular distribution of total calcium, which may be involved in matrix mineralization, remains unknown. We have therefore investigated the distribution of total calcium in osteoblasts either ex vivo from rapidly mineralizing neonatal rat bones or in the same cells cultured to confluence before they had entered the mineralization phase, and without stimulation for mineralized matrix formation. All cells were examined bone-untreated (controls) or following the addition of the ionophore ionomycin that induced a large and sustained increase in [Ca(2+)](i). Cryomethods, quick-freezing and freeze-drying, and OsO(4) vapor fixation were employed to preserve the original calcium distribution, and the preservation was verified by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Intracellular calcium distribution was identified by energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EELS). Scarce calcium signals were recorded from all osteoblasts maintained in buffer (controls). Ionomycin addition resulted in the accumulation of calcium in mitochondria, and more calcium was stored in the mitochondria of osteoblasts involved in mineralization than in those of osteoblasts before mineralization. Moreover, in the former, strong calcium signals were recorded around the junctions between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. Thus EELS allowed to obtain high-resolution total calcium maps in defined intracellular structures, but only at elevated calcium levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bordat
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et de Sécurité Alimentaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Bât 230, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Oulmi D, Maillard P, Guerquin-Kern JL, Huel C, Momenteau M. Glycoconjugated Porphyrins. 3. Synthesis of Flat Amphiphilic Mixed meso-(Glycosylated aryl)arylporphyrins and Mixed meso-(Glycosylated aryl)alkylporphyrins Bearing Some Mono- and Disaccharide Groups. J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00111a013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Guerquin-Kern JL, Volk A, Chenu E, Lougerstay-Madec R, Monneret C, Florent JC, Carrez D, Croisy A. Direct in vivo observation of 5-fluorouracil release from a prodrug in human tumors heterotransplanted in nude mice: a magnetic resonance study. NMR Biomed 2000; 13:306-310. [PMID: 10960921 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1492(200008)13:5<306::aid-nbm639>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A glucuro-conjugated carbamate derivative of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), originally designed as a prodrug for antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) application, has been used for direct in vivo observation of in situ 5-FU generation in two human colon tumors heterotransplanted in nude mice. Because of the very fast elimination of glucuro-conjugated drugs, this observation required intratumoral injection. These tumors, when becoming necrotic, are rich enough in beta-glucuronidase to allow (19)F magnetic resonance spectroscopy monitoring, at the tumor level, of both prodrug elimination and 5-FU liberation without preliminary treatment by a specifically targeted enzyme conjugate. Convenient tumors have been selected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the basis of a correlative study between MRI and conventional histology. This contribution is the first report evidencing such a direct intra-tumoral conversion of a glucuro-conjugated prodrug into the expected active drug. This method, which should allow overall estimation of the beta-glucuronidase content of tumors, might also be helpful for selecting tumors as specific targets for non-toxic glucuro-conjugated prodrugs without prior treatment with a fusion protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Guerquin-Kern
- Institut Curie Recherche, Laboratoire Raymond Latarjet, INSERM U350, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay, France
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Dominguez H, Rollin C, Guyonvarch A, Guerquin-Kern JL, Cocaign-Bousquet M, Lindley ND. Carbon-flux distribution in the central metabolic pathways of Corynebacterium glutamicum during growth on fructose. Eur J Biochem 1998; 254:96-102. [PMID: 9652400 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2540096.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Growth of Corynebacterium glutamicum on fructose was significantly less than that obtained on glucose, despite similar rates of substrate uptake. This was in part due to the production of overflow metabolites (dihydroxyacetone and lactate) but also to the increased production of CO2 during growth on fructose. These differences in carbon-metabolite accumulation are indicative of a different pattern of carbon-flux distribution through the central metabolic pathways. Growth on glucose has been previously shown to involve a high flux (> 50% of total glucose consumption) via the pentose pathway to generate anabolic reducing equivalents. NMR analysis of carbon-isotope distribution patterns of the glutamate pool after growth on 1-13C- or 6-13C-enriched fructose indicates that the contribution of the pentose pathway is significantly diminished during exponential growth on fructose with glycolysis being the predominant pathway (80% of total fructose consumption). The increased flux through glycolysis during growth on fructose is associated with an increased NADH/NAD+ ratio susceptible to inhibit both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase, and provoking the overflow of metabolites derived from the substrates of these two enzymes. The biomass yield observed experimentally is higher than can be estimated from the apparent quantity of NADPH associated with the pentose pathway and the flux through isocitrate dehydrogenase, suggesting an additional reaction yielding NADPH. This may involve a modified tricarboxylic acid cycle involving malic enzyme, expressed to significantly higher levels during growth on fructose than on glucose, and a pyruvate carboxylating anaplerotic enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dominguez
- Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR CNRS/INSA & L.A. INRA, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Complexe Scientifique de Rangueil, Toulouse, France
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Guerquin-Kern JL, Coppey M, Carrez D, Brunet AC, Nguyen CH, Rivalle C, Slodzian G, Croisy A. Complementary advantages of fluorescence and SIMS microscopies in the study of cellular localization of two new antitumor drugs. Microsc Res Tech 1997; 36:287-95. [PMID: 9140928 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0029(19970215)36:4<287::aid-jemt6>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Low light level fluorescence microscopy studies have been carried out on MCF7-P human mammary tumor cells to localize the intracellular distribution of two new anticancer drugs, Pazelliptine and Intoplicine, which are currently under clinical evaluation. These two molecules are thought to act at the nuclear level, through DNA topoisomerase interactions. Because fluorescence of these compounds appears strongly quenched by intercalation in double strand DNA, secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) imaging was used to check the presence of the drugs in the nuclear compartment. In spite of chemical structure similitudes, pazelliptine and intoplicine appear to be distributed in quite different ways within the cells. Incubation for 1 and 24 hours also allowed us to bring to light strong differences in the distribution kinetics. Pazelliptine quickly enters into the nucleoli but is no longer present in the nucleus after 24 hours incubation. Intoplicine was not detected by fluorescence in the nucleus, however SIMS microscopy allowed us to show its accumulation within this cellular compartment as a function of time of exposure. This study shows the complementarity of fluorescence and SIMS microscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Guerquin-Kern
- INSERM U350, Institut Curie Recherche, Laboratoire Raymond Latarjet, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
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Abstract
Coryneform bacteria are widely used to produce amino acids, in particularly glutamic acid, by fermentation. To study the metabolic fate of glucose as the carbon source, we developed a method to analyze intracellular extracts by NMR and HPLC. The intracellular metabolites represent the metabolic state of the cells. Glutamic acid was the major metabolic intermediate found in the extracts and its 13C isotopic enrichment reflected that of pyruvic acid. Thus, it was possible to determine the respective contributions of the two major glucose catabolic pathways during the exponential growth phase; glycolysis (55%) and the pentose phosphate pathway (45%). Absolute glutamate 13C enrichments resulting from the incorporation of [1-13C]glucose were determined to quantify the contribution of several metabolic pathways such as anaplerotic pathways (61%; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, pyruvate carboxylase, malic enzyme), a single turn (32%) or multiple turns of the Krebs cycle and the glyoxylate shunt, to oxaloacetate synthesis. A previously described model was adapted to C. melassecola for these calculations. The Krebs cycle was active, whereas the glyoxylate shunt was inactive in exponentially growing cells of C. melassecola with glucose as the sole carbon source. The contributions of anaplerotic enzymes and pyruvate dehydrogenase to replenishing the Krebs' cycle were determined to be 38% and 62%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rollin
- Centre ORSAN de Recherche en Biotechnologie, Les Ulis, France
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Trudel M, Saadane N, Garel MC, Bardakdjian-Michau J, Blouquit Y, Guerquin-Kern JL, Rouyer-Fessard P, Vidaud D, Pachnis A, Roméo PH. Towards a transgenic mouse model of sickle cell disease: hemoglobin SAD. EMBO J 1991; 10:3157-65. [PMID: 1915288 PMCID: PMC453038 DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb04877.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to obtain a transgenic mouse model of sickle cell disease, we have synthesized a novel human beta-globin gene, beta SAD, designed to increase the polymerization of the transgenic human hemoglobin S (Hb S) in vivo. beta SAD (beta S-Antilles-D Punjab) includes the beta 6Val substitution of the beta S chain, as well as two other mutations, Antilles (beta 23Ile) and D Punjab (beta 121Gln) each of which promotes the polymerization of Hb S in human. The beta SAD gene and the human alpha 2-globin gene, each linked to the beta-globin locus control region (LCR) were co-introduced into the mouse germ line. In one of the five transgenic lines obtained, SAD-1, red blood cells contained 19% human Hb SAD (alpha 2 human 1 beta 2SAD) and mouse-human hybrids in addition to mouse hemoglobin. Adult SAD-1 transgenic mice were not anemic but had some abnormal features of erythrocytes and slightly enlarged spleens. Their erythrocytes displayed sickling upon deoxygenation in vitro. SAD-1 neonates were anemic and many did not survive. In order to generate adult mice with a more severe sickle cell syndrome, crosses between the SAD progeny and homozygous for beta-thalassemic mice were performed. Hemoglobin SAD was increased to 26% in beta-thal/SAD-1 mice which exhibited: (i) abnormal erythrocytes with regard to shape and density; (ii) an enlarged spleen and a high reticulocyte count indicating an increased erythropoiesis; (iii) mortality upon hypoxia; (iv) polymerization of hemolysate similar to that obtained in human homozygous sickle cell disease; and (v) anemia and mortality during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trudel
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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Guerquin-Kern JL, Leteurtre F, Croisy A, Lhoste JM. pH dependence of 5-fluorouracil uptake observed by in vivo 31P and 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cancer Res 1991; 51:5770-3. [PMID: 1913695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to follow the metabolism and kinetics of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) after i.v. administration at a dose of 100 mg/kg on Wistar rats. 31P spectra allow one to determine both the energetic status and the pH of the tissues under investigation, while serial 19F spectra reveal the drug clearance. Analyses of 5FU kinetics show that the half-life of 5FU elimination is about 35 min in tissue with a pH of 7.3. However, this half-life increases 2.5-fold when the local pH decreases below 6.9. Thus, acidification seems to induce a local retention of 5FU, which tends to prove the existence of active transport. This retention of the drug may have significant clinical implications for assessing and improving chemotherapy alone or in combination.
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Abstract
The energy metabolism of tumors in rats was investigated by in vivo 31P-NMR spectroscopy. The effects of radiotherapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy were evaluated by observing the changes of these spectra in chemically induced subcutaneous fibrosarcoma in rats. Two milligrams of DMBA in solution in olive oil were administered subcutaneously in the flank of 20 Wistar rats and 17 fibrosarcoma occurred. 31P NMR spectra were recorded with a Brüker Medspec 30/47 spectrometer using a surface coil positioned over the tumor. We did not observe significant changes in the spectra during tumor growth. Radiotherapy and 5-FU chemotherapy alone did not induce major changes in the 31P spectra. But the situation was completely different for animals receiving the therapeutic combination. A clear increase in the ratio of inorganic phosphate to total phosphorus signal was observed 48 h after the first irradiation session. The pH shifted concurrently to the acidic range. No effect on tumor regression was observed in the rats from the chemotherapy group, while regression was less than 50% in rats treated by irradiation only, and at least 80% in the combined group.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Allavena
- Institut Curie-Biologie, INSERM U 219, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
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Abstract
The energy deposition patterns in both alcohol-fixed and unfixed amputated human lower legs produced by a miniannular phased array (MAPA) applicator have been determined. The nontumor bearing portions of four human legs, amputated for therapeutic purposes, were heated within the MAPA. Experimental measurements of the time rate of temperature rise at many locations inside the leg (between 125 and 150) were transformed to specific absorption rate (SAR) values at each point. A simple model was developed which predicts the axial variations in SAR inside the heated limb based upon quantitative details of the leg's geometry obtained from computerized tomography scans. The axial location of the region of maximum energy deposition was predicted by the model with a precision of approximately 1 to 2 cm. Significant time rate of temperature rise was measured inside the cortical portion of the tibia, while the temperature rise in the cancellous (marrow) portion of the tibia was negligible. The alcohol fixation process appears to have no significant effect on the energy deposition patterns within the various leg tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Charny
- Division of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Guerquin-Kern JL, Hagmann MJ, Levin RL. Experimental characterization of helical coils as hyperthermia applicators. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1988; 35:46-52. [PMID: 3338811 DOI: 10.1109/10.1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Guerquin-Kern JL, Hagmann MJ, Levin RL. Experimental characterization of the miniannular phased array as a hyperthermia applicator. Med Phys 1987; 14:674-80. [PMID: 3627010 DOI: 10.1118/1.596037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of experiments has been carried out in order to characterize a miniannular phased array applicator prior to possible clinical implementation. The energy deposition patterns over the frequency range of 100 to 200 MHz were determined in several human limb models of different complexities by measuring the electric field strength patterns. The point of maximum energy deposition within a homogeneous, muscle-equivalent cylindrical phantom positioned coaxially within the MAPA was found to be at the center of the applicator. The energy deposition patterns seem to be more uniform at the lower frequencies. Inclusion of a cylindrical bone-equivalent phantom positioned coaxially with this muscle-equivalent phantom does not seem to significantly alter the energy deposition patterns in the muscle-equivalent region. For more realistically shaped, homogeneous muscle-equivalent limb models, the resulting energy deposition patterns appear to be confined mostly to the intended treatment region. However, the point of maximum energy deposition was not at the middle of the applicator as with the cylindrical model, but shifted towards a smaller cross-sectional region. This shift in location of the point of maximum energy deposition varies with the location of the MAPA on the limb. A secondary region of high-field strength was also observed at the ankle for a MAPA centered about the knee. In this study, the energy deposition patterns appear to be significantly dependent on the shape of the model. Therefore, this factor must be taken into consideration for the proper prediction and control of the heating patterns resulting from the use of this type of applicator for clinical hyperthermia treatment.
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Charny CK, Guerquin-Kern JL, Hagmann MJ, Levin SW, Lack EE, Sindelar WF, Zabell A, Glatstein E, Levin RL. Human leg heating using a mini-annular phased array. Med Phys 1986; 13:449-56. [PMID: 3736501 DOI: 10.1118/1.595945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The energy deposition pattern within an isolated human leg heated with a mini-annular phased array (MAPA) hyperthermia applicator has been determined. The non-tumor-bearing lower portion of a human leg amputated at the hip due to the presence of a large tumor in the thigh was "fixed" in a 50% ethanol in 0.9% saline solution. Subsequent to this fixation process, the leg was rehydrated in 0.9% saline and heated four times using a MAPA operating at 122 MHz. Specific absorption rates and electric field strengths were calculated from the rates of change of temperature with time measured at 143 different anatomical locations within the leg. When the leg was coaxial with the MAPA and the MAPA was axially positioned midway between the knee and the ankle, the points of maximum heating were skewed away from the center of the MAPA, towards the ankle of the leg and along the central axis of the MAPA. Significant temperature rise was measured inside the bone and the fat as well as inside the muscle of the leg. Bone heating was reduced when the leg was shifted away from the MAPA axis.
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Guerquin-Kern JL, Gautherie M, Peronnet G, Jofre L, Bolomey JC. Active microwave tomographic imaging of isolated, perfused animal organs. Bioelectromagnetics 1985; 6:145-56. [PMID: 4004947 DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250060206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The relative transparency of biological materials to high-frequency electromagnetic waves has encouraged the development of new systems for imaging. This report describes experiments of microwave tomography conducted on a prototype. The object to be analyzed is submerged in water and is illuminated by a plane wave. The total electric field is analyzed by a microwave camera. The recorded data are then processed numerically in order to reconstruct the image that corresponds to the distribution of equivalent currents in a defined plane of a section. Experiments have been conducted on isolated kidneys with and without perfusion. The influence of the perfusing solution temperature has also been studied. These experiments show the potential of this system, especially through the correlation between microwave images and the biological structures. They also confirm previous results concerning spatial resolution and depth of exploration. Finally, the results demonstrate the influence of temperature and support the applicability of this imaging system in non-invasive thermometry, especially for clinical hyperthermia.
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Guerquin-Kern JL, Palas L, Priou A, Gautherie M. Local hyperthermia using microwaves for therapeutic purposes - experimental studies of various applicators. J Microw Power 1981; 16:305-11. [PMID: 6920414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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