The role of caudate nucleus dopamine and cyclic AMP in the hyperpyrexia induced by LiCl plus tranylcypromine in rats

Fever induced by macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1) in rats: hypothalamic sites of action

The purpose of this study was to clarify the central site of action as well as functional characteristics of the febrile response of the cytokine, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1). Guide cannulae for microinjection were implanted stereotaxically in the rat just above the pyrogen and thermosensitive area of the anterior hypothalamic, preoptic area (AH/POA). Following postoperative recovery, the body temperature of each rat (Tbo) was monitored during an experiment by a colonic thermistor probe at 0.5-1.0-h intervals. When MIP-1 was microinjected in a 0.5-microliter volume into the AH/POA in one of eight concentrations ranging from 0.0028 nanograms (ng) to 9.0 ng, an intense monophasic or biphasic fever was evoked. The MIP-1-induced increase in the Tbo of the rat was characterized by its short latency of 15 to 30 min and an inverse dose-response curve. Measures of mean latency and maximal rise in Tbo following MIP-1 confirmed the potency of this dose. Although the dose of 0.028 ng produced a fever of over 2.0 degrees C with a latency of only 15 min or less, the hyperthermic response became less intense as the dose of MIP-1 was increased. An anatomical mapping of sites of microinjection which reacted to MIP-1 in mediating fever revealed that the medial portion of the POA of the rat just rostral to the border of the AH was the region of maximum sensitivity to the cytokine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Changes in body temperature after administration of antipyretics, LSD, delta 9-THC, CNS depressants and stimulants, hormones, inorganic ions, gases, 2,4-DNP and miscellaneous agents

This survey concludes a series of complications of data from the literature, primarily published since 1965, on thermoregulatory effects of antipyretics in afebrile as well as in febrile subjects, LSD and other hallucinogens, cannabinoids, general CNS depressants, CNS stimulants including xanthines, hormones, inorganic ions, gases and fumes, 2,4-dinitrophenol and miscellaneous agents including capsaicin, cardiac glycosides, chemotherapeutic agents, cinchona alkaloids, cyclic nucleotides, cycloheximide, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, dimethylsulfoxide, insecticides, local anesthetics, poly I:poly C, spermidine and spermine, sugars, toxins and transport inhibitors. The information listed includes the species used, route of administration and dose of drug, the environmental temperature at which the experiments were performed, the number of tests, the direction and magnitude of body temperature change and remarks on the presence of special conditions such as age or lesions, or on the influence of other drugs, such as antagonists, on the response to the primary agents.

Changes in body temperature after administration of adrenergic and serotonergic agents and related drugs including antidepressants

This survey, the third in a series, presents extensive tabulations of literature, primarily since 1965, on thermoregulatory effects of adrenergic and serotonergic agonists and their antagonists including ergot alkaloids, amphetamines, tryptamines, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic and other antidepressants, a variety of other agents which alter presynaptic aminergic mechanisms including reserpine, 6-hydroxydopamine, p-chlorophenylalanine, alpha-methyltyrosines, cocaine, guanethidine and bretylium. The information listed includes the species used, route of administration and dose of drug, the environmental temperature at which the experiments were performed, the number of tests, the direction and magnitude of body temperature change and remarks on the presence of special conditions, such as age or lesions, or on the influence of other drugs, such as antagonists, on the response to the primary drug.

Changes in body temperature after administration of amino acids, peptides, dopamine, neuroleptics and related agents

Drugs may alter body temperature by acting on any component of the thermoregulatory system. These components include heat production, heat conservation and heat loss effectors and their efferent pathways, thermosensors and their afferent pathways and neurons within the central nervous system that coordinate thermoregulatory effector activities. A thermostat is often thought to be involved although thermoregulation can be explained by models that do not incorporate a thermostat. An action on a particular component can be assessed by determining the effect of a drug on body temperature over a range of environmental temperatures and by observation and measurement of associated changes in effector activities. A scheme for such assessment is presented along with examples of its use. The study of drug-induced changes in body temperature has expanded greatly within the past decade. The primary purpose of this review is to provide a readily available source of information on interactions between certain drugs and the thermoregulatory system. Extensive tables are presented of body temperature changes after administration of amino acids, peptides, dopamine and related agents, phenothiazine neuroleptics and also phenothiazines that lack neuroleptic activity, butyrophenones, diphenylbutylpiperidines such as pimozide and miscellaneous neuroleptics. The information tabulated includes the species used, route of administration and dose of drugs, the environmental temperature at which the experiments were performed, the number of tests, the direction and magnitude of body temperature change and remarks on the presence of special conditions, such as age or lesions, or on the influence of other drugs, such as antagonists, on the response to the primary drug. Most of the cited literature was published since 1965.