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Camilleri E, Blundell R, Baral B, Karpiński TM, Aruci E, Atrooz OM. Unveiling the full spectrum of maitake mushrooms: A comprehensive review of their medicinal, therapeutic, nutraceutical, and cosmetic potential. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30254. [PMID: 38707308 PMCID: PMC11068609 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This literature review provides an up-to-date exploration of the multifaceted attributes of maitake mushrooms (Grifola frondosa), elucidating their bioactive phytochemicals and diverse health advantages, including their substantial role in supporting human health and potential incorporation into the medicinal industry. Carbohydrates and protein are the major constituents contributing to the dry weight of G. frondosa, taking up around 70-80 % and 13-21 %, respectively, with emerging research linking these constituents to various health benefits. By synthesising current research findings, this review emphasises the substantial role of maitake mushrooms in supporting human health and underscores their potential incorporation into the medicinal industry. To further advance our understanding, future research should delve into the mechanisms underlying their health-promoting effects, with a focus on conducting quantitative studies to elucidate physiological pathways and potential drug interactions. Additionally, exploring their integration into functional foods or nutraceuticals through quantitative assessments of bioavailability and efficacy will be crucial for maximising their therapeutic benefits. This review aims to provide comprehensive insights, catalysing further research and innovation in utilising maitake mushrooms for improved well-being and industry advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Camilleri
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Imsida, MSD2080, Malta
| | - Renald Blundell
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Imsida, MSD2080, Malta
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, MSD2080, Imsida, Malta
| | - Bikash Baral
- Institute of Biological Resources (IBR), Kathmandu, Nepal
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomasz M. Karpiński
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 10, 60-806, Poznań, Poland
| | - Edlira Aruci
- Western Balkans University, Autostrada Tirane-Durres km 7, Albania
| | - Omar M. Atrooz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mutah University, P.O.Box(7), Mutah, Jordan
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Garcia J, Rodrigues F, Saavedra MJ, Nunes FM, Marques G. Bioactive polysaccharides from medicinal mushrooms: A review on their isolation, structural characteristics and antitumor activity. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kim JH, Kim DH, Jo S, Cho MJ, Cho YR, Lee YJ, Byun S. Immunomodulatory functional foods and their molecular mechanisms. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1-11. [PMID: 35079119 PMCID: PMC8787967 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system comprises a complex group of processes that provide defense against diverse pathogens. These defenses can be divided into innate and adaptive immunity, in which specific immune components converge to limit infections. In addition to genetic factors, aging, lifestyle, and environmental factors can influence immune function, potentially affecting the susceptibility of the host to disease-causing agents. Chemical compounds in certain foods have been shown to regulate signal transduction and cell phenotypes, ultimately impacting pathophysiology. Research has shown that the consumption of specific functional foods can stimulate the activity of immune cells, providing protection against cancer, viruses, and bacteria. Here, we review a number of functional foods reported to strengthen immunity, including ginseng, mushrooms, chlorella, and probiotics (Lactobacillus plantarum). We also discuss the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating the activity of various types of immune cells. Identifying immune-enhancing functional foods and understanding their mechanisms of action will support new approaches to maintain proper health and combat immunological diseases. Evidence is building to support the idea that specific ‘functional foods’ can stimulate the activity of cells and signaling systems of the immune system to provide protection against cancer, viruses and bacteria. Sanguine Byun and colleagues at Yonsei University in Seoul, South Korea, review research into a range of functional foods, foods thought to have health benefits beyond their nutritional value. These include ginseng, mushrooms, the green algae called Chlorella and the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum. They also consider individual components of foods such as poly-gamma-glutamate, a natural polymer made by bacteria. A wide body of research is revealing diverse molecular mechanisms through which biochemicals in functional foods can modulate different aspects of the immune system. These include effects on both non-specific innate immunity and adaptive immunity, which targets specific invading pathogens and diseased cells.
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Zhao F, Guo Z, Ma ZR, Ma LL, Zhao J. Antitumor activities of Grifola frondosa (Maitake) polysaccharide: A meta-analysis based on preclinical evidence and quality assessment. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114395. [PMID: 34271115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The antitumor effects of Grifola frondosa/maitake polysaccharide (GFP) have been reported in many preclinical studies, especially in vivo experiments. The present meta-analysis aimed to provide an in vivo evidence and theoretical basis for future clinical trials by assessing the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of GFP in tumor treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS English and Chinese databases were examined to include animal experiments to study the antitumor activity of GFP. Literature screening, data extraction, and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In addition, the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk of bias (RoB) tool was used to assess the risk of bias of the included animal studies. RESULTS Potentially relevant studies (442) were identified, and finally 24 eligible studies (all in English) were included. The meta-analysis revealed that GFP has significant effects in inhibiting tumor growth (high dose: mean difference (MD) = -1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [-1.73, -0.95]; low dose: MD = -5.68, 95% CI = [-7.27, -4.09]), improving tumor remission rate (odds ratio = 25.59, 95% CI = [9.08, 72.11]), and enhancing immune function in both cellular (CD4+ T cell percentage: MD = 3.03, 95% CI = [1.16, 4.90]; CD8+ T cell percentage: MD = 1.10, 95% CI = [-0.29, 2.49]) and humoral immunity (MD and [95% CI] of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor-α were 7.86 [6.29, 9.44], 35.95 [5.18, 66.72], and 10.03 [8.71, 11.36], respectively), and the differences between the two groups of the above indicators were statistically significant (all P < 0.01) except CD8+ T cell percentage. Additionally, the quality of the included studies was not high, and the risk of bias mainly concentrated on selection, detection, and reporting biases. CONCLUSION GFP is a potential candidate for tumor treatment and clinical trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION The review protocol for this study was registered with the PROSPERO database before beginning the review process (CRD42018108897).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Zhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Zhong-Ren Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Ling-Li Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China; College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Jin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.
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Patel DK, Dutta SD, Ganguly K, Cho SJ, Lim KT. Mushroom-Derived Bioactive Molecules as Immunotherapeutic Agents: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051359. [PMID: 33806285 PMCID: PMC7961999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms with enhanced medicinal properties focus on finding such compounds that could modulate the human body's immune systems. Mushrooms have antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiviral, hepatoprotective, antitumor, and immunomodulatory properties due to the presence of various bioactive components. β-glucans are the major constituent of the mushroom cell wall and play a significant role in their biological activity. This review described the techniques used in the extraction of the active ingredients from the mushroom. We highlighted the structure of the bioactive polysaccharides present in the mushrooms. Therapeutic applications of different mushrooms were also described. It is interesting to note that mushrooms have the potential sources of many bioactive products that can regulate immunity. Thus, the development of functional medicinal food based on the mushroom is vital for human welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K. Patel
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (D.K.P.); (S.D.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (D.K.P.); (S.D.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Keya Ganguly
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (D.K.P.); (S.D.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Seong-Jun Cho
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (D.K.P.); (S.D.D.); (K.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-033-250-6491
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The biological activities of the antitumor drug Grifola frondosa polysaccharide. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 163:221-261. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Zhang W, Jiang X, Zhao S, Zheng X, Lan J, Wang H, Ng TB. A polysaccharide-peptide with mercury clearance activity from dried fruiting bodies of maitake mushroom Grifola frondosa. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17630. [PMID: 30514871 PMCID: PMC6279823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercury is considered to be “a global pollutant” and raises concern worldwide. Once mercury enters the body, it will be distributed all over the body but will accumulate in the brain, kidney and liver. To date, no substance originating from edible fungi capable of adsorbing mercury has been reported. We found that the mushroom Grifola frondosa exhibited mercury adsorption capacity. A polysaccharide-peptide (GFPP), displaying the unique N-terminal amino acid sequence of APPGMHQKQQ and 7 partial sequences with high reliability obtained by LC-MS/MS, was isolated by hot-water extraction of its fruiting bodies followed by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. Two rat models were employed to determine the dose and the duration of HgCl2 treatment (given by acute administration or continuous treatment) to test if G. frondosa could promote mercury elimination. For rats subjected to acute treatment with HgCl2, both GFPP and G. frondosa fruiting bodies (GFFF) could accelerate the decline of blood mercury level, which fell precipitously by 50% on the second day. GFPP and GFFF also promoted elimination of the burden of mercury in the liver and kidneys. For rats receiving continuous HgCl2 treatment, G. frondosa prevented the progressive increase of blood mercury level, and kept the blood mercury level within a relatively stable range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.,State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuezhen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xiaojie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jin Lan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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Alonso EN, Ferronato MJ, Fermento ME, Gandini NA, Romero AL, Guevara JA, Facchinetti MM, Curino AC. Antitumoral and antimetastatic activity of Maitake D-Fraction in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:23396-23412. [PMID: 29805742 PMCID: PMC5955106 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with poor prognosis, high local recurrence rate and high rate of metastasis compared with other breast cancer subtypes. In addition, TNBC lacks a targeted therapy. This scenario highlights the need for novel compounds with high potential for TNBC treatment. In this regard, natural products are important sources of anticancer drugs. D-Fraction, a proteoglucan extracted from the edible and medicinal mushroom Grifola frondosa (Maitake), is a dietary supplement that has been shown to exert both immunostimulatory and immune-independent antitumoral effects on some cancer types. However, its antitumoral potential in TNBC is unknown. Therefore, we employed TNBC cells to investigate if D-Fraction is able to attenuate their aggressive phenotype. We found that D-Fraction decreases MDA-MB-231 cell viability through apoptosis induction and reduces their metastatic potential. D-Fraction increases cell-cell adhesion by increasing E-cadherin protein levels and β-catenin membrane localization, and increases cell-substrate adhesion. D-Fraction also decreases cell motility by affecting actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, and proteolytic activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Furthermore, D-Fraction decreases the invasive capacity of MDA-MB-231 cells. In concordance, D-Fraction retards tumor growth and reduces lung metastases in a xenograft model. Altogether, these results suggest the potential therapeutic role of D-Fraction in aggressive TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Noelia Alonso
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)–CONICET, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - María Julia Ferronato
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)–CONICET, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Fermento
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)–CONICET, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Norberto Ariel Gandini
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)–CONICET, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | | | - Josefina Alejandra Guevara
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)–CONICET, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - María Marta Facchinetti
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)–CONICET, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Carlos Curino
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)–CONICET, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Cultivated maitake mushroom demonstrated functional food quality as determined by in vitro bioassays. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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He X, Wang X, Fang J, Chang Y, Ning N, Guo H, Huang L, Huang X, Zhao Z. Polysaccharides in Grifola frondosa mushroom and their health promoting properties: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 101:910-921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Abstract
There is significant interest in the use of mushrooms and/or mushroom extracts as dietary supplements based on theories that they enhance immune function and promote health. To some extent, select mushrooms have been shown to have stimulatory action on immune responsiveness, particularly when studied in vitro. However, despite their widespread use for potential health benefits, there is a surprising paucity of epidemiologic and experimental studies that address the biologic activities of mushrooms after oral administration to animals or humans. There have been a number of studies that have addressed the ability of mushrooms to modulate mononuclear cell activation and the phenotypic expression of cytokines and their cognate receptors. There have also been a number of attempts to determine antitumor activities of mushrooms. Such studies are important because many of the components of mushrooms do potentially have significant biologic activity. All data, however, should be tempered by the Possibility that there are toxic levels of metals, including arsenic, lead, cadmium, and mercury as well as the presence of radioactive contamination with 137Cs. In this review, we will Present the comparative biology with respect to both immunological and antitumor activities of mushroom extracts and also highlight the need for further evidence-based research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea T Borchers
- Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California-Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California 95616, USA
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12
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Alonso EN, Ferronato MJ, Gandini NA, Fermento ME, Obiol DJ, López Romero A, Arévalo J, Villegas ME, Facchinetti MM, Curino AC. Antitumoral Effects of D-Fraction from Grifola Frondosa (Maitake) Mushroom in Breast Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2016; 69:29-43. [PMID: 27892708 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1247891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
D-Fraction is protein-bound β-1,6 and β-1,3 glucans (proteoglucan) extracted from the edible and medicinal mushroom Grifola frondosa (Maitake). The antitumoral effect of D-Fraction has long been exclusively attributed to their immunostimulatory capacity. However, in recent years increasing evidence showed that D-Fraction directly affects the viability of canine and human tumor cells, independent of the immune system. Previously, we have reported that D-Fraction modulates the expression of genes associated with cell proliferation, cell death, migration, invasion, and metastasis in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to investigate if this modulation of gene expression by Maitake D-Fraction really modulates tumor progression. In the present work, we demonstrate for the first time that Maitake D-Fraction is able to act directly on mammary tumor cells, modulating different cellular processes involved in the development and progression of cancer. We demonstrate that D-Fraction decreases cell viability, increases cell adhesion, and reduces the migration and invasion of mammary tumor cells, generating a less aggressive cell behavior. In concordance with these results, we also demonstrate that D-Fraction decreases tumor burden and the number of lung metastases in a murine model of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Noelia Alonso
- a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina
| | - María Julia Ferronato
- a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina
| | - Norberto Ariel Gandini
- a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Fermento
- a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina
| | - Diego Javier Obiol
- a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina
| | | | - Julián Arévalo
- c Servicio de Patología del Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Dr. José Penna , Bahía Blanca , Argentina
| | - María Emilia Villegas
- a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina
| | - María Marta Facchinetti
- a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina
| | - Alejandro Carlos Curino
- a Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer , Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) -CONICET , Bahía Blanca , Argentina
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Guidetti G, Di Cerbo A, Giovazzino A, Rubino V, Palatucci AT, Centenaro S, Fraccaroli E, Cortese L, Bonomo MG, Ruggiero G, Canello S, Terrazzano G. In Vitro Effects of Some Botanicals with Anti-Inflammatory and Antitoxic Activity. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:5457010. [PMID: 27597982 PMCID: PMC5002466 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5457010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several extrinsic factors, like drugs and chemicals, can foster autoimmunity. Tetracyclines, in particular oxytetracycline (OTC), appear to correlate with the emergence of immune-mediated diseases. Accumulation of OTC, the elective drug for gastrointestinal and respiratory infectious disease treatment in broiler chickens, was reported in chicken edible tissues and could represent a potential risk for pets and humans that could assume this antibiotic as residue in meat or in meat-derived byproducts. We investigated the in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of a pool of thirteen botanicals as a part of a nutraceutical diet, with proven immunomodulatory activity. In addition, we evaluated the effect of such botanicals in contrasting the in vitro proinflammatory toxicity of OTC. Our results showed a significant reduction in interferon- (INF-) γ production by human and canine lymphocytes in presence of botanicals ((⁎) p < 0.05). Increased INF-γ production, dependent on 24-hour OTC-incubation of T lymphocytes, was significantly reduced by the coincubation with Haematococcus pluvialis, with Glycine max, and with the mix of all botanicals ((⁎) p < 0.05). In conclusion, the use of these botanicals was shown to be able to contrast OTC-toxicity and could represent a new approach for the development of functional foods useful to enhance the standard pharmacological treatment in infections as well as in preventing or reducing the emergence of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianandrea Guidetti
- Division of Research and Development, SANYpet SpA, 35023 Bagnoli di Sopra, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Specialization in Clinical Biochemistry, “G. d'Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Angela Giovazzino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Rubino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Sara Centenaro
- Division of Research and Development, SANYpet SpA, 35023 Bagnoli di Sopra, Italy
| | - Elena Fraccaroli
- Division of Research and Development, SANYpet SpA, 35023 Bagnoli di Sopra, Italy
| | - Laura Cortese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Ruggiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sergio Canello
- Division of Research and Development, SANYpet SpA, 35023 Bagnoli di Sopra, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Terrazzano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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Meng X, Liang H, Luo L. Antitumor polysaccharides from mushrooms: a review on the structural characteristics, antitumor mechanisms and immunomodulating activities. Carbohydr Res 2016; 424:30-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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15
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Cui H, Wu S, Sun Y, Wang T, Li Z, Chen M, Wang C. Polysaccharide from Pleurotus nebrodensis induces apoptosis via a mitochondrial pathway in HepG2 cells. Food Funct 2016; 7:455-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00884k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PNA-2 mediated mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in HepG2 cellsin vitroandin vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Shufen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Yanping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Zhenjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Mianhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
| | - Changlu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
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16
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Cui F, Li Y, Yang Y, Sun W, Wu D, Ping L. Changes in chemical components and cytotoxicity at different maturity stages of Pleurotus eryngii fruiting body. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:12631-12640. [PMID: 25483207 DOI: 10.1021/jf5048354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the changes of the chemical components and cytotoxicity potency at 5 developmental stages of Pleurotus eryngii fruiting body. The carbohydrate and protein contents increased along the maturity of fruiting body while fat content decreased. By comparison, the polysaccharide-protein fractions had the highest antiproliferative effect on SGC-7901 and HepG-2 cells in vitro and increasing activity with growing maturity of P. eryngii fruiting body.The maturation process increased the protein content and acid property through the enhanced relative abundance of Asp, Thr, and Glu in polysaccharide-protein fractions. Further purification and electrophoresis identified that the polysaccharide-protein PEG-1with three subunits possibly was the target cytotoxical component. Our findings proved that mature fruiting body of P. eryngii containing these polysaccharide-proteins possessed highly nutritional values and therapeutical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
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17
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Immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharide from marine fungus Phoma herbarum YS4108 on T cells and dendritic cells. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:738631. [PMID: 25525304 PMCID: PMC4267005 DOI: 10.1155/2014/738631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
YCP, as a kind of natural polysaccharides from the mycelium of marine filamentous fungus Phoma herbarum YS4108, has great antitumor potential via enhancement of host immune response, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we mainly focused on the effects and mechanisms of YCP on the specific immunity mediated by dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells. T cell /DC activation-related factors including interferon- (IFN-) γ, interleukin-12 (IL-12), and IL-4 were examined with ELISA. Receptor knock-out mice and fluorescence-activated cell sorting are used to analyze the YCP-binding receptor of T cells and DCs. RT-PCR is utilized to measure MAGE-A3 for analyzing the tumor-specific killing effect. In our study, we demonstrated YCP can provide the second signal for T cell activation, proliferation, and IFN-γ production through binding to toll-like receptor- (TLR-) 2 and TLR-4. YCP could effectively promote IL-12 secretion and expression of markers (CD80, CD86, and MHC II) via TLR-4 on DCs. Antigen-specific immunity against mouse melanoma cells was strengthened through the activation of T cells and the enhancement of capacity of DCs by YCP. The data supported that YCP can exhibit specific immunomodulatory capacity mediated by T cells and DCs.
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Tsao YW, Kuan YC, Wang JL, Sheu F. Characterization of a novel maitake (Grifola frondosa) protein that activates natural killer and dendritic cells and enhances antitumor immunity in mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:9828-9838. [PMID: 24020458 DOI: 10.1021/jf4031184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Grifola frondosa, also known as maitake, is a culinary mushroom with immune-enhancing and antitumor effects. Numerous studies have investigated the activity of maitake polysaccharide extracts, but studies of maitake proteins are scarce. In this study, we purified and characterized a new G. frondosa protein, GFP, from maitake fruiting bodies. GFP is a nonglucan heterodimeric 83 kDa protein that consists of two 41 kDa subunits. GFP induced interferon-γ secretion by murine splenocytes and natural killer cells and activated the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) via a TLR4-dependent mechanism. GFP-treated BMDCs promoted a Th1 response and exhibited significant antitumor activity when transferred into tumor-bearing mice. In conclusion, we are the first to reveal the critical role of GFP in modulating the immune response and to link the immune-enhancing effects of maitake to its antitumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wei Tsao
- Department of Horticulture, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10673, Taiwan
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19
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Ike K, Kameyama N, Ito A, Imai S. Induction of a T-Helper 1 (Th1) immune response in mice by an extract from the Pleurotus eryngii (Eringi) mushroom. J Med Food 2012; 15:1124-8. [PMID: 23134464 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.2239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the effect of edible mushroom extracts on the induction of T-helper 1 (Th1) immunity, we examined differences in interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-4 production in mice induced by hot-water extracts of 15 species of edible mushroom. Extracts from Agaricus bisporus, Flammulina velutipes, Hypsizigus marmoreus, Lentinula edodes, and Lyophyllum decastes induced both IFN-γ and IL-4 production in mice, whereas extracts from Pleurotus ostreatus only induced IL-4. In contrast, extracts from Agaricus blazei, Grifola frondosa, Morchella esculenta, Pholiota nameko, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, and Pleurotus eryngii induced only IFN-γ production. In particular, the extract from P. eryngii induced high levels of IFN-γ and reduced levels of IL-4. We further investigated the use of a trial immunogen using the P. eryngii extract as a Th1 immunostimulator. An oil-in-water emulsion of the hot-water extract from P. eryngii (immunostimulator) and ovalbumin (OVA; antigen) was used as a trial immunogen. This immunogen induced strong OVA-specific IgG2a antibody production in mice compared with the negative controls. In addition, OVA-specific IgG1 antibody levels were lower than those for the negative controls. Marked increases in serum IFN-γ levels and high-level production of IFN-γ in the culture supernatant from the CD4(+) spleen cells in the trial immunogen group mice were observed. Our results suggested that the hot-water extract from P. eryngii induced Th1 immunity by acting as an immunostimulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Ike
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan.
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20
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Medicinal mushrooms in supportive cancer therapies: an approach to anti-cancer effects and putative mechanisms of action. FUNGAL DIVERS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-012-0151-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Barsanti L, Passarelli V, Evangelista V, Frassanito AM, Gualtieri P. Chemistry, physico-chemistry and applications linked to biological activities of β-glucans. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:457-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c0np00018c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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22
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Kodama N, Mizuno S, Asakawa A, Inui A, Nanba H. Effect of a hot water-soluble extraction from Grifola frondosa on the viability of a human monocyte cell line exposed to mitomycin C. MYCOSCIENCE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10267-009-0016-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kodama N, Mizuno S, Nanba H, Saito N. Potential Antitumor Activity of a Low-Molecular-Weight Protein Fraction from Grifola frondosa Through Enhancement of Cytokine Production. J Med Food 2010; 13:20-30. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Kodama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Basic Educational Center for Pharmacy, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shigeto Mizuno
- Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Naoaki Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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Ito K, Masuda Y, Yamasaki Y, Yokota Y, Nanba H. Maitake beta-glucan enhances granulopoiesis and mobilization of granulocytes by increasing G-CSF production and modulating CXCR4/SDF-1 expression. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 9:1189-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2009] [Revised: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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25
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Gregori A, Svagelj M, Berovic M, Liu Y, Zhang J, Pohleven F, Klinar D. Cultivation and bioactivity assessment of Grifola frondosa fruiting bodies on olive oil press cakes substrates. N Biotechnol 2009; 26:260-2. [PMID: 19666149 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2009.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 08/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Grifola frondosa, a medicinal and edible mushroom, was cultivated on substrates composed of olive oil press cakes with different supplements. Crude extracts were prepared from mature fruiting bodies and tested for their capacity to stimulate splenocyte proliferation. Two wild-growing fruiting bodies were extracted for comparison. Olive oil press cakes reduced the mushroom yield, and the best biological efficiency was obtained on substrates supplemented with wheat bran and without olive oil press cakes. All extracts were capable of inducing splenocyte proliferation and were half as effective as the positive control (6.0 microg/mL phytohaemagglutinin). No correlation between substrate composition and bioactivity could be established. Extracts from wild-growing G. frondosa were superior to cultivated ones in respect to biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Gregori
- Scientific Research Centre Bistra Ptuj, 2250 Ptuj, Slovenia.
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Konno S. Synergistic potentiation of D-fraction with vitamin C as possible alternative approach for cancer therapy. Int J Gen Med 2009; 2:91-108. [PMID: 20360893 PMCID: PMC2840554 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s5498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Maitake D-fraction or PDF is the bioactive extract of maitake mushroom (Grifola frondosa) and its active constituent is the protein-bound polysaccharide (proteoglucan), or more specifically known as beta-glucan. PDF has been extensively studied and a number of its medicinal potentials/properties have been unveiled and demonstrated. Those include various physiological benefits ranging from immunomodulatory and antitumor activities to treatment for hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, viral infections (hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus), and obesity. Particularly, two major biological activities of PDF, immunomodulatory and antitumor activities, have been the main target for scientific and clinical research. To demonstrate and confirm such biological activities, numerous studies have been performed in vitro and in vivo or in clinical settings. These studies showed that PDF was indeed capable of modulating immunologic and hematologic parameters, inhibiting or regressing the cancer cell growth, and even improving quality of life of cancer patients. Synergistic potentiation of PDF with vitamin C demonstrated in vitro is rather interesting and may have clinical implication, because such combination therapy appears to help improve the efficacy of currently ongoing cancer therapies. Recently, intravenous administration of vitamin C has been often used to increase its physiological concentration and this useful procedure may further make this combination therapy feasible. Therefore, PDF may have great potential, either being used solely or combined with other agents, for cancer therapy. Such relevant and detailed studies will be described and discussed herein with a special focus on the combination of PDF and vitamin C as a viable therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sensuke Konno
- Department of Urology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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27
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Masuda Y, Inoue M, Miyata A, Mizuno S, Nanba H. Maitake β-glucan enhances therapeutic effect and reduces myelosupression and nephrotoxicity of cisplatin in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 9:620-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Revised: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 02/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Deng G, Lin H, Seidman A, Fornier M, D'Andrea G, Wesa K, Yeung S, Cunningham-Rundles S, Vickers AJ, Cassileth B. A phase I/II trial of a polysaccharide extract from Grifola frondosa (Maitake mushroom) in breast cancer patients: immunological effects. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2009; 135:1215-21. [PMID: 19253021 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-009-0562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Accepted: 02/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer patients commonly use dietary supplements to "boost immune function". A polysaccharide extract from Grifola frondosa (Maitake extract) showed immunomodulatory effects in preclinical studies and therefore the potential for clinical use. Whether oral administration in human produces measurable immunologic effects, however, is unknown. METHODS In a phase I/II dose escalation trial, 34 postmenopausal breast cancer patients, free of disease after initial treatment, were enrolled sequentially in five cohorts. Maitake liquid extract was taken orally at 0.1, 0.5, 1.5, 3, or 5 mg/kg twice daily for 3 weeks. Peripheral blood was collected at days -7, 0 (prior to the first dosing), 7, 14, and 21 for ex vivo analyses. The primary endpoints were safety and tolerability. RESULTS No dose-limiting toxicity was encountered. Two patients withdrew prior to completion of the study due to grade I possibly related side effects: nausea and joint swelling in one patient; rash and pruritus in the second. There was a statistically significant association between Maitake and immunologic function (p < 0.0005). Increasing doses of Maitake increased some immunologic parameters and depressed others; the dose-response curves for many endpoints were non-monotonic with intermediate doses having either immune enhancing or immune suppressant effects compared with both high and low doses. CONCLUSIONS Oral administration of a polysaccharide extract from Maitake mushroom is associated with both immunologically stimulatory and inhibitory measurable effects in peripheral blood. Cancer patients should be made aware of the fact that botanical agents produce more complex effects than assumed, and may depress as well as enhance immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Deng
- Integrative Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Lee JS, Park BC, Ko YJ, Choi MK, Choi HG, Yong CS, Lee JS, Kim JA. Grifola frondosa(Maitake Mushroom) Water Extract Inhibits Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Induced Angiogenesis Through Inhibition of Reactive Oxygen Species and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Phosphorylation. J Med Food 2008; 11:643-51. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2007.0629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Suk Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chul Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyoung Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Soon Yong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Lee
- School of Food Technology and Food Service Industry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Švagelj M, Berovič M, Boh B, Menard A, Simčič S, Wraber B. Solid-state cultivation of Grifola frondosa (Dicks: Fr) S.F. Gray biomass and immunostimulatory effects of fungal intra- and extracellular β-polysaccharides. N Biotechnol 2008; 25:150-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2008.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Accepted: 08/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Borchers AT, Krishnamurthy A, Keen CL, Meyers FJ, Gershwin ME. The immunobiology of mushrooms. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2008; 233:259-76. [PMID: 18296732 DOI: 10.3181/0708-mr-227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been enormous interest in the biologic activity of mushrooms and innumerable claims have been made that mushrooms have beneficial effects on immune function with subsequent implications for inhibition of tumor growth. The majority of these observations are anecdotal and often lack standardization. However, there remains considerable data on both in vitro and in vivo effects that reflect on the potential of mushroom compounds to influence human immunity. A number of these effects are beneficial but, unfortunately, many responses are still characterized based on phenomenology and there is more speculation than substance. With respect to tumor biology, although many neoplastic lesions are immunogenic, tumor antigens frequently are self antigens and induce tolerance and many patients with cancer exhibit suppressed immune responses, including defective antigen presentation. Therefore, if and when mushroom extracts are effective, they more likely function as a result of improved antigen presentation by dendritic cells than by a direct cytopathic effect. In this review we attempt to place these data in perspective, with a particular focus on dendritic cell populations and the ability of mushroom extracts to modulate immunity. There is, at present, no scientific basis for the use of either mushrooms or mushroom extracts in the treatment of human patients but there is significant potential for rigorous research to understand the potential of mushrooms in human disease and thence to focus on appropriate clinical trials to demonstrate effectiveness and/ or potential toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea T Borchers
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 451 E. Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Ta HT, Dass CR, Dunstan DE. Injectable chitosan hydrogels for localised cancer therapy. J Control Release 2008; 126:205-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2007] [Accepted: 11/26/2007] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Masuda Y, Murata Y, Hayashi M, Nanba H. Inhibitory Effect of MD-Fraction on Tumor Metastasis: Involvement of NK Cell Activation and Suppression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule (ICAM)-1 Expression in Lung Vascular Endothelial Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:1104-8. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Masuda
- Department of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University
| | - Yukihito Murata
- Department of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University
| | | | - Hiroaki Nanba
- Department of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University
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Cassileth BR, Deng GE, Gomez JE, Johnstone PAS, Kumar N, Vickers AJ. Complementary therapies and integrative oncology in lung cancer: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest 2007; 132:340S-354S. [PMID: 17873179 DOI: 10.1378/chest.07-1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This chapter aims to differentiate between "alternative" therapies, often promoted falsely as viable options to mainstream lung cancer treatment, and complementary therapies, adjunctive, effective techniques that treat symptoms associated with cancer and its mainstream treatment, and to describe the evidence base for use of complementary therapies. METHODS AND DESIGN A multidisciplinary panel of experts in oncology and integrative medicine evaluated the evidence for complementary (not alternative) therapies in the care of patients with lung cancer. Because few complementary modalities are geared to patients with only a single cancer diagnosis, symptom-control research conducted with other groups of patients with cancer was also included. Data on complementary therapies such as acupuncture, massage therapy, mind-body therapies, herbs and other botanicals, and exercise were evaluated. Recommendations were based on the strength of evidence and the risk-to-benefit ratio. RESULTS Patients with lung and other poor-outlook cancers are particularly vulnerable to heavily promoted claims for unproved or disproved "alternatives." Inquiring about patients' use of these therapies should be routine because these practices may be harmful and can delay or impair treatment. Mind-body modalities and massage therapy can reduce anxiety, mood disturbance, and chronic pain. Acupuncture assists the control of pain and other side effects and helps reduce levels of pain medication required. Trials of acupuncture for chemotherapy-induced neuropathy and postthoracotomy pain show promising results. Herbal products and other dietary supplements should be evaluated for side effects and potential interactions with chemotherapy and other medications. CONCLUSIONS Complementary therapies have an increasingly important role in the control of symptoms associated with cancer and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barrie R Cassileth
- Laurance S. Rockefeller Chair in Integrative Medicine, Chief, Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1429 First Ave at Seventy-Fourth St, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Yim MH, Shin JW, Son JY, Oh SM, Han SH, Cho JH, Cho CK, Yoo HS, Lee YW, Son CG. Soluble components of Hericium erinaceum induce NK cell activation via production of interleukin-12 in mice splenocytes. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2007; 28:901-7. [PMID: 17506950 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2007.00577.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the immunoregulatory functions of water extracts of Hericium erinaceum (WEHE) focusing on natural killer (NK) cell-based anticancer activities. METHODS Mouse splenocytes or purely isolated NK cells were stimulated with 1-100 mg/L WEHE for 24 h followed by co-culture with (51)Cr-labeled Yac-1 cells for 4 h, then NK cell-derived cytolytic activity was measured using a radio-release assay. Neutralizing antibodies against mouse interleukin-12 (IL-12) were added into the WEHE-stimulated splenocytes, thereafter, cytotoxicity was measured to examine the involvement of IL-12. RT-PCR and ELISA analyses were performed to confirm the induction of transcription and the translation of IL-12 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in the WEHE-treated splenocytes. RESULTS WEHE enhanced the cytolytic activity of total splenocytes towards Yac-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. However, this activation was not observed when the NK cells isolated from the splenocytes were treated with WEHE. Furthermore, the treatment with antibodies against IL-12 abolished the effect of WEHE on splenocyte-derived cytolytic activity. RT-PCR and ELISA analyses showed the induction of IL-12 and IFN-gamma in the WEHE-treated splenocytes. CONCLUSION WEHE indirectly activates the cytolytic ability of NK cells via the induction of IL-12 in total splenocytes, and possibly via other immuno-mediators or cellular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Hyun Yim
- East-West Cancer Center, Dunsan Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon 302-122, Korea
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Wu D, Pae M, Ren Z, Guo Z, Smith D, Meydani SN. Dietary supplementation with white button mushroom enhances natural killer cell activity in C57BL/6 mice. J Nutr 2007; 137:1472-7. [PMID: 17513409 DOI: 10.1093/jn/137.6.1472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are reported to possess antitumor, antiviral, and antibacterial properties. These effects of mushrooms are suggested to be due to their ability to modulate immune cell functions. However, a majority of these studies evaluated the effect of administering extracts of exotic mushrooms through parental routes, whereas little is known about the immunological effect of a dietary intake of white button mushrooms, which represent 90% of mushrooms consumed in the U.S. In this study, we fed C57BL/6 mice a diet containing 0, 2, or 10% (wt/wt) white button mushroom powder for 10 wk and examined indices of innate and cell-mediated immunity. Mushroom supplementation enhanced natural killer (NK) cell activity, and IFNgamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) production, but only tended to increase IL-2 (P = 0.09) and did not affect IL-10 production by splenocytes. There were significant correlations between NK activity and production of IFNgamma (r = 0.615, P < 0.001) and TNFalpha (r = 0.423, P = 0.032) in splenocytes. Mushroom supplementation did not affect macrophage production of IL-6, TNFalpha, prostaglandin E(2), nitric oxide, and H(2)O(2), nor did it alter the percentage of total T cells, helper T cells (CD4(+)), cytotoxic or suppressive T cells (CD8(+)), regulatory T cells (CD4(+)/CD25(+)), total B cells, macrophages, and NK cells in spleens. These results suggest that increased intake of white button mushrooms may promote innate immunity against tumors and viruses through the enhancement of a key component, NK activity. This effect might be mediated through increased IFNgamma and TNFalpha production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Wu
- Nutritional Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Kodama N, Murata Y, Asakawa A, Inui A, Hayashi M, Sakai N, Nanba H. Maitake D-Fraction enhances antitumor effects and reduces immunosuppression by mitomycin-C in tumor-bearing mice. Nutrition 2005; 21:624-9. [PMID: 15850970 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2004.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2004] [Accepted: 09/23/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE D-Fraction, a polysaccharide extracted from maitake mushrooms (Grifola frondosa), has been reported to exhibit an antitumor effect through activation of immunocompetent cells, including macrophages and T cells, with modulation of the balance between T-helper 1 and 2 cells. We examined whether D-Fraction could decrease the effective dosage of the chemotherapeutic agent, mitomycin-C (MMC), necessary to control carcinoma in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS We determined that 0.25 mg.kg-1.d-1 was the optimal dosage of MMC because consecutive administration for 17 d resulted in antitumor effects and a survival ratio of 100% in mice bearing mammary cancer cells (MM-46). Although the dosage of MMC was lower than the effective level, spleen weight and total number of nuclear cells in the mouse spleen decreased, indicating that MMC showed immunosuppressive activity. In contrast, the combination of D-Fraction and MMC recovered the decreases in the dose response induced by MMC and inhibited tumor cell growth more than MMC alone. These effects were achieved through increased immunocompetent cell proliferation. We evaluated the expression of CD28 on splenic CD8+ T cells and the amount of interleukin-12 produced by whole spleen cells including macrophages after administering D-Fraction. The results showed enhancement of the T-helper 1 dominant response. CONCLUSION These results suggest that D-Fraction can decrease the effective dosage in tumor-bearing mice by increasing the proliferation, differentiation, and activation of immunocompetent cells and thus provide a potential clinical benefit for patients with cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Carcinoma/drug therapy
- Carcinoma/immunology
- Carcinoma/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Synergism
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Grifola/chemistry
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Male
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/drug therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Mitomycin/therapeutic use
- Polysaccharides/pharmacology
- Spleen/cytology
- Spleen/immunology
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th1 Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Kodama
- Department of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan.
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Zaidman BZ, Yassin M, Mahajna J, Wasser SP. Medicinal mushroom modulators of molecular targets as cancer therapeutics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2005; 67:453-68. [PMID: 15726350 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-004-1787-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2004] [Revised: 09/27/2004] [Accepted: 10/02/2004] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Empirical approaches to discover anticancer drugs and cancer treatments have made limited progress in the past several decades in finding a cure for cancer. The expanded knowledge of the molecular basis of tumorigenesis and metastasis, together with the inherently vast structural diversity of natural compounds found in mushrooms, provided unique opportunities for discovering new drugs that rationally target the abnormal molecular and biochemical signals leading to cancer. This review focuses on mushroom low-molecular-weight secondary metabolites targeting processes such as apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, cell cycle regulation, and signal transduction cascades. Also discussed in this review are high-molecular-weight polysaccharides or polysaccharide-protein complexes from mushrooms that appear to enhance innate and cell-mediated immune responses, exhibit antitumor activities in animals and humans, and demonstrate the anticancer properties of selenium compounds accumulated in mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Zion Zaidman
- Biodiversity and Biotechnology Center of Cryptogamic Plants and Fungi, The Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Israel
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Ruel-Gariépy E, Shive M, Bichara A, Berrada M, Le Garrec D, Chenite A, Leroux JC. A thermosensitive chitosan-based hydrogel for the local delivery of paclitaxel. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2005; 57:53-63. [PMID: 14729080 DOI: 10.1016/s0939-6411(03)00095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A novel injectable thermosensitive in situ gelling hydrogel has been developed. The system, which falls under the BST-Gel platform technology developed at Biosyntech Inc. (Laval, QC, Canada), consists of a chitosan solution (C) neutralized with beta-glycerophosphate (GP) that is liquid at room temperature but gels when heated to body temperature. We propose to use this thermosensitive hydrogel for the sustained release of paclitaxel at tumor resection sites in order to prevent local tumor recurrence. The in vitro release profiles demonstrated controlled delivery over 1 month. The initial drug loading substantially affected the release. Local delivery of paclitaxel from the formulation injected intratumorally was investigated using EMT-6 tumors implanted subcutaneously on Balb/c mice. These experiments showed that one intratumoral injection of the thermosensitive hydrogel containing paclitaxel was as efficacious as four intravenous injections of Taxol in inhibiting the growth of EMT-6 cancer cells in mice, but in a less toxic manner. Further histological analysis revealed that while the proportion of necrotic areas was similar for the C/GP/paclitaxel and the Taxol-treated tumors, a disparity between tumor-associated inflammatory cell populations may suggest differing anti-tumor mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Ruel-Gariépy
- Canada Research Chair in Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Kodama N, Murata Y, Nanba H. Administration of a polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa stimulates immune function of normal mice. J Med Food 2004; 7:141-5. [PMID: 15298759 DOI: 10.1089/1096620041224012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have reported that D-Fraction, a polysaccharide extracted from the edible maitake mushroom (Grifola frondosa), activates immunocompetent cells, thereby eliciting antitumor activity. To extend the application of D-Fraction as a nutritional supplement for healthy people as well as treatment for those with cancer, we investigated the effects of D-Fraction on the immune system in normal C3H/HeJ mice. Splenocytes from mice administered D-Fraction intraperitoneally for 17 consecutive days were cultured, and the culture supernatants were analyzed for nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin (IL)-12 production by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including macrophages and dendritic cells, and also for the T helper (Th)-1 cytokine interferon (IFN)-gamma and the Th-2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. The level of IL-10 as well as those of NO and IFN-gamma were increased by D-Fraction as compared with the control, in which the serum immunoglobulin E level was increased. The results suggest that D-Fraction induced a Th-2 dominant response through the activation of macrophages, resulting in the enhancement of humoral immunity rather than cell-mediated immunity. Furthermore, an increase in the percentage ratio of CD69 and CD89 expression on major histocompatibility complex II(+) cells revealed activation of APCs 4 h after D-Fraction administration. These results indicate that D-Fraction enhances both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune response in normal mice. Therefore, its administration may enhance host defense against foreign pathogens and protect healthy individuals from infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Kodama
- Department of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 19-1 Motoyama-kitamachi 4-chome, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
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Harada N, Kodama N, Nanba H. Relationship between dendritic cells and the D-fraction-induced Th-1 dominant response in BALB/c tumor-bearing mice. Cancer Lett 2003; 192:181-7. [PMID: 12668282 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(02)00716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are known to not only induce the activation of T cells, but are also associated with the differentiation of T cells. The D-fraction, a beta-glucan extracted from maitake (Grifola frondosa) which expresses anti-tumor effects by establishing a helper (Th)-1 dominance in BALB/c mice, enhanced IL-12p70 production by DCs, when the ratio of CD8alpha(+) DCs to CD8alpha(-) DCs increased. In addition, examination of the tumor rejection effect of D-fraction-stimulated DCs loaded with tumor antigen revealed that tumor growth is inhibited completely by activating CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachi Harada
- Department of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, 658-8558, Kobe, Japan
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