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Grasseau I, Couty I, Grimaud-Jottreau I, Vitorino Carvalho A. Glycerol is not suitable for the cryopreservation of quail semen. Br Poult Sci 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38819327 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2357671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
1. This study investigated the potential use of glycerol as a cryoprotectant for quail sperm cells. Its role in maintaining sperm fertilising ability in vivo and in vitro quality parameters, such as motility, was assessed.2. The data showed that the presence of glycerol in semen samples was associated with infertility, which suggested that removal prior to insemination is mandatory. Removal through serial dilution centrifugation was associated with fewer than 5% of motile sperm cells and resulted in no fertility.3. In conclusion, glycerol alone is not suitable for quail semen cryopreservation, and other approaches need to be investigated to develop cryobanking programmes for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Grasseau
- INRAE, CNRS, IFCE, PRC, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - I Couty
- INRAE, CNRS, IFCE, PRC, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
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Sritabtim K, Prukudom S, Piyasanti Y, Chaipipat S, Kuwana T, Jurutha J, Sinsiri R, Tirawattanawanich C, Siripattarapravat K. First study on repeatable culture of primordial germ cells from various embryonic regions with giant feeder cells in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Theriogenology 2024; 213:43-51. [PMID: 37797528 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Japanese quail (JQ, Coturnix japonica) is a farmed animal with a high economic value and has been used extensively as an avian model for research. Germline chimera production based on cryopreserved primordial germ cells (PGCs) is possible for conservation management of quail breeds as successful isolation has been reported of PGCs from their blood and gonads. However, the repeatable cultivation protocol has not been elucidated yet, which has hindered technological development. The current study characterized cultivation of pregonadal PGCs isolated from embryonic parts; embryonic blood (cPGCs), whole embryonic tissues (tPGCs), parts of tail buds (tbPGCs), and a mixture of blood and tail bud tissues (ctbPGCs). The results showed that the cultivation system required the presence of specific embryonic cells to act as a feeder for JQ-PGCs and that such a system facilitated more successful cultivation, as shown by the percentages of isolation and cultivation in tbPGCs (100%, 100%, respectively), tPGCs (60%, 55%, respectively), and ctbPGCs (60%, 30%, respectively), but not in cPGCs (0%) cultured on a mitomycin-treated JQ feeder cell-line. Once the co-culture system had been established, the PGCs could be propagated for at least 5 months. These PGCs expressed germ cell-specific markers (DAZL and CVH) and could colonize embryonic gonads. Conclusively, the isolation of pregonadal PGCs and their long-term cultivation in vitro requires a unique embryonic cell, giant cell feeder, that is indispensable for the proliferation of PGCs. Characterization of cell signaling sustaining a mutual interaction between the PGCs and the specific feeder cells will elucidate a superior environment for in vitro cultivation, as well as support the minimal transfer of used xenobiotics in chimera production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornkanok Sritabtim
- Center for Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory - Bangkhen, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sukumal Prukudom
- Center for Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory - Bangkhen, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yanika Piyasanti
- Center for Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory - Bangkhen, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suparat Chaipipat
- Center for Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory - Bangkhen, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology:(AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Juthathip Jurutha
- Center for Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory - Bangkhen, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungthiwa Sinsiri
- Center for Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory - Bangkhen, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanin Tirawattanawanich
- Center for Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory - Bangkhen, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kannika Siripattarapravat
- Center for Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory - Bangkhen, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology:(AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Chaipipat S, Sritabtim K, Piyasanti Y, Prukudom S, Jurutha J, Phetpila V, Sinsiri R, Kammongkun J, Molee A, Thiangtum K, Siripattarapravat K. Initiative on Avian Primordial Germ Cell Cryobanking in Thailand. Biopreserv Biobank 2023; 21:458-466. [PMID: 36169626 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2022.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Biobanking the reproductive tissues or cells of animals preserves the genetic and reproductive ability of the species in long-term storage and promotes sharing of reproductive materials. In avian species, the primordial germ cell (PGC) is one of the most promising reproductive cells to be preserved in biobanks, due to self-renewal properties and direct access to the germ line mediated by PGC transfer. Methods: To conserve the genetic resource of local chicken breeds that are of conservation importance, we systematically isolated two types of pregonadal PGCs from chicken embryos-circulating and tissue PGCs. PGCs of individual embryos were separately isolated, cultured, and cryopreserved. Characteristics of cultured PGCs are described and evaluated. Results: The efficiency of PGC isolation from individual embryos was 98.9% (660/667). In most cases, both matching circulating and tissue PGC lines were isolated from the same embryo (68.2%, 450/660), whereas the remaining lines were from a single source, being either tissue (30.6%, 202/660) or circulating (1.2%, 8/660). Efficient PGC isolation and proliferation can be expected in cultures of circulating PGCs (68.7% and 64.3%, respectively) and tissue PGCs (97.8% and 80.7%, respectively). Following cryopreservation, recovered cells sustained PGC identities including expression of chicken vasa homolog and deleted in azoospermia-like proteins and migration ability to recipient embryonic gonads. Culture conditions equally supported proliferation of circulating and tissue PGCs from both sexes. Combining tissue PGC culture in the regimen prevented 30.3% loss of PGC cultures in the case where circulating PGC culture was ineffective. Cultured circulating and tissue PGCs were similar in morphology, but optimal culture characteristics were different. Conclusion: We applied the approach of PGC isolation from blood and tissue origins on a wide scale and demonstrated its efficiency for biobanking chicken PGCs. The workflow can be operated effectively almost year-round in a tropical climate. It was also described in ample and practical details, which are suitable for adoption or optimization in other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suparat Chaipipat
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kornkanok Sritabtim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yanika Piyasanti
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sukumal Prukudom
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Juthathip Jurutha
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vimolrat Phetpila
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungthiwa Sinsiri
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bangkhen Campus, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jennarong Kammongkun
- Bureau of Animal Husbandry and Genetic Improvement, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amonrat Molee
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Khongsak Thiangtum
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kannika Siripattarapravat
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bangkhen Campus, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Holt WV, Comizzoli P. Conservation Biology and Reproduction in a Time of Developmental Plasticity. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1297. [PMID: 36139136 PMCID: PMC9496186 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review is to ask whether, and how, principles in conservation biology may need to be revisited in light of new knowledge about the power of epigenetics to alter developmental pathways. Importantly, conservation breeding programmes, used widely by zoological parks and aquariums, may appear in some cases to reduce fitness by decreasing animals' abilities to cope when confronted with the 'wild side' of their natural habitats. Would less comfortable captive conditions lead to the selection of individuals that, despite being adapted to life in a captive environment, be better able to thrive if relocated to a more natural environment? While threatened populations may benefit from advanced reproductive technologies, these may actually induce undesirable epigenetic changes. Thus, there may be inherent risks to the health and welfare of offspring (as is suspected in humans). Advanced breeding technologies, especially those that aim to regenerate the rarest species using stem cell reprogramming and artificial gametes, may also lead to unwanted epigenetic modifications. Current knowledge is still incomplete, and therefore ethical decisions about novel breeding methods remain controversial and difficult to resolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- William V. Holt
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The Medical School Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Pierre Comizzoli
- Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC 20008, USA
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Iaffaldano N, Di Iorio M, Rusco G, Antenucci E, Zaniboni L, Madeddu M, Marelli S, Schiavone A, Soglia D, Buccioni A, Cassandro M, Castellini C, Marzoni M, Cerolini S. Italian semen cryobank of autochthonous chicken and turkey breeds: a tool for preserving genetic biodiversity. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1993094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaia Iaffaldano
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italia
| | - Michele Di Iorio
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italia
| | - Giusy Rusco
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italia
| | - Emanuele Antenucci
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italia
| | - Luisa Zaniboni
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell’Università 6, Lodi, Italia
| | - Manuela Madeddu
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell’Università 6, Lodi, Italia
| | - Stefano Marelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell’Università 6, Lodi, Italia
| | - Achille Schiavone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Italia
| | - Dominga Soglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Italia
| | - Arianna Buccioni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italia
| | - Martino Cassandro
- Dipartimento di Agronomia Animali Alimenti Risorse Naturali e Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, Italia
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italia
| | | | - Silvia Cerolini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell’Università 6, Lodi, Italia
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Lázár B, Molnár M, Sztán N, Végi B, Drobnyák Á, Tóth R, Tokodyné Szabadi N, McGrew MJ, Gócza E, Patakiné Várkonyi E. Successful cryopreservation and regeneration of a partridge colored Hungarian native chicken breed using primordial germ cells. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101207. [PMID: 34242944 PMCID: PMC8271167 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the precursors of germline cells that generate sperm and ova in adults. Thus, they are promising tools for gene editing and genetic preservation, especially in avian species. In this study, we established stable male and female PGC lines from 6Hungarian indigenous chicken breeds with derivation rates ranging from 37.5 to 50 percent. We characterized the PGCs for expression of the germ cell-specific markers during prolonged culture in vitro. An in vivo colonization test was performed on PGCs from four Hungarian chicken breeds and the colonization rates were between 76 and 100%. Cryopreserved PGCs of the donor breed (Partridge color Hungarian) were injected into Black Transylvanian Naked Neck host embryos to form chimeric progeny that, after backcrossing, would permit reconstitution of the donor breed. For 24 presumptive chimeras 13 were male and 11 were female. In the course of backcrossing, 340 chicks were hatched and 17 of them (5%) were pure Partridge colored. Based on the backcrossing 1 hen and 3 roosters of the 24 presumptive chimeras (16.6%) have proven to be germline chimeras. Therefore, it was proven that the original breed can be recovered from primordial germ cells which are stored in the gene bank. To our knowledge, our study is a first that applied feeder free culturing conditions for both male and female cell lines successfully and used multiple indigenous chicken breeds to create a gene bank representing a region (Carpathian Basin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Lázár
- National Centre for Biodiversity and Gene Conservation, Institute for Farm Animal Gene Conservation, 200 Isaszegi street, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Department, 4 Szent-Györgyi Albert street, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
| | - Mariann Molnár
- National Centre for Biodiversity and Gene Conservation, Institute for Farm Animal Gene Conservation, 200 Isaszegi street, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Nikoletta Sztán
- National Centre for Biodiversity and Gene Conservation, Institute for Farm Animal Gene Conservation, 200 Isaszegi street, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Barbara Végi
- National Centre for Biodiversity and Gene Conservation, Institute for Farm Animal Gene Conservation, 200 Isaszegi street, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Árpád Drobnyák
- National Centre for Biodiversity and Gene Conservation, Institute for Farm Animal Gene Conservation, 200 Isaszegi street, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Roland Tóth
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Department, 4 Szent-Györgyi Albert street, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Tokodyné Szabadi
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Department, 4 Szent-Györgyi Albert street, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Michael J McGrew
- The Roslin Institute and Royal Dick School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, EH25 9RG, Midlothian, UK
| | - Elen Gócza
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Department, 4 Szent-Györgyi Albert street, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Eszter Patakiné Várkonyi
- National Centre for Biodiversity and Gene Conservation, Institute for Farm Animal Gene Conservation, 200 Isaszegi street, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
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Comizzoli P, Holt WV. Breakthroughs and new horizons in reproductive biology of rare and endangered animal species. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:514-525. [PMID: 30772911 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of higher extinction rates due to human and natural factors, more basic and applied research in reproductive biology is required to preserve wild species and design proper strategies leading to sustainable populations. The objective of the review is to highlight recent, inspiring breakthroughs in wildlife reproduction science that will set directions for future research and lead to more successes in conservation biology. Despite new tools and approaches allowing a better and faster understanding of key mechanisms, we still know little about reproduction in endangered species. Recently, the most striking advances have been obtained in nonmammalian species (fish, birds, amphibians, or corals) with the development of alternative solutions to preserve fertility or new information about parental nutritional influence on embryo development. A novel way has also been explored to consider the impact of environmental changes on reproduction-the allostatic load-in a vast array of species (from primates to fish). On the horizon, genomic tools are expected to considerably change the way we study wildlife reproduction and develop a concept of "precision conservation breeding." When basic studies in organismal physiology are conducted in parallel, new approaches using stem cells to create artificial gametes and gonads, innovations in germplasm storage, and more research on reproductive microbiomes will help to make a difference. Lastly, multiple challenges (for instance, poor integration of new tools in conservation programs, limited access to study animals, or few publication options) will have to be addressed if we want reproductive biology to positively impact conservation of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Comizzoli
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington DC, USA
| | - William V Holt
- Academic Unit of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Thélie A, Bailliard A, Seigneurin F, Zerjal T, Tixier-Boichard M, Blesbois E. Chicken semen cryopreservation and use for the restoration of rare genetic resources. Poult Sci 2019; 98:447-455. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Comparison of the MicroRNA Expression Profiles of Male and Female Avian Primordial Germ Cell Lines. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:1780679. [PMID: 30123283 PMCID: PMC6079386 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1780679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the precursors of adult germ cells, and among the embryonic stem-like cells in the bird embryo, only they can transmit the genetic information to the next generation. Despite the wide range of applications, very little is known about the mechanism that governs primordial germ cell self-renewal and differentiation. As a first step, we compared 12 newly established chicken PGC lines derived from two different chicken breeds, performing CCK-8 proliferation assay. All of the lines were derived from individual embryos. A significant difference was found among the lines. As microRNAs have been proved to play a key role in the maintenance of pluripotency and the cell cycle regulation of stem cells, we continued with a complex miRNA analysis. We could discover miRNAs expressing differently in PGC lines with high proliferation rate, compared to PGC lines with low proliferation rate. We found that gga-miR-2127 expresses differently in female and male cell lines. The microarray analysis also revealed high expression level of the gga-miR-302b-3p strand (member of the miR-302/367 cluster) in slowly proliferating PGC lines compared to the gga-miR-302b-5p strand. We confirmed that the inhibition of miR-302b-5p significantly increases the doubling time of the examined PGC lines. In conclusion, we found that gga-miR-181-5p, gga-miR-2127, and members of the gga-miR-302/367 cluster have a dominant role in the regulation of avian primordial germ cell proliferation.
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Yakhkeshi S, Rahimi S, Sharafi M, Hassani S, Taleahmad S, Shahverdi A, Baharvand H. In vitro improvement of quail primordial germ cell expansion through activation of TGF‐beta signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:4309-4319. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Yakhkeshi
- Department of Poultry ScienceFaculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Shaban Rahimi
- Department of Poultry ScienceFaculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mohsen Sharafi
- Department of Poultry ScienceFaculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Seyedeh‐Nafiseh Hassani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Sara Taleahmad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Abdolhossein Shahverdi
- Department of EmbryologyReproductive Biomedicine Research CenterRoyan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
- Department of Developmental BiologyUniversity of Science and CultureTehranIran
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Tonus C, Connan D, Waroux O, Vandenhove B, Wayet J, Gillet L, Desmecht D, Antoine N, Ectors F, Grobet L. Cryopreservation of chicken primordial germ cells by vitrification and slow freezing: A comparative study. Theriogenology 2017; 88:197-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) generate new individuals through differentiation, maturation and fertilization. This means that the manipulation of PGCs is directly linked to the manipulation of individuals, making PGCs attractive target cells in the animal biotechnology field. A unique biological property of avian PGCs is that they circulate temporarily in the vasculature during early development, and this allows us to access and manipulate avian germ lines. Following the development of a technique for transplantation, PGCs have become central to avian biotechnology, in contrast to the use of embryo manipulation and subsequent transfer to foster mothers, as in mammalian biotechnology. Today, avian PGC transplantation combined with recent advanced manipulation techniques, including cell purification, cryopreservation, depletion, and long-term culture in vitro, have enabled the establishment of genetically modified poultry lines and ex-situ conservation of poultry genetic resources. This chapter introduces the principles, history, and procedures of producing avian germline chimeras by transplantation of PGCs, and the current status of avian germline modification as well as germplasm cryopreservation. Other fundamental avian reproductive technologies are described, including artificial insemination and embryo culture, and perspectives of industrial applications in agriculture and pharmacy are considered, including poultry productivity improvement, egg modification, disease resistance impairment and poultry gene "pharming" as well as gene banking.
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Abstract
The majority of poultry genetic resources are maintained in situ in living populations. However, in situ conservation of poultry genetic resources always carries the risk of loss owing to pathogen outbreaks, genetic problems, breeding cessation, or natural disasters. Cryobanking of germplasm in birds has been limited to the use of semen, preventing conservation of the W chromosome and mitochondrial DNA. A further challenge is posed by the structure of avian eggs, which restricts the cryopreservation of ova and fertilized embryos, a technique widely used for mammalian species. By using a unique biological property and accessibility of avian primordial germ cells (PGCs), precursor cells for gametes, which temporally circulate in the vasculature during early development, an avian PGC transplantation technique has been established. To date, several techniques for PGC manipulation including purification, cryopreservation, depletion, and long-term culture have been developed in chickens. PGC transplantation combined with recent advanced PGC manipulation techniques have enabled ex situ conservation of poultry genetic resources in their complete form. Here, the updated technologies for avian PGC manipulation are introduced, and then the concept of a poultry PGC-bank is proposed by considering the biological properties of avian PGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Nakamura
- Division of Germ Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
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