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Ameen AAM. Uterodilation effect of unripe fruit extract of Crataegus azarolus var. aronia L. on rat uterine smooth muscles. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 169:106783. [PMID: 37726053 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Crataegus azarolus var. aronia L. (C. aronia) is one of the most important medicinal plants used widely in folk medicine for the prevention of several diseases due to its content of several bioactive compounds like phenolic acid, aromatic amines, proanthocyanidins and flavonoids. This study investigated the uterodilation effect of methanol extract (ME) of C. aronia unripe fruit on the uterine smooth muscle in rats. The mechanism of action underlying the plant's extract was also screened. The unripe fruits were cleaned and extracted in methanol. The extract (1.9-4 mg/ml) was tested on rat uterine relaxation in calcium-free Kreb's solution and potassium chloride-induced uterine contraction. The plant extract was also studied in the presence of antagonists in separate experiments to determine the role of various ion channels and hyperpolarizing agents. The plant extract showed an uterodilation effect on the uterus, in which the ME produced a considerable relaxant effect. The results confirmed that the induced dilation was mediated mainly by the nitric oxide pathway and the activation of potassium channels with a limited role of the prostaglandin pathway and calcium channel activation. This in-vitro study provides the first scientific evidence of the claimed effect of C. aronia on uterine relaxation.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Shaban M, Matos Noboa C, Trinh T. Pre-workout Induced Demand Ischemia. Cureus 2023; 15:e33694. [PMID: 36793833 PMCID: PMC9925028 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-workout supplement use has increased in recent years. Multiple side effects and off-labeled substances have been reported. We report a case of a 35-year-old patient who recently started a pre-workout and was found to have sinus tachycardia, elevated troponin, and subclinical hyperthyroidism. The echocardiogram showed normal ejection fraction and no wall motion abnormality. Beta-blockade therapy with propranolol was offered, but she refused, and her symptoms and troponin levels improved after proper hydration within 36 hours. A cautious and accurate assessment of young, fitness-enthusiastic patients experiencing unusual chest pain is essential to identify a reversible cardiac injury and possible off-label substances in over-the-counter supplements.
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Ren B, Zhu Y. A New Perspective on Thyroid Hormones: Crosstalk with Reproductive Hormones in Females. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052708. [PMID: 35269847 PMCID: PMC8911152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that thyroid hormones (THs) are vital for female reproductive system homeostasis. THs regulate the reproductive functions through thyroid hormone receptors (THRs)-mediated genomic- and integrin-receptor-associated nongenomic mechanisms, depending on TH ligand status and DNA level, as well as transcription and extra-nuclear signaling transduction activities. These processes involve the binding of THs to intracellular THRs and steroid hormone receptors or membrane receptors and the recruitment of hormone-response elements. In addition, THs and other reproductive hormones can activate common signaling pathways due to their structural similarity and shared DNA consensus sequences among thyroid, peptide, and protein hormones and their receptors, thus constituting a complex and reciprocal interaction network. Moreover, THs not only indirectly affect the synthesis, secretion, and action of reproductive hormones, but are also regulated by these hormones at the same time. This crosstalk may be one of the pivotal factors regulating female reproductive behavior and hormone-related diseases, including tumors. Elucidating the interaction mechanism among the aforementioned hormones will contribute to apprehending the etiology of female reproductive diseases, shedding new light on the treatment of gynecological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingtao Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Yan Zhu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-21-64438416
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4
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Valavi E, Zaeemi M, Mohri M. Age-related changes in thyroid hormones, some serum oxidative biomarkers and trace elements and their relationships in healthy Saanen goat kids during the first three month of age. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:494-505. [PMID: 34510557 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-life diseases in dairy animals are main causes of economic loss in livestock production. Oxidative stress (OS) and thyroid hormones are important inter-related components in the normal physiology of this critical period of life. However, limited information regarding their physiology in goat kids is available. This study was conducted to investigate the age-related changes of thyroid hormones, some serum oxidative biomarkers and trace elements in healthy Saanen goat kids. METHODS Nineteen newborn healthy Saanen goat kids (14 females and five males) were studied longitudinally from birth until three months of age. Blood sampling was performed 24-48 h after birth and was repeated on 10 ± 2, 28 ± 2, 56 ± 2 and 84 ± 2 days of age. The serum levels of thyroid hormones, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), selenium (Se), manganese (Mn) and molybdenum (Mo) were measured. RESULTS Age-related changes were observed for all measured variables except for MDA (p < 0.05). A decreasing trend was detected throughout the study in thyroid hormones, T3: T4 ratio and Mn (p < 0.01). Some factors decreased from birth to day 10 (Se) or day 28 (TAC and GSH) and followed by an increasing trend that extended to day 84 (p < 0.01). There were significant correlations between thyroid hormones and TAC, as well as Mn levels (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results imply that specific age-related reference values are essential for proper interpretation of the serum level of thyroid hormones and Mn in Saanen goat kids during the first three months of life. In addition, given the high level of thyroid hormones particularly during the first days of life, and their relationship with oxidative biomarkers and trace elements, improving the antioxidant system in this critical period is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Valavi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Zaeemi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mohri
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Center of Excellence in Ruminant Abortion and Neonatal Mortality, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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5
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Kowalczyk-Zieba I, Staszkiewicz-Chodor J, Boruszewska D, Lukaszuk K, Jaworska J, Woclawek-Potocka I. Hypothyroidism Affects Uterine Function via the Modulation of Prostaglandin Signaling. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092636. [PMID: 34573602 PMCID: PMC8467780 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones control the functions of almost all body systems. Reproductive dysfunctions, such as abnormal sexual development, infertility, or irregularities in the reproductive cycle, might be associated with thyroid disorders. Uterine receptivity is the period when the uterus is receptive to the implantation of an embryo. During the receptivity period (implantation window), a newly formed blastocyst is incorporated into the uterine epithelium. Prostaglandins are well-known primary mediators of pathological conditions such as inflammation and cancer but are also essential for the physiology of female reproduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between hypothyroidism and changes in the prostaglandin signaling pathways in the uterus and in the process of uterine receptivity in a rat model. The results show that hypothyroidism impaired uterine receptivity by decreasing the level of E2 as well as decreasing the expression of the uterine-receptivity factors homeobox A10 and osteopontin. Moreover, hypothyroidism caused changes in the expression of elements of the prostaglandin E2, F2α, and I2 signaling pathways and changed the levels of those prostaglandins in the uterine tissue. The results suggest that the mechanisms by which hypothyroidism affects female reproductive abnormalities might involve the prostaglandin signaling pathway, resulting in a subsequent reduction in uterine receptivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Kowalczyk-Zieba
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.S.-C.); (D.B.); (J.J.); (I.W.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-895393114
| | - Joanna Staszkiewicz-Chodor
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.S.-C.); (D.B.); (J.J.); (I.W.-P.)
| | - Dorota Boruszewska
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.S.-C.); (D.B.); (J.J.); (I.W.-P.)
| | - Krzysztof Lukaszuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical Center of Postgraduate Education, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, 80-850 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Jaworska
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.S.-C.); (D.B.); (J.J.); (I.W.-P.)
| | - Izabela Woclawek-Potocka
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.S.-C.); (D.B.); (J.J.); (I.W.-P.)
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Tang Y, Li Y, Yu G, Ling Z, Zhong K, Zilundu PLM, Li W, Fu R, Zhou LH. MicroRNA-137-3p Protects PC12 Cells Against Oxidative Stress by Downregulation of Calpain-2 and nNOS. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:1373-1387. [PMID: 32594381 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The imbalance between excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and insufficient antioxidant defenses contribute to a range of neurodegenerative diseases. High ROS levels damage cellular macromolecules such as DNA, proteins and lipids, leading to neuron vulnerability and eventual death. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of the ROS regulation is not fully elucidated. Recently, an increasing number of studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) emerge as the targets in regulating oxidative stress. We recently reported the neuroprotective effect of miR-137-3p for brachial plexus avulsion-induced motoneuron death. The present study is sought to investigate whether miR-137-3p also could protect PC12 cells against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced neurotoxicity. By using cell viability assay, ROS assay, gene and protein expression assay, we found that PC-12 cells exposed to H2O2 exhibited decreased cell viability, increased expression levels of calpain-2 and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), whereas a decreased miR-137-3p expression. Importantly, restoring the miR-137-3p levels in H2O2 exposure robustly inhibited the elevated nNOS, calpain-2 and ROS expression levels, which subsequently improved the cell viability. Furthermore, the suppressive effect of miR-137-3p on the elevated ROS level under oxidative stress was considerably blunted when we mutated the binding site of calpain-2 targted by miR-137-3p, suggesting the critical role of calpain-2 involving the neuroprotective effect of miR-137-3p. Collectively, these findings highlight the neuroprotective role of miR-137-3p through down-regulating calpain and NOS activity, suggesting its potential role for combating oxidative stress insults in the neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingqin Li
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 51900, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangyin Yu
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zemin Ling
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Ke Zhong
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Prince L M Zilundu
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenfu Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Rao Fu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li-Hua Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Kaplan S, Türk A, Aydın H, Erten M, Kırıcı P. Vitamin D improves oxidative stress and histopathological damage in rat ovaries caused by hyperthyroidism. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 47:3551-3560. [PMID: 34291533 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the histopathological and biochemical efficacy of vitamin D on oxidative damage and fibrosis in rat ovaries induced by experimental hyperthyroidism. METHODS This study is a comparative, prospective experimental rat study. Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into four groups. Only distilled water was given to the rats in group 1 for 25 days. In group 2, 100 μg/day L-thyroxine was given to rats for 25 days. In Group 3, 100 μg/day L-thyroxine and 200 IU/day vitamin D were given to rats for 25 days. In group 4, only 200 IU/day vitamin D was administered for 25 days. RESULTS This study is the first to demonstrate the protective effect of vitamin D against ovarian damage caused by experimental hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism caused fibrotic degenerative changes in the ovaries and an increase in the fibrillin 1 score. It caused serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels to increase and serum E2 levels to decrease. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels increased in rats with hyperthyroidism. Vitamin D decreased MDA and TOS values and increased total antioxidant status (TAS) values in rats with hyperthyroidism. It also increased TSH values by causing a decrease in TT3 and TT4 values. It decreased fibrosis, follicle degeneration, stromal degeneration, and fibrillin 1 score in ovarian tissue. CONCLUSION Vitamin D has positive histopathological and biochemical effects on the oxidative stress and follicle damage caused by hyperthyroidism in ovarian tissue. Human studies with larger case populations should be conducted to evaluate the effects and clinical applications of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selçuk Kaplan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Adıyaman University School of Medicine, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Türk
- Department of Histology and Embryology Adıyaman, Adıyaman University School of Medicine, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Hasan Aydın
- Adıyaman University Facility of Pharmacy, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erten
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Public Health Lab, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Pınar Kırıcı
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Adıyaman University School of Medicine, Adıyaman, Turkey
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Chen J, Dou P, Xiao H, Dou D, Han X, Kuang H. Application of Proteomics and Metabonomics to Reveal the Molecular Basis of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizome for Ameliorating Hypothyroidism Instead of Hyperthyroidism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:664319. [PMID: 33959028 PMCID: PMC8095350 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.664319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As the treatments of diseases with Chinese herbs are holistic and characterized by multiple components, pathways, and targets, elucidating the efficacy of Chinese herbs in treating diseases, and their molecular basis, requires a comprehensive, network-based approach. In this study, we used a network pharmacology strategy, as well as in vivo proteomics and metabonomics, to reveal the molecular basis by which Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizome (AMR) ameliorates hypothyroidism. Eighteen main compounds from AMR and its fractions (volatile oil fraction, crude polysaccharides fraction, lactones fraction, oligosaccharide fraction, and atractyloside fraction) were identified by HPLC, and their targets were screened using the TCMSP database and Swiss Target Prediction. Disease targets were gathered from the TTD, CTD and TCMSP databases. Hub targets were screened by different plug-ins, such as Bisogene, Merge, and CytoNCA, in Cytoscape 3.7.1 software and analyzed for pathways by the DAVID database. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism pharmacological models were established through systems pharmacology based on proteomic and metabolomic techniques. Finally, AMR and its fractions were able to ameliorate the hypothyroidism model to different degrees, whereas no significant improvements were noted in the hyperthyroidism model. The lactones fraction and the crude polysaccharides fraction were considered the most important components of AMR for ameliorating hypothyroidism. These amelioration effects were achieved through promoting substance and energy metabolism. In sum, the integrative approach used in this study demonstrates how network pharmacology, proteomics, and metabolomics can be used effectively to elucidate the efficacy, molecular basis, and mechanism of action of medicines used in TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Da Lian, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peiyuan Dou
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Da Lian, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Da Lian, China
| | - Deqiang Dou
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Da Lian, China
| | - Xueying Han
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Da Lian, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Han X, Xiao H, Chen J, Xu W, Dou D. The substance basis of Poria ameliorates hypothyroidism other than hyperthyroidism based on proteomics and metabolomics. FASEB J 2020; 34:11970-11982. [PMID: 32667083 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000984r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Integrated metabolomics and proteomics analysis was carried out to study the effects of Poria and its split components (volatile oil, triterpenoid, oligosaccharide, amino acid, and crude polysaccharide) on rats of normal physiological model, hyperthyroidism model, and hypothyroidism model to explore the substance basis of Poria for hypothyroidism from the perspective of a holistic view in substance and energy metalism. The key pathways regulating substance and energy metabolism were screened, encompassing tricarboxylic acid cycle pathway, glycolysis/ gluconeogenesis pathways, biosynthesis of amino acid pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, pentose phosphate pathway, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors pathway, etc Poria and its split components showed promoting effects on substance and energy metabolism in normal model, while showed amelioration effects on hypothyroidism model at different degrees, and had no significant improvement effects on hyperthyroidism in rats. Volatile oil, triterpenoid, and crude polysaccharide from Poria were regarded as substance basis of Poria ameliorating hypothyroidism other than hyperthyroidism. This work also revealed the feasibility of metabolomics and proteomics analysis to elucidate the effective substance basis of traditional Chinese medicine from a new viewpoint based on its effects on substance and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Han
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - Hang Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - Weiqun Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - Deqiang Dou
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
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10
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Nasir S, Ziaullah S, Alam S, Khan MM. Morphological spectrum of endometrium with thyroid hormone profile in infertile female population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:904-908. [PMID: 32704261 PMCID: PMC7372647 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.5.1791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To study the morphological spectrum of endometrial changes with the thyroid hormone levels in infertile women. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Health Care Centre and Madina Medical Laboratory, Peshawar from April 2013 to August 2013. Total 160 cases of infertile women were included in the study. Biopsies were taken on 22-23rd day of menstrual cycle. Statistical Analysis was performed using SPSS version 19 statistical program. Difference between endometrial findings of patients with normal thyroid profile and abnormal one were analyzed for statistical significance using Chi square test. Probability values p ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: In our study, majority infertile women were euthyroid (80%), followed by hyperthyroid (18%) and only two% to be hypothyroid. The correlation of endometrial morphology with thyroid hormones levels turned out to be insignificant. While correlating histological details of endometrial biopsy with thyroid hormone status, we found significant association of leukocytic infiltrate with thyroid hormone levels. Conclusion: This study shows that thyroid hormones may have role in early leukocytic infiltration into stroma, and a possibility of immune modulation by altered thyroid hormones in causing infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabeen Nasir
- Dr. Sabeen Nasir, MBBS, M. Phil., Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sara Ziaullah
- Dr. Sara Ziaullah, MBBS, M. Phil., Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Alam
- Dr. Sadaf Alam, MBBS, M. Phil., Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mumtaz Khan
- Dr. Muhammad Mumtaz Khan, MBBS, M. Phil., Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Rodríguez-Castelán J, Zepeda-Pérez D, Méndez-Tepepa M, Castillo-Romano M, Espíndola-Lozano M, Anaya-Hernández A, Berbel P, Cuevas-Romero E. Hypothyroidism Alters the Uterine Lipid Levels in Pregnant Rabbits and Affects the Fetal Size. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 19:818-825. [PMID: 30387404 PMCID: PMC7040509 DOI: 10.2174/1871530318666181102093621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism has been related to low-weight births, abortion and prematurity, which have been associated with changes in the content of glycogen and vascularization of the placenta. Since hypothyroidism can cause dyslipidemia, it may affect the lipid content in the uterus affecting the development of fetuses. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of hypothyroidism on the lipid levels in serum and uterus during pregnancy and their possible association with the size of fetuses. METHOD Adult female rabbits were grouped in control (n = 6) and hypothyroid (n = 6; treated with methimazole for 29 days before and 19 days after copulation). Food intake and body weight were daily registered. At gestational day 19 (GD19), dams were sacrificed under an overdose of anesthesia. Morphometric measures of fetuses were taken. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TAG), and glucose concentrations were quantified in blood, uterus and ovaries of dams. The expression of uterine 3β- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) was quantified by Western blot. RESULTS Hypothyroidism reduced food intake and body weight of dams, as well as promoted low abdominal diameters of fetuses. It did not induce dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia at GD19 and did not modify the content of lipids in the ovary. However, it reduced the content of TAG and TC in the uterus, which was associated with uterine hyperplasia and an increased expression of 3β-HSD in the uterus. CONCLUSION Hypothyroidism alters the lipid content in the uterus that might subsequently affect the energy production and lipid signaling important to fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rodríguez-Castelán
- Center Tlaxcala of Behavior Biology, Autonomous University of Tlaxcala. Tlaxcala, Mexico.,Departament of Celular and Molecular Neurobiology, Neurobiology Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dafne Zepeda-Pérez
- Center Tlaxcala of Behavior Biology, Autonomous University of Tlaxcala. Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Maribel Méndez-Tepepa
- Center Tlaxcala of Behavior Biology, Autonomous University of Tlaxcala. Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | | | | | - Arely Anaya-Hernández
- Center Tlaxcala of Behavior Biology, Autonomous University of Tlaxcala. Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Pere Berbel
- Department of Histology and Anatomy, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Estela Cuevas-Romero
- Center Tlaxcala of Behavior Biology, Autonomous University of Tlaxcala. Tlaxcala, Mexico
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12
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Krassas GE, Markou KB. The impact of thyroid diseases starting from birth on reproductive function. Hormones (Athens) 2019; 18:365-381. [PMID: 31734887 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-019-00156-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide relevant information regarding the impact of thyroid disease, starting from birth and mainly concerning hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, on reproduction. Hyperthyroidism occurs much less commonly in children than hypothyroidism, with Graves' disease (GD) being the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis in children. Children born with neonatal GD have no defects in the reproductive system that could be related to hyperthyroidism. Current treatment options include antithyroid drugs (ATD), surgery, and radioactive iodine (RAI). In males, normal thyroid function seems important, at least in some parameters, for maintenance of semen quality via genomic or non-genomic mechanisms, either by locally acting on Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, or germ cells, or by affecting crosstalk between the HPT axis and the HPG axis. Sexual behavior may also be affected in thyroxic men, although many of these patients may have normal free testosterone levels. In women, menstrual irregularities are the most common reproduction-related symptoms in thyrotoxicosis, while this disorder is also associated with reduced fertility, although most women remain ovulatory. An increase in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and androgens, thyroid autoimmunity, and an impact on uterine oxidative stress are the main pathophysiological mechanisms which may influence female fertility. Thyroid hormones are responsible for normal growth and development during pre- and postnatal life, congenital hypothyroidism (CH) being the most common cause of neonatal thyroid disorders, affecting about one newborn infant in 3500. The reproductive tract appears to develop normally in cretins. Today, CH-screening programs allow for early identification and treatment, and, as a result, affected children now achieve normal or near-normal development. Hypothyroidism in males is associated with decreased libido or impotence. Although little is currently known about the effects of hypothyroidism on spermatogenesis and fertility, it has been established that sperm morphology and motility are mainly affected. In women of reproductive age, hypothyroidism results in changes in cycle length and amount of bleeding. Moreover, a negative effect on fertility and higher miscarriage rates has also been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos E Krassas
- IASEIO Medical Center, Tz. Kennendy 115B, Pylea, 55535, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Wu Z, Cai Y, Xia Q, Liu T, Yang H, Wang F, Wang N, Yu Z, Yin C, Wang Q, Zhu D. Hashimoto's thyroiditis impairs embryo implantation by compromising endometrial morphology and receptivity markers in euthyroid mice. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2019; 17:94. [PMID: 31729993 PMCID: PMC6857235 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-019-0526-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although thyroid dysfunction caused by Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is believed to be related to implantation failure due to the underdevelopment of the receptive uterus, it is unknown whether HT itself, even in the euthyroid state, impairs embryo implantation associated with endometrial receptivity defects. To address whether HT itself can affect endometrial receptivity accompanied by implantation alterations, a euthyroid HT model was established in mice. METHODS Female NOD mice were immunized twice with thyroglobulin and adjuvant to induce the experimental HT model. Four weeks after the second treatment, the mice were normally mated, and pregnant ones were sacrificed in implantation window for thyroid-related parameter and steroid hormones measurements by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and implantation site number calculation by uptake of Chicago Blue dye. In addition, certain morphological features of endometrial receptivity were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and scanning electron microscopy, and the expression of other receptivity markers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR or Western Blot. RESULTS HT mice displayed intrathyroidal monocyte infiltration and elevated serum thyroid autoantibody levels without thyroid dysfunction, defined as euthyroid HT in humans. Euthyroid HT resulted in implantation failure, fewer pinopodes, retarded pinopode maturation, and inhibited expression of receptivity markers: estrogen receptor α (ERα), integrin β3, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Interestingly, despite this compromised endometrial receptivity response, no statistical differences in serum estradiol or progesterone level between groups were found. CONCLUSIONS These findings are the first to indicate that HT induces a nonreceptive endometrial milieu in the euthyroid state, which may underlie the detrimental effects of HT itself on embryo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangbi Wu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yaojun Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qin Xia
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chunying Yin
- Center for Integrative Imaging, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Qunan Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Defa Zhu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Bitencourt G, Fortunato ED, Panis C, Amorim EMP, de Arruda Amorim JP. Maternal exposure to triclosan causes fetal development restriction, deregulation of the oestrous cycle, and alters uterine tissue in rat offspring. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:1105-1113. [PMID: 31240815 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of maternal exposure to triclosan (TCS) during pregnancy and lactation on the uterine morphology of rat offspring. For this, 32 Wistar rat dams were distributed into four dose groups (eight mothers per group), and gavage daily, throughout pregnancy and lactation, as follows: Group I-control (GI): corn oil; Group II (GII): TCS diluted in corn oil at a dose of 75 mg/kg/d; Group III (GIII): TCS diluted in corn oil at a dose of 150 mg/kg/d; Group IV (GIV): TCS diluted in corn oil at a dose of 300 mg/kg/d. A female pup of each mother was selected, and at 90 days the pups were euthanized for weighing and collection of the uterus for histomorphometric analysis. The results showed that the mean litter weight was minor in all the groups treated with TCS, when compared with control. The levels thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) in TCS mother rats were reduced; however the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were increases. The offspring of all groups exposed to TCS presented deregulation of the estrous cycle, compared with control. Analysis of the uterine histological structure demonstrated that all layers of the uterus were affected by the administration of TCS, and the morphometric analysis showed increased uterine layers thickness in the treated groups. We concluded that maternal exposure to TCS during pregnancy and lactation causes intrauterine development restriction, deregulation of the oestrous cycle, and alters uterine tissue in rat offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carolina Panis
- State University of Western Parana (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elaine M P Amorim
- State University of Western Parana (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
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Silva JF, Ocarino NM, Serakides R. Thyroid hormones and female reproduction. Biol Reprod 2019; 99:907-921. [PMID: 29767691 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are vital for the proper functioning of the female reproductive system, since they modulate the metabolism and development of ovarian, uterine, and placental tissues. Therefore, hypo- and hyperthyroidism may result in subfertility or infertility in both women and animals. Other well-documented sequelae of maternal thyroid dysfunctions include menstrual/estral irregularity, anovulation, abortion, preterm delivery, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, postpartum thyroiditis, and mental retardation in children. Several studies have been carried out involving prospective and retrospective studies of women with thyroid dysfunction, as well as in vivo and in vitro assays of hypo- and hyperthyroidism using experimental animal models and/or ovarian, uterine, and placental cell culture. These studies have sought to elucidate the mechanisms by which thyroid hormones influence reproduction to better understand the physiology of the reproductive system and to provide better therapeutic tools for reproductive dysfunctions that originate from thyroid dysfunctions. Therefore, this review aims to summarize and update the available information related to the role of thyroid hormones in the morphophysiology of the ovary, uterus, and placenta in women and animals and the effects of hypo- and hyperthyroidism on the female reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juneo F Silva
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Natália M Ocarino
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rogéria Serakides
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Smith A, Thimmappa V, Boughter JD, Vanison C, Shires CB, Sebelik M. The effect of intrathyroidal versus intraperitoneal bevacizumab on thyroid volume and vasculature flow in a rat model. Gland Surg 2019; 8:212-217. [PMID: 31328099 DOI: 10.21037/gs.2018.09.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Several clinical conditions increase thyroid gland vascularity, impacting surgical blood loss. Bevacizumab has been observed to reduce thyroid function, possibly through its effect on gland angiogenesis. This study aimed to determine if bevacizumab has any effect on thyroid vascularity as measured by gland volume and superior thyroid artery (STA) flow velocity in the normal rat thyroid. Methods Sixteen adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were placed under general anesthesia to measure baseline thyroid gland characteristics. A Vevo 2100 high-frequency ultrasound with 40 mHz transducer was used to obtain STA flow measurements and thyroid gland dimensions. Four rats served as controls. Six rats received intrathyroidal (IT) injections and 6 received intraperitoneal (IP) injections of bevacizumab (4-5 mg/kg). After two weeks ultrasound measurements were repeated. Results Pretreatment animals displayed similar thyroid volume and vascularity. Thyroid volume decreased (62.583 vs. 42.161, P=0.004) after IP administration of bevacizumab, and blood flow measurements did not change [peak velocity 75.896 vs. 76.7, P=0.96, average velocity 45.748 vs. 43.867, P=0.88, or resistivity index (RI) 30.345 vs. 25.32, P=0.60]. IT bevacizumab did not change thyroid volume (55.229 vs. 58.16, P=0.64). The average peak (73.191 vs. 100.589 cm/s, P=0.03) and mean (45.047 vs. 62.843 m/s, P=0.03) velocities were increased, but did not differ in the RI (0.619 vs. 0.632, P=0.82). No differences were noted on VEGF or CD 31 immunohistochemical analysis. Conclusions Single systemic administration of bevacizumab appears to decrease thyroid volume without an effect on STA flow, VEGF or CD31 staining. These preliminary findings support further study of pharmacologic intervention in thyroid conditions characterized by increased angiogenesis and vascularity, such as iodine deficiency, Graves disease, and hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Vikrum Thimmappa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - John D Boughter
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Christopher Vanison
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Courtney B Shires
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Merry Sebelik
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Rodríguez-Castelán J, Del Moral-Morales A, Piña-Medina AG, Zepeda-Pérez D, Castillo-Romano M, Méndez-Tepepa M, Espindola-Lozano M, Camacho-Arroyo I, Cuevas-Romero E. Hypothyroidism induces uterine hyperplasia and inflammation related to sex hormone receptors expression in virgin rabbits. Life Sci 2019; 230:111-120. [PMID: 31129141 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In women, uterine alterations have been associated with sex steroid hormones. Sex hormones regulate the expression of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) in the uterus, but an inverse link is unknown. We analyzed the impact of hypothyroidism on histological characteristics, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), progesterone receptors (PR), estrogen receptors (ER), thyroid hormone receptors (TRs), perilipin (PLIN-A), and lipid content in the uterus of virgin rabbits. MAIN METHODS Twelve Chinchilla-breed adult female rabbits were grouped into control (n = 6) and hypothyroid (n = 6; 0.02% of methimazole for 30 days). The thickness of endometrium and myometrium, number of uterine glands, and infiltration of immune cells were analyzed. The expression of VEGF-A, PR, ERα, and PLIN-A was determined by RT-PCR and western blot. The uterine content of triglycerides (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) was quantified. KEY FINDINGS Hypothyroidism promoted uterine hyperplasia and a high infiltration of immune cells into the endometrium, including macrophages CD163+. It also increased the expression of VEGF-A, TRA, and ERα-66 but reduced that of PR and ERα-46. The uterine content of PLIN-A, TAG, and TC was reduced, but that of MDA was augmented in hypothyroid rabbits. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that uterine hyperplasia and inflammation promoted by hypothyroidism should be related to changes in the VEGF-A, PR, ER, and TRs expression, as well as to modifications in the PLIN-A expression, lipid content, and oxidative status. These results suggest that hypothyroidism should affect the fertility of females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rodríguez-Castelán
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico; Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de, Mexico
| | - Aylin Del Moral-Morales
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ana Gabriela Piña-Medina
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Dafne Zepeda-Pérez
- Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | | | - Maribel Méndez-Tepepa
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | | | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Estela Cuevas-Romero
- Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the mutual effects of overt hypothyroidism and prolonged sunlight exposure on free radical accumulation and oxidative skin damage. METHODS Free radical accumulation was evaluated by monitoring the transformation of 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) into MTT-formazan. The pro-oxidant enzymes xanthine oxidase (XO) and NADPH-diaphorase were measured in the skin. XO activity was estimated based on the yield of uric acid, while NADPH-diaphorase reactivity was monitored histochemically as an indirect marker of nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide activity. Cellular damage was determined by malondialdehyde formation, a marker for lipid peroxidation. RESULTS In the skin of both euthyroid and hypothyroid animals, solar simulated ultraviolet irradiance increased the activity of XO and the NADPHdiaphorase reactivity as a protective response to formation of free radicals, such as reactive oxygen or nitrogen species. These pro-oxidant enzymes diminished in hypothyroid rats. Accumulation of the same amount of free radicals led to similar peroxidation in both hypothyroid and irradiated euthyroid rats. Hypothyroid skin after UV-exposure showed even greater lipid peroxidation. DISCUSSION The hypothyroid state could be a risk factor for enhanced oxidative skin damage in chronic photo-exposed skin due to oxidative stress. The lipid peroxidation is one of the major pathways by which photo-oxidative stress promotes photocarcinogenesis and photo-aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgeta Bocheva
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine , Sofia Medical University , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Maria Valcheva-Traykova
- b Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine , Sofia Medical University , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Boycho Landzhov
- c Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Sofia Medical University , Sofia , Bulgaria
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Rostami S, Fathollahpour A, Abdi M, Naderi K. Alteration in Prooxidant-antioxidant Balance Associated with Selenium Concentration in Patients with Congenital Hypothyroidism. J Med Biochem 2018; 37:355-363. [PMID: 30598633 PMCID: PMC6298467 DOI: 10.1515/jomb-2017-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a paucity of studies regarding oxidative balance and selenium (Se) status in congenital hypothyroidism. Recently, more attention has been given to the use of Se supplementation as a new treatment for thyroid disorders. Oxidative stress increases in different thyroid disorders and causes many pathological outcomes. The present study aimed to determine the serum prooxidant-anti - oxidant balance (PAB), Se, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) concentration in congenital hypothyroidism (CH) patients and the association of their probable change with hematological indices. Methods Blood samples were collected from 60 healthy and 39 CH subjects. Serum PAB values were measured and Se, TSH, FT4 and hematological indices were determined. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 and p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Serum TSH concentration was significantly higher in CH patients group compared to the controls (p value < 0.05); however, FT4 was in the same concentration in patients and controls. Platelet (Plt) and lymphocytes (Lym) counts markedly decreased in all patients and showed a significant direct correlation with serum TSH levels (rs = 0.307, p value = 0.004 and rs = 0.413, p value < 0.0001). Serum PAB and Se had no significant correlation with he - mato logical indices in the studied subjects. Conclusions Although there was no correlation between PAB and also Se with hematologic and biochemical markers in CH patients, changes in these two factors might be considered as a potential risk factor due to the other known effects of high PAB values and low Se concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Rostami
- Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Asadollah Fathollahpour
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kejal Naderi
- Food and drugs control laboratory, Vice-chancellery for food and drugs, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Effects of the Administration of Thyroid Hormones in Cases of Hepatic Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury. Int Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.9738/intsurg-d-17-00108.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective:
Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury is the most important cause of cellular death and hepatic dysfunction following liver transplantation and resection. Our aim in this study is to reveal the early stage effects of thyroid hormone levels on hepatic IR injury that effectively act on cellular homeostasis.
Methods:
Forty-six male Wistar albino rats were divided into 6 groups as follows: euthyroid-sham (n = 8), euthyroid with IR injury (n = 8), hyperthyroid-sham (n = 7), hyperthyroid with IR injury (n = 7), hypothyroid-sham (n = 8), and hypothyroid with IR injury (n = 8). After 90 minutes of partial hepatic ischemia, 90 minutes of reperfusion was applied. Liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, catalase (CAT), glutathion peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities were measured. Hepatic tissue was immunohistochemically analyzed.
Results:
MDA levels of liver tissue were analyzed, and hepatic MDA levels in the hyper-IR group were found to be significantly lower (P = 0.002) than those of the hypo-IR and euthyroid-IR groups. Serum CAT levels did not differ between control groups, whereas CAT values in the hyper-IR group were detected to be significantly lower than in the euthyroid-IR and hypothyroid-IR groups (P = 0.003). However, levels of SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were not affected by the functional state of the thyroid. No statistically significant difference was seen in the results of the histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical staining of the liver tissue.
Conclusion:
The administration of thyroid hormone within a short time before IR injury may have protective effects.
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Wei Q, Fedail JS, Kong L, Zheng K, Meng C, Fadlalla MB, Shi F. Thyroid hormones alter estrous cyclicity and antioxidative status in the ovaries of rats. Anim Sci J 2017; 89:513-526. [PMID: 29214681 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To expand our understanding of the roles of thyroid hormones on female reproduction, we induced hypo- and hyper-T rat models to investigate the roles of thyroid hormones on estrous cyclicity, as well as the antioxidative status in the ovaries of rats. In the current study, our data show that hypothyroidism (hypo-T) and hyperthyroidism (hyper-T) led to significantly reduced body weights and ovarain weights and delayed vaginal opening day. For hyper-T, thyroxine (T4), tri-iodothyronine (T3), progesterone (P4) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were significantly increased, while estradiol (E2) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were significantly decreased. For hypo-T rats, serum levels of total T4 and T3, E2, P4, FSH and LH were significantly increased, while concentrations of E2 and LH were significantly decreased. For ovary morphology, the numbers of secondary and antral follicles were significantly decreased with more atretic antral follicles and less corpora lutea in both hyper- and hypo-T groups. Both hyper-T and hypo-T treatment significantly decreased the expressions of thyroid hormone receptor α1 in the ovary. Hypo-T significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO), total NO synthase (tNOS), inducible NOS and constitutive NOS activities, but hyper-T increased them. For antioxidative parameters, hypo-T and hyper-T treatment significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. The activities of both glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) significantly decreased in the hypo-T group but increased in the hyper-T group. Total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity was significantly increased in the hyper-T group. In summary, thyroid hormones alter estrous cyclicity and antioxidative status in the ovary of the rat may act through the NOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanwei Wei
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jaafar Sulieman Fedail
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingfa Kong
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaizhi Zheng
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunhua Meng
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Mohamed Babo Fadlalla
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Mehfooz A, Wei Q, Fadlalla MB, Siyal FA, Dhama K, Mao D, Shi F. Impaired Growth Performance and Testicular Cells Apoptosis Following Restraint Stress in Adult Hypothyroid Mice. INT J PHARMACOL 2017. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2017.541.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Rodríguez-Castelán J, Anaya-Hernández A, Méndez-Tepepa M, Martínez-Gómez M, Castelán F, Cuevas-Romero E. Distribution of thyroid hormone and thyrotropin receptors in reproductive tissues of adult female rabbits. Endocr Res 2017; 42:59-70. [PMID: 27268091 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2016.1182185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thyroid dysfunctions are related to anovulation, miscarriages, and infertility in women and laboratory animals. Mechanisms associated with these effects are unknown, although indirect or direct actions of thyroid hormones and thyrotropin could be assumed. The present study aimed to identify the distribution of thyroid hormones (TRs) and thyrotropin (TSHR) receptors in reproductive organs of female rabbits. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ovary of virgin and pregnant rabbits, as well as the oviduct, uterus, and vagina of virgin rabbits were excised, histologically processed, and cut. Slices from these organs were used for immunohistochemical studies for TRα1-2, TRß1, and TSHR. RESULTS The presence of TRs and TSHR was found in the primordial, primary, secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles of virgin rabbits, as well as in the corpora lutea, corpora albicans, and wall of hemorrhagic cysts of pregnant rabbits. Oviductal regions (fimbria-infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and utero-tubal junction), uterus (endometrium and myometrium), and vagina (abdominal, pelvic, and perineal portions) of virgin rabbits showed anti-TRs and anti-TSHR immunoreactivity. Additionally, the distal urethra, paravaginal ganglia, levator ani and iliococcygeus muscles, dorsal nerve and body of the clitoris, perigenital skin, and prostate had TRs and TSHR. CONCLUSIONS The wide presence of TRs and TSHR in female reproductive organs suggests varied effects of thyroid hormones and thyrotropin in reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maribel Méndez-Tepepa
- c Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas , Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala , Tlaxcala , México
| | - Margarita Martínez-Gómez
- d Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , México-DF , México
- e Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta , Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala , Tlaxcala , México
| | - Francisco Castelán
- d Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , México-DF , México
- e Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta , Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala , Tlaxcala , México
| | - Estela Cuevas-Romero
- e Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta , Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala , Tlaxcala , México
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Xiao H, Tan C, Yang G, Dou D. The effect of red ginseng and ginseng leaves on the substance and energy metabolism in hypothyroidism rats. J Ginseng Res 2017; 41:556-565. [PMID: 29021704 PMCID: PMC5628355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have revealed that the properties Traditional Chinese Medicine is mostly associated with are substance and energy metabolism. Our study aimed to compare the effect of red ginseng (RG) (warm property) and ginseng leaves (GL; cold property) on the substance and energy metabolism of rats with hypothyroidism. Materials and methods Rats were administered propylthiouracil intraperitoneally for 20 d to cause hypothyroidism. The reference group was orally administered Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparaia [FZ (Fuzi in Chinese)], while both the RG and GL groups were orally administrated crude drugs. The rectal, tail, toe, and axilla temperature of the rats were assayed every 3 d. Oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, heat production, and energy expenditure were measured via TSE phenoMaster/LabMaster animal monitoring system. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, Na+-K+-ATPase, fumarase, pyruvic acid and cyclic adenosine monophosphate/cyclic guanosine monophosphate were determined. Results The lower levels of triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone and the higher level of thyroid stimulating hormone revealed the successful establishment of a hypothyroidism model. Oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, heat production, and energy expenditure in the FZ and RG groups were obviously increased. The activity of Na+-K+-ATPase and fumarase in the FZ and RG groups was significantly increased. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate/cyclic guanosine monophosphate level in the FZ and RG groups was increased, while the GL group showed the opposite. Conclusion Our research provides a new way to explore the efficiency of Chinese medicine on the basis of the relationship between drug property and effects on substance and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Cheng Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Guanlin Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Deqiang Dou
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
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Gomaa AMS, Abd El-Aziz EA. Omega-3 fatty acids decreases oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1 beta in hyperthyroidism-induced hepatic dysfunction rat model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:295-301. [PMID: 27793418 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism is associated with abnormalities of the liver. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially their long-chain forms: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have beneficial health effects. The objectives of the present study were to assess hyperthyroidism-induced hepatic dysfunction in adult male rats and to evaluate the ameliorative effects of omega-3 on hyperthyroidism-induced hepatic dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms. Twenty four adult male rats were randomly divided into three equal groups; control group which received water for 6 weeks, hyperthyroid group which received L-thyroxine orally for 6 weeks and hyperthyroid omega-3 treated group which received L-thyroxine for 2 weeks and then co-treated with L-thyroxine and omega-3 oral compound containing 18% of EPA and 12% of DHA for 4 weeks. Hyperthyroid omega-3 treated group showed significantly increased final body weight and body weight gain, decreased liver weight to body weight ratio, decreased serum triiodo-l-thyronine level, increased serum thyroid stimulating hormone level, decreased serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, increased hepatic levels of total antioxidant capacity and decreased hepatic levels of total peroxide and interleukin-1 beta when compared with the hyperthyroid group. Furthermore, histopathological studies revealed also marked improvement. We concluded that omega-3 had encouraging therapeutic effects against hyperthyroidism-induced hepatic dysfunction attributable to more than one mechanism: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M S Gomaa
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Ebtihal A Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Bagheripuor F, Gharibzadeh S, Ghanbari M, Amouzegar A, Tohidi M, Azizi F, Ghasemi A. Association between serum nitric oxide metabolites and thyroid hormones in a general population: Tehran Thyroid Study. Endocr Res 2016; 41:193-9. [PMID: 26864772 DOI: 10.3109/07435800.2015.1126844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nitric oxide participates in the regulation of thyroid function. AIMS The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an association between serum nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) and free thyroxine (free T4), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. METHODS Study subjects were adults, aged ≥20 years, who participated in the Tehran Thyroid Study (TTS). In a cross-sectional study, in the third phase of TTS, serum NOx concentrations were measured in 1974 adult participants; pregnant women and subjects who had chronic diarrhea, cancer, weight loss, and hospitalization within the past 3 months were excluded, as were those taking medicines that affect thyroid function; the remaining 1771 subjects were grouped according to tertiles of free T4, anti-TPO, and TSH. Spearman's correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between serum NOx levels and free T4, anti-TPO, and TSH. RESULTS Serum NOx levels were negatively correlated with free T4 in men (r = -0.083; p = 0.029). An inverse association between the third tertile of free T4 and NOx levels was found in both non-adjusted (β = -0.095, p = 0.031) and multivariable-adjusted (β = -0.094, p = 0.039) analyses, only in men. After multivariable adjustment, the third tertile of anti-TPO was significantly associated with NOx levels in women (β = -0.067, p = 0.050). CONCLUSIONS Based on the result, serum NOx concentration was found to be associated with free T4 in men and anti-TPO in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bagheripuor
- a Endocrine Physiology Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
- b Endocrine Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Safoora Gharibzadeh
- b Endocrine Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
- c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Ghanbari
- a Endocrine Physiology Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
- b Endocrine Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Atieh Amouzegar
- b Endocrine Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Maryam Tohidi
- d Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- b Endocrine Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- a Endocrine Physiology Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
- b Endocrine Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Mintziori G, Kita M, Duntas L, Goulis DG. Consequences of hyperthyroidism in male and female fertility: pathophysiology and current management. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:849-53. [PMID: 26956000 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0452-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone acts on the oocytes, sperm and embryo during fertilization, implantation and placentation. Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism may influence fertility. However, evidence of the association of hyperthyroidism with infertility is scarce and sometimes conflicting. Thyroid hormone influences human reproduction via a variety of mechanisms at both the central and the peripheral level. Infertility may occur in hyperthyroid men and women, but it is usually reversible upon restoration of euthyroidism. This review aims to summarize the available data on the association of hyperthyroidism and infertility in both men and women and to provide practical suggestions for the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mintziori
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology and Unit of Human Reproduction, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M Kita
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - L Duntas
- Evgenidion Hospital, Thyroid Unit, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - D G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology and Unit of Human Reproduction, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Regulation of glucose transport by thyroid hormone in rat ovary. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 366:455-466. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2453-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Sajadian M, Hashemi M, Salimi S, Nakhaee A. The Effect of Experimental Thyroid Dysfunction on Markers of Oxidative Stress in Rat Pancreas. Drug Dev Res 2016; 77:199-205. [PMID: 27241437 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical Research The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of thyroid dysfunction on markers of oxidative stress in rat pancreas. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were, respectively, induced in rats via administration of propylthiouracil (PTU) and L-thyroxine sodium salt in drinking water for 45 days. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathioen peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), xanthine oxidase (XO), and nonenzymatic markers of oxidative stress including malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), reduced glutathione (GSH), and total thiols (T-SH) were determined in the rat pancreas. In hyperthyroid rats, pancreatic CAT, SOD, GPx, GR, XO, G6PD activities were increased compared with those in hypothyroid and control groups. There were no differences in activities of antioxidant enzymes between hypothyroid and control rats. Pancreatic MDA and PC in hyperthyroid rats increased compared with hypothyroid and the control animals. Whereas, hyperthyroid rats had decreased levels of tissue GSH and T-SH compared with hypothyroid and the control groups. The findings showed that only GSH level has decreased significantly in the hypothyroid group compared with control groups. In conclusion, our results showed that experimental hyperthyroidism induces oxidative stress in pancreas of rats, but hypothyroidism has no major impact on oxidative stress markers. Drug Dev Res 77 : 199-205, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Sajadian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Salimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Alireza Nakhaee
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Jiang YB, Yang YR. Trifolium pratense isoflavones improve pulmonary vascular remodelling in broiler chickens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:1159-1168. [PMID: 26671194 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial remodelling is a pathological characteristic of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which contributes to the development of sustained pulmonary hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary Trifolium pratense isoflavones on pulmonary vascular remodelling in experimental broiler pulmonary hypertension syndrome. Exposure to sub-thermoneutral environmental temperatures increased broiler's pulmonary hypertension syndrome incidence and raised expression levels of nitric oxide, endothelin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Dietary supplementation (20 mg/kg basal diet) with Trifolium pratense isoflavones reduced pulmonary hypertension syndrome incidence and improved pulmonary vascular remodelling without affecting growth performance. The beneficial effect likely came from isoflavone improved pulmonary vascular remodelling. Isoflavone induced inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, which led to increased nitric oxide level. The nitric oxide could mediate vasorelaxation in the lungs. At the same time, the expression of endothelin was downregulated by isoflavone. Dietary supplementation of Trifolium pratense isoflavone might be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Jiang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Y R Yang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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