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Bingül MB, Gül M, Dundar S, Tanık A, Artas G, Polat ME. Enhanced Bone Healing Through Systemic Capsaicin Administration: An Experimental Study on Wistar Rats. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e942485. [PMID: 38814863 PMCID: PMC11149467 DOI: 10.12659/msm.942485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The healing of bone defects is a serious challenge worldwide. One branch of dentistry deals with bone defects. Capsaicin has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and cholesterol-reducing effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemic capsaicin administered at different doses on bone healing. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 32 male wistar rats was used, their weight varying between 250 and 300 g. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 rats each. The analyses served to evaluate the effect on healing of different doses of capsaicin and grafts. A significant increase was observed in the number of osteoblasts in the capsaicin-applied groups, compared with the control group. RESULTS The analyses served to evaluate the effect on healing of different doses of capsaicin and grafts. A significant increase was observed in the number of osteoblasts in the capsaicin-applied groups, compared with that of the control group. The inflammation scores showed a significant difference only in the control group and in the group administered with 50 mg/kg capsaicin (P=0.010). The osteoclast counts were significantly different between all groups. CONCLUSIONS As a result of the analyses, positive effects on bone healing were observed when capsaicin 0.25 mg/kg and 0.50 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally. However, more studies are needed for more accurate information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Bahattin Bingül
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Gül
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Türkiye
| | - Serkan Dundar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Firat University, Elazig, Türkiye
| | - Abdulsamet Tanık
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Gokhan Artas
- Department of Medical Pathology, Firat Univeristy, Faculty of Medicine, Elazig, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Emrah Polat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Türkiye
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Zhang RK, Yan K, Chen HF, Zhang Y, Li GJ, Chen XG, Ge LP, Cheng F, Chen ZN, Yao XM. Anti-osteoporotic drugs affect the pathogenesis of gut microbiota and its metabolites: a clinical study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1091083. [PMID: 37475958 PMCID: PMC10354646 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1091083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Disordered gut microbiota (GM) structure and function may contribute to osteoporosis (OP). This study explores how traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) intervention affects the structure and function of the GM in patients with OP. Method In a 3-month clinical study, 43 patients were randomly divided into two groups receiving conventional treatment and combined TCM (Yigu decoction, YGD) treatment. The correlation between the intestinal flora and its metabolites was analyzed using 16S rDNA and untargeted metabolomics and the combination of the two. Results After three months of treatment, patients in the treatment group had better bone mineral density (BMD) than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Patients in the treatment group had obvious abundance changes in GM microbes, such as Bacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella, Faecalibacterium, Megamonas, Blautia, Klebsiella, Romboutsia, Akkermansia, and Prevotella_9. The functional changes observed in the GM mainly involved changes in metabolic function, genetic information processing and cellular processes. The metabolites for which major changes were observed were capsazepine, Phe-Tyr, dichlorprop, D-pyroglutamic acid and tamsulosin. These metabolites may act through metabolic pathways, the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) and beta alanine metabolism. Combined analysis showed that the main acting metabolites were dichlorprop, capsazepine, D-pyroglutamic acid and tamsulosin. Conclusion This study showed that TCM influenced the structure and function of the GM in patients with OP, which may be one mechanism by which TCM promotes the rehabilitation of patients with OP through the GM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-kun Zhang
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kun Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai-feng Chen
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gui-jin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-gang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin-pu Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-neng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin-miao Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Wu M, Dai M, Liu X, Zeng Q, Lu Y. lncRNA SERPINB9P1 Regulates SIRT6 Mediated Osteogenic Differentiation of BMSCs via miR-545-3p. Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 112:92-102. [PMID: 36348062 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-01034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Evidence has shown that the altered osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) under pathological conditions, such as osteoporosis, lead to the imbalance of bone tissue generation and destruction. Recent studies have indicated that long noncoding RNAs may play a role in regulating BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. This contributed to our impetus to move forward with the investigation of the function of lncRNA SERPINB9P1 in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and the potential mechanisms involved. Osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was induced by osteogenic medium. Relative expression of lncRNA SERPINB9P1 and miR-545-3p were tested by qRT-PCR. Osteogenic mineralization was examined by Alizarin S Red staining, ALP staining, and ALP activity assay. Expression of osteoblastic markers were detected by Western blot. RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to test the interaction between lncRNA SERPINB9P1 and miR-545-3p. BMSCs osteogenic differentiation resulted in LncRNA SERPINB9P1 overexpression while miR-545-3p inhibition. Functional assays suggest that knockdown of lncRNA SERPINB9P1 or overexpression of miR-545-3p both inhibit BMSC osteogenic differentiation. lncRNA SERPINB9P1 was proven to regulate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by altering SIRT6 expression through its suppressive effects on miR-545-3p. lncRNA SERPINB9P1 promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through the miR-545-3p/SIRT6 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuqiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qunqun Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Lu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.
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Wang X, Yu F, Ye L. Epigenetic control of mesenchymal stem cells orchestrates bone regeneration. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1126787. [PMID: 36950693 PMCID: PMC10025550 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1126787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the vital role of MSCs in bone regeneration. In both self-healing bone regeneration processes and biomaterial-induced healing of bone defects beyond the critical size, MSCs show several functions, including osteogenic differentiation and thus providing seed cells. However, adverse factors such as drug intake and body senescence can significantly affect the functions of MSCs in bone regeneration. Currently, several modalities have been developed to regulate MSCs' phenotype and promote the bone regeneration process. Epigenetic regulation has received much attention because of its heritable nature. Indeed, epigenetic regulation of MSCs is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of disorders of bone metabolism. Moreover, studies using epigenetic regulation to treat diseases are also being reported. At the same time, the effects of epigenetic regulation on MSCs are yet to be fully understood. This review focuses on recent advances in the effects of epigenetic regulation on osteogenic differentiation, proliferation, and cellular senescence in MSCs. We intend to illustrate how epigenetic regulation of MSCs orchestrates the process of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fanyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fanyuan Yu, ; Ling Ye,
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fanyuan Yu, ; Ling Ye,
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SIRT6 Prevents Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6360133. [PMID: 36275897 PMCID: PMC9584736 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6360133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective Glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head is one of the most common causes of nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head, but its exact pathogenesis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of SIRT6 in the maintenance of bone tissue morphology and structure, intravascular lipid metabolism, and its potential molecular mechanism in glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Methods SIRT6 adenovirus was transfected into GIONFH in rats. The microstructure of rat bone was observed by micro-CT and histological staining, and the expression of bone formation-related proteins and angiogenesis-related factors was determined through western blot and immunohistochemistry. Alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red staining, and the expression levels of Runx2 and osteocalcin were used to evaluate the osteogenic potential. And in vitro tube formation assay and immunofluorescence were used to detect the ability of endothelial cell angiogenesis. Results Dexamethasone significantly inhibited osteoblast differentiation, affected bone formation, and destroyed microvessel formation, increased the intracellular Fe2+ and ROS levels and induced the occurrence of ferroptosis. SIRT6 can inhibit ferroptosis and restore the ability of bone formation and angiogenesis. Conclusion SIRT6 can inhibit the occurrence of ferroptosis, reduce the damage of vascular endothelium, and promote osteogenic differentiation, so as to prevent the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
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New Therapeutics Targeting Arterial Media Calcification: Friend or Foe for Bone Mineralization? Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040327. [PMID: 35448514 PMCID: PMC9027727 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of arterial media calcification, a highly complex and multifactorial disease, puts patients at high risk for developing serious cardiovascular consequences and mortality. Despite the numerous insights into the mechanisms underlying this pathological mineralization process, there is still a lack of effective treatment therapies interfering with the calcification process in the vessel wall. Current anti-calcifying therapeutics may induce detrimental side effects at the level of the bone, as arterial media calcification is regulated in a molecular and cellular similar way as physiological bone mineralization. This especially is a complication in patients with chronic kidney disease and diabetes, who are the prime targets of this pathology, as they already suffer from a disturbed mineral and bone metabolism. This review outlines recent treatment strategies tackling arterial calcification, underlining their potential to influence the bone mineralization process, including targeting vascular cell transdifferentiation, calcification inhibitors and stimulators, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) death and oxidative stress: are they a friend or foe? Furthermore, this review highlights nutritional additives and a targeted, local approach as alternative strategies to combat arterial media calcification. Paving a way for the development of effective and more precise therapeutic approaches without inducing osseous side effects is crucial for this highly prevalent and mortal disease.
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Avilkina V, Chauveau C, Ghali Mhenni O. Sirtuin function and metabolism: Role in pancreas, liver, and adipose tissue and their crosstalk impacting bone homeostasis. Bone 2022; 154:116232. [PMID: 34678494 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian sirtuins (SIRT1-7) are members of the nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent family of enzymes critical for histone deacetylation and posttranslational modification of proteins. Sirtuin family members regulate a wide spectrum of biological processes and are best known for maintaining longevity. Sirtuins are well characterized in metabolic tissues such as the pancreas, liver and adipose tissue (AT). They are regulated by a diverse range of stimuli, including nutrients and metabolic changes within the organism. Indeed, nutrient-associated conditions, such as obesity and anorexia nervosa (AN), were found to be associated with bone fragility development in osteoporosis. Interestingly, it has also been demonstrated that sirtuins, more specifically SIRT1, can regulate bone activity. Various studies have demonstrated the importance of sirtuins in bone in the regulation of bone homeostasis and maintenance of the balance between bone resorption and bone formation. However, to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the negative regulation of bone homeostasis during overnutrition (obesity) or undernutrition, it is crucial to examine a wider picture and to determine the pancreatic, liver and adipose tissue pathway crosstalk responsible for bone loss. Particularly, under AN conditions, sirtuin family members are highly expressed in metabolic tissue, but this phenomenon is reversed in bone, and severe bone loss has been observed in human subjects. AN-associated bone loss may be connected to SIRT1 deficiency; however, additional factors may interfere with bone homeostasis. Thus, in this review, we focus on sirtuin activity in the pancreas, liver and AT in cases of over- and undernutrition, especially the regulation of their secretome by sirtuins. Furthermore, we examine how the secretome of the pancreas, liver and AT affects bone homeostasis, focusing on undernutrition. This review aims to lead to a better understanding of the crosstalk between sirtuins, metabolic organs and bone. In long term prospective it should contribute to promote improvement of therapeutic strategies for the prevention of metabolic diseases and the development of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Avilkina
- Marrow Adiposity and Bone Lab (MABLab) ULR4490, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, F-62200, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Univ. Lille F-59000 Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christophe Chauveau
- Marrow Adiposity and Bone Lab (MABLab) ULR4490, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, F-62200, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Univ. Lille F-59000 Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Olfa Ghali Mhenni
- Marrow Adiposity and Bone Lab (MABLab) ULR4490, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, F-62200, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Univ. Lille F-59000 Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Yuan M, Zhao L, Li Y, Gao X, Zhang B, Zhang D, Li Y. Capsaicin on stem cell proliferation and fate determination - a novel perspective. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105566. [PMID: 33753245 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicin (CAP), a member of the vanilloid family, is the main active component of chili peppers, which has been widely explored for its various pharmacological effects and influence on cell physiology, such as axonal growth and apoptosis of tumor cells. In particular, CAP plays a crucial role in determining the proliferation and fate specification of stem cells by modulating a variety of signaling pathways, such as PPARγ, C/EBPα and Notch signaling. Since CAP-mediated processes are complex and multifactorial, we hope to achieve a better understanding of these processes and their implications in clinical applications. This review aims to shed light on the influences and mechanisms of CAP on the actions of various stem cells in adults and discusses the role of CAP in the different process of stem cell behaviors, including proliferation and differentiation. Our purpose is to provide certain prospects for the application of CAP and stem cell therapy in treating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China, 301617
| | - Lucy Zhao
- Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Functional Genomics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China, 301617
| | - Xiumei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China, 301617
| | - Boli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China, 301617
| | - Deqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China, 301617.
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China, 301617.
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Shiers SI, Sankaranarayanan I, Jeevakumar V, Cervantes A, Reese JC, Price TJ. Convergence of peptidergic and non-peptidergic protein markers in the human dorsal root ganglion and spinal dorsal horn. J Comp Neurol 2021; 529:2771-2788. [PMID: 33550628 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral sensory neurons are characterized by their size, molecular profiles, and physiological responses to specific stimuli. In mouse, the peptidergic and non-peptidergic subsets of nociceptors are distinct and innervate different lamina of the spinal dorsal horn. The unique molecular signature and neuroanatomical organization of these neurons supports a labeled line theory for certain types of nociceptive stimuli. However, long-standing evidence supports the polymodal nature of nociceptors in many species. We have recently shown that the peptidergic marker, CGRP, and the non-peptidergic marker, P2X3R, show largely overlapping expression at the mRNA level in human dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Herein, our aim was to assess the protein distribution of nociceptor markers, including their central projections, in the human DRG and spinal cord. Using DRGs obtained from organ donors, we observed that CGRP and P2X3R were co-expressed by approximately 33% of human DRG neurons and TrpV1 was expressed in ~60% of human DRG neurons. In the dorsal spinal cord, CGRP, P2X3R, TrpV1, and Nav1.7 proteins stained the entirety of lamina 1-2, with only P2XR3 showing a gradient of expression. This was confirmed by measuring the size of the substantia gelatinosa using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining of adjacent sections. Our findings are consistent with the known polymodal nature of most primate nociceptors and indicate that the central projection patterns of nociceptors are different between mice and humans. Elucidating how human nociceptors connect to subsets of dorsal horn neurons will be important for understanding the physiological consequences of these species differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie I Shiers
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Ishwarya Sankaranarayanan
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Vivek Jeevakumar
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Theodore J Price
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
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Li Q, Cheng JC, Jiang Q, Lee WY. Role of sirtuins in bone biology: Potential implications for novel therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13301. [PMID: 33393735 PMCID: PMC7884050 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The decline in bone mass and bone strength and musculoskeletal problems associated with aging constitute a major challenge for affected individuals and the healthcare system globally. Sirtuins 1-7 (SIRT1-SIRT7) are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylases with remarkable abilities to promote longevity and counteract age-related diseases. Sirtuin knockout and transgenic models have provided novel insights into the function and signaling of these proteins in bone homeostasis. Studies have revealed that sirtuins play a critical role in normal skeletal development and homeostasis through their direct action on bone cells and that their dysregulation might contribute to different bone diseases. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that mice treated with sirtuin agonists show protection against age-related, postmenopausal, and immobilization-induced osteoporosis. These findings suggest that sirtuins could be potential targets for the modulation of the imbalance in bone remodeling and treatment of osteoporosis and other bone disorders. The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive updated review of the current knowledge on sirtuin biology, focusing specifically on their roles in bone homeostasis and osteoporosis, and potential pharmacological interventions targeting sirtuins for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Li
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing UniversityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Jack Chun‐yiu Cheng
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing UniversityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive SurgeryDrum Tower Hospital affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Wayne Yuk‐wai Lee
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing UniversityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
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Wang JS, Yoon SH, Wein MN. Role of histone deacetylases in bone development and skeletal disorders. Bone 2021; 143:115606. [PMID: 32829038 PMCID: PMC7770092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone cells must constantly respond to hormonal and mechanical cues to change gene expression programs. Of the myriad of epigenomic mechanisms used by cells to dynamically alter cell type-specific gene expression, histone acetylation and deacetylation has received intense focus over the past two decades. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) represent a large family of proteins with a conserved deacetylase domain first described to deacetylate lysine residues on histone tails. It is now appreciated that multiple classes of HDACs exist, some of which are clearly misnamed in that acetylated lysine residues on histone tails is not the major function of their deacetylase domain. Here, we will review the roles of proteins bearing deacetylase domains in bone cells, focusing on current genetic evidence for each individual HDAC gene. While class I HDACs are nuclear proteins whose primary role is to deacetylate histones, class IIa and class III HDACs serve other important cellular functions. Detailed knowledge of the roles of individual HDACs in bone development and remodeling will set the stage for future efforts to specifically target individual HDAC family members in the treatment of skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang S Wang
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sung-Hee Yoon
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marc N Wein
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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Kim KT, Lee YS, Han I. The Role of Epigenomics in Osteoporosis and Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9455. [PMID: 33322579 PMCID: PMC7763330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a complex multifactorial condition of the musculoskeletal system. Osteoporosis and osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) are associated with high medical costs and can lead to poor quality of life. Genetic factors are important in determining bone mass and structure, as well as any predisposition for bone degradation and OVF. However, genetic factors are not enough to explain osteoporosis development and OVF occurrence. Epigenetics describes a mechanism for controlling gene expression and cellular processes without altering DNA sequences. The main mechanisms in epigenetics are DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Recently, alterations in epigenetic mechanisms and their activity have been associated with osteoporosis and OVF. Here, we review emerging evidence that epigenetics contributes to the machinery that can alter DNA structure, gene expression, and cellular differentiation during physiological and pathological bone remodeling. A progressive understanding of normal bone metabolism and the role of epigenetic mechanisms in multifactorial osteopathy can help us better understand the etiology of the disease and convert this information into clinical practice. A deep understanding of these mechanisms will help in properly coordinating future individual treatments of osteoporosis and OVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Tae Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (K.-T.K.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Young-Seok Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (K.-T.K.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13496, Korea
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