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Lyu J, Wang D, Sun N, Yang F, Li X, Mu J, Zhou R, Zheng G, Yang X, Zhang C, Han C, Xia G, Li G, Fan M, Xiao J, Bai M. The TaSnRK1-TabHLH489 module integrates brassinosteroid and sugar signalling to regulate the grain length in bread wheat. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1989-2006. [PMID: 38412139 PMCID: PMC11182588 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Regulation of grain size is a crucial strategy for improving the crop yield and is also a fundamental aspect of developmental biology. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms governing grain development in wheat remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified a wheat atypical basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, TabHLH489, which is tightly associated with grain length through genome-wide association study and map-based cloning. Knockout of TabHLH489 and its homologous genes resulted in increased grain length and weight, whereas the overexpression led to decreased grain length and weight. TaSnRK1α1, the α-catalytic subunit of plant energy sensor SnRK1, interacted with and phosphorylated TabHLH489 to induce its degradation, thereby promoting wheat grain development. Sugar treatment induced TaSnRK1α1 protein accumulation while reducing TabHLH489 protein levels. Moreover, brassinosteroid (BR) promotes grain development by decreasing TabHLH489 expression through the transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 (BZR1). Importantly, natural variations in the promoter region of TabHLH489 affect the TaBZR1 binding ability, thereby influencing TabHLH489 expression. Taken together, our findings reveal that the TaSnRK1α1-TabHLH489 regulatory module integrates BR and sugar signalling to regulate grain length, presenting potential targets for enhancing grain size in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Lyu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Dongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Na Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Fan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xuepeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Junyi Mu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Runxiang Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Guolan Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Chenxuan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Chao Han
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Guang‐Min Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Genying Li
- Crop Research InstituteShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina
| | - Min Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science (CEPAMS)JIC‐CASBeijingChina
| | - Ming‐Yi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
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Thakur V, Rane J, Pandey GC, Yadav S. Image facilitated assessment of intra-spike variation in grain size in wheat under high temperature and drought stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19850. [PMID: 37963937 PMCID: PMC10645968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the grain size varies according to position within the spike. Exposure to drought and high temperature stress during grain development in wheat reduces grain size, and this reduction also varies across the length of the spike. We developed the phenomics approach involving image-based tools to assess the intra-spike variation in grain size. The grains were arranged corresponding to the spikelet position and the camera of smart phone was used to acquire 333 images. The open-source software ImageJ was used to analyze features of each grain and the image-derived parameters were used to calculate intra-spike variation as standard deviation (ISVAD). The effect of genotype and environment were highly significant on the ISVAD of grain area. Sunstar and Raj 4079 contrasted in the ISVAD of grain area under late sown environment, and RNA sequencing of the spike was done at 25 days after anthesis. The genes for carbohydrate transport and stress response were upregulated in Sunstar as compared to Raj 4079, suggesting that these play a role in intra-spike assimilate distribution. The phenomics method developed may be useful for grain phenotyping and identifying germplasm with low intra-spike variation in grain size for their further validation as parental material in breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidisha Thakur
- Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, 304 022, India
| | - Jagadish Rane
- ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner, Rajasthan, 334006, India.
| | - Girish Chandra Pandey
- Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, 304 022, India
| | - Satish Yadav
- ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Rajgurunagar, Pune, 410 505, India
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Naim-Feil E, Breen EJ, Pembleton LW, Spooner LE, Spangenberg GC, Cogan NOI. Empirical Evaluation of Inflorescences' Morphological Attributes for Yield Optimization of Medicinal Cannabis Cultivars. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:858519. [PMID: 35519806 PMCID: PMC9063709 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.858519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades with the reacknowledgment of the medicinal properties of Cannabis sativa L. (cannabis) plants, there is an increased demand for high performing cultivars that can deliver quality products for various applications. However, scientific knowledge that can facilitate the generation of advanced cannabis cultivars is scarce. In order to improve cannabis breeding and optimize cultivation techniques, the current study aimed to examine the morphological attributes of cannabis inflorescences using novel image analysis practices. The investigated plant population comprises 478 plants ascribed to 119 genotypes of high-THC or blended THC-CBD ratio that was cultivated under a controlled environment facility. Following harvest, all plants were manually processed and an image of the trimmed and refined inflorescences extracted from each plant was captured. Image analysis was then performed using in-house custom-made software which extracted 8 morphological features (such as size, shape and perimeter) for each of the 127,000 extracted inflorescences. Our findings suggest that environmental factors play an important role in the determination of inflorescences' morphology. Therefore, further studies that focus on genotype X environment interactions are required in order to generate inflorescences with desired characteristics. An examination of the intra-plant inflorescences weight distribution revealed that processing 75% of the plant's largest inflorescences will gain 90% of its overall yield weight. Therefore, for the optimization of post-harvest tasks, it is suggested to evaluate if the benefits from extracting and processing the plant's smaller inflorescences outweigh its operational costs. To advance selection efficacy for breeding purposes, a prediction equation for forecasting the plant's production biomass through width measurements of specific inflorescences, formed under the current experimental methodology, was generated. Thus, it is anticipated that findings from the current study will contribute to the field of medicinal cannabis by improving targeted breeding programs, advancing crop productivity and enhancing the efficacy of post-harvest procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erez Naim-Feil
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Edmond J. Breen
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Luke W. Pembleton
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura E. Spooner
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - German C. Spangenberg
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Noel O. I. Cogan
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Malik P, Kumar J, Sharma S, Meher PK, Balyan HS, Gupta PK, Sharma S. GWAS for main effects and epistatic interactions for grain morphology traits in wheat. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:651-668. [PMID: 35465203 PMCID: PMC8986918 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01164-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study in wheat, GWAS was conducted for identification of marker trait associations (MTAs) for the following six grain morphology traits: (1) grain cross-sectional area (GCSA), (2) grain perimeter (GP), (3) grain length (GL), (4) grain width (GWid), (5) grain length-width ratio (GLWR) and (6) grain form-density (GFD). The data were recorded on a subset of spring wheat reference set (SWRS) comprising 225 diverse genotypes, which were genotyped using 10,904 SNPs and phenotyped for two consecutive years (2017-2018, 2018-2019). GWAS was conducted using five different models including two single-locus models (CMLM, SUPER), one multi-locus model (FarmCPU), one multi-trait model (mvLMM) and a model for Q x Q epistatic interactions. False discovery rate (FDR) [P value -log10(p) ≥ 5] and Bonferroni correction [P value -log10(p) ≥ 6] (corrected p value < 0.05) were applied to eliminate false positives due to multiple testing. This exercise gave 88 main effect and 29 epistatic MTAs after FDR and 13 main effect and 6 epistatic MTAs after Bonferroni corrections. MTAs obtained after Bonferroni corrections were further utilized for identification of 55 candidate genes (CGs). In silico expression analysis of CGs in different tissues at different parts of the seed at different developmental stages was also carried out. MTAs and CGs identified during the present study are useful addition to available resources for MAS to supplement wheat breeding programmes after due validation and also for future strategic basic research. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01164-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Malik
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P 250 004 India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P 250 004 India
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Govt. of India, Sector 81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306 India
| | - Shiveta Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P 250 004 India
| | - Prabina Kumar Meher
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Harindra Singh Balyan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P 250 004 India
| | - Pushpendra Kumar Gupta
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P 250 004 India
| | - Shailendra Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P 250 004 India
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Abstract
Wheat was one of the first grain crops domesticated by humans and remains among the major contributors to the global calorie and protein budget. The rapidly expanding world population demands further enhancement of yield and performance of wheat. Phenotypic information has historically been instrumental in wheat breeding for improved traits. In the last two decades, a steadily growing collection of tools and imaging software have given us the ability to quantify shoot, root, and seed traits with progressively increasing accuracy and throughput. This review discusses challenges and advancements in image analysis platforms for wheat phenotyping at the organ level. Perspectives on how these collective phenotypes can inform basic research on understanding wheat physiology and breeding for wheat improvement are also provided.
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Takenaka S, Nitta M, Nasuda S. Population structure and association analyses of the core collection of hexaploid accessions conserved ex situ in the Japanese gene bank NBRP-Wheat. Genes Genet Syst 2018; 93:237-254. [PMID: 30555105 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.18-00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of the core collection of hexaploid wheat accessions in the Japanese wheat gene bank NBRP-Wheat. The core collection, consisting of 188 accessions of Triticum aestivum, T. spelta, T. compactum, T. sphaerococcum, T. macha and T. vavilovii, was intensively genotyped by DArTseq markers and consisted of 20,186 SNPs and 60,077 present and absent variations (PAVs). Polymorphic markers were distributed in all chromosomes, with a tendency for smaller numbers on the D-genome chromosomes. We examined the population structure by Bayesian clustering and principal component analysis with a general linear model. Overall, the core collection was divided into seven clusters. Non-admixture accessions in each cluster indicated that the clusters reflect the geographic distribution of the accessions. Both structure analyses strongly suggested that the cluster consisting of T. spelta and T. macha is out-grouped from other hexaploid wheat accessions. We performed genome-wide association analysis pilot studies for nine quantitative and seven qualitative traits and found marker-trait associations for all traits but one, indicating that the current core collection will be useful for detecting uncharacterized QTLs associated with phenotypes of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Takenaka
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University.,Department of Plant Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University
| | - Miyuki Nitta
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
| | - Shuhei Nasuda
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
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