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Dighe A, Khan AI, Bhuiyan TR, Islam MT, Khan ZH, Khan II, Hulse JD, Ahmed S, Rashid M, Hossain MZ, Rashid R, Hegde ST, Gurley ES, Qadri F, Azman AS. Annual risk of hepatitis E virus infection and seroreversion: Insights from a serological cohort in Sitakunda, Bangladesh. Epidemiol Infect 2024; 152:e52. [PMID: 38497497 PMCID: PMC11022260 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268824000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute jaundice in South Asia. Gaps in our understanding of transmission are driven by non-specific symptoms and scarcity of diagnostics, impeding rational control strategies. In this context, serological data can provide important proxy measures of infection. We enrolled a population-representative serological cohort of 2,337 individuals in Sitakunda, Bangladesh. We estimated the annual risks of HEV infection and seroreversion both using serostatus changes between paired serum samples collected 9 months apart, and by fitting catalytic models to the age-stratified cross-sectional seroprevalence. At baseline, 15% (95 CI: 14-17%) of people were seropositive, with seroprevalence highest in the relatively urban south. During the study, 27 individuals seroreverted (annual seroreversion risk: 15%, 95 CI: 10-21%), and 38 seroconverted (annual infection risk: 3%, 95CI: 2-5%). Relying on cross-sectional seroprevalence data alone, and ignoring seroreversion, underestimated the annual infection risk five-fold (0.6%, 95 CrI: 0.5-0.6%). When we accounted for the observed seroreversion in a reversible catalytic model, infection risk was more consistent with measured seroincidence. Our results quantify HEV infection risk in Sitakunda and highlight the importance of accounting for seroreversion when estimating infection incidence from cross-sectional seroprevalence data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Dighe
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Juan Dent Hulse
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shakeel Ahmed
- Bangladesh Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Bangladesh Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zakir Hossain
- Bangladesh Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Rumana Rashid
- Bangladesh Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Sonia T. Hegde
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily S. Gurley
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Firdausi Qadri
- Infectious Disease Division, icddr, b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Andrew S. Azman
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Geneva Centre for Emerging Viral Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Nakajo K, Nishiura H. Age-Dependent Risk of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Hazard Modeling From Serological Data. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:1400-1409. [PMID: 37161934 PMCID: PMC10640776 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no immunization campaign that currently exist for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Seroprevalence studies are critical for assessing epidemiological dynamics before and during an immunization program. A systematic literature review was conducted to summarize the evidence from seroprevalence studies on RSV. METHODS A systematic search of age-dependent RSV seroprevalence was conducted using the PubMed database and EMBASE. Age-dependent force of infections (FoI) and the decay rate of immunity were estimated. A mixture finite model was used, estimating the age-dependent disease state and the antibody concentrations in susceptible and infected or recovered populations. RESULTS Twenty-one studies were identified from 15 countries, with studies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay being the most represented. Using a catalytic model, the age-dependent force of infection was estimated to be the lowest in infants aged 6 months to 1 year and increased in older age groups. The proportion ever-infected/recovered was estimated to be above 90% by 3 years of age. CONCLUSIONS The number of seroprevalence studies covering a broad range of ages are limited. The age-dependent FoI indicated that the risk of infection was greatest among those aged >5 years. Additional data using valid assays are required to describe the transmission dynamics of RSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakajo
- Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshidakonoecho, Sakyoku, Kyoto, Japan
- Sanofi K.K. Tokyo Opera City Tower, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Nishiura
- Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshidakonoecho, Sakyoku, Kyoto, Japan
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De Thoisy A, Woudenberg T, Pelleau S, Donnadieu F, Garcia L, Pinaud L, Tondeur L, Meola A, Arowas L, Clement N, Backovic M, Ungeheuer MN, Fontanet A, White M. Seroepidemiology of the Seasonal Human Coronaviruses NL63, 229E, OC43 and HKU1 in France. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad340. [PMID: 37496603 PMCID: PMC10368309 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoV) NL63, 229E, OC43, and HKU1 are globally endemic, yet the majority of HCoV infections remain undiagnosed. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 2389 serum samples were collected from children and adults in France in 2020. In a longitudinal cohort study, 2520 samples were collected from 898 French individuals followed up between 2020 and 2021. Antibodies to HCoVs were measured using a bead-based multiplex assay. Results The rate of waning of anti-HCoV spike immunoglobulin G antibodies was estimated as 0.22-0.47 year-1 for children, and 0.13-0.27 year-1 for adults. Seroreversion was estimated as 0.31-1.37 year-1 in children and 0.19-0.72 year-1 in adults. The estimated seroconversion rate in children was consistent with 20%-39% of children being infected every year with each HCoV. Conclusions The high force of infection in children indicates that HCoVs may be responsible for a substantial proportion of fever episodes experienced by children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix De Thoisy
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics G5 Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Tom Woudenberg
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics G5 Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Pelleau
- Correspondence: Michael White, PhD, Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics G5 Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75015, France (); Stéphane Pelleau, PhD, Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics G5 Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75015, France ()
| | - Françoise Donnadieu
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics G5 Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laura Garcia
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics G5 Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laurie Pinaud
- Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laura Tondeur
- Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Annalisa Meola
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology and CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Arowas
- Investigation Clinique et Accès aux Ressources Biologiques (ICAReB), Center for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Clement
- Coordination Clinique du CRT, Center for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marija Backovic
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology and CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Ungeheuer
- Investigation Clinique et Accès aux Ressources Biologiques (ICAReB), Center for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Fontanet
- Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- PACRI Unit, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France
| | - Michael White
- Correspondence: Michael White, PhD, Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics G5 Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75015, France (); Stéphane Pelleau, PhD, Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics G5 Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, Rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75015, France ()
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Tauzin A, Beaudoin-Bussières G, Gong SY, Chatterjee D, Gendron-Lepage G, Bourassa C, Goyette G, Racine N, Khrifi Z, Turgeon J, Tremblay C, Martel-Laferrière V, Kaufmann DE, Cardinal H, Cloutier M, Bazin R, Duerr R, Dieudé M, Hébert MJ, Finzi A. Humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike variants after mRNA vaccination in solid organ transplant recipients. iScience 2022; 25:104990. [PMID: 36035196 PMCID: PMC9395219 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination has been shown to be safe and effective in the general population, immunocompromised solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) were reported to have impaired immune responses after one or two doses of vaccine. In this study, we examined humoral responses induced after the second and the third dose of mRNA vaccine in different SOTR (kidney, liver, lung, and heart). Compared to a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 naïve immunocompetent health care workers (HCWs), the second dose induced weak humoral responses in SOTRs, except for the liver recipients. The third dose boosted these responses but they did not reach the same level as in HCW. Interestingly, although the neutralizing activity against Delta and Omicron variants remained very low after the third dose, Fc-mediated effector functions in SOTR reached similar levels as in the HCW cohort. Whether these responses will suffice to protect SOTR from severe outcome remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tauzin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Shang Yu Gong
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Normand Racine
- Institut Cardiologie de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Zineb Khrifi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Julie Turgeon
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP), Edmonton, AL T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Valérie Martel-Laferrière
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Daniel E. Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Héloïse Cardinal
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP), Edmonton, AL T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Marc Cloutier
- Héma-Québec, Affaires Médicales et Innovation, Québec, QC G1V 5C3, Canada
| | - Renée Bazin
- Héma-Québec, Affaires Médicales et Innovation, Québec, QC G1V 5C3, Canada
| | - Ralf Duerr
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mélanie Dieudé
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP), Edmonton, AL T6G 2E1, Canada
- Héma-Québec, Affaires Médicales et Innovation, Québec, QC G1V 5C3, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Hébert
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP), Edmonton, AL T6G 2E1, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
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Rees EM, Waterlow NR, Lowe R, Kucharski AJ. Estimating the duration of seropositivity of human seasonal coronaviruses using seroprevalence studies. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 6:138. [PMID: 34708157 PMCID: PMC8517721 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16701.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The duration of immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still uncertain, but it is of key clinical and epidemiological importance. Seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoV) have been circulating for longer and, therefore, may offer insights into the long-term dynamics of reinfection for such viruses. Methods: Combining historical seroprevalence data from five studies covering the four circulating HCoVs with an age-structured reverse catalytic model, we estimated the likely duration of seropositivity following seroconversion. Results: We estimated that antibody persistence lasted between 0.9 (95% Credible interval: 0.6 - 1.6) and 3.8 (95% CrI: 2.0 - 7.4) years. Furthermore, we found the force of infection in older children and adults (those over 8.5 [95% CrI: 7.5 - 9.9] years) to be higher compared with young children in the majority of studies. Conclusions: These estimates of endemic HCoV dynamics could provide an indication of the future long-term infection and reinfection patterns of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor M. Rees
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Naomi R. Waterlow
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Rachel Lowe
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Adam J. Kucharski
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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