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Munteanu C, Schwartz B. Interactions between Dietary Antioxidants, Dietary Fiber and the Gut Microbiome: Their Putative Role in Inflammation and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8250. [PMID: 39125822 PMCID: PMC11311432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate relationship between the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome and the progression of chronic non-communicable diseases underscores the significance of developing strategies to modulate the GI microbiota for promoting human health. The administration of probiotics and prebiotics represents a good strategy that enhances the population of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal lumen post-consumption, which has a positive impact on human health. In addition, dietary fibers serve as a significant energy source for bacteria inhabiting the cecum and colon. Research articles and reviews sourced from various global databases were systematically analyzed using specific phrases and keywords to investigate these relationships. There is a clear association between dietary fiber intake and improved colon function, gut motility, and reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Moreover, the state of health is reflected in the reciprocal and bidirectional relationships among food, dietary antioxidants, inflammation, and body composition. They are known for their antioxidant properties and their ability to inhibit angiogenesis, metastasis, and cell proliferation. Additionally, they promote cell survival, modulate immune and inflammatory responses, and inactivate pro-carcinogens. These actions collectively contribute to their role in cancer prevention. In different investigations, antioxidant supplements containing vitamins have been shown to lower the risk of specific cancer types. In contrast, some evidence suggests that taking antioxidant supplements can increase the risk of developing cancer. Ultimately, collaborative efforts among immunologists, clinicians, nutritionists, and dietitians are imperative for designing well-structured nutritional trials to corroborate the clinical efficacy of dietary therapy in managing inflammation and preventing carcinogenesis. This review seeks to explore the interrelationships among dietary antioxidants, dietary fiber, and the gut microbiome, with a particular focus on their potential implications in inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Munteanu
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Betty Schwartz
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The School of Nutritional Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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An SH, Kong C. Effects of Different Feeding Durations on Ileum Length and Weight and Basal Endogenous Loss of Phosphorus in Broiler Chickens Fed a Phosphorus-Free Diet. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1787. [PMID: 37889741 PMCID: PMC10251934 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the effects of feeding duration on the length and weight of the ileum, and basal endogenous loss (BEL) of phosphorus (P) on broiler chickens fed a P-free diet (PFD). A standard starter diet was fed to 384 birds for 15 days. On day 15, they were weighed and randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups in a randomized complete block design, with eight replicate cages per treatment and 16 birds per cage. The birds in each treatment group were fed the PFD for 2, 3, or 4 days. There was an increase in growth performance (p < 0.05) as the PFD feeding duration increased from 2 to 4 days. Although the relative dry weight of the ileum (mg/100 g of body weight) decreased linearly (p < 0.05) as the PFD feeding duration increased, the amount of dried ileal digesta (g/bird) was not affected. The BEL of P was 110.2, 128.2, and 133.6 mg/kg of dry matter intake in birds fed the PFD for 2, 3, and 4 days, respectively. Feeding a PFD to broiler chickens for 2, 3, or 4 days did not change P BEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun An
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea;
| | - Changsu Kong
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Horse Industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea
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Zhang L, Li X, Liu X, Wang X, Li X, Cheng X, Yan S, Zhu Y, Li R, Wen L, Wang J. Purified diet versus whole food diet and the inconsistent results in studies using animal models. Food Funct 2022; 13:4286-4301. [PMID: 35297926 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04311k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In animal models, purified diets (PDs) and whole food diets (WFDs) are used for different purposes. In similar studies, different dietary patterns may lead to inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of WFDs and PDs on changes in the metabolism of mice. We found that different dietary patterns produced different results in lipid metabolism experiments. Compared with those of the PD-fed mice, the WFD-fed mice had higher body weights and serum glucose, serum lipid, and liver lipid levels (p < 0.01), as well as low glucose tolerance (p < 0.01) and insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05). The body weight and fasting blood glucose increased by 20% in the WFD-fed mice, and the white adipose tissue weight increased by ∼50%. The WFD-fed mice also had a comparatively higher abundance of Lactobacillus, Turicibacter, Bifidobacterium, Desulfovibrio, and Candidatus saccharimonas (p < 0.01), which were positively correlated with lipid accumulation. Dietary patterns should be chosen cautiously in studies that use rodents as models. Inappropriate selection of animal dietary patterns may lead to experimental systematic errors and paradoxical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Zhang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China.
| | - Xin Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China.
| | - Xiangyan Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China.
| | - Xianglin Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China.
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China.
| | - Xianyu Cheng
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China.
| | - Sisi Yan
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China.
| | - Rongfang Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China. .,Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Lixin Wen
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China. .,Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China. .,Changsha Lvye Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Changsha 410100, China
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Li Y, Wang J, Wang M, Gao Y, Jin CY, Shi X, Ji B, Wei Y, Liu H. Microbial profiling identifies potential key drivers in gastric cancer patients. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1896384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Mengge Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Yongshun Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Cheng-Yun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Boyang Ji
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yongjun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Hongmin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China
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Petra CV, Rus A, Dumitraşcu DL. Gastric microbiota: tracing the culprit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 90:369-376. [PMID: 29151783 PMCID: PMC5683824 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The gastric environment has been long time considered bacteria-free, but the discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in 1982 superseded this conception. Over the last decades new diagnostic methods have been developed, starting with culture-dependent and advancing to culture-independent ones. These modern techniques provide new insight into the composition and influence of this ecosystem on the entire gastrointestinal tract. H. pylori is no longer considered the only microorganism in the stomach, other non-H. pylori microbial species may populate the same environment and exercise their role. Current knowledge suggests possible links of these bacteria with gastroduodenal diseases, such as peptic ulcer and gastric cancer but most of them need further scientific evidence. This review summarizes current information on these complex interrelations between gastric microbial communities and host in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Vasile Petra
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Aronel Rus
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Lucian Dumitraşcu
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Ikeda H, Nagasawa M, Yamaguchi T, Minaminaka K, Goda R, Chowdhury VS, Yasuo S, Furuse M. Disparities in activity levels and learning ability between Djungarian hamster ( Phodopus sungorus) and Roborovskii hamster ( Phodopus roborovskii). Anim Sci J 2017; 88:533-545. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Ikeda
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Mao Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Kimie Minaminaka
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Ryosei Goda
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Vishwajit S. Chowdhury
- Division for Experimental Natural Science, Faculty of Arts and Science; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Shinobu Yasuo
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Furuse
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
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Schulz C, Schütte K, Malfertheiner P. Helicobacter pylori and Other Gastric Microbiota in Gastroduodenal Pathologies. Dig Dis 2016; 34:210-6. [PMID: 27028228 DOI: 10.1159/000443353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of Helicobacter pylori changed the traditional view of the stomach as a hostile organ to bacterial survival. H. pylori induces chronic gastritis, which has the potential to progress to severe complications such as peptic ulcer disease and gastric neoplasia. The development of modern nucleotide sequencing techniques and new biocomputational tools allow the possibility of studying the diversity and complexity of the microbiome in the whole gastrointestinal (GI) tract and overcome the limitations of culturing techniques. However, the differentiation of alive resident and transient microbes in the upper GI tract and their role in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal diseases requires an analysis beyond the detection of bacterial genomic material alone. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of the bacteria may add important insights into their interaction with the host. Currently, the interaction of H. pylori with other microbes in the stomach and duodenum and their role for health and disease is poorly understood. This review provides a concise overview on the current knowledge of H. pylori and other gastric microbiota in the relationship with gastroduodenal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schulz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Nardone G, Compare D. The human gastric microbiota: Is it time to rethink the pathogenesis of stomach diseases? United European Gastroenterol J 2015; 3:255-60. [PMID: 26137299 DOI: 10.1177/2050640614566846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although long thought to be a sterile organ, due to its acid production, the human stomach holds a core microbiome. AIM To provide an update of findings related to gastric microbiota and its link with gastric diseases. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the literature. RESULTS The development of culture-independent methods facilitated the identification of many bacteria. Five major phyla have been detected in the stomach: Firmicutes, Bacteroidites, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria. At the genera level, the healthy human stomach is dominated by Prevotella, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Rothia and Haemophilus; however, the composition of the gastric microbiota is dynamic and affected by such factors as diet, drugs and diseases. The interaction between the pre-existing gastric microbiota and Helicobacter pylori infection might influence an individual's risk of gastric disease, including gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS The maintenance of bacterial homeostasis could be essential for the stomach's health and highlights the chance for therapeutic interventions targeting the gastric microbiota, even if gastric pH, peristalsis and the mucus layer may prevent bacteria colonization; and the definition of gastric microbiota of the healthy stomach is still an ongoing challenging task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Nardone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Debora Compare
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Eun CS, Kim BK, Han DS, Kim SY, Kim KM, Choi BY, Song KS, Kim YS, Kim JF. Differences in gastric mucosal microbiota profiling in patients with chronic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer using pyrosequencing methods. Helicobacter 2014; 19:407-16. [PMID: 25052961 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection plays an important role in the early stage of cancer development. However, various bacteria that promote the synthesis of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species may be involved in the later stages. We aimed to determine the microbial composition of gastric mucosa from the patients with chronic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer using 454 GS FLX Titanium. METHODS Gastric mucosal biopsy samples were collected from 31 patients during endoscopy. After the extraction of genomic DNA, variable region V5 of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified. PCR products were sequenced using 454 high-throughput sequencer. The composition, diversity, and richness of microbial communities were compared between three groups. RESULTS The composition of H. pylori-containing Epsilonproteobacteria class appeared to be the most prevalent, but the relative increase in the Bacilli class in the gastric cancer group was noticed, resulting in a significant difference compared with the chronic gastritis group. By analyzing the Helicobacter-dominant group at a family level, the relative abundance of Helicobacteraceae family was significantly lower in the gastric cancer group compared with chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia groups, while the relative abundance of Streptococcaceae family significantly increased. In a UPGMA clustering of Helicobacter-dominant group based on UniFrac distance, the chronic gastritis group and gastric cancer group were clearly separated, while the intestinal metaplasia group was distributed in between the two groups. The evenness and diversity of gastric microbiota in the gastric cancer group was increased compared with other groups. CONCLUSIONS In Helicobacter predominant patients, the microbial compositions of gastric mucosa from gastric cancer patients are significantly different to chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia patients. These alterations of gastric microbial composition may play an important, as-yet-undetermined role in gastric carcinogenesis of Helicobacter predominant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Soo Eun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
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Abstract
Lactobacilli are indigenous microbes of the stomach of rodents, with much lower numbers being present in mice fed a purified diet than in those fed a non-purified diet. We postulated that gastric emptying (GE) is responsible for the different colonisation levels of lactobacilli and tested this hypothesis in the present study. BALB/cCr Slc mice were fed either a non-purified diet or a purified diet for 2 weeks. The number of gastric tissue-associated lactobacilli was lower in mice fed the purified diet than in those fed the non-purified diet. GE, estimated by measuring the food recovered from the stomach, was higher in mice fed the purified diet than in those fed the non-purified diet and correlated negatively with the number of lactobacilli. Mice fed the non-purified diet exhibited lower GE rates even when lactobacilli were eliminated by ampicillin administration through the drinking-water, suggesting that GE is the cause but not the consequence of differentLactobacilluscolonisation levels. The plasma concentrations of acylated ghrelin, a gastric hormone that promotes GE, were higher in mice fed the purified diet than in those fed the non-purified diet. There was a negative correlation between GE and the number of lactobacilli in mice fed the non-purified diet, the purified diet, and the purified diet supplemented with sugarbeet fibre (200 g/kg diet) or carboxymethyl cellulose (40 g/kg diet). We propose that a higher GE rate contributes, at least in part, to lower gastric colonisation levels of lactobacilli in mice fed a purified diet.
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Abstract
Bacteria are sparsely distributed in the stomach due to the gastric microbicidal barrier. Several innate defenses (low pH, migrating motor complex and the entero-salivary circulation of nitrate) as well as external factors (diet, Helicobacter pylori infection, proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics and stomach diseases) have been shown to influence significantly the microbiota composition in the stomach. In recent years new culture-independent technologies have allowed the investigation of the cross talk that occurs between hosts and stomach-associated microflora, which helps us to understand the role of gastric bacterial flora in the gastrointestinal microbiological system, both in physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we reviewed the literatures related to this topic and set the stage for future developments of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ming Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Yang I, Nell S, Suerbaum S. Survival in hostile territory: the microbiota of the stomach. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2013; 37:736-61. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6976.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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