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Honda M, Nishida Y. In Vitro Evaluation of Skin-Related Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities of Astaxanthin Isomers. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:19311-19319. [PMID: 37305308 PMCID: PMC10249140 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dietary astaxanthin exists predominantly as the all-E-isomer; however, certain amounts of the Z-isomers are universally present in the skin, whose roles remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the astaxanthin E/Z-isomer ratio on skin-related physicochemical properties and biological activities using human dermal fibroblasts and B16 mouse melanoma cells. We revealed that astaxanthin enriched in Z-isomers (total Z-isomer ratio = 86.6%) exhibited greater UV-light-shielding ability and skin antiaging and skin-whitening activities, such as anti-elastase and anti-melanin formation activities, than the all-E-isomer-rich astaxanthin (total Z-isomer ratio = 3.3%). On the other hand, the all-E-isomer was superior to the Z-isomers in singlet oxygen scavenging/quenching activity, and the Z-isomers inhibited type I collagen release into the culture medium in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings help clarify the roles of astaxanthin Z-isomers in the skin and would help in the development of novel skin health-promoting food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Honda
- Faculty
of Science & Technology, Meijo University, Shiogamaguchi,
Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nishida
- Fuji
Chemical Industries, Co., Ltd., Yokohoonji, Kamiich-machi, Nakaniikawa-gun, Toyama 930-0405, Japan
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2
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Honda M. Z-Isomers of lycopene and β-carotene exhibit greater skin-quality improving action than their all-E-isomers. Food Chem 2023; 421:135954. [PMID: 37137215 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Although most carotenoids in fruits and vegetables exist as the all-E-isomers, several carotenoids accumulated in the skin exist as the Z-isomers. However, the differences in the skin-related biological activities of the all-E- and Z-isomers are largely unknown. This study investigated the effects of E/Z-isomer ratios of lycopene and β-carotene on their ultraviolet (UV)-light-shielding ability and skin-related biological activities (i.e., antioxidant, skin anti-aging, and skin-whitening activities). Z-Isomer-rich lycopene and β-carotene were prepared by thermal isomerization of their all-E-isomers, i.e., the total Z-isomer ratios of lycopene and β-carotene were 97.7 and 89.0%, respectively. The Z-isomers exhibited higher UV-A- and UV-B-shielding abilities and greater skin-related biological activities (e.g., anti-elastase activity, hyaluronic acid production-promoting effect, anti-melanin formation activity, and inhibitory activity for melanin precursor darkening) in several assays than the all-E-isomers. These findings may contribute to understanding the significance of carotenoid Z-isomers in the skin and developing food ingredients that promote skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Honda
- Faculty of Science & Technology, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan.
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3
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Muhammad M, Zhu Y, Wen A, Liu N, Qin L. Phenolic profile, alpha-amylase inhibitory activity, and in vitro glycemic index of adzuki beans. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1063602. [PMID: 36618697 PMCID: PMC9815551 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1063602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular consumption of low-glycemic index (GI) foods is a common strategy for type 2 diabetes patients. To evaluate the potential application of adzuki beans in low-GI foods, the phenolic profile and alpha-amylase inhibitor (α-AI) activity of four varieties of adzuki beans (G24, Te Xiao Li No. 1, Gui Nong No. 1, and Qian Xiao Hei) were determined. The starch digestibility properties and in vitro glycemic index (IVGI) of these beans were also evaluated using the in vitro digestion model coupled with 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetry. The results indicated that these adzuki beans, containing numerous phenolics, showed inhibitory activities to alpha-amylase with the α-AI activities between 1.760 ± 0.044 and 3.411 ± 0.186 U/g. The resistant starch (RS) contributed predominantly to the total starch with proportions between (69.78 ± 2.45%) and (81.03 ± 0.06%); Te Xiao Li No. 1 was the highest compared with the other varieties. The adzuki beans were categorized into low- or medium-GI foods, and the IVGI ranged from (39.00 ± 0.36) to (56.76 ± 4.21). These results suggested that adzuki beans can be used as a component of low-GI foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Muhammad
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Anyan Wen
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Na Liu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Likang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China,School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China,*Correspondence: Likang Qin,
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4
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Wang Y, Yao X, Shen H, Zhao R, Li Z, Shen X, Wang F, Chen K, Zhou Y, Li B, Zheng X, Lu S. Nutritional Composition, Efficacy, and Processing of Vigna angularis (Adzuki Bean) for the Human Diet: An Overview. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186079. [PMID: 36144812 PMCID: PMC9506481 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adzuki beans are grown in several countries around the world and are widely popular in Asia, where they are often prepared in various food forms. Adzuki beans are rich in starch, and their proteins contain a balanced variety of amino acids with high lysine content, making up for the lack of protein content of cereals in the daily diet. Therefore, the research on adzuki beans and the development of their products have broad prospects for development. The starch, protein, fat, polysaccharide, and polyphenol contents and compositions of adzuki beans vary greatly among different varieties. The processing characteristic components of adzuki beans, such as starch, isolated protein, and heated flavor, are reported with a view to further promote the processing and development of adzuki bean foods. In addition to favorable edibility, the human health benefits of adzuki beans include antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Furtherly, adzuki beans and extracts have positive effects on the prevention and treatment of diseases, including diabetes, diabetes-induced kidney disease or kidney damage, obesity, and high-fat-induced cognitive decline. This also makes a case for the dual use of adzuki beans for food and medicine and contributes to the promotion of adzuki beans as a healthy, edible legume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xinmiao Yao
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +086-0451-86610259
| | - Huifang Shen
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Zhebin Li
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xinting Shen
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Kaixin Chen
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Ye Zhou
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Bo Li
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xianzhe Zheng
- China School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuwen Lu
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
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Choi JM, Lee SI, Cho EJ. Effect of Vigna angularis on High-Fat Diet-Induced Memory and Cognitive Impairments. J Med Food 2020; 23:1155-1162. [PMID: 33021429 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is related to cognitive and memory dysfunction. Much attention was focused on functional foods as a therapeutic strategy to treat cognitive decline by obesity. In the present study, we confirmed the protective effect of Vigna angularis (VA) on cognitive and memory impairment in an obese mouse model. For 16 weeks, mice were fed HFD and VA extract was administered during 4 weeks at 100 and 200 mg/kg. The cognitive abilities of HFD-induced mice were evaluated using behavioral tests. Compared with the control group, VA groups were improved spatial and recognition ability. In T-maze and novel object recognition tests, VA 100 and VA 200 groups showed increased ratios of exploration of a novel object/route compared to a familiar object/route. Moreover, VA 100 and VA 200 groups reached the platform faster than the control group in a Morris water maze test. Therefore, VA extract may protect against HFD-induced cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction. (PNU-IACUC; approval no. PNU-2019-2166).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Myung Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Soo In Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
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6
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Impact of cooking method on phenolic composition and antioxidant potential of four varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Glycine max L. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Optimization of culture conditions for gamma-aminobutyric acid production in fermented adzuki bean milk. J Food Drug Anal 2018; 26:74-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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8
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Choi JK, Kim SW, Kim DS, Lee JY, Lee S, Oh HM, Ha YS, Yoo J, Park PH, Shin TY, Kwon TK, Rho MC, Kim SH. Oleanolic acid acetate inhibits rheumatoid arthritis by modulating T cell immune responses and matrix-degrading enzymes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 290:1-9. [PMID: 26570984 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with a combination of synovium joint inflammation, synovium hyperplasia, and destruction of cartilage and bone. Oleanolic acid acetate (OAA), a compound isolated from Vigna angularis, has been known to possess pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation and anti-bone destruction. In this study, we investigated the effects of OAA on RA and the underlying mechanisms of action by using a type-II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated RA synovial fibroblasts. Oral administration of OAA decreased the clinical arthritis symptoms, paw thickness, histologic and radiologic changes, and serum total and anti-type II collagen IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a levels. OAA administration reduced Th1/Th17 phenotype CD4(+) T lymphocyte expansions and inflammatory cytokine productions in T cell activated draining lymph nodes and spleen. OAA reduced the expression and production of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1/3, in the ankle joint tissue and RA synovial fibroblasts by down-regulating Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and nuclear factor-κB. Our results clearly support that OAA plays a therapeutic role in RA pathogenesis by modulating helper T cell immune responses and matrix-degrading enzymes. The immunosuppressive effects of OAA were comparable to dexamethasone and ketoprofen. We provide evidences that OAA could be a potential therapeutic candidate for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyeong Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea; Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University, Gumi 730-040, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Sil Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University, Gumi 730-040, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Yeong Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea; Bio-Materials Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Mee Oh
- Bio-Materials Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Su Ha
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongsoo Yoo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonju 565-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Chual Rho
- Bio-Materials Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Antiangiogenic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Vigna angularis via Inhibition of Phosphorylation of VEGFR2, Erk, and Akt. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:371368. [PMID: 26357521 PMCID: PMC4556864 DOI: 10.1155/2015/371368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Though dietary azuki bean (Vigna angularis) seed containing antioxidant proanthocyanidins was known to have multibiological activities including antioxidant, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities, the antiangiogenic activity of ethanol extract of Vigna angularis (EVA) was never reported so far. In the present study, the antiangiogenic mechanism of EVA was examined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). EVA showed weak cytotoxicity in HUVECs, while it significantly suppressed the VEGF induced proliferation of HUVECs. Consistently, wound healing assay revealed that EVA inhibited the VEGF induced migration of HUVECs. Also, EVA abrogated the VEGF induced tube formation of HUVECs in a concentration dependent fashion. Furthermore, Matrigel plug assay showed that EVA significantly reduced the hemoglobin level of Matrigel plug in mice compared to untreated control. Of note, EVA effectively attenuated the phosphorylation of VEGFR2, Erk, and Akt in VEGF-treated HUVECs. Overall, our findings suggest that EVA inhibits angiogenesis in VEGF-treated HUVECs via inhibition of phosphorylation of VEGFR2, ERK, and Akt.
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10
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Hwang E, Park SY, Lee HJ, Sun ZW, Lee TY, Song HG, Shin HS, Yi TH. Vigna angularis Water Extracts Protect Against Ultraviolet B-Exposed Skin Aging In Vitro and In Vivo. J Med Food 2014; 17:1339-49. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.3017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eunson Hwang
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Park
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Lee
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Zheng-wang Sun
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Tae Youp Lee
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyun Geun Song
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Heon-Sub Shin
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Tae Hoo Yi
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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11
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Simultaneous quantitation and validation of triterpenoids and phytosteroids in Phaseolus angularis seeds. Molecules 2014; 19:10309-19. [PMID: 25033058 PMCID: PMC6271774 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190710309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A reproducible analytical method using reverse-phase high liquid performance chromatography combined with UV detecting was developed for the quantitative determination of four compounds isolated from the ethanol extract of Phaseolus angularis seeds (PASE): oleanolic acid (1), oleanolic acid acetate (2), stigmasterol (3) and β-sitosterol (4). This method was fully validated in terms of linearity (r2 > 0.999), accuracy (98.5%–100.8%), precision (<0.92%), LOD (<0.0035 mg/mL), and LOQ (<0.0115 mg/mL). The effects of the PASE and isolated compounds 1–4 on TLR4 activation were tested in THP1-Blue cells. Among the tested substances, compound 2 showed potent inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 3.89 ± 0.17 µM.
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12
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Zhang X, Shi L, Li X, Sheng Q, Yao L, Shen D, Lü ZR, Zhou HM, Park YD, Lee J, Zhang Q. Effect of Ca2+ on the activity and structure of α-glucosidase: Inhibition kinetics and molecular dynamics simulations. J Biosci Bioeng 2014; 117:696-705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Itoh T, Nakamura M, Nakamichi H, Ando M, Tsukamasa Y, Furuichi Y. Regulation of the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts by a hot-water extract of adzuki beans (Vigna angularis). Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 78:92-9. [PMID: 25036490 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.877182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a global public health problem thought to be caused by an imbalance in bone metabolism. We examined in this study the 40% ethanol fraction of HP-20 resin in combination with a hot-water adzuki extract (EtEx.40) for its effect on osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. EtEx.40-treated murine preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells exhibited significantly elevated alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization. EtEx.40 facilitated osteoblast differentiation by up-regulating such osteoblast differentiation-related molecules as runt-related transcription factor 2, distal-less homeobox 5, and osterix via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. EtEx.40 also suppressed the formation of large tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells in RAW264.7 cells that had been stimulated with the receptor activator of the nuclear factor κB ligand/macrophage colony-stimulating factor. EtEx.40 significantly inhibited NF-κB activation, thus reducing the expression of such downstream molecules as c-Fos and NFATc1. Our findings suggest that EtEx.40 could be used to maintain bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Itoh
- a Faculty of Agriculture , Kinki University , Nara , Japan
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14
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Kim HH, Kim SW, Kim DS, Oh HM, Rho MC, Kim SH. Vigna angularis inhibits mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:736-42. [PMID: 23828310 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether extracts of Vigna angularis (EVA) inhibit allergic inflammatory reactions and to elucidate the possible mechanisms of action. For the assessment of allergic inflammatory response, histamine release and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines from human mast cells (HMC-1) were examined. To identify the underlying mechanisms of action, intracellular calcium and the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were assayed. To confirm the effects of EVA in vivo, systemic and local allergic reaction mouse models were employed. EVA dose-dependently reduced phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and calcium ionophore A23187 (PMACI)-induced histamine release from mast cells. The inhibitory effects of EVA on the release of histamine from mast cells were mediated by the reduction of intracellular calcium levels. EVA decreased the PMACI-stimulated gene expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6. The inhibitory effects of EVA on pro-inflammatory cytokines were NF-κB- and MAPK-dependent. In addition, EVA inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis and immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated cutaneous anaphylaxis. Our findings provide evidence that EVA inhibits mast cell-derived allergic inflammation, and suggest the possible therapeutic application of EVA in allergic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hun Kim
- Korean Traditional Medicine Agency, Korea Promotion Institute for Traditional Medicine Industry, Gyeongsan 712‑210, Republic of Korea
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15
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In vitro investigations of the potential health benefits of Australian-grown faba beans (Vicia faba L.): chemopreventative capacity and inhibitory effects on the angiotensin-converting enzyme, α-glucosidase and lipase. Br J Nutr 2012; 108 Suppl 1:S123-34. [PMID: 22916808 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512000803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The functional properties, including antioxidant and chemopreventative capacities as well as the inhibitory effects on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase, of three Australian-grown faba bean genotypes (Nura, Rossa and TF(Ic*As)*483/13) were investigated using an array of in vitro assays. Chromatograms of on-line post column derivatisation assay coupled with HPLC revealed the existence of active phenolics (hump) in the coloured genotypes, which was lacking in the white-coloured breeding line, TF(Ic*As)*483/13. Roasting reduced the phenolic content, and diminished antioxidant activity by 10-40 % as measured by the reagent-based assays (diphenylpicrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity) in all genotypes. Cell culture-based antioxidant activity assay (cellular antioxidant activity) showed an increase of activity in the coloured genotypes after roasting. Faba bean extracts demonstrated cellular protection ability against H₂O₂-induced DNA damage (assessed using RAW264.7 cells), and inhibited the proliferation of all human cancer cell lines (BL13, AGS, Hep G2 and HT-29) evaluated. However, the effect of faba bean extracts on the non-transformed human cells (CCD-18Co) was negligible. Flow cytometric analyses showed that faba bean extracts successfully induced apoptosis of HL-60 (acute promyelocytic leukaemia) cells. The faba bean extracts also exhibited ACE, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities. Overall, extracts from Nura (buff-coloured) and Rossa (red-coloured) were comparable, while TF(Ic*As)*483/13 (white-coloured) contained the lowest phenolic content and exhibited the least antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities. These results are important to promote the utilisation of faba beans in human diets for various health benefits.
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16
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Azuki bean (Vigna angularis) extract inhibits the development of experimentally induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Food Chem 2012; 132:1269-1275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Itoh T, Hori Y, Atsumi T, Toriizuka K, Nakamura M, Maeyama T, Ando M, Tsukamasa Y, Ida Y, Furuichi Y. Hot Water Extract of Adzuki (Vigna angularis) Suppresses Antigen-Stimulated Degranulation in Rat Basophilic Leukemia RBL-2H3 Cells and Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis Reaction in Mice. Phytother Res 2011; 26:1003-11. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Itoh
- Faculty of Agriculture; Kinki University; 3327-204 Nakamachi; Nara; 631-8505; Japan
| | - Yumiko Hori
- School of pharmacy; Showa University; 1-5-8 Hatanodai; Shinagawaku; Tokyo; 142-8555; Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Atsumi
- School of pharmacy; Showa University; 1-5-8 Hatanodai; Shinagawaku; Tokyo; 142-8555; Japan
| | - Kazuo Toriizuka
- School of pharmacy; Showa University; 1-5-8 Hatanodai; Shinagawaku; Tokyo; 142-8555; Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakamura
- Imuraya Confectionery Co., Ltd.; 7-1-1 Takachaya; Tsu; Mie; 514-8530; Japan
| | - Takeshi Maeyama
- Imuraya Confectionery Co., Ltd.; 7-1-1 Takachaya; Tsu; Mie; 514-8530; Japan
| | - Masashi Ando
- Faculty of Agriculture; Kinki University; 3327-204 Nakamachi; Nara; 631-8505; Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Tsukamasa
- Faculty of Agriculture; Kinki University; 3327-204 Nakamachi; Nara; 631-8505; Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Ida
- Yokohaha College of Pharmacy; 601 Matano, Totsukaku; Yokohama; Kanagawa; 245-0066; Japan
| | - Yukio Furuichi
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Nagoya Women's University; 3-40 Shioji, Mizuhoku; Nagoya; Aichi; 467-8610; Japan
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Yu T, Ahn HM, Shen T, Yoon K, Jang HJ, Lee YJ, Yang HM, Kim JH, Kim C, Han MH, Cha SH, Kim TW, Kim SY, Lee J, Cho JY. Anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extract derived from Phaseolus angularis beans. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:1197-1206. [PMID: 21821108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Phaseolus angularis Wight (adzuki bean) is an ethnopharmacologically well-known folk medicine that is prescribed for infection, edema, and inflammation of the joints, appendix, kidney and bladder in Korea, China and Japan. AIM OF STUDY The anti-inflammatory effect of this plant and its associated molecular mechanisms will be investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The immunomodulatory activity of Phaseolus angularis ethanol extract (Pa-EE) in toll like receptor (TLR)-activated macrophages induced by ligands such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Poly (I:C), and pam3CSK was investigated by assessing nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG)E(2) levels. To identify which transcription factors such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB and their signaling enzymes can be targeted to Pa-EE, biochemical approaches including reporter gene assays, immunoprecipitation, kinase assays, and immunoblot analyses were also employed. Finally, whether Pa-EE was orally available, ethanol (EtOH)/hydrochloric acid (HCl)-induced gastritis model in mice was used. RESULTS Pa-EE dose-dependently suppressed the release of PGE(2) and NO in LPS-, Poly(I:C)-, and pam3CSK-activated macrophages. Pa-EE strongly down-regulated LPS-induced mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Interestingly, Pa-EE markedly inhibited NF-κB, activator protein (AP)-1, and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) activation; further, according to direct kinase assays and immunoblot analyses, Pa-EE blocked the activation of the upstream signaling molecules spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), p38, and transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1). Finally, orally administered Pa-EE clearly ameliorated EtOH/HCl-induced gastritis in mice. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that Pa-EE can be further developed as a promising anti-inflammatory remedy because it targets multiple inflammatory signaling enzymes and transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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Soto ML, Moure A, Domínguez H, Parajó JC. Recovery, concentration and purification of phenolic compounds by adsorption: A review. J FOOD ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Itoh T, Ohguchi K, Nakajima C, Oyama M, Iinuma M, Nozawa Y, Akao Y, Ito M. Inhibitory effects of flavonoid glycosides isolated from the peel of Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki Fuyu) on antigen-stimulated degranulation in rat basophilic leukaemia RBL-2H3 cells. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chalcone glycosides isolated from aerial parts of Brassica rapa L. 'hidabeni' suppress antigen-stimulated degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:7052-7. [PMID: 20801664 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We isolated three chalcone glycosides along with other glycoside constituents from the aerial parts of Brassica rapa L. 'hidabeni' and examined the effects of these compounds on the antigen-stimulated degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells. Treatments with both 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4-hydroxy-3'-methoxychalcone (C1) and 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3',4-dimethoxychalcone (C2) markedly inhibited antigen (Ag)-stimulated degranulation. To gain further insight into the inhibitory mechanisms by C1 and C2, we examined early intracellular signaling events, Ca(2+) mobilization and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Both C1 and C2 did not affect early intracellular signaling events but exhibited the suppression of intracellular ROS production through NADPH oxidase (NOX) inactivation. From these results, we proposed that the inhibitory effects of C1 and C2 on Ag-stimulated degranulation were mainly due to suppression of intracellular Ca(2+) elevation by suppression of intracellular ROS production through NOX inactivation. Our findings suggest that C1 and C2 would be beneficial to alleviate symptoms of type I allergy.
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Ninomiya M, Itoh T, Ishikawa S, Saiki M, Narumiya K, Yasuda M, Koshikawa K, Nozawa Y, Koketsu M. Phenolic constituents isolated from Fragaria ananassa Duch. inhibit antigen-stimulated degranulation through direct inhibition of spleen tyrosine kinase activation. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:5932-7. [PMID: 20663674 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Itoh T, Tsukane M, Koike M, Nakamura C, Ohguchi K, Ito M, Akao Y, Koshimizu S, Nozawa Y, Wakimoto T, Nukaya H, Suwa Y. Inhibitory effects of whisky congeners on IgE-mediated degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:7149-7157. [PMID: 20507065 DOI: 10.1021/jf100998c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Whisky is matured in oak casks. Many nonvolatile substances (whisky congeners, WC) seep from the oak cask during the maturing process. In this study, three antiallergic agents (syringaldehyde, SA; lyoniresinol, Lyo; and ellagic acid, EA) were isolated from WC. Treatment with SA, Lyo, and EA reduced the elevation of intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) and intracellular ROS production caused by FcepsilonRI activation. The inhibitions of the elevation of [Ca(2+)]i and intracellular ROS production by SA and Lyo were mainly due to the suppression of the NADPH oxidase activity and scavenging of the produced radical, respectively. On the other hand, EA inactivated spleen tyrosine kinase and led to the inhibition of the elevation of [Ca(2+)]i and intracellular ROS production. Furthermore, it was found that WC strongly inhibited IgE binding to the FcepsilonRIalpha chain, whereas SA, Lyo, and EA did not indicate this inhibitory effect. These results suggest that WC inhibits allergic reactions through multiple mechanisms. To disclose the in vivo effects of WC, SA, Lyo, and EA, these compounds were administered to type I allergic model mice, and the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction was measured. These compounds remarkably suppressed the PCA reaction. Taken together, these findings suggest that WC seemed to be beneficial to ameliorate allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Itoh
- Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan.
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Inhibitory effects of flavonoids isolated from Fragaria ananassa Duch on IgE-mediated degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:5374-9. [PMID: 19596200 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We isolated the 4 kinds of flavonoids from strawberry 'Nohime' and examined the effect of these flavonoids on the degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells. The flavonoids were found to suppress the degranulation from Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells to different extents. To disclose the inhibitory mechanism of degranulation by flavonoids, we examined their effects on the intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) and the intracellular signaling pathway such as Lyn, Syk, and PLCgammas. The intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) was elevated by Fc epsilonRI activation, but these flavonoid treatments reduced the elevation of [Ca(2+)]i by suppressing Ca(2+) influx. Kaempferol strongly suppressed the activation of Syk and PLCgammas. It was thus suggested that suppression of Ag-stimulated degranulation by the flavonoids is mainly due to suppression of [Ca(2+)]i elevation and Syk activation. These results suggested that strawberry would be of some ameliorative benefit for the allergic symptoms.
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Inhibitory effects of sesquiterpene lactones isolated from Eupatorium chinense L. on IgE-mediated degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in mice. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:3189-97. [PMID: 19318257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones (SQTLs) have been shown to suppress the degranulation as inferred by histamine release in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells. In this study, we isolated the 9 kinds of SQTLs from Eupatorium chinense L. and examined the effects of these SQTLs on the degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells. The chemical structures of two novel compounds (SQTL-3 and 8) were determined. All the SQTLs suppressed the degranulation from Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. To disclose the inhibitory mechanism of degranulation by SQTLs, we examined the activation of intracellular signaling molecules such as Lyn, Syk, and PLCgammas and intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i). None of these SQTLs showed the activation of Syk and PLCgammas. The intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) was elevated by Fc epsilonRI activation, but SQTLs treatment reduced the elevation of [Ca(2+)]i by suppressing Ca(2+) influx. Thus, it was suggested that the suppression of Ag-stimulated degranulation by these SQTLs is mainly due to the decreased Ca(2+) influx. Furthermore, in order to clarify the in vivo effect of SQTL-rich extract, we administered SQTL-rich extract to the type I allergic model mice and measured the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction induced by IgE-antigen complex. The SQTLs remarkably suppressed PCA reaction in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, it was suggested that SQTLs would be a candidate as an anti-allergic agent.
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Itoh T, Furuichi Y. Lowering serum cholesterol level by feeding a 40% ethanol-eluted fraction from HP-20 resin treated with hot water extract of adzuki beans (Vigna angularis) to rats fed a high-fat cholesterol diet. Nutrition 2009; 25:318-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2008.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2008] [Revised: 08/06/2008] [Accepted: 08/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Itoh T, Kobayashi M, Horio F, Furuichi Y. Hypoglycemic effect of hot-water extract of adzuki (Vigna angularis) in spontaneously diabetic KK-A(y) mice. Nutrition 2008; 25:134-41. [PMID: 18929464 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2008.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2008] [Revised: 08/04/2008] [Accepted: 08/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, we reported that 40% ethanol fraction of hot-water extracts of adzuki (Vigna angularis; EtEx.40) suppressed the postprandial blood glucose level and serum insulin level in normal mice and streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats. The present study examined the hypoglycemic effect of EtEx.40 on blood glucose, insulin concentrations, organ weight, serum composition, and hepatic lipid content in spontaneously diabetic KK-A(y)/Ta Jcl mice, a model for type 2 diabetes. METHODS To investigate the prevention of type 2 diabetes by EtEx.40 ingestion, 4-wk-old non-diabetic KK-A(y) mice were fed an AIN-76 diet containing 5000 mg of EtEx.40/kg of body weight per day (EtEx.40) or an AIN-76 diet without EtEx.40 for 8 wk. Furthermore, to investigate the improvement of type 2 diabetes, 7-wk-old diabetic KK-A(y) mice were fed EtEx.40 for 4 wk. RESULTS Compared with the control group, EtEx.40 supplementation had a significant effect in lowering blood glucose levels, water intake, serum insulin levels, urinary glucose, urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio, liver triacylglycerol, and total cholesterol levels. Similar results were observed in 7-wk-old diabetic KK-A(y) mice fed EtEx.40 for 4 wk. These effects were also found after short-term administration of EtEx40. Overall, EtEx.40 improved several diabetic symptoms in KK-A(y) mice. CONCLUSION EtEx.40 obtained from hot-water adzuki extracts showed preventive and ameliorative effects on the progression of diabetes in genetically diabetic KK-A(y) mice. In the present study, we conclude that the preventive and ameliorative effects by EtEx.40 were due to the modulation of blood glucose levels and the protective effect against oxidative damage in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Itoh
- Department of Bio-Active Substances Research, Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Gifu, Japan.
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Inhibitory effects of polymethoxy flavones isolated from Citrus reticulate on degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3: enhanced inhibition by their combination. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:7592-8. [PMID: 18656366 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Revised: 07/08/2008] [Accepted: 07/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Polymethoxy flavones (PMFs) are present in fruit tissues of Citrus species. It has been reported that flavonoids isolated from several Citrus have been shown to suppress the degranulation as inferred by histamine release in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells. In this study, we examined the effect of PMFs (PMF-1: 6,7,4',5'-tetramethoxy-5-monohydroxyflavone, PMF-2: 5,6,8,3',6'-pentamethoxy flavone, PMF-3: 5,6,7,3',4',5'-hexamethoxy flavone) on the degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells. All the PMFs suppressed the degranulation from Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Interestingly, PMF-combination (PMF-1+PMF-2; PMF-1+PMF-3) treatment enhanced the inhibition of degranulation compared with PMF-single treatment. In order to clarify the inhibitory mechanism of degranulation by PMFs, we examined the activation of intracellular signaling molecules such as Lyn, Syk, and PLCgammas. All the PMFs significantly suppressed the activation of Syk and PLCgammas. In Ag-mediated activation of Fc epsilonRI on mast cells, three major subfamilies of mitogen-activated protein kinases, especially ERK44/42, were activated. These PMFs reduced the level of phospho-ERKs. The intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) was elevated by Fc epsilonRI activation, and PMF treatment reduced the elevation of [Ca(2+)]i by suppressing Ca(2+) influx. Thus, it was suggested that the suppression of Ag-stimulated degranulation by these PMFs mainly is due to the Syk/PLCgammas/PKC pathway and Ca(2+) influx. Furthermore, to be noted in the PMF-combination treatment, inactivation of Syk was enhanced compared with PMF-single treatment. But the inhibitory effect of degranulation by PMF-combination treatment was not associated with the suppression of Ca(2+) influx.
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Inhibitory effect of xanthones isolated from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana L. on rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cell degranulation. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:4500-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Revised: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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