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Wang Y, Peng Q, Liu Y, Wu N, He Y, Cui X, Dan T. Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of genes involved in exopolysaccharide biosynthesis by Streptococcus thermophilus IMAU20561 grown on different sources of nitrogen. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1328824. [PMID: 38348305 PMCID: PMC10859522 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1328824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs), which are produced by lactic acid bacteria, have been found to improve the texture and functionality of fermented dairy products. In a previous study, four nitrogen sources were identified as affecting the yield, molecular weight and structure of EPSs produced by Streptococcus thermophilus IMAU20561 in M17 medium. In this genomic and transcriptomics study, a novel eps gene cluster responsible for assembly of repeating units of EPS is reported. This eps cluster (22.3 kb), consisting of 24 open reading frames, is located in the chromosomal DNA. To explore the biosynthetic mechanisms in EPS, we completed RNA-seq analysis of S. thermophilus IMAU20561 grown in four different nitrogen sources for 5 h (log phase) or 10 h (stationary phase). GO functional annotation showed that there was a significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in: amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism; ribonucleotide biosynthesis and metabolism; IMP biosynthesis and metabolism; and phosphorus metabolism. KEGG functional annotation also indicated enrichment of DEGs involved in amino acid biosynthesis, glycolysis, phosphotransferase system, fructose, and mannose metabolism. Our findings provide a better understanding the genetic traits of S. thermophilus, the biosynthetic pathways needed for the production of EPS, and a theoretical basis for screening dairy starter cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuenan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qingting Peng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Na Wu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanyan He
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xinrui Cui
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tong Dan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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2
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Kudo H, Miyanaga K, Yamamoto N. Immunomodulatory effects of extracellular glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase of exopolysaccharide-producing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JCM 1149. Food Funct 2023; 14:489-499. [PMID: 36519678 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02927h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Probiotic lactic acid bacteria evoke immunomodulatory effects in the host; however, the reasons for the different effects of various species and strains remain to be elucidated. To clarify the critical immunomodulatory components and impact of exopolysaccharide (EPS) in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, 11 types of L. plantarum strains were compared for the production of EPS, inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 and -12, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10, from THP-1 differentiated dendritic cells. EPS in the fermented medium correlated with cytokine-inducing activities. L. plantarum JCM 1149, with the highest production of EPS, also induced interleukin-6, -10, and -12 among the 11 tested strains. Notably, the cytokine-producing activities overlapped with the protein fraction in gel filtration chromatography but not with EPS, which has been reported to exert immunomodulatory effects. The 41 kDa protein that coexisted with EPS was purified as a major active component and identified as glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a known moonlighting protein. GAPDH secretion was reduced when EPS synthesis inhibitors were added to the culture medium. RNA sequencing of GAPDH-treated THP-1 cells revealed an up-regulation in the expression of genes involved in transcriptional regulation, cell surface receptor signalling, immune response, and matrix components. Here, we report, to our knowledge for the first time, that the cell surface-associated L. plantarum GAPDH plays a crucial role in cytokine production in THP-1 cells, but EPS with less activity may help GAPDH secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Kudo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Miyanaga
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan. .,Deportment of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-Shi, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yamamoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
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3
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Soloveva IV, Novikova NA, Tochilina AG, Belova IV, Kashnikov AY, Sashina TA, Zhirnov VA, Molodtsova SB. The Probiotic Strain Lactobacillus fermentum 39: Biochemical Properties, Genomic Features, and Antiviral Activity. Microbiology (Reading) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261721020132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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4
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Nguyen PT, Nguyen TT, Vo TNT, Nguyen TTX, Hoang QK, Nguyen HT. Response of Lactobacillus plantarum VAL6 to challenges of pH and sodium chloride stresses. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1301. [PMID: 33446763 PMCID: PMC7809271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80634-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of environmental stresses on the exopolysaccharide biosynthesis, after 24 h of culture at 37 °C with pH 6.8 and without sodium chloride, Lactobacillus plantarum VAL6 was exposed to different stress conditions, including pH (pHs of 3 and 8) and high sodium chloride concentration treatments. The results found that Lactobacillus plantarum VAL6 exposed to stress at pH 3 for 3 h gives the highest exopolysaccharide yield (50.44 g/L) which is 6.4 fold higher than non-stress. Under pH and sodium chloride stresses, the mannose content in exopolysaccharides decreased while the glucose increased in comparison with non-stress condition. The galactose content was highest under stress condition of pH 8 meantime rhamnose content increased sharply when Lactobacillus plantarum VAL6 was stressed at pH 3. The arabinose content in exopolysaccharides was not detected under non-stress condition but it was recorded in great amounts after 3 h of stress at pH 3. In addition, stress of pH 8 triggered the mRNA expression of epsF gene resulting in galactose-rich EPS synthesis. According to our results, the stresses of pH and sodium chloride enhance the production and change the mRNA expression of epsF gene, leading to differences in the monosaccharide composition of exopolysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phu-Tho Nguyen
- Graduate University of Sciences and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- An Giang University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Quoc-Khanh Hoang
- Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huu-Thanh Nguyen
- An Giang University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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5
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Lactobacillus fermentum: Could EPS production ability be responsible for functional properties? Food Microbiol 2020; 90:103465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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6
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Ong JS, Liu YW, Liong MT, Choi SB, Tsai YC, Low WY. Molecular evolutionary and 3D protein structural analyses of Lactobacillus fermentum elongation factor Tu, a novel brain health promoting factor. Genomics 2020; 112:3915-3924. [PMID: 32629096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The role of microbiota in gut-brain communication has led to the development of probiotics promoting brain health. Here we report a genomic study of a Lactobacillus fermentum PS150 and its patented bioactive protein, elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), which is associated with cognitive improvement in rats. The L. fermentum PS150 circular chromosome is 2,238,401 bp and it consists of 2281 genes. Chromosome comparisons with other L. fermentum strains highlighted a cluster of glycosyltransferases as potential candidate probiotic factors besides EF-Tu. Molecular evolutionary analyses on EF-Tu genes (tuf) in 235 bacteria species revealed one to three copies of the gene per genome. Seven tuf pseudogenes were found and three species only possessed pseudogenes, which is an unprecedented finding. Protein variability analysis of EF-Tu showed five highly variable residues (40 K, 41G, 42 L, 44 K, and 46E) on the protein surface, which warrant further investigation regarding their potential roles as binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Sin Ong
- Bioprocess Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yen-Wenn Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Min-Tze Liong
- Bioprocess Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Sy Bing Choi
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Jalan MAEPS Perdana, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ying-Chieh Tsai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Wai Yee Low
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Jalan MAEPS Perdana, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; The Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia.
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7
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Mizuno H, Tomotsune K, Islam MA, Funabashi R, Albarracin L, Ikeda-Ohtsubo W, Aso H, Takahashi H, Kimura K, Villena J, Sasaki Y, Kitazawa H. Exopolysaccharides From Streptococcus thermophilus ST538 Modulate the Antiviral Innate Immune Response in Porcine Intestinal Epitheliocytes. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:894. [PMID: 32508770 PMCID: PMC7248278 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It was reported that exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from lactobacilli are able to differentially modulate mucosal antiviral immunity. Although research has described the ability of EPSs derived from Streptococcus thermophilus to modulate the mucosal immune system, their impact on antiviral immunity was less explored. In this work, we investigated the capacity of the EPS-producing S. thermophilus ST538 to modulate the innate antiviral immune response triggered by the activation of the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in porcine intestinal epitheliocytes (PIE cells). Moreover, in order to study the immunomodulatory potential of S. thermophilus ST538 EPS, we successfully developed two mutant strains through the knockout of the epsB or epsC genes. High-performance liquid chromatography and scanning electron microscopy studies demonstrated that the wild type (WT) strain produced as high as 595 μg/ml of EPS in the skim milk medium, while none of the mutant strains (S. thermophilus ΔepsB and ΔepsC) were able to produce EPS. Studies in PIE cells demonstrated that the EPS of S. thermophilus ST538 is able to significantly improve the expression of interferon β (IFN-β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) in response to TLR3 stimulation. The role of EPS in the modulation of antiviral immune response in PIE cells was confirmed by comparative studies of cell free culture supernatants and fermented skim milks obtained from S. thermophilus ΔepsB and ΔepsC. These results suggest that S. thermophilus ST538 could be used as an immunobiotic strain for the development of new immunologically functional foods, which might contribute to improve resistance against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Mizuno
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kae Tomotsune
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Md Aminul Islam
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Funabashi
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Leonardo Albarracin
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.,Scientific Computing Laboratory, Computer Science Department, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, National University of Tucuman, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Wakako Ikeda-Ohtsubo
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hisashi Aso
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Plant Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kimura
- Food Microbiology and Function Research Laboratories, Meiji Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Julio Villena
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Yasuko Sasaki
- Laboratory of Fermented Foods, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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8
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Jia Y, Yang B, Ross P, Stanton C, Zhang H, Zhao J, Chen W. Comparative Genomics Analysis of Lactobacillus mucosae from Different Niches. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11010095. [PMID: 31947593 PMCID: PMC7016874 DOI: 10.3390/genes11010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential probiotic benefits of Lactobacillus mucosae have received increasing attention. To investigate the genetic diversity of L. mucosae, comparative genomic analyses of 93 strains isolated from different niches (human and animal gut, human vagina, etc.) and eight strains of published genomes were conducted. The results showed that the core genome of L. mucosae mainly encoded translation and transcription, amino acid biosynthesis, sugar metabolism, and defense function while the pan-genomic curve tended to be close. The genetic diversity of L. mucosae mainly reflected in carbohydrate metabolism and immune/competitive-related factors, such as exopolysaccharide (EPS), enterolysin A, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas. It was worth noting that this research firstly predicted the complete EPS operon shared among L. mucosae. Additionally, the type IIIA CRISPR-Cas system was discovered in L. mucosae for the first time. This work provided new ideas for the study of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (P.R.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-510-591-2155
| | - Paul Ross
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (P.R.); (C.S.)
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (P.R.); (C.S.)
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Beijing Innovation Center of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 102488, China
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9
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Wei Y, Li F, Li L, Huang L, Li Q. Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of an Exopolysaccharide With in vitro Antitumoral Activity Produced by Lactobacillus fermentum YL-11. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2898. [PMID: 31921073 PMCID: PMC6929415 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the whole genome sequence of Lactobacillus fermentum YL-11, a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strain isolated from fermented milk, was determined. Genetic information and the synthetic mechanism of the EPS in L. fermentum YL-11 were identified based on bioinformatic analysis of the complete genome. The purified EPS of YL-11 mainly comprised galactose (48.0%), glucose (30.3%), mannose (11.8%), and arabinose (6.0%). In vitro, the EPS from YL-11 exhibited inhibition activity against HT-29 and Caco-2 colon cancer cells, suggesting that EPS from strain YL-11 might be used as an antitumoral agent. EPS at 600 and 800 μg/mL achieved inhibition rates of 46.5 ± 3.5% and 45.6 ± 6.1% to HT-29 cells, respectively. The genomic information about L. fermentum YL-11 and the antitumoral activity of YL-11 EPS provide a theoretical foundation for the future application of EPS in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Wei
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Environmental and Quality Inspection, Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College, Chongqing, China
| | - Linlin Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, China
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10
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Naghmouchi K, Belguesmia Y, Bendali F, Spano G, Seal BS, Drider D. Lactobacillus fermentum: a bacterial species with potential for food preservation and biomedical applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:3387-3399. [PMID: 31729242 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1688250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid-producing bacteria are the most commonly used probiotics that play an important role in protecting the host against harmful microorganisms, strengthening the host immune system, improving feed digestibility, and reducing metabolic disorders. Lactobacillus fermentum (Lb. fermentum) is a Gram-positive bacterium belonging to Lactobacillus genus, and many reportedly to enhance the immunologic response as well as prevent community-acquired gastrointestinal and upper respiratory infections. Additionally, Lb. fermentum strains produce diverse and potent antimicrobial peptides, which can be applied as food preservative agents or as alternatives to antibiotics. Further functions attributed to probiotic Lb. fermentum strains are their abilities to decrease the level of blood stream cholesterol (as cholesterol-lowering agents) and to potentially help prevent alcoholic liver disease and colorectal cancer among humans. Finally, Lb. fermentum is a key microorganism in sourdough technology, contributing to flavor, texture, or health-promoting dough ingredients, and has recently been used to develop new foods stuffs such as fortified and functional foods with beneficial attributes for human health. Development of such new foodstuffs are currently taking important proportions of the food industry market. Furthermore, an increasing awareness of the consumers prompts the food-makers to implement alternative environmental friendly solutions in the production processes and/or suitable biological alternative to limit the use of antibiotics in feed and food. Here, we give an account on the application of Lb. fermentum strains in the biomedical and food preservation fields, with a focus on probiotic features such as bacteriocin production. We also summarize the use of Lb. fermentum as cell factories with the aim to improve the efficacy and health value of functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Naghmouchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Al Baha University, Saudi Arabia.,Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, LR01ES05 Biochimie et Biotechnologie, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Yanath Belguesmia
- Université Lille, INRA, ISA, Université d'Artois, Université Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394-ICV Institut Charles Viollette, Lille, France
| | - Farida Bendali
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Giuseppe Spano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Università di Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Bruce S Seal
- Biology Program, Oregon State University Cascades, Bend, Oregon, USA
| | - Djamel Drider
- Université Lille, INRA, ISA, Université d'Artois, Université Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394-ICV Institut Charles Viollette, Lille, France
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11
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Disclosing diversity of exopolysaccharide-producing lactobacilli from Spanish natural ciders. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Ispirli H, Dertli E. Isolation and characterisation of lactic acid bacteria from traditional koumiss and kurut. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1372473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hümeyra Ispirli
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey
| | - Enes Dertli
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey
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13
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Lye HS, Kato T, Low WY, Taylor TD, Prakash T, Lew LC, Ohno H, Liong MT. Lactobacillus fermentum FTDC 8312 combats hypercholesterolemia via alteration of gut microbiota. J Biotechnol 2017; 262:75-83. [PMID: 28935567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, hypercholesterolemic mice fed with Lactobacillus fermentum FTDC 8312 after a seven-week feeding trial showed a reduction in serum total cholesterol (TC) levels, accompanied by a decrease in serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, an increase in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, and a decreased ratio of apoB100:apoA1 when compared to those fed with control or a type strain, L. fermentum JCM 1173. These have contributed to a decrease in atherogenic indices (TC/HDL-C) of mice on the FTDC 8312 diet. Serum triglyceride (TG) levels of mice fed with FTDC 8312 and JCM 1173 were comparable to those of the controls. A decreased ratio of cholesterol and phospholipids (C/P) was also observed for mice fed with FTDC 8312, leading to a decreased number of spur red blood cells (RBC) formation in mice. Additionally, there was an increase in fecal TC, TG, and total bile acid levels in mice on FTDC 8312 diet compared to those with JCM 1173 and controls. The administration of FTDC 8312 also altered the gut microbiota population such as an increase in the members of genera Akkermansia and Oscillospira, affecting lipid metabolism and fecal bile excretion in the mice. Overall, we demonstrated that FTDC 8312 exerted a cholesterol lowering effect that may be attributed to gut microbiota modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Shi Lye
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Tamotsu Kato
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Immunobiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanawaga 230-0045, Japan
| | - Wai-Yee Low
- Davies Research Centre, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Todd D Taylor
- Laboratory for Integrated Bioinformatics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tulika Prakash
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mandi - 175005, HP, India
| | - Lee-Ching Lew
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Immunobiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanawaga 230-0045, Japan; USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Min-Tze Liong
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia; USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia.
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Sulaiman IM, Jacobs E, Simpson S, Kerdahi K. Multilocus Genetic Characterization of Lactobacillus fermentum Isolated from Ready-to-Eat Canned Food. J Food Prot 2017; 80:963-968. [PMID: 28467184 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The primary mission of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration is to enforce the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and regulate food, drug, and cosmetic products. Thus, this agency monitors the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in these products, including canned foods, as one of the regulatory action criteria and also ensures that these products are safe for human consumption. This study was carried out to investigate the effectiveness of pathogen control and integrity of ready-to-eat canned food containing Black Bean Corn Poblano Salsa. A total of nine unopened and recalled canned glass jars from the same lot were examined initially by conventional microbiologic protocols that involved a two-step enrichment, followed by streaking on selective agar plates, for the presence of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Of the eight subsamples examined for each sample, all subsamples of one of the containers were found positive for the presence of slow-growing rod-shaped, gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacteria. The recovered isolates were subsequently sequenced at rRNA and gyrB loci. Afterward, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed characterizing 11 additional known MLST loci (clpX, dnaA, dnaK, groEL, murC, murE, pepX, pyrG, recA, rpoB, and uvrC). Analyses of the nucleotide sequences of rRNA, gyrB, and 11 MLST loci confirmed these gram-positive bacteria recovered from canned food to be Lactobacillus fermentum . Thus, the DNA sequencing of housekeeping MLST genes can provide species identification of L. fermentum and can be used in the canned food monitoring program of public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad M Sulaiman
- Southeast Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 60 Eighth Street N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30309, USA
| | - Emily Jacobs
- Southeast Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 60 Eighth Street N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30309, USA
| | - Steven Simpson
- Southeast Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 60 Eighth Street N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30309, USA
| | - Khalil Kerdahi
- Southeast Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 60 Eighth Street N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30309, USA
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15
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Complete Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus fermentum MTCC 25067 (Formerly TDS030603), a Viscous Exopolysaccharide-Producing Strain Isolated from Indian Fermented Milk. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/13/e00091-17. [PMID: 28360165 PMCID: PMC5374239 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00091-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacillus fermentum MTCC 25067 (formerly TDS030603) is capable of producing a highly viscous slime exopolysaccharide. We report here the complete genome sequence of the strain, which was deciphered by using PacBio single-molecule real-time sequencing technology.
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16
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Technological, rheological and sensory characterizations of a yogurt containing an exopolysaccharide extract from Lactobacillus fermentum Lf2, a new food additive. Food Res Int 2016; 90:259-267. [PMID: 29195880 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus fermentum Lf2, an autochthonous strain isolated as a non starter culture in Cremoso cheese, produces high EPS levels (~1g/L) in optimized conditions (SDM broth, pH6.0, 30°C, 72h). Technological (texture profile and rheological analysis) and sensory properties of non-fat yogurts with 300 and 600mg EPS/L were studied at 3 and 25days after manufacture. Yogurts with different EPS concentrations showed higher hardness values than the control group at both periods of time, being the only significant difference that remained stable during time. The consistency index was also higher for the treated samples at both times evaluated, being significantly different for samples with 300mg/L of EPS extract, while the flow behavior index was lower for EPS-added yogurts. The thixotropic index was lower (P<0.05) for samples with the highest EPS extract concentration at the end of the storage time. Regarding the sensory analysis, those yogurts with 600mg/L of EPS extract presented the highest values of consistency at 3days of storage. No considerable differences for defects (milk powder, acid, bitter and cooked milk flavors) were perceived between treated and control samples at both times evaluated. Syneresis was also studied and samples with 600mg/L of EPS extract presented the lowest syneresis values at 25days of storage, which considerably decreased with the time of storage. In conclusion, the EPS from L. fermentum Lf2, used as an additive, provided yogurt with creamy consistency and increased hardness, without the presence of unwanted defects and improving the water holding capacity of the product. All the analysis done showed the potential of this extract to be used as a technofunctional natural ingredient, and it should be considered its positive impact on health, according to previous studies.
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Kambourova M, Radchenkova N, Tomova I, Bojadjieva I. Thermophiles as a Promising Source of Exopolysaccharides with Interesting Properties. BIOTECHNOLOGY OF EXTREMOPHILES: 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13521-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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18
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Transcriptional analysis of exopolysaccharides biosynthesis gene clusters in Lactobacillus plantarum. Arch Microbiol 2015; 198:295-300. [PMID: 26546316 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-015-1169-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) from lactic acid bacteria contribute to specific rheology and texture of fermented milk products and find applications also in non-dairy foods and in therapeutics. Recently, four clusters of genes (cps) associated with surface polysaccharide production have been identified in Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1, a probiotic and food-associated lactobacillus. These clusters are involved in cell surface architecture and probably in release and/or exposure of immunomodulating bacterial molecules. Here we show a transcriptional analysis of these clusters. Indeed, RT-PCR experiments revealed that the cps loci are organized in five operons. Moreover, by reverse transcription-qPCR analysis performed on L. plantarum WCFS1 (wild type) and WCFS1-2 (ΔccpA), we demonstrated that expression of three cps clusters is under the control of the global regulator CcpA. These results, together with the identification of putative CcpA target sequences (catabolite responsive element CRE) in the regulatory region of four out of five transcriptional units, strongly suggest for the first time a role of the master regulator CcpA in EPS gene transcription among lactobacilli.
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Dan T, Liu W, Song Y, Xu H, Menghe B, Zhang H, Sun Z. The evolution and population structure of Lactobacillus fermentum from different naturally fermented products as determined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:107. [PMID: 25990318 PMCID: PMC4437502 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0447-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lactobacillus fermentum is economically important in the production and preservation of fermented foods. A repeatable and discriminative typing method was devised to characterize L. fermentum at the molecular level. The multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme developed was based on analysis of the internal sequence of 11 housekeeping gene fragments (clpX, dnaA, dnaK, groEL, murC, murE, pepX, pyrG, recA, rpoB, and uvrC). Results MLST analysis of 203 isolates of L. fermentum from Mongolia and seven provinces/ autonomous regions in China identified 57 sequence types (ST), 27 of which were represented by only a single isolate, indicating high genetic diversity. Phylogenetic analyses based on the sequence of the 11 housekeeping gene fragments indicated that the L. fermentum isolates analyzed belonged to two major groups. A standardized index of association (IAS) indicated a weak clonal population structure in L. fermentum. Split decomposition analysis indicated that recombination played an important role in generating the genetic diversity observed in L. fermentum. The results from the minimum spanning tree strongly suggested that evolution of L. fermentum STs was not correlated with geography or food-type. Conclusions The MLST scheme developed will be valuable for further studies on the evolution and population structure of L. fermentum isolates used in food products. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-015-0447-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Dan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of P. R. China, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, P. R. China.
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of P. R. China, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, P. R. China.
| | - Yuqin Song
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of P. R. China, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, P. R. China.
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of P. R. China, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, P. R. China.
| | - Bilige Menghe
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of P. R. China, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, P. R. China.
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of P. R. China, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, P. R. China.
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of P. R. China, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, P. R. China.
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Shi T, Aryantini NPD, Uchida K, Urashima T, Fukuda K. Enhancement of Exopolysaccharide Production of Lactobacillus fermentum TDS030603 by Modifying Culture Conditions. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2014; 33:85-90. [PMID: 25003022 PMCID: PMC4081186 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.33.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
To optimize culture conditions that enhance production of a highly viscous exopolysaccharide of Lactobacillus fermentum TDS030603, a chemically defined medium was examined. The best yield was found to be 199 ± 23 mg/l when 48-hr cultivation was microaerobically performed at 30°C in the chemically defined medium supplemented with 5% glucose and 1% ammonium citrate without pH control. In response to the optimized exopolysaccharide production, the mRNA expression levels of epsB, epsE, and epsG elevated significantly. Our results indicated that the optimal C/N ratio and/or microaerobic condition can alter the expression levels of several exopolysaccharide biosynthesis-related genes promoting the exopolysaccharide production yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tala Shi
- Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11 Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Ni Putu Desy Aryantini
- Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11 Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Uchida
- Research Center, Yotsuba Milk Products Co., Ltd., 465-1 Wako, Kitahiroshima, Hokkaido 061-1264, Japan
| | - Tadasu Urashima
- Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11 Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Fukuda
- Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11 Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
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Kanmani P, Satish Kumar R, Yuvaraj N, Paari KA, Pattukumar V, Arul V. Probiotics and its functionally valuable products-a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2013; 53:641-58. [PMID: 23627505 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.553752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
During the past two decades probiotic bacteria have been increasingly proposed as health promoting bacteria in variety of food system, because of its safety, functional, and technological characteristics. Commonly, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Saccharomyces boulardii, and some other microorganisms have been considered as probiotic strains. Possibly these bacterial strains exerted several beneficial effects into gastrointestinal tract of host while administered with variety of food system. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) usually produce antimicrobial substances like bacteriocin which have broad spectrum of antagonist effect against closely related Gram positive and Gram negative pathogens. LAB strains often produce polymeric substances such as exopolysaccharides (EPS) which increase the colonization of probiotic bacteria by cell-cell interactions in gastrointestinal tract. LAB also produces biosurfactant which showed that the wide range of antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogen as well as its antiadhesive properties reduces the adhesion of pathogens into gastric wall membrane. Furthermore, LAB strains have also been reported for production of antioxidants which are ability to scavenge the free radicals such as superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals. For this sense, this review article is mainly focused on the ecology, biosynthesis, genetics, target sites, and applications of bacteriocins and EPS from LAB strains. Moreover, this review discusses about the production and functions of nutritive essential element folate and iron chelating agent such as siderophores from LAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulraj Kanmani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605014, India
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Gerwig GJ, Dobruchowska JM, Shi T, Urashima T, Fukuda K, Kamerling JP. Structure determination of the exopolysaccharide of Lactobacillus fermentum TDS030603—A revision. Carbohydr Res 2013; 378:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Fanning S, Hall LJ, van Sinderen D. Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 surface exopolysaccharide production is a beneficial trait mediating commensal-host interaction through immune modulation and pathogen protection. Gut Microbes 2013; 3:420-5. [PMID: 22713271 DOI: 10.4161/gmic.20630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria constitute a substantial proportion of the human gut microbiota. There are currently many bifidobacterial strains with claimed probiotic attributes. The mechanism through which these strains reside within their host and exert benefits to the host is far from fully understood. We have shown in the case of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 that a cell surface exopolysaccharide (EPS) plays a role in in vivo persistence. Biosynthesis of two possible EPSs is controlled by a bidirectional gene cluster which guides alternate EPS synthesis by means of a reorienting promoter. The presence of EPS impacts on host immune response: the wild type, EPS-positive B. breve UCC2003 efficiently evades the adaptive B-cell host response, while its isogenic, EPS-deficient equivalent elicits a strong adaptive immune response. Functionally, EPS positive strains were more resilient to presence of acid and bile and were responsible for reduced colonization levels of Citrobacter rodentium, a gut pathogen. In conclusion, we have found that EPS is important in host interactions and pathogen protection, the latter indicative of a probiotic ability for the EPS of B. breve UCC2003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranna Fanning
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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