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Odigie AE, Capozza P, Tempesta M, Decaro N, Pratelli A. Epidemiological investigation of enteric canine coronaviruses in domestic dogs: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Res Vet Sci 2024; 174:105289. [PMID: 38749265 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Canine enteric coronavirus (CeCoV) is a globally distributed enteric pathogen that causes significant harm to canines. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the global dissemination of CeCoV and assess the potential for infected canines to be exposed to various CeCoV genotypes and subtypes. With an aggregated prevalence of 18.8%, the study predicted regional variations, indicating that CeCoV is an exceptionally prevalent disease. The increased likelihood that infected canines will be asymptomatic is a significant cause for concern, as undetected cases of CeCoV infection could persist and spread the disease. This underscores the significance of ongoing surveillance of CeCoV in order to avert its transmission. Nevertheless, further investigation is necessary in order to ascertain the moderators that significantly impact the prevalence and distribution of distinct subtypes and genotypes of CeCoV. Hence, it is imperative to undertake randomized clinical trials in order to acquire a more accurate understanding of the variables that influence the prevalence of CeCoV. By conducting ongoing surveillance, regional variations in the prevalence of CeCoV in canines can be accounted for, thereby enhancing our comprehension of the illness and ultimately impeding its transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Capozza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Tempesta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Decaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Annamaria Pratelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
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2
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Van Nguyen T, Kasantikul T, Piewbang C, Techangamsuwan S. Evolutionary dynamics of canine kobuvirus in Vietnam and Thailand reveal the evidence of viral ability to evade host immunity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12037. [PMID: 38802579 PMCID: PMC11130191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Canine kobuvirus (CaKoV) is a pathogen associated with canine gastrointestinal disease (GID). This study examined 327 rectal swabs (RS), including 113 from Vietnam (46 healthy, 67 with GID) and 214 from Thailand (107 healthy and 107 with GID). CaKoV was detected in both countries, with prevalences of 28.3% (33/113) in Vietnam and 7.9% (17/214) in Thailand. Additionally, CaKoV was found in both dogs with diarrhea and healthy dogs. CaKoV was mainly found in puppies under six months of age (30.8%). Co-detection with other canine viruses were also observed. The complete coding sequence (CDS) of nine Vietnamese and four Thai CaKoV strains were characterized. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close genetic relationship between Vietnamese and Thai CaKoV strains, which were related to the Chinese strains. CDS analysis indicated a distinct lineage for two Vietnamese CaKoV strains. Selective pressure analysis on the viral capsid (VP1) region showed negative selection, with potential positive selection sites on B-cell epitopes. This study, the first of its kind in Vietnam, provides insights into CaKoV prevalence in dogs of different ages and healthy statuses, updates CaKoV occurrence in Thailand, and sheds light on its molecular characteristics and immune evasion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin Van Nguyen
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Animal Virome and Diagnostic Development Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanit Kasantikul
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Chutchai Piewbang
- Animal Virome and Diagnostic Development Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Somporn Techangamsuwan
- Animal Virome and Diagnostic Development Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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3
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Li N, Bai Y, Yan X, Guo Z, Xiang K, Yang Z, Shangguan H, Ge J, Zhao L. The prevalence, genetic diversity and evolutionary analysis of cachavirus firstly detected in northeastern China. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1233972. [PMID: 37771946 PMCID: PMC10527371 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1233972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine cachavirus is a novel parvovirus belonging to the genus Chaphamaparvovirus that was first detected in dogs in the United States. However, our knowledge of the prevalence and genetic characteristics of cachavirus is relatively limited. In this study, 325 canine fecal specimens collected from healthy and diarrheic dogs in northeastern China were screened with PCR. Twenty-two of the 325 (6.8%) samples were positive for cachavirus. The diarrhea samples showed high viral coinfection rates, and we detected coinfections with canine astrovirus (CaAstV) and cachavirus for the first time. A sequence analysis revealed that the Chinese cachavirus strains have point mutations in four consecutive amino acid codons relative to the original American strain. A codon usage analysis of the VP1 gene showed that most preferred codons in cachavirus were A- or T-ending codons, as in traditional canine parvovirus 2. A co-evolutionary analysis showed that cachavirus has undergone cospeciation with its hosts and has been transmitted among different host species. Our findings extend the limited cachavirus sequences available, and provide detailed molecular characterization of the strains in northeastern China. Further epidemiological surveillance is required to determine the significance and evolution of cachavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuowa Li
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Yan
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiyuan Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Kongrui Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zaixing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Haikun Shangguan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Junwei Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Harbin, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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4
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Eriksen EØ. A Systematic Review: Is Porcine Kobuvirus Causing Gastrointestinal Disease in Young Pigs? Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10040286. [PMID: 37104441 PMCID: PMC10144032 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10040286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Since porcine kobuvirus (PKV) was first described in 2008, researchers have speculated whether the virus is of clinical importance. This systematic literature review answers the question: Is porcine kobuvirus a cause of gastrointestinal disease in young pigs? A case-control study showed that PKV was not associated with neonatal diarrhea. A cohort study suffered from a very small sample size (n = 5), and in an experimental trial, the effect of PKV inoculation could not be separated from the effect of being inoculated with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. In 13 poorly defined observational studies, more than 4000 young pigs had been assigned a diarrhea status and their feces analyzed for PKV. Unfortunately, the studies lacked well-characterized unbiased samples, and thus the strongest possible inference from these studies was that a very strong association between PKV and diarrhea is unlikely. PKV was commonly detected in non-diarrheic pigs, and this could indicate that PKV is not a sufficient cause in itself or that reinfection of individuals with some immunological protection due to previous infections is common. Conclusively, there is a lack of good evidence of PKV being a cause of gastrointestinal disease, but the sparse available evidence suggests that PKV is of limited clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esben Østergaard Eriksen
- Section for Production, Nutrition and Health, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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5
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Detection and genetic characterization of canine kobuvirus from stray dogs in Shanghai, China. Arch Virol 2023; 168:112. [PMID: 36918497 PMCID: PMC10013983 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, rectal samples collected from 60 stray dogs in dog shelters were screened for canine kobuvirus and other enteroviruses by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Canine kobuvirus was detected in 25% (15/60) of the samples. In the 15 positive samples, the coinfection rates of canine distemper virus, canine coronavirus, canine astrovirus, canine norovirus, and canine rotavirus were 26.67%, 20.00%, 73.33%, 0%, and 20.00%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial VP1 sequences identified a novel canine kobuvirus that was a recombinant of canine and feline kobuvirus. Bayesian evolutionary analysis revealed that the rate of evolution of the VP1 gene of canine kobuvirus was 1.36 × 10-4 substitutions per site per year (95% highest posterior density interval, 6.28 × 10-7 - 4.30 × 10-4 substitutions per site per year). Finally, the divergence time of VP1 was around 19.44 years ago (95% highest posterior density interval, 12.96-27.57 years).
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Li N, Bai Y, Liu R, Guo Z, Yan X, Xiang K, Liu F, Zhao L, Ge J. Prevalence and genetic diversity of canine coronavirus in northeastern China during 2019-2021. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 94:101956. [PMID: 36804645 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.101956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Canine coronavirus (CCoV) is associated with diarrhea in dogs, with a high incidence and sometimes even death. However, there is currently limited information about its prevalence and molecular characterization in northeastern China. Therefore, in this study, we examined 325 canine fecal specimens in four provinces in northeastern China from 2019 to 2021. PCR results revealed that 57 out of 325 (17.5%) samples were found to be positive for CCoV, and the positive rate varies obviously with city, season, age and so on. High incidence (65%) of viral co-infection was detected in the diarrhea samples and mixed infection of distinct CCoV genotypes occurs extensively. More importantly, sequence analysis showed that the S gene has a strong mutation. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that CCoV-I and CCoV-II strains has different origins. In particular, we found the CCoV-IIa strains of S gene sequenced and the reference strain B906_ZJ_2019 were highly clustered, and the reference strain was a recombinant strain of CCoV-I and CCoV-II. Our findings provide useful orienting clues for evaluating the pathogenic potential of CCoV in canines, and point out more details on characterization in northeastern China. Further work is required to determine the significance and continuous genetic evolution of CCoV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuowa Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yue Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Runhang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhiyuan Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xin Yan
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Kongrui Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Feng Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xian Road, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Junwei Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Harbin 150030, China.
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7
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Aftab G, Arfaee F, Akhtardanesh B, Nikbakht Brojeni G. Molecular characterization of canine and feline kobuvirus infections in Iran. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2022; 13:447-450. [PMID: 36320293 PMCID: PMC9548235 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2020.128667.2975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Kobuviruses are viral pathogens with broad host range presented in human gastroenteritis cases; but, the pathogenesis of these viruses in companion animals is not well described. In the present study, the presence of canine (CaKVs) and feline kobuviruses (FeKVs) was detected in the 100 fecal samples of diarrhoeic and healthy companion dogs and cats by polymerase chain reaction in Tehran, Iran. The prevalence of infection was estimated as 8.00% and 4.00% in dogs and cats, respectively. All positive samples were belonged to non-diarrhoeic animals except for a feline sample being co-infected with panleukopenia. Sequence analysis showed multiple point mutations in canine and feline Iranian strains and new feline strain was detected in the present study. This is the first detection of CaKVs and FeKVs in Iran; but, the exact role of these enteric viral pathogens and their zoonotic risks are better to be clarified in all endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Aftab
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Arfaee
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Baharak Akhtardanesh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; ,Correspondence Baharak Akhtardanesh. DVM, DVSc Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran. E-mail:
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8
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Duplex SYBR Green I-based real-time PCR assay for the rapid detection of canine kobuvirus and canine astrovirus. J Virol Methods 2021; 290:114066. [PMID: 33453300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A duplex SYBR Green I-based real-time PCR assay was established for the simultaneous detection of canine kobuvirus (CaKoV) and canine astrovirus (CaAstV). This assay can easily distinguish the two viruses according to their different melting temperatures (Tm) of 80 °C for CaKoV and 86.5 °C for CaAstV; other canine enteroviruses used as controls showed no specific melting peaks. The detection limit of this assay was determined to be 101 copies/μL for both viruses. This method exhibited high repeatability and reproducibility, with a coefficient of variation less than 1.5 %. A total of 48 fecal samples were collected for clinical testing by real-time PCR and confirmed by sequencing. Real-time PCR assay showed a 10.4 % CaKoV-positive rate and a 4.2 % CaAstV-positive rate, and the positive rate of co-infection of the two viruses was 2.1 %, which was consistent with the sequencing results. This assay has many advantages over conventional PCR: it is rapid, sensitive, specific, and reliable for detecting these two viruses in one sample, and it can be used as a tool to detect CaKoV and CaAstV infection or co-infection in clinical settings.
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9
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Identification and full-genome sequencing of canine kobuvirus in canine fecal samples collected from Anhui Province, eastern China. Arch Virol 2020; 165:2495-2501. [PMID: 32776176 PMCID: PMC7415332 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04773-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Canine kobuvirus (CaKoV), a newly described virus, is the causative agent of gastroenteritis in dogs. In this study, 57 fecal samples from dogs with diarrhea in Anhui Province, eastern China, were collected. Among these, five samples were identified to be infected with CaKoV, by polymerase chain reaction targeting the CaKoV 3D gene. The five CaKoV strains were subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The sequences of VP1 from the five CaKoV strains were 93.6%–96.1% identical to each other and 91.75%–97.95% identical to other reported CaKoV VP1 sequences. In addition, the complete genome of one strain was successfully amplified and sequenced. The genome consisted of 8223 nucleotides and shared 94.6%–97.0% nucleotide and 93.1%–94.0% amino acid sequence identity with other CaKoV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the CaKoV strain from Anhui Province was similar to other Chinese strains, and it was more closely related to feline and mouse kobuviruses than to sheep and bovine kobuviruses. Interestingly, all of the CaKoV-positive samples were coinfected with canine parvovirus. The finding of CaKoV infection in dogs with diarrhea and coinfection with canine parvovirus are a cause for concern and highlight the need for management and preventive measures.
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Wang Y, Cui Y, Li Y, Zhang D, Sun J, Guo X, Liu G, Jiang S, Li Y. Development of an SYBR Green I-based real-time PCR assay for the rapid detection of canine kobuvirus. J Virol Methods 2020; 285:113944. [PMID: 32730841 PMCID: PMC7385718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The first development a SYBR Green I-based real-time PCR assay to detect canine kobuvirus. Canine kobuvirus (CaKoV) was detected at a rate of 8.7 % in the Anhui province. This method has implications for the prevention and control of CaKoV-infect in dogs.
Canine kobuvirus (CaKoV) is a causative agent of gastroenteritis in dogs. Rapid detection of CaKoV is important for preventing and controlling this condition. In this study, an SYBR Green I-based quantitative real-time PCR assay was established for CaKoV detection. Specific primers targeting a highly conserved region of the CaKoV 3D gene were developed. After optimization, the method detected a minimum of 1 × 101 copies/μL with high specificity, stability, and repeatability. Moreover, the entire process only required approximately 1.5 h for completion. Our results were supported by those obtained for clinical samples, in which our developed method was successfully applied. The newly established real-time PCR is a rapid, sensitive, specific, and repeatable method for the quantitative detection of CaKoV and can, therefore, be used in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Yongqiu Cui
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Yeqiu Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Da Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Jianfei Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Xu Guo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Shudong Jiang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China.
| | - Yongdong Li
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Virology, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, PR China.
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Wang Z, Jiang Y, Liu X, Lin W, Feng Q, Xin T, Guo X, Hou S, Zhu H, Jia H. Epidemiological and phylogenetic analysis of canine kobuviruses in Tangshan, China. Arch Virol 2020; 165:2317-2322. [PMID: 32643035 PMCID: PMC7341465 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Canine kobuviruses (CaKoV) have been found in healthy and diarrheic dogs as well as asymptomatic wild carnivores in various countries. In order to investigate the prevalence and evolution of CaKoV in Tangshan, China, 82 dog fecal samples from pet hospitals in Tangshan were subjected to RT-PCR targeting a segment of the 3D gene of CaKoV. Using this method, we identified CaKoV in 14 samples (17.07%, 14/82). Of the CaKoV-positive samples, 78.57% (11/14) and 50% (7/14) were positive for canine parvovirus and canine coronavirus, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of the 14 strains 96.6%–100% identical to each other and 77.6%–99.2% identical to representative sequences from the NCBI GenBank database. We also amplified the 14 VP1 gene sequences and found that they were 93.3%–99.6% identical to each other and 73.3%–97.8% identical to representative sequences from the NCBI GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 14 CaKoV strains from Tangshan are closely related to those identified in China and Thailand and display less similarity to those found in Africa, the United States, and Europe. Our data suggest that CaKoV circulated in young pet dogs in Tangshan and displays a high co-infection rate with CCoV and CPV. However, the relationship between the three viruses and their roles in the host requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yajun Jiang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weidong Lin
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qianqian Feng
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ting Xin
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shaohua Hou
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongfei Zhu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hong Jia
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China.
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12
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Wang R, Zhang W, Ye R, Pan Z, Li G, Su S. One-step multiplex TaqMan probe-based method for real-time PCR detection of four canine diarrhea viruses. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 53:101618. [PMID: 32534013 PMCID: PMC7286240 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Viral canine diarrhea has high morbidity and mortality and is prevalent worldwide, resulting in severe economic and spiritual losses to pet owners. However, diarrhea pathogens have similar clinical symptoms and are difficult to diagnose clinically. Thus, fast and accurate diagnostic methods are of great significance for prevention and accurate treatment. In this study, we developed a one-step multiplex TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR for the differential diagnosis of four viruses causing canine diarrhea including, CPV (Canine Parvovirus), CCoV (Canine Coronavirus), CAstV (Canine Astrovirus), and CaKoV (Canine Kobuviruses). The limit of detection was up to 102 copies/μL and performed well with high sensitivity and specificity. This assay was optimized and used to identify possible antagonistic relationships between viruses. From this, artificial pre-experiments were performed for mixed infections, and a total of 82 canine diarrhea field samples were collected from different animal hospitals in Zhejiang, China to assess the method. The virus prevalence was significantly higher than what previously reported based on RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction). Taken together, these results suggest that the method can be used as a preferred tool for monitoring laboratory epidemics, timely prevention, and effective monitoring of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Ye
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongzhou Pan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gairu Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuo Su
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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Qi S, Zhao J, Guo D, Sun D. A Mini-Review on the Epidemiology of Canine Parvovirus in China. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:5. [PMID: 32154272 PMCID: PMC7044151 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine viral diarrhea is a severe disease in dogs worldwide. The role of canine parvovirus (CPV) in canine viral diarrhea is a common health problem in dogs, attracting major concern from veterinarians and dog owners across China. In this mini-review, we summarize the CPV epidemiology in China, including its origin, prevalence, coinfection, and the genetic evolution of the virus. The review reveals the correlation between CPV-2 infection and seasonality, a dog's age/gender/breed/vaccination; that CPV-2 is the main causative agent of canine diarrhea in Northeast China and that coinfection with other pathogens is a common occurrence; the predominant CPV epidemic strains were the new CPV-2a, and CPV-2c has shown significant growth trends since 2010. This mini-review will provide valuable information for CPV infections across China and other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Donghua Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Dongbo Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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14
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Charoenkul K, Janetanakit T, Chaiyawong S, Bunpapong N, Boonyapisitsopa S, Tangwangvivat R, Amonsin A. First detection and genetic characterization of canine Kobuvirus in domestic dogs in Thailand. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:254. [PMID: 31324182 PMCID: PMC6642606 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1994-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canine Kobuvirus (CaKoV) has been detected both in healthy and diarrheic dogs and in asymptomatic wild carnivores. In this study, we conducted a survey of CaKoV at small animal hospitals in Bangkok and vicinity of Thailand during September 2016 to September 2018. Results Three hundred and seven rectal swab samples were collected from healthy dogs (n = 55) and dogs with gastroenteritis symptoms (n = 252). Of 307 swab samples tested by using one-step RT-PCR specific to 3D gene, we found CaKoV positivity at 17.59% (54/307). CaKoVs could be detected in both sick (19.44%) and healthy (9.09%) animals. In relation to age group, CaKoV could be frequently detected in younger dogs (25.45%). Our result showed no seasonal pattern of CaKoV infection in domestic dogs. In this study, we characterized CaKoVs by whole genome sequencing (n = 4) or 3D and VP1 gene sequencing (n = 8). Genetic and phylogenetic analyses showed that whole genomes of Thai CaKoVs were closely related to Chinese CaKoVs with highest 99.5% amino acid identity suggesting possible origin of CaKoVs in Thailand. Conclusions In conclusion, this study was the first to report the detection and genetic characteristics of CaKoVs in domestic dogs in Thailand. CaKoVs could be detected in both sick and healthy dogs. The virus is frequently detected in younger dogs. Thai CaKoVs were genetically closely related and grouped with Chinese CaKoVs. Our result raises the concerns to vet practitioners that diarrhea in dogs due to canine Kobuvirus infection should not be ignored. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-019-1994-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonpan Charoenkul
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Taveesak Janetanakit
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Supassama Chaiyawong
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Napawan Bunpapong
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supanat Boonyapisitsopa
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Ratanaporn Tangwangvivat
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Alongkorn Amonsin
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. .,Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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15
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Miyabe FM, Ribeiro J, Alfieri AF, Alfieri AA. Detection of canine kobuvirus RNA in diarrheic fecal samples of dogs with parvoviruses. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:871-874. [PMID: 31140097 PMCID: PMC6863268 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine kobuvirus (CaKV) is a member of the Picornaviridae family and the Kobuvirus genus. CaKV was first described in fecal samples from diarrheic dogs in the USA in 2011, with subsequent reports in the UK, Italy, South Korea, China, Tanzania, and Japan. CaKV is frequently identified in feces of animals with or without clinical signs of gastroenteritis. The present study investigated the presence of CaKV in fecal samples from 53 diarrheic dogs from Londrina, southern Brazil. Using a RT-PCR assay, CaKV RNA was identified in three dogs, resulting in an overall occurrence rate of 5.7%. In addition, coinfection with canine parvovirus subtype 2b was detected in all CaKV-positive diarrheic fecal samples. Using a phylogenetic analysis based on the VP1 gene sequence, the Brazilian CaKV field strains were found to be very similar to a previously identified CaKV strain from Brazil that was found in the tissue of a puppy and were also found to be clustered with other CaKV strains detected worldwide and other kobuvirus strains identified in mouse, feline, and human hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Megumi Miyabe
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil.,Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Juliane Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil.,Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Alice Fernandes Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil.,Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil. .,Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil.
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16
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Moreno PS, Wagner J, Kirkwood CD, Gilkerson JR, Mansfield CS. Characterization of the fecal virome in dogs with chronic enteropathy. Vet Microbiol 2018; 221:38-43. [PMID: 29981706 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The fecal virome has been investigated in humans and various animal species using next generation sequencing. However, limited information is available about the fecal virome of dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE). We aimed to characterize the canine fecal virome of dogs with CE and compare it with the virome of previously analyzed healthy dogs.A total of 16 adult dogs; 8 healthy dogs (data from a parallel study) and 8 dogs with CE had fecal samples assessed by viral shotgun sequencing. Fecal samples were subjected to enrichment of viral nucleic acids prior to sequencing and metagenomic analyses. Characterization of the complete genome of a canine kobuvirus was performed by Sanger sequencing. An additional 21 healthy dogs and 14 dogs with CE were further analyzed for the prevalence of canine kobuvirus.Three fecal samples from dogs with CE contained in total 3 eukaryotic viral families. In contrast, 4/8 fecal samples previously identified from healthy dogs, contained 5 eukaryotic viral families with 2 families exclusive to this group. Bacteriophages were identified in all fecal samples from CE and healthy dogs. Canine kobuvirus was identified in one dog with CE, by shotgun sequencing, and the complete genome was then characterized. This kobuvirus was classified within canine kobuvirus group, being similar to strains from Korea and China. The larger prevalence study did not detect additional samples positive for canine kobuvirus. The fecal virome of dogs with CE differs in number and type of viral families from healthy dogs. The first Australian canine kobuvirus sequence was identified and characterized from a dog with CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma S Moreno
- Enteric Viruses Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, VIC, Australia; Translational Research and Animal Clinical Trial Study (TRACTS) group, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Josef Wagner
- Enteric Viruses Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, VIC, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carl D Kirkwood
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James R Gilkerson
- Centre for Equine Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Caroline S Mansfield
- Translational Research and Animal Clinical Trial Study (TRACTS) group, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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17
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Li C, Guo D, Wu R, Kong F, Zhai J, Yuan D, Sun D. Molecular surveillance of canine distemper virus in diarrhoetic puppies in northeast China from May 2014 to April 2015. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1029-1033. [PMID: 29695673 PMCID: PMC6021885 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To trace the prevalence of canine distemper virus (CDV) in diarrhoetic dogs, a total of
201 stool samples were collected in the Heilongjiang province of northeastern China from
May 2014 to April 2015. The 201 fecal samples were subjected to the detection of CDV by
using RT-PCR targeting the partial N gene, phylogenetic analysis based on
the complete H gene, and co-infection analysis. Results indicated that
24.88% (50/201) of the samples were positive for CDV. The fifty CDV samples exhibited an
overall co-infection rate of 94% (47/50) with four enteric viruses (82%, 41/50) and five
bacteria (72%, 36/50). The positivity rate of CDV exhibited differences among regions,
seasons, ages and immunization status. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete
H genes (n=6) revealed that the CDV strains identified in our study
belonged to the Asia-1 group, and showed genetic diversities. These data provide evidence
that there are a number of genetically diverse CDV Asia-1 strains circulating in
diarrhoetic dogs in northeastern China; the CDV-affected animals exhibit the high
co-infection with other enteric viruses and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiu Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Donghua Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Fanzhi Kong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Junjun Zhai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Dongwei Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Dongbo Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
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18
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Caddy SL. New viruses associated with canine gastroenteritis. Vet J 2018; 232:57-64. [PMID: 29428093 PMCID: PMC7110870 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A number of novel viruses have been associated with canine gastroenteritis in recent years, from viral families as diverse as Caliciviridae and Picornaviridae to Parvoviridae and Circoviridae. The ability of many of these viruses to cause disease is uncertain, but epidemiological studies are continually adding to our knowledge of these potential pathogens. This review presents a summary of the latest research and current understanding of novel viruses associated with canine gastroenteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Caddy
- Magdalene College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
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19
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Liu D, Liu F, Guo D, Hu X, Li Z, Li Z, Ma J, Liu C. One-step triplex PCR/RT-PCR to detect canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus and canine kobuvirus. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 81:1040-1042. [PMID: 29367517 PMCID: PMC6656820 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To rapidly distinguish Canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV), and canine kobuvirus (CaKoV) in practice, a one-step multiplex PCR/RT-PCR assay was developed, with detection
limits of 102.1 TCID50 for CDV, 101.9 TCID50 for CPV and 103 copies for CaKoV. This method did not amplify nonspecific DNA or RNA from
other canine viruses. Therefore, the assay provides a sensitive tool for the rapid clinical detection and epidemiological surveillance of CDV, CPV and CaKoV in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafei Liu
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.,State Key Lab of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150069, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Shanghai Hile Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Dongchun Guo
- State Key Lab of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150069, China
| | - Xiaoliang Hu
- State Key Lab of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150069, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- State Key Lab of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150069, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Wendengying Veterinary Station, Weihai, Shandong 264413, China
| | - Jianzhang Ma
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Chunguo Liu
- State Key Lab of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150069, China
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20
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Prevalence and genomic characteristics of canine kobuvirus in southwest China. Arch Virol 2017; 163:459-466. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3648-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Melegari I, Sarchese V, Di Profio F, Robetto S, Carella E, Bermudez Sanchez S, Orusa R, Martella V, Marsilio F, Di Martino B. First molecular identification of kobuviruses in wolves (Canis lupus) in Italy. Arch Virol 2017; 163:509-513. [PMID: 29101539 PMCID: PMC7086812 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3637-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Canine kobuviruses (CaKoVs) were first identified in diarrhoeic and asymptomatic dogs in 2011 in the USA. Subsequent studies have demonstrated a worldwide distribution of these viruses, but it is not clear if CaKoVs play a role as enteric pathogens of dogs. More recently, CaKoV RNA has been detected in wild carnivores, including red fox, golden jackal, side-striped jackal and spotted hyena. In this study, we addressed the hypothesis that wolves are susceptible to CaKoV infections. A total of 185 wolf stool samples were collected from necropsied animals and from transects in the Liguria, Piemonte and Valle D'Aosta regions of Italy, and CaKoV RNA was identified in two of these specimens. Both samples were obtained from necropsied wolves, with a prevalence rate of 4.9% (2/41). Sequence analysis of the full-length VP1 region showed that these strains displayed the highest nucleotide (nt) sequence identity (86.3-98.5%) to canine strains identified in the UK and Africa, and to kobuviruses that were previously detected in other African wild carnivores. This suggests that genetically related CaKoV strains circulate in domestic and wild carnivores, with interspecies transmission being not uncommon among carnivores of different ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Melegari
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro, 45, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sarchese
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro, 45, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Di Profio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro, 45, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Serena Robetto
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Malattie degli Animali Selvatici (CeRMAS), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, della Liguria e della Valle d'Aosta, Aosta, Italy
| | - Emanuele Carella
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Malattie degli Animali Selvatici (CeRMAS), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, della Liguria e della Valle d'Aosta, Aosta, Italy
| | - Sandra Bermudez Sanchez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro, 45, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Orusa
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Malattie degli Animali Selvatici (CeRMAS), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, della Liguria e della Valle d'Aosta, Aosta, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Fulvio Marsilio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro, 45, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Martino
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro, 45, 64100, Teramo, Italy.
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22
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Extra-intestinal detection of canine kobuvirus in a puppy from Southern Brazil. Arch Virol 2016; 162:867-872. [PMID: 27888408 PMCID: PMC7086620 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-3164-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the pathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings associated with the extra-intestinal detection of canine kobuvirus (CaKV) in a 5-month-old Chihuahua puppy, that had a clinical history of bloody-tinged feces. Principal pathological findings were interstitial pneumonia, necrotizing bronchitis, and parvovirus-induced enteritis. Molecular diagnostic methods identified CaKV within the cerebellum, cerebrum, lung, tonsil, and liver. CaKV and rotavirus were not identified within the feces and intestine. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays detected antigens of CDV and CAdV-1 in the lungs. These results confirmed the extra-intestinal detection of CaKV in this puppy and represent the first extra-intestinal detection of CaKV in a dog.
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23
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Guo D, Wang Z, Yao S, Li C, Geng Y, Wang E, Zhao X, Su M, Wei S, Wang X, Feng L, Chang YF, Sun D. Epidemiological investigation reveals genetic diversity and high co-infection rate of canine bocavirus strains circulating in Heilongjiang province, Northeast China. Res Vet Sci 2016; 106:7-13. [PMID: 27234529 PMCID: PMC7111776 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
To trace evolution of CBoV in Northeast China, 201 fecal samples from rectal swabs of diarrheic dogs collected from May 2014 to April 2015 were investigated using PCR targeting partial NS1 gene (440 bp). Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of the identified CBoV strains was conducted using nucleotide sequences of the partial NS1 gene. The results indicated that 15 of 201 fecal samples (7.5%) were positive for CBoV; the partial NS1 genes of the 15 CBoV strains exhibited 83.1%–100% nucleotide identity, and 75.8%–100% amino acid identity; the entire VP2 gene of five selected CBoV strains exhibited 82.9%–96.8% nucleotide identity, and 90.4%–99.1% amino acid identity. The 15 CBoV strains exhibited high co-infection rates with CPV-2 (40%), CCoV (20%), and CaKV (26.67%). Phylogenetic analysis of the partial NS1 gene revealed that the 15 CBoV strains were divided into different subgroups of CBoV-2 when compared with CBoV-2 strains from South Korea, USA, Germany, and Hong Kong in China. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis of the VP2 gene indicated that five selected CBoV strains were divided into three different genetic groups of CBoV-2, involving in CBoV-2HK group, CBoV-2C group, and CBoV-2B group. The recombination analysis using the entire VP2 gene revealed three potential recombination events that occurred among five selected strains in our study. These data demonstrated that the CBoV strains circulating in Heilongjiang province, Northeast China showed genetic diversities, potential recombination events, and high co-infection rate. Further studies will be required to address the potential pathogenic role of these diverse CBoV strains. Canine bocavirus (CBoV) exhibits high prevalence in Northeast China from 2.8% to 20%. We revealed high co-infection of CBoV with canine parvovirus-2, canine coronavirus, and canine kobuvirus. The CBoV strains circulating in Northeast China show multiple genetic groups. Potential recombination events occur among the CBoV strains circulating in Northeast China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghua Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Shuang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Chunqiu Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Yufei Geng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Enyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Xiwen Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Mingjun Su
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Shan Wei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Li Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 427 Maduan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yung-Fu Chang
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Dongbo Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China.
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Wang X, Li C, Guo D, Wang X, Wei S, Geng Y, Wang E, Wang Z, Zhao X, Su M, Liu Q, Zhang S, Feng L, Sun D. Co-Circulation of Canine Coronavirus I and IIa/b with High Prevalence and Genetic Diversity in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146975. [PMID: 26771312 PMCID: PMC4714894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To trace the evolution of canine coronavirus (CCoV), 201 stool samples from diarrheic dogs in northeast China were subjected to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCRs) targeting the partial M and S genes of CCoV, followed by an epidemiological analysis. M gene RT-PCRs showed that 28.36% (57/201) of the samples were positive for CCoV; of the 57 positive samples, CCoV-I and CCoV-II accounted for 15.79% (9/57) and 84.21% (48/57), respectively. A sequence comparison of the partial M gene revealed nucleotide homologies of 88.4%-100% among the 57 CCoV strains, and 88.7%-96.2% identity between the 57 CCoV strains and the Chinese reference strain HF3. The CCoV-I and CCoV-II strains exhibited genetic diversity when compared with reference strains from China and other countries. The 57 CCoV strains exhibited high co-infection rates with canine kobuvirus (CaKV) (33.33%) and canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) (31.58%). The CCoV prevalence in diarrheic dogs differed significantly with immunization status, regions, seasons, and ages. Moreover, 28 S genes were amplified from the 57 CCoV-positive samples, including 26 CCoV-IIa strains, one CCoV-IIb strain, and one CCoV-I strain. A sequence comparison of the partial S gene revealed 86.3%-100% nucleotide identity among the 26 CCoV-IIa strains, and 89.6%-92.2% identity between the 26 CCoV-IIa strains and the Chinese reference strain V1. The 26 CCoV-IIa strains showed genetic diversity when compared with reference strains from China and other countries. Our data provide evidence that CCoV-I, CCoV-IIa, and CCoV-IIb strains co-circulate in the diarrhoetic dogs in northeast China, high co-infection rates with CaKV and CPV-2 were observed, and the CCoV-II strains exhibited high prevalence and genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Chunqiu Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Donghua Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Shan Wei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Geng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Enyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Xiwen Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Su
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Qiujin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Siyao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Li Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 427 Maduan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
| | - Dongbo Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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