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Justin P, Dorard G, Leu A, Untas A. Young carers supporting a relative with cancer: What is the healthcare professionals' knowledge in France? An exploratory study. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2024; 70:102567. [PMID: 38531294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2024.102567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many children and adolescents support relatives with cancer. However, literature about young carers (YCs) shows a lack of awareness among professionals, especially in oncology. This quantitative study aims to explore the level of knowledge and perceptions of healthcare professionals working with cancer patients about the situations and characteristics of YCs. METHODS 395 professionals participated in an online survey. Professionals reported sociodemographic and professional information and answered several questions evaluating their perceptions about YCs, such as the types of support provided and the consequences of being a YC. Descriptive analysis and group comparisons (Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests) by sex, occupation, and patients treated (adult and/or pediatric) are performed on the data collected. RESULTS Overall, per the literature on YCs, professionals provide an adequate description of what a YC can be, even though one in two professionals have never heard the term. Several differences are observed: Men mention fewer types of support that YCs can provide, while women report more negative consequences of being a YC; psychologists and social workers report fewer positive impacts for these young people than the other professionals; professionals who work with pediatric patients mention fewer negative consequences than those who work with adults. CONCLUSION Oncology healthcare professionals have sufficient awareness of YCs; however, several professionals struggle to fully understand the situation of YCs. These findings underline the need for awareness programs in oncology to improve health professionals' understanding of YCs and enhance their identification and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Justin
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, F-92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France; Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Géraldine Dorard
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, F-92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Agnes Leu
- University of Basel, Medical Faculty, Institute for Biomedical Ethics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie Untas
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, F-92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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2
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Tom J, Thomas EK, Sooraj A, Uthaman SP, Tharayil HM, S L A, Radhakrishnan C. Need for social work interventions in the emergency department. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2023; 62:302-319. [PMID: 37523327 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2023.2238017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports findings from a qualitative study conducted on the Need for Social work interventions in the Emergency Department (ED) at a large tertiary care center in India. The emergency department is an important social work intervention point for individuals with various psychiatric, medical, and social needs who have little or no additional interaction with social services. Social workers are specially trained to understand the impact of social factors on health outcomes and provide interventions that address social barriers to improving health and accessing community resources; social workers are well prepared to provide services in the emergency department. However, limited research is available to understand the impact of psychosocial services in the emergency department. We aimed to identify areas which require integrated social work services and coordination to address the psychosocial issues within the ED. Interviews with 10 healthcare workers are analyzed thematically. Recurring themes throughout the interviews confirm the need for providing social work interventions to ensure the medical, psychological, and social care needs in the emergency department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jobin Tom
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Institute of Mental Health Neurosciences, Kozhikode, India
| | - Elizabeth K Thomas
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Institute of Mental Health Neurosciences, Kozhikode, India
| | - A Sooraj
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Government of Medical College, Kozhikode, India
| | - Seema P Uthaman
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Institute of Mental Health Neurosciences, Kozhikode, India
| | - Harish M Tharayil
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Institute of Mental Health Neurosciences, Kozhikode, India
| | - Akhil S L
- Department of Psychiatry, Government of Medical College, Thrissur, India
- Emergency Medicine, Government Medical College, Kozhikode
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3
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Coordinating illness and insurance trajectories: Evidence from a post-acute care unit. Soc Sci Med 2022; 308:115213. [PMID: 35870300 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This article examines how healthcare practitioners incorporate patients' insurance coverage and financial situation into their professional judgment. It does so by introducing the concept of an "insurance trajectory" that healthcare workers must coordinate with their medical management of illness and recovery. Drawing on 15 months of ethnography and 16 in-depth interviews at a post-acute care unit in New York City, this article argues that providers engage in anticipation work to align the tempo of recovery with the timeline of insurance coverage, in order to maximize revenue for the organization and minimize costs for patients. It identifies three modalities of anticipation work from intake to discharge: the creation of roadmaps on which illness and insurance trajectories intersect to predict an ideal discharge date, the synchronization of trajectories to avoid denials of coverage during rehabilitation, and the projection of futures to prevent illness and insurance trajectories from decoupling once patients are discharged. These findings expand our understanding of the effects of managed care on healthcare workers' practices and decision-making.
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4
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Tan HQM, Chin YH, Ng CH, Liow Y, Devi MK, Khoo CM, Goh LH. Multidisciplinary team approach to diabetes. An outlook on providers' and patients' perspectives. Prim Care Diabetes 2020; 14:545-551. [PMID: 32591227 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND This study sought to uncover the perspectives of various stakeholders towards multidisciplinary team (MDT) care, discover new understandings and help inform current practice on MDT care for diabetic patients. METHODS 5 electronic databases were searched for articles that evaluated patients' and providers' perspectives on type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) MDT management. Articles retrieved were sieved, coded and findings were analytically themed together in accordance to Thomas and Harden methodology. RESULTS 15 articles were identified with three common themes: interactions between healthcare providers, benefits to patients and constraints and facilitators of the healthcare system. Trust and synergistic teamwork are important factors in promoting effective care. Patients commended MDT's improved accessibility and convenience and felt more welcomed. Often plagued by poor support, lack of manpower and resources, MDTs are less efficient and incapable of realizing their full potential. CONCLUSION This review illustrates that the MDT model does improve diabetes treatment outcome, help prevent or reduce complications. Nevertheless, the MDT model can be a double-edged sword as poor interactions between HCPs can hamper quality patient care. The current MDT model is also based on available resources of the health system. More effort is needed to modify the MDT model to meet the changing needs of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon Qin Marcus Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yip Han Chin
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Cheng Han Ng
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yiyang Liow
- Division of Family Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - M Kamala Devi
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Chin Meng Khoo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Lay Hoon Goh
- Division of Family Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
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5
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Kelly PL, Heyman JC, Tice-Brown D, White-Ryan L. Interprofessional practice: Social work students' perspectives on collaboration. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2020; 59:108-121. [PMID: 32004136 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2020.1719565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As the value of interprofessional practice becomes increasingly recognized, it is critical to educate social work students so that they understand the importance of interprofessional practice, and the role that social workers play. The objective of this research was to understand social work students' experiences, attitudes, and perspectives toward interprofessional practice. A cross-sectional, non-probability convenience sample was used (N = 125), with data collected from students in a large school of social work in New York State in order to understand their experiences in the field and classroom. Results of a linear regression showed that overall, students had positive perspectives on interprofessional collaboration, with one of the strongest predictors being students' positive attitudes toward interprofessional practice. The results also point to students having limited experience in working in interprofessional teams and exposure to training, either on the job or in the classroom. To help students gain more experience and training, fieldwork opportunities in interprofessional practice can be expanded, and more courses can be offered, particularly collaborating with other academic disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy L Kelly
- Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, West Harrison, New York, USA
| | - Janna C Heyman
- Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, West Harrison, New York, USA
| | - Derek Tice-Brown
- Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University - Lincoln Center Campus, New York, New York, USA
| | - Linda White-Ryan
- Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, West Harrison, New York, USA
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Muskat B, Craig SL, Mathai B. Complex families, the social determinants of health and psychosocial interventions: Deconstruction of a day in the life of hospital social workers. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2017; 56:765-778. [PMID: 28696836 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2017.1339761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The roles of hospital social workers are delineated in the literature; however, their daily interventions have only been described anecdotally. This study analyzes the daily work of social workers in a pediatric hospital through a survey completed which examined factors related to interventions utilized and time spent per case over a 1-day period. Length and types of interventions were associated with the social determinants of health, time since diagnosis, biopsychosocial issues, and perception of complexity. The study offers a snapshot of the personalized expertise, provided by social workers that addresses complex contextual and biopsychosocial concerns of patient and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Muskat
- a Department of Social Work , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Shelley L Craig
- b Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Biju Mathai
- c Acute Care of the Elderly Unit and Inpatient Mental Health, Rehabilitation Social Worker Queensway Carleton Hospital , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada
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7
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Baum N, Kum Y, Shalit H, Tal M. Inequalities in a National Health Care System From the Perspective of Social Workers in Israel. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2017; 27:855-865. [PMID: 27179017 DOI: 10.1177/1049732316648668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study explores social workers' perceptions of inequalities in Israel's national health care system. Unlike previous studies, which relied on patients' and practitioners' reports, it is based on interviews with 60 social workers in hospitals and ambulatory clinics. The findings show that although Israeli law provides for (almost) free, universal medical care, the treatment of persons lacking in money, education, and social affiliation may be compromised by difficulties in paying for medications, treatments, and travel to and from hospital; by difficulties in understanding doctors' instructions; and by reluctance to ask questions. Most doctors tend to focus exclusively on patients' medical needs, seem to lack sympathy with less educated patients, have little understanding of the life circumstances that impinge on their compliance, and make little effort to speak to them in the language they can understand. Practical suggestions are made with regard to the need to turn doctors' attention to their patients' non-medical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yishay Kum
- 2 Meuhedet Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Malka Tal
- 4 Ministry of Health, Tel Aviv, Israel
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8
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Atwal A. A World Apart: How Occupational Therapists, Nurses and Care Managers Perceive Each other in Acute Health Care. Br J Occup Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/030802260206501003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Multidisciplinary teamwork is one of the key processes through which care is managed in the British National Health Service. Working in a multidisciplinary team requires many skills, which include understanding not only one's own role but also that of other professionals. The aim of this paper is to provide an understanding of occupational therapists', nurses' and care managers' perceptions of each other and how these influence interprofessional relationships. In total, nine occupational therapists, nine care managers and 19 nurses within an acute physical health care setting were interviewed using the critical incident approach. The findings revealed that the interprofessional relationships between nurses, care managers and occupational therapists were often problematic owing to role confusion and competing priorities, which influenced communication. To prevent role ambiguity, occupational therapists must define their role clearly. It is suggested that multidisciplinary team members need continuing interprofessional education in order to understand the changing roles in the National Health Service.
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Baum N, Shalit H, Kum Y, Tal M. Social workers' role in tempering inequality in healthcare in hospitals and clinics: a study in Israel. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2016; 24:605-613. [PMID: 25810328 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents an empirical examination of the role social workers play in tempering inequality in medical care. Data were collected in 2011 through face-to-face, semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 60 social workers employed in hospitals and clinics in Israel and selected through purposive sampling. The interviews probed the social workers' perceptions of the scope, causes and manifestations of inequality in health and healthcare and the actions they took to ameliorate it. The interviews were analysed using grounded theory. The findings show that all the social workers were acutely aware of the inequalities in their places of work, regarded reducing the inequalities as a major part of their role and made efforts to do so. They facilitated communication between doctors and patients of low socioeconomic status and advocated for such patients with medical staff and administration, as well as with the country's medical and social welfare bureaucracies. The paper details the means they used and the challenges they faced. The study highlights the important role that social workers play in reducing inequality in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehami Baum
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hani Shalit
- Social Work Services, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yishay Kum
- Social Work Services, Meuhedit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Malka Tal
- National Social Work Services, Ministry of Health, Tel Aviv, Israel
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10
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Kobayashi R, McAllister CA. Hospice Core Professions' Views on Interdisciplinary Teams: A Qualitative Investigation. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WORK IN END-OF-LIFE & PALLIATIVE CARE 2016; 12:214-230. [PMID: 27462950 DOI: 10.1080/15524256.2016.1201565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The hospice interdisciplinary team (IDT) has been recognized as an ideal model for interprofessional collaboration. To address the manner in which interdisciplinary practices are perceived by team members, this study explored profession-based similarities and differences in perceptions among the four core hospice IDT members (physicians, nurses, social workers, and spiritual care providers) as well as experiences on the IDT. Semistructured interviews with 20 hospice professionals, 5 from each profession, were completed. Findings suggested that while hospice professions share some perceptions and experiences about hospice team membership, strengths of and barriers to teamwork, and individual members' contribution to the team, significant profession-based differences exist largely in the area of hospice team membership beyond the core members, type of language and descriptions used, perceptions of causes and effects of barriers to teamwork, and understandings of how team effectiveness is evaluated. Changes at the team-based, organizational, policy, and educational levels are needed to further maximize strengths of individual hospice IDT member and team qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Kobayashi
- a School of Social Work , Eastern Washington University , Cheney , Washington , USA
| | - Carolyn A McAllister
- b School of Social Work , California State University , San Bernardino , California , USA
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11
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Murty SA, Sanders S, Stensland M. End-of-life care as a field of practice in the social work curriculum. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WORK IN END-OF-LIFE & PALLIATIVE CARE 2015; 11:11-26. [PMID: 25869145 DOI: 10.1080/15524256.2015.1021071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Attention to end-of-life care in social work education and practice is growing. With funding from the Project on Death in America, in 2001, the University of Iowa, School of Social Work developed and implemented an End-of-Life Field of Practice. Unlike a concentration, a Field of Practice is a set of integrated courses focused on one specific area of focus. This article describes the Field of Practice, the community-based partnerships, and the curriculum that serves as a basis for training the students enrolled in this area. Strategies for other social work programs interested in developing a similar Field of Practice or specialty area in their MSW curricula are provided. These include faculty committed to the content area, comprehensive course offerings to encompass all aspects of end-of-life care, and field sites willing to help train students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Alsop Murty
- a School of Social Work , University of Iowa , Iowa City , Iowa , USA
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12
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Itzhaky H, Zanbar L. In the front line: the impact of specialist training for hospital physicians in children at risk on their collaboration with social workers. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2014; 53:617-639. [PMID: 25133297 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2014.921267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Until recently, dealing with children at risk in Israeli hospitals was almost exclusively the domain of medical social workers. Suspected cases of abuse or neglect must be identified in real-time, during the child's short stay in the hospital, and the decision of whether or not to report the case, and to whom (law enforcement or welfare authorities), must be made. The recognition that effective treatment also demands the involvement of physicians led to the development of an intensive training program for hospital-pediatricians. The current study, based on in-depth interviews with the doctors who participated in the program and the social workers who work with them at 14 hospitals in Israel, examined the impact of the training on cooperation between the two groups, seeking to determine whether the doctors' increased familiarity with the social work profession enhanced team-work. Phenomenological analysis of the interviews revealed several themes, indicating greater collaboration between the doctors and social workers. However, the participants also noted increased friction between the two groups. Possible explanations and practical recommendations for enhancing the potential effectiveness of such collaborations are offered. The study has implications for designing similar training programs as well as for improving the dynamics between the two professions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haya Itzhaky
- a School of Social Work , Bar Ilan University , Ramat Gan , Israel
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13
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Lynch S. Social workers in pediatric primary care: communication, gender, and scope of practice. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2014; 53:115-134. [PMID: 24483332 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2013.851141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
While many child mental health issues manifest themselves in primary care, few pediatricians have received mental health training, and their communication with social workers may be limited due to unfamiliarity with mental health professions. The purpose of this study was to use ethnographic interviews to investigate factors affecting communication satisfaction between social workers and pediatricians. The study found that scope of practice issues were a communication barrier. This barrier is significant because health reform may lead social workers and pediatricians to collaborate more frequently in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Lynch
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Florida , Jacksonville , Florida , USA
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14
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Maramaldi P, Sobran A, Scheck L, Cusato N, Lee I, White E, Cadet TJ. Interdisciplinary medical social work: a working taxonomy. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2014; 53:532-551. [PMID: 25050659 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2014.905817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Findings from a year-long exploratory study aimed at describing universal functions of medical social work with interdisciplinary teams in acute care settings are reported here. A universal taxonomy of interdisciplinary social work skills and competencies was empirically identified through a participatory action research framework. Findings support previous conceptual descriptions of medical social work's overarching and historical role to help interdisciplinary teams in acute care to consider patients' home environment, knowledge, beliefs, culture, and resources during assessment, treatment, and discharge planning. The empirically determined taxonomy reported is intended to provide social workers a framework with which to articulate and evaluate their core competencies on interdisciplinary medical teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Maramaldi
- a Simmons College School of Social Work, Harvard School of Dental Medicine , Harvard School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
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15
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Kobayashi R, McAllister CA. Similarities and Differences in Perspectives on Interdisciplinary Collaboration Among Hospice Team Members. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2013; 31:825-32. [DOI: 10.1177/1049909113503706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study surveyed 4 core hospice professionals (physicians, nurses, social workers, and chaplains) on their perceived level of interdisciplinary collaboration, the influences of interdisciplinary collaboration, and job satisfaction to determine potential similarities and differences based on profession and various demographic characteristics of the members or member hospices. Analysis found that there are overall no differences based on demographic characteristics. Differences between professions, while few, were largely in the area of perceptions on relationships between members of the hospice team. Specifically, social workers appear to perceive themselves as less connected to the other members of the interdisciplinary team, an area theorized to influence interdisciplinary collaboration. Difference between professions was also found in job satisfaction. Implications for hospice practice and interdisciplinary education are discussed.
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16
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Craig SL, Muskat B. Bouncers, brokers, and glue: the self-described roles of social workers in urban hospitals. HEALTH & SOCIAL WORK 2013; 38:7-16. [PMID: 23539892 DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hls064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Social workers delivering services in health care settings face unique challenges and opportunities. The purpose of this study was to solicit input from social workers employed in urban hospitals about their perceptions of the roles, contribution, and professional functioning of social work in a rapidly changing health care environment. Using qualitative methods, the university and hospital-based research team conducted seven focus groups (n = 65) at urban hospitals and analyzed the data using an interpretive framework with ATLAS.ti software. Seven major themes emerged from the participants' description of their roles: bouncer, janitor, glue, broker, firefighter, juggler, and challenger. Along with descriptions of the ways social workers fulfilled those roles, participants articulated differences in status within those roles, the increasing complexity of discharge planning, and expectations to provide secondary support to other health care professionals on their teams. Implications for practice and research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley L Craig
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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17
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Lynch S, Franke T. Communicating with pediatricians: developing social work practice in primary care. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2013; 52:397-416. [PMID: 23581840 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2012.750257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
While social work models of interdisciplinary collaboration suggest that communication is important, the research literature on social worker-physician collaboration infrequently considers work with pediatricians or practice outside the hospital setting. A cross-sectional survey was sent to a stratified random sample of social workers to assess their communication satisfaction with pediatricians. The study found that social workers in health settings were more satisfied than those in mental health settings. The implications of this finding for the development of colocated, collaborative care models are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Lynch
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida 32209, USA.
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18
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Craig SL, Bejan R, Muskat B. Making the invisible visible: are health social workers addressing the social determinants of health? SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2013; 52:311-331. [PMID: 23581836 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2013.764379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the ways in which health social workers (HSW) address the social determinants of health (SDH) within their social work practice. Social workers (n = 54) employed at major hospitals across Toronto had many years of practice in health care (M = 11 years; SD = 10.32) and indicated that SDH were a top priority in their daily work; with 98% intentionally intervening with at least one and 91% attending to three or more. Health care services were most often addressed (92%), followed by housing (72%), disability (79%), income (72%), and employment security (70%). Few HSW were tackling racism, Aboriginal status, gender, or social exclusion in their daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley L Craig
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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19
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Bentur N, Resnizky S. Challenges and achievements in the development of spiritual-care training and implementation in Israel. Palliat Med 2010; 24:771-6. [PMID: 20847089 DOI: 10.1177/0269216310380490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, pioneering spiritual-care training programs and services have been developed in Israel. This paper examines the implementation of the training programs and the challenge of integrating program graduates in the healthcare services. The information was collected through in-depth interviews with 12 students and graduates and the directors of the three training programs. All the interviews were transcribed in full and analyzed using qualitative study methods. The interviewees emphasized the importance of practical experience, although many of them encountered some degree of antagonism during their training or placement. Continuation of personal counseling and supervision after the conclusion of the program is also essential. Some were worried that they would not find work or were concerned about negotiations with potential employers. Evidently, the implementation of spiritual-care education must continue apace and careful consideration be given to optimizing its acceptance by the establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Netta Bentur
- Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, Center for Research on Aging, Israel.
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Abstract
PURPOSE The study aims to explore the meaning of interdisciplinary collaboration within the context of health care. ORGANIZING FRAMEWORK Rodgers' Evolutionary View of Concept Analysis was employed to identify attributes, antecedents, and consequences of interdisciplinary collaboration. METHODS Utilizing an inductive approach, a systematic review of the literature was undertaken in August 2007 to clarify the current use of interdisciplinary collaboration in health care. FINDINGS Interdisciplinary collaboration is commonly described using the terms problem-focused process, sharing, and working together. The elements that must be in place before interdisciplinary collaboration can be successful are interprofessional education, role awareness, interpersonal relationship skills, deliberate action, and support. Consequences of interdisciplinary collaboration are beneficial for the patient, the organization, and the healthcare provider. CONCLUSIONS A comprehensive definition of interdisciplinary collaboration within the context of health care is presented as an outcome of this analysis. It is recommended that further inquiry in this area focus on the development of valid measures to accurately evaluate interdisciplinary collaboration in health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Petri
- Washington Hospital Center, Georgetown University, NW, Washington, DC, USA.
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21
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Chan EA, Chi SPM, Ching S, Lam SK. Interprofessional education: the interface of nursing and social work. J Clin Nurs 2010; 19:168-76. [PMID: 20500255 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.02854.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the influence of interdisciplinary seminars on undergraduate nursing and social work students' perceptions of their learning. BACKGROUND Collaboration is considered to be important for health professionals in working towards good patient care, and interdisciplinary education is seen as one way of addressing this need for greater collaboration and team work. Today's health professionals are dealing with an increasing number of older and chronically ill patients. The biopsychosocial dimensions inherent in such chronic illnesses bring about a closer working relationship between the nursing and social work professions to foster good patient care. No local research in Hong Kong, however, has looked specifically at how these two professions can develop their collaborative skills and qualities through interdisciplinary education. DESIGN Mixed methods design. METHOD Data from questionnaires, videotape recordings of the sessions and follow-up phone interviews were used for quantitative and qualitative analyses. RESULTS The findings revealed three themes: an increased awareness of each other's professional values and personal judgement, a recognition of each other's disciplinary knowledge emphases and more, and an appreciation for, and learning about each other's roles for future collaboration. CONCLUSIONS Whilst, it is usual to identify health professionals as non-judgemental, it is also important to recognise the existence of their personal and professional values and beliefs that shape their decision-making. Equally beneficial for students is their reported understanding of the other discipline's emphasis on the physical or social aspects of care, and the interrelationships and complementary values that lead to students' appreciation of each other's roles and the possibility for their future collaboration in the holistic care of patients. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The sharing of each other's knowledge and their appreciation of the corresponding roles enhanced students' decision-making capacity and the extension of the holistic approach beyond one profession, which is essential for good patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engle Angela Chan
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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22
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Nuttman-Shwartz O, Scheyer R, Tzioni H. Medical clowning: even adults deserve a dream. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2010; 49:581-598. [PMID: 20640968 DOI: 10.1080/00981380903520475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The article examines the significance of the integration of medical clowns as an intervention strategy with adult outpatients suffering from chronic illnesses. The study is based on content analysis of the documentation of the work of two medical clowns over two years. The dominant theme involves the definition of the clown's role and includes perspectives on his integration into the hospital's multidisciplinary medical staff and his impact on the staff and on patients and their families. The finding is discussed in light of the dual role of the medical social worker as coordinator and as a case manager, and the challenge of integrating medical clowns in treatment of adult patients. There is room for further exploration of the contribution of medical clowns to assisting and improving the quality of life for patients and hospital staff.
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23
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Keefe B, Geron SM, Enguidanos S. Integrating social workers into primary care: physician and nurse perceptions of roles, benefits, and challenges. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2009; 48:579-96. [PMID: 19860293 DOI: 10.1080/00981380902765592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The primary aim of this article is to identify, from the perspective of primary care physicians and nurses, the challenges encountered in provision of health care to older adults and to identify potential roles, challenges, and benefits of integrating social workers into primary care teams. As more older adults live longer with multiple chronic conditions, primary care has been confronted with complex psychosocial problems that interact with medical problems pointing to a potential role for a social worker. From a policy perspective, the lack of strong evidence documenting the benefits that will accrue to patients and providers is a key barrier preventing the wider use of social workers in primary care. This article presents findings from three focus groups with primary care physicians and nurses to examine the perspectives of these key providers about the benefits and challenges of integrating social workers into the primary care team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn Keefe
- Institute for Geriatric Social Work, School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
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24
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Multidisciplinary Practice Experience of Nursing Faculty and Their Collaborators for Primary Health Care in Korea. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2008; 2:25-34. [DOI: 10.1016/s1976-1317(08)60026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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25
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Mizrahi T, Rizzo VM. Perspectives on the roles and value of social work practice in neighborhood health centers and implications for the reimbursement of services. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2008; 23:99-125. [PMID: 19301546 DOI: 10.1080/19371910802059668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the delivery of primary care services to underserved populations. This paper presents a subset of data from a larger exploratory study that examined how three professional groups (social workers, physicians, and administrators) in neighborhood health centers perceived the type and extent of psychosocial problems in their patient populations and the roles of their staff in addressing these problems. We examined the perceptions of physicians, administrators, and social workers as to who handles various psychosocial problems and whose responsibility it is to perform a range of psychosocial functions, with a focus on the function of social work. Social workers were highly praised and valued by administrators and physicians. While the respondents in neighborhood health centers confirmed the value of social work, public and private funders are reluctant to reimburse for social services beyond limited clinically diagnosed mental health services. Outcomes studies focused on the efficacy and efficiency of social work practice in neighborhood health centers are necessary to begin to overcome this barrier to social work services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Mizrahi
- Hunter College of Social Work, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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26
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Solheim K, McElmurry BJ, Kim MJ. Multidisciplinary teamwork in US primary health care. Soc Sci Med 2007; 65:622-34. [PMID: 17462802 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Primary health care (PHC) is a systems perspective for examining the provision of essential health care for all. A multidisciplinary collaborative approach to health care delivery is associated with effective delivery and care providers' enrichment. Yet data regarding multidisciplinary practice within PHC are limited. The purpose of this exploratory qualitative descriptive study was to better understand team-based PHC practice in the US. Aims included (a) describing nursing faculty involvement in PHC, (b) analyzing ways that multidisciplinary work was enacted, and (c) recommending strategies for multidisciplinary PHC practice. After institutional review board (IRB) protocol approval, data collection occurred by: (a) surveying faculty/staff in a Midwestern nursing college (N=94) about their PHC practice, and (b) interviewing a purposive sample of nursing faculty/staff identified with PHC (n=10) and their health professional collaborators (n=10). Survey results (28% return rate) were summarized, interview notes were transcribed, and a systematic process of content analysis applied. Study findings show team practice is valued because health issues are complex, requiring different types of expertise; and because teams foster comprehensive care and improved resource use. Mission, membership attributes, and leadership influence teamwork. Though PHC is not a common term, nurses and their collaborators readily associated their practice with a PHC ethos. PHC practice requires understanding community complexity and engaging with community, family, and individual viewpoints. Though supports exist for PHC in the US, participants identified discord between their view of population needs and the health care system. The following interpretations arise from this study: PHC does not explicitly frame health care activity in the US, though some practitioners are committed to its ethics; and, teamwork within PHC is associated with better health care and rewarding professional experience. Nurses integrate PHC in multiple roles and are experts at aspects of PHC teamwork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Solheim
- The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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27
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Ammerman DJ, Watters J, Clinch JJ, Hébert PC, Wilson KG, Morris DB, Fergusson D. Exploring quality of life for patients undergoing major surgery: The perspectives of surgeons, other healthcare professionals, and patients. Surgery 2007; 141:100-9. [PMID: 17188174 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2006.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2006] [Revised: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgeons, other healthcare professionals, and patients may identify different health-related concerns related to the quality of life of patients undergoing major surgery. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with surgeons (n =14), other healthcare professionals (n =19), and patients undergoing major elective surgery (n = 52). Themes were extracted by content analysis and organized into major domains. The frequencies with which specific themes were mentioned were compared among groups. RESULTS A total of 85 themes were extracted from the interviews, 15 of which were mentioned by 50% or more of participants in each group, representing 5 of the 6 domains. The greatest differences were observed in the domains of social well-being, wherein 5 themes were mentioned less often by surgeons than other groups, and spiritual well-being, wherein 2 themes were mentioned more often by patients than other groups. Differences in the physical, emotional, cognitive preparation, and concern about quality of care domains were minimal. CONCLUSIONS Surgeons, other healthcare professionals, and patients identified many similar concerns related to the well-being of patients undergoing major surgery. However, the importance of social and spiritual themes to patients may be underestimated by surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy J Ammerman
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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28
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Lewis LK. Chapter 5: Collaborative Interaction: Review of Communication Scholarship and a Research Agenda. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1207/s15567419cy3001_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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29
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Joubert L. Academic--practice partnerships in practice research: A cultural shift for health social workers. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2006; 43:151-61. [PMID: 16956858 DOI: 10.1300/j010v43n02_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Academic practice partnerships in practice research support health social workers in engaging in research that is embedded within their practice. This shift in culture enables social workers to join in a health service discourse that is increasingly data -driven and focused on effective practice and demonstrated quality of care for patients. The mentoring model is described as enabling practitioners to superimpose research skills onto existing practice skills. An academic practice research collaboration can reduce the distance between research and practice, contribute to a body of knowledge for health social work and promote health social workers as 'research focused practitioners'.
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30
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Baez A, Eckert-Norton M, Morrison A. Knowing how and showing how: interdisciplinary collaboration on substance abuse skill OSCEs for medical, nursing and social work students. Subst Abus 2005; 25:33-7. [PMID: 16150679 DOI: 10.1300/j465v25n03_05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annecy Baez
- Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Blvd West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
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31
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Gamita MT, Atwal A. Spanish social workers' views of mental health services. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2005. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2005.12.6.18275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
There has been limited research in Spain examining the specialist roles carried out by social workers since the introduction of mental health reforms. The aim of this research was to identify specific work activities of community mental health social workers in Spain (Catalonia) and to ascertain their perceptions of their role. A postal survey of 140 (response rate 31%) social workers working in the Centres de Salut Mental was used. The findings from the survey suggest that social workers in Spain have a strong role in supporting families. While interprofessional working was considered to be important, social workers did not collaborate closely with occupational therapists, GPs and psychiatrists. It is suggested that social workers in Spain may wish to explore shared learning as a means of promoting interprofessional collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Trias Gamita
- School of Health and Social Care, Brunel University, Isleworth, Middlesex TW7 5DU, UK
| | - Anita Atwal
- School of Health and Social Care, Brunel University, Isleworth, Middlesex TW7 5DU, UK
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32
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Kitchen A, Brook J. Social work at the heart of the medical team. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2005; 40:1-18. [PMID: 15911501 DOI: 10.1300/j010v40n04_01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes one model of hospital social work delivery services that places social work in a facilitative role within the medical team, and describes a pilot project designed to evaluate these services. Social work's role in this teaching hospital setting was tailored to provide patients and medical staff access to social work services upon admission, rather than at the time of discharge. This change places social work at the pivotal juncture to improve medical care and addresses the social, cultural and environmental concerns as they surface during patient stay. Unique to this demonstration model is the added advantage of placing the social worker at the hub of the physician-led medical team. Medical students, residents, and attending physicians all learn, observe, and experience the advantages social workers bring to the process. Educating medical students on teams with social workers bodes well for the profession. The authors summarize the program design, results and implications for social work practice in a teaching hospital setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Kitchen
- Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, University of Kansas School of Social Welfare, KS, USA
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33
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Flaherty E, Hyer K, Kane R, Wilson N, Whitelaw N, Fulmer T. Using case studies to evaluate students' ability to develop a geriatric interdisciplinary care plan. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2003; 24:63-74. [PMID: 15871931 DOI: 10.1300/j021v24n02_06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The Geriatric Interdisciplinary Team Training (GITT) program, an educational intervention funded by The John A. Hartford Foundation of New York City, has trained more than 1800 health care professions students and clinicians throughout the United States. Evaluating the effectiveness of this training intervention has proven to be quite a challenge. Core measures were collected pre- and post-GITT training to evaluate student development as a result of GITT. This paper focuses on one of these core measures, the Test of Geriatric Interdisciplinary Care Planning (TGICP). This instrument, developed for the GITT program, is one mechanism created to test trainees' ability to develop an interdisciplinary plan of care. Using a case study methodology, this two-part instrument provides an innovative approach to quantifying and correlating responses from an interdisciplinary cohort of students. This paper will describe the development of the TGICP, including the creation and validation of the case studies, the framework for the questionnaire, and the coding and scoring mechanism created to evaluate trainee responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Flaherty
- Geriatric Nurse Practioner/Adult Nurse Practioner Program, New York University, NY 10003, USA
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34
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Waldman HB, Perlman SP. Collaboration between social workers and dentists for care of people with special health needs (a commentary). SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2003; 37:101-107. [PMID: 12959488 DOI: 10.1300/j010v37n02_05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The difficulties faced by individuals with mental retardation, developmental and other disabilities in securing dental services are reviewed. The need for social workers to stimulate family members and other health care providers to collaborate with and challenge dental practitioners is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Barry Waldman
- Department of General Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, SUNY at Stony Brook, NY 11794-8706, USA.
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