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Saito K, Toyoda H, Okada M, Oh JS, Nakazawa K, Ban Y, Orita K, Shimatani A, Yao H, Shirafuji T, Nakamura H. Fracture healing on non-union fracture model promoted by non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298086. [PMID: 38626076 PMCID: PMC11020618 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma (NTAPP) is attracting widespread interest for use in medical applications. The tissue repair capacity of NTAPP has been reported in various fields; however, little is known about its effect on fracture healing. Non-union or delayed union after a fracture is a clinical challenge. In this study, we aimed to investigate how NTAPP irradiation promotes fracture healing in a non-union fracture model and its underlying mechanism, in vitro and in vivo. For the in vivo study, we created normal and non-union fracture models in LEW/SsNSlc rats to investigate the effects of NTAPP. To create a fracture, a transverse osteotomy was performed in the middle of the femoral shaft. To induce the non-union fracture model, the periosteum surrounding the fracture site was cauterized after a normal fracture model was created. The normal fracture model showed no significant difference in bone healing between the control and NTAPP-treated groups. The non-union fracture model demonstrated that the NTAPP-treated group showed consistent improvement in fracture healing. Histological and biomechanical assessments confirmed the fracture healing. The in vitro study using pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells demonstrated that NTAPP irradiation under specific conditions did not reduce cell proliferation but did enhance osteoblastic differentiation. Overall, these results suggest that NTAPP is a novel approach to the treatment of bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Saito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Toyoda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Okada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun-Seok Oh
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Nakazawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ban
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kumi Orita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Shimatani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hana Yao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuru Shirafuji
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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Kim KY, Oh M, Kim M. Treatment of a Large Tibial Non-Union Bone Defect in a Cat Using Xenograft with Canine-Derived Cancellous Bone, Demineralized Bone Matrix, and Autograft. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:690. [PMID: 38473075 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A 17-month-old domestic short-hair cat was referred due to a non-union in the left tibia. The initial repair, conducted 3 months prior at another animal hospital, involved an intramedullary (IM) pin and wire to address a comminuted fracture. Unfortunately, the wire knot caused a skin tract, resulting in osteomyelitis. Although the wire knot was removed at that hospital, the draining tract persisted, continuously discharging exudate. Upon evaluation, the first surgery was reassessed and revised, involving the removal of the IM pin and the application of external skeletal fixation alongside an antibiotic susceptibility test. After 118 days post-revision surgery, while some cortical continuity was observed, a significant bone defect persisted, posing a substantial risk of refracture should the implant be removed. A second revision surgery was performed, utilizing a bone plate combined with cancellous bone autograft, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2, and xenograft featuring a canine-derived cancellous chip mixed with demineralized bone matrix. Remarkably, the bone completed its healing within 105 days following the subsequent surgery. Radiography demonstrated successful management of the large bone defect up to the 2-year postoperative check-up. During telephone follow-ups for 3.5 years after surgery, no complications were identified, and the subject maintained a favorable gait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun-Yung Kim
- Fatima Animal Medical Center, Daegu 41216, Republic of Korea
| | - Minha Oh
- Veteregen, Hanam 12930, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Kim
- Keunmaum Animal Medical Center, Busan 48096, Republic of Korea
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Tong YW, Chen ACY, Lei KF. Analysis of Cellular Crosstalk and Molecular Signal between Periosteum-Derived Precursor Cells and Peripheral Cells During Bone Healing Process Using a Paper-Based Osteogenesis-On-A-Chip Platform. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:49051-49059. [PMID: 37846857 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Periosteum-derived progenitor cells (PDPCs) are highly promising cell sources that are indispensable in the bone healing process. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are physiologically close to periosteum tissue and release multiple growth factors to promote the bone healing process. Co-culturing PDPCs and ADSCs can construct periosteum-bone tissue microenvironments for the study of cellular crosstalk and molecular signal in the bone healing process. In the current work, a paper-based osteogenesis-on-a-chip platform was successfully developed to provide an in vitro three-dimensional coculture model. The platform was a paper substrate sandwiched between PDPC-hydrogel and ADSC-hydrogel suspensions. Cell secretion could be transferred through the paper substrate from one side to another side. Growth factors including BMP2, TGF-β, POSTN, Wnt proteins, PDGFA, and VEGFA were directly analyzed by a paper-based immunoassay. Cellular crosstalk was studied by protein expression on the paper substrate. Moreover, osteogenesis of PDPCs was investigated by examining the mRNA expressions of PDPCs after culture. Neutralizing and competitive assays were conducted to understand the correlation between growth factors secreted from ADSCs and the osteogenesis of PDPCs. In vitro periosteum-bone tissue microenvironment was established by the paper-based osteogenesis-on-a-chip platform. The proposed approach provides a promising assay of cellular crosstalk and molecular signal in 3D coculture microenvironment that may potentially lead to the development of effective bone regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wen Tong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
| | - Alvin Chao-Yu Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
- Bone and Joint Research Center and Comprehensive Sports Medicine Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
| | - Kin Fong Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Li Y, Xu C, Lei C. The Delivery and Activation of Growth Factors Using Nanomaterials for Bone Repair. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15031017. [PMID: 36986877 PMCID: PMC10052849 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15031017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a comprehensive process that involves different stages, and various growth factors (GFs) play crucial roles in the entire process. GFs are currently widely used in clinical settings to promote bone repair; however, the direct application of GFs is often limited by their fast degradation and short local residual time. Additionally, GFs are expensive, and their use may carry risks of ectopic osteogenesis and potential tumor formation. Nanomaterials have recently shown great promise in delivering GFs for bone regeneration, as they can protect fragile GFs and control their release. Moreover, functional nanomaterials can directly activate endogenous GFs, modulating the regeneration process. This review provides a summary of the latest advances in using nanomaterials to deliver exogenous GFs and activate endogenous GFs to promote bone regeneration. We also discuss the potential for synergistic applications of nanomaterials and GFs in bone regeneration, along with the challenges and future directions that need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Chang Lei
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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Magdziarz S, Boguń M, Frączyk J. Coating Methods of Carbon Nonwovens with Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid and Its Conjugates with BMP Fragments. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061551. [PMID: 36987331 PMCID: PMC10054264 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The cross-linking of polysaccharides is a universal approach to affect their structure and physical properties. Both physical and chemical methods are used for this purpose. Although chemical cross-linking provides good thermal and mechanical stability for the final products, the compounds used as stabilizers can affect the integrity of the cross-linked substances or have toxic properties that limit the applicability of the final products. These risks might be mitigated by using physically cross-linked gels. In the present study, we attempted to obtain hybrid materials based on carbon nonwovens with a layer of cross-linked hyaluronan and peptides that are fragments of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). A variety of cross-linking procedures and cross-linking agents (1,4-butanediamine, citric acid, and BDDE) were tested to find the most optimal method to coat the hydrophobic carbon nonwovens with a hydrophilic hyaluronic acid (HA) layer. Both the use of hyaluronic acid chemically modified with BMP fragments and a physical modification approach (layer-by-layer method) were proposed. The obtained hybrid materials were tested with the spectrometric (MALDI-TOF MS) and spectroscopic methods (IR and 1H-NMR). It was found that the chemical cross-linking of polysaccharides is an effective method for the deposition of a polar active substance on the surface of a hydrophobic carbon nonwoven fabric and that the final material is highly biocompatible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Magdziarz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Boguń
- Łukasiewicz-Lodz Institute of Technology, Sklodowskiej-Curie 19/27, 90-570 Lodz, Poland
| | - Justyna Frączyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
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Ranjan R, Kumar R, Jeyaraman M, Arora A, Kumar S, Nallakumarasamy A. Autologous platelet-rich plasma in the delayed union of long bone fractures - A quasi experimental study. J Orthop 2023; 36:76-81. [PMID: 36620095 PMCID: PMC9817092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fractures of long bones unite without any complication except for 2%-10% which may lead to delayed or non-union of the fracture. Management of delayed union of fractures poses a great challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous blood-derived biological agent, which delivers growth factors, cytokines, and bio-micro molecules at supraphysiologic concentrations at the site of tissue injury, thus potentiating the body's healing efforts. Various studies and research have proved the osteogenic activity of PRP. The growth factors present in the PRP induce the locally available resilient progenitor or stem cells and convert the atrophic environment into a trophic environment. Materials and methods We investigated the safety and efficacy of autologous PRP injection in the delayed union of long bone fractures. A total of 25 cases of delayed union of long bone fractures were augmented with 3 doses of autologous PRP at 3 weekly intervals and were followed up for 12 months. All the cases were documented with pre-and post-procedural and 12th -month visual analog score (VAS) and Warden's score. Results Out of 25 cases, 21 (84.00%) cases showed good union of fracture with adequate callus formation by 10-12 weeks with 3 doses of autologous PRP injections. The mean pre-procedural VAS and Warden's score at the final follow-up showed statistically significant results (p < 0.05). No other complications were noted due to autologous PRP application among the study participants during the study period except for 3 cases (2 cases of non-union, and 1 case of implant failure). Conclusion Results of the current study suggest that autologous injection of PRP might be a safe and effective therapeutic tool for the management of delayed union of long bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Ranjan
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arunabh Arora
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Park-Min KH, Lorenzo J. Osteoclasts: Other functions. Bone 2022; 165:116576. [PMID: 36195243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are the only cells that can efficiently resorb bone. They do so by sealing themselves on to bone and removing the mineral and organic components. Osteoclasts are essential for bone homeostasis and are involved in the development of diseases associated with decreased bone mass, like osteoporosis, or abnormal bone turnover, like Paget's disease of bone. In addition, compromise of their development or resorbing machinery is pathogenic in multiple types of osteopetrosis. However, osteoclasts also have functions other than bone resorption. Like cells of the innate immune system, they are derived from myeloid precursors and retain multiple immune cell properties. In addition, there is now strong evidence that osteoclasts regulate osteoblasts through a process known as coupling, which coordinates rates of bone resorption and bone formation during bone remodeling. In this article we review the non-resorbing functions of osteoclasts and highlight their importance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hyun Park-Min
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Joseph Lorenzo
- The Departments of Medicine and Orthopaedics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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Injectable Thermosensitive Chitosan-Collagen Hydrogel as A Delivery System for Marine Polysaccharide Fucoidan. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060402. [PMID: 35736205 PMCID: PMC9229026 DOI: 10.3390/md20060402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoidans, sulfated polysaccharides from brown algae, possess multiple bioactivities in regard to osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and inflammation, all representing key molecular processes for successful bone regeneration. To utilize fucoidans in regenerative medicine, a delivery system is needed which temporarily immobilizes the polysaccharide at the injured site. Hydrogels have become increasingly interesting biomaterials for the support of bone regeneration. Their structural resemblance with the extracellular matrix, their flexible shape, and capacity to deliver bioactive compounds or stem cells into the affected tissue make them promising materials for the support of healing processes. Especially injectable hydrogels stand out due to their minimal invasive application. In the current study, we developed an injectable thermosensitive hydrogel for the delivery of fucoidan based on chitosan, collagen, and β-glycerophosphate (β-GP). Physicochemical parameters such as gelation time, gelation temperature, swelling capacity, pH, and internal microstructure were studied. Further, human bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and human outgrowth endothelial cells (OEC) were cultured on top (2D) or inside the hydrogels (3D) to assess the biocompatibility. We found that the sol-gel transition occurred after approximately 1 min at 37 °C. Fucoidan integration into the hydrogel had no or only a minor impact on the mentioned physicochemical parameters compared to hydrogels which did not contain fucoidan. Release assays showed that 60% and 80% of the fucoidan was released from the hydrogel after two and six days, respectively. The hydrogel was biocompatible with MSC and OEC with a limitation for OEC encapsulation. This study demonstrates the potential of thermosensitive chitosan-collagen hydrogels as a delivery system for fucoidan and MSC for the use in regenerative medicine.
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Bychkov A, Koptev V, Zaharova V, Reshetnikova P, Trofimova E, Bychkova E, Podgorbunskikh E, Lomovsky O. Experimental Testing of the Action of Vitamin D and Silicon Chelates in Bone Fracture Healing and Bone Turnover in Mice and Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14101992. [PMID: 35631133 PMCID: PMC9147437 DOI: 10.3390/nu14101992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents findings on the biological action of an integrated supplement containing the following components involved in osteogenesis and mineralization: vitamin D and silicon in the bioavailable and soluble form. A hypothesis that these components potentiate one another’s action and make calcium absorption by the body more efficient was tested. Biological tests of the effect of vitamin D and silicon chelates on bone fracture healing and bone turnover were conducted using ICR mice and albino Wistar rats. Radiographic and biochemical studies show that the supplement simultaneously containing silicon chelates and vitamin D stimulates bone tissue regeneration upon mechanical defects and accelerates differentiation of osteogenic cells, regeneration of spongy and compact bones, and restoration of bone structure due to activation of osteoblast performance. Bone structure restoration was accompanied by less damage to skeletal bones, apparently due to better absorption of calcium from food. The studied supplement has a similar effect when used to manage physiologically induced decalcification, thus holding potential for the treatment of osteomalacia during pregnancy or occupational diseases (e.g., for managing bone decalcification in astronauts).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey Bychkov
- Scientific Department, Moscow State University of Food Production, 11 Volokolamskoe Hwy., 125080 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Mechanochemistry, Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 18 Kutateladze, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.T.); (E.P.); (O.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vyacheslav Koptev
- Laboratory of Young Animal Diseases, Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agro-Biotechnologies RAS, 2b Centralnaya, 630501 Novosibirsk, Russia; (V.K.); (V.Z.)
| | - Varvara Zaharova
- Laboratory of Young Animal Diseases, Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agro-Biotechnologies RAS, 2b Centralnaya, 630501 Novosibirsk, Russia; (V.K.); (V.Z.)
| | - Polina Reshetnikova
- Department of Business, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 20 Prospekt K. Marksa, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (P.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Elena Trofimova
- Laboratory of Mechanochemistry, Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 18 Kutateladze, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.T.); (E.P.); (O.L.)
| | - Elena Bychkova
- Department of Business, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 20 Prospekt K. Marksa, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (P.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Ekaterina Podgorbunskikh
- Laboratory of Mechanochemistry, Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 18 Kutateladze, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.T.); (E.P.); (O.L.)
| | - Oleg Lomovsky
- Laboratory of Mechanochemistry, Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 18 Kutateladze, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.T.); (E.P.); (O.L.)
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Incidence of Patellar Desmopathy in the Modified Maquet Technique with and without PRGF. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9040180. [PMID: 35448678 PMCID: PMC9024526 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9040180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Patellar desmopathy can lead to desmitis, discomfort, and lameness. In the traditional MMT, a pin is used for the fixation of the fragment of the osteotomized tibia to the implant and the tibial diaphysis; this pin needs to be placed below the insertion of the patellar ligament to avoid damaging it. Considering the differences between TTA and MMT, the authors consider it important to determine the incidence of patellar desmopathy in the MMT. This is a prospective study that enrolled 53 owned dogs that underwent MMT and were followed up by a complete examination and radiograph controls to establish the patellar tendon thickening and the presence of clinical desmitis. The PRGF were administrated to 29 of those patients, in order to determine if PRGF’s action could decrease ligament desmitis. The conclusions in this study were that the desmopathy produced by the MMT is similar to that generated by the TTA if the pin is carefully placed; in addition, the PRGF did not decrease the inflammation and the thickening of the ligament.
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Valiño-Cultelli V, Varela-López Ó, González-Cantalapiedra A. Does PRGF Work? A Prospective Clinical Study in Dogs with A Novel Polylactic Acid Scaffold Injected with PRGF Using the Modified Maquet Technique. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082404. [PMID: 34438861 PMCID: PMC8388684 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary PRGF is a concentration of autologous platelets in a small volume of plasma, which is performed in a specific way and is an accessible resource in veterinary medicine. The PRGF has multiple demonstrated properties as antimicrobial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory but their osteoinductivity potential is controversial. We decided to use PRGF in combination with a PLA bioresorbable scaffold (a specific type of implant with osteoconduction properties) performed by 3D printing, and personalized for each patient, to determinate if the PRGF can produce osteoinduction and as a result, a faster bone healing and a faster patient recovery. Furthermore, in this study PLA scaffolds are proposed as an alternative for metallic implants to avoid the problems that those can cause. The MMT was the technique selected for solving the RCrCL as it is a variant of TTA that follows the same principle for the correction of the patellar tendon angle to neutralize distractive forces; however, this technique needs a lower amount of metallic implants for the scaffold fixation. Abstract Tibial tuberosity advancement is a surgical technique to restore the dynamical stability in the knee by advancing the insertion of the patellar ligament, for which it is necessary to advance the tibial crest, being maintained in the desired position usually by a cage and metallic implants. The purpose of this study was to replace the cage with a polylactic acid biodegradable scaffold designed for each patient by 3D printing, inserting platelet-rich in growth factors (PRGF) to demonstrate its osteoinductive properties. To this end, we used the modified Maquet technique to reduce the amount of metal to a minimum. Fifty-three dogs finished the study. The control and PRGF groups did not present any statistically significant differences in terms of ossification degree (p > 0.001) but they demonstrated satisfactory ossification compared to previous publications, although in the PRGF group three of the scaffolds suffered complete reabsorption. The PRGF and control groups did not show any statistically significant differences in terms of lameness degree (p > 0.001). However, the PRGF group showed at the first control some analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties but they were not enough for reducing the functional recovery time in a significant way. The PRGF group did not show any complications or negative results associated with their use.
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Does Needle Design Affect the Regenerative Potential of Bone Marrow Aspirate? An In Vitro Study. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080748. [PMID: 34440491 PMCID: PMC8401947 DOI: 10.3390/life11080748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While autologous bone is still the gold standard for treatment of bone defects, its availability is limited. Sufficient numbers of mesenchymal stroma cells (MSC) may be an alternative. Small volumes of bone marrow aspirate (BMA) were harvested with two different needle systems comparing the yield and regenerative potency of the MSCs. BMA (10 mL) was aspirated from the posterior iliac crest of 12 patients with degenerative spinal disc disease using both needle systems in each patient: the Jamshidi needle (JAM) and on the contralateral side the Marrow Cellution® Needle (AMC). Number of mononuclear cells (MNCs) and regeneration capacity (colony-forming unit/CFU) were determined. MSCs were characterized for surface markers and their differentiation into trilineages. There was no significant difference between the two harvesting needles regarding the quantity of MNCs in BMA: 5.2 ± 1.8 × 109 MNC/mL for AMC vs. 4.8 ± 2.5 × 109 MNC/mL for JAM, p = 0.182. The quantity of CFUs per ml BMA was similar for both groups: 3717 ± 5556 for AMC and 4305 ± 5507 for JAM (p = 0.695). The potency of MSCs expressed as colony-forming potential per 106 MNC resulted in 0.98 ± 1.51 for AMC and 1.00 ± 0.96 for JAM (p = 0.666). Regardless of the needle design, 10 mL bone marrow aspirate contains a sufficient number of about 40,000 MSCs that can be used to enhance bone healing.
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Van Lieshout EMM, Den Hartog D. Effect of platelet-rich plasma on fracture healing. Injury 2021; 52 Suppl 2:S58-S66. [PMID: 33431160 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Bone has the ability to completely regenerate under normal healing conditions. Although fractures generally heal uneventfully, healing problems such as delayed union or nonunion still occur in approximately 10% of patients. Optimal healing potential involves an interplay of biomechanical and biological factors. Orthopedic implants are commonly used for providing the necessary biomechanical support. In situations where the biological factors that are needed for fracture healing are deemed inadequate, additional biological enhancement is needed. With platelets being packed with granules that contain growth factors and other proteins that have osteoinductive capacity, local application of platelet concentrates, also called platelet-rich plasma (PRP) seems an attractive biological to enhance fracture healing. This review shows an overview of the use PRP and its effect in enhancing fracture healing. PRP is extracted from the patient's own blood, supporting that its use is considered safe. Although PRP showed effective in some studies, other studies showed controversial results. Conflicts in the literature may be explained by the absence of consensus about the preparation of PRP, differences in platelet counts, low number of patients, and absence of a standard application technique. More studies addressing these issues are needed in order to determine the true effect of PRP on fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther M M Van Lieshout
- Trauma Research Unit Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Dennis Den Hartog
- Trauma Research Unit Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic caused by the newly emerged strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has had phenomenally casted its impact on the health-care systems globally. The rampant spread of contagiosity has challenged the solidarity of the medical fraternity of the developed and developing world. The rising turmoil enforces to trudge with stoicism and expresses the need for planning because of subjugating the prevailing conditions with judicial channelization of available resources. In many developed and developing countries, the resources such as appropriate equipment as well as personnel have been extended to combat the pandemic substantially. At the same time, the populous country such as India has taken a stand to cancel electively planned orthopedic surgeries. However, under the issued guidelines of apex authorities, trauma and emergency services had have been in continuity with a reorganized manner. Hereby, we discuss the present shift in paradigm in the field of orthopedics with an interplay of regenerative orthopedics and telemedicine and its pivotal role against the odds of the COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, we see over the future perspectives and challenges in the purview of resorting to an effective clinical practice in orthopedics specialty. Albeit these guidelines expound strategies to manage trauma and orthopedic cases amidst pandemics but the subsequent post-COVID-19 phase warrants explicable vision and planning. Indeed, resuming elective orthopedics surgical intervention in post-phase of pandemic shall definitively be a task invoking fundamental planning, especially in a resource-limited background. With the rollout of vaccines in the country, the scenario is in favor of returning to normalcy with evaluation for COVID-19 being added to the list of routine medical and surgical screening profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhan Jeyaraman
- Indian Orthopaedic Research Group (IORG). Thane. Maharashtra. India
- Research Associate, Orthopedic Reseach Group, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Address of Correspondence: Dr. Madhan Jeyaraman, Indian Orthopaedic Research Group (IORG), Thane, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Indian Orthopaedic Research Group (IORG). Thane. Maharashtra. India
- Research Associate, Orthopedic Reseach Group, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashok Shyam
- Indian Orthopaedic Research Group (IORG). Thane. Maharashtra. India
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15
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Chaves LH, Giovanini AF, Zielak JC, Scariot R, Gonzaga CC, Storrer CLM, Khajotia SS, Esteban Florez FL, Deliberador TM. Growth hormone effects on healing efficacy, bone resorption and renal morphology of rats: histological and histometric study in rat calvaria. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05226. [PMID: 33102851 PMCID: PMC7575886 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous reports demonstrated the utility of systemic application of growth hormone (GH) in the treatment of bone defects. Very few studies correlated bone repair efficacy with hepatic and renal side effects promoted by locally-delivered GH. The objectives of this study were to assess the bone repair properties along with hepatic and renal adverse effects promoted by local application of GH in a rat model. Thirty-two rats were randomly divided (4 groups; n = 8/group), as follows: (i) AB (autogenous bone + local application of saline solution [SS]), (ii) AB+ (autogenous bone + SS local application + SS irrigation), (iii) AB/GH+ (autogenous bone + SS local application + GH irrigation) and (iv) AB/GHL+ (autogenous bone + GH local application + GH irrigation). Critical-sized defects (diameter = 5.0 mm) were surgically created by a single operator in the calvaria of rats. Defects were filled with ground autogenous bone. Defects pertaining to AB+ and AB/GH+ received a mixture of autogenous bone and a SS-saturated (0.02 mL) collagen sponge covered with bovine cortical membrane. Defects in group AB/GHL+, were filled with the same biomaterials saturated with GH (0.02 mL). SS (0.1 mL) or GH (0.1 mL, equivalent to 0.4 IU) were applied locally on alternate days (8 weeks) in animals in groups AB, AB+ and AB/GH+ or AB/GHL+, respectively. Bone repair properties was determined in hematoxylin/eosin-stained slices using traditional histologic and histomorphometric techniques along with optical microscopy and digital image analysis. Statistical differences among groups was determined using Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey post hoc tests (α = 0.05). Histology results indicated that AB and AB+ displayed greater presence of autogenous bone as compared to AB/GH+ and AB/GHL+. Histomorphometric results indicated significantly higher osteoid matrix formation in AB and AB+ when compared to AB/GHL+ (p = 0.009). Kidneys and livers were found to have their glomeruli preserved in AB and AB+. Strong glomeruli necrosis and large areas of protein deposition were found in AB/GH+. Abnormal small-sized glomeruli were found in AB/GHL+. The utilization of autogenous bone graft associated with local application and irrigation with GH was shown to not improve the bone repair in calvarial critical-sized defects in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Henrique Chaves
- School of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Rua Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza 5300, Curitiba, Paraná 81280-330, Brazil
| | - Allan Fernando Giovanini
- School of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Rua Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza 5300, Curitiba, Paraná 81280-330, Brazil
| | - Joao Cesar Zielak
- School of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Rua Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza 5300, Curitiba, Paraná 81280-330, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Scariot
- School of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Rua Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza 5300, Curitiba, Paraná 81280-330, Brazil
| | - Carla Castiglia Gonzaga
- School of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Rua Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza 5300, Curitiba, Paraná 81280-330, Brazil
| | - Carmen Lucia Mueller Storrer
- School of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Rua Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza 5300, Curitiba, Paraná 81280-330, Brazil
| | - Sharukh Soli Khajotia
- Department of Restorative Sciences Division of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1201 N. Stonewall Ave., Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73117, USA
| | - Fernando Luis Esteban Florez
- Department of Restorative Sciences Division of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1201 N. Stonewall Ave., Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73117, USA
| | - Tatiana Miranda Deliberador
- School of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Rua Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza 5300, Curitiba, Paraná 81280-330, Brazil
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16
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Calabrese G, Petralia S, Fabbi C, Forte S, Franco D, Guglielmino S, Esposito E, Cuzzocrea S, Traina F, Conoci S. Au, Pd and maghemite nanofunctionalized hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone regeneration. Regen Biomater 2020; 7:461-469. [PMID: 33149935 PMCID: PMC7597806 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology plays a key role in the development of innovative scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (BTE) allowing the incorporation of nanomaterials able to improve cell proliferation and differentiation. In this study, Mg-HA-Coll type I scaffolds (Mg-HA-based scaffolds) were nanofunctionalized with gold nanorods (Au NRs), palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) and maghemite nanoparticles (MAG NPs). Nanofunctionalized Mg-HA-based scaffolds (NF-HA-Ss) were tested for their ability to promote both the proliferation and the differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs). Results clearly highlight that MAG nanofunctionalization substantially improves cell proliferation up to 70% compared with the control (Mg-HA-based scaffold), whereas both Au NRs and Pd NPs nanofunctionalization induce a cell growth inhibition of 94% and 89%, respectively. Similar evidences were found for the osteoinductive properties showing relevant calcium deposits (25% higher than the control) for MAG nanofunctionalization, while a decreasing of cell differentiation (20% lower than the control) for both Au NRs and Pd NPs derivatization. These results are in agreement with previous studies that found cytotoxic effects for both Pd NPs and Au NRs. The excellent improvement of both osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity of the MAG NF-HA-S could be attributed to the high intrinsic magnetic field of superparamagnetic MAG NPs. These findings may pave the way for the development of innovative nanostructured scaffolds for BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Calabrese
- Department of Chemistry Biology Pharmacy and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti, 1, 98122 Messina, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Petralia
- Research and Development, Applied Chemical Works, Paternò, Catania, Italy
| | - Claudia Fabbi
- Department of Chemical Science, Fin-Ceramica Faenza, Via Granarolo 177/3, Faenza 48018, Italy
| | - Stefano Forte
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo Ricerca, Viagrande, Catania 95029, Italy
| | - Domenico Franco
- Department of Chemistry Biology Pharmacy and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti, 1, 98122 Messina, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Guglielmino
- Department of Chemistry Biology Pharmacy and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti, 1, 98122 Messina, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemistry Biology Pharmacy and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti, 1, 98122 Messina, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemistry Biology Pharmacy and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti, 1, 98122 Messina, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Francesco Traina
- Dipartimento Biomorf, Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy.,Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, IRCSS, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Conoci
- Department of Chemistry Biology Pharmacy and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti, 1, 98122 Messina, Sicilia, Italy.,Distretto Tecnologico Micro e Nano Sistemi Sicilia, Catania, Italy
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17
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Zhang H, Zhang Y, Terajima M, Romanowicz G, Liu Y, Omi M, Bigelow E, Joiner DM, Waldorff EI, Zhu P, Raghavan M, Lynch M, Kamiya N, Zhang R, Jepsen KJ, Goldstein S, Morris MD, Yamauchi M, Kohn DH, Mishina Y. Loss of BMP signaling mediated by BMPR1A in osteoblasts leads to differential bone phenotypes in mice depending on anatomical location of the bones. Bone 2020; 137:115402. [PMID: 32360900 PMCID: PMC7354232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in osteoblasts plays critical roles in skeletal development and bone homeostasis. Our previous studies showed loss of function of BMPR1A, one of the type 1 receptors for BMPs, in osteoblasts results in increased trabecular bone mass in long bones due to an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption. Decreased bone resorption was associated with an increased mature-to-immature collagen cross-link ratio and mineral-matrix ratios in the trabecular compartments, and increased tissue-level biomechanical properties. Here, we investigated the bone mass, bone composition and biomechanical properties of ribs and spines in the same genetically altered mouse line to compare outcomes by loss of BMPR1A functions in bones from different anatomic sites and developmental origins. Bone mass was significantly increased in both cortical and trabecular compartments of ribs with minimal to modest changes in compositions. While tissue-levels of biomechanical properties were not changed between control and mutant animals, whole bone levels of biomechanical properties were significantly increased in association with increased bone mass in the mutant ribs. For spines, mutant bones showed increased bone mass in both cortical and trabecular compartments with an increase of mineral content. These results emphasize the differential role of BMP signaling in osteoblasts in bones depending on their anatomical locations, functional loading requirements and developmental origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Yanshuai Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Masahiko Terajima
- School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, NC, USA
| | - Genevieve Romanowicz
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Yangjia Liu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, MI, USA; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Maiko Omi
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Erin Bigelow
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Danese M Joiner
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Erik I Waldorff
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Peizhi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Literature, Science and the Arts, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Mekhala Raghavan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Literature, Science and the Arts, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Michelle Lynch
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Nobuhiro Kamiya
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, MI, USA; Tenri University, Nara, Japan
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Karl J Jepsen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Steve Goldstein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Michael D Morris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Literature, Science and the Arts, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Mitsuo Yamauchi
- School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, NC, USA
| | - David H Kohn
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, MI, USA.
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18
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The effect of platelet-rich plasma on fracture healing in long-bone pseudoarthrosis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY 2020; 30:1481-1486. [PMID: 32617687 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-020-02730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on fracture union rate and fracture union time in pseudoarthrosis surgery and to evaluate the clinical and functional results of the patients. METHODS The patients who were undergone pseudoarthrosis surgery between 2011 and 2014 were evaluated retrospectively. Twenty-four patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups with used PRP and not used PRP during surgery. There were 14 patients in the PRP group and 10 patients in the control group. The two groups were compared in terms of demographic characteristics, fracture union time, and functional scores of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale and Upper Extremity Functional Index. RESULTS Fractures were healed in both groups, and no complications were encountered. A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of fracture union time. The mean time of union was 5.3 months in the PRP group and 11.3 months in the control group (p: 0.000). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of functional scores (p: 0.250). CONCLUSION As a result of our study, we concluded that PRP is an effective and safe method in pseudoarthrosis surgery that reduces fracture union time. Controlled studies with more patient numbers are needed.
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19
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Sun X, Li X, Qi H, Hou X, Zhao J, Yuan X, Ma X. MiR-21 nanocapsules promote early bone repair of osteoporotic fractures by stimulating the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Translat 2020; 24:76-87. [PMID: 32695607 PMCID: PMC7349941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The healing of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly patients is a difficult clinical problem. Currently, based on the internal fixation of fractures, the available drug treatments mainly focus on either inhibiting osteoclast function, such as bisphosphonate, calcitonin, oestrogen or promoting osteogenesis, such as parathyroid hormones. However, the availability of current antiosteoporotic drugs in promoting osteoporotic fracture healing is limited. The objective of the present study was to investigate the ability of the MiR-21/nanocapsule to enhance the early bone repair of osteoporotic fractures. Methods Based on the presence of matrix metalloproteinases that are overexpressed at the fracture site, we designed the matrix metalloproteinase–sensitive nanocapsules which were formed by in situ free radical polymerisation on the surface of MiR-21 with 2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphorylcholine and the bisacryloylated VPLGVRTK peptide. The MiR-21/nanocapsule [n (miR-21)] and O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) were mixed until they formed a gel-like material [CMCS/n (miR-21)] with good fluidity and injectability. Thirty elderly Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (female, 14-month-old, 380 ± 10 g) were subjected to bilateral removal of the ovaries (ovariectomised). All rats were subjected to bilateral bone defects (2 mm diameter) of the proximal tibia and randomly divided into three groups (groups A, B, and C): separately injected with CMCS/n (miR-21), CMCS/n (NC-miR), and saline. Micro-computed tomography (CT) imaging was performed to evaluate newly formed bone volume and connectivity. Nondecalcified histology and toluidine blue staining were performed to measure the effects of CMCS/n (miR-21) on bone repair. In vitro, the effect of n (miR-21) on osteogenic differentiation to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) which derived from the ovariectomised rat model was observed. Results The morphology of n (miR-21) was a regular spherical nanocapsule with a uniform small size (25–35 nm). The results confirmed that n (miR-21) could be efficiently phagocytosed by BMSCs and released in the cytoplasm to promote osteogenesis. The expression level of alkaline phosphatase and Runt-related transcription factor 2 mRNA in the n (miR-21) group was higher than that in the n (NC-miR) group. Animal experiments proved that CMCS/n (miR-21) produced better bone repair compared with the CMCS/n (NC-miR) group in the early stages of fracture healing at 4 weeks. In the late stage of fracture healing (8 weeks), micro-CT quantitative analysis showed that the new bone trabeculae in the CMCS/n (miR-21) group has decreased compared with the CMCS/n (NC-miR) group. In the CMCS/n (miR-21) group, the new cancellous bone had been absorbed, and the process of bone healing was almost completed. In contrast, the new bone in the CMCS/n (NC-miR) and the control groups was still in the healing process. Conclusion The cytological tests confirmed that n (miR-21) can promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs derived from the osteoporosis rat model. Furthermore, the results of animal tests demonstrated that local injection of CMCS/n (miR-21) promoted the early healing of osteoporotic bone defects. Consequently CMCS/n (miR-21) promoted the bone repair process to enter the moulding phase earlier. The translational potential of this article CMCS/n (miR-21) can be widely applied to elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures. This method can help patients with osteoporotic fractures recover earlier and avoid serious complications. It provides a potential approach for the clinical treatment of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Xueping Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hongzhao Qi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xin Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xubo Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xinlong Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, China
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20
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Wei W, Liu S, Song J, Feng T, Yang R, Cheng Y, Li H, Hao L. MGF-19E peptide promoted proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cell and promoted bone defect healing. Gene 2020; 749:144703. [PMID: 32339623 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The repair of segmental bone defects and bone fractures is a clinical challenge involving high risk and postsurgical morbidity. Bone injury and partial bone tumor resection via traditional bone grafting result in high complications. Growth factors have been proposed as alternatives to promote bone repair and formation and circumvent these limitations. In this study, we classified different lengths of mechano growth factor (MGF) E peptides in different species and analyzed their effects on MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation, cell cycle, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, differentiation-related factor expression, and cell mineralization. A rabbit bone injury model was constructed, and the repair function of MGF E peptide was verified by injecting the candidate MGF E peptide. We analyzed 52 different MGF-E peptides and classified them into the following four categories: T-MGF-25E, M-MGF-25E, T-MGF-19E, and M-MGF-19E. These peptides were synthesized for further study. T-MGF-19E peptide obviously promoted cell proliferation by regulating cell cycle after MGF E peptide treatment at 72 h. T-MGF-25E and T-MGF-19E peptide significantly promoted the differentiation of osteoblasts on day 14, and M-MGF-25E peptide promoted cell differentiation on day 7. T-MGF-19E, T-MGF-25E, and M-MGF-19E significantly promoted osteoblast mineralization, with T-MGF19E showing the most significant effect. These results implied that T-MGF19E peptide could remarkably promote MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. The rabbit bone defect model showed that the low-dose T-MGF-19E peptide significantly promoted bone injury healing, suggesting its promoting effect on the healing of bone injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Wei
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Lvyuan District, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; Changchun Qijian Biological Products Co., Ltd., No.1, Torch Road, High Tech Development Zone, Changchun, Jilin Province 130012, China
| | - Songcai Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Lvyuan District, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Jie Song
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Lvyuan District, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Tianqi Feng
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Lvyuan District, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Rui Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Lvyuan District, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Yunyun Cheng
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Lvyuan District, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan, Tianhe Distrct, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Lvyuan District, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Linlin Hao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, No. 5333, Xi'an Road, Lvyuan District, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China.
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21
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Rothe R, Schulze S, Neuber C, Hauser S, Rammelt S, Pietzsch J. Adjuvant drug-assisted bone healing: Part III - Further strategies for local and systemic modulation. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 73:439-488. [PMID: 31177207 DOI: 10.3233/ch-199104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this third in a series of reviews on adjuvant drug-assisted bone healing, further approaches aiming at influencing the healing process are discussed. Local and systemic modulation of bone metabolism is pursued with use of a number of drugs with completely different indications, which are characterized by a pleiotropic spectrum of action. These include drugs used to treat lipid disorders (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors), hypertension (ACE inhibitors), osteoporosis (bisphosphonates), cancer (proteasome inhibitors) and others. Potential applications to enhance bone healing are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rothe
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Schulze
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (OUC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christin Neuber
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sandra Hauser
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Rammelt
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (OUC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Tatzberg 4, Dresden
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden, Germany
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22
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Suardita K, Arundina I, Tedjosasongko U, Yuliati A, Peeters HH, Wijaksana IKE, Surboyo MDC. Concanavalin A Enhanced Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:123-127. [PMID: 32168540 PMCID: PMC7069745 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1702900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can be used as a component in the formation of regenerative dentine during direct pulp capping therapy. Concanavalin A (ConA) is a type of lectin with a molecular weight of 26 kDa derived from the
Canavalia ensiformis
plant. Lectins possess strong proliferation and differentiation abilities in various animal cells including lymphocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. The aim of study was to determine the effect of ConA on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs
in vitro
.
Materials and Methods
In this
in vitro
study, DPSCs were isolated from third molars before ConA induction was performed at concentrations of 5 and 10 μg/mL. The proliferation assay was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Osteogenic differentiation was determined by means of mineralization.
Statistical Analysis
Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and a Student’s
t
-test. The
p
-value was set at 0.05.
Results
The addition of 5 and 10 µg/mL of ConA to DPSCs can significantly increase the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs (
p
≤0.05).
Conclusion
ConA can increase the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketut Suardita
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Ira Arundina
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Udijanto Tedjosasongko
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Anita Yuliati
- Department of Dental Material, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | | | - I Komang Evan Wijaksana
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
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23
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Yuliati A, Hartono M, Suardita K. Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell after exposure to red flesh dragon fruit extract. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.280885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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24
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Paidar Ardakani A, Oloumi MM, Farsinejad A, Kheirandish R. Experimental study on healing of long bone defects treated with fibrin membrane enriched with platelet growth factors and periosteal mesenchymal stem cells in rabbit: Radiographical and histopathological evaluations. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2019; 10:285-291. [PMID: 32206223 PMCID: PMC7065587 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2018.86692.2124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of platelet growth factors and periosteal mesenchymal stem cells on bone healing process, radiographically. Forty male White New Zealand rabbits in five equal groups were used in this study. A 2 mm full thickness bone defect was made in left radial bone of each animal. In group A (control) the defect was left with no medical intervention. In group B the defect was covered by a fibrin membrane. In group C the defect was covered by a fibrin membrane plus platelet growth factors. In group D the defect was covered by a fibrin membrane plus periosteal mesenchymal stem cells, and in group E the defect was covered by a fibrin membrane enriched with platelet growth factors and periosteal mesenchymal stem cells. Radiological evaluation was done immediately after surgery (week 0) and then at the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th weeks after operation. At the end of the eighth week, bone samples were taken to evaluate the histopathology. The radiological and histopathological observations showed a superior bone healing in the groups D and E, after eight weeks in comparison with the groups A, B and C. According to this study, it could be concluded that the platelet growth factors and periosteal mesenchymal stem cells could promote bone regeneration in long bone defects in a rabbit model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Paidar Ardakani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Oloumi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Farsinejad
- Department of Hematology and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Reza Kheirandish
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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25
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Kalinichenko SG, Matveeva NY, Kostiv RY, Edranov SS. The topography and proliferative activity of cells immunoreactive to various growth factors in rat femoral bone tissues after experimental fracture and implantation of titanium implants with bioactive biodegradable coatings. Biomed Mater Eng 2019; 30:85-95. [PMID: 30562891 DOI: 10.3233/bme-181035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biodegradable implant coatings promote proliferation and expression of BMP-2, VEGF, and TGF-β2 genes and enhance BMP-2, VEGF, and TGF-β2 regulatory effects at different stages of reparative osteogenesis. OBJECTIVE To study the topography and ratio of PCNA-, VEGF-, BMP-2-, and TGF-β2-immunoreactive cells in rat femoral bone after closed fracture and implantation of titanium implants with biodegradable calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite coatings. METHODS Standard titanium implant screws and similar implants with bioactive coatings were used. A total of 18 rats were randomly divided into three groups, two experimental and a control one. The rats in the first experimental group were implanted with implants without specific coating, while those in the second group, with implants with specific coatings. The control rats were subjected to the same fracture as the experimental ones without subsequent implantation. On days 7, 14, and 30 of experiment, the rats were sampled for histological examination. Histological sections were prepared and processed for PCNA, BMP-2, VEGF, and TGF-β2 immunoreactivity. RESULTS In the regeneration zone, PCNA-immunoreactive cells substantially outnumbered other immunoreactive cell types. During the first two weeks after fracture, in the immediate vicinity of implant surface, the rate of VEGF production increased in osteoblast subpopulations and level of TGF-32 immunoreactivity decreased in chondroblasts. The level of TGF-32 was maximum on day 30 of experiment. BMP-2-immunoreactive osteocytes were found in the zone of external general plates. They accumulated at implants with calcium phosphate coating. Their number gradually increased by day 30 of experiment. CONCLUSIONS The present data suggest that biodegradable implant coatings promote proliferation and expression of BMP-2, VEGF, and TGF-β2 genes and enhance BMP-2, VEGF, and TGF-β2 regulatory effects at different stages of reparative osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei G Kalinichenko
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Natalya Yu Matveeva
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Roman Ye Kostiv
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Sergey S Edranov
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia
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26
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Titsinides S, Agrogiannis G, Karatzas T. Bone grafting materials in dentoalveolar reconstruction: A comprehensive review. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2019; 55:26-32. [PMID: 30733842 PMCID: PMC6354279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone deficits of the jaws are often attributed to accidents, surgical removal of benign lesions or malignant neoplasms, congenital abnormalities, periodontal inflammation, tooth abscess or extraction and finally jaw atrophy due to advanced age or general disease. These bone defects require rehabilitation for a variety of reasons, e.g. maintaining the normal anatomic outline, eliminating empty space, aesthetic restoration and placing dental implants. Today, several techniques have been developed to eliminate these bone deformities including bone grafting, guided bone regeneration, distraction osteogenesis, use of growth factors and stem cells. Bone grafts consist of materials of natural or synthetic origin, implanted into the bone defect site, documented to possess bone healing properties. Currently, a variety of bone restorative materials with different characteristics are available, possesing different properties. Despite years of effort the 'perfect' bone reconstruction material has not yet been developed, a further effort is required to make this objective feasible. The aim of this article is to provide a contemporary and comprehensive overview of the grafting materials that can be applied in dentoalveolar reconstruction, discussing their properties, advantages and disadvantages, enlightening the present and the future perspectives in the field of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Titsinides
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Dental School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - G. Agrogiannis
- 1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - T. Karatzas
- 2nd Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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27
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Poudel SB, Min CK, Lee JH, Shin YJ, Kwon TH, Jeon YM, Lee JC. Local supplementation with plant-derived recombinant human FGF2 protein enhances bone formation in critical-sized calvarial defects. J Bone Miner Metab 2019; 37:900-912. [PMID: 30843129 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-019-00993-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the advantages of plant cell suspension culture systems in producing bioactive recombinant human growth factors. This study investigated the biological activity of recombinant basic human fibroblast growth factor (rhFGF2) protein produced by a plant culture system to enhance new bone formation in a bone defect mouse model. The human FGF2 cDNA gene was cloned into a plant expression vector driven by the rice α-amylase 3D promoter. The vector was introduced into rice calli (Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin), and the clone with the highest expression of rhFGF2 was selected. Maximum accumulation of rhFGF2 protein (approximately 28 mg/l) was reached at 13 day post-incubation. Male C57BL/6 mice underwent calvarial defect surgery and the defects were loaded with absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) only (ACS group) or ACS impregnated with 5 μg of plant-derived rhFGF2 (p-FGF2) protein or E. coli-derived rhFGF2 (e-FGF2) protein. Similar to the effects of e-FGF2, local delivery with p-FGF2 enhanced bone healing in the damaged region to higher levels than the ACS group. Exogenous addition of p-FGF2 or e-FGF2 exhibited similar effects on proliferation, mineralization, and osteogenic marker expression in MC3T3-E1 cells. Together, the current findings support the usefulness of this plant-based expression system for the production of biologically active rhFGF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher Bahadur Poudel
- Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Min
- Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Lee
- Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Ji Shin
- Natural Bio-Materials Inc., Iksan, 54631, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Kwon
- Natural Bio-Materials Inc., Iksan, 54631, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Jeon
- Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
- School of Dentistry, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Chae Lee
- Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
- Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Buettmann EG, McKenzie JA, Migotsky N, Sykes DA, Hu P, Yoneda S, Silva MJ. VEGFA From Early Osteoblast Lineage Cells (Osterix+) Is Required in Mice for Fracture Healing. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:1690-1706. [PMID: 31081125 PMCID: PMC6744295 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bone formation via intramembranous and endochondral ossification is necessary for successful healing after a wide range of bone injuries. The pleiotropic cytokine, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) has been shown, via nonspecific pharmacologic inhibition, to be indispensable for angiogenesis and ossification following bone fracture and cortical defect repair. However, the importance of VEGFA expression by different cell types during bone healing is not well understood. We sought to determine the role of VEGFA from different osteoblast cell subsets following clinically relevant models of bone fracture and cortical defect. Ubiquitin C (UBC), Osterix (Osx), or Dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1) Cre-ERT2 mice (male and female) containing floxed VEGFA alleles (VEGFAfl/fl ) were either given a femur full fracture, ulna stress fracture, or tibia cortical defect at 12 weeks of age. All mice received tamoxifen continuously starting 2 weeks before bone injury and throughout healing. UBC Cre-ERT2 VEGFAfl/fl (UBC cKO) mice, which were used to mimic nonspecific inhibition, had minimal bone formation and impaired angiogenesis across all bone injury models. UBC cKO mice also exhibited impaired periosteal cell proliferation during full fracture, but not stress fracture repair. Osx Cre-ERT2 VEGFAfl/fl (Osx cKO) mice, but not Dmp1 Cre-ERT2 VEGFAfl/fl (Dmp1 cKO) mice, showed impaired periosteal bone formation and angiogenesis in models of full fracture and stress fracture. Neither Osx cKO nor Dmp1 cKO mice demonstrated significant impairments in intramedullary bone formation and angiogenesis following cortical defect. These data suggest that VEGFA from early osteolineage cells (Osx+), but not mature osteoblasts/osteocytes (Dmp1+), is critical at the time of bone injury for rapid periosteal angiogenesis and woven bone formation during fracture repair. Whereas VEGFA from another cell source, not from the osteoblast cell lineage, is necessary at the time of injury for maximum cortical defect intramedullary angiogenesis and osteogenesis. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan G Buettmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer A McKenzie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nicole Migotsky
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David Aw Sykes
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pei Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Susumu Yoneda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew J Silva
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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29
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Abstract
Non-union of bone following fracture is an orthopaedic condition with a high morbidity and clinical burden. Despite its estimated global prevalence of nine million annually, the limit of bone regeneration therapy still results in patients living with pain, a reduced quality of life and associated psychological, social and financial repercussions. This review provides an overview of the current epidemiological and aetiological data, and highlights where the clinical challenges in treating non-union lie. Current treatment strategies are discussed as well as promising future research foci. Development in biotechnologies to treat non-union provides exciting scope for more effective treatment for this debilitating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Stewart
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
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30
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Everding J, Stolberg-Stolberg J, Raschke MJ, Stange R. [Stimulation of fracture healing by growth factors and cell-based technologies]. Unfallchirurg 2019; 122:534-543. [PMID: 31201492 DOI: 10.1007/s00113-019-0686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Bone has the special capability to completely regenerate after trauma and to re-establish its original geometry and biomechanical stability corresponding to the pretrauma conditions. Nevertheless, in daily clinical practice impaired fracture healing and nonunions are regular complications as a result of inadequate mechanical stability and/or insufficient biological processes around the fracture region. Since the beginning of the millennium, intensive research on the physiological processes in bone healing as well as the production and clinical administration of growth factors have enabled the possibility to improve the local biological processes during fracture healing by osteoinduction. Although the initial clinical results, particularly of bone morphogenetic proteins, in fracture healing were promising, growth factors did not become established for unrestricted use in the clinical application. Currently, additional growth factors are being investigated with respect to the potential supportive and osteoinductive characteristics for enhancement of fracture healing and possible clinical applications. Furthermore, the development of cell-based technologies is another promising approach to positively stimulate fracture healing. In addition to the gold standard of autologous bone grafting, harvesting of mesenchymal stroma cells by aspiration has gained in importance in recent years. Allogeneic bone cell transplantation procedures and in particular gene therapy are promising new strategies for the treatment of disorders of fracture healing. This review gives an overview of present and future possibilities for modulation of fracture healing by growth factors and cell-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Everding
- Klinik für Unfall‑, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland
| | - J Stolberg-Stolberg
- Klinik für Unfall‑, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland
| | - M J Raschke
- Klinik für Unfall‑, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland
| | - R Stange
- Abteilung für Regenerative Muskuloskelettale Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland.
- Institut für Muskuloskelettale Medizin (IMM), Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Deutschland.
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31
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Meeson R, Sanghani-Keri A, Coathup M, Blunn G. CXCR4 Antagonism to Treat Delayed Fracture Healing. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:1242-1250. [PMID: 30612520 PMCID: PMC6864747 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant number of fractures develop nonunion. Stem cell homing is regulated through stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1) and its receptor CXCR4. Stem/progenitor cell populations can be endogenously mobilized by administering growth factors with a pharmacological antagonist of CXCR4, AMD3100, which may be a means to improve fracture healing. A 1.5 mm femoral osteotomy in Wistar rats was stabilized with an external fixator. Rats were pretreated with phosphate buffered saline [PBS(P)], vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF(V)], insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF1(I)], or granulocyte colony stimulating factor [GCSF(G)] before AMD3100. A control group (C) did not receive growth factors or AMD3100. Bone formation after 5 weeks was analyzed. Group P had a significant increase in total bone volume (BV) (p = 0.01) and group I in percentage bone in the fracture gap (p = 0.035). Group G showed a decrease in BV. All treated groups had an increase in trabecular thickness. Histology showed decreased cartilage tissue associated with increased bone in groups with improved healing, and increased fibrous tissue in poorly performing groups. Antagonism of SDF1-CXCR4 axis can boost impaired fracture healing. AMD3100 given alone was the most effective means to boost healing, whereas pretreatment with GCSF reduced healing. AMD3100 is likely mobilizing stem cells into the blood stream that home to the fracture site enhancing healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Meeson
- Division of Surgery, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical Services and Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Sanghani-Keri
- Division of Surgery, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Coathup
- Division of Surgery, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Gordon Blunn
- Division of Surgery, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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32
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Dwivedi G, Chevrier A, Hoemann CD, Buschmann MD. Injectable freeze‐dried chitosan‐platelet‐rich‐plasma implants improve marrow‐stimulated cartilage repair in a chronic‐defect rabbit model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:599-611. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Garima Dwivedi
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Anik Chevrier
- Chemical Engineering Department, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Caroline D. Hoemann
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
- Chemical Engineering Department, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Michael D. Buschmann
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
- Chemical Engineering Department, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
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33
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Vukelić-Nikolić MĐ, Najman SJ, Vasiljević PJ, Jevtović-Stoimenov TM, Cvetković VJ, Andrejev MN, Mitić ŽJ. Osteogenic capacity of diluted platelet-rich plasma in ectopic bone-forming model: Benefits for bone regeneration. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 46:1911-1918. [PMID: 30309795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with normal and below-normal physiological concentrations of platelets is designated as diluted PRP (dPRP). The aims of this study are to evaluate whether bone mineral matrix in combination with dPRP possesses osteogenic capacity; and whether the differences in dynamics and osteogenic process pattern depend on different platelet concentrations, to what extent, and also what could be benefits for bone regeneration in clinical practice. Three types of implants were made: BMM-bone mineral matrix alone; dPRP/10-bone mineral matrix mixed with dPRP (concentration of platelets 10 times lower than physiological level) and dPRP/3-bone mineral matrix mixed with dPRP (concentration of platelets 3 times lower than physiological level). A subcutaneous implantation model in Balb/c mice was used. The implants were analyzed using expression analysis of bone-related genes, histochemical, immunohistochemical and histomorphometrical analysis. All types of implants induced creation of necessary preconditions for supporting osteogenic processes, but did not induce visible young bone growth. Implant types dPRP/10 and dPRP/3 showed very similar and significantly better stimulatory effects on osteogenic processes than bone matrix alone. In this study, significant ectopic osteogenic potential of concentration of platelets in PRP that are lower than physiological level in blood plasma in combination with bone mineral matrix was demonstrated. Diluted platelet-rich plasma could be a promising and useful adjuvant therapeutic agent in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Đ Vukelić-Nikolić
- University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biology and Human Genetics; Department for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Blvd. Dr Zoran Djindjić 81, 18108 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Stevo J Najman
- University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biology and Human Genetics; Department for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Blvd. Dr Zoran Djindjić 81, 18108 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Perica J Vasiljević
- University of Niš, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Biology and Ecology, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Tatjana M Jevtović-Stoimenov
- University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory for Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Blvd. Dr Zoran Djindjić 81, 18108 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Vladimir J Cvetković
- University of Niš, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Biology and Ecology, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Milica N Andrejev
- University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biology and Human Genetics; Department for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Blvd. Dr Zoran Djindjić 81, 18108 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Žarko J Mitić
- University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Blvd. Dr Zoran Djindjić 81, 18108 Niš, Serbia.
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34
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Rehabilitation of hamstring strains: does a single injection of platelet-rich plasma improve outcomes? (Clinical study). SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-018-0474-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Tan TY, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Bhoj EJ, Strauss KA, Brigatti K, Puffenberger E, Li D, Xie L, Das N, Skubas I, Deckelbaum RA, Hughes V, Brydges S, Hatsell S, Siao CJ, Dominguez MG, Economides A, Overton JD, Mayne V, Simm PJ, Jones BO, Eggers S, Le Guyader G, Pelluard F, Haack TB, Sturm M, Riess A, Waldmueller S, Hofbeck M, Steindl K, Joset P, Rauch A, Hakonarson H, Baker NL, Farlie PG. Monoallelic BMP2 Variants Predicted to Result in Haploinsufficiency Cause Craniofacial, Skeletal, and Cardiac Features Overlapping Those of 20p12 Deletions. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 101:985-994. [PMID: 29198724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) in chromosomal region 20p12 belongs to a gene superfamily encoding TGF-β-signaling proteins involved in bone and cartilage biology. Monoallelic deletions of 20p12 are variably associated with cleft palate, short stature, and developmental delay. Here, we report a cranioskeletal phenotype due to monoallelic truncating and frameshift BMP2 variants and deletions in 12 individuals from eight unrelated families that share features of short stature, a recognizable craniofacial gestalt, skeletal anomalies, and congenital heart disease. De novo occurrence and autosomal-dominant inheritance of variants, including paternal mosaicism in two affected sisters who inherited a BMP2 splice-altering variant, were observed across all reported families. Additionally, we observed similarity to the human phenotype of short stature and skeletal anomalies in a heterozygous Bmp2-knockout mouse model, suggesting that haploinsufficiency of BMP2 could be the primary phenotypic determinant in individuals with predicted truncating variants and deletions encompassing BMP2. These findings demonstrate the important role of BMP2 in human craniofacial, skeletal, and cardiac development and confirm that individuals heterozygous for BMP2 truncating sequence variants or deletions display a consistent distinct phenotype characterized by short stature and skeletal and cardiac anomalies without neurological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiong Yang Tan
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | | | - Elizabeth J Bhoj
- Center for Applied Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dong Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA
| | - LiQin Xie
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Nanditha Das
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Ioanna Skubas
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Hatsell
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Chia-Jen Siao
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | | | - John D Overton
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Valerie Mayne
- Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter J Simm
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Bryn O Jones
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Stefanie Eggers
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Gwenaël Le Guyader
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers 86021, France
| | - Fanny Pelluard
- Department of Pathology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marc Sturm
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Angelika Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Waldmueller
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Kinderheilkunde II Kardiologie Intensivmedizin Pulmologie, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michael Hofbeck
- Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Kinderheilkunde II Kardiologie Intensivmedizin Pulmologie, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Steindl
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Joset
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anita Rauch
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA
| | - Naomi L Baker
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter G Farlie
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
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Ghadakzadeh S, Hamdy R, Tabrizian M. Efficient in vitro delivery of Noggin siRNA enhances osteoblastogenesis. Heliyon 2017; 3:e00450. [PMID: 29167826 PMCID: PMC5686427 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several types of serious bone defects would not heal without invasive clinical intervention. One approach to such defects is to enhance the capacity of bone-formation cells. Exogenous bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) have been utilized to positively regulate matrix mineralization and osteoblastogenesis, however, numerous adverse effects are associated with this approach. Noggin, a potent antagonist of BMPs, is an ideal candidate to target and decrease the need for supraphysiological doses of BMPs. In the current research we report a novel siRNA-mediated gene knock-down strategy to down-regulate Noggin. We utilized a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery strategy in pre-osteoblastic rat cells. In vitro LNP-siRNA treatment caused inconsequential cell toxicity and transfection was achieved in over 85% of cells. Noggin siRNA treatment successfully down-regulated cellular Noggin protein levels and enhanced BMP signal activity which in turn resulted in significantly increased osteoblast differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization evidenced by histological assessments. Gene expression analysis showed that targeting Noggin specifically in bone cells would not lead to a compensatory effect from other BMP negative regulators such as Gremlin and Chordin. The results from this study support the notion that novel therapeutics targeting Noggin have the clinically relevant potential to enhance bone formation without the need for toxic doses of exogenous BMPs. Such treatments will undeniably provide safe and economical treatments for individuals whose poor bone repair results in permanent morbidity and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ghadakzadeh
- Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shriners Hospital for Children, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - R.C. Hamdy
- Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shriners Hospital for Children, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - M. Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Costa V, Raimondi L, Conigliaro A, Salamanna F, Carina V, De Luca A, Bellavia D, Alessandro R, Fini M, Giavaresi G. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1Α may regulate the commitment of mesenchymal stromal cells toward angio-osteogenesis by mirna-675-5P. Cytotherapy 2017; 19:1412-1425. [PMID: 29111380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS During bone formation, angiogenesis and osteogenesis are regulated by hypoxia, which is able to induce blood vessel formation, as well as recruit and differentiate human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). The molecular mechanisms involved in HIF-1α response and hMSC differentiation during bone formation are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic role of hypoxia and hypoxia-mimetic microRNA miR-675-5p in angiogenesis response and osteo-chondroblast commitment of hMSCs. METHODS By using a suitable in vitro cell model of hMSCs (maintained in hypoxia or normoxia), the role of HIF-1α and miR-675-5p in angiogenesis and osteogenesis coupling was investigated, using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), gene expression and protein analysis. RESULTS Hypoxia induced miR-675-5p expression and a hypoxia-angiogenic response, as demonstrated by increase in vascular endothelial growth factor messenger RNA and protein release. MiR-675-5p overexpression in normoxia promoted the down-regulation of MSC markers and the up-regulation of osteoblast and chondroblast markers, as demonstrated by FACS and protein analysis. Moreover, miR-675-5p depletion in a low-oxygen condition partially abolished the hypoxic response, including angiogenesis, and in particular restored the MSC phenotype, demonstrated by cytofluorimetric analysis. In addition, current preliminary data suggest that the expression of miR-675-5p during hypoxia plays an additive role in sustaining Wnt/β-catenin pathways and the related commitment of hMSCs during bone ossification. DISCUSSION MiR-675-5p may trigger complex molecular mechanisms that promote hMSC osteoblastic differentiation through a dual strategy: increasing HIF-1α response and activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Costa
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technological Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Lavinia Raimondi
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technological Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alice Conigliaro
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Salamanna
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Carina
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technological Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angela De Luca
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technological Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Bellavia
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technological Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technological Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
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Poudel SB, Bhattarai G, Kook SH, Shin YJ, Kwon TH, Lee SY, Lee JC. Recombinant human IGF-1 produced by transgenic plant cell suspension culture enhances new bone formation in calvarial defects. Growth Horm IGF Res 2017; 36:1-10. [PMID: 28787635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic plant cell suspension culture systems have been utilized extensively as convenient and efficient expression systems for the production of recombinant human growth factors. We produced insulin-like growth factor-1 using a plant suspension culture system (p-IGF-1) and explored its effect on new bone formation in calvarial defects. We also compared the bone regenerating potential of p-IGF-1 with commercial IGF-1 derived from Escherichia coli (e-IGF-1). Male C57BL/6 mice underwent calvarial defect surgery, and the defects were loaded with absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) only (ACS group) or ACS impregnated with 13μg of p-IGF-1 (p-IGF-1 group) or e-IGF-1 (e-IGF-1 group). The sham group did not receive any treatment with ACS or IGFs after surgery. Live μCT and histological analyses showed critical-sized bone defects in the sham group, whereas greater bone formation was observed in the p-IGF-1 and e-IGF-1 groups than the ACS group both 5 and 10weeks after surgery. Bone mineral density, bone volume, and bone surface values were also higher in the IGF groups than in the ACS group. Local delivery of p-IGF-1 or e-IGF-1 more greatly enhanced the expression of osteoblast-specific markers, but inhibited osteoclast formation, in newly formed bone compared with ACS control group. Specifically, p-IGF-1 treatment induced higher expression of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and osteopontin in the defect site than did e-IGF-1. Furthermore, treatment with p-IGF-1, but not e-IGF-1, increased mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells, with the attendant upregulation of osteogenic marker genes. Collectively, our findings suggest the potential of p-IGF-1 in promoting the processes required for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher Bahadur Poudel
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development & Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, South Korea
| | - Govinda Bhattarai
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development & Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, South Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Kook
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development & Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, South Korea; Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, South Korea
| | - Yun-Ji Shin
- Natural Bio-Materials Inc., Iksan 54631, South Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Kwon
- Natural Bio-Materials Inc., Iksan 54631, South Korea
| | - Seung-Youp Lee
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54896, South Korea.
| | - Jeong-Chae Lee
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development & Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, South Korea; Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, South Korea.
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Zhang L, Miramini S, Richardson M, Mendis P, Ebeling P. The role of impairment of mesenchymal stem cell function in osteoporotic bone fracture healing. AUSTRALASIAN PHYSICAL & ENGINEERING SCIENCES IN MEDICINE 2017; 40:603-610. [DOI: 10.1007/s13246-017-0566-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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40
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Kalinichenko SG, Matveeva NY, Kostiv RE, Puz' AV. Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Transforming Growth Factor-β2 in Rat Bone Tissue after Bone Fracture and Placement of Titanium Implants with Bioactive Bioresorbable Coatings. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 162:671-675. [PMID: 28361415 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3684-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The study established enhanced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the subpopulation of osteoblasts located in the regeneration region of femoral bone fracture near the titanium implants with bioactive calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite coatings and suppressed activity of transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) in chondroblasts during the two weeks after surgery. In the delayed posttraumatic period, the distribution of TGF-β2 inversely related to its maximal activity. The data revealed the up-regulating effect of bioresorbable coatings on expression of VEGF and TGF-β2 and their implication in the control over various stages of reparative osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Kalinichenko
- Department of Histology, Cytology, and Embryology, Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia. .,Laboratory of Biomedical Composition Coatings, Institute of Chemistry, Far-East Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - N Yu Matveeva
- Department of Histology, Cytology, and Embryology, Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia.,Laboratory of Biomedical Composition Coatings, Institute of Chemistry, Far-East Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - R E Kostiv
- Department of Histology, Cytology, and Embryology, Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - A V Puz'
- Laboratory of Biomedical Composition Coatings, Institute of Chemistry, Far-East Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
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Jiang HJ, Tan XX, Ju HY, Su JP, Yan W, Song XG, Qin LW, Ju CJ, Wang LS, Zou DB. Autologous platelet lysates local injections for treatment of tibia non-union with breakage of the nickelclad: a case report. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:2013. [PMID: 27933268 PMCID: PMC5122524 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3683-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Nonunions of the tibia represent challenging orthopedic problems, which require the surgeon to analyze numerous factors and choose an appropriate treatment. This article presents a case report of tibia and fibula fracture patient who failed the internal fixation surgery and successfully recovered after one course of percutaneous autologous platelet lysates injection. Case description The patient received an internal nickelclad breakage at 9 months post-surgery but reluctant to accept a second surgery, then autologous platelet lysates (APL) injection which is a less invasive method was recommended. The injections were carried once a week for three times. Radiologic evaluation was conducted every month until recovery. Discussion and evaluation To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of tibia delayed union with breakage of the plate resolved with APL injection. Improved clinical evidence was observed at 4 and 6 months after injection. The patient got good bony union at 8 months post-injection. The patient didn’t feel any discomfort postinjection, no complications such as infection, refracture etc. were observed. Conclusions APL percutaneous injection could be a new therapeutic option for the treatment of nonunion or delayed healing fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jiang Jiang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Wendeng Orthopaedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Wendeng, 264400 Shandong China
| | - Xun-Xiang Tan
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Wendeng Orthopaedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Wendeng, 264400 Shandong China
| | - Hai-Yang Ju
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Wendeng Orthopaedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Wendeng, 264400 Shandong China
| | - Jin-Ping Su
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Wendeng Orthopaedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Wendeng, 264400 Shandong China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Wendeng Orthopaedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Wendeng, 264400 Shandong China
| | - Xiu-Gang Song
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Wendeng Orthopaedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Wendeng, 264400 Shandong China
| | - Li-Wu Qin
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Wendeng Orthopaedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Wendeng, 264400 Shandong China
| | - Chang-Jun Ju
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Wendeng Orthopaedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Wendeng, 264400 Shandong China
| | | | - De-Bao Zou
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Wendeng Orthopaedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Wendeng, 264400 Shandong China
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42
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Wang X, Friis T, Glatt V, Crawford R, Xiao Y. Structural properties of fracture haematoma: current status and future clinical implications. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:2864-2875. [PMID: 27401283 DOI: 10.1002/term.2190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Blood clots (haematomas) that form immediately following a bone fracture have been shown to be vital for the subsequent healing process. During the clotting process, a number of factors can influence the fibrin clot structure, such as fibrin polymerization, growth factor binding, cellular infiltration (including platelet retraction), protein concentrations and cytokines. The modulation of the fibrin clot structure within the fracture site has important clinical implications and could result in the development of multifunctional scaffolds that mimic the natural structure of a haematoma. Artificial haematoma structures such as these can be created from the patient's own blood and can therefore act as an ideal bone defect filling material for potential clinical application to accelerate bone regeneration. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Spine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, People's Republic of China.,Science and Engineering Faculty, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Thor Friis
- Science and Engineering Faculty, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vaida Glatt
- Science and Engineering Faculty, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ross Crawford
- Science and Engineering Faculty, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yin Xiao
- Science and Engineering Faculty, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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43
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Ghadakzadeh S, Mekhail M, Aoude A, Hamdy R, Tabrizian M. Small Players Ruling the Hard Game: siRNA in Bone Regeneration. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:475-87. [PMID: 26890411 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Silencing gene expression through a sequence-specific manner can be achieved by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). The discovery of this process has opened the doors to the development of siRNA therapeutics. Although several preclinical and clinical studies have shown great promise in the treatment of neurological disorders, cancers, dominant disorders, and viral infections with siRNA, siRNA therapy is still gaining ground in musculoskeletal tissue repair and bone regeneration. Here we present a comprehensive review of the literature to summarize different siRNA delivery strategies utilized to enhance bone regeneration. With advancement in understanding the targetable biological pathways involved in bone regeneration and also the rapid progress in siRNA technologies, application of siRNA for bone regeneration has great therapeutic potential. High rates of musculoskeletal injuries and diseases, and their inevitable consequences, impose a huge financial burden on individuals and healthcare systems worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Ghadakzadeh
- Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shriners Hospital for Children, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mina Mekhail
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shriners Hospital for Children, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ahmed Aoude
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shriners Hospital for Children, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Reggie Hamdy
- Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shriners Hospital for Children, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Malhotra R, Kumar V, Garg B, Singh R, Jain V, Coshic P, Chatterjee K. Role of autologous platelet-rich plasma in treatment of long-bone nonunions: a prospective study. Musculoskelet Surg 2015; 99:243-248. [PMID: 26193983 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-015-0378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fracture union is a complex biological process, which depends upon several systemic and local factors. Disturbance of any of these factors may lead to nonunion of the fracture. These nonunions have a huge impact on quality of life as well as socioeconomical aspects. The platelets on activation release a number of growth factors and differentiation factors, which play important role in fracture healing. This study aimed to look for efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of established fracture nonunions of long bones. METHODS A total of 94 patients with established nonunion of long bone (35 tibia, 30 femur, 11 humerus, 4 radius, 12 ulna, 2 with both radius and ulna) were included in this study. We injected 15-20 ml of autologous platelet-rich plasma (>2,000,000 platelets/μl) under image intensifier at each nonunion site. The fracture union was evaluated clinically and radiologically regularly at monthly interval till 4 months. RESULTS Eighty-two patients had their fracture united at the end of 4 months. Thirty-four patients showed bridging trabeculae on X-rays at the end of 2 months, while 41 patients showed bridging trabeculae at the end of third month. Twelve patients did not show any attempt of union at 4 months and were labeled as failure of treatment. There were no complications. CONCLUSION Platelet-rich plasma is a safe and effective treatment for the treatment of nonunions. More studies are needed to look into molecular mechanism of this fracture healing acceleration by platelet-rich plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Malhotra
- Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - V Kumar
- Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - B Garg
- Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - R Singh
- Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - V Jain
- Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - P Coshic
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - K Chatterjee
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Iura A, McNerny EG, Zhang Y, Kamiya N, Tantillo M, Lynch M, Kohn DH, Mishina Y. Mechanical Loading Synergistically Increases Trabecular Bone Volume and Improves Mechanical Properties in the Mouse when BMP Signaling Is Specifically Ablated in Osteoblasts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141345. [PMID: 26489086 PMCID: PMC4619208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is affected by several factors, particularly mechanical loading and growth factor signaling pathways. There is overwhelming evidence to validate the importance of these signaling pathways, however, whether these signals work synergistically or independently to contribute to proper bone maintenance is poorly understood. Weight-bearing exercise increases mechanical load on the skeletal system and can improves bone quality. We previously reported that conditional knockout (cKO) of Bmpr1a, which encodes one of the type 1 receptors for Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), in an osteoblast-specific manner increased trabecular bone mass by suppressing osteoclastogenesis. The cKO bones also showed increased cortical porosity, which is expected to impair bone mechanical properties. Here, we evaluated the impact of weight-bearing exercise on the cKO bone phenotype to understand interactions between mechanical loading and BMP signaling through BMPR1A. Male mice with disruption of Bmpr1a induced at 9 weeks of age, exercised 5 days per week on a motor-driven treadmill from 11 to 16 weeks of age. Trabecular bone volume in cKO tibia was further increased by exercise, whereas exercise did not affect the trabecular bone in the control genotype group. This finding was supported by decreased levels of osteoclasts in the cKO tibiae. The cortical porosity in the cKO bones showed a marginally significant decrease with exercise and approached normal levels. Exercise increased ductility and toughness in the cKO bones. Taken together, reduction in BMPR1A signaling may sensitize osteoblasts for mechanical loading to improve bone mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Iura
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Erin Gatenby McNerny
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yanshuai Zhang
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nobuhiro Kamiya
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Margaret Tantillo
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Michelle Lynch
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - David H. Kohn
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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Abreu MER, Valiati R, Hubler R, Moraes AN, Antonini F, de Oliveira HDC, Pagnoncelli RM. Effect of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone on Osseointegration of Titanium Implants: A Histologic and Biomechanical Study in Rabbits. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2015; 41:e102-9. [DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-13-00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the action of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on osseointegration of titanium implants in rabbits. Fourteen adult New Zealand rabbits, aged 30 weeks, were used in the study, and randomly divided into 2 groups. In each animal, 2 (2.2 mm × 6 mm) pure titanium implants were placed in the left tibia. In one group (test group), 1 IU (0.3 mg) of rhGH as a lyophilized powder was applied to each osteotomy site prior to implant placement. Only titanium implants were placed in osteotomy sites of the other group (control). Animals were humanely killed at 14 and 42 days after surgery, and samples were then prepared for histologic analysis and biomechanical test. The biomechanical test showed tensile pull-out stress values of 33.88 N/cm2 for controls and 59.26 N/cm2 for the rhGH group at 14 days and 25.99 N/cm2 and 29.69 N/cm2 for the control and the test group, respectively, at 42 days. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed more uniform and abundant bone tissue in contact with the implants for the test group at 14 days, and no differences between groups at 42 days. Furthermore, histologic analysis also showed accelerated bone repair in 14 days and a more advanced stage of bone remodeling for the rhGH-treated group when compared to controls after 42 days of repair. Such results show that the topical use of rhGH induces new bone formation in the early stages of bone repair and hence accelerates osseointegration of titanium dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roberto Hubler
- Department of Physics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aury Nunes Moraes
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, Brazil
| | - Fernando Antonini
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Henrique do Couto de Oliveira
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rogério Miranda Pagnoncelli
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Graham EM, Burns J, Hiller CE, Nightingale EJ, Simic M. Management for common lower leg stress fractures in athletes. PHYSICAL THERAPY REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1179/1743288x14y.0000000158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Im GI. Nonviral gene transfer strategies to promote bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 101:3009-18. [PMID: 23554051 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Despite the inherent ability of bone to regenerate itself, there are a number of clinical situations in which complete bone regeneration fails to occur. In view of shortcomings of conventional treatment, gene therapy may have a place in cases of critical-size bone loss that cannot be properly treated with current medical or surgical treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of gene therapy in general, nonviral techniques of gene transfer including physical and chemical methods, RNA-based therapy, therapeutic genes to be transferred for bone regeneration, route of application including ex vivo application, and direct gene therapy approaches to regenerate bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun-Il Im
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Korea
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Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound enhances BMP-7-induced osteogenic differentiation of human fracture hematoma-derived progenitor cells in vitro. J Orthop Trauma 2013; 27:29-33. [PMID: 22549031 DOI: 10.1097/bot.0b013e3182519492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the combined application of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on human fracture hematoma-derived progenitor cells (HCs). METHODS HCs were isolated from 6 patients. The cells were then divided into 4 groups and cultured: (1) control group, HCs cultured in growth medium without LIPUS; (2) LIPUS group, HCs cultured in growth medium with LIPUS; (3) BMP-7 group, HCs cultured in osteogenic medium containing BMP-7 without LIPUS; and (4) BMP-7 + LIPUS group, HCs cultured in osteogenic medium with LIPUS. Osteogenic differentiation potential and proliferation of HCs were compared among 4 groups. RESULTS Alkaline phosphatase activity, the expression of osteogenic genes, and the mineralization of HCs in BMP-7 + LIPUS group were shown to be significantly increased compared with the other groups. However, LIPUS did not affect the proliferation of HCs in the presence or absence of BMP-7. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated for the first time the significant effect of LIPUS on the osteogenic differentiation of HCs in the presence of BMP-7. This study may provide significant evidence for the clinical combined application of BMP-7 and LIPUS for the treatment of acute bone fractures.
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