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Ma S, Pan X, Gan J, Guo X, He J, Hu H, Wang Y, Ning S, Zhi H. DNA methylation heterogeneity attributable to a complex tumor immune microenvironment prompts prognostic risk in glioma. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2318506. [PMID: 38439715 PMCID: PMC10936651 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2318506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are malignant tumours of the human nervous system with different World Health Organization (WHO) classifications, glioblastoma (GBM) with higher grade and are more malignant than lower-grade glioma (LGG). To dissect how the DNA methylation heterogeneity in gliomas is influenced by the complex cellular composition of the tumour immune microenvironment, we first compared the DNA methylation profiles of purified human immune cells and bulk glioma tissue, stratifying three tumour immune microenvironmental subtypes for GBM and LGG samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We found that more intermediate methylation sites were enriched in glioma tumour tissues, and used the Proportion of sites with Intermediate Methylation (PIM) to compare intertumoral DNA methylation heterogeneity. A larger PIM score reflected stronger DNA methylation heterogeneity. Enhanced DNA methylation heterogeneity was associated with stronger immune cell infiltration, better survival rates, and slower tumour progression in glioma patients. We then created a Cell-type-associated DNA Methylation Heterogeneity Contribution (CMHC) score to explore the impact of different immune cell types on heterogeneous CpG site (CpGct) in glioma tissues. We identified eight prognosis-related CpGct to construct a risk score: the Cell-type-associated DNA Methylation Heterogeneity Risk (CMHR) score. CMHR was positively correlated with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte infiltration (CTL), and showed better predictive performance for IDH status (AUC = 0.96) and glioma histological phenotype (AUC = 0.81). Furthermore, DNA methylation alterations of eight CpGct might be related to drug treatments of gliomas. In conclusion, we indicated that DNA methylation heterogeneity is associated with a complex tumour immune microenvironment, glioma phenotype, and patient's prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyue Ma
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Pan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Gan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaxin Guo
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaheng He
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haoyu Hu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuncong Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shangwei Ning
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Zhi
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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2
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Tomoszková S, Škarda J, Lipina R. Potential Diagnostic and Clinical Significance of Selected Genetic Alterations in Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4438. [PMID: 38674026 PMCID: PMC11050250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is currently considered the most common and, unfortunately, also the most aggressive primary brain tumor, with the highest morbidity and mortality rates. The average survival of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma is 14 months, and only 2% of patients survive 3 years after surgery. Based on our clinical experience and knowledge from extensive clinical studies, survival is mainly related to the molecular biological properties of glioblastoma, which are of interest to the general medical community. Our study examined a total of 71 retrospective studies published from 2016 through 2022 and available on PubMed that deal with mutations of selected genes in the pathophysiology of GBM. In conclusion, we can find other mutations within a given gene group that have different effects on the prognosis and quality of survival of a patient with glioblastoma. These mutations, together with the associated mutations of other genes, as well as intratumoral heterogeneity itself, offer enormous potential for further clinical research and possible application in therapeutic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tomoszková
- Neurosurgery Clinic, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. listopadu 1790/5, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic;
- Medical Faculty, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic;
| | - Jozef Škarda
- Medical Faculty, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. listopadu 1790/5, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Lipina
- Neurosurgery Clinic, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. listopadu 1790/5, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic;
- Medical Faculty, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic;
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Shen CK, Huang BR, Charoensaensuk V, Yang LY, Tsai CF, Liu YS, Lai SW, Lu DY, Yeh WL, Lin C. Inhibitory Effects of Urolithins, Bioactive Gut Metabolites from Natural Polyphenols, against Glioblastoma Progression. Nutrients 2023; 15:4854. [PMID: 38068712 PMCID: PMC10708538 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that proinflammatory cytokines, particularly tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, promoted tumor migration, invasion, and proliferation, thus worsening the prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM). Urolithins, the potent metabolites produced by the gut from pomegranate polyphenols, have anticancer properties. To develop an effective therapy for GBM, this study aimed to study the effects of urolithins against GBM. Urolithin A and B significantly reduced GBM migration, reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and inhibited tumor growth. Moreover, urolithin A and B inhibited TNF-α-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, thereby reducing human monocyte (HM) binding to GBM cells. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) level had higher expression in patients with glioma than in healthy individuals. Urolithins are considered pharmacological antagonists of AhR. We demonstrated that the inhibition of AhR reduced TNF-α-stimulated VCAM-1 and PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, human macrophage condition medium enhanced expression of PD-L1 in human GBM cells. Administration of the AhR antagonist attenuated the enhancement of PD-L1, indicating the AhR modulation in GBM progression. The modulatory effects of urolithins in GBM involve inhibiting the Akt and epidermal growth factor receptor pathways. The present study suggests that urolithins can inhibit GBM progression and provide valuable information for anti-GBM strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Kai Shen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan;
| | - Bor-Ren Huang
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Vichuda Charoensaensuk
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yo Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Laboratory for Neural Repair, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fang Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Shu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
- Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lan Yeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chingju Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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Travis G, McGowan EM, Simpson AM, Marsh DJ, Nassif NT. PTEN, PTENP1, microRNAs, and ceRNA Networks: Precision Targeting in Cancer Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4954. [PMID: 37894321 PMCID: PMC10605164 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a well characterised tumour suppressor, playing a critical role in the maintenance of fundamental cellular processes including cell proliferation, migration, metabolism, and survival. Subtle decreases in cellular levels of PTEN result in the development and progression of cancer, hence there is tight regulation of the expression, activity, and cellular half-life of PTEN at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. PTENP1, the processed pseudogene of PTEN, is an important transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulator of PTEN. PTENP1 expression produces sense and antisense transcripts modulating PTEN expression, in conjunction with miRNAs. Due to the high sequence similarity between PTEN and the PTENP1 sense transcript, the transcripts possess common miRNA binding sites with the potential for PTENP1 to compete for the binding, or 'sponging', of miRNAs that would otherwise target the PTEN transcript. PTENP1 therefore acts as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), competing with PTEN for the binding of specific miRNAs to alter the abundance of PTEN. Transcription from the antisense strand produces two functionally independent isoforms (PTENP1-AS-α and PTENP1-AS-β), which can regulate PTEN transcription. In this review, we provide an overview of the post-transcriptional regulation of PTEN through interaction with its pseudogene, the cellular miRNA milieu and operation of the ceRNA network. Furthermore, its importance in maintaining cellular integrity and how disruption of this PTEN-miRNA-PTENP1 axis may lead to cancer but also provide novel therapeutic opportunities, is discussed. Precision targeting of PTENP1-miRNA mediated regulation of PTEN may present as a viable alternative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glena Travis
- Cancer Biology, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (G.T.); (E.M.M.)
| | - Eileen M. McGowan
- Cancer Biology, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (G.T.); (E.M.M.)
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ann M. Simpson
- Gene Therapy and Translational Molecular Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Deborah J. Marsh
- Translational Oncology Group, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Najah T. Nassif
- Cancer Biology, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (G.T.); (E.M.M.)
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Lu H, Zhang B, Xie Y, Zhao W, Han W, Zhou L, Wang Z. Sitravatinib is a potential EGFR inhibitor and induce a new death phenotype in Glioblastoma. Invest New Drugs 2023; 41:564-578. [PMID: 37322389 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-023-01373-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly lethal neurological tumor that presents significant challenge for clinicians due to its heterogeneity and high mortality rate. Despite extensive research, there is currently no effective drug treatment available for GBM. Research evidence has consistently demonstrated that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) promotes tumor progression and is associated with poor prognosis in several types of cancer. In glioma, EGFR abnormal amplification is reported in approximately 40% of GBM patients, with overexpression observed in 60% of cases, and deletion or mutation in 24% to 67% of patients. In our study, Sitravatinib, a potential EGFR inhibitor, was identified through molecular docking screening based on protein structure. The targeting of EGFR and the tumor inhibitory effect of Sitravatinib on glioma were verified through cellular and in vivo experiments, respectively. Our study also revealed that Sitravatinib effectively inhibited GBM invasive and induced DNA damage and cellular senescence. Furthermore, we observed a novel cell death phenotype induced by Sitravatinib, which differed from previously reported programmed death patterns such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Lu
- The Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Bingchang Zhang
- The Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- The Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhao
- The Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Wanhong Han
- The Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Liwei Zhou
- The Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Zhanxiang Wang
- The Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Brain Tumors Diagnosis and Precision Treatment, Xiamen City, China.
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Ding J, Li X, Khan S, Zhang C, Gao F, Sen S, Wasylishen AR, Zhao Y, Lozano G, Koul D, Alfred Yung WK. EGFR suppresses p53 function by promoting p53 binding to DNA-PKcs: a noncanonical regulatory axis between EGFR and wild-type p53 in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:1712-1725. [PMID: 35474131 PMCID: PMC9527520 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification and TP53 mutation are the two most common genetic alterations in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). A comprehensive analysis of the TCGA GBM database revealed a subgroup with near mutual exclusivity of EGFR amplification and TP53 mutations indicative of a role of EGFR in regulating wild-type-p53 (wt-p53) function. The relationship between EGFR amplification and wt-p53 function remains undefined and this study describes the biological significance of this interaction in GBM. METHODS Mass spectrometry was used to identify EGFR-dependent p53-interacting proteins. The p53 and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) interaction was detected by co-immunoprecipitation. We used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to knockout EGFR and DNA-PKcs and the Edit-R CRIPSR-Cas9 system for conditional knockout of EGFR. ROS activity was measured with a CM-H2DCFDA probe, and real-time PCR was used to quantify expression of p53 target genes. RESULTS Using glioma sphere-forming cells (GSCs), we identified, DNA-PKcs as a p53 interacting protein that functionally inhibits p53 activity. We demonstrate that EGFR knockdown increased wt-p53 transcriptional activity, which was associated with decreased binding between p53 and DNA-PKcs. We further show that inhibition of DNA-PKcs either by siRNA or an inhibitor (nedisertib) increased wt-p53 transcriptional activity, which was not enhanced further by EGFR knockdown, indicating that EGFR suppressed wt-p53 activity through DNA-PKcs binding with p53. Finally, using conditional EGFR-knockout GSCs, we show that depleting EGFR increased animal survival in mice transplanted with wt-p53 GSCs. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that EGFR signaling inhibits wt-p53 function in GBM by promoting an interaction between p53 and DNA-PKcs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ding
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sabbir Khan
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shayak Sen
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amanda R Wasylishen
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Guillermina Lozano
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dimpy Koul
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - W K Alfred Yung
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Tsai HP, Lin CJ, Wu CH, Chen YT, Lu YY, Kwan AL, Lieu AS. Prognostic Impact of Low-Level p53 Expression on Brain Astrocytomas Immunopositive for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4142-4151. [PMID: 36135196 PMCID: PMC9497491 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44090284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the expression of p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is associated with therapeutic resistance and patient outcomes in many malignancies, the relationship in astrocytomas is unclear. This study aims to correlate p53 and EGFR expression in brain astrocytomas with overall patient survival. Eighty-two patients with astrocytomas were enrolled in the study. Semi-quantitative p53 and EGFR immunohistochemical staining was measured in tumor specimens. The mean follow-up after astrocytoma surgery was 18.46 months. The overall survival rate was 83%. Survival was reduced in EGFR-positive patients compared with survival in EGFR-negative patients (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences in survival were detected between patients with high and low p53 expression. In patients with low p53 expression, positive EGFR staining was associated with significantly worse survival compared with patients with negative EGFR staining (log-rank test: p < 0.001). Survival rates in positive and negative EGFR groups with high p53 protein expression were similar (log-rank test: p = 0.919). The IC50 of an EGFR inhibitor was higher in GBM cells with high p53 protein expression compared with the IC50 in cells with low p53 expression. Combined EGFR and p53 expression may have prognostic significance in astrocytomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Pei Tsai
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ju Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsin Wu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yi Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Cosmetic Applications and Management Department, Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care & Management, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Aij-Lie Kwan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Ann-Shung Lieu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3121101
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Brat DJ, Aldape K, Bridge JA, Canoll P, Colman H, Hameed MR, Harris BT, Hattab EM, Huse JT, Jenkins RB, Lopez-Terrada DH, McDonald WC, Rodriguez FJ, Souter LH, Colasacco C, Thomas NE, Yount MH, van den Bent MJ, Perry A. Molecular Biomarker Testing for the Diagnosis of Diffuse Gliomas. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2022; 146:547-574. [PMID: 35175291 PMCID: PMC9311267 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2021-0295-cp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— The diagnosis and clinical management of patients with diffuse gliomas (DGs) have evolved rapidly over the past decade with the emergence of molecular biomarkers that are used to classify, stratify risk, and predict treatment response for optimal clinical care. OBJECTIVE.— To develop evidence-based recommendations for informing molecular biomarker testing for pediatric and adult patients with DGs and provide guidance for appropriate laboratory test and biomarker selection for optimal diagnosis, risk stratification, and prediction. DESIGN.— The College of American Pathologists convened an expert panel to perform a systematic review of the literature and develop recommendations. A systematic review of literature was conducted to address the overarching question, "What ancillary tests are needed to classify DGs and sufficiently inform the clinical management of patients?" Recommendations were derived from quality of evidence, open comment feedback, and expert panel consensus. RESULTS.— Thirteen recommendations and 3 good practice statements were established to guide pathologists and treating physicians on the most appropriate methods and molecular biomarkers to include in laboratory testing to inform clinical management of patients with DGs. CONCLUSIONS.— Evidence-based incorporation of laboratory results from molecular biomarker testing into integrated diagnoses of DGs provides reproducible and clinically meaningful information for patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Brat
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Julia A. Bridge
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Cytogenetics, ProPath, Dallas, TX
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Howard Colman
- Department of Neurosurgery and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Meera R. Hameed
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Brent T. Harris
- Department of Neurology and Pathology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Eyas M. Hattab
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Jason T. Huse
- Departments of Pathology and Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD, Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Robert B. Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Dolores H. Lopez-Terrada
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Martin J. van den Bent
- Brain Tumor Center at Erasmus MC Cancer Institute University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arie Perry
- Departments of Pathology and Neurological Surgery University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA
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Tectorigenin Inhibits Glioblastoma Proliferation by G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56120681. [PMID: 33321738 PMCID: PMC7763962 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56120681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Glioblastoma is one of the leading cancer-related causes of death of the brain region and has an average 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of tectorigenin, a naturally occurring flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumor properties, as a treatment for glioblastoma. A further goal was to use in vitro models to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Exposure to tectorigenin for 24 h dose-dependently reduced the viability of glioblastoma cells. Results: Significant cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase occurred in the presence of 200 and 300 µM tectorigenin. Treatment with tectorigenin clearly reduced the levels of phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (p-RB) and decreased the expression of cyclin-dependent protein 4 (CDK4). Tectorigenin treatment also significantly enhanced the expression of p21, a CDK4 inhibitor. Conclusions: Collectively, our findings indicated that tectorigenin inhibited the proliferation of glioblastoma cells by cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase.
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Saadeh FS, Morsi RZ, El-Kurdi A, Nemer G, Mahfouz R, Charafeddine M, Khoury J, Najjar MW, Khoueiry P, Assi HI. Correlation of genetic alterations by whole-exome sequencing with clinical outcomes of glioblastoma patients from the Lebanese population. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242793. [PMID: 33237934 PMCID: PMC7688136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor associated with high degree of resistance to treatment. Given its heterogeneity, it is important to understand the molecular landscape of this tumor for the development of more effective therapies. Because of the different genetic profiles of patients with GBM, we sought to identify genetic variants in Lebanese patients with GBM (LEB-GBM) and compare our findings to those in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Methods We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify somatic variants in a cohort of 60 patient-derived GBM samples. We focused our analysis on 50 commonly mutated GBM candidate genes and compared mutation signatures between our population and publicly available GBM data from TCGA. We also cross-tabulated biological covariates to assess for associations with overall survival, time to recurrence and follow-up duration. Results We included 60 patient-derived GBM samples from 37 males and 23 females, with age ranging from 3 to 80 years (mean and median age at diagnosis were 51 and 56, respectively). Recurrent tumor formation was present in 94.8% of patients (n = 55/58). After filtering, we identified 360 somatic variants from 60 GBM patient samples. After filtering, we identified 360 somatic variants from 60 GBM patient samples. Most frequently mutated genes in our samples included ATRX, PCDHX11, PTEN, TP53, NF1, EGFR, PIK3CA, and SCN9A. Mutations in NLRP5 were associated with decreased overall survival among the Lebanese GBM cohort (p = 0.002). Mutations in NLRP5 were associated with decreased overall survival among the Lebanese GBM cohort (p = 0.002). EGFR and NF1 mutations were associated with the frontal lobe and temporal lobe in our LEB-GBM cohort, respectively. Conclusions Our WES analysis confirmed the similarity in mutation signature of the LEB-GBM population with TCGA cohorts. It showed that 1 out of the 50 commonly GBM candidate gene mutations is associated with decreased overall survival among the Lebanese cohort. This study also highlights the need for studies with larger sample sizes to inform clinicians for better prognostication and management of Lebanese patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi S. Saadeh
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Rami Z. Morsi
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Abdallah El-Kurdi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Georges Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rami Mahfouz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maya Charafeddine
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jessica Khoury
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan W. Najjar
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pierre Khoueiry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- * E-mail: (PK); (HIA)
| | - Hazem I. Assi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- * E-mail: (PK); (HIA)
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11
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Huang BR, Liu YS, Lai SW, Lin HJ, Shen CK, Yang LY, Lu DY. CAIX Regulates GBM Motility and TAM Adhesion and Polarization through EGFR/STAT3 under Hypoxic Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165838. [PMID: 32823915 PMCID: PMC7461579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are acid-base regulatory proteins that modulate a variety of physiological functions. Recent findings have shown that CAIX is particularly upregulated in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and is associated with a poor patient outcome and survival rate. An analysis of the GSE4290 dataset of patients with gliomas showed that CAIX was highly expressed in GBM and was negatively associated with prognosis. The expression of CAIX under hypoxic conditions in GBM significantly increased in protein, mRNA, and transcriptional activity. Importantly, CAIX upregulation also regulated GBM motility, monocyte adhesion to GBM, and the polarization of tumor-associated monocytes/macrophages (TAM). Furthermore, the overexpression of CAIX was observed in intracranial GBM cells. Additionally, epidermal growth factor receptor/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 regulated CAIX expression under hypoxic conditions by affecting the stability of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. In contrast, the knockdown of CAIX dramatically abrogated the change in GBM motility and monocyte adhesion to GBM under hypoxic conditions. Our results provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of CAIX in the GBM microenvironment. Hence, novel therapeutic targets of GBM progression are possibly developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Ren Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 42743, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (H.-J.L.)
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Lai
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Jung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Ching-Kai Shen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Liang-Yo Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Laboratory for Neural Repair, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Biomedical Technology R&D Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-Y.Y.); (D.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 1615) (L.-Y.Y.); +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2253) (D.-Y.L.)
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (H.-J.L.)
- Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-Y.Y.); (D.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 1615) (L.-Y.Y.); +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2253) (D.-Y.L.)
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12
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Chen Z, Herting CJ, Ross JL, Gabanic B, Puigdelloses Vallcorba M, Szulzewsky F, Wojciechowicz ML, Cimino PJ, Ezhilarasan R, Sulman EP, Ying M, Ma'ayan A, Read RD, Hambardzumyan D. Genetic driver mutations introduced in identical cell-of-origin in murine glioblastoma reveal distinct immune landscapes but similar response to checkpoint blockade. Glia 2020; 68:2148-2166. [PMID: 32639068 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor. In addition to being genetically heterogeneous, GBMs are also immunologically heterogeneous. However, whether the differences in immune microenvironment are driven by genetic driver mutation is unexplored. By leveraging the versatile RCAS/tv-a somatic gene transfer system, we establish a mouse model for Classical GBM by introducing EGFRvIII expression in Nestin-positive neural stem/progenitor cells in adult mice. Along with our previously published Nf1-silenced and PDGFB-overexpressing models, we investigate the immune microenvironments of the three models of human GBM subtypes by unbiased multiplex profiling. We demonstrate that both the quantity and composition of the microenvironmental myeloid cells are dictated by the genetic driver mutations, closely mimicking what was observed in human GBM subtypes. These myeloid cells express high levels of the immune checkpoint protein PD-L1; however, PD-L1 targeted therapies alone or in combination with irradiation are unable to increase the survival time of tumor-bearing mice regardless of the driver mutations, reflecting the outcomes of recent human trials. Together, these results highlight the critical utility of immunocompetent mouse models for preclinical studies of GBM, making these models indispensable tools for understanding the resistance mechanisms of immune checkpoint blockade in GBM and immune cell-targeting drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Cameron J Herting
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Graduate Division of Molecular and Systems Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James L Ross
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ben Gabanic
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Montse Puigdelloses Vallcorba
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Program of Solid Tumors, Center for the Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Megan L Wojciechowicz
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Bioinformatics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ravesanker Ezhilarasan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Spine Tumor Center, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Spine Tumor Center, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mingyao Ying
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Avi Ma'ayan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Bioinformatics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Renee D Read
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory Usniversity School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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13
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Lai SW, Lin HJ, Liu YS, Yang LY, Lu DY. Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 Regulates Glioblastoma Motility and Monocyte Binding Ability. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020380. [PMID: 32045997 PMCID: PMC7073205 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by severe hypoxic and acidic stress in an abnormal microenvironment. Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)4, a pH-regulating protein, plays an important role in pH homeostasis of the glycolytic metabolic pathways in cancer cells. The present study showed that GBM exposure to hypoxic conditions increased MCT4 expression. We further analyzed the glioma patient database and found that MCT4 was significantly overexpressed in patients with GBM, and the MCT4 levels positively correlated with the clinico-pathological grades of gliomas. We further found that MCT4 knockdown abolished the hypoxia-enhanced of GBM cell motility and monocyte adhesion. However, the overexpression of MCT4 promoted GBM cell migration and monocyte adhesion activity. Our results also revealed that MCT4-regulated GBM cell motility and monocyte adhesion are mediated by activation of the serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (AKT), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways. Moreover, hypoxia mediated the acetylated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 expression and regulated the transcriptional activity of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α in GBM cell lines. In a GBM mouse model, MCT4 was significantly increased in the tumor necrotic tissues. These findings raise the possibility for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting MCT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wei Lai
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Jung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-J.L.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Yu-Shu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-J.L.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Liang-Yo Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Laboratory for Neural Repair and Research Center for Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-Y.Y.); (D.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2253) (D.-Y.L.)
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-J.L.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-Y.Y.); (D.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2253) (D.-Y.L.)
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14
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Cantero D, Mollejo M, Sepúlveda JM, D'Haene N, Gutiérrez-Guamán MJ, Rodríguez de Lope Á, Fiaño C, Castresana JS, Lebrun L, Rey JA, Salmon I, Meléndez B, Hernández-Laín A. TP53, ATRX alterations, and low tumor mutation load feature IDH-wildtype giant cell glioblastoma despite exceptional ultra-mutated tumors. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdz059. [PMID: 32642724 PMCID: PMC7212869 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdz059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Giant cell glioblastoma (gcGBM) is a rare morphological variant of IDH-wildtype (IDHwt) GBM that occurs in young adults and have a slightly better prognosis than "classic" IDHwt GBM. Methods We studied 36 GBMs, 14 with a histopathological diagnosis of gcGBM and 22 with a giant cell component. We analyzed the genetic profile of the most frequently mutated genes in gliomas and assessed the tumor mutation load (TML) by gene-targeted next-generation sequencing. We validated our findings using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. Results p53 was altered by gene mutation or protein overexpression in all cases, while driver IDH1, IDH2, BRAF, or H3F3A mutations were infrequent or absent. Compared to IDHwt GBMs, gcGBMs had a significant higher frequency of TP53, ATRX, RB1, and NF1 mutations, while lower frequency of EGFR amplification, CDKN2A deletion, and TERT promoter mutation. Almost all tumors had low TML values. The high TML observed in only 2 tumors was consistent with POLE and MSH2 mutations. In the histopathological review of TCGA IDHwt, TP53-mutant tumors identified giant cells in 37% of the cases. Considering our series and that of the TCGA, patients with TP53-mutant gcGBMs had better overall survival than those with TP53wt GBMs (log-rank test, P < .002). Conclusions gcGBMs have molecular features that contrast to "classic" IDHwt GBMs: unusually frequent ATRX mutations and few EGFR amplifications and CDKN2A deletions, especially in tumors with a high number of giant cells. TML is frequently low, although exceptional high TML suggests a potential for immune checkpoint therapy in some cases, which may be relevant for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cantero
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology) and Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela Mollejo
- Department of Pathology, Virgen de la Salud Hospital, Toledo, Spain
| | - Juan M Sepúlveda
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicky D'Haene
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Myriam J Gutiérrez-Guamán
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology) and Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Javier S Castresana
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laetitia Lebrun
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Juan A Rey
- IdiPaz Research Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabelle Salmon
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bárbara Meléndez
- Department of Pathology, Virgen de la Salud Hospital, Toledo, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aurelio Hernández-Laín
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology) and Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Cantero D, Rodríguez de Lope Á, Moreno de la Presa R, Sepúlveda JM, Borrás JM, Castresana JS, D'Haene N, García JF, Salmon I, Mollejo M, Rey JA, Hernández-Laín A, Meléndez B. Molecular Study of Long-Term Survivors of Glioblastoma by Gene-Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2019; 77:710-716. [PMID: 30010995 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant adult primary brain tumor. Despite its high lethality, a small proportion of patients have a relatively long overall survival (OS). Here we report a study of a series of 74 GBM samples from 29 long-term survivors ([LTS] OS ≥36 months) and 45 non-LTS. Using next-generation sequencing, we analyzed genetic alterations in the genes most frequently altered in gliomas. Approximately 20% of LTS had a mutation in the IDH1 or IDH2 (IDH) genes, denoting the relevance of this molecular prognostic factor. A new molecular group of GBMs harbored alterations in ATRX or DAXX genes in the absence of driver IDH or H3F3A mutations. These patients tended to have a slightly better prognosis, to be younger at diagnosis, and to present frontal or temporal tumors, and, morphologically, to present giant tumor cells. A significant fraction of LTS GBM patients had tumors with 1 or more alterations in the relevant GBM signaling pathways (RTK/PI3K, TP53 and RB1). In these patients, the PDGFRA alteration is suggested to be a favorable molecular factor. Our findings here are relevant for developing future targeted therapies and for identifying molecular prognostic factors in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juan M Sepúlveda
- Department of Medical Oncology, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Borrás
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ciudad Real University Hospital, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Javier S Castresana
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nicky D'Haene
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Juan F García
- Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabelle Salmon
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Manuela Mollejo
- Department of Pathology, Virgen de la Salud Hospital, Toledo, Spain
| | - Juan A Rey
- IdiPaz Research Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Bárbara Meléndez
- Department of Pathology, Virgen de la Salud Hospital, Toledo, Spain
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16
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Álvarez-Garcia V, Tawil Y, Wise HM, Leslie NR. Mechanisms of PTEN loss in cancer: It's all about diversity. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:66-79. [PMID: 30738865 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PTEN is a phosphatase which metabolises PIP3, the lipid product of PI 3-Kinase, directly opposing the activation of the oncogenic PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling network. Accordingly, loss of function of the PTEN tumour suppressor is one of the most common events observed in many types of cancer. Although the mechanisms by which PTEN function is disrupted are diverse, the most frequently observed events are deletion of a single gene copy of PTEN and gene silencing, usually observed in tumours with little or no PTEN protein detectable by immunohistochemistry. Accordingly, with the exceptions of glioblastoma and endometrial cancer, mutations of the PTEN coding sequence are uncommon (<10%) in most types of cancer. Here we review the data relating to PTEN loss in seven common tumour types and discuss mechanisms of PTEN regulation, some of which appear to contribute to reduced PTEN protein levels in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Álvarez-Garcia
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Yasmine Tawil
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Helen M Wise
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Nicholas R Leslie
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
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17
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Yang K, Jung SW, Shin H, Lim DH, Lee JI, Kong DS, Seol HJ, Kim ST, Nam DH. Cancer genetic markers according to radiotherapeutic response in patients with primary glioblastoma – Radiogenomic approach for precision medicine. Radiother Oncol 2019; 131:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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18
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Abedalthagafi M, Barakeh D, Foshay KM. Immunogenetics of glioblastoma: the future of personalized patient management. NPJ Precis Oncol 2018; 2:27. [PMID: 30534602 PMCID: PMC6279755 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-018-0070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of glioblastoma has changed little over the past two decades, with only minor improvements in length of overall survival through the addition of temozolomide (temodal) to standard of care and the recommended use of alternating electric field therapy (optune) to newly diagnosed patients. In an effort to define novel therapeutic targets across molecularly heterogeneous disease subgroups, researchers have begun to uncover the complex interplay between epigenetics, cell signaling, metabolism, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Indeed, IDH mutations are now recognized as a defining differential factor not only influencing global hypermethylation and patient prognosis but also degree of immune infiltration within individual tumors. Likewise, next-generation sequencing has defined subgroup-specific transcriptional profiles that correlate with different mechanisms of immune evasion, including increased PD-L1 and CTLA-4 among mesenchymal tumors. Interestingly, sequencing of the T cell repertoire from numerous patient samples suggests that the correlation between mutational burden and enrichment of tumor-specific peptides may be less convincing than originally suspected. While this raises questions over the efficacy of dendritic cell or tumor-lysate vaccines and CAR-T therapies, these avenues continue to be explored. In addition to these active immunotherapies, inhibitors of molecular hubs with wide reaching effects, including STAT3, IDO, and TGF-β, are now in early-phase clinical trials. With the potential to block intrinsic biological properties of tumor growth and invasion while bolstering the immunogenic profile of the tumor microenvironment, these new targets represent a new direction for GBM therapies. In this review, we show the advances in molecular profiling and immunophenotyping of GBM, which may lead to the development of new personalized therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Abedalthagafi
- 1Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,2Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Duna Barakeh
- 1Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kara M Foshay
- Inova Neuroscience and Spine Institute, Inova Health Systems, Falls Church, VA USA
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19
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Karnam S, Kottu R, Chowhan AK, Bodepati PC. Expression of p53 & epidermal growth factor receptor in glioblastoma. Indian J Med Res 2018; 146:738-745. [PMID: 29664032 PMCID: PMC5926345 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1179_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Glioblastoma (GB) is the most frequent brain tumour, manifesting at any age, with a peak incidence between 45 and 75 years. Primary and secondary GBs constitute relatively distinct disease entities in evolution, in expression profiles and in therapeutic response. Histopathologically, primary and secondary GBs are indistinguishable. The aim of this investigation was to study the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in GB with the objective of categorizing the morphological variants of GB into primary and secondary based on the presence of low-grade areas and knowing the variable expression of p53 and EGFR in primary and secondary GB. Methods: A total of 28 patients with GB were studied and categorized into primary and secondary based on the presence of low-grade areas, i.e. discernible astrocytic morphology, gemistocyte and oligodendroglia. Tumours with the presence of combination of the above features or any one of the above features were taken as secondary GB, whereas tumours with highly pleomorphic areas were considered as primary GB. IHC was done on the representative tissue blocks for p53 and EGFR. Results: Majority of the patients were in the fifth and sixth decades of life with a mean age of 46.96±13 yr with male preponderance (male:female 2.5:1). Mean age of presentation was 48.93±12 yr in primary and 44.69±15 yr in secondary GB. All cases of GB were classified into primary (53.57%) and secondary (46.43%) based on morphology. EGFR was more frequently expressed than p53. Based on IHC, 50 per cent of cases were classified into primary, three per cent into secondary and 47 per cent as unclassified. Interpretation & conclusions: Histopathological features, i.e. presence of low-grade areas, may play a role in classifying GB into primary and secondary. EGFR has a pivotal role in gliomagenesis. Combination of p53 and EGFR alone may not be sufficient to clarify GB into primary and secondary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Karnam
- Department of Pathology & Neurosurgery, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, India
| | - Radhika Kottu
- Department of Pathology & Neurosurgery, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, India
| | - Amit Kumar Chowhan
- Department of Pathology & Neurosurgery, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, India
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Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein and a member of the tyrosine kinase superfamily receptor. Gliomas are tumors originating from glial cells, which show a range of aggressiveness depending on grade and stage. Many EGFR gene alterations have been identified in gliomas, especially glioblastomas, including amplifications, deletions and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Glioblastomas are discussed as a separate entity due to their high correlation with EGFR mutants and the reported association of the latter with survival and response to treatment in this glioma subgroup. This review is a comprehensive report of EGFR gene alterations and their relations with several clinical factors in glioblastomas and other gliomas. It covers all EGFR gene alterations including point mutations, SNPs, methylations, copy number variations and amplifications, assessed with regard to different clinical variables, including response to therapy and survival. This review also discusses the current prognostic status of EGFR in glioblastomas and other gliomas, and highlights gaps in previous studies. This serves as an update for the medical community about the role of EGFR gene alterations in gliomas and specifically glioblastomas, as a means for targeted treatment and prognosis.
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Figueroa JM, Skog J, Akers J, Li H, Komotar R, Jensen R, Ringel F, Yang I, Kalkanis S, Thompson R, LoGuidice L, Berghoff E, Parsa A, Liau L, Curry W, Cahill D, Bettegowda C, Lang FF, Chiocca EA, Henson J, Kim R, Breakefield X, Chen C, Messer K, Hochberg F, Carter BS. Detection of wild-type EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII mutation in CSF-derived extracellular vesicles of glioblastoma patients. Neuro Oncol 2018; 19:1494-1502. [PMID: 28453784 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background RNAs within extracellular vesicles (EVs) have potential as diagnostic biomarkers for patients with cancer and are identified in a variety of biofluids. Glioblastomas (GBMs) release EVs containing RNA into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Here we describe a multi-institutional study of RNA extracted from CSF-derived EVs of GBM patients to detect the presence of tumor-associated amplifications and mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Methods CSF and matching tumor tissue were obtained from patients undergoing resection of GBMs. We determined wild-type (wt)EGFR DNA copy number amplification, as well as wtEGFR and EGFR variant (v)III RNA expression in tumor samples. We also characterized wtEGFR and EGFRvIII RNA expression in CSF-derived EVs. Results EGFRvIII-positive tumors had significantly greater wtEGFR DNA amplification (P = 0.02) and RNA expression (P = 0.03), and EGFRvIII-positive CSF-derived EVs had significantly more wtEGFR RNA expression (P = 0.004). EGFRvIII was detected in CSF-derived EVs for 14 of the 23 EGFRvIII tissue-positive GBM patients. Conversely, only one of the 48 EGFRvIII tissue-negative patients had the EGFRvIII mutation detected in their CSF-derived EVs. These results yield a sensitivity of 61% and a specificity of 98% for the utility of CSF-derived EVs to detect an EGFRvIII-positive GBM. Conclusion Our results demonstrate CSF-derived EVs contain RNA signatures reflective of the underlying molecular genetic status of GBMs in terms of wtEGFR expression and EGFRvIII status. The high specificity of the CSF-derived EV diagnostic test gives us an accurate determination of positive EGFRvIII tumor status and is essentially a less invasive "liquid biopsy" that might direct mutation-specific therapies for GBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier M Figueroa
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Johan Skog
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Johnny Akers
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hongying Li
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ricardo Komotar
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Randy Jensen
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Florian Ringel
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Isaac Yang
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven Kalkanis
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Reid Thompson
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lori LoGuidice
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emily Berghoff
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew Parsa
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Linda Liau
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William Curry
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel Cahill
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chetan Bettegowda
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Frederick F Lang
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - E Antonio Chiocca
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Henson
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan Kim
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xandra Breakefield
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Clark Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen Messer
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fred Hochberg
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bob S Carter
- Division of Neurosurgery and Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, California, USA; Exosome Diagnostics, Inc, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Neurochirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Munchen, Germany; Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurosurgery, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Li B, Zhao W, Li J, Yan M, Xie Z, Zhu Y, Chen C, Jin T. Effect of epidermal growth factor receptor gene polymorphisms on prognosis in glioma patients. Oncotarget 2018; 7:63054-63064. [PMID: 27437777 PMCID: PMC5325346 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are associated with risk of glioma. However, the associations between these SNPs and glioma patient prognosis have not yet been fully investigated. Therefore, the present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of EGFR polymorphisms on the glioma patient prognosis. We retrospectively evaluated 269 glioma patients and investigated associations between EGFR SNPs and patient prognosis using Cox proportional hazard models and Kaplan-Meier curves. Univariate analysis revealed that age, gross-total resection and chemotherapy were associated with the prognosis of glioma patients (p < 0.05). In addition, four EGFR SNPs (rs11506105, rs3752651, rs1468727 and rs845552) correlated with overall survival (OS) (Log-rank p = 0.011, 0.020, 0.008, and 0.009, respectively) and progression-free survival PFS (Log-rank p = 0.026, 0.024, 0.019 and 0.009, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that the rs11506105 G/G genotype, the rs3752651 and rs1468727 C/C genotype and the rs845552 A/A genotype correlated inversely with OS and PFS. In addition, OS among patients with the rs730437 C/C genotype (p = 0.030) was significantly lower OS than among patients with A/A genotype. These data suggest that five EGFR SNPs (rs11506105, rs3752651, rs1468727, rs845552 and rs730437) correlated with glioma patient prognosis, and should be furthered validated in studies of ethnically diverse patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jingjie Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Mengdan Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Zhilan Xie
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Chao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.,Xi'an Tiangen Precision Medical Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China
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Frequency and clinical significance of chromosome 7 and 10 aneuploidies, amplification of the EGFR gene, deletion of PTEN and TP53 genes, and 1p/19q deficiency in a sample of adult patients diagnosed with glioblastoma from Southern Brazil. J Neurooncol 2017; 135:465-472. [PMID: 28856550 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-017-2606-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma stands out as the most frequent central nervous system neoplasia, presenting a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to verify the frequency and clinical significance of the aneuploidy of chromosomes 7 and 10, EGFR amplification, PTEN and TP53 deletions and 1p/19q deficiency in adult patients diagnosed with glioblastoma. The sample consisted of 40 patients treated from November 2011 to March 2015 at two major neurosurgery services from Southern Brazil. Molecular cytogenetic analyses of the tumor were performed through fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). The clinical features evaluated consisted of age, sex, tumor location, clinical symptoms, family history of cancer, type of resection and survival. The mean age of the patients was 59.3 years (ranged from 41 to 83). Most of them were males (70%). The median survival was 145 days. Chromosome 10 monosomy was detected in 52.5% of the patients, chromosome 7 polysomy in 50%, EGFR amplification in 42.5%, PTEN deletion in 35%, TP53 deletion in 22.5%, 1p deletion in 5% and 19q deletion in 7.5%. Age was shown to be a prognostic factor, and patients with lower age presented higher survival (p = 0.042). TP53 and PTEN deletions had a negative impact on survival (p = 0.011 and p = 0.037, respectively). Our data suggest that TP53 and PTEN deletions may be associated with a poorer prognosis. These findings may have importance over prognosis determination and choice of the therapy to be administered.
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MiR-181b modulates EGFR-dependent VCAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion in glioblastoma. Oncogene 2017; 36:5006-5022. [PMID: 28459461 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) originate as circulating monocytes, and are recruited to gliomas, where they facilitate tumor growth and migration. Understanding the interaction between TAM and cancer cells may identify therapeutic targets for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is a cytokine-induced adhesion molecule expressed on the surface of cancer cells, which is involved in interactions with immune cells. Analysis of the glioma patient database and tissue immunohistochemistry showed that VCAM-1 expression correlated with the clinico-pathological grade of gliomas. Here, we found that VCAM-1 expression correlated positively with monocyte adhesion to GBM, and knockdown of VCAM-1 abolished the enhancement of monocyte adhesion. Importantly, upregulation of VCAM-1 is dependent on epidermal-growth-factor-receptor (EGFR) expression, and inhibition of EGFR effectively reduced VCAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion activity. Moreover, GBM possessing higher EGFR levels (U251 cells) had higher VCAM-1 levels compared to GBMs with lower levels of EGFR (GL261 cells). Using two- and three-dimensional cultures, we found that monocyte adhesion to GBM occurs via integrin α4β1, which promotes tumor growth and invasion activity. Increased proliferation and tumor necrosis factor-α and IFN-γ levels were also observed in the adherent monocytes. Using a genetic modification approach, we demonstrated that VCAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion were regulated by the miR-181 family, and lower levels of miR-181b correlated with high-grade glioma patients. Our results also demonstrated that miR-181b/protein phosphatase 2A-modulated SP-1 de-phosphorylation, which mediated the EGFR-dependent VCAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion to GBM. We also found that the EGFR-dependent VCAM-1 expression is mediated by the p38/STAT3 signaling pathway. Our study suggested that VCAM-1 is a critical modulator of EGFR-dependent interaction of monocytes with GBM, which raises the possibility of developing effective and improved therapies for GBM.
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Methyl Guanine Methyl Transferase Methylation Status and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor expression in a cohort of Egyptian glioblastoma patients. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1097/01.xej.0000511094.91402.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhao LL, Xu KL, Wang SW, Hu BL, Chen LR. Pathological significance of epidermal growth factor receptor expression and amplification in human gliomas. Histopathology 2016; 61:726-36. [PMID: 22978472 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2012.04354.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and amplification in gliomas and to assess their association with survival. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in-situ hybridization were performed to analyse EGFR status in 158 cases of primary glioma. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to analyse the prognosis of patients. Overexpression of EGFR and expression of EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) were found in 102 cases (64.6%) and 47 cases (29.7%), respectively. Overexpression of EGFR was significantly correlated with World Health Organization (WHO) grade and Karnofsky performance score (KPS) (both P < 0.05). Expression of EGFRvIII was significantly correlated with WHO grade, gender, age, and KPS (all P < 0.05). EGFR amplification was found in 46 cases (29.1%), and was significantly correlated with WHO grade, age, KPS and EGFR overexpression (all P < 0.05). Cox multifactor analysis showed that EGFR amplification was an independent unfavourable prognostic factor for human gliomas at all ages, and EGFRvIII was an independent prognostic factor in patients older than 60 years. CONCLUSION EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII expression were associated with an unfavourable prognosis for patients of all ages, and for those older than 60 years, respectively. The differing significance of EGFR status in young and old glioma patients and its impact on prognosis needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-li Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of Pathology, Department of Basic Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi Province, China
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Samal F, Stanek L, Filip M, Haninec P, Vícha A, Musil Z, Tesarova P, Petruzelka L, Springer D, Kralickova M, Kohoutova M, Zima T. Complete diagnostics and clinical approach for a female patient with unusual glioblastoma: A case study. Mol Clin Oncol 2016; 5:161-164. [PMID: 27330791 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2016.891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study reports a case of a 44-year-old female patient with a large frontal lobe tumor who underwent surgery using a modern navigation system SonoWand that combines the advantages of a non-frame navigation system with intraoperative real-time ultrasound imaging. The right frontal lobe tumor consisted of two morphologically different sections. A diffuse astrocytoma grade II and a glioblastoma grade IV were identified. These tumors were relatively substantially separated. A 17 p deletion, including TP53, was detected in a diffuse astrocytoma but not in a glioblastoma. EGFR and MDM2 amplifications were detected only in a glioblastoma. Detection of these amplifications is typical for primary glioblastomas. These findings support our assumption of two independent tumors. The KRAS, BRAF and EGFR gene mutations were also detected in a glioblastoma. Such an accumulation of molecular mutations is rare in one tumor. Following oncological treatment the patient was cared for in the oncological center and survived for 15 months after the surgery without any signs of a disease. This is an unusual case, and to the best of our knowledge, is not frequently published in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Samal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, 100 34 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Stanek
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 301 66 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Filip
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, 100 34 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Haninec
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, 100 34 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Vícha
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 150 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Musil
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 150 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Tesarova
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Lubos Petruzelka
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Drahomira Springer
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Milena Kralickova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 301 66 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Milada Kohoutova
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Zima
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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28
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Zhang JF, Chen Y, Lin GS, Zhang JD, Tang WL, Huang JH, Chen JS, Wang XF, Lin ZX. High IFIT1 expression predicts improved clinical outcome, and IFIT1 along with MGMT more accurately predicts prognosis in newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Hum Pathol 2016; 52:136-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Karsy M, Neil JA, Guan J, Mahan MA, Mark MA, Colman H, Jensen RL. A practical review of prognostic correlations of molecular biomarkers in glioblastoma. Neurosurg Focus 2015; 38:E4. [PMID: 25727226 DOI: 10.3171/2015.1.focus14755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive efforts in research and therapeutics, achieving longer survival for patients with glioblastoma (GBM) remains a formidable challenge. Furthermore, because of rapid advances in the scientific understanding of GBM, communication with patients regarding the explanations and implications of genetic and molecular markers can be difficult. Understanding the important biomarkers that play a role in GBM pathogenesis may also help clinicians in educating patients about prognosis, potential clinical trials, and monitoring response to treatments. This article aims to provide an up-to-date review that can be discussed with patients regarding common molecular markers, namely O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2), p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and 1p/19q. The importance of the distinction between a prognostic and a predictive biomarker as well as clinical trials regarding these markers and their relevance to clinical practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Karsy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center; and
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Furgason JM, Koncar RF, Michelhaugh SK, Sarkar FH, Mittal S, Sloan AE, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Bahassi EM. Whole genome sequence analysis links chromothripsis to EGFR, MDM2, MDM4, and CDK4 amplification in glioblastoma. Oncoscience 2015; 2:618-28. [PMID: 26328271 PMCID: PMC4549359 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings based on recent advances in next-generation sequence analysis suggest that, in some tumors, a single catastrophic event, termed chromothripsis, results in several simultaneous tumorigenic alterations. Previous studies have suggested that glioblastoma (GBM) may exhibit chromothripsis at a higher rate (39%) than other tumors (9%). Primary glioblastoma is an aggressive form of brain cancer that typically appears suddenly in older adults. With aggressive treatment, the median survival time is only 15 months. Their acute onset and widespread genomic instability indicates that chromothripsis may play a key role in their initiation and progression. GBMs are often characterized by EGFR amplification, CDKN2A and PTEN deletion, although approximately 20% of GBMs harbor additional amplifications in MDM2 or MDM4 with CDK4. METHODS We used the chromothripsis prediction tool, Shatterproof, in conjunction with a custom whole genome sequence analysis pipeline in order to generate putative regions of chromothripsis. The data derived from this study was further expanded on using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis and susceptibility studies with colony formation assays. RESULTS We show that primary GBMs are associated with higher chromothripsis scores and establish a link between chromothripsis and gene amplification of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), as well as modulators of the TP53 and RB1 pathways. CONCLUSIONS Utilizing a newly introduced bioinformatic tool, we provide evidence that chromothripsis is associated with the formation of amplicons containing several oncogenes involved in key pathways that are likely essential for post-chromothriptic cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Furgason
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology and UC Brain Tumor Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati OH, USA
| | - Robert F Koncar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology and UC Brain Tumor Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati OH, USA
| | - Sharon K Michelhaugh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University College of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sandeep Mittal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Andrew E Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA ; Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - El Mustapha Bahassi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology and UC Brain Tumor Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati OH, USA
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31
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Abdullah KG, Ramayya A, Thawani JP, Macyszyn L, Martinez-Lage M, O’Rourke DM, Brem S. Factors associated with increased survival after surgical resection of glioblastoma in octogenarians. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127202. [PMID: 25978638 PMCID: PMC4433248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Elderly patients with glioblastoma represent a clinical challenge for neurosurgeons and oncologists. The data available on outcomes of patients greater than 80 undergoing resection is limited. In this study, factors linked to increased survival in patients over the age of 80 were analyzed. A retrospective chart review of all patients over the age of 80 with a new diagnosis of glioblastoma and who underwent surgical resection with intent for maximal resection were examined. Patients who had only stereotactic biopsies were excluded. Immunohistochemical expression of oncogenic drivers (p53, EGFR, IDH-1) and a marker of cell proliferation (Ki-67 index) performed upon routine neuropathological examination were recorded. Stepwise logistic regression and Kaplan Meier survival curves were plotted to determine correlations to overall survival. Fifty-eight patients fit inclusion criteria with a mean age of 83 (range 80–93 years). The overall median survival was 4.2 months. There was a statistically significant correlation between Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) and overall survival (P < 0.05). There was a significantly longer survival among patients undergoing either radiation alone or radiation and chemotherapy compared to those who underwent no postoperative adjuvant therapy (p < 0.05). There was also an association between overall survival and lack of p53 expression (p < 0.001) and lack of EGFR expression (p <0.05). In this very elderly population, overall survival advantage was conferred to those with higher preoperative KPS, postoperative adjuvant therapy, and lack of protein expression of EGFR and p53. These findings may be useful in clinical decision analysis for management of patients with glioblastoma who are octogenarians, and also validate the critical role of EGFR and p53 expression in oncogenesis, particularly with advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalil G. Abdullah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ashwin Ramayya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jayesh P. Thawani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lukasz Macyszyn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Maria Martinez-Lage
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Donald M. O’Rourke
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Steven Brem
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Thuy MN, Kam JK, Lee GC, Tao PL, Ling DQ, Cheng M, Goh SK, Papachristos AJ, Shukla L, Wall KL, Smoll NR, Jones JJ, Gikenye N, Soh B, Moffat B, Johnson N, Drummond KJ. A novel literature-based approach to identify genetic and molecular predictors of survival in glioblastoma multiforme: Analysis of 14,678 patients using systematic review and meta-analytical tools. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22:785-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Molecular classification defines 4 prognostically distinct glioma groups irrespective of diagnosis and grade. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2015; 74:241-9. [PMID: 25668564 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0000000000000167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
According to World Health Organization criteria, diffuse gliomas are divided into several histological subtypes, including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and oligoastrocytomas, and 4 malignancy grades (I-IV). Molecular alterations, such as the isocitrate dehydrogenase gene (IDH) mutation or 1p/19q loss, are found in these tumors but are not included in the current classification system. Recently, mutation of α thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) gene and its loss of expression have been reported in infiltrating gliomas. We evaluated ATRX protein expression in 272 gliomas and its association with molecular and clinical features. Loss of ATRX expression was more common in tumors with an astrocytic component (astrocytomas II/III, 46.4%; oligoastrocytomas, 47.5%) but was uncommon in oligodendrogliomas (7.3%) and glioblastomas (0.9%). In astrocytic tumors, loss of ATRX expression was significantly associated with longer overall survival. Remarkably, on the basis of IDH mutation, 1p/19q codeletion, and ATRX expression, our study defined 4 molecularly and prognostically different groups of gliomas, showing the relevance of ATRX expression as a new marker for refining the molecular classification of gliomas and for distinguishing clinically distinct prognostic subgroups of patients.
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Abstract
Recent advances in molecular diagnostics have led to better understanding of glioma tumorigenesis and biology. Numerous glioma biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive value have been identified. Although some of these markers are already part of the routine clinical management of glioma patients, data regarding others are limited and difficult to apply routinely. In addition, multiple methods for molecular subclassification have been proposed either together with or as an alternative to the current morphologic classification and grading scheme. This article reviews the literature regarding glioma biomarkers and offers a few practical suggestions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melike Pekmezci
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, #M551, Box 0102, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Arie Perry
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, #M551, Box 0102, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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Aswathy J, Seethalekshmy NV, Hiran KR, Bindhu MR, Manzoor K, Nair SV, Menon D. Mn-doped zinc sulphide nanocrystals for immunofluorescent labeling of epidermal growth factor receptors on cells and clinical tumor tissues. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:445102. [PMID: 25302535 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/44/445102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The field of molecular detection and targeted imaging has evolved considerably with the introduction of fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals. Manganese-doped zinc sulphide nanocrystals (ZnS:Mn NCs), which are widely used in electroluminescent displays, have been explored for the first time for direct immunofluorescent (IF) labeling of clinical tumor tissues. ZnS:Mn NCs developed through a facile wet chemistry route were capped using amino acid cysteine, conjugated to streptavidin and thereafter coupled to biotinylated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody utilizing the streptavidin-biotin linkage. The overall conjugation yielded stable EGFR antibody conjugated ZnS:Mn NCs (EGFR ZnS:Mn NCs) with a hydrodynamic diameter of 65 ± 15 nm, and having an intense orange-red fluorescence emission at 598 nm. Specific labeling of EGF receptors on EGFR(+ve) A431 cells in a co-culture with EGFR(-ve) NIH3T3 cells was demonstrated using these nanoprobes. The primary antibody conjugated fluorescent NCs could also clearly delineate EGFR over-expressing cells on clinical tumor tissues processed by formalin fixation as well as cryopreservation with a specificity of 86% and accuracy of 88%, in comparison to immunohistochemistry. Tumor tissues labeled with EGFR ZnS:Mn NCs showed good fluorescence emission when imaged after storage even at 15 months. Thus, ZnS nanobioconjugates with dopant-dependent and stable fluorescence emission show promise as an efficient, target-specific fluorophore that would enable long term IF labeling of any antigen of interest on clinical tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Aswathy
- Amrita Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Cochin, 682 041 Kerala, India
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Zhang P, Wu SK, Wang Y, Fan ZX, Li CR, Feng M, Xu P, Wang WD, Lang JY. p53, MDM2, eIF4E and EGFR expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis: A retrospective study. Oncol Lett 2014; 9:113-118. [PMID: 25435943 PMCID: PMC4246848 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the expression of p53, mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were investigated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and the correlation between their expression and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis was analyzed. The medical records of 96 NPC patients who had undergone biopsy prior to radical radiotherapy and chemotherapy between 2005 and 2009 were reviewed, retrospectively. All patients received intensity-modulated radiotherapy with concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients were followed-up for three years. Streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of p53, MDM2, eIF4E and EGFR in NPC biopsy specimens, and the association between their expression and clinical parameters and survival was analyzed. The p53, MDM2, eIF4E and EGFR expression rates were 65.6% (63/96), 79.16% (76/96), 77.08% (74/96) and 89.5% (86/96), respectively. p53 (χ2,20.322; P=0.001) and EGFR (χ2,8.337; P=0.005) expression were found to correlate with T stage, whereas MDM2 (χ2,16.361; P=0.001) expression was found to correlate with lymph node metastasis. p53 expression was found to inversely correlate with MDM2 expression (r, −3.24; P<0.05). Three-year survival rates were lower in p53-positive (76.2%) patients when compared with p53-negative (93.9%) patients. In addition, three-year survival rates were lower in EGFR-positive (75.8%) patients than in EGFR-negative patients (91.2%). The Cox proportional-hazards regression model revealed that p53 (β,−0.455; χ2,5.491; P=0.019) and EGFR (β, 3.93; χ2, 11.95; P=0.001) expression were independent prognostic factors. Thus, it was hypothesized that p53 and EGFR expression present potential unfavorable prognostic markers for patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Song-Ke Wu
- Department of Oncology, Cangxi People's Hospital, Guangyuan, Sichuan, 618400, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Xuan Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chu-Rong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Mei Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Yi Lang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
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Sabbatino F, Fusciello C, Somma D, Pacelli R, Poudel R, Pepin D, Leonardi A, Carlomagno C, Della Vittoria Scarpati G, Ferrone S, Pepe S. Effect of p53 activity on the sensitivity of human glioblastoma cells to PARP-1 inhibitor in combination with topoisomerase I inhibitor or radiation. Cytometry A 2014; 85:953-61. [PMID: 25182801 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is involved in the DNA repairing system by sensing and signaling the presence of DNA damage. Inhibition of PARP-1 is tested in combination with DNA damaging agents such as topoisomerase I inhibitors or ionizing radiations (RT) for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). Disruption of p53, widely prevalent in GBMs, plays a major role in DNA repairing system. The current study investigates whether p53 activity has an effect on the sensitivity of human GBM cells to PARP-1 inhibitors in combination with topoisomerase I inhibitor topotecan (TPT) and/or RT. Human GBM cell lines carrying a different functional status of p53 were treated with PARP-1 inhibitor NU1025, in combination with TPT and/or RT. Cytotoxic effects were examined by analyzing the antiproliferative activity, the cell cycle perturbations, and the DNA damage induced by combined treatments. PARP inhibition enhanced the antiproliferative activity, the cell cycle perturbations and the DNA damage induced by both TPT or RT in GBM cells. These effects were influenced by the p53 activity: cells carrying an active p53 were more sensitive to the combination of PARP inhibitor and RT, while cells carrying an inactive p53 displayed a higher sensitivity to the combination of PARP inhibitor and TPT. Our study suggests that p53 activity influences the differential sensitivity of GBM cells to combined treatments of TPT, RT, and PARP inhibitors. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Sabbatino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, Italy, 80131; Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
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38
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Furgason JM, Li W, Milholland B, Cross E, Li Y, McPherson CM, Warnick RE, Rixe O, Stambrook PJ, Vijg J, Bahassi EM. Whole genome sequencing of glioblastoma multiforme identifies multiple structural variations involved in EGFR activation. Mutagenesis 2014; 29:341-50. [PMID: 25103728 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geu026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Next generation sequencing has become a powerful tool in dissecting and identifying mutations and genomic structural variants that accompany tumourigenesis. Sequence analysis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) illustrates the ability to rapidly identify mutations that may affect phenotype. Approximately 50% of human GBMs overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which renders the EGFR protein a compelling therapeutic target. In brain tumours, attempts to target EGFR as a cancer therapeutic, however, have achieved little or no benefit. The mechanisms that drive therapeutic resistance to EGFR inhibitors in brain tumours are not well defined, and drug resistance contributes to the deadly and aggressive nature of the disease. Whole genome sequencing of four primary GBMs revealed multiple pathways by which EGFR protein abundance becomes deregulated in these tumours and will guide the development of new strategies for treating EGFR overexpressing tumours. Each of the four tumours displayed a different mechanism leading to increased EGFR protein levels. One mechanism is mediated by gene amplification and tandem duplication of the kinase domain. A second involves an intragenic deletion that generates a constitutively active form of the protein. A third combines the loss of a gene which encodes a protein that regulates EGFR abundance as well as an miRNA that modulates EGFR expression. A fourth mechanism entails loss of an ubiquitin ligase docking site in the C-terminal part of the protein whose absence inhibits turnover of the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Furgason
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231, Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wenge Li
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brandon Milholland
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Cross
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yaqin Li
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Christopher M McPherson
- Department of Neurosurgery and UC Brain Tumor Center, University of Cincinnati, 234 Goodman Street, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ronald E Warnick
- Department of Neurosurgery and UC Brain Tumor Center, University of Cincinnati, 234 Goodman Street, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Olivier Rixe
- GRU Cancer Center, 1411 Laney Walker Boulevard Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Peter J Stambrook
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jan Vijg
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - El Mustapha Bahassi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231, Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, USA, UC Brain Tumor Center, University of Cincinnati, 234 Goodman Street, Cincinnati, OH, USA,
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Abstract
Malignant astrocytomas constitute the most aggressive and common primary tumors of the central nervous system. The standard treatment protocol for these tumors involves maximum safe surgical resection with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Despite numerous advances in surgical techniques and adjuncts, as well as the ongoing renaissance in the genetic and molecular characterization of these tumors, malignant astrocytomas continue to be associated with poor prognosis, with median overall survival averaging 15 months for grade IV astrocytomas after standard-of-care treatment. In this article, the goals, principles, techniques, prognostic factors, and modern outcomes of malignant astrocytoma surgery are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to contemporary methods of neuronavigation and functional mapping, the prognostic significance of the extent of resection, surgically delivered adjunctive therapies, and future avenues of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli T Sayegh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Taemin Oh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Shayan Fakurnejad
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Daniel E Oyon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Orin Bloch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Andrew T Parsa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
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Activation of EGFR signaling from pilocytic astrocytomas to glioblastomas. Int J Biol Markers 2014; 29:e69-77. [PMID: 24170555 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION EGFR analyses allow for better correlation between genotype and phenotype in astrocytomas and represent an attractive therapeutic target. Most studies emphasize analyses of EGFR in glioblastomas (GBMs) but do not analyze all grades of astrocytomas (from pilocytic to GBM). The purpose of our study was to evaluate the status of EGFR (expression, deletion, and amplification) and EGFR protein expression in all grades of astrocytomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed a total of 145 surgical tumor specimens that included: 22 pilocytic astrocytomas, 22 grade II astrocytomas, 17 grade III astrocytomas and 84 GBMs. The specimens were compared to 17 non-neoplastic brain tissues obtained from epilepsy surgery. EGFR expression, EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII analyses were performed by quantitative real-time PCR, and protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS EGFR relative overexpression and EGFR amplification were observed, respectively, in 50% and 20% of astrocytomas, while EGFRvIII was only found in GBMs (34.5%, p=0.005). Amongst EGFR-amplified GBM cases, 59% also presented EGFRvIII (p<0.001). Cytoplasmic accumulation of EGFR protein was detected in 75% of astrocytomas, and 21% of the astrocytomas showed nuclear localization (p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS EGFR alterations were found in all grades of astrocytomas, from pilocytic to GBMs, while EGFRvIII was exclusively found in GBMs. These findings provide important information on the mechanisms involved in the progression of astrocytomas for determining whether EGFR status can be used for effective and specific therapy.
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Piccolo SR, Frey LJ. Clinical and molecular models of glioblastoma multiforme survival. INT J DATA MIN BIOIN 2014; 7:245-65. [PMID: 23819258 DOI: 10.1504/ijdmb.2013.053310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive form of brain cancer, results in a median survival of 12-15 months. For decades, researchers have explored the effects of clinical and molecular factors on this disease and have identified several candidate prognostic markers. In this study, we evaluated the use of multivariate classification models for differentiating between subsets of patients who survive a relatively long or short time. Data for this study came from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), a public repository containing clinical, treatment, histological and biomolecular variables for hundreds of patients. We applied variable-selection and classification algorithms in a cross-validated design and observed that predictive performance of the resulting models varied substantially across the algorithms and categories of data. The best-performing models were based on age, treatments and global DNA methylation. In this paper, we summarise our findings, discuss lessons learned in analysing TCGA data and offer recommendations for performing such analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Piccolo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 201 Presidents Circle, Salt Lake City, 84112 UT, USA.
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42
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Xu J, Li Z, Wang J, Chen H, Fang JY. Combined PTEN Mutation and Protein Expression Associate with Overall and Disease-Free Survival of Glioblastoma Patients. Transl Oncol 2014; 7:196-205.e1. [PMID: 24721394 PMCID: PMC4101389 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor commonly inactivated in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), but the prognostic significance of PTEN remains controversial. Here, we demon- strate significant prognostic value of combined PTEN mutation and expression for the survival of patients with GBM on the basis of analysis of large-scale cancer genomic data. PTEN nonsense mutations associated with sig- nificantly shorter disease-free survival and overexpression of PTEN protein linked to shorter disease-free and overall survival of patients with GBM. PTEN nonsense mutations correlated with decreased p53 and Gata3 protein levels and increased genomic instability in human GBM tissues. Expression of nonsense PTEN mutant decreased p53 and Gata3 levels, producing increased DNA damage both in vitro and in vivo. Mice carrying xenograft tumors with nonsense PTEN mutant displayed significantly shorter survival. Our data demonstrated the prognostic value of combined PTEN mutation and protein expression for patients with GBM and highlighted distinct biologic effects of nonsense and missense mutations of PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhaoli Li
- Viral Genetics Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jilin Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyan Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.
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43
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Jesionek-Kupnicka D, Szybka M, Malachowska B, Fendler W, Potemski P, Piaskowski S, Jaskolski D, Papierz W, Skowronski W, Och W, Kordek R, Zawlik I. TP53 promoter methylation in primary glioblastoma: relationship with TP53 mRNA and protein expression and mutation status. DNA Cell Biol 2014; 33:217-26. [PMID: 24506545 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2013.2201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced expression of TP53 by promoter methylation has been reported in several neoplasms. It remains unclear whether TP53 promoter methylation is associated with reduced transcriptional and protein expression in glioblastoma (GB). The aim of our work was to study the impact of TP53 methylation and mutations on TP53 mRNA level and protein expression in 42 molecularly characterized primary GB tumors. We also evaluate the impact of all molecular alterations on the overall patient survival. The frequency of TP53 promoter methylation was found in 21.4%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing such high frequency of TP53 promoter methylation in primary GB. There was no relation between TP53 promoter methylation and TP53 mRNA level (p=0.5722) and between TP53 promoter methylation and TP53 protein expression (p=0.2045). No significant associations were found between TP53 mRNA expression and mutation of TP53 gene (p=0.9076). However, significant association between TP53 mutation and TP53 protein expression was found (p=0.0016). Our data suggest that in primary GB TP53 promoter methylation does not play a role in silencing of TP53 transcriptional and protein expression and is probably regulated by other genetic and epigenetic mechanisms associated with genes involved in the TP53 pathway.
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44
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Girardini JE, Walerych D, Del Sal G. Cooperation of p53 mutations with other oncogenic alterations in cancer. Subcell Biochem 2014; 85:41-70. [PMID: 25201188 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-9211-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Following the initial findings suggesting a pro-oncogenic role for p53 point mutants, more than 30 years of research have unveiled the critical role exerted by these mutants in human cancer. A growing body of evidence, including mouse models and clinical data, has clearly demonstrated a connection between mutant p53 and the development of aggressive and metastatic tumors. Even if the molecular mechanisms underlying mutant p53 activities are still the object of intense scrutiny, it seems evident that full activation of its oncogenic role requires the functional interaction with other oncogenic alterations. p53 point mutants, with their pleiotropic effects, simultaneously activating several mechanisms of aggressiveness, are engaged in multiple cross-talk with a variety of other cancer-related processes, thus depicting a complex molecular landscape for the mutant p53 network. In this chapter revealing evidence illustrating different ways through which this cooperation may be achieved will be discussed. Considering the proposed role for mutant p53 as a driver of cancer aggressiveness, disarming mutant p53 function by uncoupling the cooperation with other oncogenic alterations, stands out as an exciting possibility for the development of novel anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier E Girardini
- Molecular Oncology Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology of Rosario, IBR-CONICET, Rosario, Argentina
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45
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Weller M, Kaulich K, Hentschel B, Felsberg J, Gramatzki D, Pietsch T, Simon M, Westphal M, Schackert G, Tonn JC, von Deimling A, Davis T, Weiss WA, Loeffler M, Reifenberger G. Assessment and prognostic significance of the epidermal growth factor receptor vIII mutation in glioblastoma patients treated with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide radiochemotherapy. Int J Cancer 2013; 134:2437-47. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology; University Hospital Zurich; and Neuroscience Center Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Kaulich
- Department of Neuropathology; University of Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bettina Hentschel
- Institute for Medical Informatics; Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Joerg Felsberg
- Department of Neuropathology; University of Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dorothee Gramatzki
- Department of Neurology; University Hospital Zurich; and Neuroscience Center Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Torsten Pietsch
- Institute of Neuropathology; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Matthias Simon
- Department of Neurosurgery; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Manfred Westphal
- Department of Neurosurgery; University of Hamburg; Hamburg Germany
| | - Gabriele Schackert
- Department of Neurosurgery; Technical University of Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Joerg C. Tonn
- Department of Neurosurgery; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology; Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | | | - William Andrew Weiss
- Departments of Neurology Pediatrics and Neurological Surgery USCF; San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics; Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- Department of Neuropathology; University of Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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46
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Esami citologico, istologico, immunoistochimico e genetico dei tumori del sistema nervoso centrale. Neurologia 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1634-7072(13)66018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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47
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Mur P, Mollejo M, Ruano Y, de Lope ÁR, Fiaño C, García JF, Castresana JS, Hernández-Laín A, Rey JA, Meléndez B. Codeletion of 1p and 19q determines distinct gene methylation and expression profiles in IDH-mutated oligodendroglial tumors. Acta Neuropathol 2013; 126:277-89. [PMID: 23689617 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-013-1130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendroglial tumors (OTs) are primary brain tumors that show variable clinical and biological behavior. The 1p/19q codeletion is frequent in these tumors, indicating a better prognosis and/or treatment response. Recently, the prognostically favorable CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in gliomas (G-CIMP+) was associated with mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH) genes, as opposed to G-CIMP- tumors, highlighting the relevance of epigenetic mechanisms. We performed a whole-genome methylation study in 46 OTs, and a gene expression study of 25 tumors, correlating the methylation and transcriptomic profiles with molecular and clinical variables. Here, we identified two different epigenetic patterns within the previously described main G-CIMP+ profile. Both IDH mutation-associated methylation profiles featured one group of OTs with 1p/19q loss (CD-CIMP+), most of which were pure oligodendrogliomas, and a second group with intact 1p/19q and frequent TP53 mutation (CIMP+), most of which exhibited a mixed histopathology. A third group of OTs lacking the CIMP profile (CIMP-), and with a wild-type IDH and an intact 1p/19q, similar to the G-CIMP- subgroup, was also observed. The three CIMP groups presented a significantly better (CD-CIMP+), intermediate (CIMP+) or worse (CIMP-) prognosis. Furthermore, transcriptomic analyses revealed CIMP-specific gene expression signatures, indicating the impact of genetic status (IDH mutation, 1p/19q codeletion, TP53 mutation) on gene expression, and pointing to candidate biomarkers. Therefore, the CIMP profiles contributed to the identification of subgroups of OTs characterized by different prognoses, histopathologies, molecular features and gene expression signatures, which may help in the classification of OTs.
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48
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Bieńkowski M, Piaskowski S, Stoczyńska-Fidelus E, Szybka M, Banaszczyk M, Witusik-Perkowska M, Jesień-Lewandowicz E, Jaskólski DJ, Radomiak-Załuska A, Jesionek-Kupnicka D, Sikorska B, Papierz W, Rieske P, Liberski PP. Screening for EGFR amplifications with a novel method and their significance for the outcome of glioblastoma patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65444. [PMID: 23762372 PMCID: PMC3675194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive tumour of the central nervous system, characterised by poor prognosis irrespective of the applied treatment. The aim of our study was to analyse whether the molecular markers of glioblastoma (i.e. TP53 and IDH1 mutations, CDKN2A deletion, EGFR amplification, chromosome 7 polysomy and EGFRvIII expression) could be associated with distinct prognosis and/or response to the therapy. Moreover, we describe a method which allows for a reliable, as well as time- and cost-effective, screening for EGFR amplification and chromosome 7 polysomy with quantitative Real-Time PCR at DNA level. In the clinical data, only the patient’s age had prognostic significance (continuous: HR = 1.04; p<0.01). At the molecular level, EGFRvIII expression was associated with a better prognosis (HR = 0.37; p = 0.04). Intriguingly, EGFR amplification was associated with a worse outcome in younger patients (HR = 3.75; p<0.01) and in patients treated with radiotherapy (HR = 2.71; p = 0.03). We did not observe any difference between the patients with the amplification treated with radiotherapy and the patients without such a treatment. Next, EGFR amplification was related to a better prognosis in combination with the homozygous CDKN2A deletion (HR = 0.12; p = 0.01), but to a poorer prognosis in combination with chromosome 7 polysomy (HR = 14.88; p = 0.01). Importantly, the results emphasise the necessity to distinguish both mechanisms of the increased EGFR gene copy number (amplification and polysomy). To conclude, although the data presented here require validation in different groups of patients, they strongly advocate the consideration of the patient’s tumour molecular characteristics in the selection of the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Bieńkowski
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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49
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Kunkle BW, Yoo C, Roy D. Reverse engineering of modified genes by Bayesian network analysis defines molecular determinants critical to the development of glioblastoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64140. [PMID: 23737970 PMCID: PMC3667850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we have identified key genes that are critical in development of astrocytic tumors. Meta-analysis of microarray studies which compared normal tissue to astrocytoma revealed a set of 646 differentially expressed genes in the majority of astrocytoma. Reverse engineering of these 646 genes using Bayesian network analysis produced a gene network for each grade of astrocytoma (Grade I-IV), and 'key genes' within each grade were identified. Genes found to be most influential to development of the highest grade of astrocytoma, Glioblastoma multiforme were: COL4A1, EGFR, BTF3, MPP2, RAB31, CDK4, CD99, ANXA2, TOP2A, and SERBP1. All of these genes were up-regulated, except MPP2 (down regulated). These 10 genes were able to predict tumor status with 96-100% confidence when using logistic regression, cross validation, and the support vector machine analysis. Markov genes interact with NFkβ, ERK, MAPK, VEGF, growth hormone and collagen to produce a network whose top biological functions are cancer, neurological disease, and cellular movement. Three of the 10 genes - EGFR, COL4A1, and CDK4, in particular, seemed to be potential 'hubs of activity'. Modified expression of these 10 Markov Blanket genes increases lifetime risk of developing glioblastoma compared to the normal population. The glioblastoma risk estimates were dramatically increased with joint effects of 4 or more than 4 Markov Blanket genes. Joint interaction effects of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 Markov Blanket genes produced 9, 13, 20.9, 26.7, 52.8, 53.2, 78.1 or 85.9%, respectively, increase in lifetime risk of developing glioblastoma compared to normal population. In summary, it appears that modified expression of several 'key genes' may be required for the development of glioblastoma. Further studies are needed to validate these 'key genes' as useful tools for early detection and novel therapeutic options for these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W. Kunkle
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Changwon Yoo
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Deodutta Roy
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Eyüpoglu IY, Buchfelder M, Savaskan NE. Surgical resection of malignant gliomas-role in optimizing patient outcome. Nat Rev Neurol 2013; 9:141-51. [PMID: 23358480 DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2012.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas represent one of the most devastating human diseases. Primary treatment of these tumours involves surgery to achieve tumour debulking, followed by a multimodal regimen of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Survival time in patients with malignant glioma has modestly increased in recent years owing to advances in surgical and intraoperative imaging techniques, as well as the systematic implementation of randomized trial-based protocols and biomarker-based stratification of patients. The role and importance of several clinical and molecular factors-such as age, Karnofsky score, and genetic and epigenetic status-that have predictive value with regard to postsurgical outcome has also been identified. By contrast, the effect of the extent of glioma resection on patient outcome has received little attention, with an 'all or nothing' approach to tumour removal still taken in surgical practice. Recent studies, however, reveal that maximal possible cytoreduction without incurring neurological deficits has critical prognostic value for patient outcome and survival. Here, we evaluate state-of-the-art surgical procedures that are used in management of malignant glioma, with a focus on assessment criteria and value of tumour reduction. We highlight key surgical factors that enable optimization of adjuvant treatment to enhance patient quality of life and improve life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker Y Eyüpoglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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