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Jiang A, Zhang Z, Qiu X, Guo Q. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ): a review of pathogenesis hypothesis and therapy strategies. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:689-708. [PMID: 38155341 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), a severe side effect caused by antiresorptive antiangiogenic medication, particularly bisphosphonates (BPs), has become a challenging disease with serious and profound effects on the physical and mental health of patients. Although it occurs with high frequency and is harmful, the exact mechanism of MRONJ remains unknown, and systematic and targeted approaches are still lacking. Maxillofacial surgeons focus on the etiology of osteonecrosis in the mandible and maxilla as well as the appropriate oral interventions for high-risk patients. Adequate nursing care and pharmacotherapy management are also crucial. This review provides a current overview of the clinicopathologic feature and research of MRONJ caused by BPs, with an emphasis on the potential mechanisms and current therapy and prevention strategies of the disease. We are of the opinion that an in-depth comprehension of the mechanisms underlying MRONJ will facilitate the development of more precise and efficacious therapeutic approaches, resulting in enhanced clinical outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuoyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Cancer Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xutong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Head and Neck Cancer Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China.
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Zhang L, Zeng Y, Zeng Y, Hu D, Liu H, Peng R, Liang X, Liu J. A rapid and sensitive method for determination of methylene-diphosphonate in rat bone using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 236:115727. [PMID: 37734256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of methylene-diphosphonate (MDP) in rat bone. This method employed derivatization of MDP and allowed rapid and sensitive quantification of MDP in rat shin bone. The analyte was extracted from the bone tissues with phosphoric acid and derivatized to MDP tetramethyl phosphonate using trimethylsilyl diazomethane (TMS-DAM). MDP tetramethyl phosphonate was then quantified by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), with high selectivity, accuracy, and precision. The total run time was 6.5 min. The lower limit of quantification was 2.00 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-assay precision (in RSD) calculated from quality control samples was less than 15%, and the accuracy was between 98.1% and 100.2%. The analytical process for the determination of MDP in rat bone is fully described, which is a pivotal step for further biomedical research on MDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqi Zhang
- XPiscoric Inc., 319 Qingpi Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Yonglong Zeng
- Chengdu Yunke Pharmaceutical CO.,LTD, 505 West Fucheng Avenue, Bldg 1 Rm 1-2302, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Chengdu Yunke Pharmaceutical CO.,LTD, 505 West Fucheng Avenue, Bldg 1 Rm 1-2302, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Dan Hu
- XPiscoric Inc., 319 Qingpi Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Hengmao Liu
- XPiscoric Inc., 319 Qingpi Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Rui Peng
- XPiscoric Inc., 319 Qingpi Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Liang
- XPiscoric Inc., 319 Qingpi Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Jianyu Liu
- XPiscoric Inc., 319 Qingpi Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.
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Wang Q, Yu Q, Zeng P, Ai W. Efficacy and Safety of Annual Infusion of Zoledronic Acid and Weekly Oral Alendronate in the Treatment of Primary Osteoporosis: A Meta-Analysis. J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 63:455-465. [PMID: 36433675 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to reveal the efficacy and safety of zoledronic acid compared with alendronate in patients with primary osteoporosis. The PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched from the establishment of each database to April 2022 for comparative studies on the topic, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies, and 2 authors individually extracted information and data concerning study design, baseline characteristics, bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers, and adverse events (AEs). We identified 8 eligible trials, including 1863 participants. Pooled estimates demonstrated that, compared with alendronate, zoledronic acid showed no significant difference in increasing the BMD of the lumbar spine after 1 year (SMD = -0.03, 95%CI -0.15 to 0.09, I2 = 0.41%) or after 2 years (SMD = 0.16, 95%CI -0.12 to 0.43, I2 = 63%), and the BMD of the total hip after 1 year (SMD = -0.08, 95%CI -0.31 to 0.14, I2 = 64%) or after 2 years (SMD = 0.05, 95%CI -0.21 to 0.32, I2 = 61%). No significant difference in improving bone turnover markers, including serum C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type-1 collagen, urine N-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type-1 collagen, and serum procollagen type-1 N-terminal propeptide, were found, whereas significantly higher total AE rates (RR = 2.27, 95%CI 1.60 to 3.21, I2 = 75%) were recorded within 3 days of infusion, but some lower AE rates, particularly of gastrointestinal AEs (RR = 0.6, 95%CI 0.44 to 0.83, I2 = 37%), were noted after 3 days of infusion. Compared with alendronate, zoledronic acid has achieved comparable therapeutic results in the treatment of primary osteoporosis in increasing BMD and reducing bone turnover marker levels. Zoledronic acid showed a better safety profile than alendronate with long-term use, especially with regards to gastrointestinal-related AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingzhen Yu
- Medical Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital & School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weipeng Ai
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Wright CS, Robling AG, Farach-Carson MC, Thompson WR. Skeletal Functions of Voltage Sensitive Calcium Channels. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2021; 19:206-221. [PMID: 33721180 PMCID: PMC8216424 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-020-00647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCCs) are ubiquitous multimeric protein complexes that are necessary for the regulation of numerous physiological processes. VSCCs regulate calcium influx and various intracellular processes including muscle contraction, neurotransmission, hormone secretion, and gene transcription, with function specificity defined by the channel's subunits and tissue location. The functions of VSCCs in bone are often overlooked since bone is not considered an electrically excitable tissue. However, skeletal homeostasis and adaptation relies heavily on VSCCs. Inhibition or deletion of VSCCs decreases osteogenesis, impairs skeletal structure, and impedes anabolic responses to mechanical loading. RECENT FINDINGS: While the functions of VSCCs in osteoclasts are less clear, VSCCs have distinct but complementary functions in osteoblasts and osteocytes. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review details the structure, function, and nomenclature of VSCCs, followed by a comprehensive description of the known functions of VSCCs in bone cells and their regulation of bone development, bone formation, and mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian S Wright
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Alexander G Robling
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Mary C Farach-Carson
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - William R Thompson
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Hedvičáková V, Žižková R, Buzgo M, Rampichová M, Filová E. The Effect of Alendronate on Osteoclastogenesis in Different Combinations of M-CSF and RANKL Growth Factors. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030438. [PMID: 33809737 PMCID: PMC8035832 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are compounds resembling the pyrophosphate structure. BPs bind the mineral component of bones. During the bone resorption by osteoclasts, nitrogen-containing BPs are released and internalized, causing an inhibition of the mevalonate pathway. As a consequence, osteoclasts are unable to execute their function. Alendronate (ALN) is a bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis. Its administration could be associated with adverse effects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate four different ALN concentrations, ranging from 10−6 to 10−10 M, in the presence of different combinations of M-CSF and RANKL, to find out the effect of low ALN concentrations on osteoclastogenesis using rat and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The cytotoxic effect of ALN was evaluated based on metabolic activity and DNA concentration measurement. The alteration in osteoclastogenesis was assessed by the activity of carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, and actin ring formation. The ALN concentration of 10−6 M was cytotoxic. Low ALN concentrations of 10−8 and 10−10 M promoted proliferation, osteoclast-like cell formation, and CA II activity. The results indicated the induction of osteoclastogenesis with low ALN concentrations. However, when high doses of ALN were administered, their cytotoxic effect was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Věra Hedvičáková
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.Ž.); (M.B.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-241-062-387
| | - Radmila Žižková
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.Ž.); (M.B.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Matěj Buzgo
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.Ž.); (M.B.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
- InoCure, Politických Vězňů 935/13, 110 00 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Michala Rampichová
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.Ž.); (M.B.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
| | - Eva Filová
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.Ž.); (M.B.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
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Sharma A, Sharma L, Goyal R. Molecular Signaling Pathways and Essential Metabolic Elements in Bone Remodeling: An Implication of Therapeutic Targets for Bone Diseases. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 22:77-104. [PMID: 32914712 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200910160404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bone is one of the dynamic tissues in the human body that undergoes continuous remodelling through subsequent actions of bone cells, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts. Several signal transduction pathways are involved in the transition of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts. These primarily include Runx2, ATF4, Wnt signaling and sympathetic signalling. The differentiation of osteoclasts is controlled by M-CSF, RANKL, and costimulatory signalling. It is well known that bone remodelling is regulated through receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand followed by binding to RANK, which eventually induces the differentiation of osteoclasts. The resorbing osteoclasts secrete TRAP, cathepsin K, MMP-9 and gelatinase to digest the proteinaceous matrix of type I collagen and form a saucer-shaped lacuna along with resorption tunnels in the trabecular bone. Osteoblasts secrete a soluble decoy receptor, osteoprotegerin that prevents the binding of RANK/RANKL and thus moderating osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, bone homeostasis is also regulated by several growth factors like, cytokines, calciotropic hormones, parathyroid hormone and sex steroids. The current review presents a correlation of the probable molecular targets underlying the regulation of bone mass and the role of essential metabolic elements in bone remodelling. Targeting these signaling pathways may help to design newer therapies for treating bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - Lalit Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - Rohit Goyal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
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Lotz EM, Lohmann CH, Boyan BD, Schwartz Z. Bisphosphonates inhibit surface-mediated osteogenesis. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:1774-1786. [PMID: 32276287 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) target osteoclasts, slowing bone resorption thus providing rationale to support osseointegration. However, BPs may negatively affect osteoblasts, impairing peri-implant bone formation. The goal of this study was to assess the effects BPs have on surface-mediated osteogenesis of osteoblasts. MG63 cells were cultured on 15-mm grade 2 titanium disks: smooth, hydrophobic-microrough, or hydrophilic-microrough (Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland). Tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) was used as a control. At confluence, cells were treated with 0, 10-8 , 10-7 , and 10-6 M of alendronate, zoledronate, or ibandronate for 24 hr. Sprague Dawley rats were also treated with 1 μg/kg/day ibandronate or phosphate-buffered saline control for 5 weeks. Calvarial osteoblasts (rat osteoblasts [rOBs]) were isolated, characterized, and cultured on surfaces. Osteogenic markers in the media were quantified using ELISAs. BP treatment reduced osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, bone morphogenetic protein-2, prostaglandin E2 , transforming growth factor β1, interleukin 10, and vascular endothelial growth factor in MG63 cells. The effect was more robust on rough surfaces, and higher concentrations of BPs stunted production to TCPS/PT levels. Ibandronate conditioned rOBs produced less osteogenic markers similar to direct BP treatment. These results suggest that BP exposure jeopardizes the pro-osteogenic response osteoblasts have to microstructured surfaces. Their effects persist in vivo and negatively condition osteoblast response in vitro. Clinically, BPs could compromise osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan M Lotz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Christoph H Lohmann
- Department of Orthopaedics, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Barbara D Boyan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zvi Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Cheng X, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Xue Y, Gao X, Wang J, Pei X, Wan Q. Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Encapsulating Risedronate Synergistically Enhances Osteogenic and Antiresorptive Properties for Bone Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2186-2197. [PMID: 33455339 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are routinely administered for the treatment of turnover bone diseases. To avoid the undesirable adverse effects of long-term usage of bisphosphonates and improve their bioavailability in the bone microenvironment, we initially encapsulated risedronate (RIS) molecules inside nanoscale zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 particles (nZIF-8) by a one-step synthesis method to generate RIS@ZIF-8 nanoparticles. RIS@ZIF-8 nanoparticles displayed high loading encapsulation efficiency (64.21 ± 2.48%), good biocompatibility, controlled drug release capacity, and dual effects for bone regeneration. This work explored the potential of RIS@ZIF-8 nanoparticles, which could not only enhance ATP production, induce extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization, and upregulate the expression levels of osteogenic genes but also effectively inhibit the formation of multinucleated giant osteocasts and decrease the Rankl/Opg ratio. Overall, RIS@ZIF-8 nanoparticles could be a very promising approach to synergistically enhance osteogenic and antiresorptive properties for bone regeneration, which could be utilized for the local treatment of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinting Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yiyuan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaomeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xibo Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qianbing Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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The effect of two locally administered anti-resorptive agents on bone regeneration in a rat fibula model: Alendronate and 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2019; 47:1758-1766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Cai G, Laslett LL, Aitken D, Cicuttini F, March L, Hill C, Winzenberg T, Jones G. Zoledronic acid plus methylprednisolone versus zoledronic acid or placebo in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2019; 11:1759720X19880054. [PMID: 31692649 PMCID: PMC6811759 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x19880054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of zoledronic acid (ZA) plus intravenous methylprednisolone (VOLT01) to ZA, and placebo for knee osteoarthritis. Methods A single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) was carried out. Adults (aged ⩾50 years) with knee osteoarthritis, significant knee pain [⩾40 mm on a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS)], and magnetic resonance imaging-detected bone marrow lesion (BML) were randomized to receive a one-off administration of VOLT01, ZA, or placebo. The primary hypothesis was that VOLT01 was superior to ZA in having a lower incidence of acute phase responses (APRs) over 3 days. Secondary hypotheses were that VOLT01 was noninferior to ZA, and both treatments were superior to placebo in decreasing BML size over 6 months and in improving knee pain [Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and VAS] and function (WOMAC) over 3 and 6 months. Results A total of 117 patients (62.2 ± 8.1 years, 63 women) were enrolled. The incidence of APRs was similar in the VOLT01 (90%) and ZA (87%) groups (p = 0.74). VOLT01 was superior to ZA in improving knee pain and function after 6 months and noninferior to ZA in reducing BML size. However, BML size change was small in all groups and there were no between-group differences. Compared with placebo, VOLT01 but not ZA improved knee function and showed a trend toward improving knee pain after 6 months. Conclusions Administering intravenous methylprednisolone with ZA did not reduce APRs or change knee BML size over 6 months, but in contrast to ZA or placebo, it may have a beneficial effect on symptoms in knee osteoarthritis. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12613000039785.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Cai
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Laura L Laslett
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Dawn Aitken
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Flavia Cicuttini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lyn March
- Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Catherine Hill
- Department of Rheumatology, the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tania Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
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11
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Physiological concentrations of denosumab enhance osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells of the jaw bone. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 101:23-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Lotz EM, Cohen DJ, Ellis RA, Wayne JS, Schwartz Z, Boyan BD. Ibandronate Treatment Before and After Implant Insertion Impairs Osseointegration in Aged Rats with Ovariectomy Induced Osteoporosis. JBMR Plus 2019; 3:e10184. [PMID: 31372590 PMCID: PMC6659452 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive decreases in bone volume (BV) and bone mineral density (BMD) can lead to osteoporosis, potentially hindering implant osseointegration. Bisphosphonates are commonly used to combat osteoporosis by slowing osteoclast-mediated resorption; however, functional osteoclasts are integral to bone remodeling and, thus, implant osseointegration, potentially contraindicating bisphosphonate use during implantation. To optimize the use of implant technologies in patients with compromised bone structure and metabolism, we need a more complete understanding of the biological response to surface design. The goal of this study was to assess the effects of osteoporosis and bisphosphonates on osseointegration of titanium (Ti) implants with microstructured surfaces, which have been shown to support osteoblast differentiation in vitro and rapid osseointegration in vivo. Forty, 8-month-old, virgin, female CD Sprague Dawley rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) or sham (SHOVX) surgery. After 5 weeks, animals were injected subcutaneously with either the bisphosphonate (BIS), Ibandronate (25 µg/kg), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) every 25 days. 1 week after the initial injection, Ø2.5mm × 3.5mm microrough (SLA; grit-blasted/acid etched) implants were placed transcortically in the distal metaphysis of each femur resulting in four groups: 1) SHOVX+PBS; 2) SHOVX+BIS; 3) OVX+PBS; and 4) OVX+BIS. After 28d, qualitative properties of the bone and implant osseointegration were assessed using micro-computed tomography (microCT), calcified histomorphometry (Van Gieson's stain), and removal torque testing. microCT revealed decreased bone volume in OVX rats, which was slowed by bisphosphonate treatment. Reduced bone-to-implant contact (BIC) was evident in OVX+PBS compared to SHOVX+PBS. Although BV/TV was increased in OVX+BIS compared to OVX+PBS, bisphosphonate treatment had no effect on BIC. Removal torque testing revealed a higher maximum torque, torsional stiffness, and torsional energy in SHOVX compared to OVX with no effects due to bisphosphonate treatment. Our results show that osseointegration is decreased in osteoporotic animals. Ibandronate halts the progression of osteoporosis but does not enhance osseointegration. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan M Lotz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284 USA
| | - David J Cohen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284 USA
| | - Regan A Ellis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284 USA
| | - Jennifer S Wayne
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284 USA
| | - Zvi Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284 USA.,Department of Periodontics University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78229 USA
| | - Barbara D Boyan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284 USA.,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
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13
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Yamaza H, Sonoda S, Nonaka K, Kukita T, Yamaza T. Pamidronate decreases bilirubin-impaired cell death and improves dentinogenic dysfunction of stem cells from human deciduous teeth. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:303. [PMID: 30409185 PMCID: PMC6225573 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperbilirubinemia that occurs in pediatric liver diseases such as biliary atresia can result in the development of not only jaundice in the brain, eyes, and skin, but also tooth abnormalities including green pigmentation and dentin hypoplasia in the developing teeth. However, hyperbilirubinemia-induced tooth impairments remain after liver transplantation. No effective dental management to prevent hyperbilirubinemia-induced tooth impairments has been established. METHODS In this study, we focused on pamidronate, which is used to treat pediatric osteopenia, and investigated its effects on hyperbilirubinemia-induced tooth impairments. We cultured stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) under high and low concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin in the presence or absence of pamidronate. We then analyzed the effects of pamidronate on the cell death, associated signal pathways, and dentinogenic function in SHED. RESULTS We demonstrated that a high concentration of unconjugated bilirubin induced cell death in SHED via the mitochondrial pathway, and this was associated with the suppression of AKT and extracellular signal-related kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) signal pathways and activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signal pathway. The high concentration of unconjugated bilirubin impaired the in vitro and in vivo dentinogenic capacity of SHED, but not the low concentration. We then demonstrated that pamidronate decreased the bilirubin-induced cell death in SHED via the altered AKT, ERK1/2, and NF-κB signal pathways and recovered the bilirubin-impaired dentinogenic function of SHED. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that pamidronate may prevent tooth abnormalities in pediatric patients with hyperbilirubinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruyoshi Yamaza
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Soichiro Sonoda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nonaka
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Toshio Kukita
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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14
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Liu Z, Sheng J, Peng G, Yang J, Chen W, Li K. TGF-β1 Regulation of P-JNK and L-Type Calcium Channel Cav1.2 in Cortical Neurons. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 64:374-384. [PMID: 29423686 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases can cause a series of neuronal lesions, which may be improved by the anti-apoptotic neuroprotection of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). In neurons, L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCC) are mainly composed of Cav1.2 subunits. Given the implication of TGF-β1 in numerous CNS diseases, we examined the neuroprotective effects of TGF-β1 on the Cav1.2 channel in the CNS. To simulate acute mechanical traumatic brain injury (TBI), we used a needle to create parallel scratches across plates, which were cultured for 9 h. Meanwhile, Fluo4-AM-loaded laser scanning confocal microscopy with a dual wavelength of 488 nm/530 nm was employed to determine intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]i). We found that MAPK inhibitors impede TGF-β1-induced cell viability and that TGF-β1 recovered from the trauma-induced cell viability in neurons. Cav1.2 production was significantly decreased in the TGF-β1-treated (10 ng/mL) neurons. At this TGF-β1 concentration, Cav1.2 was significantly down-regulated in a time-dependent manner after 12 h. Moreover, TGF-β1 partially recovered the protein levels of Cav1.2 that were reduced by TBI. TGF-β1 significantly inhibited the fluorescence intensity of [Ca2+]i increased by KCl and delayed the time of the peak [Ca2+]i. The observed effects of TGF-β1 on Cav1.2 were regulated by MAPK inhibitors. The observed effects of TGF-β1 on P-JNK were also impeded by pre-incubation with the LTCC inhibitor (10 μM) nimodipine in trauma-injured neurons. Altogether, TGF-β1 regulated LTCCs through a mechanism dependent on MEK, JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK signal pathways in cortical neurons. Thus, we suggest the involvement of this mechanism in cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenning Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Key Immunopathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Jiangtao Sheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Key Immunopathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Guoyi Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Jinhua Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Key Immunopathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
| | - Kangsheng Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Key Immunopathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
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15
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Hong C, Quach A, Lin L, Olson J, Kwon T, Bezouglaia O, Tran J, Hoang M, Bui K, Kim RH, Tetradis S. Local vs. systemic administration of bisphosphonates in rat cleft bone graft: A comparative study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190901. [PMID: 29304080 PMCID: PMC5755940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A majority of patients with orofacial cleft deformity requires cleft repair through a bone graft. However, elevated amount of bone resorption and subsequent bone graft failure remains a significant clinical challenge. Bisphosphonates (BPs), a class of anti-resorptive drugs, may offer great promise in enhancing the clinical success of bone grafting. In this study, we compared the effects of systemic and local delivery of BPs in an intraoral bone graft model in rats. We randomly divided 34 female 20-week-old Fischer F344 Inbred rats into four groups to repair an intraoral critical-sized defect (CSD): (1) Control: CSD without graft (n = 4); (2) Graft/Saline: bone graft with systemic administration of saline 1 week post-operatively (n = 10); (3) Graft/Systemic: bone graft with systemic administration of zoledronic acid 1 week post-operatively (n = 10); and (4) Graft/Local: bone graft pre-treated with zoledronic acid (n = 10). At 6-weeks post-operatively, microCT volumetric analysis showed a significant increase in bone fraction volume (BV/TV) in the Graft/Systemic (62.99 ±14.31%) and Graft/Local (69.35 ±13.18%) groups compared to the Graft/Saline (39.18±10.18%). Similarly, histological analysis demonstrated a significant increase in bone volume in the Graft/Systemic (78.76 ±18.00%) and Graft/Local (89.95 ±4.93%) groups compared to the Graft/Saline (19.74±18.89%). The local delivery approach resulted in the clinical success of bone grafts, with reduced graft resorption and enhanced osteogenesis and bony integration with defect margins while avoiding the effects of BPs on peripheral osteoclastic function. In addition, local delivery of BPs may be superior to systemic delivery with its ease of procedure as it involves simple soaking of bone graft materials in BP solution prior to graft placement into the defect. This new approach may provide convenient and promising clinical applications towards effectively managing cleft patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Hong
- Section of Orthodontics, Division of Growth and Development, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Alison Quach
- Section of Orthodontics, Division of Growth and Development, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lawrence Lin
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Olson
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Taewoo Kwon
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Olga Bezouglaia
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jaime Tran
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Hoang
- Section of Orthodontics, Division of Growth and Development, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Bui
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Reuben H. Kim
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sotirios Tetradis
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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16
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Corrado A, Sanpaolo ER, Di Bello S, Cantatore FP. Osteoblast as a target of anti-osteoporotic treatment. Postgrad Med 2017; 129:858-865. [PMID: 28770650 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2017.1362312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblasts are mesenchymal cells that play a key role in maintaining bone homeostasis; they are responsible for the production of extracellular matrix proteins, regulation of matrix mineralization, control of bone remodeling and regulate osteoclast differentiation. Osteoblasts have an essential role in the pathogenesis of many bone diseases, particularly osteoporosis. For many decades, the main current available treatments for osteoporosis have been represented by anti-resorptive drugs, such as bisphosphonates, which act mainly by inhibiting osteoclasts maturation, proliferation and activity; nevertheless, in recent years much attention has been paid on anabolic aspects of osteoporosis treatment. Many experimental evidences support the hypothesis of direct effects of the classical anti-resorptive drugs also on osteoblasts, and recent progress in understanding bone physiology have led to the development of new pharmacological agents such as anti-sclerostin antibodies and teriparatide which directly target osteoblasts, inducing anabolic effects and promoting bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addolorata Corrado
- a Rheumatology Clinic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Eliana Rita Sanpaolo
- a Rheumatology Clinic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Silvana Di Bello
- a Rheumatology Clinic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Cantatore
- a Rheumatology Clinic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
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17
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Grigor'yan AS, Brailovskaya TV, Varda NS, Gurin AN. [Formation of bone in critical calvarias defects in rats under the influence of bisphosphonate alendronate Na complex]. STOMATOLOGII︠A︡ 2017; 96:8-11. [PMID: 28317820 DOI: 10.17116/stomat20179618-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate dynamic of tissue structures in critical defects of calvaria of rats after inoculation of bisphosphonate (BF) alendronate Na complex into bone defects. Animal model included 24 Wistar rats divided in 3 groups: spontaneous healing under blot clot (1), inoculation of carbonate hydroxide apatite β-tricalcium phosphate blocks (2) and BF alendronate Na complex (3) on 15, 30, 60 and 90 experiment day. New bone formation was observed in group 3 as opposed to groups 1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Grigor'yan
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - T V Brailovskaya
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - N S Varda
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Gurin
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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18
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Schem C, Tower RJ, Kneissl P, Rambow AC, Campbell GM, Desel C, Damm T, Heilmann T, Fuchs S, Zuhayra M, Trauzold A, Glüer CC, Schott S, Tiwari S. Pharmacologically Inactive Bisphosphonates as an Alternative Strategy for Targeting Osteoclasts: In Vivo Assessment of 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine-Alendronate in a Preclinical Model of Breast Cancer Bone Metastases. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:536-548. [PMID: 27714838 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates have effects that are antiresorptive, antitumor, and antiapoptotic to osteoblasts and osteocytes, but an effective means of eliciting these multiple activities in the treatment of bone metastases has not been identified. Antimetabolite-bisphosphonate conjugates have potential for improved performance as a class of bone-specific antineoplastic drugs. The primary objective of the study was to determine whether an antimetabolite-bisphosphonate conjugate will preserve bone formation concomitant with antiresorptive and antitumor activity. 5-FdU-ale, a highly stable conjugate between the antimetabolite 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine and the bisphosphonate alendronate, was tested for its therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of MDA-MB231 breast cancer bone metastases. In vitro testing revealed osteoclasts to be highly sensitive to 5-FdU-ale. In contrast, osteoblasts had significantly reduced sensitivity. Tumor cells were resistant in vitro but in vivo tumor burden was nevertheless significantly reduced compared with untreated mice. Sensitivity to 5-FdU-ale was not mediated through inhibition of farnesyl diphosphate synthase activity, but cell cycle arrest was observed. Although serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) levels were greatly reduced by both drugs, there was no significant decrease in the serum bone formation marker osteocalcin with 5-FdU-ale treatment. In contrast, there was more than a fivefold decrease in serum osteocalcin levels with alendronate treatment (p < 0.001). This finding is supported by time-lapse micro-computed tomography analyses, which revealed bone formation volume to be on average 1.6-fold higher with 5-FdU-ale treatment compared with alendronate (p < 0.001). We conclude that 5-FdU-ale, which is a poor prenylation inhibitor but maintains potent antiresorptive activity, does not reduce bone formation and has cytostatic antitumor efficacy. These results document that conjugation of an antimetabolite with bisphosphonates offers flexibility in creating potent bone-targeting drugs with cytostatic, bone protection properties that show limited nephrotoxicity. This unique class of drugs may offer distinct advantages in the setting of targeted adjuvant therapy and chemoprevention of bone diseases. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schem
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert J Tower
- Section of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, MOIN CC, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Kneissl
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna-Christina Rambow
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Graeme M Campbell
- Section of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, MOIN CC, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Institute of Biomechanics, TUHH Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Desel
- Section of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, MOIN CC, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Timo Damm
- Section of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, MOIN CC, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thorsten Heilmann
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabine Fuchs
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Section Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maaz Zuhayra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Section Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Trauzold
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Claus C Glüer
- Section of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, MOIN CC, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sarah Schott
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sanjay Tiwari
- Section of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, MOIN CC, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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19
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Longitudinal Computed Tomography Monitoring of Pelvic Bones in Patients With Breast Cancer Using Automated Bone Subtraction Software. Invest Radiol 2017; 52:288-294. [DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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20
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Sun Z, Cao X, Hu Z, Zhang L, Wang H, Zhou H, Li D, Zhang S, Xie M. MiR-103 inhibits osteoblast proliferation mainly through suppressing Cav1.2 expression in simulated microgravity. Bone 2015; 76:121-8. [PMID: 25868801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in modulating osteoblast function and bone formation. However, the influence of miRNA on osteoblast proliferation and the possible mechanisms underlying remain to be defined. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether miR-103 regulates osteoblast proliferation under simulated microgravity condition through regulating Cav1.2, the primary subunit of L-type voltage sensitive calcium channels (LTCCs). We first investigated the effect of simulated microgravity on osteoblast proliferation and the outcomes clearly demonstrated that the mechanical unloading inhibits MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cell proliferation. Using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR), we provided data showing that miR-103 was up-regulated in response to simulated microgravity. In addition, we observed that up-regulation of miR-103 inhibited and down-regulation of miR-103 promoted osteoblast proliferation under simulated microgravity condition. Furthermore, knocking-down or over-expressing miR-103, respectively, up- or down-regulated the level of Cav1.2 expression and LTCC currents, suggesting that miR-103 acts as an endogenous attenuator of Cav1.2 in osteoblasts under simulated microgravity condition. More importantly, we showed that the effect of miR-103 on osteoblast proliferation was diminished in simulated microgravity, when co-transfecting miR-103 mimic or inhibitor with Cav1.2 siRNA. Taken together, our data suggest that miR-103 inhibits osteoblast proliferation mainly through suppression of Cav1.2 expression under simulated microgravity condition. This work may provide a novel mechanism of microgravity-induced detrimental effects on osteoblast proliferation, identifying miR-103 as a novel possible therapeutic target in bone remodeling disorders in this mechanical unloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinsheng Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zebing Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lianchang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Han Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongtao Li
- Center of Cardiology, Navy General Hospital, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Manjiang Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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21
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Local application of zoledronate enhances miniscrew implant stability in dogs. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2014; 145:737-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Romanello M, Piatkowska E, Antoniali G, Cesaratto L, Vascotto C, Iozzo RV, Delneri D, Brancia FL. Osteoblastic cell secretome: a novel role for progranulin during risedronate treatment. Bone 2014; 58:81-91. [PMID: 24120669 PMCID: PMC5072534 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that osteoblasts, the key cells involved in bone formation during development and in adult life, secrete a number of glycoproteins harboring autocrine and paracrine functions. Thus, investigating the osteoblastic secretome could yield important information for the pathophysiology of bone. In the present study, we characterized for the first time the secretome of human Hobit osteoblastic cells. We discovered that the secretome comprised 89 protein species including the powerful growth factor progranulin. Recombinant human progranulin (6nM) induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in both Hobit and osteocytic cells and induced cell proliferation and survival. Notably, risedronate, a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate widely used in the treatment of osteoporosis, induced the expression and secretion of progranulin in the Hobit secretome. In addition, our proteomic study of the Hobit secretome revealed that risedronate induced the expression of ERp57, HSP60 and HSC70, three proteins already shown to be associated with the prevention of bone loss in osteoporosis. Collectively, our findings unveil novel targets of risedronate-evoked biological effects on osteoblast-like cells and further our understanding of the mechanisms of action of this currently used compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Romanello
- Laboratory of Regional Centre for Rare Diseases, University Hospital, Santa Maria della Misericordia, 33100 Udine, Italy.
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23
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Komatsu K, Shimada A, Shibata T, Wada S, Ideno H, Nakashima K, Amizuka N, Noda M, Nifuji A. Alendronate promotes bone formation by inhibiting protein prenylation in osteoblasts in rat tooth replantation model. J Endocrinol 2013; 219:145-58. [PMID: 24096963 DOI: 10.1530/joe-13-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are a major class of antiresorptive drug, and their molecular mechanisms of antiresorptive action have been extensively studied. Recent studies have suggested that BPs target bone-forming cells as well as bone-resorbing cells. We previously demonstrated that local application of a nitrogen-containing BP (N-BP), alendronate (ALN), for a short period of time increased bone tissue in a rat tooth replantation model. Here, we investigated cellular mechanisms of bone formation by ALN. Bone histomorphometry confirmed that bone formation was increased by local application of ALN. ALN increased proliferation of bone-forming cells residing on the bone surface, whereas it suppressed the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts in vivo. Moreover, ALN treatment induced more alkaline phosphatase-positive and osteocalcin-positive cells on the bone surface than PBS treatment. In vitro studies revealed that pulse treatment with ALN promoted osteocalcin expression. To track the target cells of N-BPs, we applied fluorescence-labeled ALN (F-ALN) in vivo and in vitro. F-ALN was taken into bone-forming cells both in vivo and in vitro. This intracellular uptake was inhibited by endocytosis inhibitors. Furthermore, the endocytosis inhibitor dansylcadaverine (DC) suppressed ALN-stimulated osteoblastic differentiation in vitro and it suppressed the increase in alkaline phosphatase-positive bone-forming cells and subsequent bone formation in vivo. DC also blocked the inhibition of Rap1A prenylation by ALN in the osteoblastic cells. These data suggest that local application of ALN promotes bone formation by stimulating proliferation and differentiation of bone-forming cells as well as inhibiting osteoclast function. These effects may occur through endocytic incorporation of ALN and subsequent inhibition of protein prenylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Komatsu
- Departments of Pharmacology Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan Transcriptome Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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24
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Ribeiro V, Garcia M, Oliveira R, Gomes PS, Colaço B, Fernandes MH. Bisphosphonates induce the osteogenic gene expression in co-cultured human endothelial and mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 18:27-37. [PMID: 24373581 PMCID: PMC3916115 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are known to affect bone homeostasis and also to have anti-angiogenic properties. Because of the intimate relationship between angiogenesis and osteogenesis, this study analysed the effects of Alendronate (AL) and Zoledronate (ZL) in the expression of endothelial and osteogenic genes on interacting endothelial and mesenchymal stem cells, an issue that was not previously addressed. Alendronate and ZL, 10(-12) -10(-6) M, were evaluated in a direct co-culture system of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HMSC), over a period of 14 days. Experiments with the respective monocultures were run in parallel. Alendronate and ZL caused an initial dose-dependent stimulation in the cell proliferation in the monocultures and co-cultures, and did not interfere with their cellular organization. In HDMEC monocultures, the expression of the endothelial genes CD31, VE-cadherin and VEGFR2 was down-regulated by AL and ZL. In HMSC monocultures, the BPs inhibited VEGF expression, but up-regulated the expression of the osteogenic genes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) and osteocalcin (OC) and, to a greater extent, osteoprotegerin (OPG), a negative regulator of the osteoclastic differentiation, and increased ALP activity. In co-cultured HDMEC/HMSC, AL and ZL decreased the expression of endothelial genes but elicited an earlier and sustained overexpression of ALP, BMP-2, OC and OPG, compared with the monocultured cells; they also induced ALP activity. This study showed for the first time that AL and ZL greatly induced the osteogenic gene expression on interacting endothelial and mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Ribeiro
- CECAV, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; FMDUP, Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Risedronate increases osteoblastic differentiation and function through connexin43. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 432:152-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Lezcano V, Bellido T, LI P, Boland R, Morelli S. Role of connexin 43 in the mechanism of action of alendronate: dissociation of anti-apoptotic and proliferative signaling pathways. Arch Biochem Biophys 2012; 518:95-102. [PMID: 22230328 PMCID: PMC3804299 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2011.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) inhibit osteocyte and osteoblast apoptosis via opening of connexin (Cx) 43 hemichannels and activating the extracellular signal regulated kinases ERKs. Previously, we hypothesized that intracellular survival signaling is initiated by interaction of BPs with Cx43. However, using whole cell binding assays with [(3)H]-alendronate, herein we demonstrated the presence of saturable, specific and high affinity binding sites in the Cx43-expressing ROS 17/2.8 osteoblastic cells, authentic osteoblasts and MLO-Y4 cells expressing Cx43 or not, as well as in HeLa cells lacking Cx43 expression and ROS 17/2.8 cells pretreated with agents that disassemble Cx channels. In addition, both BPs and the PTP inhibitor Na(3)VO(4) increased proliferation of cells expressing Cx43 or not. Furthermore, although BPs are internalized and inhibit intracellular enzymes in osteoclasts, whether the drugs penetrate non-resorptive bone cells is not known. To clarify this, we evaluated the osteoblastic uptake of AF-ALN, a fluorescently labeled analog of alendronate. AF-ALN was rapidly internalized in cells expressing Cx43 or not indicating that this process is not mediated via Cx43 hemichannels. Altogether, these findings suggest that although required for triggering intracellular survival signaling by BPs, Cx43 is dispensable for cellular BP binding, its uptake, as well as the proliferative effects of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lezcano
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - T Bellido
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine. Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine. Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Plotkin LI
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine. Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - R Boland
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - S Morelli
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Maruotti N, Corrado A, Neve A, Cantatore FP. Bisphosphonates: effects on osteoblast. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012; 68:1013-8. [PMID: 22318756 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-012-1216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bisphosphonates are synthetic analogues of pyrophosphate usually used in treating bone disorders such as osteoporosis, Paget's disease, fibrous dysplasia, hypercalcemia of malignancy, and inflammation-related bone loss. Though therapeutic effects of bisphosphonates depend primarily on their inhibitory effect on osteoclasts, increasing attention is being given to other effector cells, such as osteoblasts. This review focuses on the presumed effect of bisphosphonates on osteoblasts. METHODS A review of the literature was conducted to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of bisphosphonates including inhibition of osteoclasts and apoptosis of osteocytes and osteoblasts as well as their potential stimulatory effects on the proliferation of osteoblasts. RESULTS Studies have demonstrated that bisphosphonates may stimulate proliferation of osteoblasts and inhibit apoptosis of osteocytes and osteoblasts. CONCLUSION Considering that osteoblasts may be involved in bone disorders, such as osteoporosis, osteopetrosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, and Paget's disease, and that bisphosphonates may stimulate proliferation of osteoblasts and inhibit apoptosis of osteocytes and osteoblasts, it is conceivable that a role for bisphosphonates exists in these diseases beyond merely the osteoclast influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Maruotti
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Foggia Medical School, Foggia, Italy
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Effects of alendronate on human osteoblast-like MG63 cells and matrix metalloproteinases. Arch Oral Biol 2012; 57:728-36. [PMID: 22251575 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the effects of alendronate on the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the expression of the tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) from human osteoblast-like MG63 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS MG63 cells were exposed to various concentrations of alendronate. Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were evaluated by water-soluble tetrazolium-1 and lactate dehydrogenase, respectively. MG63-mediated collagen degradation was assessed utilising Type I collagen assays. Conditioned media and membrane extracts were collected for Western blot analyses of select MMPs and TIMPs. Gelatin zymography gels were incubated with alendronate to assess its effects on MMP-2 activity. RESULTS Alendronate affected MG63 proliferation and cytotoxicity at concentrations equal to/or greater than 10(-5) M (all p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the collagen degrading ability of treated cells at non-toxic levels vs. untreated cells. Alendronate had no effects on the expression of MMP-2 or MT1-MMP (membrane type-1 MMP) in the conditioned media or membrane extracts, and of MMP-1 or TIMP-2 in the conditioned media. TIMP-2 in the membrane extracts was not detectable. MMP-2 activity in the zymograms was inhibited by 10(-3) and 10(-2) M alendronate. CONCLUSION Alendronate at 10(-5) M or higher was toxic to the cells. Alendronate at 10(-8) to 10(-6) M did not alter the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MT1-MMP or TIMP-2, as well as did not alter collagen degradation. Alendronate inhibited MMP-2 activity at 10(-3) and 10(-2) M in the zymograms. In conclusion, non-toxic levels of alendronate (10(-8) to 10(-6) M) did not alter MMP expression in MG63 cells or inhibit MMP-2 activity.
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Bellido T, Plotkin LI. Novel actions of bisphosphonates in bone: preservation of osteoblast and osteocyte viability. Bone 2011; 49:50-5. [PMID: 20727997 PMCID: PMC2994972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates stop bone loss by inhibiting the activity of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. However, the effect of bisphosphonates on bone mass cannot completely explain the reduction in fracture incidence observed in patients treated with these agents. Recent research efforts provided an explanation to this dichotomy by demonstrating that part of the beneficial effect of bisphosphonates on the skeleton is due to prevention of osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis. Work of our group, independently confirmed by other investigators, demonstrated that bisphosphonates are able to prevent osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. This prosurvival effect is strictly dependent on the expression of connexin (Cx) 43, as demonstrated in vitro using cells lacking Cx43 or expressing dominant-negative mutants of the protein as well as in vivo using Cx43 osteoblast/osteocyte-specific conditional knock-out mice. Remarkably, this Cx43-dependent survival effect of bisphosphonates is independent of gap junctions and results from opening of Cx43 hemichannels. Hemichannel opening leads to activation of the kinases Src and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), followed by phosphorylation of the ERK cytoplasmic target p90(RSK) kinase and its substrates BAD and C/EBPβ, resulting in inhibition of apoptosis. The antiapoptotic effect of bisphosphonates is separate from the effect of the drugs on osteoclasts, as analogs that lack antiresorptive activity are still able to inhibit osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, a bisphosphonate analog that does not inhibit osteoclast activity prevented osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis and the loss of bone mass and strength induced by glucocorticoids in mice. Preservation of the bone-forming function of mature osteoblasts and maintenance of the osteocytic network, in combination with lack anticatabolic actions, open new therapeutic possibilities for bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteopenic conditions in which decreased bone resorption is not desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresita Bellido
- Dept. Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Div. Endocrinology, Dept. Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Lilian I. Plotkin
- Dept. Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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Effects of zoledronic acid on healing of mandibular fractures: an experimental study in rabbits. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 69:1726-35. [PMID: 21256644 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2010.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 07/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of systemically administered zoledronic acid (ZA) on mandibular fracture healing in a rabbit model using radiodensitometric, biomechanical, histologic, and histomorphometric methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 36 skeletally mature male New Zealand white rabbits were used. The rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups. A mandibular corpus fracture was created experimentally in all 36 rabbits. The experimental group was administered an intravenous, single dose of 0.1 mg/kg ZA, and the control group was administered only saline infusion during the procedure. All rabbits were sacrificed on the 21st postoperative day. Digital radiodensitometric analysis, a 3-point bending test, and histologic and histomorphometric examinations were performed on the harvested hemimandibles. The data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS Biomechanical testing data showed that ZA treatment resulted in a significant increase in the healed bone strength. This result was supported by the radiologic, histologic, and histomorphometric findings. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study have revealed that systemic administration of ZA accelerates and improves the bone healing of mandibular fractures.
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Protein phosphatases: possible bisphosphonate binding sites mediating stimulation of osteoblast proliferation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010; 507:248-53. [PMID: 21167123 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the existence of a bisphosphonate (BP) target site in osteoblasts. Binding assays using [³H]-olpadronate ([³H]OPD) in whole cells showed the presence of specific, saturable and high affinity binding for OPD (K(d)=1.39 ± 0.33 μM) in osteoblasts. [³H]OPD was displaced from its binding site by micromolar concentrations of lidadronate, alendronate and etidronate (K(d)=1.42 ± 0.15 μM, 2.00 ± 0.2 μM and 2.4 ± 0.4 μM, respectively), and by millimolar concentrations of the non-permeant protein phosphatase (PP) substrates p-nitrophenylphosphate and α-naphtylphosphate. PP inhibitors orthovanadate, NaF or vpb(bipy) did not displace [³H]OPD. As expected, specific OPD binding was detected in the plasma membrane of ROS 17/2.8 cells, although significant BP binding was also found intracellularly. Moreover, OPD increased DNA synthesis in these cells with a temporal profile similar to the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitors, Na₃VO₄ and vpb(bipy); but different from a general PP inhibitor (NaF). The stimulatory effect of OPD and PTP inhibitors on osteoblast proliferation was inhibited by the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and geldanamycin. These results provide new evidence on the existence of a BP target in osteoblastic cells, presumably a PTP, which may be involved in the stimulatory action of BPs on osteoblast proliferation.
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Osteogenic activity of locally applied small molecule drugs in a rat femur defect model. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:597641. [PMID: 20625499 PMCID: PMC2896701 DOI: 10.1155/2010/597641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term success of arthroplastic joints is dependent on the stabilization of the implant within the skeletal site. Movement of the arthroplastic implant within the bone can stimulate osteolysis, and therefore methods which promote rigid fixation or bone growth are expected to enhance implant stability and the long-term success of joint arthroplasty. In the present study, we used a simple bilateral bone defect model to analyze the osteogenic activity of three small-molecule drug implants via microcomputerized tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometry. In this study, we show that local delivery of alendronate, but not lovastatin or omeprazole, led to significant new bone formation at the defect site. Since alendronate impedes osteoclast-development, it is theorized that alendronate treatment results in a net increase in bone formation by preventing osteoclast mediated remodeling of the newly formed bone and upregulating osteoblasts.
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Enjuanes A, Ruiz-Gaspà S, Peris P, Ozalla D, Alvarez L, Combalia A, Martínez de Osaba MJ, Monegal A, Pares A, Guañabens N. The effect of the alendronate on OPG/RANKL system in differentiated primary human osteoblasts. Endocrine 2010; 37:322-8. [PMID: 20960270 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-009-9306-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alendronate is a well-established treatment for osteoporosis and suppresses bone resorption by a direct effect on osteoclasts and their precursors. The effect of alendronate on osteoclasts is produced, at least in part, by the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) and the osteoprotegerin (OPG) synthesized by the osteoblasts. This study analyzes the effect of alendronate in cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and RANKL and OPG expression in primary human osteoblasts (hOB). Alendronate at concentrations lower than 10⁻⁵ M did not have a toxic effect on hOB in vitro and did not modify the ALP activity at least for 72 h. Alendronate did not change OPG expression in basal, 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), and vitamin D-treated cultures. Similar results were observed at the protein level. Unexpectedly, alendronate at 10⁻⁷ and 10⁻⁵ M concentrations increased the RANKL expression with the presence of vitamin D in differentiated hOB, and this induction of RANKL mRNA levels by alendronate was dose-dependent. However, this effect was not observed in basal and 10% FBS culture conditions. Thus, we conclude that alendronate does not affect the ALP activity and OPG gene expression in differentiated hOB, but may increase RANKL gene expression induced by vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Enjuanes
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Enjuanes A, Ruiz-Gaspà S, Peris P, Ozalla D, Álvarez L, Combalia A, Martínez de Osaba MJ, Monegal A, Pares A, Guañabens N. The effect of the alendronate on OPG/RANKL system in differentiated primary human osteoblasts. Endocrine 2010; 37:180-6. [PMID: 20963568 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-009-9285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alendronate is a well-established treatment for osteoporosis and suppresses bone resorption by a direct effect on osteoclasts and their precursors. The effect of alendronate on osteoclasts is produced, at least in part, by the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) and the osteoprotegerin (OPG) synthesized by the osteoblasts. This study analyzes the effect of alendronate in cell viability, phosphatase alkaline (ALP) activity and RANKL, and OPG expression in primary human osteoblasts (hOB). Alendronate at concentrations lower than 10(-5) M did not have a toxic effect on hOB in vitro and did not modify the ALP activity at least for 72 h. Alendronate did not change OPG expression in basal, 10% FBS, and vitamin D-treated cultures. Similar results were observed at the protein level. Unexpectedly, alendronate at 10(-7) and 10(-5) M concentrations increased the RANKL expression with the presence of vitamin D in differentiated hOB and this induction of RANKL mRNA levels by alendronate was dose-dependent. However, this effect was not observed in basal and 10% FBS culture conditions. Thus, we conclude that alendronate does not affect the ALP activity and OPG gene expression in differentiated hOB, but may increase RANKL gene expression induced by vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Enjuanes
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Kim HK, Kim JH, Abbas AA, Yoon TR. Alendronate enhances osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells: a preliminary study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2009; 467:3121-8. [PMID: 18665432 PMCID: PMC2772902 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-008-0409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Alendronate inhibits osteoclastic activity. However, some studies suggest alendronate also has effects on osteoblast activity. We hypothesized alendronate would enhance osteoblastic differentiation without causing cytotoxicity of the osteoblasts. We evaluated the effect of alendronate on the osteogenic differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells. D1 cells (multipotent mouse mesenchymal stem cells) were cultured in osteogenic differentiation medium for 7 days and then treated with alendronate for 2 days before being subjected to various tests using MTT assays, Alizarin Red, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, energy-dispersive xray spectrophotometry, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, confocal microscopy, and flow cytometric analysis. D1 cells differentiated into osteoblasts in the presence of osteogenic differentiation medium as confirmed by positive Alizarin Red S staining, increased alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin mRNA expression, a calcium peak by energy-dispersive xray spectrophotometry, and by positive immunofluorescence staining against CD44. Osteogenic differentiation was enhanced after treatment with alendronate as confirmed by Alizarin Red S staining, elevated alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin mRNA expression, a greater calcium peak by energy-dispersive xray spectrophotometry, and by immunofluorescence staining against CD44 by flow cytometric analysis. These data suggest alendronate enhances osteogenic differentiation when treated with mouse mesenchymal stem cells in osteogenic differentiation medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Keun Kim
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Azlina Amir Abbas
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Korea
| | - Taek Rim Yoon
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
- Center for Joint Disease, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, 160 Ilsimri, Hwasuneup, Hwasungun, 519-809 Jeonnam, Korea
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Frediani B, Cavalieri L, Cremonesi G. Clodronic acid formulations available in Europe and their use in osteoporosis: a review. Clin Drug Investig 2009; 29:359-79. [PMID: 19432497 DOI: 10.2165/00044011-200929060-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Clodronic acid (Cl(2)-MBP [dichloromethylene bisphosphonic acid], clodronate) is a halogenated non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate with antiresorptive efficacy in a variety of diseases associated with excessive bone resorption. The drug is believed to inhibit bone resorption through induction of osteoclast apoptosis, but appears also to possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties that contrast with the acute-phase and inflammatory effects seen with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. Clodronic acid has been shown to be effective in the maintenance or improvement of bone mineral density when given orally, intramuscularly or intravenously in patients with osteoporosis. Use of the drug is also associated with reductions in fracture risk. The intramuscular formulation, which is given at a dose of 100 mg weekly or biweekly, is at least as effective as daily oral therapy and appears more effective than intermittent intravenous treatment. Intramuscular clodronic acid in particular has also been associated with improvements in back pain. The drug is well tolerated, with no deleterious effects on bone mineralization, and use of parenteral therapy eliminates the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects that may be seen in patients receiving bisphosphonate therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Frediani
- Istituto di Reumatologia, Universita' di Siena, Siena, Italy.
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Xiong Y, Yang HJ, Feng J, Shi ZL, Wu LD. Effects of Alendronate on the Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of MG-63 Cells. J Int Med Res 2009; 37:407-16. [PMID: 19383235 DOI: 10.1177/147323000903700216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies of the direct actions of bisphosphonates on bone have mainly been limited to their effects on bone-resorbing osteoclasts and little is known about the direct effects of bisphosphonates on osteoblasts. Here we report the direct effects of alendronate on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of the MG-63 osteoblast-like cell line. Cell proliferation was determined with the MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, osteogenic differentiation was evaluated with an alkaline phosphatase bioassay and by analysis of gene expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the extent of calcium deposition was measured using Alizarin Red S staining. Alendronate significantly increased cell numbers over control values, with the greatest effect at 10−8 M. Alkaline phosphatase activity and gene expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, type I collagen and osteocalcin were increased after alendronate treatment. Alendronate also stimulated calcium deposition. We conclude that alendronate, apart from inhibiting osteoclastic bone resorption, is also a promoter of osteoblast proliferation and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - HJ Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Feng
- Bone and Joint Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - ZL Shi
- Bone and Joint Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - LD Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Gangoiti MV, Cortizo AM, Arnol V, Felice JI, McCarthy AD. Opposing effects of bisphosphonates and advanced glycation end-products on osteoblastic cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 600:140-7. [PMID: 18973752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2008] [Revised: 09/28/2008] [Accepted: 10/13/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients with long-standing Diabetes mellitus can develop osteopenia and osteoporosis. We have previously shown that advanced glycation endproducts reduce the bone-forming activity of osteoblasts. Bisphosphonates are used for the treatment of various bone disorders, since they reduce osteoclastic function and survival, and stimulate osteoblastic bone-forming capacity. In this work we have investigated whether bisphosphonates are able to revert advanced glycation endproducts-induced deleterious effects in osteoblasts. MC3T3E1 and UMR106 osteoblastic cells were incubated with control or advanced glycation endproducts-modified bovine serum albumin, in the presence or absence of different doses of the bisphosphonates Alendronate, Pamidronate or Zoledronate. After 24-72 h of culture, we evaluated their effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis, type-1 collagen production, alkaline and neutral phosphatase activity, and intracellular reactive oxygen species production. Advanced glycation endproducts significantly decreased osteoblast proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and type 1 collagen production, while increasing osteoblastic apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production. These effects were completely reverted by low doses (10(-8) M) of bisphosphonates. High doses of bisphosphonates (10(-4)-10(-5) M) were toxic for osteoblasts. Nifedipine (L-type calcium channel blocker) did not affect the advanced glycation endproducts-induced decrease in osteoblastic proliferation, although it blocked the reversion of this effect by 10(-8) M Alendronate. Both advanced glycation endproducts and Alendronate inhibited the activity of intracellular neutral phosphatases. In conclusion, we show that bisphosphonates revert the deleterious actions of advanced glycation endproducts on osteoblastic cells, and that these effects of bisphosphonates depend on: (a) Ca(2+) influx through L-type voltage-sensitive channels, and (b) blockage of advanced glycation endproducts-induced reactive oxygen species generation.
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Fu L, Tang T, Miao Y, Zhang S, Qu Z, Dai K. Stimulation of osteogenic differentiation and inhibition of adipogenic differentiation in bone marrow stromal cells by alendronate via ERK and JNK activation. Bone 2008; 43:40-47. [PMID: 18486585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2007] [Revised: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/13/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanism of the effect of bisphosphonates on bone metabolism, we investigated the effect of alendronate, a widely used bisphosphonate, on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) derived from ovariectomized SD rats. Alendronate treatment not only increased the mRNA level of bone morphogenetic protein-2, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, and alkaline phosphatase activity after osteogenic induction, but also decreased the mRNA level of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma 2 and total droplet number indicated by Oil Red O staining after adipogenic induction. The effect of alendronate treatment was dose-dependent, and the difference of the osteogenic or the adipogenic potential between the treated group and the non-treated group was statistically significant (p<0.001). The MAPK-specific inhibitors, PD98059 and SP600125, but not the p38-specific inhibitor, blocked the alendronate-induced regulation of BMSC differentiation. Analysis of BMSCs induced in the presence of alendronate revealed an immediate increase in ERK and JNK phosphorylation. Taken together, these data suggest that alendronate acts on BMSCs to stimulate osteogenic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation in a dose-dependent manner; this effect is mediated via activating ERK and JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjie Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Orthopaedic Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Tingting Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Yanying Miao
- Orthopaedic Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Shuhong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Zhihu Qu
- Orthopaedic Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Kerong Dai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Orthopaedic Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
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Naidu A, Dechow PC, Spears R, Wright JM, Kessler HP, Opperman LA. The effects of bisphosphonates on osteoblasts in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 106:5-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2007] [Revised: 03/06/2008] [Accepted: 03/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Follet H, Li J, Phipps RJ, Hui S, Condon K, Burr DB. Risedronate and alendronate suppress osteocyte apoptosis following cyclic fatigue loading. Bone 2007; 40:1172-7. [PMID: 17240209 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2006.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2006] [Revised: 12/05/2006] [Accepted: 12/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine whether bisphosphonate treatment can prevent or delay osteocyte apoptosis in a cyclic fatigue animal model and if there are differences between two different bisphosphonates in their effects on osteocyte apoptosis. INTRODUCTION Fatigue loading induces microdamage in long bones in rats and causes osteocyte apoptosis. In vitro data suggest that the bisphosphonates can prevent osteocyte apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six month old female Sprague-Dawley rats (n=72) were given a daily subcutaneous (sc) injection of saline vehicle, risedronate (RIS: 0.05 mug/kg per day) or alendronate (ALN: 0.1 mug/kg per day). On the 8th day of drug treatment, an axial compressive load was applied to the right ulna using a load-controlled electromagnetic device (17N, 6000 cycles, 2 Hz, 10% loss of stiffness approximately 1 h). Three, seven or ten days after loading, the animals were sacrificed. Immunohistochemistry for caspase-3 was performed to assess the extent of osteocyte apoptosis in loaded and non-loaded ulnas. RESULTS Microdamage (Mdx) created by cyclic loading of the ulna induced a significant increase (p=0.03) in the number of apoptotic osteocytes compared to non-damaged regions of the same ulna, and compared to the contralateral non-loaded ulna. Risedronate and alendronate had an early effect (3 days after loading) on reducing load-induced osteocyte apoptosis. Risedronate significantly reduced the density of apoptotic osteocytes compared to vehicle-treated controls by approximately 50% in the Mdx area, whereas alendronate reduced it by approximately 40%. There were no differences among groups by seven days following loading. CONCLUSIONS (1) Low doses of risedronate or alendronate suppressed osteocyte apoptosis induced by fatigue loading of the ulna in rats. (2) There was no difference between the effects of risedronate or alendronate on osteocyte apoptosis at these doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Follet
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Molinuevo MS, Bruzzone L, Cortizo AM. Alendronate induces anti-migratory effects and inhibition of neutral phosphatases in UMR106 osteosarcoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 562:28-33. [PMID: 17341419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2006] [Revised: 01/14/2007] [Accepted: 01/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates are nonhydrolysable pyrophosphate analogues that prevent bone loss in several types of cancer. However, the mechanisms of anticancer action of bisphosphonates are not completely known. We have previously shown that nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates directly inhibit alkaline phosphatase of UMR106 rat osteosarcoma cells. In this study, we evaluated the effects of alendronate on the migration of UMR106 osteosarcoma using a model of multicellular cell spheroids, as well as the alendronate effect on neutral phosphatases. Alendronate significantly inhibited the migration of osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner (10(-6)-10(-4) M). This effect was also dependent on calcium availability. The spheroid morphology and distribution of actin fibers were also affected by alendronate treatment. Alendronate dose-dependently inhibited neutral phosphatase activity in cell-free osteoblastic extracts as well as in osteoblasts in culture. Our results show that alendronate inhibits cell migration through mechanisms dependent on calcium, and that seem to involve inhibition of phosphotyrosine-neutral-phosphatases and disassembly of actin stress fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Silvina Molinuevo
- Bioquímica Patológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 y 115 (1900) La Plata, Argentina
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Barrett R, Chappell C, Quick M, Fleming A. A rapid, high content, in vivo model of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Biotechnol J 2006; 1:651-5. [PMID: 16892313 DOI: 10.1002/biot.200600043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is a major clinical problem given the widespread use of steroids and limited efficacy of biphosphonates. Existing animal models of GIOP are both slow and expensive. Hence, there is a need both for adjunctive modelling systems, as well as more efficacious therapies for the treatment of GIOP. We have addressed this issue through the creation of a zebrafish model of GIOP, which can be used for 96-well plate in vivo screening with an assay time of 5 days. The model demonstrates key similarities to human GIOP including a partial response to bisphosphonates. The ability to extract detailed pharmacological data, including concentration-response analyses, enables the screening and ranking of candidate therapeutic compounds. In addition, the zebrafish model is highly relevant for pathway dissection through genetic knockdown and overexpression studies.
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Romanello M, Bivi N, Pines A, Deganuto M, Quadrifoglio F, Moro L, Tell G. Bisphosphonates activate nucleotide receptors signaling and induce the expression of Hsp90 in osteoblast-like cell lines. Bone 2006; 39:739-53. [PMID: 16697713 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2006.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2005] [Revised: 03/17/2006] [Accepted: 03/22/2006] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates are the most important drugs used in the treatment of osteoporosis as they inhibit osteoclast resorption and stimulate proliferation of osteoblasts. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects are still poorly elucidated. It is known that nucleotide receptors-mediated signaling plays a central role in modulating osteoblasts growth in response to mechanical stress. By using osteoblast-like cell lines (i.e., HOBIT, MG-63, ROS P2Y), which express P2Y receptors, we found that the treatment with risedronate promotes non-lytic ATP release leading to activation of ERKs through the involvement of P2Y receptors triggering. A major role in this signal transduction pathway seems to be the involvement of P2Y(1) and P2Y(2) receptors, since the stimulatory effect of risedronate on ERKs is not appreciable in ROS 17/2.8 cells, which do not express these two receptors. Differential proteomics analysis identified Hsp90 upregulation as a result of risedronate effect on HOBIT and MG-63 cells. The stimulatory effect is dependent on ERKs activation involving nucleotide receptors triggering and leads to increased proliferation of osteoblast-like cells. In fact, functional inactivation of Hsp90 by the specific inhibitor 17-AAG prevents the bisphosphonate-induced mitogenic effects in osteoblasts. These findings show that bisphosphonates, by inducing ATP release, may also act through nucleotide receptors signaling leading to ERKs activation and may exert their mitogenic role on osteoblasts through the involvement of Hsp90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Romanello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies and the Center for Regenerative Medicine CIME, University of Udine, p.le Kolbe 4, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Riddle RC, Taylor AF, Genetos DC, Donahue HJ. MAP kinase and calcium signaling mediate fluid flow-induced human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2005; 290:C776-84. [PMID: 16267109 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00082.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical signals are important regulators of skeletal homeostasis, and strain-induced oscillatory fluid flow is a potent mechanical stimulus. Although the mechanisms by which osteoblasts and osteocytes respond to fluid flow are being elucidated, little is known about the mechanisms by which bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells respond to such stimuli. Here we show that the intracellular signaling cascades activated in human mesenchymal stem cells by fluid flow are similar to those activated in osteoblastic cells. Oscillatory fluid flow inducing shear stresses of 5, 10, and 20 dyn/cm(2) triggered rapid, flow rate-dependent increases in intracellular calcium that pharmacological studies suggest are inositol trisphosphate mediated. The application of fluid flow also induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 and -2 as well as the activation of the calcium-sensitive protein phosphatase calcineurin in mesenchymal stem cells. Activation of these signaling pathways combined to induce a robust increase in cellular proliferation. These data suggest that mechanically induced fluid flow regulates not only osteoblastic behavior but also that of mesenchymal precursors, implying that the observed osteogenic response to mechanical loading may be mediated by alterations in the cellular behavior of multiple members of the osteoblast lineage, perhaps by a common signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Riddle
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Ctr., Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Corrado A, Cantatore FP, Grano M, Colucci S. Neridronate and human osteoblasts in normal, osteoporotic and osteoarthritic subjects. Clin Rheumatol 2005; 24:527-34. [PMID: 16091841 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-005-1100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2004] [Revised: 01/06/2005] [Accepted: 01/06/2005] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the metabolic in vitro effect of the bisphosphonate neridronate on normal and pathological human osteoblasts. Primary human osteoblast cultures were obtained from cancellous bone of osteoarthritic (OA) and osteoporotic (OP) patients and a corresponding healthy control group. Osteocalcin production was evaluated by cultured cells in neridronate 10(-4) M and 10(-6) M, both under basal conditions and after vitamin D3 stimulation. In the absence of neridronate, vitamin D3 increased osteocalcin production in all cell cultures; under the same conditions, and in the absence of vitamin D3, OA osteoblasts showed a significantly higher osteocalcin production whereas OP osteoblasts showed a significantly lower osteocalcin production compared to the normal osteoblasts, respectively. In all cellular populations neridronate at a higher concentration (10(-4) M) induced a reduction in osteocalcin synthesis, but in normal and osteoarthritic osteoblasts did not reduce the stimulatory effect of vitamin D3, whereas it inhibited the vitamin D3-induced increase of osteocalcin synthesis in the osteoporotic cells. In normal and osteoporotic osteoblasts stimulation with the lower neridronate concentration (10(-6) M) significantly increased osteocalcin production, which was further enhanced by vitamin D3 as an additional effect of the combined treatment. In OA osteoblasts, neridronate 10(-6) M did not induce an increase in osteocalcin synthesis and the additional effect of combined treatment with vitamin D3 was not observed. Neridronate can modify the metabolic activity of human osteoblasts by enhancing or decreasing their biosynthetic activity, both in normal and in pathological conditions, depending on compound concentration and on different cell types. These results confirm the validity of using neridronate at doses usually administered in treating osteoporosis, and they suggest using it to treat other diseases which show an altered osteoblast metabolism, such as osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addolorata Corrado
- Chair of Rheumatology, University of Foggia, D'Avanzo Hospital, Via Ascoli, 71100, Foggia, Italy
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Salasznyk RM, Westcott AM, Klees RF, Ward DF, Xiang Z, Vandenberg S, Bennett K, Plopper GE. Comparing the Protein Expression Profiles of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Osteoblasts Using Gene Ontologies. Stem Cells Dev 2005; 14:354-66. [PMID: 16137224 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2005.14.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmark events regulating the process of osteogenesis is the transition of undifferentiated human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) found in the bone marrow into mineralized-matrix producing osteoblasts (hOSTs) through mechanisms that are not entirely understood. With recent developments in mass spectrometry and its potential application to the systematic definition of the stem cell proteome, proteins that govern cell fate decisions can be identified and tracked during this differentiation process. We hypothesize that protein profiling of hMSCs and hOSTs will identify potential osteogenic marker proteins associated with hMSC commitment and hOST differentiation. To identify markers for each cell population, we analyzed the expression of hMSC proteins and compared them to that of hOST by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and two-dimensional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC-MS/MS). The 2D LC-MS/MS data sets were analyzed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Only 34% of the spots in 2D gels were found in both cell populations; of those that differed between populations, 65% were unique to hOST cells. Of the 755 different proteins identified by 2D LCMS/ MS in both cell populations, two sets of 247 and 158 proteins were found only in hMSCs and hOST cells, respectively. Differential expression of some of the identified proteins was further confirmed by Western blot analyses. Substantial differences in clusters of proteins responsible for calcium- based signaling and cell adhesion were found between the two cell types. Osteogenic differentiation is accompanied by a substantial change in the overall protein expression profile of hMSCs. This study, using gene ontology analysis, reveals that these changes occur in clusters of functionally related proteins. These proteins may serve as markers for identifying stem cell differentiation into osteogenic fates because they promote differentiation by mechanisms that remain to be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman M Salasznyk
- Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3596, USA
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Peter B, Zambelli PY, Guicheux J, Pioletti DP. The effect of bisphosphonates and titanium particles on osteoblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 87:1157-63. [PMID: 16049257 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.87b8.15446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to increase the life of cementless prostheses, an hydroxyapatite-coated implant which releases a bisphosphonate has been suggested as a drug-delivery system. Our in vitro study was designed to determine the maximum dose to which osteoblasts could be safely exposed. Our findings demonstrated that zoledronate did not impair the proliferation of human osteoblasts when used at concentrations below 1 μm. Murine cells can be exposed to concentrations as high as 10 μm. A concentration of 0.01% of titanium particles did not impair the proliferation of either cell line. Zoledronate affected the alkaline phosphatase activity of murine osteoblasts through a chelation phenomenon. The presence of titanium particles strongly decreased the alkaline phosphatase activity of murine osteoblasts. We did not detect any synergic effect of zoledronate and titanium particles on the behaviour of both human and murine osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Peter
- Laboratory of Orthopaedic Research, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland
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50
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Ashton JA, Farese JP, Milner RJ, Lee-Ambrose LM, van Gilder JM. Investigation of the effect of pamidronate disodium on the in vitro viability of osteosarcoma cells from dogs. Am J Vet Res 2005; 66:885-91. [PMID: 15934617 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of pamidronate disodium on the in vitro viability of osteosarcoma cells and non-neoplastic cells from dogs. SAMPLE POPULATION 3 osteosarcoma and 1 fibroblast cell lines derived from dogs. PROCEDURE Cell counts and cell viability assays were performed in cultures of osteosarcoma cells (POS, HMPOS, and COS31 cell lines) and fibroblasts after 24, 48, and 72 hours of incubation with pamidronate at concentrations of 0.001 to 1000 microM or with no drug (control treatment). Percentage viability was determined in cell samples for each concentration of pamidronate and each incubation time. A DNA fragmentation analysis was performed to assess bisphosphonate-induced apoptosis. RESULTS Osteosarcoma cell viability decreased significantly in a concentration- and time-dependent manner at pamidronate concentrations ranging from 100 to 1000 microM, most consistently after 48 and 72 hours' exposure. In treated osteosarcoma cells, the lowest percentage cell viability was 34% (detected after 72 hours' exposure to 1000 microM pamidronate). Conversely, 72 hours' exposure to 1000 microM pamidronate did not significantly reduce fibroblast viability (the lowest percentage viability was 76%). After 72 hours of exposure, pamidronate did not cause DNA fragmentation in POS or HMPOS cells. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicate that pamidronate may have the potential to inhibit osteosarcoma growth in dogs, possibly through a nonapoptotic mechanism. The clinical relevance of these in vitro findings remains to be determined, but administration of pamidronate may potentially be indicated as an adjuvant treatment in chemotherapeutic protocols used in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna A Ashton
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0126, USA
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