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Realizing quasi-monochromatic switchable thermal emission from electro-optically induced topological phase transitions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7400. [PMID: 35513498 PMCID: PMC9072548 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Explorations into the photonic analogs of topological materials have garnered significant research interest due to their application potential. Particularly in planar systems, the prospects of engendering extinguishable topological states can have wide-ranging implications. With an objective of employing these concepts for thermal emission engineering, here, we design and numerically investigate a quasi-monochromatic highly directional mid-infrared source elicited from inversion symmetry-protected topological interface states. Notably, by relying on the architecture of electro-optic effect-induced topological phase transitions, we introduce the possibility of ultrafast switching of thermal radiation. These reversible phase transitions, being free from carrier transport are inherently fast and evoke thermal emission modulation with a modulation depth upto 0.99. Specifically, our platform exhibits a near-perfect extinguishable spectral emission peak at \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$4~\mu$$\end{document}4μm with a quality factor of over 18500, displaying negligible parasitic emissions. Furthermore, the optimized interface state manifests itself for only one of the polarization modes, resulting in polarized emission under resonance conditions. To establish a methodical approach to parameter optimization, we also model our platform as a leaky mode resonator using the framework of temporal coupled-mode theory. We believe, our findings can provide a way forward in establishing complete control over the optical characteristics of the infrared thermal emitters.
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Extraordinary Optical Transmission by Hybrid Phonon-Plasmon Polaritons Using hBN Embedded in Plasmonic Nanoslits. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061567. [PMID: 34198718 PMCID: PMC8232318 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) exhibits natural hyperbolic dispersion in the infrared (IR) wavelength spectrum. In particular, the hybridization of its hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPPs) and surface plasmon resonances (SPRs) induced by metallic nanostructures is expected to serve as a new platform for novel light manipulation. In this study, the transmission properties of embedded hBN in metallic one-dimensional (1D) nanoslits were theoretically investigated using a rigorous coupled wave analysis method. Extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) was observed in the type-II Reststrahlen band, which was attributed to the hybridization of HPPs in hBN and SPRs in 1D nanoslits. The calculated electric field distributions indicated that the unique Fabry–Pérot-like resonance was induced by the hybridization of HPPs and SPRs in an embedded hBN cavity. The trajectory of the confined light was a zigzag owing to the hyperbolicity of hBN, and its resonance number depended primarily on the aspect ratio of the 1D nanoslit. Such an EOT is also independent of the slit width and incident angle of light. These findings can not only assist in the development of improved strategies for the extreme confinement of IR light but may also be applied to ultrathin optical filters, advanced photodetectors, and optical devices.
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Wang L, Liu J, Ren B, Cui Y, Song J, Jiang Y. Controlling Tamm phonons using hBN and a distributed Bragg reflector for narrowband refractive index sensing. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:4986-4992. [PMID: 34143062 DOI: 10.1364/ao.426211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Optical Tamm state with sharp reflection dip provides the sensing potential combined with high sensitivity. In this paper, we numerically demonstrate that narrowband refractive index sensing can be realized in a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) structure with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Here, we show that the sensitivity and narrowband properties can not only be regularly governed by different analyte thickness but also exhibit dependence on the number of DBR pairs and the thickness of the hBN layer. With varying the analyte index and optimized analyte thickness, the deep reflectance dip can be sustained with the sensitivity (figure of merit, FOM) close to 3.02 µm/RIU (1093/RIU). In addition, the different analyte categories can be detected through adjusting the thickness of the analyte-filled cavity. High sensitivity, combined with ultra-high FOM originated from strong Tamm phonon mode, offers a promising platform to detect the smallest variation of the refractive index.
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Abedini Dereshgi S, Folland TG, Murthy AA, Song X, Tanriover I, Dravid VP, Caldwell JD, Aydin K. Lithography-free IR polarization converters via orthogonal in-plane phonons in α-MoO 3 flakes. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5771. [PMID: 33188172 PMCID: PMC7666183 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploiting polaritons in natural vdW materials has been successful in achieving extreme light confinement and low-loss optical devices and enabling simplified device integration. Recently, α-MoO3 has been reported as a semiconducting biaxial vdW material capable of sustaining naturally orthogonal in-plane phonon polariton modes in IR. In this study, we investigate the polarization-dependent optical characteristics of cavities formed using α-MoO3 to extend the degrees of freedom in the design of IR photonic components exploiting the in-plane anisotropy of this material. Polarization-dependent absorption over 80% in a multilayer Fabry-Perot structure with α-MoO3 is reported without the need for nanoscale fabrication on the α-MoO3. We observe coupling between the α-MoO3 optical phonons and the Fabry-Perot cavity resonances. Using cross-polarized reflectance spectroscopy we show that the strong birefringence results in 15% of the total power converted into the orthogonal polarization with respect to incident wave. These findings can open new avenues in the quest for polarization filters and low-loss, integrated planar IR photonics and in dictating polarization control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Abedini Dereshgi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Thomas G Folland
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Akshay A Murthy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Xianglian Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D material Information Function Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ibrahim Tanriover
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Joshua D Caldwell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Koray Aydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA. .,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
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Hu J, Xie W, Chen J, Zhou L, Liu W, Li D, Zhan Q. Strong hyperbolic-magnetic polaritons coupling in an hBN/Ag-grating heterostructure. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:22095-22104. [PMID: 32752477 DOI: 10.1364/oe.398182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Strong coupling between hyperbolic phonon-polaritons (HP) and magnetic polaritons (MP) is theoretically studied in a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) covered deep silver grating structure. It is found that MP in grating trenches strongly interacts with HP in an anisotropic hBN thin film, leading to a large Rabi splitting with near-perfect dual band light absorption. Numerical results indicate that MP-HP coupling can be tuned by geometric parameters of the structure. More intriguingly, the resonantly enhanced fields for two branches of the hybrid mode demonstrate unusually different field patterns. One exhibits a volume-confined Zigzag propagation pattern in the hBN film, while the other shows a field-localization near the grating corners. Furthermore, resonance frequencies of these strongly coupled modes are very robust over a wide-angle range. The angle-insensitive strong interaction of hyperbolic-magnetic polaritons with dual band intense light absorption in this hybrid system offers a new paradigm for the development of various optical detecting, sensing and thermal emitting devices.
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Ghobadi A, Hajian H, Butun B, Ozbay E. Strong Interference in Planar, Multilayer Perfect Absorbers: Achieving High-Operational Performances in Visible and Near-Infrared Regimes. IEEE NANOTECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1109/mnano.2019.2916113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hajian H, Ghobadi A, Butun B, Ozbay E. Tunable, omnidirectional, and nearly perfect resonant absorptions by a graphene-hBN-based hole array metamaterial. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:16940-16954. [PMID: 30119512 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.016940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose an electrically tunable mid-infrared plasmonic-phononic absorber with omnidirectional and polarization insensitive nearly perfect resonant absorption characteristics. The absorber consists of a graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)/graphene multilayer on top of a gold bottom reflector separated by a dielectric spacer. The graphene/hBN/graphene multilayer is patterned as a hole array in square lattice. We analytically and numerically prove that, due to the support of hybrid plasmon-phonon-polaritons, nearly perfect multi-resonant absorption peaks with high quality factors are obtained both inside and outside of the Reststrahlen band of hBN. As a result of the hybridization of graphene plasmons with the hyperbolic phonon polaritons of hBN, the high quality resonant absorptions of the metamaterial are almost unaffected by decreasing the phenomenological electron relaxation time of graphene. Moreover, the obtained resonances can be effectively tuned in practice due to the continuity of the graphene layers in the hole array metamaterial. These features make the graphene-hBN metamaterial a skeptical design for practical purposes and mid-infrared multi-functional operations such as sensing.
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