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Tanriover I, Dereshgi SA, Aydin K. Metasurface enabled broadband all optical edge detection in visible frequencies. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6484. [PMID: 37838771 PMCID: PMC10576829 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42271-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Image processing is of fundamental importance for numerous modern technologies. In recent years, due to increasing demand for real-time and continuous data processing, metamaterial and metasurface based all-optical computation techniques emerged as a promising alternative to digital computation. Most of the pioneer research focused on all-optical edge detection as a fundamental step of image processing. Metasurfaces have been shown to enable real time edge detection with low to no power consumption. However, the previous demonstrations were subjected to the several limitations such as need for oblique-incidence, polarization dependence, need for additional polarizers, narrow operation bandwidth, being limited with processing in 1D, operation with coherent light only, and requiring digital post-processing. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate 2D isotropic, polarization-independent, broadband edge detection with high transmission efficiency under both coherent and incoherent illumination along the visible frequency range using a metasurface based on Fourier optics principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Tanriover
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sina Abedini Dereshgi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Koray Aydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
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2
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Li Y, Tanriover I, Zhou W, Hadibrata W, Dereshgi SA, Samanta D, Aydin K, Mirkin CA. Monolayer Plasmonic Nanoframes as Large-Area, Broadband Metasurface Absorbers. Small 2022; 18:e2201171. [PMID: 35859524 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Broadband absorbers are useful ultraviolet protection, energy harvesting, sensing, and thermal imaging. The thinner these structures are, the more device-relevant they become. However, it is difficult to synthesize ultrathin absorbers in a scalable and straightforward manner. A general and straightforward synthetic strategy for preparing ultrathin, broadband metasurface absorbers that do not rely on cumbersome lithographic steps is reported. These materials are prepared through the surface-assembly of plasmonic octahedral nanoframes (NFs) into large-area ordered monolayers via drop-casting with subsequent air-drying at room temperature. This strategy is used to produce three types of ultrathin broadband absorbers with thicknesses of ≈200 nm and different lattice symmetries (loose hexagonal, twisted hexagonal, dense hexagonal), all of which exhibit efficient light absorption (≈90%) across wavelengths ranging from 400-800 nm. Their broadband absorption is attributed to the hollow morphologies of the NFs, the incorporation of a high-loss material (i.e., Pt), and the strong field enhancement resulting from surface assembly. The broadband absorption is found to be polarization-independent and maintained for a wide range of incidence angles (±45°). The ability to design and fabricate broadband metasurface absorbers using this high-throughput surface-based assembly strategy is a significant step toward the large-scale, rapid manufacturing of nanophotonic structures and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Ibrahim Tanriover
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Wenjie Zhou
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Wisnu Hadibrata
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sina Abedini Dereshgi
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Devleena Samanta
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Koray Aydin
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Chad A Mirkin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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3
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Lee YS, Abedini Dereshgi S, Hao S, Cheng M, Shehzad MA, Wolverton C, Aydin K, Dos Reis R, Dravid VP. Probing the Optical Response and Local Dielectric Function of an Unconventional Si@MoS 2 Core-Shell Architecture. Nano Lett 2022; 22:4848-4853. [PMID: 35675212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heterostructures of optical cavities and quantum emitters have been highlighted for enhanced light-matter interactions. A silicon nanosphere, core, and MoS2, shell, structure is one such heterostructure referred to as the core@shell architecture. However, the complexity of the synthesis and inherent difficulties to locally probe this architecture have resulted in a lack of information about its localized features limiting its advances. Here, we utilize valence electron energy loss spectroscopy (VEELS) to extract spatially resolved dielectric functions of Si@MoS2 with nanoscale spatial resolution corroborated with simulations. A hybrid electronic critical point is identified ∼3.8 eV for Si@MoS2. The dielectric functions at the Si/MoS2 interface is further probed with a cross-sectioned core-shell to assess the contribution of each component. Various optical parameters can be defined via the dielectric function. Hence, the methodology and evolution of the dielectric function herein reported provide a platform for exploring other complex photonic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea-Shine Lee
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Sina Abedini Dereshgi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shiqiang Hao
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew Cheng
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Muhammad Arslan Shehzad
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher Wolverton
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Koray Aydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Roberto Dos Reis
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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4
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Larciprete MC, Dereshgi SA, Centini M, Aydin K. Tuning and hybridization of surface phonon polaritons in α-MoO 3 based metamaterials. Opt Express 2022; 30:12788-12796. [PMID: 35472908 DOI: 10.1364/oe.453726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We propose an effective medium approach to tune and control surface phonon polariton dispersion relations along the three main crystallographic directions of α-phase molybdenum trioxide. We show that a metamaterial consisting of subwavelength air inclusions into the α-MoO3 matrix displays new absorption modes producing a split of the Reststrahlen bands of the crystal and creating new branches of phonon polaritons. In particular, we report hybridization of bulk and surface polariton modes by tailoring metamaterials' structural parameters. Theoretical predictions obtained with the effective medium approach are validated by full-field electromagnetic simulations using finite difference time domain method. Our study sheds light on the use of effective medium theory for modeling and predicting wavefront polaritons. Our simple yet effective approach could potentially enable different functionalities for hyperbolic infrared metasurface devices and circuits on a single compact platform for on-chip infrared photonics.
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Hinamoto T, Lee YS, Dereshgi SA, DiStefano JG, Dos Reis R, Sugimoto H, Aydin K, Fujii M, Dravid VP. Resonance Couplings in Si@MoS 2 Core-Shell Architectures. Small 2022; 18:e2200413. [PMID: 35304967 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heterostructures of transition metal dichalcogenides and optical cavities that can couple to each other are rising candidates for advanced quantum optics and electronics. This is due to their enhanced light-matter interactions in the visible to near-infrared range. Core-shell structures are particularly valuable for their maximized interfacial area. Here, the chemical vapor deposition synthesis of Si@MoS2 core-shells and extensive structural characterization are presented. Compared with traditional plasmonic cores, the silicon dielectric Mie resonator core offers low Ohmic losses and a wider spectrum of optical modes. The magnetic dipole (MD) mode of the silicon core efficiently couples with MoS2 through its large tangential component at the core surface. Using transmission electron microscopy and correlative single-particle scattering spectroscopy, MD mode splitting is experimentally demonstrated in this unique Si@MoS2 core-shell structure. This is evidence for resonance coupling, which is limited to theoretical proposals in this particular system. A coupling constant of 39 meV is achieved, which is ≈1.5-fold higher than previous reports of particle-on-film geometries with a smaller interfacial area. Finally, higher-order systems with the potential to tune properties are demonstrated through a dimer system of Si@MoS2 , forming the basis for emerging architectures for optoelectronic and nanophotonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Hinamoto
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodai Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yea-Shine Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sina Abedini Dereshgi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Jennifer G DiStefano
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Roberto Dos Reis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Hiroshi Sugimoto
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodai Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Koray Aydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Minoru Fujii
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodai Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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6
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Abedini Dereshgi S, Larciprete MC, Centini M, Murthy AA, Tang K, Wu J, Dravid VP, Aydin K. Tuning of Optical Phonons in α-MoO 3-VO 2 Multilayers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:48981-48987. [PMID: 34612637 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Merging the properties of VO2 and van der Waals (vdW) materials has given rise to novel tunable photonic devices. Despite recent studies on the effect of the phase change of VO2 on tuning near-field optical response of phonon polaritons in the infrared range, active tuning of optical phonons (OPhs) using far-field techniques has been scarce. Here, we investigate the tunability of OPhs of α-MoO3 in a multilayer structure with VO2. Our experiments show the frequency and intensity tuning of 2 cm-1 and 11% for OPhs in the [100] direction and 2 cm-1 and 28% for OPhs in the [010] crystal direction of α-MoO3. Using the effective medium theory and dielectric models of each layer, we verify these findings with simulations. We then use loss tangent analysis and remove the effect of the substrate to understand the origin of these spectral characteristics. We expect that these findings will assist in intelligently designing tunable photonic devices for infrared applications, such as tunable camouflage and radiative cooling devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Abedini Dereshgi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Maria Cristina Larciprete
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base ed Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Via Antonio Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Centini
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base ed Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Via Antonio Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Akshay A Murthy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kechao Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Junqiao Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental Center (NUANCE), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Koray Aydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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7
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Song X, Dereshgi SA, Palacios E, Xiang Y, Aydin K. Enhanced Interaction of Optical Phonons in h-BN with Plasmonic Lattice and Cavity Modes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:25224-25233. [PMID: 34008954 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is regarded as a milestone in the investigation of light interaction with phonon polaritons in two-dimensional van der Waals materials, showing significant potential in novel and high-efficient photonics devices in the mid-infrared region. Here, we investigate a structure composed of Au-grating arrays fabricated onto a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity composed of h-BN, Ge, and Au back-reflector layers. The plasmonic FP cavity reduces the required device thickness by enhancing modal interactions and introduces in-plane polarization sensitivity based on the Au array lattice. Our experiments show multiple absorption peaks of over 90% in the mid-infrared region and the band stop filters with 80% efficiency using only a 15 nm h-BN slab. Moreover, mode interaction with experimental coupling strengths as high as 10.8 meV in the mid-infrared region is investigated. In particular, the interaction and hybridization of optical phonon modes with plasmonic modes including the lattice and cavity modes are studied. Anticrossing splitting ascribed to the coupling of optical phonons to plasmonic modes can be tuned by the designed geometry which can be tailored to efficient response band engineering for infrared photonics. We also show that in practical applications involving wet transfer of h-BN thin films, the contribution of minor optical phonon modes to resonant peaks should not be ignored, which originate from defects and multicrystallinity in the h-BN slab. Our findings provide a favorable complement to manipulation of light-phonon interaction, inspiring a promising design of phonon-based nanophotonic devices in the infrared range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglian Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics (IMO), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Sina Abedini Dereshgi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Edgar Palacios
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yuanjiang Xiang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics (IMO), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Koray Aydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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8
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Abedini Dereshgi S, Folland TG, Murthy AA, Song X, Tanriover I, Dravid VP, Caldwell JD, Aydin K. Lithography-free IR polarization converters via orthogonal in-plane phonons in α-MoO 3 flakes. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5771. [PMID: 33188172 PMCID: PMC7666183 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploiting polaritons in natural vdW materials has been successful in achieving extreme light confinement and low-loss optical devices and enabling simplified device integration. Recently, α-MoO3 has been reported as a semiconducting biaxial vdW material capable of sustaining naturally orthogonal in-plane phonon polariton modes in IR. In this study, we investigate the polarization-dependent optical characteristics of cavities formed using α-MoO3 to extend the degrees of freedom in the design of IR photonic components exploiting the in-plane anisotropy of this material. Polarization-dependent absorption over 80% in a multilayer Fabry-Perot structure with α-MoO3 is reported without the need for nanoscale fabrication on the α-MoO3. We observe coupling between the α-MoO3 optical phonons and the Fabry-Perot cavity resonances. Using cross-polarized reflectance spectroscopy we show that the strong birefringence results in 15% of the total power converted into the orthogonal polarization with respect to incident wave. These findings can open new avenues in the quest for polarization filters and low-loss, integrated planar IR photonics and in dictating polarization control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Abedini Dereshgi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Thomas G Folland
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Akshay A Murthy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Xianglian Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D material Information Function Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ibrahim Tanriover
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Joshua D Caldwell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Koray Aydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA. .,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
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Dereshgi SA, Liu Z, Aydin K. Anisotropic localized surface plasmons in borophene. Opt Express 2020; 28:16725-16739. [PMID: 32549488 DOI: 10.1364/oe.392011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical study on the plasmonic response of borophene, a monolayer 2D material that is predicted to exhibit metallic response and anisotropic plasmonic behavior in visible wavelengths. We investigate plasmonic properties of borophene thin films as well as borophene nanoribbons and nanopatches where polarization-sensitive absorption values in the order of 50% is obtained with monolayer borophene. It is demonstrated that by adding a metal layer, this absorption can be enhanced to 100%. We also examine giant dichroism in monolayer borophene which can be tuned passively (patterning) and actively (electrostatic gating) and our simulations yield 20% reflected light with significant polarization rotation. These findings reveal the potential of borophene in the manipulation of phase, amplitude and polarization of light at the extreme subwavelength scales.
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Deng G, Song X, Dereshgi SA, Xu H, Aydin K. Tunable multi-wavelength absorption in mid-IR region based on a hybrid patterned graphene-hBN structure. Opt Express 2019; 27:23576-23584. [PMID: 31510632 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.023576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a patterned graphene-hBN metamaterial structure and theoretically demonstrate the tunable multi-wavelength absorption within the hybrid structure. The simulation results show that the hybrid plasmon-phonon polariton modes originate from the coupling between plasmon polaritons in graphene and phonons in hBN, which are responsible for the triple-band absorption. By varying the Fermi level of graphene patterns, the absorption peaks can be tuned dynamically and continuously, and the surface plasmon-phonon polariton modes in the proposed structure enable high absorption and wideband tunability. In addition, how different structural parameters affect the absorption spectra is discussed. This work provides us a new method for the control and enhancement of plasmon-phonon polariton interactions.
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Ghobadi A, Dereshgi SA, Hajian H, Birant G, Butun B, Bek A, Ozbay E. 97 percent light absorption in an ultrabroadband frequency range utilizing an ultrathin metal layer: randomly oriented, densely packed dielectric nanowires as an excellent light trapping scaffold. Nanoscale 2017; 9:16652-16660. [PMID: 28901365 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr04186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a facile and large scale compatible design to obtain perfect ultrabroadband light absorption using metal-dielectric core-shell nanowires. The design consists of atomic layer deposited (ALD) Pt metal uniformly wrapped around hydrothermally grown titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanowires. It is found that the randomly oriented dense TiO2 nanowires can impose excellent light trapping properties where the existence of an ultrathin Pt layer (with a thickness of 10 nm) can absorb the light in an ultrabroadband frequency range with an amount near unity. Throughout this study, we first investigate the formation of resonant modes in the metallic nanowires. Our findings prove that a nanowire structure can support multiple longitudinal localized surface plasmons (LSPs) along its axis together with transverse resonance modes. Our investigations showed that the spectral position of these resonance peaks can be tuned with the length, radius, and orientation of the nanowire. Therefore, TiO2 random nanowires can contain all of these features simultaneously in which the superposition of responses for these different geometries leads to a flat perfect light absorption. The obtained results demonstrate that taking unique advantages of the ALD method, together with excellent light trapping of chemically synthesized nanowires, a perfect, bifacial, wide angle, and large scale compatible absorber can be made where an excellent performance is achieved while using less materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghobadi
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
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Ghobadi A, Hajian H, Dereshgi SA, Bozok B, Butun B, Ozbay E. Disordered Nanohole Patterns in Metal-Insulator Multilayer for Ultra-broadband Light Absorption: Atomic Layer Deposition for Lithography Free Highly repeatable Large Scale Multilayer Growth. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15079. [PMID: 29118435 PMCID: PMC5678139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15312-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate a facile, lithography free, and large scale compatible fabrication route to synthesize an ultra-broadband wide angle perfect absorber based on metal-insulator-metal-insulator (MIMI) stack design. We first conduct a simulation and theoretical modeling approach to study the impact of different geometries in overall stack absorption. Then, a Pt-Al2O3 multilayer is fabricated using a single atomic layer deposition (ALD) step that offers high repeatability and simplicity in the fabrication step. In the best case, we get an absorption bandwidth (BW) of 600 nm covering a range of 400 nm–1000 nm. A substantial improvement in the absorption BW is attained by incorporating a plasmonic design into the middle Pt layer. Our characterization results demonstrate that the best configuration can have absorption over 0.9 covering a wavelength span of 400 nm–1490 nm with a BW that is 1.8 times broader compared to that of planar design. On the other side, the proposed structure retains its absorption high at angles as wide as 70°. The results presented here can serve as a beacon for future performance enhanced multilayer designs where a simple fabrication step can boost the overall device response without changing its overall thickness and fabrication simplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghobadi
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey. .,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Hodjat Hajian
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sina Abedini Dereshgi
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berkay Bozok
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bayram Butun
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ekmel Ozbay
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey. .,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey. .,Department of Physics, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey. .,UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Ghobadi A, Dereshgi SA, Butun B, Ozbay E. Ultra-broadband Asymmetric Light Transmission and Absorption Through The Use of Metal Free Multilayer Capped Dielectric Microsphere Resonator. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14538. [PMID: 29109475 PMCID: PMC5674040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a simple design with an excellent performance to obtain high contrast in transmission asymmetry based on dielectric microspheres. Initially, we scrutinize the impact of the sphere radius on forward and backward transmissions. Afterward, by introducing a capping layer on top of the sphere, transmission response for the backward illuminated light will be blocked. In the next step, in order to replace the reflecting metal cap with a metal free absorbing design, we adopt a modeling approach based on the transfer matrix method (TMM) to explore an ideal material to achieve metal free perfect absorption in a multilayer configuration of material-insulator-material-insulator (MIMI). As a result of our investigations, it is found that Titanium Nitride (TiN) is an excellent alternative to replace metal in a MIMI multilayer stack. Setting this stack as the top capping coating, we obtain a high contrast between forward and backward light transmission where in an ultra-broadband range of 400 nm-1000 nm, forward transmission is above 0.85 while its backward response stays below 0.2. Moreover, due to the existence of multilayer stack, a high asymmetry is also observed for absorption profiles. This design has a relatively simple and large scale compatible fabrication route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghobadi
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sina Abedini Dereshgi
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bayram Butun
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ekmel Ozbay
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Physics, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
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14
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Ghobadi A, Hajian H, Gokbayrak M, Dereshgi SA, Toprak A, Butun B, Ozbay E. Visible light nearly perfect absorber: an optimum unit cell arrangement for near absolute polarization insensitivity. Opt Express 2017; 25:27624-27634. [PMID: 29092233 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.027624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we propose an optimum unit cell arrangement to obtain near absolute polarization insensitivity in a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) based ultra-broadband perfect absorber. Our findings prove that upon utilizing this optimum arrangement, the response of the absorber is retained and unchanged over all arbitrary incidence light polarizations, regardless of the shape of the top metal patch. First, the impact of the geometry of the top nanopatch resonators on the absorption bandwidth of the overall structure is explored. Then, the response of the MIM design for different incidence polarizations and angles is scrutinized. Finally, the proposed design is fabricated and characterized.
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15
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Ghobadi A, Dereshgi SA, Hajian H, Bozok B, Butun B, Ozbay E. Ultra-broadband, wide angle absorber utilizing metal insulator multilayers stack with a multi-thickness metal surface texture. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4755. [PMID: 28684879 PMCID: PMC5500529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04964-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a facile route to fabricate a metal insulator multilayer stack to obtain ultra-broadband, wide angle behavior from the structure. The absorber, which covers near infrared (NIR) and visible (Vis) ranges, consists of a metal-insulator-metal-insulator (MIMI) multilayer where the middle metal layer has a variant thickness. It is found that this non-uniform thickness of the metal provides us with an absorption that is much broader compared to planar architecture. In the non-uniform case, each thickness is responsible for a specific wavelength range where the overall absorption is the superposition of these resonant responses and consequently a broad, perfect light absorption is attained. We first numerically examine the impact of different geometries on the overall light absorption property of the multilayer design. Afterward, we fabricate the designs and characterize them to experimentally verify our numerical findings. Characterizations show a good agreement with numerical results where the optimum absorption bandwidth for planar design is found to be 620 nm (380 nm-1000 nm) and it is significantly boosted to an amount of 1060 nm (350 nm-1410 nm) for multi-thickness case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghobadi
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sina Abedini Dereshgi
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hodjat Hajian
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berkay Bozok
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bayram Butun
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ekmel Ozbay
- NANOTAM-Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Physics, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
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16
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Dereshgi SA, Okyay AK. Large area compatible broadband superabsorber surfaces in the VIS-NIR spectrum utilizing metal-insulator-metal stack and plasmonic nanoparticles. Opt Express 2016; 24:17644-17653. [PMID: 27505733 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.017644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonically enhanced absorbing structures have been emerging as strong candidates for photovoltaic (PV) devices. We investigate metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structures that are suitable for tuning spectral absorption properties by modifying layer thicknesses. We have utilized gold and silver nanoparticles to form the top metal (M) region, obtained by dewetting process compatible with large area processes. For the middle (I) and bottom (M) layers, different dielectric materials and metals are investigated. Optimum MIM designs are discussed. We experimentally demonstrate less than 10 percent reflection for most of the visible (VIS) and near infrared (NIR) spectrum. In such stacks, computational analysis shows that the bottom metal is responsible for large portion of absorption with a peak of 80 percent at 1000 nm wavelength for chromium case.
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