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Tastekin B, Akcan R, Evran E, Tamer U, Zengin HY, Yildirim MS, Boyaci IH. Estimation of time since deposition of semen stain on different fabric types using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics. Forensic Sci Int 2024; 354:111885. [PMID: 38007869 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Various body fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and saliva are frequently encountered at crime scene. In cases of sexual assault, semen stains are one of the most reliable evidence of biological origin. In this study, our objective was to develop a method for estimating the time since deposition of semen stains on five different fabric types using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy, with a focus on a time frame of up to 8 weeks. Semen samples from six different volunteers were dripped onto five distinct fabric materials, and ATR-FTIR measurements were obtained at 17 different time points. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) methods were employed to differentiate semen stains on various fabric samples and estimate the age of semen stains. Models constructed using PCA and PLSR achieved high R2 values and low root-mean-square error (RMSE). While the performance varies depending on fabric types, it was observed that age estimation of semen stains can be made within following intervals: 0.39-0.76 days for 0-7 day range, 2.59-3.38 days for the 1-8 week range, and 3.98-8.1 days for the 0-56 day range. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics to estimate the age of human semen stains on various fabric types based on time-dependent spectral changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Tastekin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ramazan Akcan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Eylul Evran
- Department of Food Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ugur Tamer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - H Yagmur Zengin
- Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mahmut Serif Yildirim
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
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Yildirim MŞ, Akçan R, Aras S, Tamer U, Evran E, Taştekin B, Aydogan C, Boyaci İH. Overcoming obstacles: Analysis of blood and semen stains washed with different chemicals with ATR-FTIR. Forensic Sci Int 2023; 344:111607. [PMID: 36801543 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood and semen stains are the most common biological stains encountered at crime scenes. The washing of biological stains is a common application that perpetrators use to spoil the crime scene. With a structured experiment approach, this study aims to investigate the effects of washing with various chemicals on the ATR-FTIR detection of blood and semen stains on cotton. MATERIALS AND METHODS On cotton pieces, a total of 78 blood and 78 semen stains were applied, and each group of six stains was immersed or mechanically cleaned in water, 40% methanol, 5% sodium hypochlorite solution, 5% hypochlorous acid solution, 5 g/L soap dissolved pure water, and 5 g/L dishwashing detergent dissolved water. ATR-FTIR spectra gathered from all stains and analyzed with chemometric tools. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION According to performance parameters of developed models, PLS-DA is a powerful tool for discrimination of washing chemical for both washed blood and semen stains. Results from this study show that FTIR is promising for use in detecting blood and semen stains that have become invisible to the naked eye due to washing of the findings. CONCLUSION Our approach allows blood and semen to be detected on cotton pieces using FTIR combined with chemometrics, even though it is not visible to the naked eye. Washing chemicals also can be distinguished via FTIR spectra of stains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Şerif Yildirim
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Ramazan Akçan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sümer Aras
- Department of Biotechnology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Uğur Tamer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eylül Evran
- Department of Food Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Taştekin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canberk Aydogan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Gülhane Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Vibrational spectroscopic approaches for semen analysis in forensic investigation: State of the art and way forward. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Analysis of the ex-vivo transformation of semen, saliva and urine as they dry out using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometric approach. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11855. [PMID: 34088945 PMCID: PMC8178304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The ex-vivo biochemical changes of different body fluids also referred as aging of fluids are potential marker for the estimation of Time since deposition. Infrared spectroscopy has great potential to reveal the biochemical changes in these fluids as previously reported by several researchers. The present study is focused to analyze the spectral changes in the ATR-FTIR spectra of three body fluids, commonly encountered in violent crimes i.e., semen, saliva, and urine as they dry out. The whole analytical timeline is divided into relatively slow phase I due to the major contribution of water and faster Phase II due to significant evaporation of water. Two spectral regions i.e., 3200–3400 cm−1 and 1600–1000 cm−1 are the major contributors to the spectra of these fluids. Several peaks in the spectral region between 1600 and 1000 cm−1 showed highly significant regression equation with a higher coefficient of determination values in Phase II in contrary to the slow passing Phase I. Principal component and Partial Least Square Regression analysis are the two chemometric tool used to estimate the time since deposition of the aforesaid fluids as they dry out. Additionally, this study potentially estimates the time since deposition of an offense from the aging of the body fluids at the early stages after its occurrence as well as works as the precursor for further studies on an extended timeframe.
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Pereira DFDC, Matias Ribeiro MS, de Sousa Simamoto BB, Dias EHV, Costa JDO, Santos-Filho NA, Bordon KDCF, Arantes EC, Dantas NO, Silva ACA, de Oliveira F, Mamede CCN. Baltetin: a new C-type lectin-like isolated from Bothrops alternatus snake venom which act as a platelet aggregation inhibiting. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1173:122695. [PMID: 33915386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectin-like proteins found in snake venom, known as snaclecs, have important effects on hemostasis through targeting membrane receptors, coagulation factors and other hemostatic proteins. Here, we present the isolation and functional characterization of a snaclec isolated from Bothrops alternatus venom, designated as Baltetin. We purified the protein in three chromatographic steps (anion-exchange, affinity and reversed-phase chromatography). Baltetin is a dimeric snaclec that is approximately 15 and 25 kDa under reducing and non-reducing conditions, respectively, as estimated by SDS-PAGE. Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and Edman degradation sequencing revealed that Baltetin is a heterodimer. The first 40 amino acid residues of the N-terminal region of Baltetin subunits share a high degree of sequence identity with other snaclecs. Baltetin had a specific, dose-dependent inhibitory effect on epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation in human platelet-rich plasma, inhibiting up to 69% of platelet aggregation. Analysis of the infrared spectra suggested that the interaction between Baltetin and platelets can be attributed to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the PO32- groups in the protein and PO2- groups in the platelet membrane. This interaction may lead to membrane lipid peroxidation, which prevents epinephrine from binding to its receptor. The present work suggests that Baltetin, a new C-type lectin-like protein isolated from B. alternatus venom, is the first snaclec to inhibit epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation. This could be of medical interest as a new tool for the development of novel therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of thrombotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Júnia de Oliveira Costa
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, Campus Ituiutaba, Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eliane Candiani Arantes
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Anielle Christine Almeida Silva
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Fábio de Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Carla Cristine Neves Mamede
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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Rapid measures of user's adherence to vaginal drug products using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and multivariate discriminant techniques. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197906. [PMID: 29799875 PMCID: PMC5969765 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The topical HIV prevention (microbicides) field is in acute need of a method to rapidly and objectively measure adherence to product use in clinical trials. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy has been used in many pharmaceutical and forensic applications but has yet to be applied to adherence monitoring. In this study, we report on efforts to test the feasibility of using IR spectroscopy as a means to measure residual active or placebo vaginal product, semen exposure and vaginal insertion from a single swab. Methods A portable IR spectrometer equipped with diamond attenuated total reflectance (ATR) was used to capture spectra of unused vs. vaginally-used swabs, vaginal swabs containing semen, and vaginal swabs to which either tenofovir-containing or matching placebo products (vaginal gel or insert) were added. Spectral data obtained from swabs placed directly on the spectrometer were divided into calibration and testing sets for developing and validating discriminant models set up to provide yes/no predictions of: vaginal vs. non-vaginal use, presence vs. no presence of each test product, and presence vs. no presence of semen. Further validation of models was performed using vaginal swabs collected from a clinical study evaluating vaginally administered placebo insert formulations. Results For each discriminant model developed to predict vaginal vs. non-vaginal use, presence vs. no presence of each test product, and presence vs. no presence of semen, classified validation samples not included in the model development were correctly identified into their respective classes with minimal prediction error. Clinically obtained vaginal swabs collected 15–60 minutes after placebo insert use were also correctly identified, further validating the models. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the proof of concept that IR spectroscopy can be a method for rapid detection and characterization of microbicide products and biological fluids present in vaginal swabs. This novel method has potential to support real-time, on-site adherence monitoring in clinical or field settings.
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Matias MS, de Sousa BB, da Cunha Pereira DF, Dias EHV, Mamede CCN, de Queiroz MR, Silva ACA, Dantas NO, Soares AM, de Oliveira Costa J, de Oliveira F. BaltDC: purification, characterization and infrared spectroscopy of an antiplatelet DC protein isolated from Bothrops alternatus snake venom. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2017; 23:36. [PMID: 28775739 PMCID: PMC5534087 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-017-0126-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Snake venoms are a complex mixture of proteins, organic and inorganic compounds. Some of these proteins, enzymatic or non-enzymatic ones, are able to interact with platelet receptors, causing hemostatic disorders. The possible therapeutic potential of toxins with antiplatelet properties may arouse interest in the pharmacological areas. The present study aimed to purify and characterize an antiplatelet DC protein from Bothrops alternatus snake venom. Methods The protein, called BaltDC (DC protein from B. alternatus snake venom), was purified by a combination of ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel column and gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. The molecular mass was estimated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS-PAGE). The amino acid sequence of the N-terminal region was carried out by Edman degradation method. Platelet aggregation assays were performed in human platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Infrared (IR) spectroscopy was used in order to elucidate the interactions between BaltDC and platelet membrane. Results BaltDC ran as a single protein band on SDS-PAGE and showed apparent molecular mass of 32 kDa under reducing or non-reducing conditions. The N-terminal region of the purified protein revealed the amino acid sequence IISPPVCGNELLEVGEECDCGTPENCQNECCDA, which showed identity with other snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs). BaltDC was devoid of proteolytic, hemorrhagic, defibrinating or coagulant activities, but it showed a specific inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation induced by ristocetin and epinephrine in PRP. IR analysis spectra strongly suggests that PO32− groups, present in BaltDC, form hydrogen bonds with the PO2− groups present in the non-lipid portion of the membrane platelets. Conclusions BaltDC may be of medical interest since it was able to inhibit platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Santos Matias
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Bruna Barbosa de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (N-Biofar), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Déborah Fernanda da Cunha Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Edigar Henrique Vaz Dias
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Carla Cristine Neves Mamede
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Monte Carmelo, MG Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (N-Biofar), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Mayara Ribeiro de Queiroz
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (N-Biofar), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | | | | | - Andreimar Martins Soares
- Center for the Study of Biomolecules Applied to Health (CEBio), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz - Rondônia) and Health Group, Federal University of Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO Brazil.,University Center São Lucas (UniSL), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
| | - Júnia de Oliveira Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM), Campus Ituiutaba, Ituiutaba, MG Brazil
| | - Fábio de Oliveira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (N-Biofar), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
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Muro CK, Lednev IK. Race Differentiation Based on Raman Spectroscopy of Semen Traces for Forensic Purposes. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4344-4348. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire K. Muro
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Igor K. Lednev
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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Gregório I, Zapata F, García-Ruiz C. Analysis of human bodily fluids on superabsorbent pads by ATR-FTIR. Talanta 2016; 162:634-640. [PMID: 27837882 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Superabsorbent pads are composed of different layers with different grades of absorbent capacity, being the lower one the most absorbent layer. Due to their complexity, the analysis of bodily fluids on superabsorbent pads is certainly difficult. In this study, semen, vaginal fluid and urine stains placed on superabsorbent pads including sanitary napkins, panty-liners and diapers were non-destructively detected by Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In spite of the higher absorbent capacity of the lower layers, this technique was able to detect the three fluids on the upper layer of all pads, showing that bodily fluids are distributed within all layers. Additionally, mixtures of these bodily fluids prepared on superabsorbent pads and cotton were studied, since real forensic investigations involving sexual abuse cases usually deal with mixtures of these fluids. Due to their IR marked protein region (1800-1480cm-1), semen and vaginal fluid were easily distinguished from urine. However, since semen and vaginal fluid have both a high protein composition, that region of their IR signatures were quite similar, except for slight visual differences, that should be further analysed. Therefore, we propose ATR-FTIR as a suitable, presumptive, non-destructive and rapid approach to detect stains of human bodily fluids on the upper layer of superabsorbent pads from sexual crimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Gregório
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Zapata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Total antioxidant capacity, catalase activity, and lipid peroxidation changes in seminal plasma of sex-reversed female and male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during spawning season. Theriogenology 2016; 86:1975-82. [PMID: 27474236 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The advantages of gender-related characteristics are used in aquaculture practice to improve production. For instance, all-female stock is preferable than mixed or all-male stock in salmonid culture. The most effective way to obtain all-female populations is the using of sex-reversed (SR) female trouts, genotypically female but phenotypically male, by masculinizing androgen hormones as breeders in artificial insemination. This study was conducted to evaluate changes in the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein concentration, catalase (CAT) activity, lipid peroxidation level (LPO; malondialdehyde), and Fourier transform infrared spectra of seminal plasma of SR female and normal (N) male trouts during the spawning season. Seminal plasma TAC values of N male and SR female trouts were determined as 0.015 ± 0.004 and 0.116 ± 0.033 mM of Trolox equivalents, respectively, in the middle of the spawning season. Some regions related to aromatic rings in seminal plasma Fourier transform infrared spectra of SR female trouts differed from N male trouts were indicated to the higher TAC values. At the middle of the spawning season, protein concentrations were determined as 569.5 ± 139.4 mg/dL in SR female trouts and 66.3 ± 22.7 mg/dL in N male trouts. LPO levels in seminal plasma of N male trouts varied from 46.33 ± 12.05 × 10(-3) to 270.02 ± 70.64 × 10(-3) nmol/mg protein, whereas from 13.87 ± 4.98 × 10(-3) to 48.49 ± 17.31 × 10(-3) nmol/mg protein in SR female trouts throughout the spawning. CAT activities of seminal plasma in N male trouts ranged from 0.38 ± 0.26 to 0.47 ± 0.32 kU/mg protein, whereas those values in SR female trouts varied between 0.21 ± 0.10 and 0.43 ± 0.15 kU/mg protein. Moreover, there were the pairwise significant correlations among all variables except between CAT and TAC (P > 0.05). Remarkable correlations were found between LPO-protein (r = -0.922, P < 0.05, n = 190), LPO-TAC (r = -0.859, P < 0.05, n = 98), and TAC protein (r = +0.879, P < 0.05, n = 98). Similar to seminal plasma of N male trouts, TAC values, protein concentrations, and CAT activities in seminal plasma of SR female trouts have shown decline, whereas LPO levels increased toward the end of the spawning seasons. Seminal plasmas of SR female trouts were characterized by higher protein concentrations and TAC values and lower LPO levels than that from N male trouts.
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Probing suitable therapeutic nanoparticles for controlled drug delivery and diagnostic reproductive health biomarker development. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 61:235-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pitfalls and promises in FTIR spectromicroscopy analyses to monitor iron-mediated DNA damage in sperm. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 61:39-46. [PMID: 26923261 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Many drugs, chemicals, and environmental factors can impair sperm functionality by inducing DNA damage, one of the important causes of reduced fertility potential. The use of vibrational spectromicroscopy represents a promising approach for monitoring DNA integrity in sperm, although some limitations exist, depending from the experimental conditions. Here, we report that when using FTIR spectromicroscopy to reveal oxidative stress mediated by Fenton's reaction on hydrated sperm samples, DNA damage interpretation is partially compromised by unexpected cell surface precipitates. The precipitates give a broad band in the 1150-1000cm(-1) infrared region, which partially covers one of the signatures of DNA (phosphate stretching bands), and are detected as iron and oxygen containing material when using XRF spectroscopy. On the other hand, the analyses further support the potential of FTIR spectromicroscopy to reveal cellular oxidative damage events such as lipid peroxidation, protein misfolding and aggregations, as well as DNA strain breaks.
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Orphanou CM, Walton-Williams L, Mountain H, Cassella J. The detection and discrimination of human body fluids using ATR FT-IR spectroscopy. Forensic Sci Int 2015; 252:e10-6. [PMID: 25944716 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Blood, saliva, semen and vaginal secretions are the main human body fluids encountered at crime scenes. Currently presumptive tests are routinely utilised to indicate the presence of body fluids, although these are often subject to false positives and limited to particular body fluids. Over the last decade more sensitive and specific body fluid identification methods have been explored, such as mRNA analysis and proteomics, although these are not yet appropriate for routine application. This research investigated the application of ATR FT-IR spectroscopy for the detection and discrimination of human blood, saliva, semen and vaginal secretions. The results demonstrated that ATR FT-IR spectroscopy can detect and distinguish between these body fluids based on the unique spectral pattern, combination of peaks and peak frequencies corresponding to the macromolecule groups common within biological material. Comparisons with known abundant proteins relevant to each body fluid were also analysed to enable specific peaks to be attributed to the relevant protein components, which further reinforced the discrimination and identification of each body fluid. Overall, this preliminary research has demonstrated the potential for ATR FT-IR spectroscopy to be utilised in the routine confirmatory screening of biological evidence due to its quick and robust application within forensic science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte-Maria Orphanou
- Forensic & Crime Science, Staffordshire University, Science Centre, Leek Road, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire ST4 2DF, United Kingdom.
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Huang Z, Chen X, Chen Y, Chen J, Dou M, Feng S, Zeng H, Chen R. Raman spectroscopic characterization and differentiation of seminal plasma. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011; 16:110501. [PMID: 22112099 DOI: 10.1117/1.3650310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy (RS) was applied for the analysis of seminal plasma in order to detect spectral parameters, which might be used for differentiating the normal and abnormal semen samples. Raman spectra of seminal plasma separated from normal and abnormal semen samples, showed a distinct difference in peak ratios between 1449 and 1418 cm(-1) (P < 0.05). More efficient alternative method of using principal component analysis-linear discriminate analysis based on Raman spectroscopic data yielded a diagnostic sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 82%. The results suggest that RS combined with the multivariate analysis method has the potential for differentiating semen samples by examination of the corresponding seminal plasma.
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Elkins KM. Rapid presumptive "fingerprinting" of body fluids and materials by ATR FT-IR spectroscopy. J Forensic Sci 2011; 56:1580-7. [PMID: 21827466 DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01870.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human body fluids and materials were evaluated using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Purified proteins, cosmetics, and foodstuffs were also assayed with the method. The results of this study show that the sampled fluids and materials vary in the fingerprint region and locations of the amide I peaks because of the secondary structure of the composite proteins although the C = O stretch is always present. The distinct 1016 cm(-1) peak serves as a signature for semen. The lipid-containing materials (e.g., fingerprints, earwax, tears, and skin) can also be easily separated from the aqueous materials because of the strong CH(3) asymmetric stretch of the former. Blood-saliva and blood-urine mixtures were also successfully differentiated using combinations of peaks. Crime scene investigators employing rapid, portable, or handheld infrared spectroscopic instruments may be able to reduce their need for invasive, destructive, and consumptive presumptive test reagents in evaluating trace evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Elkins
- Department of Chemistry, Criminalistics Program, Metropolitan State College of Denver, PO Box 173362, Campus Box 52, Denver, CO 80217-3362, USA.
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Seli E, Sakkas D, Scott R, Kwok SC, Rosendahl SM, Burns DH. Noninvasive metabolomic profiling of embryo culture media using Raman and near-infrared spectroscopy correlates with reproductive potential of embryos in women undergoing in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril 2007; 88:1350-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 07/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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