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Nickel AE, Scullin MK. Sleep quality and sleep duration are associated with charitable donations: Evidence from two population-based surveys. Sleep Med 2024; 124:378-380. [PMID: 39388899 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 09/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Insufficient sleep alters emotional processing, leading to mood disturbances, reduced gratitude, and potentially the withdrawal of compassionate helping. Using data from two national surveys, we investigated whether sleep quality and sleep duration were associated with willingness to donate to local charities and places of worship. METHODS We conducted secondary analyses of two Gallup-administered studies that used random address-based sampling methodologies to approximate population-representative samples. BRS-5 included 1501 respondents and BRS-6 included 1336 respondents (independent samples). Each survey inquired about sleep quality and whether participants had donated in the last year to local organizations and places of worship. In addition, BRS-5 included questions about sleep duration. RESULTS In both studies, participants who had better sleep quality and better sleep durations were more likely to donate charitably to local organizations and places of worship (ORs of 1.07-1.45). Most associations remained significant when accounting for age, gender, and income. CONCLUSION Better sleep was associated with a greater likelihood to donate charitably. Experimental work is needed to determine if the relationship between sleep health and prosocial behaviors is uni- or bi-directional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison E Nickel
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Michael K Scullin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
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2
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Stockinger E, Gallotti R, Hausladen CI. Early morning hour and evening usage habits increase misinformation-spread. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20233. [PMID: 39215045 PMCID: PMC11364767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69447-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Social media manipulation poses a significant threat to cognitive autonomy and unbiased opinion formation. Prior literature explored the relationship between online activity and emotional state, cognitive resources, sunlight and weather. However, a limited understanding exists regarding the role of time of day in content spread and the impact of user activity patterns on susceptibility to mis- and disinformation. This work uncovers a strong correlation between user activity time patterns and the tendency to spread potentially disinformative content. Through quantitative analysis of Twitter (now X) data, we examine how user activity throughout the day aligns with diurnal behavioural archetypes. Evening types exhibit a significantly higher inclination towards spreading potentially disinformative content, which is more likely at night-time. This knowledge can become crucial for developing targeted interventions and strategies that mitigate misinformation spread by addressing vulnerable periods and user groups more susceptible to manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Stockinger
- Computational Social Science, Department of Humanities, Social and Political Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland.
| | - Riccardo Gallotti
- Complex Human Behaviour Lab, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, 38123, Italy
| | - Carina I Hausladen
- Computational Social Science, Department of Humanities, Social and Political Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
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3
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Chen D, Xia T, Yao Z, Zhang L, Hu X. Modulating social learning-induced evaluation updating during human sleep. NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2024; 9:43. [PMID: 38971834 PMCID: PMC11227583 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-024-00255-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
People often change their evaluations upon learning about their peers' evaluations, i.e., social learning. Given sleep's vital role in consolidating daytime experiences, sleep may facilitate social learning, thereby further changing people's evaluations. Combining a social learning task and the sleep-based targeted memory reactivation technique, we asked whether social learning-induced evaluation updating can be modulated during sleep. After participants had indicated their initial evaluation of snacks, they learned about their peers' evaluations while hearing the snacks' spoken names. During the post-learning non-rapid-eye-movement sleep, we re-played half of the snack names (i.e., cued snack) to reactivate the associated peers' evaluations. Upon waking up, we found that the social learning-induced evaluation updating further enlarged for both cued and uncued snacks. Examining sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) activity revealed that cue-elicited delta-theta EEG power and the overnight N2 sleep spindle density predicted post-sleep evaluation updating for cued but not for uncued snacks. These findings underscore the role of sleep-mediated memory reactivation and the associated neural activity in supporting social learning-induced evaluation updating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Chen
- Department of Psychology, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tao Xia
- Department of Psychology, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ziqing Yao
- Department of Psychology, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lingqi Zhang
- Department of Psychology, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Department of Psychology, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, China.
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4
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Macchitella L, Spaccavento S, Arigliani M, Giaquinto F, Turi M, Battista P, De Benedetto M, Leccese G, Aliani M, Angelelli P. Mind reading dysfunctions in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: A neuropsychological approach. J Neuropsychol 2024. [PMID: 38956923 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder that has been extensively studied for its effects on cognitive functions. However, little attention has been given to investigating Mind Reading (MR) skills in patients with OSAS. In this study, we employed a neuropsychological approach to thoroughly assess various facets of MR skills in patients with OSAS. Forty-two patients with untreated moderate or severe OSAS (AHI ≥15; 30 men, 12 women) and 16 healthy controls (7 men and 9 women), matched by age, were enrolled. To assess MR skills, we used: (i) The Story-based Empathy Task (SET), which includes three experimental conditions: identifying intentions (SET-IA), emotional states (SET-EA), and a control condition for inferring causality reactions (SET-CI); (ii) the Ekman 60 Faces Test (Ek60), which measures emotion recognition from facial expressions. Our findings revealed that patients with OSAS exhibit deficits in emotion-related MR skills, while their ability to make inferences about the cognitive states of social partners remains largely preserved. This finding corroborates previous evidence indicating that social cognition, particularly MR skills, may be one of the cognitive domains affected by OSAS. It emphasizes the significance of investigating social cognition and the relationship between MR skills and social functioning as a new and intriguing area of research in patients with OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Macchitella
- Unit for Severe Disabilities in Developmental Age and Young Adults (Developmental Neurology and Neurorehabilitation), Associazione "La Nostra Famiglia" - IRCCS "E. Medea", Scientific Hospital for Neurorehabilitation, Brindisi, Italy
| | | | - Michele Arigliani
- Department of ENT (Otolaryngology), "V. Fazzi" Hospital, Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Giaquinto
- Lab of Applied Psychology and Intervention, Department of Human and Social Studies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Marco Turi
- Lab of Applied Psychology and Intervention, Department of Human and Social Studies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuliana Leccese
- Lab of Applied Psychology and Intervention, Department of Human and Social Studies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Aliani
- IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA SB, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Angelelli
- Lab of Applied Psychology and Intervention, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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5
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Sharon O, Ben Simon E, Shah VD, Desel T, Walker MP. The new science of sleep: From cells to large-scale societies. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002684. [PMID: 38976664 PMCID: PMC11230563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past 20 years, more remarkable revelations about sleep and its varied functions have arguably been made than in the previous 200. Building on this swell of recent findings, this essay provides a broad sampling of selected research highlights across genetic, molecular, cellular, and physiological systems within the body, networks within the brain, and large-scale social dynamics. Based on this raft of exciting new discoveries, we have come to realize that sleep, in this moment of its evolution, is very much polyfunctional (rather than monofunctional), yet polyfunctional for reasons we had never previously considered. Moreover, these new polyfunctional insights powerfully reaffirm sleep as a critical biological, and thus health-sustaining, requisite. Indeed, perhaps the only thing more impressive than the unanticipated nature of these newly emerging sleep functions is their striking divergence, from operations of molecular mechanisms inside cells to entire group societal dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Sharon
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Eti Ben Simon
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Vyoma D. Shah
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Tenzin Desel
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Matthew P. Walker
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
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6
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Studler M, Gianotti LRR, Lobmaier J, Maric A, Knoch D. Human Prosocial Preferences Are Related to Slow-Wave Activity in Sleep. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0885232024. [PMID: 38467433 PMCID: PMC11007317 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0885-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Prosocial behavior is crucial for the smooth functioning of the society. Yet, individuals differ vastly in the propensity to behave prosocially. Here, we try to explain these individual differences under normal sleep conditions without any experimental modulation of sleep. Using a portable high-density EEG, we measured the sleep data in 54 healthy adults (28 females) during a normal night's sleep at the participants' homes. To capture prosocial preferences, participants played an incentivized public goods game in which they faced real monetary consequences. The whole-brain analyses showed that a higher relative slow-wave activity (SWA, an indicator of sleep depth) in a cluster of electrodes over the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) was associated with increased prosocial preferences. Source localization and current source density analyses further support these findings. Recent sleep deprivation studies imply that sleeping enough makes us more prosocial; the present findings suggest that it is not only sleep duration, but particularly sufficient sleep depth in the TPJ that is positively related to prosociality. Because the TPJ plays a central role in social cognitive functions, we speculate that sleep depth in the TPJ, as reflected by relative SWA, might serve as a dispositional indicator of social cognition ability, which is reflected in prosocial preferences. These findings contribute to the emerging framework explaining the link between sleep and prosocial behavior by shedding light on the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Studler
- Department of Social Neuroscience and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Lorena R R Gianotti
- Department of Social Neuroscience and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Janek Lobmaier
- Department of Social Neuroscience and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Angelina Maric
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Daria Knoch
- Department of Social Neuroscience and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
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7
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Yu W, Chen J, Kong Z, Sun W, Zhou X, Lu L, Gao X, Sun H. Understanding the cognitive and neuroimaging bases underlying the detrimental impact of sleep deprivation on reciprocity. iScience 2024; 27:109155. [PMID: 38425845 PMCID: PMC10904273 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the impact of sleep loss on social behaviors has been widely observed in recent years, the mechanisms underpinning these impacts remain unclear. In this study, we explored the detrimental effects of sleep deprivation on reciprocity behavior as well as its underlying psychological and neuroimaging mechanisms by combining sleep manipulation, an interpersonal interactive game, computational modeling and neuroimaging. Our results suggested that after sleep deprivation, individuals showed reduced reciprocity behavior, mainly due to their reduced weights on communal concern when making social decisions. At neural level, we demonstrated that sleep deprivation's effects were observed in the precuneus (hyperactivity) and temporoparietal junction, dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (both hypoactivity), and reduced reciprocity was also accounted for by increased precuneus-thalamus connectivity and DLPFC-thalamus connectivity. Our findings contributed to the understanding of the psychological and neuroimaging bases underlying the deleterious impact of sleep deprivation on social behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhifei Kong
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoxue Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Hongqiang Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
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8
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Li S, He M, Lin L, Chen Q, Ru T, Zhou G. Altered neurophysiological responses during empathy for pain in insomnia: evidence from an EEG study in non-clinical samples. J Physiol Anthropol 2024; 43:4. [PMID: 38172965 PMCID: PMC10765821 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-023-00351-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the behavioral and neurophysiological changes accompanying the empathy for pain among individuals with insomnia in nonclinical samples, which has been scarcely explored in the existing literature despite the deleterious effects of sleep disturbance on social behavior, and interactions had been well-documented. METHODS Twenty-one individuals with insomnia in nonclinical samples and 20 healthy individuals as normal controls participated in the study. Electroencephalograph (EEG) was continuously recorded, while the participants underwent an empathy for pain task. RESULTS Subjective ratings of pain for painful and non-painful images revealed no statistically significant differences between the insomnia and control groups. The painful images induced a smaller P2 compared to non-painful images in the insomnia group, whereas no such difference was revealed for the controls. Moreover, a higher power density of the alpha and theta2 bands in the posterior brain regions was found in the insomnia group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that individuals with insomnia exhibit altered neurophysiological responses to pain stimuli and a lower capacity to share empathy for pain. These alterations may be associated with changes in attentional mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Meiheng He
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Li Lin
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Qingwei Chen
- Lab of Light and Physio-Psychological Health, National Center for International Research On Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Taotao Ru
- Lab of Light and Physio-Psychological Health, National Center for International Research On Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Lab of Light and Physio-Psychological Health, National Center for International Research On Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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9
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Simon EB, Vallat R, Rossi A, Walker MP. Correction: Sleep loss leads to the withdrawal of human helping across individuals, groups, and large-scale societies. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002394. [PMID: 37967305 PMCID: PMC10651221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001733.].
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10
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Antle MC. The controversy over daylight saving time: evidence for and against. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2023; 29:574-579. [PMID: 37578383 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Biannual clock changes to and from daylight saving time have been pervasive in many societies for over 50 years. Governments are considering abandoning this practice and choosing a single permanent time. RECENT FINDINGS Our endogenous circadian clock follows our photoperiod, which changes over the year. The acute disruption caused by changing our clocks can affect safety (motor vehicle and on the job accidents), health (cardiovascular disease, drug overdoses, suicide), and human behavior (sport performance, generosity, and procrastination). Although abandoning the clock change could help avoid these acute harms, choosing the wrong permanent time could lead to chronic circadian misalignment, which could have even more profound implications for health, safety, and human behavior. SUMMARY Ceasing the biannual clock change may be a good choice, but governments need to be mindful of which permanent time to adopt. Many regions of the world already follow the wrong time during standard time, and circadian misalignment would be amplified by moving to permanent daylight saving time. In many regions, Standard Time better aligns with our circadian clock, thus providing a more natural light cycle that minimizes circadian misalignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Antle
- Department of Psychology
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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11
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Völker J, Kühnel J, Feinäugle F, Barnes CM. Being robbed of an hour of sleep: The impact of the transition to Daylight Saving Time on work engagement depends on employees' chronotype. Sleep Health 2023; 9:579-586. [PMID: 37453904 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Worldwide, over 70 countries advance their clocks in spring to Daylight Saving Time. Previous research has already demonstrated that the clock change negatively impacts employees at work. However, this research implicitly assumed that the clock change affects everyone to the same extent. In the current study, we propose that the massively prevalent Daylight Saving Time transition may have an effect on employees' sleep and their work engagement that is dependent upon employees' chronotype. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal study with 155 full-time employees who filled out online surveys on three Mondays around the transition to Daylight Saving Time. RESULTS Results showed that the transition to Daylight Saving Time resulted in decreased work engagement measured 1day as well as 1week after the transition to Daylight Saving Time. Lower sleep quality (but not shorter sleep duration) partly explained this effect. The negative effect of the transition to Daylight Saving Time on work engagement 1day after the transition was more pronounced for employees with later chronotypes ("owls") than for those with earlier chronotypes ("larks"). CONCLUSION In summary, our study shows that the transition to Daylight Saving Time has an adverse short-time impact on private life and working life and should, therefore, also be considered in organizations. Because later chronotypes are especially prone to adverse effects of the transition, interventions targeted for this group might be especially helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jette Völker
- Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Jana Kühnel
- Department of Occupational, Economic and Social Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Feinäugle
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Günzburg, Germany
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12
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Manzar MD, Kashoo F, Albougami A, Alamri M, Alotaibi JS, Alrasheadi BA, Almansour AM, Ahmad M, Sirajudeen MS, Sikkandar MY, Griffiths MD. The mediating role of attention deficit in relationship between insomnia and social cognition tasks among nurses in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15508. [PMID: 37426415 PMCID: PMC10327648 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Insomnia-related affective functional disorder may negatively affect social cognition such as empathy, altruism, and attitude toward providing care. No previous studies have ever investigated the mediating role of attention deficit in the relationship between insomnia and social cognition. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 664 nurses (Mage = 33.03 years; SD ± 6.93 years) from December 2020 to September 2021. They completed the Scale of Attitude towards the Patient (SAtP), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), a single-item numeric rating scale assessing the increasing severity of attention complaints, and questions relating to socio-demographic information. The analysis was carried out by examining the mediating role of attention deficit in the relationship between insomnia and social cognition. Results The prevalence of insomnia symptoms was high (52% insomnia using the AIS). Insomnia was significantly correlated with attention problems (b = 0.18, standard error (SE) = 0.02, p < 0.001). Attention problems were significantly negatively correlated with nurses' attitudes towards patients (b = -0.56, SE = 0.08, p < 0.001), respect for autonomy (b = -0.18, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001), holism (b = -0.14, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001), empathy (b = -0.15, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001), and altruism (b = -0.10, SE = 0.02, p < 0.001). Attention problems indirectly mediated the effect of insomnia on attitudes toward patients (99% CI = -0.10 [-0.16 to -0.05]), respect for autonomy (99% CI = -0.03 [-0.05 to -0.02]), holism (99% CI = -0.02 [-0.04 to -0.01]) empathy (99% CI = -0.03 [-0.04 to -0.01]), and altruism (99% CI = -0.02 [-0.03 to -0.01]). Conclusion Nurses with insomnia-related attention problems are likely to have poor explicit social cognition such as attitude toward patients, altruism, empathy, respect for autonomy, and holism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Dilshad Manzar
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah Univerity, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faizan Kashoo
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrhman Albougami
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah Univerity, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Alamri
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jazi Shaydied Alotaibi
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah Univerity, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader A. Alrasheadi
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah Univerity, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Mansour Almansour
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah Univerity, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehrunnisha Ahmad
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah Univerity, Al Majmaah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Sherif Sirajudeen
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Yacin Sikkandar
- Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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13
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Gnoni V, Mesquita M, O’Regan D, Delogu A, Chakalov I, Antal A, Young AH, Bucks RS, Jackson ML, Rosenzweig I. Distinct cognitive changes in male patients with obstructive sleep apnoea without co-morbidities. FRONTIERS IN SLEEP 2023; 2:1097946. [PMID: 38213473 PMCID: PMC7615516 DOI: 10.3389/frsle.2023.1097946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a multisystem, debilitating, chronic disorder of breathing during sleep, resulting in a relatively consistent pattern of cognitive deficits. More recently, it has been argued that those cognitive deficits, especially in middle-aged patients, may be driven by cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities, rather than by distinct OSA-processes, such as are for example ensuing nocturnal intermittent hypoxaemia, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and sleep fragmentation. Methods Thus, we undertook to define cognitive performance in a group of 27 middle-aged male patients with untreated OSA, who had no concomitant comorbidities, compared with seven matched controls (AHI mean ± S.D.: 1.9 ± 1.4 events/h; mean age 34.0 ± 9.3 years; mean BMI 23.8 ± 2.3 kg/m2). Of the 27 patients, 16 had mild OSA (AHI mean ± S.D.:11.7 ± 4.0 events/h; mean age 42.6 ± 8.2 years; mean BMI 26.7 ± 4.1 kg/m2), and 11 severe OSA (AHI 41.8 ± 20.7 events/h; age: 46.9 ± 10.9 years, BMI: 28.0 ± 3.2 kg/m2). Results In our patient cohort, we demonstrate poorer executive-functioning, visuospatial memory, and deficits in vigilance sustained attention, psychomotor and impulse control. Remarkably, we also report, for the first time, effects on social cognition in this group of male, middle-aged OSA patients. Conclusion Our findings suggest that distinct, OSA-driven processes may be sufficient for cognitive changes to occur as early as in middle age, in otherwise healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Gnoni
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - David O’Regan
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Sleep Disorder Centre, Nuffield House, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessio Delogu
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ivan Chakalov
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Antal
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Allan H. Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Beckenham, United Kingdom
| | - Romola S. Bucks
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- The Raine Study, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Melinda L. Jackson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ivana Rosenzweig
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Sleep Disorder Centre, Nuffield House, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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A restful way to feel more generous: get more sleep. Nature 2022. [PMID: 35999367 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-022-02248-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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