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Moura DMD, Carvalho AMRS, Brito RCFD, Roatt BM, Lage DP, Martins VT, Cruz LDR, Medeiros FAC, Batista SD, Pinheiro GRG, da Costa Rocha MO, Coelho EAF, Duarte MC, Mendes TADO, Menezes-Souza D. CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell multi-epitope chimeric protein associated with an MPLA adjuvant induce protective efficacy and long-term immunological memory for the immunoprophylaxis of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis. Vaccine 2024; 42:126178. [PMID: 39096765 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is a disease of high severity and incidence in Brazil, in addition to being a worldwide concern in public health. Leishmania amazonensis is one of the etiological agents of ATL, and the inefficiency of control measures, associated with the high toxicity of the treatment and the lack of effective immunoprophylactic strategies, makes the development of vaccines indispensable and imminent. In this light, the present study proposes to elaborate a chimeric protein (rChiP), based on the fusion of multiple epitopes of CD4+/CD8+ T cells, identified in the immunoproteome of the parasites L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. The designed chimeric protein was tested in the L. amazonensis murine model of infection using the following formulations: 25 μg of the rChiP in saline (rChiP group) and 25 μg of the rChiP plus 25 μg of MPLA-PHAD® (rChiP+MPLA group). After completing immunization, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, stimulated with SLa-Antigen or rChiP, showed an increased production of nitric oxide and intracytoplasmic pro-inflammatory cytokines, in addition to the generation of central and effector memory T cells. rChiP and rChiP+MPLA formulations were able to promote an effective protection against L. amazonensis infection determined by a reduction in the development of skin lesions and lower parasitic burden. Reduction in the development of skin lesions and lower parasitic burden in the vaccinated groups were associated with an increase of nitrite, CD4+/CD8+IFN-γ+TNF-α+ and CD4+/CD8+CD44highCD62Lhigh/low T cells, IgGTotal, IgG2a, and lower rates of IgG1 and CD4+/CD8+IL-10+. This data suggests that proposed formulations could be considered potential tools to prevent ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dênia Monteiro de Moura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Ravena Severino Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rory Cristiane Fortes de Brito
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mendes Roatt
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela Pagliara Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vivian Tamietti Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiza Dos Reis Cruz
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica Sintética, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Alvarenga Cardoso Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sarah Dutra Batista
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Rafael Gomide Pinheiro
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Manoel Otávio da Costa Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Costa Duarte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Rezende Ribeiro N, Magno Oliveira Santos L, Silva Costa S, Kei Myasaki C, Pagliara Lage D, Tamietti Martins V, Cristiane Fortes De Brito R, Chaves Freire L, Maria Ravena Severino Carvalho A, Victor Serafim Brigido B, José Alves R, Antonio Ferraz Coelho E, Mendes Roatt B, Menezes-Souza D, Costa Duarte M. Development of a topical treatment for tegumentary leishmaniasis using 8-hydroxyquinoline. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 199:114306. [PMID: 38679213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In the context of neglected diseases, tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) presents an emerging and re-emerging character in the national territory and in the world. The treatment of TL has limitations, such as intravenous administration route, high toxicity, and high treatment costs. Thus, several researchers work on new therapeutic strategies to improve the effectiveness of the treatment of leishmaniasis. In this light, the present study used a topical formulation, containing 8-hydroquinoline (8-HQN), for the treatment of Balb/c mice infected with L. amazonensis. After the treatment, the mean diameter of the lesion was measured, as well as the parasite load in organs and immunological parameters associated with the treatment. The results showed that the animals treated with 8-HQN 5%, when compared to controls, showed a reduction in the mean diameter of the lesion and in the parasite load. The animals treated with the ointment showed a type 1 cellular immune response profile associated with the production of cytokines such as INF-γ and TNF-α. In addition, the treatment did not demonstrate toxicity to mice. Therefore, the topical formulation containing 8-HQN 5% is a promising candidate in the topical treatment and could be considered, in the future, as an alternative for the treatment of TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naianda Rezende Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucas Magno Oliveira Santos
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Scarleth Silva Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carolina Kei Myasaki
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela Pagliara Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vivian Tamietti Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rory Cristiane Fortes De Brito
- Laboratório de Morfopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa Chaves Freire
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Ravena Severino Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bryan Victor Serafim Brigido
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ricardo José Alves
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mendes Roatt
- Laboratório de Morfopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas/CiPharma, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Costa Duarte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Zauli RC, de Souza Perez IC, de Morais ACC, Ciaccio AC, Vidal AS, Soares RP, Torrecilhas AC, Batista WL, Xander P. Extracellular Vesicles Released by Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis Promastigotes with Distinct Virulence Profile Differently Modulate the Macrophage Functions. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2973. [PMID: 38138117 PMCID: PMC10746037 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania spp. is the aetiologic agent of leishmaniasis, a disease endemic in several developing countries. The parasite expresses and secretes several virulence factors that subvert the macrophage function and immune response. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can carry molecules of the parasites that show immunomodulatory effects on macrophage activation and disease progression. In the present work, we detected a significantly higher expression of lpg3 and gp63 genes in Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes recovered after successive experimental infections (IVD-P) compared to those cultured for a long period (LT-P). In addition, we observed a significantly higher percentage of infection and internalized parasites in groups of macrophages infected with IVD-P. Macrophages previously treated with EVs from LT-P showed higher percentages of infection and production of inflammatory cytokines after the parasite challenge compared to the untreated ones. However, macrophages infected with parasites and treated with EVs did not reduce the parasite load. In addition, no synergistic effects were observed in the infected macrophages treated with EVs and reference drugs. In conclusion, parasites cultured for a long period in vitro and recovered from animals' infections, differently affected the macrophage response. Furthermore, EVs produced by these parasites affected the macrophage response in the early infection of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogéria Cristina Zauli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Biologia-Química, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 04021-001, SP, Brazil; (R.C.Z.)
| | - Isabelle Carlos de Souza Perez
- Curso de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 04021-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Correia Costa de Morais
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Biologia-Química, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 04021-001, SP, Brazil; (R.C.Z.)
| | - Ana Carolina Ciaccio
- Curso de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 04021-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrey Sladkevicius Vidal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Biologia-Química, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 04021-001, SP, Brazil; (R.C.Z.)
| | - Rodrigo Pedro Soares
- Biotecnologia Aplicada a Patógenos (BAP), Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Torrecilhas
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 04021-001, SP, Brazil (W.L.B.)
| | - Wagner Luiz Batista
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 04021-001, SP, Brazil (W.L.B.)
| | - Patricia Xander
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Biologia-Química, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 04021-001, SP, Brazil; (R.C.Z.)
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 04021-001, SP, Brazil (W.L.B.)
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e Protozoários, Unidade José Alencar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo campus Diadema, 4° andar, Rua São Nicolau, 210, Centro, Diadema 09913-030, SP, Brazil
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4
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Alfandari D, Cadury S, Morandi MI, Regev-Rudzki N. Transforming parasites into their own foes: parasitic extracellular vesicles as a vaccine platform. Trends Parasitol 2023; 39:913-928. [PMID: 37758631 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic diseases continue to afflict millions of people globally. However, traditional vaccine development strategies are often difficult to apply to parasites, leaving an immense unmet need for new effective vaccines for the prevention and control of parasitic infections. As parasites commonly use extracellular vesicles (EVs) to interact with, interfere with, or modulate the host immune response from a distance, parasite-derived EVs may provide promising vaccine agents that induce immunity against parasitic infections. We here present achievements to date and the challenges and limitations associated with using parasitic EVs in a clinical context. Despite the many difficulties that need to be overcome, we believe this direction could offer a new and reliable source of therapeutics for various neglected parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alfandari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Biochemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sharon Cadury
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Biochemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mattia I Morandi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Neta Regev-Rudzki
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Biochemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Barazorda-Ccahuana HL, Goyzueta-Mamani LD, Candia Puma MA, Simões de Freitas C, de Sousa Vieria Tavares G, Pagliara Lage D, Ferraz Coelho EA, Chávez-Fumagalli MA. Computer-aided drug design approaches applied to screen natural product's structural analogs targeting arginase in Leishmania spp. F1000Res 2023; 12:93. [PMID: 37424744 PMCID: PMC10323282 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.129943.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a disease with high mortality rates and approximately 1.5 million new cases each year. Despite the new approaches and advances to fight the disease, there are no effective therapies. Methods: Hence, this study aims to screen for natural products' structural analogs as new drug candidates against leishmaniasis. We applied Computer-aided drug design (CADD) approaches, such as virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, molecular mechanics-generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) binding free estimation, and free energy perturbation (FEP) aiming to select structural analogs from natural products that have shown anti-leishmanial and anti-arginase activities and that could bind selectively against the Leishmania arginase enzyme. Results: The compounds 2H-1-benzopyran, 3,4-dihydro-2-(2-methylphenyl)-(9CI), echioidinin, and malvidin showed good results against arginase targets from three parasite species and negative results for potential toxicities. The echioidinin and malvidin ligands generated interactions in the active center at pH 2.0 conditions by MM-GBSA and FEP methods. Conclusions: This work suggests the potential anti-leishmanial activity of the compounds and thus can be further in vitro and in vivo experimentally validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Luz Barazorda-Ccahuana
- Computational Biology and Chemistry Research Group, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Catolica de Santa Maria de Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Luis Daniel Goyzueta-Mamani
- Computational Biology and Chemistry Research Group, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Catolica de Santa Maria de Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru
- Sustainable Innovative Biomaterials Department, Le Qara Research Center, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Mayron Antonio Candia Puma
- Computational Biology and Chemistry Research Group, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Catolica de Santa Maria de Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru
- Universidad Católica de Santa María, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Bioquímicas y Biotecnológicas, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Camila Simões de Freitas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Grasiele de Sousa Vieria Tavares
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela Pagliara Lage
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Miguel Angel Chávez-Fumagalli
- Computational Biology and Chemistry Research Group, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Catolica de Santa Maria de Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru
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Costa SS, Santos LMO, Freire LC, Tedeschi ALF, Ribeiro NR, Queiroz MHR, Neto EB, Pimenta DC, Galvani NC, Luiz GP, de Oliveira ME, de Ávila RAM, Carvalho AMRS, Brigido BVS, Reis AB, Fernandes APSM, Coelho EAF, Roatt BM, Menezes-Souza D, Duarte MC. Immunoproteomics approach for the discovery of antigens applied to the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis. Acta Trop 2023; 241:106865. [PMID: 36787861 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, an immunoproteomic approach using Leishmania infantum parasites isolated from naturally infected dogs from an endemic region of the disease, was carried out to identify new antigens to be used in the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Protein extracts, obtained from parasites isolated from asymptomatic (CanLA) and symptomatic (CanLS) dogs, were used to perform the two-dimensional gels. Western Blotting assays were carried out by employing a pool of sera from dogs with visceral leishmaniasis (CanLA or CanLS), healthy dogs from an endemic area, or dogs with similar diseases associated with cross-reactions (babesiosis and ehrlichiosis). With these results, it was possible to exclude the spots that showed a cross-reactivity of the sera from groups of healthy dogs, and those with babesiosis or ehrlichiosis. Taken together, 20 proteins were identified, 15 of which have already been described in the literature and 5 of which are hypothetical. An immunogenomic screen strategy was applied to identify conserved linear B-cell epitopes in the identified hypothetical proteins. Two peptides were synthesized and tested in ELISA experiments as a proof of concept for the validation of our immunoproteomics findings. The results demonstrated that the antigens presented sensitivity and specificity values ranging from 81.93% to 97.59% and 78.14 to 85.12%, respectively. As a comparative antigen, a preparation of a Leishmania extract showed sensitivity and specificity values of 75.90% and 74.88%, respectively. The present study was able to identify proteins capable of being used for the serodiagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scarleth Silva Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucas Magno Oliveira Santos
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa Chaves Freire
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Filizzola Tedeschi
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Naianda Rezende Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Emídio Beraldo Neto
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Nathalia Coral Galvani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Paulino Luiz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrez Machado de Ávila
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Ravena Severino Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bryan Victor Serafim Brigido
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Barbosa Reis
- Laboratório de Morfopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas/CiPharma, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mendes Roatt
- Laboratório de Morfopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas/CiPharma, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Costa Duarte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Ludolf F, Ramos FF, Coelho EAF. Immunoproteomics and phage display in the context of leishmaniasis complexity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1112894. [PMID: 36845148 PMCID: PMC9946295 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1112894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is defined as a complex of diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, which comprises 20 parasite species pathogenic to mammalians, such as humans and dogs. From a clinical point of view, and considering the diversity and biological complexity of the parasites, vectors, and vertebrate hosts, leishmaniasis is classified according to the distinct clinical manifestations, such as tegumentary (involving the cutaneous, mucosal, and cutaneous-diffuse forms) and visceral leishmaniasis. Many issues and challenges remain unaddressed, which could be attributed to the complexity and diversity of the disease. The current demand for the identification of new Leishmania antigenic targets for the development of multicomponent-based vaccines, as well as for the production of specific diagnostic tests, is evident. In recent years, biotechnological tools have allowed the identification of several Leishmania biomarkers that might potentially be used for diagnosis and have an application in vaccine development. In this Mini Review, we discuss the different aspects of this complex disease that have been addressed by technologies such as immunoproteomics and phage display. It is extremely important to be aware of the potential applications of antigens selected in different screening context, so that they can be used appropriately, so understanding their performance, characteristics, and self-limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Ludolf
- 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil,*Correspondence: Fernanda Ludolf,
| | - Fernanda F. Ramos
- 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A. F. Coelho
- 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil,2Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Colégio Técnico (COLTEC), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Carvalho AMRS, Ferraz IDA, Hojo-Souza NS, Medeiros FAC, Viana LA, Bartholomeu DC, Chaves AT, de Souza TM, Costa e Silva MF, Mendes TADO, Duarte MC, Rocha MODC, Menezes-Souza D. Chagas cardiomyopathy is associated with a high susceptibility to T. cruzi infection in monocyte-derived macrophages and a predominance of CD4+CD45RO+ T-cells with immunoregulatory patterns. Acta Trop 2022; 237:106749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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de Andrade Ferraz I, Carvalho AMRS, de Brito RCF, Roatt BM, Martins VT, Lage DP, Dos Reis Cruz L, Medeiros FAC, Gonçalves DU, da Costa Rocha MO, Coelho EAF, de Oliveira Mendes TA, Duarte MC, Menezes-Souza D. Development of an immunogen containing CD4 +/CD8 + T-cell epitopes for the prophylaxis of tegumentary leishmaniasis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:4627-4641. [PMID: 35759035 PMCID: PMC9244519 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) is a disease of high severity and incidence in Brazil, and Leishmania braziliensis is its main etiological agent. The inefficiency of control measures, such as high toxicity and costs of current treatments and the lack of effective immunoprophylactic strategies, makes the development of vaccines indispensable and imminent. In this light, the present work developed a gene encoding multiple T-cell (CD4+/CD8+) epitope, derived from conserved proteins found in Leishmania species and associated with TL, to generate a chimeric protein (rMEP/TL) and compose a vaccine formulation. For this, six T-cell epitopes were selected by immunoinformatics approaches from proteins present in the amastigote stage and associated with host-parasite interactions. The following formulations were then tested in an L. braziliensis murine infection model: rMEP/TL in saline or associated with MPLA-PHAD®. Our data revealed that, after immunization (three doses; 14-day intervals) and subsequent challenging, rMEP/TL and rMEP/TL + MPLA-vaccinated mice showed an increased production of key immunological biomarkers of protection, such as IgG2a, IgG2a/IgG1, NO, CD4+, and CD8+ T-cells with IFN-γ and TNF-α production, associated with a reduction in CD4+IL-10+ and CD8+IL-10+ T-cells. Vaccines also induced the development of central (CD44highCD62Lhigh) and effector (CD44highCD62Llow) memory of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. These findings, associated with the observation of lower rates of parasite burdens in the vaccinated groups, when compared to the control groups, suggest that immunization with rMEP/TL and, preferably, associated with an adjuvant, may be considered an effective tool to prevent TL. Key points • Rational design approaches for vaccine development.
• Central and effector memory of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. • Vaccine comprised of rMEP/TL plus MPLA as an effective tool to prevent TL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-022-12033-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela de Andrade Ferraz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Ravena Severino Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Rory Cristiane Fortes de Brito
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mendes Roatt
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Vívian Tamietti Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Daniela Pagliara Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Luiza Dos Reis Cruz
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica Sintética, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Alvarenga Cardoso Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Denise Utsch Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Manoel Otávio da Costa Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil.,Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Costa Duarte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil.,Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil. .,Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
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Zhang J, Li J, Hu K, Zhou Q, Chen X, He J, Yin S, Chi Y, Liao X, Xiao Y, Qin H, Zheng Z, Chen J. Screening Novel Vaccine Candidates for Leishmania Donovani by Combining Differential Proteomics and Immunoinformatics Analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:902066. [PMID: 35812381 PMCID: PMC9260594 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.902066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, is the most dangerous form of leishmaniasis. Currently no effective vaccine is available for clinical use. Since the pathogenicity of different Leishmania strains is inconsistent, the differentially expressed proteins in Leishmania strains may play an important role as virulence factors in pathogenesis. Therefore, effective vaccine candidate targets may exist in the differentially expressed proteins. In this study, we used differential proteomics analysis to find the differentially expressed proteins in two Leishmania donovani strains, and combined with immunoinformatics analysis to find new vaccine candidates. The differentially expressed proteins from L. DD8 (low virulent) and L. 9044 (virulent) strains were analyzed by LC-MS/MS, and preliminarily screened by antigenicity, allergenicity and homology evaluation. The binding peptides of MHC II, IFN-γ and MHC I from differentially expressed proteins were then predicted and calculated for the second screening. IFN-γ/IL-10 ratios and conserved domain prediction were performed to choose more desirable differentially expressed proteins. Finally, the 3D structures of three vaccine candidate proteins were produced and submitted for molecular dynamics simulation and molecular docking interaction with TLR4/MD2. The results showed that 396 differentially expressed proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS, and 155 differentially expressed proteins were selected through antigenicity, allergenicity and homology evaluation. Finally, 16 proteins whose percentages of MHC II, IFN-γ and MHC I binding peptides were greater than those of control groups (TSA, LmSTI1, LeIF, Leish-111f) were considered to be suitable vaccine candidates. Among the 16 candidates, amino acid permease, amastin-like protein and the hypothetical protein (XP_003865405.1) simultaneously had the large ratios of IFN-γ/IL-10 and high percentages of MHC II, IFN-γ and MHC I, which should be focused on. In conclusion, our comprehensive work provided a methodological basis to screen new vaccine candidates for a better intervention against VL and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaifeng Hu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chen
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinlei He
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yin
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangjian Chi
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Jianou Municipal Hospital of Fujian Province, Jianou, China
| | - Xuechun Liao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuying Xiao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanxiao Qin
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwan Zheng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiwan Zheng, ; Jianping Chen,
| | - Jianping Chen
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiwan Zheng, ; Jianping Chen,
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Downregulation of gamma subunit of TCP1 chaperonin of Leishmania donovani modulates extracellular vesicles-mediated macrophage microbicidal function. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Lage DP, Machado AS, Vale DL, Freitas CS, Linhares FP, Cardoso JMO, Pereira IAG, Ramos FF, Tavares GSV, Ludolf F, Oliveira-da-Silva JA, Bandeira RS, Silva AM, Simões LC, Reis TAR, Oliveira JS, Christodoulides M, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Roatt BM, Martins VT, Coelho EAF. Recombinant guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein associated with Poloxamer 407-based polymeric micelles protects against Leishmania infantum infection. Cytokine 2022; 153:155865. [PMID: 35339043 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Leishmania virulence proteins should be considered as vaccine candidates against disease, since they are involved in developing infection in mammalian hosts. In a previous study, a Leishmania guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein was identified as a potential parasite virulence factor. In the present work, the gene encoding GTP was cloned and the recombinant protein (rGTP) was evaluated as a vaccine candidate against Leishmania infantum infection. The protein was associated with saponin (rGTP/Sap) or Poloxamer 407-based micelles (rGTP/Mic) as adjuvants, and protective efficacy was investigated in BALB/c mice after parasite challenge. Both rGTP/Sap and rGTP/Mic compositions induced a Th1-type immune response in vaccinated animals, with significantly higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-2, TNF-α, GM-CSF, nitrite, specific IgG2a isotype antibody and positive lymphoproliferation, when compared to the control groups. This response was accompanied by significantly lower parasite load in the spleens, livers, bone marrows and draining lymph nodes of the animals. Immunological and parasitological evaluations indicated that rGTP/Mic induced a more polarized Th1-type response and higher reduction in the organ parasitism, and with lower hepatotoxicity, when compared to the use of rGTP/Sap. In conclusion, our preliminary data suggest that rGTP could be considered for further development as a vaccine candidate to protect against VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela P Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda S Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danniele L Vale
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camila S Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flávia P Linhares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jamille M O Cardoso
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Insituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isabela A G Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Grasiele S V Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ludolf
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João A Oliveira-da-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raquel S Bandeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciana C Simões
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thiago A R Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jamil S Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901 Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Myron Christodoulides
- Neisseria Research Group, Molecular Microbiology, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, England
| | | | - Bruno M Roatt
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Insituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vívian T Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A F Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Long-Term In Vitro Passaging Had a Negligible Effect on Extracellular Vesicles Released by Leishmania amazonensis and Induced Protective Immune Response in BALB/c Mice. J Immunol Res 2022; 2021:7809637. [PMID: 34977257 PMCID: PMC8720021 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7809637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Depending on Leishmania species and the presence/absence of virulence factors, Leishmania extracellular vesicles (EVs) can differently stimulate host immune cells. This work is aimed at characterizing and evaluating the protective role of EVs released by Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes under different maintenance conditions. Initially, using a control strain, we standardized 26°C as the best release temperature to obtain EVs with a potential protective role in the experimental leishmaniasis model. Then, long-term (LT-P) promastigotes of L. amazonensis were obtained after long-term in vitro culture (100 in vitro passages). In vivo-derived (IVD-P) promastigotes of L. amazonensis were selected after 3 consecutive experimental infections in BALB/c mice. Those strains developed similar lesion sizes except for IVD-P at 8 weeks post infection. No differences in EV production were detected in both strains. However, the presence of LPG between LT-P and IVD-P EVs was different. Groups of mice immunized with EVs emulsified in the adjuvant and challenged with IVD-P parasites showed decreased lesion size and parasitic load compared with the nonimmunized groups. The immunization regimen with two doses showed high IFN-γ and IgG2a titers in challenged mice with either IVD-P or LT-P EVs. IL-4 and IL-10 were detected in immunized mice, suggesting a mixed Th1/Th2 profile. EVs released by either IVD-P or LT-P induced a partial protective effect in an immunization model. Thus, our results uncover a potential protective role of EVs from L. amazonensis for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Moreover, long-term maintenance under in vitro conditions did not seem to affect EV release and their immunization properties in mice.
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Abstract
Immune principles formulated by Jenner, Pasteur, and early immunologists served as fundamental propositions for vaccine discovery against many dreadful pathogens. However, decisive success in the form of an efficacious vaccine still eludes for diseases such as tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis. Several antileishmanial vaccine trials have been undertaken in past decades incorporating live, attenuated, killed, or subunit vaccination, but the goal remains unmet. In light of the above facts, we have to reassess the principles of vaccination by dissecting factors associated with the hosts' immune response. This chapter discusses the pathogen-associated perturbations at various junctures during the generation of the immune response which inhibits antigenic processing, presentation, or remodels memory T cell repertoire. This can lead to ineffective priming or inappropriate activation of memory T cells during challenge infection. Thus, despite a protective primary response, vaccine failure can occur due to altered immune environments in the presence of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunil Kumar
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
- Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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Abstract
The association of leishmaniasis and malignancies in human and animal models has been highlighted in recent years. The misdiagnosis of coexistence of leishmaniasis and cancer and the use of common drugs in the treatment of such diseases prompt us to further survey the molecular biology of Leishmania parasites and cancer cells. The information regarding common expressed proteins, as possible therapeutic targets, in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells is scarce. Therefore, the current study reviews proteins, and investigates the regulation and functions of several key proteins in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells. The up- and down-regulations of such proteins were mostly related to survival, development, pathogenicity, metabolic pathways and vital signalling in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells. The presence of common expressed proteins in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells reveals valuable information regarding the possible shared mechanisms of pathogenicity and opportunities for therapeutic targeting in leishmaniasis and cancers in the future.
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Ranjan R, Das P, Vijayakumar S. Differentially modulated proteins associated with Leishmaniasis-a systematic review of in-vivo and in-vitro studies. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:9159-9178. [PMID: 33113081 PMCID: PMC7591689 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05936-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput proteomic technologies are widely used for understanding the disease mechanism, drug-resistant mechanism, and to identify drug targets and markers for diagnostics. Studies with proteomics applications, relating to Leishmaniasis, are being constantly reported in the literature. However, from such studies, a readily accessible knowledge of differentially modulated proteins associated with Leishmaniasis is lacking. Hence, we performed a systematic review concerning differentially modulated proteins (DMP) in Leishmania as well as host infected with Leishmania from the published articles between the years 2000 and 2019. This review is classified into five different sections, namely, DMP in the host after Leishmania infection, DMP between different strains of Leishmania, DMP in drug-resistant Leishmania, DMP in Leishmania under stress, and DMP in different life stages of Leishmania. A lot of consensuses could be observed among the DMP in drug-resistant and stressed Leishmania. In addition to the review, a database was constructed with the data collected in this study (protein accession ID, protein name, gene name, host organism, experimental conditions, fold change, and regulatory data). A total of 2635 records are available in the database. We believe this review and the database will help the researcher in understanding the disease better and provide information for the targeted proteomics study related to Leishmaniasis. Database availability: http://ldepdb.biomedinformri.com/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Ranjan
- Department of Statistics/Bioinformatics Centre, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Science, Indian Council for Medical Research, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007, India
| | - Pradeep Das
- Department of Molecular Biology/Bioinformatics Centre, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Science, Indian Council for Medical Research, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007, India
| | - Saravanan Vijayakumar
- Department of Statistics/Bioinformatics Centre, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Science, Indian Council for Medical Research, Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, 800007, India.
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17
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Lopes SP, Yepes LM, Pérez-Castillo Y, Robledo SM, de Sousa DP. Alkyl and Aryl Derivatives Based on p-Coumaric Acid Modification and Inhibitory Action against Leishmania braziliensis and Plasmodium falciparum. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143178. [PMID: 32664596 PMCID: PMC7397144 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In low-income populations, neglected diseases are the principal cause of mortality. Of these, leishmaniasis and malaria, being parasitic, protozoan infections, affect millions of people worldwide and are creating a public health problem. The present work evaluates the leishmanicidal and antiplasmodial action of a series of twelve p-coumaric acid derivatives. Of the tested derivatives, eight presented antiparasitic activities 1–3, 8–12. The hexyl p-coumarate derivative (9) (4.14 ± 0.55 μg/mL; selectivity index (SI) = 2.72) showed the highest leishmanicidal potency against the Leishmania braziliensis amastigote form. The results of the molecular docking study suggest that this compound inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), mitogen-activated kinase protein (MPK4), and DNA topoisomerase 2 (TOP2), all of which are key enzymes in the development of Leishmania braziliensis. The data indicate that these enzymes interact via Van der Waals bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen bonds with phenolic and aliphatic parts of this same compound. Of the other compounds analyzed, methyl p-coumarate (64.59 ± 2.89 μg/mL; IS = 0.1) demonstrated bioactivity against Plasmodium falciparum. The study reveals that esters presenting a p-coumarate substructure are promising for use in synthesis of derivatives with good antiparasitic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susiany P. Lopes
- PostGraduation Program in Technological Development and Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa CEP 58051-970, Brazil;
| | - Lina M. Yepes
- PECET-Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín Calle 70 # 52-21, Colombia; (L.M.Y.); (S.M.R.)
| | | | - Sara M. Robledo
- PECET-Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín Calle 70 # 52-21, Colombia; (L.M.Y.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Damião P. de Sousa
- PostGraduation Program in Technological Development and Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa CEP 58051-970, Brazil;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa CEP 58051-970, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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18
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Agostino VS, Trinconi CM, Galuppo MK, Price H, Uliana SRB. Evaluation of NanoLuc, RedLuc and Luc2 as bioluminescent reporters in a cutaneous leishmaniasis model. Acta Trop 2020; 206:105444. [PMID: 32173317 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
New drugs for the treatment of human leishmaniasis are urgently needed, considering the limitations of current available options. However, pre-clinical evaluation of drug candidates for leishmaniasis is challenging. The use of luciferase-expressing parasites for parasite load detection is a potentially powerful tool to accelerate the drug discovery process. We have previously described the use of Leishmania amazonensis mutants expressing firefly luciferase (Luc2) for drug testing. Here, we describe three new mutant L. amazonensis lines that express different variants of luciferases: NanoLuc, NanoLuc-PEST and RedLuc. These mutants were evaluated in drug screening protocols. NanoLuc-parasites, in spite of high bioluminescence intensity in vitro, were shown to be inadequate in discriminating between live and dead parasites. Bioluminescence detection from intracellular amastigotes expressing NanoLuc-PEST, RedLuc or Luc2 proved more reliable than microscopy to determine parasite killing. Increased sensitivity was observed in vivo with RedLuc-expressing parasites as compared to NanoLuc-expressing L. amazonensis. Our data indicates that NanoLuc is not suitable for in vivo parasite burden determination. Additionally, RedLuc and the conventional luciferase Luc2 demonstrated equivalent sensitivity in an in vivo model of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor S Agostino
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiana M Trinconi
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mariana K Galuppo
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Helen Price
- Centre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia R B Uliana
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil.
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19
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Crepaldi F, de Toledo JS, do Carmo AO, Ferreira Marques Machado L, de Brito DDV, Serufo AV, Almeida APM, de Oliveira LG, Ricotta TQN, Moreira DDS, Murta SMF, Diniz AB, Menezes GB, López-Gonzálvez Á, Barbas C, Fernandes AP. Mapping Alterations Induced by Long-Term Axenic Cultivation of Leishmania amazonensis Promastigotes With a Multiplatform Metabolomic Fingerprint Approach. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:403. [PMID: 31867285 PMCID: PMC6904349 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniases are widespread neglected diseases with an incidence of 1.6 million new cases and 40 thousand deaths per year. Leishmania parasites may show distinct, species-specific patterns of virulence that lead to different clinical manifestations. It is well known that successive in vitro passages (SIVP) lead to the attenuation of virulence, but neither the metabolism nor the pathways involved in these processes are well understood. Herein, promastigotes of a virulent L. amazonensis strain recently isolated from mice was compared to SIVP derived and attenuated promastigotes, submitted to 10, 40, and 60 axenic passages and named R10, R40, and R60, respectively. In vitro assays and in vivo tests were performed to characterize and confirmed the attenuation profiles. A metabolomic fingerprint comparison of R0, R10, and R60 was performed by means of capillary electrophoresis, liquid and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. To validate the metabolomic data, qPCR for selected loci, flow cytometry to measure aPS exposure, sensitivity to antimony tartrate and ROS production assays were conducted. The 65 identified metabolites were clustered in biochemical categories and mapped in eight metabolic pathways: ABC transporters; fatty acid biosynthesis; glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; β-alanine metabolism; glutathione metabolism; oxidative phosphorylation; glycerophospholipid metabolism and lysine degradation. The obtained metabolomic data correlated with previous proteomic findings of the SVIP parasites and the gene expression of 13 selected targets. Late SIVP cultures were more sensitive to SbIII produced more ROS and exposed less phosphatidylserine in their surface. The correspondent pathways were connected to build a biochemical map of the most significant alterations involved with the process of attenuation of L. amazonensis. Overall, the reported data pointed out to a very dynamic and continuous metabolic reprogramming process, accompanied by changes in energetic, lipid and redox metabolisms, membrane remodeling and reshaping of parasite-host cells interactions, causing impacts in chemotaxis, host inflammatory responses and infectivity at the early stages of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico Crepaldi
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis, Unidad Metabolómica, Interacciones y Bioanálisis (UMIB), Universidad CEU San Pablo, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Juliano Simões de Toledo
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis, Unidad Metabolómica, Interacciones y Bioanálisis (UMIB), Universidad CEU San Pablo, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Anderson Oliveira do Carmo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Markers, General Biology Department, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Diniz Viana de Brito
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Angela Vieira Serufo
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Martins Almeida
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro Gonzaga de Oliveira
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tiago Queiroga Nery Ricotta
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ariane Barros Diniz
- Morphology Department, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Batista Menezes
- Morphology Department, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ángeles López-Gonzálvez
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis, Unidad Metabolómica, Interacciones y Bioanálisis (UMIB), Universidad CEU San Pablo, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis, Unidad Metabolómica, Interacciones y Bioanálisis (UMIB), Universidad CEU San Pablo, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Ana Paula Fernandes
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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20
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Capelli-Peixoto J, Mule SN, Tano FT, Palmisano G, Stolf BS. Proteomics and Leishmaniasis: Potential Clinical Applications. Proteomics Clin Appl 2019; 13:e1800136. [PMID: 31347770 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201800136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniases are diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. They are endemic in 98 countries, affect around 12 million people worldwide and may present several distinct clinical forms. Unfortunately, there are only a few drugs available for treatment of leishmaniasis, which are toxic and not always effective. Different parasite species and different clinical forms require optimization of the treatment or more specific therapies, which are not available. The emergence of resistance is also a matter of concern. Besides, diagnosis can sometimes be complicated due to atypical manifestations and associations with other pathologies. In this review, proteomic data are presented and discussed in terms of their application in important issues in leishmaniasis such as parasite resistance to chemotherapy, diagnosis of active disease in patients and dogs, markers for different clinical forms, identification of virulence factors, and their potential use in vaccination. It is shown that proteomics has contributed to the discovery of potential biomarkers for prognosis, diagnosis, therapeutics, monitoring of disease progression, treatment follow-up and identification of vaccine candidates for specific diseases. However, the authors believe its capabilities have not yet been fully explored for routine clinical analysis for several reasons, which will be presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaína Capelli-Peixoto
- Leishmaniasis laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Parasitology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simon Ngao Mule
- GlycoProteomics laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Parasitology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabia Tomie Tano
- Leishmaniasis laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Parasitology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Palmisano
- GlycoProteomics laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Parasitology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Simonsen Stolf
- Leishmaniasis laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Parasitology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Screening diagnostic candidates from Leishmania infantum proteins for human visceral leishmaniasis using an immunoproteomics approach. Parasitology 2019; 146:1467-1476. [PMID: 31142384 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182019000714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is no suitable vaccine against human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and available drugs are toxic and/or present high cost. In this context, diagnostic tools should be improved for clinical management and epidemiological evaluation of disease. However, the variable sensitivity and/or specificity of the used antigens are limitations, showing the necessity to identify new molecules to be tested in a more sensitive and specific serology. In the present study, an immunoproteomics approach was performed in Leishmania infantum promastigotes and amastigotes employing sera samples from VL patients. Aiming to avoid undesired cross-reactivity in the serological assays, sera from Chagas disease patients and healthy subjects living in the endemic region of disease were also used in immunoblottings. The most reactive spots for VL samples were selected, and 29 and 21 proteins were identified in the promastigote and amastigote extracts, respectively. Two of them, endonuclease III and GTP-binding protein, were cloned, expressed, purified and tested in ELISA experiments against a large serological panel, and results showed high sensitivity and specificity values for the diagnosis of disease. In conclusion, the identified proteins could be considered in future studies as candidate antigens for the serodiagnosis of human VL.
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22
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Rashidi S, Mojtahedi Z, Shahriari B, Kalantar K, Ghalamfarsa G, Mohebali M, Hatam G. An immunoproteomic approach to identifying immunoreactive proteins in Leishmania infantum amastigotes using sera of dogs infected with canine visceral leishmaniasis. Pathog Glob Health 2019; 113:124-132. [PMID: 31099725 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2019.1616952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the most severe form of leishmaniasis, is caused by Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum. The infected dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) are important reservoirs for VL in humans, so the diagnosis, treatment and vaccination of the infected dogs will ultimately decrease the rate of human VL. Proteomics and immunoproteomics techniques have facilitated the introduction of novel drug, vaccine and diagnostic targets. Our immunoproteomic study was conducted to identify new immunoreactive proteins in amastigote form of L. infantum. The strain of L. infantum (MCAN/IR/07/Moheb-gh) was obtained from CVL-infected dogs. J774 macrophage cells were infected with the L. infantum promastigotes. The infected macrophages were ruptured, and pure amastigotes were extracted from the macrophages. After protein extraction, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was employed for protein separation followed by Western blotting. Western blotting was performed, using symptomatic and asymptomatic sera of the infected dogs with CVL. Thirteen repeatable immunoreactive spots were identified by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Some, including prohibitin, ornithine aminotransferase, annexin A4, and apolipoprotein A-I, have been critically involved in metabolic pathways, survival, and pathogenicity of Leishmania parasites. Further investigations are required to confirm our identified immunoreactive proteins as a biomarker for CVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Rashidi
- a Department of Parasitology and Mycology , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Zahra Mojtahedi
- b Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Bahador Shahriari
- c Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Kurosh Kalantar
- d Department of Immunology , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- e Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Medicine , Yasuj University of Medical Sciences , Yasuj , Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohebali
- f Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology , School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hatam
- c Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
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23
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Ribeiro PA, Dias DS, Lage DP, Martins VT, Costa LE, Santos TT, Ramos FF, Tavares GS, Mendonça DV, Ludolf F, Gomes DA, Rodrigues MA, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Silva ES, Galdino AS, Duarte MC, Roatt BM, Menezes-Souza D, Teixeira AL, Coelho EA. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a new Leishmania hypothetical protein applied as a DNA vaccine or in a recombinant form against Leishmania infantum infection. Mol Immunol 2019; 106:108-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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24
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Salles BC, Dias DS, Steiner BT, Lage DP, Ramos FF, Ribeiro PA, Santos TT, Lima MP, Costa LE, Chaves AT, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Fujiwaraa RT, Buenoa LL, Caligiorne RB, de Magalhães-Soares DF, Silveira JA, Machado-de-Ávila RA, Gonçalves DU, Coelho EA. Potential application of small myristoylated protein-3 evaluated as recombinant antigen and a synthetic peptide containing its linear B-cell epitope for the serodiagnosis of canine visceral and human tegumentary leishmaniasis. Immunobiology 2019; 224:163-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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25
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An Insight into the Constitutive Proteome Throughout Leishmania donovani Promastigote Growth and Differentiation. Int Microbiol 2018; 22:143-154. [DOI: 10.1007/s10123-018-00036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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26
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Sinha R, C MM, Raghwan, Das S, Das S, Shadab M, Chowdhury R, Tripathy S, Ali N. Genome Plasticity in Cultured Leishmania donovani: Comparison of Early and Late Passages. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1279. [PMID: 30018594 PMCID: PMC6037818 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmania donovani possesses a complex heteroxenic life cycle where infective metacyclic promastigotes are pre-adapted to infect their host and cope up with intracellular stress. Exploiting the similarities between cultured and sandfly derived promastigotes, we used early and late passage cultured promastigotes to show specific changes at genome level which compromise pathogen fitness reflected in gene expression and infection studies. The pathogen loses virulence mostly via transcriptional and translational regulations and long-time cultivation makes them struggle to convert to virulent metacyclics. At the genomic level very subtle plasticity was observed between the early and the late passages mostly in defense-related, nutrient acquisition and signal transduction genes. Chromosome Copy number variation is seen in the early and late passages involving several genes that may be playing a role in pathogenicity. Our study highlights the importance of ABC transporters and calpain like cysteine proteases in parasite virulence in cultured promastigotes. Interestingly, these proteins are emerging as important patho-adaptive factors in clinical isolates of Leishmania. We found that the currently available genome of Leishmania in the NCBI database are from late passages. Our early passage genome can act as a reference for future studies on virulent isolates of Leishmania. The annotated leads from this study can be used for virulence surveillance and therapeutic studies in the Indian subcontinent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roma Sinha
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Mathu Malar C
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Raghwan
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhadeep Das
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Sonali Das
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Mohammad Shadab
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Rukhsana Chowdhury
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sucheta Tripathy
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Nahid Ali
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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27
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Oliveira MP, Martins VT, Santos TTO, Lage DP, Ramos FF, Salles BCS, Costa LE, Dias DS, Ribeiro PAF, Schneider MS, Machado-de-Ávila RA, Teixeira AL, Coelho EAF, Chávez-Fumagalli MA. Small Myristoylated Protein-3, Identified as a Potential Virulence Factor in Leishmania amazonensis, Proves to be a Protective Antigen against Visceral Leishmaniasis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E129. [PMID: 29301342 PMCID: PMC5796078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In a proteomics approach conducted with Leishmania amazonensis, parasite proteins showed either an increase or a decrease in their expression content during extensive in vitro cultivation, and were related to the survival and the infectivity of the parasites, respectively. In the current study, a computational screening was performed to predict virulence factors among these molecules. Three proteins were selected, one of which presented no homology to human proteins. This candidate, namely small myristoylated protein-3 (SMP-3), was cloned, and its recombinant version (rSMP-3) was used to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy subjects living in an endemic area of leishmaniasis and from visceral leishmaniasis patients. Results showed high interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production and low levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) in the cell supernatants. An in vivo experiment was then conducted on BALB/c mice, which were immunized with rSMP-3/saponin and later challenged with Leishmania infantum promastigotes. The rSMP-3/saponin combination induced high production of protein-specific IFN-γ, IL-12, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by the spleen cells of the immunized mice. This pattern was associated with protection, which was characterized by a significant reduction in the parasite load in distinct organs of the animals. Altogether, these results have revealed that this new virulence factor is immunogenic in both mice and humans, and have proven its protective efficacy against visceral leishmaniasis in a murine model.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigens, Protozoan/chemistry
- Antigens, Protozoan/metabolism
- Computational Biology
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular
- Immunity, Humoral
- Leishmania/pathogenicity
- Leishmania infantum
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/immunology
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/parasitology
- Leishmaniasis, Visceral/prevention & control
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Linear Models
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Sequence Annotation
- Protozoan Proteins/chemistry
- Protozoan Proteins/metabolism
- Reproducibility of Results
- Structural Homology, Protein
- Virulence Factors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo P Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Vívian T Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Thaís T O Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Daniela P Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda F Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz C S Salles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Lourena E Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Daniel S Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia A F Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Mônica S Schneider
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo A Machado-de-Ávila
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma 88806-000, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Antônio L Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX 77041, USA.
| | - Eduardo A F Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, do Colégio Técnico (COLTEC), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Miguel A Chávez-Fumagalli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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da Costa KS, Galúcio JMP, Leonardo ES, Cardoso G, Leal É, Conde G, Lameira J. Structural and evolutionary analysis of Leishmania Alba proteins. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2017; 217:23-31. [PMID: 28847609 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Alba superfamily proteins share a common RNA-binding domain. These proteins participate in a variety of regulatory pathways by controlling developmental gene expression. They also interact with ribosomal subunits, translation factors, and other RNA-binding proteins. The Leishmania infantum genome encodes two Alba-domain proteins, LiAlba1 and LiAlba3. In this work, we used homology modeling, protein-protein docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to explore the details of the Alba1-Alba3-RNA complex from Leishmania infantum at the molecular level. In addition, we compared the structure of LiAlba3 with the human ribonuclease P component, Rpp20. We also mapped the ligand-binding residues on the Alba3 surface to analyze its druggability and performed mutational analyses in Alba3 using alanine scanning to identify residues involved in its function and structural stability. These results suggest that the RGG-box motif of LiAlba1 is important for protein function and stability. Finally, we discuss the function of Alba proteins in the context of pathogen adaptation to host cells. The data provided herein will facilitate further translational research regarding Alba structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kauê Santana da Costa
- Institute of Biodiversity, Federal University of West of Pará, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Elvis Santos Leonardo
- Institute of Biodiversity, Federal University of West of Pará, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Guelber Cardoso
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 66075-110 Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Élcio Leal
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 66075-110 Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Conde
- Institute of Biodiversity, Federal University of West of Pará, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jerônimo Lameira
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 66075-110 Belém, Pará, Brazil.
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Jamal F, Shivam P, Kumari S, Singh MK, Sardar AH, Pushpanjali, Murugesan S, Narayan S, Gupta AK, Pandey K, Das VNR, Ali V, Bimal S, Das P, Singh SK. Identification of Leishmania donovani antigen in circulating immune complexes of visceral leishmaniasis subjects for diagnosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182474. [PMID: 28820895 PMCID: PMC5562322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The unreliability of most of the existing antibody-based diagnostic kits to discriminate between active and treated VL cases, relapse situation and reinfection are a major hurdle in controlling the cases of Kala-azar in an endemic area. An antigen targeted diagnostic approaches can be an attractive strategy to overcome these problems. Hence, this study was focused on identifying the Leishmania antigens, lies in circulating immune complex (CICs), can be used for diagnostic as well as prognostic purposes. The present study was conducted on peripheral blood samples of 115 human subjects, based on isolation of CICs. The SDS-PAGE patterns showed an up-regulated expression of 55 kDa and 23 kDa fractions in an antigens obtained from CICs of all clinical and parasitologically proven untreated visceral leishmaniasis patients before treatment (VL-BT), which ensured absolute sensitivity. However, light expressions of these bands were observed in some VL treated cases. To ascertain the prognostic value, 2D expression profiles of circulating antigens were carried out, which revealed 3 upregulated and 12 induced immunoreactive spots. Out of these, ten prominent spots were excised and subjected for enzymatic digestion to generate peptides. Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis successfully explored 20 peptides derived from kinase, kinesin, acetyl Co-A carboxylase, dynein heavy chains (cytoplasmic and axonemal/flagellar), 60S ribosomal protein, nucleoporin protein, RNA polymeraseII, protease gp63, tubulin, DNA polymerase epsilon subunit, GTP-binding protein and tyrosyl-methionyl t-RNA synthetase-like protein and 19 hypothetical protein of unknown function. Presence of L. donovani proteins in circulating antigens were further validated using anti-Ld actin and anti-α tubulin antibody. Besides, MS derived peptides confirmed its reactivity with patients' sera. Therefore, these shortlisted potential antigens can be explored as antigen-based diagnostic as well as prognostic kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fauzia Jamal
- Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Pushkar Shivam
- Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Sarita Kumari
- Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Manish Kumar Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Abul Hasan Sardar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Pushpanjali
- Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Selvasankar Murugesan
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, India
| | - Shyam Narayan
- Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Anil Kumar Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Krishna Pandey
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - V. N. R. Das
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Vahab Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Sanjiva Bimal
- Department of Immunology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Pradeep Das
- Department of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Shubhankar K. Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
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An in silico functional annotation and screening of potential drug targets derived from Leishmania spp. hypothetical proteins identified by immunoproteomics. Exp Parasitol 2017; 176:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Duarte MC, Lage DP, Martins VT, Costa LE, Carvalho AMRS, Ludolf F, Santos TTDO, Vale DL, Roatt BM, Menezes-Souza D, Fernandes AP, Tavares CAP, Coelho EAF. A vaccine composed of a hypothetical protein and the eukaryotic initiation factor 5a from Leishmania braziliensis cross-protection against Leishmania amazonensis infection. Immunobiology 2017; 222:251-260. [PMID: 27693018 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, two proteins cloned from Leishmania braziliensis species, a hypothetical protein (LbHyp) and the eukaryotic initiation factor 5a (EiF5a), were evaluated to protect BALB/c mice against L. amazonensis infection. The animals were immunized with the antigens, either separately or in combination, using saponin as an immune adjuvant in both cases. Spleen cells from vaccinated and later infected mice produced significantly higher levels of protein and parasite-specific IFN-γ, IL-12, and GM-CSF, in addition to low levels of IL-4 and IL-10. Evaluating the parasite load by means of a limiting dilution technique and quantitative Real-Time PCR, vaccinated animals presented significant reductions in the parasite load in both infected tissues and organs, as well as lower footpad swelling, when compared to the control (saline and saponin) groups. The best results regarding the protection of the animals were achieved when the combined vaccine was administered into the animals. Protection was associated with an IFN-γ production against parasite antigens, which was mediated by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and correlated with antileishmanial nitrite production. In conclusion, data from the present study show that this polyprotein vaccine, which combines two L. braziliensis proteins, can induce protection against L. amazonensis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Costa Duarte
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela Pagliara Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vívian Tamietti Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lourena Emanuele Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Ravena Severino Carvalho
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ludolf
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thaís Teodoro de Oliveira Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danniele Luciana Vale
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mendes Roatt
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Pereira Tavares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Increased Abundance of Proteins Involved in Resistance to Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress at the Last Stages of Growth and Development of Leishmania amazonensis Promastigotes Revealed by Proteome Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164344. [PMID: 27776144 PMCID: PMC5077082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmania amazonensis is one of the major etiological agents of the neglected, stigmatizing disease termed american cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). ACL is a zoonosis and rodents are the main reservoirs. Most cases of ACL are reported in Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia and Peru. The biological cycle of the parasite is digenetic because sand fly vectors transmit the motile promastigote stage to the mammalian host dermis during blood meal intakes. The amastigote stage survives within phagocytes of the mammalian host. The purpose of this study is detection and identification of changes in protein abundance by 2DE/MALDI-TOF/TOF at the main growth phases of L. amazonensis promastigotes in axenic culture and the differentiation process that takes place simultaneously. The average number of proteins detected per gel is 202 and the non-redundant cumulative number is 339. Of those, 63 are differentially abundant throughout growth and simultaneous differentiation of L. amazonensis promastigotes. The main finding is that certain proteins involved in resistance to nitrosative and oxidative stress are more abundant at the last stages of growth and differentiation of cultured L. amazonensis promastigotes. These proteins are the arginase, a light variant of the tryparedoxin peroxidase, the iron superoxide dismutase, the regulatory subunit of the protein kinase A and a light HSP70 variant. These data taken together with the decrease of the stress-inducible protein 1 levels are additional evidence supporting the previously described pre-adaptative hypothesis, which consists of preparation in advance towards the amastigote stage.
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Coelho CH, Costa AO, Silva ACC, Pucci MM, Serufo AV, Busatti HGNO, Durigan M, Perales J, Chapeaurouge A, da Silva e Silva DA, Gomes MA, Toledo JS, Singer SM, Silva-Pereira RA, Fernandes AP. Genotyping and Descriptive Proteomics of a Potential Zoonotic Canine Strain of Giardia duodenalis, Infective to Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164946. [PMID: 27760188 PMCID: PMC5070761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The zoonotic potential of giardiasis, as proposed by WHO since the late 70's, has been largely confirmed in this century. The genetic assemblages A and B of Giardia duodenalis are frequently isolated from human and canine hosts. Most of the assemblage A strains are not infective to adult mice, which can limit the range of studies regarding to biology of G. duodenalis, including virulence factors and the interaction with host immune system. This study aimed to determine the infectivity in mice of an assemblage A Giardia duodenalis strain (BHFC1) isolated from a dog and to classify the strain in sub-assemblages (AI, AII, AIII) through the phylogenetic analysis of beta-giardin (bg), triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) and glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) genes. In addition, the proteomic profile of soluble and insoluble protein fractions of trophozoites was analyzed by 2D-electrophoresis. Accordingly, trophozoites of BHFC1 were highly infective to Swiss mice. The phylogenetic analysis of tpi and gdh revealed that BHFC1 clustered to sub-assemblage AI. The proteomic map of soluble and insoluble protein fractions led to the identification of 187 proteins of G. duodenalis, 27 of them corresponding to hypothetical proteins. Considering both soluble and soluble fractions, the vast majority of the identified proteins (n = 82) were classified as metabolic proteins, mainly associated with carbon and lipid metabolism, including 53 proteins with catalytic activity. Some of the identified proteins correspond to antigens while others can be correlated with virulence. Besides a significant complementation to the proteomic data of G. duodenalis, these data provide an important source of information for future studies on various aspects of the biology of this parasite, such as virulence factors and host and pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Henriques Coelho
- Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicológicas – Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Adriana Oliveira Costa
- Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicológicas – Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Carvalho Silva
- Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicológicas – Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maíra Mazzoni Pucci
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou - FIOCRUZ/MG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Angela Vieira Serufo
- Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicológicas – Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Maurício Durigan
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética (CBMEG-UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jonas Perales
- Laboratório de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz- FIOCRUZ/RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alex Chapeaurouge
- Laboratório de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz- FIOCRUZ/RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Aparecida Gomes
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliano Simões Toledo
- Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicológicas – Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Steven M. Singer
- Biology Department – Georgetown University, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - Ana Paula Fernandes
- Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicológicas – Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Lage DP, Martins VT, Duarte MC, Costa LE, Tavares GDSV, Ramos FF, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Menezes-Souza D, Roatt BM, Tavares CAP, Coelho EAF. Cross-protective efficacy of Leishmania infantum LiHyD protein against tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major and Leishmania braziliensis species. Acta Trop 2016; 158:220-230. [PMID: 26976272 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination can be considered the most cost-effective strategy to control neglected diseases, but nowadays there is not an effective vaccine available against leishmaniasis. In the present study, a vaccine based on the combination of the Leishmania-specific hypothetical protein (LiHyD) with saponin was tested in BALB/c mice against infection caused by Leishmania major and Leishmania braziliensis species. This antigen was firstly identified in Leishmania infantum and showed to be protective against infection of BALB/c mice using this parasite species. The immunogenicity of rLiHyD/saponin vaccine was evaluated, and the results showed that immunized mice produced high levels of IFN-γ, IL-12 and GM-CSF after in vitro stimulation with rLiHyD, as well as by using L. major or L. braziliensis protein extracts. After challenge, vaccinated animals showed significant reductions in the infected footpad swellings, as well as in the parasite burden in the infection site, liver, spleen, and infected paws draining lymph nodes, when compared to those that were inoculated with the vaccine diluent (saline) or immunized with saponin. The immunization of rLiHyD without adjuvant was not protective against both challenges. The partial protection obtained by the rLiHyD/saponin vaccine was associated with a parasite-specific IL-12-dependent IFN-γ secretion, which was produced mainly by CD4(+) T cells. In these animals, a decrease in the parasite-mediated IL-4 and IL-10 responses, associated with the presence of high levels of LiHyD- and parasite-specific IgG2a isotype antibodies, were also observed. The present study showed that a hypothetical protein that was firstly identified in L. infantum, when combined to a Th1 adjuvant, was able to confer a cross-protection against highly infective stationary-phase promastigotes of two Leishmania species causing tegumentary leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pagliara Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vívian Tamietti Martins
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Costa Duarte
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lourena Emanuele Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Grasiele de Sousa Vieira Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Fonseca Ramos
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Miguel Angel Chávez-Fumagalli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mendes Roatt
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Pereira Tavares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Proteome profiling of the growth phases of Leishmania pifanoi promastigotes in axenic culture reveals differential abundance of immunostimulatory proteins. Acta Trop 2016; 158:240-247. [PMID: 26992294 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a term that encompasses a compendium of neglected tropical diseases caused by dimorphic and digenetic protozoan parasites from the genus Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae). The clinical manifestations of neotropical cutaneous leishmaniasis (NCL) caused by Leishmania pifanoi and other species of the "Leishmania mexicana complex" mainly correspond to anergic diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (ADCL), which is the origin of considerable morbidity. Despite the outstanding advances in the characterization of the trypanosomatid genomes and proteomes, the biology of this species has been scarcely explored. However, the close relation of L. pifanoi to the sequenced species L. mexicana and others included in the "L. mexicana complex" allowed us to perform a two-dimension electrophoresis (2DE) approach to the promastigote proteome at the differential expression level. Protein identifications were performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF). This insight has revealed similarities and differences between L. pifanoi and other species responsible for cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Interestingly, certain proteins that were previously described as immunostimulatory (elongation factor 1β, trypanothione peroxidase, heat shock protein 70, enolase, GDP-forming succinyl-CoA and aldehyde dehydrogenase) are more abundant in the final growth stages of promastigotes (late-logarithmic and/or stationary phase) in the case of L. pifanoi.
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Investigation of effects ofGiardia duodenalison transcellular and paracellular transport in enterocytes usingin vitroUssing chamber experiments. Parasitology 2014; 142:691-7. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182014001772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYThe mechanisms by which different genotypes ofGiardia duodenalisresult in different symptoms remain unresolved. In particular, we lack detailed knowledge on which transport mechanisms (transcellular or paracellular) are affected by differentGiardiaisolates. Using horse radish peroxidase (HRP) and creatinine as transcellular and paracellular probes, respectively, we developed a robust assay that can be used with an Ussing chamber to investigate epithelial transport, as well as short-circuit current as an indicator of net ion transport. We investigated 2Giardiaisolates, both Assemblage A, one a lab-adapted strain and the other a field isolate. Results indicate that products from sonicatedGiardiatrophozoites increase both transcellular and paracellular transport. A non-significant increase in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and short-circuit current were also noted. The paracellular transport was increased significantly more in the field isolate than in the lab-adapted strain. Our results indicate that while both transcellular and paracellular transport mechanisms may be increased following exposure of cells toGiardiatrophozoite sonicate, perhaps by inducing non-specific increases in cellular traffic, it is important thatin vitrostudies ofGiardiapathophysiology are conducted with differentGiardiaisolates, not just lab-attenuated strains.
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