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Hadpech S, Thongboonkerd V. Proteomic investigations of dengue virus infection: key discoveries over the last 10 years. Expert Rev Proteomics 2024:1-15. [PMID: 39049185 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2383580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dengue virus (DENV) infection remains one of the most significant infectious diseases in humans. Several efforts have been made to address its molecular mechanisms. Over the last 10 years, proteomics has been widely applied to investigate various aspects of DENV infection. AREAS COVERED In this review, we briefly introduce common proteomics approaches using various mass spectrometric modalities followed by summarizing all the discoveries obtained from proteomic investigations of DENV infection over the last 10 years. These include the data on DENV-vector interactions and host responses to address the DENV biology and disease mechanisms. Moreover, applications of proteomics to disease prevention, diagnosis, vaccine design, development of anti-DENV agents and other new treatment strategies are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Despite efforts on disease prevention, DENV infection is still a significant global healthcare burden that affects the general population. As summarized herein, proteomic technologies with high-throughput capabilities have provided more in-depth details of protein dynamics during DENV infection. More extensive applications of proteomics and other powerful research tools would provide a promise to better cope and prevent this mosquito-borne infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarat Hadpech
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Keat-Chuan Ng C, Linus-Lojikip S, Mohamed K, Hss AS. Application of medical information system to identify dengue outbreak factors: Insights from a hyperendemic city in Malaysia. Int J Med Inform 2023; 177:105162. [PMID: 37549500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2023.105162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is widespread globally, but it is more severe in hyperendemic regions where the virus, its vectors, and its human hosts naturally occur. The problem is particularly acute in cities, where outbreaks affect a large human population living in a wide array of socio-environmental conditions. Controlling outbreaks will rely largely on systematic data collection and analysis approaches to uncover nuances on a city-by-city basis due to the diversity of factors. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study is to consolidate and analyse the dengue case dataset amassed by the e-Dengue web-based information system, developed by the Ministry of Health Malaysia, to improve our epidemiological understanding. METHODS We retrieved data from the e-Dengue system and integrated a total of 18,812 cases from 2012 to 2019 (8 years) with meteorological data, geoinformatics techniques, and socio-environmental observations to identify plausible factors that could have caused dengue outbreaks in Ipoh, a hyperendemic city in Malaysia. RESULTS The rainfall trend characterised by a linearity of R2 > 0.99, termed the "wet-dry steps", may be the unifying factor for triggering dengue outbreaks, though it is still a hypothesis that needs further validation. Successful mapping of the dengue "reservoir" contact zones and spill-over diffusion revealed socio-environmental factors that may be controlled through preventive measures. Age is another factor to consider, as the platelet and white blood cell counts in the "below 5" age group are much greater than in other age groups. CONCLUSIONS Our work demonstrates the novelty of the e-Dengue system, which can identify outbreak factors at high resolution when integrated with non-medical fields. Besides dengue, the techniques and insights laid out in this paper are valuable, at large, for advancing control strategies for other mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria, chikungunya, and zika in other hyperendemic cities elsewhere globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Keat-Chuan Ng
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Sharon Linus-Lojikip
- Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ministry of Health, Jalan Raja Ashman Shah, 30450 Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Khairunnisa Mohamed
- Vector-borne Disease Unit, Perak State Health Department, Jalan Koo Chong Kong, 30000 Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Amar-Singh Hss
- Galen Centre for Health and Social Policy, C-13A-12, Scott Garden SOHO, 58000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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3
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Karrow NA, Shandilya UK, Pelech S, Wagter-Lesperance L, McLeod D, Bridle B, Mallard BA. Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination and Its Potential Impact on Fetal and Neonatal Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9111351. [PMID: 34835282 PMCID: PMC8617890 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines have been developed at "warp speed" to combat the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Although they are considered the best approach for preventing mortality, when assessing the safety of these vaccines, pregnant women have not been included in clinical trials. Thus, vaccine safety for this demographic, as well as for the developing fetus and neonate, remains to be determined. A global effort has been underway to encourage pregnant women to get vaccinated despite the uncertain risk posed to them and their offspring. Given this, post-hoc data collection, potentially for years, will be required to determine the outcomes of COVID-19 and vaccination on the next generation. Most COVID-19 vaccine reactions include injection site erythema, pain, swelling, fatigue, headache, fever and lymphadenopathy, which may be sufficient to affect fetal/neonatal development. In this review, we have explored components of the first-generation viral vector and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines that are believed to contribute to adverse reactions and which may negatively impact fetal and neonatal development. We have followed this with a discussion of the potential for using an ovine model to explore the long-term outcomes of COVID-19 vaccination during the prenatal and neonatal periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niel A. Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
- Correspondence:
| | - Umesh K. Shandilya
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Steven Pelech
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada;
| | - Lauraine Wagter-Lesperance
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.W.-L.); (B.B.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Deanna McLeod
- Kaleidoscope Strategic Inc., Toronto, ON M6R 1E7, Canada;
| | - Byram Bridle
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.W.-L.); (B.B.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Bonnie A. Mallard
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.W.-L.); (B.B.); (B.A.M.)
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Van de Perre P, Molès J, Nagot N, Tuaillon E, Ceccaldi P, Goga A, Prendergast AJ, Rollins N. Revisiting Koch's postulate to determine the plausibility of viral transmission by human milk. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:835-842. [PMID: 33594740 PMCID: PMC8359252 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As breastfeeding is of utmost importance for child development and survival, identifying whether breast milk is a route of transmission for human viruses is critical. Based on the principle of Koch's postulate, we propose an analytical framework to determine the plausibility of viral transmission by breast milk. This framework is based on five criteria: viral infection in children receiving breast milk from infected mothers; the presence of virus, viral antigen, or viral genome in the breast milk of infected mothers; the evidence for the virus in breast milk being infectious; the attempts to rule out other transmission modalities; and the reproduction of viral transmission by oral inoculation in an animal model. We searched for evidence in published reports to determine whether the 5 criteria are fulfilled for 16 human viruses that are suspected to be transmissible by breast milk. We considered breast milk transmission is proven if all 5 criteria are fulfilled, as probable if 4 of the 5 criteria are met, as possible if 3 of the 5 criteria are fulfilled, and as unlikely if less than 3 criteria are met. Only five viruses have proven transmission through breast milk: human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1, human immunodeficiency virus, human cytomegalovirus, dengue virus, and Zika virus. The other 11 viruses fulfilled some but not all criteria and were categorized accordingly. Our framework analysis is useful for guiding public health recommendations and for identifying knowledge gaps amenable to original experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging InfectionsUniversity of MontpellierINSERMEtablissement Français du SangAntilles UniversityMontpellierFrance
- CHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Jean‐Pierre Molès
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging InfectionsUniversity of MontpellierINSERMEtablissement Français du SangAntilles UniversityMontpellierFrance
- CHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging InfectionsUniversity of MontpellierINSERMEtablissement Français du SangAntilles UniversityMontpellierFrance
- CHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging InfectionsUniversity of MontpellierINSERMEtablissement Français du SangAntilles UniversityMontpellierFrance
- CHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Pierre‐Emmanuel Ceccaldi
- Unité Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus OncogènesCNRS UMR 3569Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Ameena Goga
- HIV Prevention Research UnitSouth African Medical Research CouncilCape TownSouth Africa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child HealthUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Andrew J. Prendergast
- Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonUK
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health ResearchHarareZimbabwe
| | - Nigel Rollins
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and AgeingWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland
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Mantri CK, Soundarajan G, Saron WAA, Rathore APS, Alonso S, St. John AL. Maternal Immunity and Vaccination Influence Disease Severity in Progeny in a Novel Mast Cell-Deficient Mouse Model of Severe Dengue. Viruses 2021; 13:v13050900. [PMID: 34066286 PMCID: PMC8152039 DOI: 10.3390/v13050900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-neutralizing concentrations of antibodies in dengue infected patients is a major risk factor for the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Here, we describe a mouse model with a deficiency in mast cells (MCs) in addition to a deficiency in Type-I and II IFN receptors for studying dengue virus (DENV) infection. We used this model to understand the influence of MCs in a maternal antibody-dependent model of severe dengue, where offspring born to DENV-immune mothers are challenged with a heterologous DENV serotype. Mice lacking both MCs and IFN receptors were found susceptible to primary DENV infection and showed morbidity and mortality. When these mice were immunized, pups born to DENV-immune mothers were found to be protected for a longer duration from a heterologous DENV challenge. In the absence of MCs and type-I interferon signaling, IFN-γ was found to protect pups born to naïve mothers but had the opposite effect on pups born to DENV-immune mothers. Our results highlight the complex interactions between MCs and IFN-signaling in influencing the role of maternal antibodies in DENV-induced disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay Kumar Mantri
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (G.S.); (W.A.A.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.K.M.); (A.L.S.J.)
| | - Gayathri Soundarajan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (G.S.); (W.A.A.S.)
| | - Wilfried A. A. Saron
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (G.S.); (W.A.A.S.)
| | - Abhay P. S. Rathore
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Sylvie Alonso
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore;
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Ashley L. St. John
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (G.S.); (W.A.A.S.)
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-National University of Singapore Global Health Institute, Singapore 168753, Singapore
- Correspondence: (C.K.M.); (A.L.S.J.)
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Byrne AB, García AG, Brahamian JM, Mauri A, Ferretti A, Polack FP, Talarico LB. A murine model of dengue virus infection in suckling C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Animal Model Exp Med 2021; 4:16-26. [PMID: 33738433 PMCID: PMC7954830 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a significant public health concern across tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, principally causing disease in children. Very young children are at increased risk of severe manifestations of dengue infection. The mechanism of dengue disease in this population is not fully understood. In this study, we present a murine model of dengue virus primary infection in suckling C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice in order to investigate disease pathogenesis. Three-day-old C57BL/6 mice intraperitoneally infected with DENV-2 NGC were more susceptible to infection than BALB/c mice, showing increased liver enzymes, extended viremia, dissemination to organs and histological alterations in liver and small intestine. Furthermore, the immune response in DENV-infected C57BL/6 mice exhibited a marked Th1 bias compared to BALB/c mice. These findings highlight the possibility of establishing an immunocompetent mouse model of DENV-2 infection in suckling mice that reproduces certain signs of disease observed in humans and that could be used to further study age-related mechanisms of dengue pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana B. Byrne
- Fundación INFANTBuenos AiresArgentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
- Present address:
Laboratorio de Investigaciones Infectológicas y Biología MolecularInfectologíaDepartamento de MedicinaHospital de Niños Ricardo GutiérrezBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Ayelén G. García
- Fundación INFANTBuenos AiresArgentina
- Present address:
Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI) ‐ Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) “Dr Carlos Malbrán”Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Jorge M. Brahamian
- Fundación INFANTBuenos AiresArgentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
- Present address:
Departamento de Química Biológica‐IQUIBICEN (CONICET‐UBA)Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
| | | | | | | | - Laura B. Talarico
- Fundación INFANTBuenos AiresArgentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
- Present address:
Laboratorio de Investigaciones Infectológicas y Biología MolecularInfectologíaDepartamento de MedicinaHospital de Niños Ricardo GutiérrezBuenos AiresArgentina
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7
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Cabezas-Falcon S, Norbury AJ, Hulme-Jones J, Klebe S, Adamson P, Rudd PA, Mahalingam S, Ong LC, Alonso S, Gordon DL, Carr JM. Changes in complement alternative pathway components, factor B and factor H during dengue virus infection in the AG129 mouse. J Gen Virol 2021; 102:001547. [PMID: 33410734 PMCID: PMC8515863 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement alternative pathway (AP) is tightly regulated and changes in two important AP components, factor B (FB) and factor H (FH) are linked to severe dengue in humans. Here, a mouse model of dengue was investigated to define the changes in FB and FH and assess the utility of this model to study the role of the AP in severe dengue. Throughout the period of viremia in the AG129 IFN signalling-deficient mouse, an increase in FB and a decrease in FH was observed following dengue virus (DENV) infection, with the former only seen in a model of more severe disease associated with antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Terminal disease was associated with a decrease in FB and FH, with greater changes during ADE, and accompanied by increased C3 degradation consistent with complement activation. In silico analysis of NFκΒ, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) and IFN-driven FB and FH promoter elements to reflect the likely impact of the lack of IFN-responses in AG129 mice, demonstrated that these elements differed markedly between human and mouse, notably with mouse FH lacking NFκΒ and key IFN-stimulated response elements (ISRE), and FB with many more NFκΒ and STAT-responsive elements than human FB. Thus, the AG129 mouse offers utility in demonstrating changes in FB and FH that, similar to humans, are associated with severe disease, but lack predicted important human-specific and IFN-dependent responses of FB and FH to DENV-infection that are likely to regulate the subtleties of the overall AP response during dengue disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Cabezas-Falcon
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, South Australia
| | - Aidan J. Norbury
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, South Australia
| | - Jarrod Hulme-Jones
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, South Australia
| | - Sonja Klebe
- Anatomy and Pathology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, South Australia
- SA Pathology, Adelaide 5000, South Australia
| | - Penelope Adamson
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, South Australia
| | - Penny A. Rudd
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4215, Australia
| | - Suresh Mahalingam
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4215, Australia
| | - Li-Ching Ong
- Infectious Disease Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sylvie Alonso
- Infectious Disease Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - David L. Gordon
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, South Australia
- SA Pathology, Adelaide 5000, South Australia
| | - Jillian M. Carr
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, South Australia
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8
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Zhou Y, Chen D, Yang L, Zou W, Duan Z, Zhang Y, Wen J. Dengue virus envelope protein domain III-elicited antibodies mediate cross-protection against Zika virus in a mouse model. Virus Res 2020; 278:197882. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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9
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Willis E, Pardi N, Parkhouse K, Mui BL, Tam YK, Weissman D, Hensley SE. Nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccination partially overcomes maternal antibody inhibition of de novo immune responses in mice. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaav5701. [PMID: 31915303 PMCID: PMC7339908 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav5701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Maternal antibodies provide short-term protection to infants against many infections. However, they can inhibit de novo antibody responses in infants elicited by infections or vaccination, leading to increased long-term susceptibility to infectious diseases. Thus, there is a need to develop vaccines that are able to elicit protective immune responses in the presence of antigen-specific maternal antibodies. Here, we used a mouse model to demonstrate that influenza virus-specific maternal antibodies inhibited de novo antibody responses in mouse pups elicited by influenza virus infection or administration of conventional influenza vaccines. We found that a recently developed influenza vaccine, nucleoside-modified mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNP), partially overcame this inhibition by maternal antibodies. The mRNA-LNP influenza vaccine established long-lived germinal centers in the mouse pups and elicited stronger antibody responses than did a conventional influenza vaccine approved for use in humans. Vaccination with mRNA-LNP vaccines may offer a promising strategy for generating robust immune responses in infants in the presence of maternal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elinor Willis
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kaela Parkhouse
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Scott E Hensley
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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10
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Fox-Lewis A, Hopkins J, Sar P, Sao S, Pheaktra N, Day NPJ, Blacksell SD, Turner P. Seroprevalence of Dengue Virus and Rickettsial Infections in Cambodian Children. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 100:635-638. [PMID: 30675849 PMCID: PMC6402902 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Scrub typhus (ST, Orientia tsutsugamushi), murine typhus (MT, Rickettsia typhi), and dengue virus (DENV) are important causes of childhood morbidity in Cambodia. This prospective, cross-sectional seroprevalence study determined the proportion of Cambodian children infected by these pathogens and the ages at which initial infection is likely to occur. A total of 993 patient serum samples were tested for MT- and ST-specific IgG, and 837 samples tested for DENV-specific IgG. Overall, ST, MT, and DENV seroprevalence was high, estimated at 4.2%, 5.3%, and 50.7%, respectively. Scrub typhus and MT seropositivity peaked in children aged 8–11 and 12–15 years, respectively, suggesting initial infection occurs in these ages. Dengue virus seroprevalence steadily increased with age, indicating constant DENV exposure. The results of this study suggest that in Cambodian children presenting with undifferentiated febrile illness, dengue should be considered high in the list of differential diagnoses, and empirical anti-rickettsial antimicrobial therapy may be more indicated in 8- to 15-year-olds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Fox-Lewis
- Cambodia-Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Hopkins
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Cambodia-Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia
| | - Poda Sar
- Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia.,Cambodia-Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia
| | - Sena Sao
- Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia.,Cambodia-Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia
| | | | - Nicholas P J Day
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart D Blacksell
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Turner
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Cambodia-Oxford Medical Research Unit, Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia
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11
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Adaptive immune responses to primary and secondary dengue virus infections. Nat Rev Immunol 2019; 19:218-230. [PMID: 30679808 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-019-0123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dengue is the leading mosquito-borne viral illness infecting humans. Owing to the circulation of multiple serotypes, global expansion of the disease and recent gains in vaccination coverage, pre-existing immunity to dengue virus is abundant in the human population, and secondary dengue infections are common. Here, we contrast the mechanisms initiating and sustaining adaptive immune responses during primary infection with the immune pathways that are pre-existing and reactivated during secondary dengue. We also discuss new developments in our understanding of the contributions of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and antibodies to immunity and memory recall. Memory recall may lead to protective or pathological outcomes, and understanding of these processes will be key to developing or refining dengue vaccines to be safe and effective.
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12
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Willcox AC, Collins MH, Jadi R, Keeler C, Parr JB, Mumba D, Kashamuka M, Tshefu A, de Silva AM, Meshnick SR. Seroepidemiology of Dengue, Zika, and Yellow Fever Viruses among Children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 99:756-763. [PMID: 29988000 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses such as Zika, dengue, and yellow fever cause epidemics throughout the tropics and account for substantial global morbidity and mortality. Although malaria and other vector-borne diseases have long been appreciated in Africa, flavivirus epidemiology is incompletely understood. Despite the existence of an effective vaccine, yellow fever continues to cause outbreaks and deaths, including at least 42 fatalities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in 2016. Here, we leveraged biospecimens collected as part of the nationally representative 2013-2014 Demographic and Health Survey in the DRC to examine serological evidence of flavivirus infection or vaccination in children aged 6 months to 5 years. Even in this young stratum of the Congolese population, we find evidence of infection by dengue and Zika viruses based on results from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay. Surprisingly, there was remarkable discordance between reported yellow fever vaccination status and results of serological assays. The estimated seroprevalences of neutralizing antibodies against each virus are yellow fever, 6.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.6-7.5%); dengue, 0.4% (0.1-0.9%); and Zika, 0.1% (0.0-0.5%). These results merit targeted, prospective studies to assess effectiveness of yellow fever vaccination programs, determine flavivirus seroprevalence across a broader age range, and investigate how these emerging diseases contribute to the burden of acute febrile illness in the DRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C Willcox
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Matthew H Collins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Emory School of Medicine, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Ramesh Jadi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Corinna Keeler
- Department of Geography, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jonathan B Parr
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Dieudonné Mumba
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Melchior Kashamuka
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Antoinette Tshefu
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Aravinda M de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Steven R Meshnick
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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13
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Zaidi MB, Garcia-Cordero J, Rivero-Gomez R, Corzo-Gomez J, González y Almeida ME, Bonilla-Moreno R, Bustos-Arriaga J, Villegas-Sepulveda N, Flores-Romo L, Cedillo-Barron L. Competitive suppression of dengue virus replication occurs in chikungunya and dengue co-infected Mexican infants. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:378. [PMID: 29970133 PMCID: PMC6029041 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2942-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-circulation of dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is increasing worldwide but information on the viral dynamics and immune response to DENV-CHIKV co-infection, particularly in young infants, is scant. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 24 patients, aged 2 months to 82 years, during a CHIKV outbreak in Mexico. DENV and CHIKV were identified by RT-PCR; ELISA was used to detect IgM and IgG antibodies. CHIKV PCR products were cloned, sequenced and subjected to BLAST analysis. To address serological findings, HMEC-1 and Vero cells were inoculated with DENV-1, DENV-2 and CHIKV alone and in combination (DENV-2-CHIKV and DENV-1-CHIKV); viral titers were measured at 24, 48 and 72 h. RESULTS Nine patients (38%) presented co-infection, of who eight were children. None of the patients presented severe illness. Sequence analysis showed that the circulating CHIKV virus belonged to the Asian lineage. Seroconversion to both viruses was only observed in the four patients five years or older, while the five infants under two years of age only seroconverted to CHIKV. Viral titers in the CHIKV mono-infected cells were greater than in the DENV-1 and DENV-2 mono-infected cells. Furthermore, we observed significantly increased CHIKV progeny and reduction of DENV progeny in the co-infected cells. CONCLUSIONS In our population, DENV-CHIKV co-infection was not associated with increased clinical severity. Our in vitro assay findings strongly suggest that the lack of DENV IgG conversion in the co-infected infants is due to suppression of DENV replication by the Asian lineage CHIKV. The presence of maternal antibody and immature immune responses in the young infants may also play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mussaret B Zaidi
- Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Hospital General O’Horan, Merida, Mexico
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, Lansing, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - José Bustos-Arriaga
- Molecular Biology and Arbovirus Immunology UBIMED FES Iztacala, Mexican National Autonomous University, Edo de Mexico, Mexico
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