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Soto-Garita C, Murillo T, Chávez-Peraza I, Campos-Ávila J, Prado-Hidalgo G, Drexler JF, Moreira-Soto A, Corrales-Aguilar E. Epidemiological, virological and clinical characterization of a Dengue/Zika outbreak in the Caribbean region of Costa Rica 2017-2018. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1421744. [PMID: 38988809 PMCID: PMC11233455 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1421744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The increase in incidence and geographical expansion of viruses transmitted by the Aedes mosquitoes, such as dengue (DENV) and zika (ZIKV) in the Americas, represents a burden for healthcare systems in tropical and subtropical regions. These and other under-detected arboviruses co-circulate in Costa Rica, adding additional complexity to their management due to their shared epidemiological behavior and similarity of symptoms in early stages. Since diagnostics of febrile illness is mostly based on clinical symptoms alone, we gathered acute-phase serum and urine from 399 samples of acute dengue-like cases from two healthcare facilities of Costa Rica, during an outbreak of arboviruses from July 2017 to May 2018, and tested them using molecular and serological methods. The analyses showed that of the clinically presumptive arbovirus cases that were reported, only 39.4% (n=153) of the samples were confirmed positive by RT-PCR to be DENV (DENV (10.3%), CHIKV (0.2%), ZIKV (27.3%), or mixed infections (1.5%). RT-PCR for other alphaviruses and flaviviruses, and PCR for Leptospira sp were negative. Furthermore, to assess flavivirus positivity in post-acute patients, the negative sera were tested against Dengue-IgM. 20% of sera were found positive, confounding even more the definitive number of cases, and emphasizing the need of several distinct diagnostic tools for accurate diagnostics. Molecular characterization of the prM and E genes from isolated viruses revealed that the American/Asian genotype of DENV-2 and the Asian lineage of ZIKV were circulating during this outbreak. Two different clades of DENV-2 American/Asian genotype were identified to co-circulate in the same region and a difference in the platelet and leukocyte count was noted between people infected with each clade, suggesting a putative distinct virulence. Our study sheds light on the necessity for healthcare strategies in managing arbovirus outbreaks, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive molecular and serological diagnostic approaches, as well as molecular characterization. This approach aids in enhancing our understanding of the clinical and epidemiological aspects of arboviral diseases during outbreaks. Our research highlights the need to strengthen training programs for health professionals and the need to increase research-based on laboratory evidence for diagnostic accuracy, guidance, development and implementation of public health interventions and epidemiological surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Soto-Garita
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET) and Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- National Reference Centre for Virology, Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), San José, Costa Rica
| | - Tatiana Murillo
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET) and Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Ileana Chávez-Peraza
- Siquirres Integral Healthcare Center (CAIS), Costa Rican Social Security Fund (CCSS), Limón, Costa Rica
| | - Josué Campos-Ávila
- Siquirres Integral Healthcare Center (CAIS), Costa Rican Social Security Fund (CCSS), Limón, Costa Rica
| | - Grace Prado-Hidalgo
- Talamanca Healthcare Center, Costa Rican Social Security Fund (CCSS), Limón, Costa Rica
| | - Jan Felix Drexler
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Associated Partner Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andres Moreira-Soto
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eugenia Corrales-Aguilar
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET) and Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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Gallian P, Dupont I, Lacoste M, Brisbarre N, Isnard C, Delouane I, Richard P, Morel P, Laperche S, de Lamballerie X. Evaluation of assays for nucleic acid testing for the prevention of chikungunya and dengue virus transmission by blood transfusion. Transfusion 2024. [PMID: 38877832 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The large dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) outbreaks observed during the last decade across the world, as well as local transmissions in non-endemic areas are a growing concern for blood safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the sensitivity of nucleic acid tests (NAT) detecting DENV and CHIKV RNA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using DENV 1 to 4 International Standards, the limits of detection (LODs) calculated by probit analysis of two NAT assays; the cobas CHIKV/DENV assay (Roche Diagnostics) and the Procleix Dengue Virus Assay (Grifols) were compared. In addition, CHIKV-RNA LOD of the cobas CHIKV/DENV assay was evaluated. RESULTS For dengue, the 95% LOD of the cobas assay ranged between 4.10 [CI95%: 2.70-8.19] IU/mL (DENV-2) and 7.07 [CI95%: 4.34-14.89] IU/mL (DENV-4), and between 2.19 [CI95%: 1.53-3.83] IU/mL (DENV-3) and 5.84 [CI95%: 3.84-10.77] IU/mL (DENV-1) for Procleix assay. The Procleix assay had a significant lower LOD for DENV-3 (2.19 vs. 5.89 IU/mL) when compared to the cobas assay (p = 0.005). The 95% LOD for CHIKV-RNA detection of the cobas assay was 4.76 [CI95%: 3.08-8.94] IU/mL. DISCUSSION The two NAT assays developed for blood donor screening evaluated in this study demonstrated high and similar analytical performance. Subject to an appropriate risk-benefit assessment, they can be used to support blood safety during outbreaks in endemic areas or in non-endemic areas as an alternative to deferring blood donors during local transmission likely to affect the blood supply. The development of multiplex assays is expected to optimize laboratory organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Gallian
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint Denis, France
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Nadège Brisbarre
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur et Corse, Marseille, France
| | - Christine Isnard
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur et Corse, Marseille, France
| | - Idriss Delouane
- Établissement français du sang, La Réunion-Océan Indien. St-Denis, Réunion, France
| | - Pascale Richard
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint Denis, France
| | - Pascal Morel
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint Denis, France
| | - Syria Laperche
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint Denis, France
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
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Sohail A, Anders KL, McGuinness SL, Leder K. The epidemiology of imported and locally acquired dengue in Australia, 2012-2022. J Travel Med 2024; 31:taae014. [PMID: 38243558 PMCID: PMC10911064 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is the most important arboviral disease globally and poses ongoing challenges for control including in non-endemic countries with competent mosquito vectors at risk of local transmission through imported cases. We examined recent epidemiological trends in imported and locally acquired dengue in Australia, where the Wolbachia mosquito population replacement method was implemented throughout dengue-prone areas of northern Queensland between 2011 and 2019. METHODS We analysed dengue cases reported to the Australian National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System between January 2012 and December 2022, and Australian traveller movement data. RESULTS Between 2012 and 2022, 13 343 dengue cases were reported in Australia (median 1466 annual cases); 12 568 cases (94.2%) were imported, 584 (4.4%) were locally acquired and 191 (1.4%) had no origin recorded. Locally acquired cases decreased from a peak in 2013 (n = 236) to zero in 2021-22. Annual incidence of imported dengue ranged from 8.29/100 000 (n = 917 cases) to 22.10/100 000 (n = 2203) annual traveller movements between 2012 and 2019, decreased in 2020 (6.74/100 000 traveller movements; n = 191) and 2021 (3.32/100 000 traveller movements; n = 10) during COVID-19-related border closures, then rose to 34.79/100 000 traveller movements (n = 504) in 2022. Imported cases were primarily acquired in Southeast Asia (n = 9323; 74%), Southern and Central Asia (n = 1555; 12%) and Oceania (n = 1341; 11%). Indonesia (n = 5778; 46%) and Thailand (n = 1483; 12%) were top acquisition countries. DENV-2 (n = 2147; 42%) and DENV-1 (n = 1526; 30%) were predominant serotypes. CONCLUSION Our analysis highlights Australia's successful control of locally acquired dengue with Wolbachia. Imported dengue trends reflect both Australian travel destinations and patterns and local epidemiology in endemic countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Sohail
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Department, Grampians Health Service, 1 Drummond Street North, Ballarat, Victoria 3350, Australia
| | - Katherine L Anders
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, 12 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Sarah L McGuinness
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Department, Alfred Health, 55 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Karin Leder
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Melbourne Health, 300 Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
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Laverdeur J, Desmecht D, Hayette MP, Darcis G. Dengue and chikungunya: future threats for Northern Europe? FRONTIERS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 4:1342723. [PMID: 38456075 PMCID: PMC10911022 DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2024.1342723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viral diseases are likely to be affected by the consequences of climate change with an increase in their distribution and intensity. Among these infectious diseases, chikungunya and dengue viruses are two (re)emergent arboviruses transmitted by Aedes species mosquitoes and which have recently demonstrated their capacity for rapid expansion. They most often cause mild diseases, but they can both be associated with complications and severe forms. In Europe, following the establishment of invasive Aedes spp, the first outbreaks of autochtonous dengue and chikungunya have already occurred. Northern Europe is currently relatively spared, but climatic projections show that the conditions are permissive for the establishment of Aedes albopictus (also known as the tiger mosquito) in the coming decades. It is therefore essential to question and improve the means of surveillance in northern Europe, at the dawn of inevitable future epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Laverdeur
- Department of General Practice, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Daniel Desmecht
- Department of Animal Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie-Pierre Hayette
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gilles Darcis
- Department of Infectious Diseases and General Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Cárdenas-Isasi MJ, Martínez-Yoldi MJ, Galán JC. How should we generalise the diagnosis of dengue as it spreads to more and more regions of the world? ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2024; 42:1-3. [PMID: 38176844 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- María José Cárdenas-Isasi
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel J Martínez-Yoldi
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Galán
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
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Camprubí-Ferrer D, Ramponi F, Balerdi-Sarasola L, Godoy A, Sicuri E, Muñoz J. Rapid diagnostic tests for dengue would reduce hospitalizations, healthcare costs and antibiotic prescriptions in Spain: A cost-effectiveness analysis. ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2024; 42:30-33. [PMID: 37076328 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2022.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current gold standard diagnostic techniques for dengue are expensive and time-consuming. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have been proposed as alternatives, although data about their potential impact in non-endemic areas is scarce. METHODS We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing the costs of dengue RDTs to the current standard of care for the management of febrile returning travelers in Spain. Effectiveness was measured in terms of potential averted hospital admissions and reduction of empirical antibiotics, based on 2015-2020 dengue admissions at Hospital Clinic Barcelona (Spain). RESULTS Dengue RDTs were associated with 53.6% (95% CI: 33.9-72.5) reduction of hospital admissions and were estimated to save 289.08-389.31€ per traveler tested. Moreover, RDTs would have avoided the use of antibiotics in 46.4% (95% CI: 27.5-66.1) of dengue patients. DISCUSSION Implementation of dengue RDTs for the management of febrile travelers is a cost-saving strategy that would lead to a reduction of half of dengue admissions and a reduction of inappropriate antibiotics in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Camprubí-Ferrer
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; International Health, Medicine and translational research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Univeristat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francesco Ramponi
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ana Godoy
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Elisa Sicuri
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; LSE Health, Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - José Muñoz
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Fournet N, Voiry N, Rozenberg J, Bassi C, Cassonnet C, Karch A, Durand G, Grard G, Modenesi G, Lakoussan SB, Tayliam N, Zatta M, Gallien S, Noël H, Brichler S, Tarantola A. A cluster of autochthonous dengue transmission in the Paris region - detection, epidemiology and control measures, France, October 2023. Euro Surveill 2023; 28:2300641. [PMID: 38062947 PMCID: PMC10831405 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2023.28.49.2300641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A cluster of three confirmed autochthonous dengue cases was detected in October 2023 in the Val-de-Marne department neighbouring Paris, France. This marks the northernmost transmission of dengue in Europe reported to date. The epidemiological and microbiological investigations and the vector control measures are described. This event confirms the need for early case detection and response to contain dengue in Europe, especially given the 2024 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games, when millions of visitors will visit the Greater Paris area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Fournet
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Saint-Denis, France
| | - Nathalie Voiry
- Regional Health Agency of Île-de-France (ARS Île-de-France), Saint-Denis, France
| | - Julian Rozenberg
- Regional Health Agency of Île-de-France (ARS Île-de-France), Saint-Denis, France
| | - Clément Bassi
- Regional Health Agency of Île-de-France (ARS Île-de-France), Créteil, France
| | - Caroline Cassonnet
- Regional Health Agency of Île-de-France (ARS Île-de-France), Créteil, France
| | - Anaïs Karch
- Agence régionale de Démoustication, Rosny-sous-Bois, France
| | - Guillaume Durand
- National Reference Center for Arboviruses, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) and French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Marseille, France
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
| | - Gilda Grard
- National Reference Center for Arboviruses, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) and French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Marseille, France
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
| | - Gabriela Modenesi
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Saint-Denis, France
| | | | | | - Marta Zatta
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Gallien
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Harold Noël
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Ségolène Brichler
- Laboratory of virology, Avicenne University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Arnaud Tarantola
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Saint-Denis, France
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Kobayashi D, Kai I, Faizah AN, Moi ML, Tajima S, Takasaki T, Sasaki T, Isawa H. Comparative analysis of the susceptibility of Aedes aegypti and Japanese Aedes albopictus to all dengue virus serotypes. Trop Med Health 2023; 51:61. [PMID: 37919794 PMCID: PMC10621184 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-023-00553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus (DENV), is the most common viral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes (mainly Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus) worldwide. Aedes aegypti is not currently established in Japan, and Ae. albopictus is the primary vector mosquito for DENV in the country, but knowledge of its viral susceptibility is limited. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the status of DENV susceptibility by comparing the infection and dissemination dynamics of Japanese Ae. albopictus to all known DENV serotypes with those of Ae. aegypti. METHODS After propagation of each DENV serotype in Vero cells, the culture supernatants were mixed with defibrinated rabbit blood and adenosine triphosphate, and the mixture was artificially blood-sucked by two colonies of Ae. albopictus from Japan and one colony of Ae. aegypti from a dengue-endemic country (Vietnam). After 14 days of sucking, the mosquito body was divided into two parts (thorax/abdomen and head/wings/legs) and total RNA was extracted from each sample. DENV RNA was detected in these extracted RNA samples using a quantitative RT-PCR method specific for each DENV serotype, and infection and dissemination rates were analyzed. RESULTS The Japanese Ae. albopictus colonies were susceptible to all DENV serotypes. Its infection and dissemination rates were significantly lower than those of Ae. aegypti. However, the number of DENV RNA copies in Ae. albopictus was almost not significantly different from that in Ae. aegypti. Furthermore, Japanese Ae. albopictus differed widely in their susceptibility to each DENV serotype. CONCLUSIONS In Japanese Ae. albopictus, once DENV overcame the midgut infection barrier, the efficiency of subsequent propagation and dissemination of the virus in the mosquito body was comparable to that of Ae. aegypti. Based on the results of this study and previous dengue outbreak trends, Ae. albopictus is predicted to be highly compatible with DENV-1, suggesting that this serotype poses a high risk for future epidemics in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
- Management Department of Biosafety, Laboratory Animal, and Pathogen Bank, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Izumi Kai
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Astri Nur Faizah
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Meng Ling Moi
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tajima
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Takasaki
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- BML, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshinori Sasaki
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Isawa
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Manica M, Marini G, Solimini A, Guzzetta G, Poletti P, Scognamiglio P, Virgillito C, della Torre A, Merler S, Rosà R, Vairo F, Caputo B. Reporting delays of chikungunya cases during the 2017 outbreak in Lazio region, Italy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011610. [PMID: 37708121 PMCID: PMC10501639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging arboviral diseases in Europe pose a challenge due to difficulties in detecting and diagnosing cases during the initial circulation of the pathogen. Early outbreak detection enables public health authorities to take effective actions to reduce disease transmission. Quantification of the reporting delays of cases is vital to plan and assess surveillance and control strategies. Here, we provide estimates of reporting delays during an emerging arboviral outbreak and indications on how delays may have impacted onward transmission. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Using descriptive statistics and Kaplan-Meyer curves we analyzed case reporting delays (the period between the date of symptom onset and the date of notification to the public health authorities) during the 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreak. We further investigated the effect of outbreak detection on reporting delays by means of a Cox proportional hazard model. We estimated that the overall median reporting delay was 15.5 days, but this was reduced to 8 days after the notification of the first case. Cases with symptom onset after outbreak detection had about a 3.5 times higher reporting rate, however only 3.6% were notified within 24h from symptom onset. Remarkably, we found that 45.9% of identified cases developed symptoms before the detection of the outbreak. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that efforts should be undertaken to improve the early detection and identification of arboviral cases, as well as the management of vector species to mitigate the impact of long reporting delays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Manica
- Center for Health Emergencies, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
- Epilab-JRU, FEM-FBK Joint Research Unit, Trento, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
- Epilab-JRU, FEM-FBK Joint Research Unit, Trento, Italy
| | - Angelo Solimini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Università di Roma SAPIENZA, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Guzzetta
- Center for Health Emergencies, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy
- Epilab-JRU, FEM-FBK Joint Research Unit, Trento, Italy
| | - Piero Poletti
- Center for Health Emergencies, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy
- Epilab-JRU, FEM-FBK Joint Research Unit, Trento, Italy
| | - Paola Scognamiglio
- Regional Service for Surveillance and Control of Infectious Diseases (SERESMI)—Lazio Region, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”; IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Virgillito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Università di Roma SAPIENZA, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra della Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Università di Roma SAPIENZA, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Merler
- Center for Health Emergencies, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy
- Epilab-JRU, FEM-FBK Joint Research Unit, Trento, Italy
| | - Roberto Rosà
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Francesco Vairo
- Regional Service for Surveillance and Control of Infectious Diseases (SERESMI)—Lazio Region, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”; IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Beniamino Caputo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Università di Roma SAPIENZA, Rome, Italy
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Modahl CM, Chowdhury A, Low DHW, Manuel MC, Missé D, Kini RM, Mendenhall IH, Pompon J. Midgut transcriptomic responses to dengue and chikungunya viruses in the vectors Aedes albopictus and Aedes malayensis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11271. [PMID: 37438463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38354-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses are among the most preponderant arboviruses. Although primarily transmitted through the bite of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, Aedes albopictus and Aedes malayensis are competent vectors and have an impact on arbovirus epidemiology. Here, to fill the gap in our understanding of the molecular interactions between secondary vectors and arboviruses, we used transcriptomics to profile the whole-genome responses of A. albopictus to CHIKV and of A. malayensis to CHIKV and DENV at 1 and 4 days post-infection (dpi) in midguts. In A. albopictus, 1793 and 339 genes were significantly regulated by CHIKV at 1 and 4 dpi, respectively. In A. malayensis, 943 and 222 genes upon CHIKV infection, and 74 and 69 genes upon DENV infection were significantly regulated at 1 and 4 dpi, respectively. We reported 81 genes that were consistently differentially regulated in all the CHIKV-infected conditions, identifying a CHIKV-induced signature. We identified expressed immune genes in both mosquito species, using a de novo assembled midgut transcriptome for A. malayensis, and described the immune architectures. We found the JNK pathway activated in all conditions, generalizing its antiviral function to Aedines. Our comprehensive study provides insight into arbovirus transmission by multiple Aedes vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra M Modahl
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, U.K
| | - Avisha Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dolyce H W Low
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Menchie C Manuel
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dorothée Missé
- MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - R Manjunatha Kini
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ian H Mendenhall
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Julien Pompon
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
- MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
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11
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Jiang N, Chen L, Li J, Li W, Jiang S. Lethal and Sublethal Toxicity of Beta-Carboline Alkaloids from Peganum harmala (L.) against Aedes albopictus Larvae (Diptera: Culicidae). TOXICS 2023; 11:341. [PMID: 37112568 PMCID: PMC10143510 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived agents are powerful bio-pesticides for the eco-friendly control of mosquito vectors and other blood-sucking arthropods. The larval toxicity of beta-carboline alkaloids against the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), was investigated under laboratory conditions. The total alkaloid extracts (TAEs) and beta-carboline alkaloids (harmaline, harmine, harmalol, and harman) from Peganum harmala seeds were isolated and tested in this bioassay. All alkaloids were tested either individually or as binary mixtures, using the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) and Abbott's formula analysis. The results revealed considerable toxicity of the tested alkaloids against A. albopictus larvae. When all larval instars were exposed to the TAEs at 48 h post-treatment, the mortality of all larval instars varied in a concentration-dependent manner. The second-instar larvae were the most susceptible to different concentrations of TAEs, and the fourth-instar larvae were more tolerant to TAEs than the second-instar larvae. Especially, the third-instar larvae exposed to all alkaloids also showed that all doses resulted in an increased mortality of the third-instar larvae at 48 h post-treatment, and the toxicities of the tested alkaloids in a descending order were TAEs > harmaline > harmine > harmalol, with the LC50 values of 44.54 ± 2.56, 55.51 ± 3.01, 93.67 ± 4.53, and 117.87 ± 5.61 μg/mL at 48 h post-treatment, respectively. In addition, all compounds were also tested individually or in a 1:1 ratio (dose LC25/LC25) as binary mixtures to assess the synergistic toxicity of these binary combinations against the third-instar larvae at 24 and 48 h post-treatment, respectively. The results demonstrated that when tested as a binary mixture, all compounds (especially TAEs, harmaline, and harmine) showed their synergistic effects, exceeding the toxicity of each compound alone. Interestingly, the obtained data further revealed that the TAEs at sublethal doses (LC10 and LC25) could significantly delay the larval development and decrease the pupation and emergence rates of A. albopictus. This phenomenon could be helpful in order to develop more effective control strategies for different notorious vector mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
| | - Jinmei Li
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
| | - Wenyong Li
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
| | - Shuanglin Jiang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
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12
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Bueno-Marí R, Domínguez-Santos R, Trelis M, Garrote-Sánchez E, Cholvi M, Quero de Lera F, Khoubbane M, Marcilla A, Gil R. [ Wolbachia pipientis infections in populations of Aedes albopictus in the city of València (Spain): implications for mosquito control.]. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2023; 97:e202303017. [PMID: 36883556 PMCID: PMC10560531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The presence of Aedes albopictus, of high sanitary and social impact, was first reported in Valencia (Eastern Spain) in 2015. Innovative tools for its control include the use of the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis. The release of mosquito males infected with the wPip strain, has proven very promising for large-scale Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) applications. Before this strategy can be implemented in Valencia, it is important to know whether the natural local mosquito populations are Wolbachia-infected and, if so, identifying the infecting strains/supergroups, these being the objectives of the present work. METHODS Eggs were collected from the 19 districts of the València city between May and October 2019. A total of 50 lab-reared adult Ae. albopictus individuals were processed and analyzed for Wolbachia detection and molecular characterization. These actions took place within the framework of a collaboration established with the Department of Health and Consumer Affairs of the city council of Valencia. Fisher's exact test was used to detect the statistical significance of the differences between groups. RESULTS Our study revealed that 94% of the analyzed samples were naturally infected with Wolbachia. Both wAlbA and wAlbB supergroups were identified, with most samples (72% of the infected ones) carrying co-infections. CONCLUSIONS These data provide the first characterization of the Wolbachia presence in natural populations of Ae. albopictus in the Mediterranean area of Spain. This information is relevant to evaluate the potential use of Wolbachia strains in order to achieve the suppression of the Asian tiger mosquito populations through massive release of artificially-infected males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Bueno-Marí
- Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D), Laboratorios Lokímica. Paterna (València). España
- Área de Parasitología, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Universitat de València. Burjassot (València). España
| | - Rebeca Domínguez-Santos
- Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (I2SysBio), Universitat de València/CSIC. Paterna (València). España
| | - María Trelis
- Área de Parasitología, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Universitat de València. Burjassot (València). España
- Unidad Mixta de Endocrinología, Nutrición y Dietética Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe. València. España
| | - Emilio Garrote-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (I2SysBio), Universitat de València/CSIC. Paterna (València). España
| | - María Cholvi
- Área de Parasitología, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Universitat de València. Burjassot (València). España
| | | | - Messaoud Khoubbane
- Área de Parasitología, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Universitat de València. Burjassot (València). España
| | - Antonio Marcilla
- Área de Parasitología, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Universitat de València. Burjassot (València). España
- Unidad Mixta de Endocrinología, Nutrición y Dietética Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe. València. España
| | - Rosario Gil
- Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (I2SysBio), Universitat de València/CSIC. Paterna (València). España
- Área de Genómica y Salud, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Com. Valenciana (FISABIO). València. España
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13
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Jaffal A, Fite J, Baldet T, Delaunay P, Jourdain F, Mora-Castillo R, Olive MM, Roiz D. Current evidences of the efficacy of mosquito mass-trapping interventions to reduce Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus populations and Aedes-borne virus transmission. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011153. [PMID: 36877728 PMCID: PMC10032496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past decades, several viral diseases transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes-dengue, chikungunya, Zika-have spread outside of tropical areas. To limit the transmission of these viruses and preserve human health, the use of mosquito traps has been developed as a complement or alternative to other vector control techniques. The objective of this work was to perform a systematic review of the existing scientific literature to assess the efficacy of interventions based on adult mosquito trap to control Aedes population densities and the diseases they transmit worldwide. METHODS AND FINDINGS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic review was conducted using the PubMed and Scopus databases. Among the 19 selected papers, lethal ovitraps were used in 16 studies, host-seeking female traps in 3 studies. Furthermore, 16 studies focused on the control of Ae. aegypti. Our review showed great heterogeneity in the indicators used to assess trap efficacy: e.g., the number of host-seeking females, the number of gravid females, the proportion of positive containers, the viral infection rate in female mosquitoes or serological studies in residents. Regardless of the type of studied traps, the results of various studies support the efficacy of mass trapping in combination with classical integrated vector control in reducing Aedes density. More studies with standardized methodology, and indicators are urgently needed to provide more accurate estimates of their efficacy. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights gaps in the demonstration of the efficacy of mass trapping of mosquitoes in reducing viral transmission and disease. Thus, further large-scale cluster randomized controlled trials conducted in endemic areas and including epidemiological outcomes are needed to establish scientific evidence for the reduction of viral transmission risk by mass trapping targeting gravid and/or host-seeking female mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jaffal
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses), Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Johanna Fite
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses), Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Thierry Baldet
- ASTRE (Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques, Ecosystèmes), CIRAD, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Delaunay
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital L'Archet, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, UCA, Nice, France
| | - Frédéric Jourdain
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Montpellier, France
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Marie-Marie Olive
- ASTRE (Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques, Ecosystèmes), CIRAD, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - David Roiz
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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14
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Khatib AN. Climate Change and Travel: Harmonizing to Abate Impact. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2023; 25:77-85. [PMID: 36987459 PMCID: PMC9975868 DOI: 10.1007/s11908-023-00799-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review With climate change being the single biggest health threat facing humanity, this review aims to identify the climate-sensitive health risks to the traveler and to recognize the role that travel plays in contributing to the detrimental effects of climate change. With this understanding, adaptations for transformational action can be made. Recent Findings Travel and tourism, including transportation, food consumption, and accommodation, is responsible for a large percentage of the world’s carbon emissions which is contributing to the climate change crisis at an alarming rate. Climate change is a health emergency that is resulting in a rise of significant health impacts to the traveler including increased heat illnesses; food-, water-, and vector-borne diseases; and increasing risk of exposure to emerging infectious diseases. Patterns of future travel and destination choices are likely to change due to climactic factors such as temperature and extreme weather events, forced migration, degradation, and disappearance of popular and natural tourist destinations. Summary Global warming is and will continue to alter the landscape of travel medicine with expansion of transmission seasons and geographic ranges of disease, increased risk of infections and harmful marine toxins, and introduction of emerging infections to naïve populations. This will have implications for pre-travel counseling in assessing risk and discussing the environmental influences on travel. Travelers and stakeholders should be engaged in a dialogue to understand their “climate footprint,” to innovate sustainable solutions, and be empowered to make immediate, conscientious, and responsible choices to abate the impact of breaching critical temperature thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha N. Khatib
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
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15
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Camprubí-Ferrer D, Ramponi F, Balerdi-Sarasola L, Godoy A, Sicuri E, Muñoz J. Rapid diagnostic tests for dengue would reduce hospitalizations, healthcare costs and antibiotic prescriptions in Spain: A cost-effectiveness analysis. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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16
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ALLGOEWER KRISTINA. Determinants of public interest in emerging and re-emerging arboviral diseases in Europe: A spatio-temporal analysis of cross-sectional time series data. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E579-E597. [PMID: 36891003 PMCID: PMC9986980 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.4.2736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Climate change, the resulting geographical expansion of arthropod disease vectors, and increasing international mobility are contributing to the emergence of arboviral diseases in Europe. Public interest in vector-borne diseases and a subsequent gain of awareness and knowledge are essential to control outbreaks but had not yet been systematically assessed prior to this analysis. Methods Trends, patterns, and determinants of public interest in six emerging and re-emerging arboviral diseases were assessed in a spatio-temporal analysis of Google Trends data from 30 European countries between 2008 and 2020 while controlling for potential confounders. Results Only public interest in endemic arboviral diseases in Europe displays seasonal patterns and has been increasing since 2008, while no significant patterns or trends could be determined for public interest in non-endemic diseases. The main drivers for public interest in all six analysed arboviral diseases are reported case rates, and public interest drops rapidly as soon as cases decline. For Germany, the correlation of public interest and the geographical distribution of locally-acquired reported cases of endemic arboviral infections could be shown on a sub-country level. Conclusions The results of the analysis indicate that public interest in arboviral diseases in Europe is heavily impacted by perceived susceptibility on a temporal as well as on a spatial level. This result may be crucial for the design of future public health interventions to alert the public to the increasing risk of infection with arboviral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- KRISTINA ALLGOEWER
- Correspondence: Kristina Allgoewer, Universität Hamburg Faculty of Informatics, Mathematics & Natural Sciences, Welckerstr. 8, Room 6.12, D-20354 Hamburg, Germany. Tel.: +49 171 128 19 33 - E-mail:
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17
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Cochet A, Calba C, Jourdain F, Grard G, Durand GA, Guinard A, Noël H, Paty MC, Franke F. Autochthonous dengue in mainland France, 2022: geographical extension and incidence increase. Euro Surveill 2022; 27. [PMID: 36330819 PMCID: PMC9635021 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2022.27.44.2200818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
France faced an unusual situation of dengue transmission in 2022, with 65 autochthonous cases spread over nine transmission events by 21 October. This exceeded the number of cases observed during the entire period 2010 to 2021. Six of these events occurred in departments that had never experienced autochthonous dengue transmission. We provide an update of dengue surveillance data in mainland France in 2022. The multiplication of transmission events calls for continuous adaption of preparedness and response to arbovirus-related risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Cochet
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Montpellier, France
| | - Clémentine Calba
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Jourdain
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Montpellier, France
| | - Gilda Grard
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
- French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, National Reference Laboratory for Arboviruses, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume André Durand
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
- French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, National Reference Laboratory for Arboviruses, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Guinard
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Toulouse, France
| | - Harold Noël
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Marie-Claire Paty
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Florian Franke
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Marseille, France
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18
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Paige AS, Duvall LB. Vector biology: A mosquito's deadly kiss on the LIPS. Curr Biol 2022; 32:R874-R876. [PMID: 35998594 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
A new study identifies a mosquito salivary protein that directly binds to a cuticular partner during biting to reshape the mosquito mouthparts, stimulate salivation and probing, and enhance blood-feeding efficiency. By affecting mosquito-host interactions, this phenomenon could influence pathogen transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Paige
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura B Duvall
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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19
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Spatial Analysis of Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Europe: A Scoping Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14158975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne infections are increasing in endemic areas and previously unaffected regions. In 2020, the notification rate for Dengue was 0.5 cases per 100,000 population, and for Chikungunya <0.1/100,000. In 2019, the rate for Malaria was 1.3/100,000, and for West Nile Virus, 0.1/100,000. Spatial analysis is increasingly used in surveillance and epidemiological investigation, but reviews about their use in this research topic are scarce. We identify and describe the methodological approaches used to investigate the distribution and ecological determinants of mosquito-borne infections in Europe. Relevant literature was extracted from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception until October 2021 and analysed according to PRISMA-ScR protocol. We identified 110 studies. Most used geographical correlation analysis (n = 50), mainly applying generalised linear models, and the remaining used spatial cluster detection (n = 30) and disease mapping (n = 30), mainly conducted using frequentist approaches. The most studied infections were Dengue (n = 32), Malaria (n = 26), Chikungunya (n = 26), and West Nile Virus (n = 24), and the most studied ecological determinants were temperature (n = 39), precipitation (n = 24), water bodies (n = 14), and vegetation (n = 11). Results from this review may support public health programs for mosquito-borne disease prevention and may help guide future research, as we recommended various good practices for spatial epidemiological studies.
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20
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Arnoldi I, Mancini G, Fumagalli M, Gastaldi D, D'Andrea L, Bandi C, Di Venere M, Iadarola P, Forneris F, Gabrieli P. A salivary factor binds a cuticular protein and modulates biting by inducing morphological changes in the mosquito labrum. Curr Biol 2022; 32:3493-3504.e11. [PMID: 35835123 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The mosquito proboscis is an efficient microelectromechanical system, which allows the insect to feed on vertebrate blood quickly and painlessly. Its efficiency is further enhanced by the insect saliva, although through unclear mechanisms. Here, we describe the initial trigger of an unprecedented feedback signaling pathway in Aedes mosquitoes affecting feeding behavior. We identified LIPS proteins in the saliva of Aedes mosquitoes that promote feeding in the vertebrate skin. LIPS show a new all-helical protein fold constituted by two domains. The N-terminal domain interacts with a cuticular protein (Cp19) located at the tip of the mosquito labrum. Upon interaction, the morphology of the labral cuticle changes, and this modification is most likely sensed by proprioceptive neurons. Our study identifies an additional role of mosquito saliva and underlines that the external cuticle is a possible site of key molecular interactions affecting the insect biology and its vector competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Arnoldi
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Entopar lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Mancini
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Biochemistry Unit, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Dario Gastaldi
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics (LaBS), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering Giulio Natta, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca D'Andrea
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics (LaBS), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering Giulio Natta, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Claudio Bandi
- Entopar lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Di Venere
- Biochemistry Unit, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Iadarola
- Biochemistry Unit, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Forneris
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Paolo Gabrieli
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Entopar lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, Milan, Italy.
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Hernández-Triana LM, Folly AJ, Sewgobind S, Lean FZX, Ackroyd S, Nuñez A, Delacour S, Drago A, Visentin P, Mansfield KL, Johnson N. Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus to Japanese encephalitis virus. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:210. [PMID: 35710580 PMCID: PMC9204976 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the principal cause of mosquito-borne encephalitis in human populations within Asia. If introduced into new geographic areas, it could have further implications for public and animal health. However, potential mosquito vectors for virus transmission have not been fully investigated. The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, has emerged in Europe and is now expanding its geographical range into more northerly latitudes. Culex quinquefasciatus, although absent from Europe, has been detected in Turkey, a country with territory in Europe, and could act as a vector for JEV in other regions. To assess the risk of these invasive species acting as vectors for JEV and therefore potentially contributing to its geographical expansion, we have investigated the vector competence of Ae. albopictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus. METHODS Two colonised lines of Ae. albopictus (Italy and Spain) and a line of Cx. quinquefasciatus (Tanzania) were compared for susceptibility to infection by oral feeding with JEV strain SA-14, genotype III at 106 PFU/ml and maintained at 25 °C. Specimens were processed at 7 and 14 days post-inoculation (dpi). Rates of infection, dissemination and transmission were assessed through detection of viral RNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in mosquito body, legs and saliva, respectively, at each time point. Where possible, infection and dissemination were confirmed by immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of the JEV envelope protein. RESULTS Aedes albopictus from Italy showed no susceptibility to infection with JEV strain SA-14. Conversely, Ae. albopictus colonised in Spain was susceptible and 100% of infected mosquitoes that were subjected to saliva screening expressed viral RNA at 14 dpi. Culex quinquefasciatus was highly susceptible to infection as early as 7 dpi and 50% of infected mosquitoes that were subjected to saliva screening expressed viral RNA at 14 dpi. Infection and dissemination were confirmed in Cx. quinquefasciatus by IHC detection of JEV envelope protein in both the mid-gut and salivary glands. CONCLUSIONS Aedes albopictus from two different locations in Europe range from being susceptible to JEV and capable of transmission through to being resistant. Culex quinquefasciatus also appears highly susceptible; therefore, both species could potentially act as vectors for JEV and facilitate the emergence of JEV into new regions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arran J Folly
- Vector Borne Diseases, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | - Sanam Sewgobind
- Vector Borne Diseases, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | - Fabian Z X Lean
- Pathology and Animal Sciences Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | - Stuart Ackroyd
- Pathology and Animal Sciences Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | - Alejandro Nuñez
- Pathology and Animal Sciences Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | - Sarah Delacour
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Andrea Drago
- Entostudio SrL, Viale del Lavoro 66, Ponte San Nicolò, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Karen L Mansfield
- Vector Borne Diseases, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | - Nicholas Johnson
- Vector Borne Diseases, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
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22
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Mercier A, Obadia T, Carraretto D, Velo E, Gabiane G, Bino S, Vazeille M, Gasperi G, Dauga C, Malacrida AR, Reiter P, Failloux AB. Impact of temperature on dengue and chikungunya transmission by the mosquito Aedes albopictus. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6973. [PMID: 35484193 PMCID: PMC9051100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The mosquito Aedes albopictus is an invasive species first detected in Europe in Albania in 1979, and now established in 28 European countries. Temperature is a limiting factor in mosquito activities and in the transmission of associated arboviruses namely chikungunya (CHIKV) and dengue (DENV). Since 2007, local transmissions of CHIKV and DENV have been reported in mainland Europe, mainly in South Europe. Thus, the critical question is how far north transmission could occur. In this context, the Albanian infestation by Ae. albopictus is of interest because the species is present up to 1200 m of altitude; this allows using altitude as a proxy for latitude. Here we show that Ae. albopictus can transmit CHIKV at 28 °C as well as 20 °C, however, the transmission of DENV is only observed at 28 °C. We conclude that if temperature is the key environmental factor limiting transmission, then transmission of CHIKV, but not DENV is feasible in much of Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Mercier
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Insects and Infectious Diseases, 75015, Paris, France.,INSERM, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, IRD, U1094 Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Institut d'Epidémiologie Et de Neurologie Tropicale, GEIST, Limoges, France
| | - Thomas Obadia
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, 75015, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, G5 Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Davide Carraretto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Gaelle Gabiane
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, 75015, Paris, France
| | | | - Marie Vazeille
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Giuliano Gasperi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Catherine Dauga
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Anna R Malacrida
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paul Reiter
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Insects and Infectious Diseases, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Anna-Bella Failloux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, 75015, Paris, France.
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23
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Muja-Bajraktari N, Kadriaj P, Zhushi-Etemi F, Sherifi K, Alten B, Petrić D, Velo E, Schaffner F. The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in Kosovo: First record. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264300. [PMID: 35290988 PMCID: PMC8923454 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is an invasive mosquito species that is considered a potential vector of about 22 arboviruses, among which dengue, chikungunya and Zika. Here we report the first record of Aedes albopictus in the territory of the Republic of Kosovo. The first finding, in July 2020, was driven by a photo of an adult mosquito published by a citizen in social media. The subsequent field investigation in July 2020 confirmed the presence of adult mosquitoes by human landing catch and collection of eggs in ovitraps at the village Zhur. Monitoring was performed for 7 weeks with ovitraps and BG-Sentinel adult traps at 36 sampling stations from 7 localities, in the Southern part of Kosovo, on the border with Albania. Fifty-two out of 81 ovitrap samples resulted positive for the presence of Ae. albopictus. A total of 2,711 eggs are collected in 22 out 36 stations and a total of 78 adults from 4 out 4 stations with BG Sentinel trap and 15 adults with handled electric aspirator. Our finding shows that the tiger mosquito is expanding its geographical range in the Balkans, southeastern Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesade Muja-Bajraktari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University" Hasan Prishtina", Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo
| | - Përparim Kadriaj
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Ferdije Zhushi-Etemi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University" Hasan Prishtina", Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo
| | - Kurtesh Sherifi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University" Hasan Prishtina", Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo
| | - Bulent Alten
- VERG Laboratories, Ecology Division, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dusan Petrić
- Laboratory for Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Enkelejda Velo
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
- * E-mail:
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24
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Discovering disease-causing pathogens in resource-scarce Southeast Asia using a global metagenomic pathogen monitoring system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2115285119. [PMID: 35238677 PMCID: PMC8931249 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115285119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificanceMetagenomic pathogen sequencing offers an unbiased approach to characterizing febrile illness. In resource-scarce settings with high biodiversity, it is critical to identify disease-causing pathogens in order to understand burden and to prioritize efforts for control. Here, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) characterization of the pathogen landscape in Cambodia revealed diverse vector-borne and zoonotic pathogens irrespective of age and gender as risk factors. Identification of key pathogens led to changes in national program surveillance. This study is a "real world" example of the use of mNGS surveillance of febrile individuals, executed in-country, to identify outbreaks of vector-borne, zoonotic, and other emerging pathogens in a resource-scarce setting.
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25
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Jourdain F, de Valk H, Noël H, Paty MC, L’Ambert G, Franke F, Mouly D, Desenclos JC, Roche B. Estimating chikungunya virus transmission parameters and vector control effectiveness highlights key factors to mitigate arboviral disease outbreaks. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010244. [PMID: 35245304 PMCID: PMC8896662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Viruses transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes have greatly expanded their geographic range in recent decades. They are considered emerging public health threats throughout the world, including Europe. Therefore, public health authorities must be prepared by quantifying the potential magnitude of virus transmission and the effectiveness of interventions. Methodology We developed a mathematical model with a vector-host structure for chikungunya virus transmission and estimated model parameters from epidemiological data of the two main autochthonous chikungunya virus transmission events that occurred in Southern France, in Montpellier (2014) and in Le Cannet-des-Maures (2017). We then performed simulations of the model using these estimates to forecast the magnitude of the foci of transmission as a function of the response delay and the moment of virus introduction. Conclusions The results of the different simulations underline the relative importance of each variable and can be useful to stakeholders when designing context-based intervention strategies. The findings emphasize the importance of, and advocate for early detection of imported cases and timely biological confirmation of autochthonous cases to ensure timely vector control measures, supporting the implementation and the maintenance of sustainable surveillance systems. Dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses have expanded their geographic range during recent decades and are now considered emerging threats in temperate areas. In particular, autochthonous transmissions of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) have regularly been observed in Europe since 2010. The increase in international travel and trade appear to be major factors, encouraging both a circulation of these viruses on a global scale and the dispersion of one of their main vectors, Aedes albopictus. This trend is likely to increase significantly in the future and improved preparedness and response strategies are essential to manage these emerging risks. In this respect of decision support, we developed a mathematical model for CHIKV transmission. We first estimated key model parameters of CHIKV transmission and vector control effectiveness, using data from the two main CHIKV transmission events which have already occurred in mainland France. The model was then used to forecast the magnitude of outbreaks as a function of the delay in implementing control measures, and from the moment of virus introduction during the mosquito vector season. This work will help provide stakeholders in public health with a greater understanding of the dynamics of CHIKV transmission, and with evidence for the implementation of sustainable surveillance systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Jourdain
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Saint-Maurice, France
- MIVEGEC, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Henriette de Valk
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Harold Noël
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Marie-Claire Paty
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Grégory L’Ambert
- Entente interdépartementale pour la démoustication du littoral méditerranéen (EID Méditerranée), Montpellier, France
| | - Florian Franke
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), regional office Provence-Alpes-Côte-d’Azur-Corse, Marseille, France
| | - Damien Mouly
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), regional office Occitanie, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Benjamin Roche
- MIVEGEC, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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26
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Stephenson C, Coker E, Wisely S, Liang S, Dinglasan RR, Lednicky JA. Imported Dengue Case Numbers and Local Climatic Patterns Are Associated with Dengue Virus Transmission in Florida, USA. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13020163. [PMID: 35206736 PMCID: PMC8880009 DOI: 10.3390/insects13020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the main vector of dengue viruses globally and are present throughout much of the state of Florida (FL) in the United States of America. However, local transmission of dengue viruses in FL has mainly occurred in the southernmost counties; specifically Monroe and Miami-Dade counties. To get a better understanding of the ecologic risk factors for dengue fever incidence throughout FL, we collected and analyzed numerous environmental factors that have previously been connected to local dengue cases in disease-endemic regions. We analyzed these factors for each county-year in FL, between 2009–2019, using negative binomial regression. Monthly minimum temperature of 17.5–20.8 °C, an average temperature of 26.1–26.7 °C, a maximum temperature of 33.6–34.7 °C, rainfall between 11.4–12.7 cm, and increasing numbers of imported dengue cases were associated with the highest risk of dengue incidence per county-year. To our knowledge, we have developed the first predictive model for dengue fever incidence in FL counties and our findings provide critical information about weather conditions that could increase the risk for dengue outbreaks as well as the important contribution of imported dengue cases to local establishment of the virus in Ae. aegypti populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Stephenson
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (C.S.); (E.C.); (S.L.)
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Eric Coker
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (C.S.); (E.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Samantha Wisely
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Song Liang
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (C.S.); (E.C.); (S.L.)
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Rhoel R. Dinglasan
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - John A. Lednicky
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (C.S.); (E.C.); (S.L.)
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-352-273-9204
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27
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Barzon L, Gobbi F, Capelli G, Montarsi F, Martini S, Riccetti S, Sinigaglia A, Pacenti M, Pavan G, Rassu M, Padovan MT, Manfrin V, Zanella F, Russo F, Foglia F, Lazzarini L. Autochthonous dengue outbreak in Italy 2020: clinical, virological and entomological findings. J Travel Med 2021; 28:6354471. [PMID: 34409443 PMCID: PMC8499737 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taab130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In August 2020, in the context of COVID-19 pandemics, an autochthonous dengue outbreak was identified for the first time in Italy. METHODS Following the reporting of the index case of autochthonous dengue, epidemiological investigation, vector control and substances of human origin safety measures were immediately activated, according to the national arbovirus surveillance plan. Dengue cases were followed-up with weekly visits and laboratory tests until recovery and clearance of viral RNA from blood. RESULTS The primary dengue case was identified in a young woman, who developed fever after returning from Indonesia to northern Italy, on 27 July 2020. She spent the mandatory quarantine for COVID-19 at home with relatives, six of whom developed dengue within two weeks. Epidemiological investigation identified further five autochthonous dengue cases among people who lived or stayed near the residence of the primary case. The last case of the outbreak developed fever on 29 September 2020. Dengue cases had a mild febrile illness, except one with persistent asthenia and myalgia. DENV-1 RNA was detected in blood and/or urine in all autochthonous cases, up to 35 days after fever onset. All cases developed IgM and IgG antibodies which cross-reacted with West Nile virus (WNV) and other flaviviruses. Sequencing of the full viral genome from blood samples showed over 99% nucleotide identity with DENV-1 strains isolated in China in 2014-2015; phylogenetic analysis classified the virus within Genotype I. Entomological site inspection identified a high density of Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, which conceivably sustained local DENV-1 transmission. Aedes koreicus mosquitoes were also collected in the site. CONCLUSIONS Areas in Europe with high density of Aedes mosquitoes should be considered at risk for dengue transmission. The presence of endemic flaviviruses, such as WNV, might pose problems in the laboratory diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Barzon
- Veneto Region Arbovirosis Task Force, Dorsoduro, 3493 - Rio Nuovo - 30123 Venezia, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, via A. Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy.,Microbiology and Virology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Gobbi
- Veneto Region Arbovirosis Task Force, Dorsoduro, 3493 - Rio Nuovo - 30123 Venezia, Italy.,Department of Infectious/Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Luigi Rizzardi 4, 37024, Negrar di Valpolicella, Verona, Italy
| | - Gioia Capelli
- Veneto Region Arbovirosis Task Force, Dorsoduro, 3493 - Rio Nuovo - 30123 Venezia, Italy.,Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montarsi
- Veneto Region Arbovirosis Task Force, Dorsoduro, 3493 - Rio Nuovo - 30123 Venezia, Italy.,Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Simone Martini
- Veneto Region Arbovirosis Task Force, Dorsoduro, 3493 - Rio Nuovo - 30123 Venezia, Italy.,Entostudio s.r.l., Viale del Lavoro, 66, 35020 Ponte San Nicolò, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Riccetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, via A. Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sinigaglia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, via A. Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Monia Pacenti
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomina Pavan
- Department of Microbiology, St. Bortolo Hospital, Viale Ferdinando Rodolfi 37, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | - Mario Rassu
- Department of Microbiology, St. Bortolo Hospital, Viale Ferdinando Rodolfi 37, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Padovan
- Department of Public Health, Azienda AULSS8 Berica, Viale Ferdinando Rodolfi 37, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | - Vinicio Manfrin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Bortolo Hospital, Viale Ferdinando Rodolfi 37, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | - Francesca Zanella
- Veneto Region Arbovirosis Task Force, Dorsoduro, 3493 - Rio Nuovo - 30123 Venezia, Italy.,Direzione Prevenzione, Sicurezza Alimentare Veterinaria, Dorsoduro, 3493 - Rio Nuovo - 30123 Venice, Italy
| | - Francesca Russo
- Veneto Region Arbovirosis Task Force, Dorsoduro, 3493 - Rio Nuovo - 30123 Venezia, Italy.,Direzione Prevenzione, Sicurezza Alimentare Veterinaria, Dorsoduro, 3493 - Rio Nuovo - 30123 Venice, Italy
| | - Felice Foglia
- Department of Public Health, Azienda AULSS8 Berica, Viale Ferdinando Rodolfi 37, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | - Luca Lazzarini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Bortolo Hospital, Viale Ferdinando Rodolfi 37, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
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28
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González MA, Cevidanes A, Goiri F, Barandika JF, García-Pérez AL. Diversity and distribution of larval habitats of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in northern Spain: from urban to natural areas. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2021; 46:173-185. [PMID: 35230022 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.2.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Studies of the biodiversity of mosquito larval habitats are important for vector-borne disease control programs and help to improve vector distribution maps. This study was designed to investigate the geographical distribution of mosquito species and their larval habitats in urban, rural, and natural areas in northern Spain. Pre-imaginal stages were collected over two sampling periods (spring and summer) in 2019. In the laboratory, immature specimens were reared to the adult stage for species identification by morphological taxonomy and/or molecular methods. In total, 2,182 specimens belonging to 13 different native mosquito species of five genera were collected from 135 sampling points of which 59.2% harbored larvae. Culex pipiens s.l. was the most abundant species (45.1%), followed by Culex torrentium (12.3%), Anopheles maculipennis s.l. (10.2%), Culex hortensis (9.5%), and nine other species with lower frequencies that accounted for less than 25%. By molecular identification, An. maculipennis s.s. was identified as the only species within the An. maculipennis species complex and Cx. pipiens pipiens as the predominant subspecies of the Cx. pipiens species complex. Margins in large sunlit water bodies were the most suitable sites for An. maculipennis s.l., whereas Cx. pipiens s.l. was present in both natural and artificial habitats. The larval site index, species richness, and relative abundance of the mosquitoes were determined based on the characteristics of the sites where they were collected. The public health importance and ecology of some identified mosquitoes is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel A González
- Department of Animal Health. NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development. Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Aitor Cevidanes
- Department of Animal Health. NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development. Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fátima Goiri
- Department of Animal Health. NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development. Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jesús F Barandika
- Department of Animal Health. NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development. Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ana L García-Pérez
- Department of Animal Health. NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development. Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain,
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29
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Lefeuvre C, Apaire-Marchais V. Dengue, chikungunya et Zika, des arboviroses émergentes en France métropolitaine. ACTUALITES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actpha.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Bonifay T, Godaert L, Epelboin Y, Rousset D, Douine M, Hilderal H, Clavel C, Abel S, Najioullah F, Fagour L, do Socorro Mendonça Gomes M, Lacerda M, Cézaire R, Elenga N, Dramé M, Hoen B, Cabié A, Djossou F, Epelboin L. Contribution of Research in the West Indies and Northeast Amazonia to Knowledge of the 2014-2015 Chikungunya Epidemic in the Americas. CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2021; 8:164-172. [PMID: 34178576 PMCID: PMC8214063 DOI: 10.1007/s40475-021-00242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Although the chikungunya virus was discovered more than 60 years ago, it has only really been studied since the outbreak in La Reunion in 2005-2006. Ten years later, between 2014 and 2015, the chikungunya virus spread throughout the Americas, affecting millions of people. The objective of this review is to describe the contributions of research on chikungunya virus infection gained from epidemic in the West Indies and the Guiana Shield. Recent Findings Prevalence data were similar to those found in the Indian Ocean or Asia during epidemics. Clinically, there is now a better understanding of the typical, atypical, and severe forms. Several studies have insisted on the presence of neurological forms of chikungunya infection, such as encephalitis or Guillain-Barré syndrome. Cases of septic shock due to chikungunya virus as well as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura were described for the first time. Given the magnitude of the epidemic and the large number of people affected, this has led to a better description and new classifications of chikungunya virus infections in specific populations such as pregnant women, the elderly, and children. Several studies also described the behavior of populations faced with an emerging disease. Summary Current epidemiological data from tropical regions highlights the risk of spreading emerging diseases at higher latitudes, especially concerning arboviruses, since the vector Aedes albopictus is already established in many parts of northern countries. A better understanding of the disease and its epidemic dynamics will foster better management, the crucial importance of which was demonstrated during the COVID-19 epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothee Bonifay
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Lidvine Godaert
- Short-stay Unit, Department of Geriatrics, General Hospital of Valenciennes, Valenciennes, France
| | - Yanouk Epelboin
- Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, French Guiana, Cayenne, France
| | - Dominique Rousset
- Virology Laboratory, National Reference Center of Arboviruses, Pastor Institute of Guyana, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Maylis Douine
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Hélène Hilderal
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Cyril Clavel
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Centre Hospitalier Louis Constant Fleming, Saint-Martin, France
| | - Sylvie Abel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique France
| | - Fatiha Najioullah
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique France
| | - Laurence Fagour
- Virology Laboratory, University Hospital of Martinique, Fort de France, France
| | | | - Marcus Lacerda
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Viera Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Raymond Cézaire
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique France
| | - Narcisse Elenga
- Service de Médecine et Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Moustapha Dramé
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, University Hospital of Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique France
| | - Bruno Hoen
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Dermatologie, Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - André Cabié
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique France
| | - Félix Djossou
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Loïc Epelboin
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
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Abstract
The second World Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) Day was celebrated on 30 January 2021. To mark the occasion, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched its roadmap for NTDs for the period 2021 to 2030, which is aimed at increasing prevention and control of these too-long neglected diseases. Described here is a global overview on past achievements, current challenges, and future prospects for the WHO NTDs roadmap 2021–2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Casulli
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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32
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Abellana DP. Modelling the interdependent relationships among epidemic antecedents using fuzzy multiple attribute decision making (F-MADM) approaches. OPEN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/comp-2020-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
With the high incidence of the dengue epidemic in developing countries, it is crucial to understand its dynamics from a holistic perspective. This paper analyzes different types of antecedents from a cybernetics perspective using a structural modelling approach. The novelty of this paper is twofold. First, it analyzes antecedents that may be social, institutional, environmental, or economic in nature. Since this type of study has not been done in the context of the dengue epidemic modelling, this paper offers a fresh perspective on this topic. Second, the paper pioneers the use of fuzzy multiple attribute decision making (F-MADM) approaches for the modelling of epidemic antecedents. As such, the paper has provided an avenue for the cross-fertilization of knowledge between scholars working in soft computing and epidemiological modelling domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharyll Prince Abellana
- Department of Computer Science , University of the Philippines – Cebu , Cebu City , Cebu , Philippines
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33
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Da Re D, Montecino-Latorre D, Vanwambeke SO, Marcantonio M. Will the yellow fever mosquito colonise Europe? Assessing the re-introduction of Aedes aegypti using a process-based population dynamical model. ECOL INFORM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2020.101180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Vermeulen TD, Reimerink J, Reusken C, Giron S, de Vries PJ. Autochthonous dengue in two Dutch tourists visiting Département Var, southern France, July 2020. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 25. [PMID: 33006305 PMCID: PMC7531074 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020.25.39.2001670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We report dengue virus (DENV) infection in two Dutch tourists who visited Département Var, southern France, in July and August 2020. As some autochthonous dengue cases have occurred in Europe in recent years, awareness among physicians and public health experts about possible intermittent presence of DENV in southern Europe is important to minimise delay in diagnosis and treatment. Quick diagnosis can lead to timely action to contain the spread of vector-borne diseases and minimise transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johan Reimerink
- Centrum voor infectieziektenbestrijding, Rijks Instituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Chantal Reusken
- Centrum voor infectieziektenbestrijding, Rijks Instituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Giron
- Santé publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Marseille, France
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Abstract
The concurrent circulation of dengue and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may produce many unfavourable outcomes—such as co-infections; delays in diagnosis, treatment, and mitigation measures; overwhelming of the healthcare system; underreporting of cases; deterioration in surveillance and control interventions; and exacerbation of social inequalities. Indeed, lockdown is greatly compromising the effectiveness of vector control, especially social mobilization campaigns and preventive insecticide spraying in private spaces (indoor and peridomestic spraying). Thus, failure to appropriately implement the full range of vector control interventions can lead to a reduction in their overall effectiveness and an increasing risk of vector-borne diseases circulating. Consequently, the health community and policy makers should develop proactive policies and allocate adequate resources to prevent and manage the resurgence of dengue and other vector-borne diseases in the new era of COVID-19.
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