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Isola S, Gammeri L, Furci F, Gangemi S, Pioggia G, Allegra A. Vitamin C Supplementation in the Treatment of Autoimmune and Onco-Hematological Diseases: From Prophylaxis to Adjuvant Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7284. [PMID: 39000393 PMCID: PMC11241675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin introduced through the diet with anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and antioxidant activities. Today, this vitamin is integrated into the treatment of many inflammatory pathologies. However, there is increasing evidence of possible use in treating autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. We reviewed the literature to delve deeper into the rationale for using vitamin C in treating this type of pathology. There is much evidence in the literature regarding the beneficial effects of vitamin C supplementation for treating autoimmune diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and neoplasms, particularly hematological neoplastic diseases. Vitamin C integration regulates the cytokines microenvironment, modulates immune response to autoantigens and cancer cells, and regulates oxidative stress. Moreover, integration therapy has an enhanced effect on chemotherapies, ionizing radiation, and target therapy used in treating hematological neoplasm. In the future, integrative therapy will have an increasingly important role in preventing pathologies and as an adjuvant to standard treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Isola
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Policlinico “G. Martino”, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.I.); (S.G.)
| | - Luca Gammeri
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Policlinico “G. Martino”, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.I.); (S.G.)
| | - Fabiana Furci
- Provincial Healthcare Unit, Section of Allergy, 89900 Vibo Valentia, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Policlinico “G. Martino”, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.I.); (S.G.)
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy;
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2
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Mehta N, Pokharna P, Shetty SR. Unwinding the potentials of vitamin C in COVID-19 and other diseases: An updated review. Nutr Health 2023; 29:415-433. [PMID: 36445072 PMCID: PMC9713540 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221139628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: The discovery of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is related to the ancient history of persistent research on the origins of the haemorrhagic disease scurvy. Vitamin C is an important nutrient that aids in a variety of biological and physiological processes. Scientists have been researching the function of vitamin C in the prevention and ailment of sepsis and pneumonia for decades. This has created a potential platform for applying these results to individuals suffering from severe coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Vitamin C's ability to activate and enhance the immune system makes it a promising treatment in the present COVID-19 pandemic. Vitamin C also aids in the activation of vitamin B, the production of certain neurotransmitters, and the transformation of cholesterol into bile acids. Hence, vitamin C is used for the treatment of many diseases. Aim: This review highlights the Vitamin C investigations that are performed by various researchers on patients with COVID 19 infection, the clinical studies and their observations. The authors have additionally updated information on the significance of vitamin C insufficiency, as well as its relevance and involvement in diseases such as cancer, wound healing, iron deficiency anaemia, atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we discuss them with the references. Methods: The method used in order to perform literature search was done using SciFinder, PubMed and ScienceDirect. Results: There is a potential role of vitamin C in various diseases including neurodegenerative disorders, COVID-19 and other diseases and the results are highlighted in the review with the help of clinical and preclinical data. Conclusion: More research on vitamin C and the undergoing clinical trials might prove a potential role of vitamin C in protecting the population from current COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS. Mumbai, India
| | - Purvi Pokharna
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS. Mumbai, India
| | - Saritha R Shetty
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS. Mumbai, India
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3
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Jang SY, Kim J, Hong E, Lee K, Na Y, Yeom CH, Park S. Curcumin inhibits human cancer cell growth and migration through downregulation of SVCT2. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:696-703. [PMID: 37322603 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that is extracted from the rhizomes of the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa), a member of the ginger family. It has been used for centuries in traditional Indian and Chinese medicine for its medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor effects. SVCT2 (Solute Carrier Family 23 Member 2, also known as SLC23A2) is a protein that plays a role in the transport of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) into cells. SVCT2 plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis, however, the molecular mechanisms of curcumin on SVCT2 have not been studied to date. Curcumin treatment inhibited proliferation and migration of cancer cells in a dose dependent manner. We found that curcumin reduced the expression of SVCT2 in cancer cells with a wild type p53, but not in those with a mutant type of p53. SVCT2 downregulation also reduced the MMP2 activity. Taken together, our results indicate that curcumin inhibited human cancer cell growth and migration by regulating SVCT2 through a downregulating p53. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of curcumin's anticancer effects and potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of metastatic migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Young Jang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
- Rappeler Company, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jiyun Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunbi Hong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyuri Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yuran Na
- Rappeler Company, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | | | - Seyeon Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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4
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Kalali D. The Role of the Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Gene in Tumor Development and Metastasis: A Narrative Review. Glob Med Genet 2023; 10:48-53. [PMID: 37077369 PMCID: PMC10110361 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is one of the widely studied enzymes of the extracellular matrix which can degrade various matrix biomolecules. The gene coding for this enzyme has been found to be associated with various multifactorial diseases, including cancer. More specifically, the expression of MMP-9 and polymorphisms of its gene have been found to be correlated with the formation and the invasiveness of different types of cancer. Hence, the latter gene can potentially be used both as a clinical genetic marker and a possible target in anticancer therapy. The present minireview explores the role of the MMP-9 gene in the process of tumor formation, growth, and metastasis and presents an overview of the polymorphisms of the gene associated with cancer as well as its regulation mechanisms, to provide an insight into the potential clinical applications. Nevertheless, further clinical trials and research are still required to reach more valuable conclusions for the clinical implications of the recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datis Kalali
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Address for correspondence Datis Kalali Medical School, University of CyprusNicosiaCyprus
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5
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Leischner C, Marongiu L, Piotrowsky A, Niessner H, Venturelli S, Burkard M, Renner O. Relevant Membrane Transport Proteins as Possible Gatekeepers for Effective Pharmacological Ascorbate Treatment in Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040916. [PMID: 37107291 PMCID: PMC10135768 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing number of newly diagnosed malignancies worldwide, therapeutic options for some tumor diseases are unfortunately still limited. Interestingly, preclinical but also some clinical data suggest that the administration of pharmacological ascorbate seems to respond well, especially in some aggressively growing tumor entities. The membrane transport and channel proteins are highly relevant for the use of pharmacological ascorbate in cancer therapy and are involved in the transfer of active substances such as ascorbate, hydrogen peroxide, and iron that predominantly must enter malignant cells to induce antiproliferative effects and especially ferroptosis. In this review, the relevant conveying proteins from cellular surfaces are presented as an integral part of the efficacy of pharmacological ascorbate, considering the already known genetic and functional features in tumor tissues. Accordingly, candidates for diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Leischner
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Luigi Marongiu
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tuebingen, Otfried-Mueller-Straße 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alban Piotrowsky
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Heike Niessner
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, University of Tuebingen, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sascha Venturelli
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Vegetative and Clinical Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Markus Burkard
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Olga Renner
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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6
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Zhang Y, Day K, Absher DM. STAT3-mediated allelic imbalance of novel genetic variant Rs1047643 and B-cell-specific super-enhancer in association with systemic lupus erythematosus. eLife 2022; 11:72837. [PMID: 35188103 PMCID: PMC8884724 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mapping of allelic imbalance (AI) at heterozygous loci has the potential to establish links between genetic risk for disease and biological function. Leveraging multi-omics data for AI analysis and functional annotation, we discovered a novel functional risk variant rs1047643 at 8p23 in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This variant displays dynamic AI of chromatin accessibility and allelic expression on FDFT1 gene in B cells with SLE. We further found a B-cell restricted super-enhancer (SE) that physically contacts with this SNP-residing locus, an interaction that also appears specifically in B cells. Quantitative analysis of chromatin accessibility and DNA methylation profiles further demonstrated that the SE exhibits aberrant activity in B cell development with SLE. Functional studies identified that STAT3, a master factor associated with autoimmune diseases, directly regulates both the AI of risk variant and the activity of SE in cultured B cells. Our study reveals that STAT3-mediated SE activity and cis-regulatory effects of SNP rs1047643 at 8p23 locus are associated with B cell deregulation in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Zhang
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, United States
| | | | - Devin M Absher
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, United States
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7
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Park SS, Ryu YS, Koh DI, Hong SW, Moon JH, Shin JS, Kim MJ, Kim DY, Hong JK, Kim EH, Jeong HR, Park YS, Kim J, Kim DM, Yun H, Shin JY, Jin DH. Mutation SVCT2 promotes cell proliferation, invasion and migration in colorectal cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:5385-5393. [PMID: 34405001 PMCID: PMC8364649 DOI: 10.7150/jca.57463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 2 (SVCT2) surface glycoprotein regulates ascorbate accumulation in the plasma, often resulting in the induction of cancer cell death. Therefore, high expression of this gene associates with increased overall survival in several cancers. However, in colorectal cancer (CRC), high (likely mutated) SVCT2 expression relates to poor overall survival, and its functional significance has not been studied. Thus, we hypothesize that mutant SVCT2 expression could affect CRC patient survival. According to biological databases, SVCT2 has been found to be mutated frequently, and SVCT2 E264K has a particularly high pathogenic score (0.98), compared to other SVCT2 mutant sites, in CRC patients. Interestingly, our results reveal expression of SVCT2 E264K in many CRC tissues and cells. Also, we found wild-type SVCT2 expression to be largely localized to the cytoplasm and membrane, while SVCT2 E264K was restricted to the cytoplasm. We further found that SVCT2 E264K overexpression increases cell growth. By contrast, SVCT2 E264K knockdown significantly reduced cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis, resulting in inhibition of cell invasion and migration. Taken together, SVCT2 E264K plays a critical role in proliferation in CRC. Our results suggest that SVCT2 E264K could be a promising novel therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Soo Park
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Seong Ryu
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-In Koh
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Hong
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jai-Hee Moon
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sik Shin
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jin Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yeon Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ki Hong
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ho Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Rae Jeong
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Sun Park
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Min Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseon Yun
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Shin
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Jin
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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8
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Vitamin C-Sources, Physiological Role, Kinetics, Deficiency, Use, Toxicity, and Determination. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020615. [PMID: 33668681 PMCID: PMC7918462 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) has been known as an antioxidant for most people. However, its physiological role is much larger and encompasses very different processes ranging from facilitation of iron absorption through involvement in hormones and carnitine synthesis for important roles in epigenetic processes. Contrarily, high doses act as a pro-oxidant than an anti-oxidant. This may also be the reason why plasma levels are meticulously regulated on the level of absorption and excretion in the kidney. Interestingly, most cells contain vitamin C in millimolar concentrations, which is much higher than its plasma concentrations, and compared to other vitamins. The role of vitamin C is well demonstrated by miscellaneous symptoms of its absence—scurvy. The only clinically well-documented indication for vitamin C is scurvy. The effects of vitamin C administration on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infections are rather minor or even debatable in the general population. Vitamin C is relatively safe, but caution should be given to the administration of high doses, which can cause overt side effects in some susceptible patients (e.g., oxalate renal stones). Lastly, analytical methods for its determination with advantages and pitfalls are also discussed in this review.
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9
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Vitamin C Transporters and Their Implications in Carcinogenesis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123869. [PMID: 33352824 PMCID: PMC7765979 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C is implicated in various bodily functions due to its unique properties in redox homeostasis. Moreover, vitamin C also plays a great role in restoring the activity of 2-oxoglutarate and Fe2+ dependent dioxygenases (2-OGDD), which are involved in active DNA demethylation (TET proteins), the demethylation of histones, and hypoxia processes. Therefore, vitamin C may be engaged in the regulation of gene expression or in a hypoxic state. Hence, vitamin C has acquired great interest for its plausible effects on cancer treatment. Since its conceptualization, the role of vitamin C in cancer therapy has been a controversial and disputed issue. Vitamin C is transferred to the cells with sodium dependent transporters (SVCTs) and glucose transporters (GLUT). However, it is unknown whether the impaired function of these transporters may lead to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Notably, previous studies have identified SVCTs’ polymorphisms or their altered expression in some types of cancer. This review discusses the potential effects of vitamin C and the impaired SVCT function in cancers. The variations in vitamin C transporter genes may regulate the active transport of vitamin C, and therefore have an impact on cancer risk, but further studies are needed to thoroughly elucidate their involvement in cancer biology.
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10
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DNA Mismatch Repair Gene Variants in Sporadic Solid Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155561. [PMID: 32756484 PMCID: PMC7432688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the development of sporadic solid cancers are still scarce. The aim of this review was to summarise and analyse published data on the associations between SNPs in mismatch repair genes and various cancers. The mismatch repair system plays a unique role in the control of the genetic integrity and it is often inactivated (germline and somatic mutations and hypermethylation) in cancer patients. Here, we focused on germline variants in mismatch repair genes and found the outcomes rather controversial: some SNPs are sometimes ascribed as protective, while other studies reported their pathological effects. Regarding the complexity of cancer as one disease, we attempted to ascertain if particular polymorphisms exert the effect in the same direction in the development and treatment of different malignancies, although it is still not straightforward to conclude whether polymorphisms always play a clear positive role or a negative one. Most recent and robust genome-wide studies suggest that risk of cancer is modulated by variants in mismatch repair genes, for example in colorectal cancer. Our study shows that rs1800734 in MLH1 or rs2303428 in MSH2 may influence the development of different malignancies. The lack of functional studies on many DNA mismatch repair SNPs as well as their interactions are not explored yet. Notably, the concerted action of more variants in one individual may be protective or harmful. Further, complex interactions of DNA mismatch repair variations with both the environment and microenvironment in the cancer pathogenesis will deserve further attention.
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11
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Mattila M, Erlund I, Lee HS, Niinistö S, Uusitalo U, Andrén Aronsson C, Hummel S, Parikh H, Rich SS, Hagopian W, Toppari J, Lernmark Å, Ziegler AG, Rewers M, Krischer JP, Norris JM, Virtanen SM. Plasma ascorbic acid and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: the TEDDY study. Diabetologia 2020; 63:278-286. [PMID: 31728565 PMCID: PMC6946743 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-05028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We studied the association of plasma ascorbic acid with the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes and examined whether SNPs in vitamin C transport genes modify these associations. Furthermore, we aimed to determine whether the SNPs themselves are associated with the risk of islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes. METHODS We used a risk set sampled nested case-control design within an ongoing international multicentre observational study: The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY). The TEDDY study followed children with increased genetic risk from birth to endpoints of islet autoantibodies (350 cases, 974 controls) and type 1 diabetes (102 cases, 282 controls) in six clinical centres. Control participants were matched for family history of type 1 diabetes, clinical centre and sex. Plasma ascorbic acid concentration was measured at ages 6 and 12 months and then annually up to age 6 years. SNPs in vitamin C transport genes were genotyped using the ImmunoChip custom microarray. Comparisons were adjusted for HLA genotypes and for background population stratification. RESULTS Childhood plasma ascorbic acid (mean ± SD 10.76 ± 3.54 mg/l in controls) was inversely associated with islet autoimmunity risk (adjusted OR 0.96 [95% CI 0.92, 0.99] per +1 mg/l), particularly islet autoimmunity, starting with insulin autoantibodies (OR 0.94 [95% CI 0.88, 0.99]), but not with type 1 diabetes risk (OR 0.93 [95% Cl 0.86, 1.02]). The SLC2A2 rs5400 SNP was associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes (OR 1.77 [95% CI 1.12, 2.80]), independent of plasma ascorbic acid (OR 0.92 [95% CI 0.84, 1.00]). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Higher plasma ascorbic acid levels may protect against islet autoimmunity in children genetically at risk for type 1 diabetes. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings. DATA AVAILABILITY The datasets generated and analysed during the current study will be made available in the NIDDK Central Repository at https://www.niddkrepository.org/studies/teddy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Mattila
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Iris Erlund
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Government Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hye-Seung Lee
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sari Niinistö
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulla Uusitalo
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Sandra Hummel
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Forschergruppe Diabetes, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V., Helmhtoltz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hemang Parikh
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Jorma Toppari
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Åke Lernmark
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anette G Ziegler
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Forschergruppe Diabetes, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V., Helmhtoltz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marian Rewers
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jeffrey P Krischer
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Suvi M Virtanen
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland.
- Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
- Science Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
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12
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Gebreslasie AT, Faggad A, Zaki HY, Abdalla BE. Association of ESR1 polymorphisms (rs3020314 and rs1514348) with breast cancer in Sudanese women. A pilot study. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Singh HO, Marathe SD, Nain S, Samani D, Nema V, Ghate MV, Gangakhedkar RR. Promoter polymorphism MMP-1 (-1607 2G/1G) and MMP-3 (-1612 5A/6A) in development of HAND and modulation of pathogenesis of HAND. J Biosci 2018; 42:481-490. [PMID: 29358561 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-017-9694-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is modulated by host genetic susceptibility factors such as Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Promoter polymorphism of MMP-1 and MMP-3 may modify the expression of the gene. Hence, we evaluated the association of MMP-1-16072G/1G and MMP-3-1612 5A/6A polymorphisms with development of HAND and the modulation of pathogenesis of HAND. We enrolled a total of 180 individuals, 50 HIVinfected individuals with HAND, 130 without HAND, and 150 healthy controls. Polymorphism of MMP-1 and MMP-3 were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. MMP-1-1607 2G1G, -16071G/2G-1G/1G genotypes and -1607 1G allele were associated with the development of HAND (OR = 1.64, P = 0.05; OR = 1.45, P = 0.04; OR = 1.69, P = 0.05). MMP-1- 16071G1G, MMP-3-16125A5A genotypes increased the risk for the development of HAND (OR = 1.78, P = 0.25; OR = 2.39, P = 0.13). MMP-3-1612 5A5A, -1612 6A/5A-5A/5A genotypes and -1612 5A allele were associated with the reduced risk of HAND (OR = 0.40, P = 0.05; OR = 0.53, P = 0.04; OR = 0.40, P = 0.01). Haplotype 5A1G increased the risk of development of HAND (OR = 1.93, P = 0.05). As observed in advanced HIV disease stage, MMP-1-1607 1G1G genotype enhance the risk for advancement of HIV disease (OR = 1.69, P = 0.89). MMP-3-1612 6A5A genotype showed higher risk for development of HAND in alcohol users (0R = 1.65, P = 0.44). MMP-1 genotype may have an influence on development of HAND whereas MMP3-1612 5A5A genotype may reduce risk for pathogenesis of HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Om Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411 026, India, ,
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14
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Eck P. Nutrigenomics of vitamin C absorption and transport. Curr Opin Food Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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15
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Vitamin C preferentially kills cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma via SVCT-2. NPJ Precis Oncol 2018; 2:1. [PMID: 29872720 PMCID: PMC5871898 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-017-0044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid, ascorbate, VC) is a potential chemotherapeutic agent for cancer patients. However, the anti-tumor effects of pharmacologic VC on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) remain to be fully elucidated. Panels of human HCC cell lines as well as HCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models were employed to investigate the anti-tumor effects of pharmacologic VC. The use of VC and the risk of HCC recurrence were examined retrospectively in 613 HCC patients who received curative liver resection as their initial treatment. In vitro and in vivo experiments further demonstrated that clinically achievable concentrations of VC induced cell death in liver cancer cells and the response to VC was correlated with sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 2 (SVCT-2) expressions. Mechanistically, VC uptake via SVCT-2 increased intracellular ROS, and subsequently caused DNA damage and ATP depletion, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Most importantly, SVCT-2 was highly expressed in liver CSCs, which promoted their self-renewal and rendered them more sensitive to VC. In HCC cell lines xenograft models, as well as in PDX models, VC dramatically impaired tumor growth and eradicated liver CSCs. Finally, retrospective cohort study showed that intravenous VC use was linked to improved disease-free survival (DFS) in HCC patients (adjusted HR = 0.622, 95% CI 0.487 to 0.795, p < 0.001). Our data highlight that pharmacologic VC can effectively kill liver cancer cells and preferentially eradicate liver CSCs, which provide further evidence supporting VC as a novel therapeutic strategy for HCC treatment. Pharmacologic doses of vitamin C preferentially eradicate liver cancer stem cells and are associated with improved outcomes in patients. A team led by Hong-Yang Wang and Wen Yang from the Second Military Medical University in Shanghai, China, showed that clinically achievable concentrations of vitamin C effectively killed liver cancer cells and preferentially eradicated cancer stem cells in culture and in mouse transplant models. Cells with higher expression levels of a vitamin C transporter protein were more susceptible to the treatment, which explains why cancer stem cells, which highly express this transportor and use it for their own self-renewal, were especially sensitive to take in vitamin C, which led to a cascade that resulted in DNA damage, energy depletion, and ultimately cell death. A retrospective analysis of 613 patients with liver cancer showed that those who received intravenous vitamin C lived longer without disease relapse.
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16
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Abstract
Vitamin C is essential to prevent scurvy in humans and is implicated in the primary prevention of common and complex diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer. This chapter reviews the latest knowledge about dietary vitamin C in human health with an emphasis on studies of the molecular mechanisms of vitamin C maintenance as well as gene-nutrient interactions modifying these relationships. Epidemiological evidence indicates 5% prevalence for vitamin C deficiency and 13% prevalence for suboptimal status even in industrialized countries. The daily intake (dose) and the corresponding systemic concentrations (response) are related in a saturable relationship, and low systemic vitamin C concentrations in observational studies are associated with negative health outcomes. However, there is no evidence that vitamin C supplementation impacts the risks for all-cause mortality, impaired cognitive performance, reduced quality of life, the development of eye diseases, infections, cardiovascular disease, and cancers. This might be related to the fact that prevention would not be realized by supplementation in populations already adequately supplied through dietary sources. Recent genetic association studies indicate that the dietary intake might not be the sole determinant of systemic concentrations, since variations in genes participating in redox homeostasis and vitamin C transport had been associated with lowered plasma concentrations. However, impact sizes are generally low and these phenomena might only affect individual of suboptimal dietary supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Granger
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Peter Eck
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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17
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Gillberg L, Ørskov AD, Liu M, Harsløf LBS, Jones PA, Grønbæk K. Vitamin C - A new player in regulation of the cancer epigenome. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 51:59-67. [PMID: 29102482 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years it has become clear that vitamin C, as a provider of reduced iron, is an essential factor for the function of epigenetic regulators that initiate the demethylation of DNA and histones. Vitamin C deficiency is rare in the general population, but is frequently observed in patients with cancer. Genes encoding epigenetic regulators are often mutated in cancer, underscoring their central roles in carcinogenesis. In hematological cancers, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), drugs that reverse epigenetic aberrations are now the standard of care. Recent in vitro studies suggest that vitamin C at physiological concentrations, combined with hypomethylating agents may act synergistically to cause DNA demethylation through active and passive mechanisms, respectively. Additionally, several recent studies have renewed interest in the use of pharmacological doses of vitamin C injected intravenously to selectively kill tumor cells. This review will focus on the potential of vitamin C to optimize the outcome of epigenetic therapy in cancer patients and alternatively to act as a therapeutic at high doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Gillberg
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas D Ørskov
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Minmin Liu
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Laurine B S Harsløf
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kirsten Grønbæk
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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18
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Wohlrab C, Phillips E, Dachs GU. Vitamin C Transporters in Cancer: Current Understanding and Gaps in Knowledge. Front Oncol 2017; 7:74. [PMID: 28484682 PMCID: PMC5402541 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sufficient uptake and whole body distribution of vitamin C (ascorbate) is essential for many biochemical processes, including some that are vital for tumor growth and spread. Uptake of ascorbate into cancer cells is modulated by availability, tumor blood flow, tissue diffusion parameters, and ascorbate transport proteins. Uptake into cells is mediated by two families of transport proteins, namely, the solute carrier gene family 23, consisting of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters (SVCTs) 1 and 2, and the SLC2 family of glucose transporters (GLUTs). GLUTs transport the oxidized form of the vitamin, dehydroascorbate (DHA), which is present at negligible to low physiological levels. SVCT1 and 2 are capable of accumulating ascorbate against a concentration gradient from micromolar concentrations outside to millimolar levels inside of cells. Investigating the expression and regulation of SVCTs in cancer has only recently started to be included in studies focused on the role of ascorbate in tumor formation, progression, and response to therapy. This review gives an overview of the current, limited knowledge of ascorbate transport across membranes, as well as tissue distribution, gene expression, and the relevance of SVCTs in cancer. As tumor ascorbate accumulation may play a role in the anticancer activity of high dose ascorbate treatment, further research into ascorbate transport in cancer tissue is vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Wohlrab
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Elisabeth Phillips
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Gabi U Dachs
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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19
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Riby J, Mobley J, Zhang J, Bracci PM, Skibola CF. Serum protein profiling in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:1113-1121. [PMID: 27557634 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201600074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this pilot study was to conduct a nontargeted exploratory proteomics profiling analysis on sera obtained from patients diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with the goal of identifying disease-specific biomarkers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Sera from 87 participants (57 chemotherapy-naïve diffuse DLBCL patients, 30 controls frequency-matched by age group and World Health Organization (WHO) BMI categories) that were part of a large San Francisco Bay Area case-control study of non-Hodgkin lymphoma were analyzed by liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Thirty-five proteins (p-adjusted <0.05) were identified as differentially abundant between the DLBCL patients at various disease stages as compared to the controls. Of these, five proteins were randomly selected for further confirmation by ELISA: adiponectin (AdipoQ), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), heparin sulfate proteoglycan core protein (HSPG2), extracellular matrix 1 (ECM1), and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT). These proteins were statistically significantly elevated by 68.8, 37.0, 61.6, 68.0, and 32.0%, respectively, in DLBCL patient sera as compared to controls. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These preliminary data when combined with other cancer-related data regarding these proteins warrant continued research in clinical and large prospective studies to clarify the role for these biomarkers in DLBCL pathogenesis and/or prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Riby
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James Mobley
- Department of Epidemiology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Paige M Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christine F Skibola
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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20
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Campbell EJ, Vissers MC, Dachs GU. Ascorbate availability affects tumor implantation-take rate and increases tumor rejection in Gulo -/- mice. HYPOXIA 2016; 4:41-52. [PMID: 27800507 PMCID: PMC5085285 DOI: 10.2147/hp.s103088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In solid tumors, HIF1 upregulates the expression of hundreds of genes involved in cell survival, tumor growth, and adaptation to the hypoxic microenvironment. HIF1 stabilization and activity are suppressed by prolyl and asparagine hydroxylases, which require oxygen as a substrate and ascorbate as a cofactor. This has led us to hypothesize that intracellular ascorbate availability could modify the hypoxic HIF1 response and influence tumor growth. In this study, we investigated the effect of variable intracellular ascorbate levels on HIF1 induction in cancer cells in vitro, and on tumor-take rate and growth in the Gulo-/- mouse. These mice depend on dietary ascorbate, and were supplemented with 3,300 mg/L, 330 mg/L, or 33 mg/L ascorbate in their drinking water, resulting in saturating, medium, or low plasma and tissue ascorbate levels, respectively. In Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LL/2) in culture, optimal ascorbate supplementation reduced HIF1 accumulation under physiological but not pathological hypoxia. LL/2, B16-F10 melanoma, or CMT-93 colorectal cancer cells were implanted subcutaneously into Gulo-/- mice at a range of cell inocula. Establishment of B16-F10 tumors in mice supplemented with 3,300 mg/L ascorbate required an increased number of cancer cells to initiate tumor growth compared with the number of cells required in mice on suboptimal ascorbate intake. Elevated ascorbate intake was also associated with decreased tumor ascorbate levels and a reduction in HIF1α expression and transcriptional activity. Following initial growth, all CMT-93 tumors regressed spontaneously, but mice supplemented with 33 mg/L ascorbate had lower plasma ascorbate levels and grew larger tumors than optimally supplemented mice. The data from this study indicate that improved ascorbate intake is consistent with increased intracellular ascorbate levels, reduced HIF1 activity and reduced tumor initiation and growth, and this may be advantageous in the management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margreet Cm Vissers
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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21
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Camarena V, Wang G. The epigenetic role of vitamin C in health and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1645-58. [PMID: 26846695 PMCID: PMC4805483 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances have uncovered a previously unknown function of vitamin C in epigenetic regulation. Vitamin C exists predominantly as an ascorbate anion under physiological pH conditions. Ascorbate was discovered as a cofactor for methylcytosine dioxygenases that are responsible for DNA demethylation, and also as a likely cofactor for some JmjC domain-containing histone demethylases that catalyze histone demethylation. Variation in ascorbate bioavailability thus can influence the demethylation of both DNA and histone, further leading to different phenotypic presentations. Ascorbate deficiency can be presented systematically, spatially and temporally in different tissues at the different stages of development and aging. Here, we review how ascorbate deficiency could potentially be involved in embryonic and postnatal development, and plays a role in various diseases such as neurodegeneration and cancer through epigenetic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Camarena
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, Rm. 608, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Gaofeng Wang
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, Rm. 608, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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22
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Shaghaghi MA, Kloss O, Eck P. Genetic Variation in Human Vitamin C Transporter Genes in Common Complex Diseases. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:287-98. [PMID: 26980812 PMCID: PMC4785466 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.009225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate plasma, cellular, and tissue vitamin C concentrations are required for maintaining optimal health through suppression of oxidative stress and optimizing functions of certain enzymes that require vitamin C as a cofactor. Polymorphisms in the vitamin C transporter genes, compromising genes encoding sodium-dependent ascorbate transport proteins, and also genes encoding facilitative transporters of dehydroascorbic acid, are associated with plasma and tissue cellular ascorbate status and hence cellular redox balance. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the links between variations in vitamin C transporter genes and common chronic diseases. We conclude that emerging genetic knowledge has a good likelihood of defining future personalized dietary recommendations and interventions; however, further validations through biological studies as well as controlled dietary trials are required to identify predictive and actionable genetic biomarkers. We further advocate the need to consider genetic variation of vitamin C transporters in future clinical and epidemiologic studies on common complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Eck
- Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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23
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Casabonne D, Gracia E, Espinosa A, Bustamante M, Benavente Y, Robles C, Costas L, Alonso E, Gonzalez-Barca E, Tardón A, Dierssen-Sotos T, Vázquez EG, Aymerich M, Campo E, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Marcos-Gragera R, Castaño-Vinyals G, Aragones N, Pollan M, Kogevinas M, Urtiaga C, Amiano P, Moreno V, de Sanjose S. Fruit and vegetable intake and vitamin C transporter gene (SLC23A2) polymorphisms in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:1123-1133. [PMID: 26838684 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is currently no convincing epidemiological evidence that fruit and vegetable consumption, the primary source of vitamin C, plays a role in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) aetiology. We hypothesized that variations in vitamin C dietary intake as well as in genetic variability in vitamin C transporter gene SLC23A2 could explain some inconsistencies in the literature. METHODS Fruit/vegetable/vitamin C consumption from food frequency questionnaires and six low-penetrance genetic susceptibility polymorphisms in vitamin C transporter gene SLC23A2 (rs1715364, rs6133175, rs1776948, rs6139587, rs369270 and rs6052937) were examined in 434 CLL cases and 1257 randomly selected controls from primary care centres with genetic data of whom 275 cases and 1094 controls having both diet and genetic information. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS CLL patients were more likely to have a higher fruit consumption than controls (highest versus lowest quartile in g/day OR: 1.48; 95 % CI: 1.00 to 2.18; P = 0.03), whereas no associations were found with vegetable or total vitamin C intake. Based on log-additive models, rs6133175_A > G (OR: 1.19, 95 % CI: 1.00 to 1.41; P = 0.05) and rs1776948_T > A (OR: 1.20; 95 %CI: 1.01 to 1.41; P = 0.04) were associated with CLL. The haplogenotype analysis (rs1715364, rs6133175) supported the genotype results. No gene-diet interactions in CLL remained statistically significant after correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that both fruit intake and genetic marker in SLC23A2 may play an independent role in CLL biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Casabonne
- Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Av. Gran Via 199 - 203, 2º, 08907, L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Esther Gracia
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Espinosa
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Benavente
- Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Av. Gran Via 199 - 203, 2º, 08907, L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Robles
- Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Av. Gran Via 199 - 203, 2º, 08907, L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Costas
- Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Av. Gran Via 199 - 203, 2º, 08907, L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Alonso
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907, L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Gonzalez-Barca
- Hematology, IDIBELL, Institut Català d' Oncologia, 08907, L' Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Oncology Institute (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Austria
| | - Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria- IDIVAL, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Eva Gimeno Vázquez
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Hospital del Mar, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Grup de Recerca Aplicada en Neoplasies Hematològiques-PSMAR, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Aymerich
- Hematopathology Unit, Pathology Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elies Campo
- Hematopathology Unit, Pathology Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José J Jiménez-Moleón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Servicio Andaluz de Salud/Universidad de Granada, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael Marcos-Gragera
- Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Oncology Coordination Plan, Department of Health, Autonomous Government of Catalonia, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdiBGi), 17007, Girona, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragones
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), 28222, Puerta De Hierro Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Marina Pollan
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), 28222, Puerta De Hierro Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,National School of Public Health, 115 21, Athens, Greece
| | - Carmen Urtiaga
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Health Department, 20013, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Basque Health Department, 20013, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, University of Barcelona, 08907, L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia de Sanjose
- Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Av. Gran Via 199 - 203, 2º, 08907, L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain
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The potential relevance of the endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Oncoscience 2016; 3:31-41. [PMID: 26973858 PMCID: PMC4751914 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is an aggressive, genetically heterogenerous disease and the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma among adults. To gain further insights into the etiology of DLBCL and to discover potential disease-related factors, we performed a serum lipid analysis on a subset of individuals from a population-based NHL case-control study. An untargeted mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics platform was used to analyze serum samples from 100 DLBCL patients and 100 healthy matched controls. Significantly elevated levels of the endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), were detected in the serum of DLBCL patients (121%, P < 0.05). In the male controls, elevated 2-AG levels were observed in those who were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 - < 30 kg/m2; 108%, P < 0.01) and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2; 118%, P < 0.001) compared to those with a BMI < 25 kg/m2. DLBCL cell lines treated with exogenous 2-AG across a range of concentrations, exhibited heterogenous responses: proliferation rates were markedly higher in 4 cell lines by 22%-68% (P < 0.001) and lower in 8 by 20%-75% (P < 0.001). The combined findings of elevated 2-AG levels in DLBCL patients and the proliferative effects of 2-AG on a subset of DLBCL cell lines suggests that 2-AG may play a potential role in the pathogenesis or progression of a subset of DLBCLs.
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Sasidharan Nair V, Song MH, Oh KI. Vitamin C Facilitates Demethylation of the Foxp3 Enhancer in a Tet-Dependent Manner. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2119-31. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Liang J, Zhao T, Yang J, Li W, Zhang F, Zhang S, Huang Z, Lin R, Zhang X. MMP-9 gene polymorphisms (rs3918242, rs3918254 and rs4810482) and the risk of psoriasis vulgaris: No evidence for associations in a Chinese Han population. Immunol Lett 2015; 168:343-8. [PMID: 26554609 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Several previous studies including one of them co-authored by our group have revealed that serum and psoriatic plaque expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was significantly upregulated in psoriasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes of MMP-9 (rs3918242, rs3918254 and rs4810482) with psoriasis vulgaris in a Chinese Han population. The serum levels of MMP-9 in 245 psoriasis vulgaris cases and 256 healthy controls were assessed using ELSA kits, and the three SNPs were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-ligation detection reaction (PCR-LDR) method. Four haplotypes based on the three SNPs were also analyzed. Our study showed that the serum MMP-9 levels in patients with psoriasis vulgaris were significantly higher than that in controls (P<0.05). However, the three SNPs were not significantly associated with psoriasis vulgaris susceptibility (all P>0.05). Similar results were found in further subgroup analysis based on gender, age of onset, family history, and serum MMP-9 levels, except that a protective effect of psoriasis vulgaris was detected among female subjects with the CT genotype of rs3918254 (OR=0.47, 95% CI=0.23-0.96, P=0.038), but this association did not survive after Bonferroni correction (P(adj)=0.076). The haplotype analysis also failed to show any association with psoriasis vulgaris. We found no evidence for the association between the MMP-9 polymorphisms and psoriasis vulgaris susceptibility in a Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Liang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Juan Yang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Sanquan Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Zhenming Huang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Rihua Lin
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Xibao Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China.
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Chang Z, Huo L, Li P, Wu Y, Zhang P. Ascorbic acid provides protection for human chondrocytes against oxidative stress. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7086-92. [PMID: 26300283 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered to be an important cause of dysfunction in chondrocytes and articular cartilage degradation, which leads to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) and cartilage aging. The present study aimed to assess the effects of the widely applied antioxidant, ascorbic acid (AA), on human chondrocytes against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in vitro. Using annexin V‑fluorescein isothiocyanate, 3‑(4,5‑dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)‑2,5‑diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and senescence‑associated β‑galactosidase assays, the present study identified that AA reduced apoptosis, reduced the loss of viability and markedly decreased H2O2‑mediated senescence in cells treated with H2O2. Furthermore, AA not only stimulated the expression levels of collagens and proteoglycans, but also inhibited the differentiation of chondrocytes under conditions of oxidative stress. In addition, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting demonstrated that AA decreased the activity of nrf2, NF‑κB, AP1 and matrix metalloproteinase‑3, which is stimulated by H2O2. In conclusion, AA efficiently protected human chondrocytes against damage induced by H2O2 by regulating multiple regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chang
- Department of Cervical Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Mongolia 010030, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Huo
- Department of Cervical Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Mongolia 010030, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Cervical Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Mongolia 010030, P.R. China
| | - Yimin Wu
- Department of Cervical Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Mongolia 010030, P.R. China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Cervical Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Mongolia 010030, P.R. China
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Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that ascorbate, the dominant form of vitamin C under physiological pH conditions, influences activity of the genome via regulating epigenomic processes. Ascorbate serves as a cofactor for Ten-eleven translocation (TET) dioxygenases that catalyze the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), and further to 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and to 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC), which are ultimately replaced by unmodified cytosine. The Jumonji C (JmjC)-domain-containing histone demethylases also require ascorbate as a cofactor for histone demethylation. Thus, by primarily participating in the demethylation of both DNA and histones, ascorbate appears to be a mediator of the interface between the genome and environment. Furthermore, redox status has a profound impact on the bioavailability of ascorbate in the nucleus. In order to bridge the gap between redox biology and genomics, we suggest an interdisciplinary research field that can be termed redox genomics to study dynamic redox processes in health and diseases. This review examines the evidence and potential molecular mechanism of ascorbate in the demethylation of the genome, and it highlights potential epigenetic roles of ascorbate in various diseases.
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de Jong TMH, Jochens A, Jockel-Schneider Y, Harks I, Dommisch H, Graetz C, Flachsbart F, Staufenbiel I, Eberhard J, Folwaczny M, Noack B, Meyle J, Eickholz P, Gieger C, Grallert H, Lieb W, Franke A, Nebel A, Schreiber S, Doerfer C, Jepsen S, Bruckmann C, van der Velden U, Loos BG, Schaefer AS. SLC23A1 polymorphism rs6596473 in the vitamin C transporter SVCT1 is associated with aggressive periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2015; 41:531-40. [PMID: 24708273 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM Identification of variants within genes SLC23A1 and SLC23A2 coding for vitamin C transporter proteins associated with aggressive (AgP) and chronic periodontitis (CP). MATERIAL AND METHODS Employment of three independent case-control samples of AgP (I. 283 cases, 979 controls; II. 417 cases, 1912 controls; III. 164 cases, 357 controls) and one sample of CP (1359 cases, 1296 controls). RESULTS Stage 1: Among the tested single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the rare allele (RA) of rs6596473 in SLC23A1 showed nominal significant association with AgP (p = 0.026, odds ratio [OR] 1.26, and a highly similar minor allele frequency between different control panels. Stage 2: rs6596473 showed no significant association with AgP in the replication with the German and Dutch case-control samples. After pooling the German AgP populations (674 cases, 2891 controls) to significantly increase the statistical power (SP = 0.81), rs6596473 RA showed significant association with AgP prior to and upon adjustment with the covariates smoking and gender with padj = 0.005, OR = 1.35. Stage 3: RA of rs6596473 showed no significant association with severe CP. CONCLUSION SNP rs6596473 of SLC23A1 is suggested to be associated with AgP. These results add to previous reports that vitamin C plays a role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs M H de Jong
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Baecklund F, Foo JN, Bracci P, Darabi H, Karlsson R, Hjalgrim H, Rosenquist R, Adami HO, Glimelius B, Melbye M, Conde L, Liu J, Humphreys K, Skibola CF, Smedby KE. A comprehensive evaluation of the role of genetic variation in follicular lymphoma survival. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2014; 15:113. [PMID: 25294155 PMCID: PMC4411784 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-014-0113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Survival in follicular lymphoma (FL) is highly variable, even within prognostic groups defined by tumor grade and the Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index. Studies suggest that germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may hold prognostic information but further investigation is needed. Methods We explored the association between SNPs and FL outcome using two approaches: 1) Two independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of ~300.000 SNPs followed by a meta-analysis encompassing 586 FL patients diagnosed in Denmark/Sweden 1999–2002 and in the United States 2001–2006; and 2) Investigation of 22 candidate-gene variants previously associated with FL outcome in the Danish/Swedish cohort (N = 373). We estimated time to lymphoma-specific death (approach 1 and 2) and lymphoma progression (approach 2) with hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in a multivariable Cox regression model. Results In the GWAS meta-analysis, using a random effects model, no variants were associated with lymphoma-specific death at a genome-wide significant level (p < 5.0 ×10−8). The strongest association was observed for tightly linked SNPs on 17q24 near the ABCA10 and ABCA6 genes (rs10491178 HRrandom = 3.17, 95% CI 2.09-4.79, prandom = 5.24 ×10−8). The ABCA10 and ABCA6 genes belong to a family of genes encoding for ABC transporter proteins, implicated in multidrug resistance. In line with a previous study, rs2466571 in CD46 (HR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.58-0.91, p = 0.006) showed nominal association with lymphoma progression, as did two highly linked SNPs in IL8 (rs4073 HR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.62-0.97, p = 0.02; rs2227307 HR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.60-0.94, p = 0.01) previously associated with overall survival. Conclusions The results suggest a possible role for multidrug resistance in FL survival and add to the evidence that genetic variation in CD46 and IL8 may have prognostic implications in FL. Our findings need further confirmation in other independent populations or in a larger multicenter GWAS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-014-0113-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Baecklund
- Department of Medicine Solna, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jia-Nee Foo
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Paige Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Hatef Darabi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Henrik Hjalgrim
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Bengt Glimelius
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. .,Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mads Melbye
- Division of National Health Surveillance and Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lucia Conde
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Keith Humphreys
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Christine F Skibola
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Karin E Smedby
- Department of Medicine Solna, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Kelly RS, Vineis P. Biomarkers of susceptibility to chemical carcinogens: the example of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Br Med Bull 2014; 111:89-100. [PMID: 25114269 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldu015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic susceptibly to suspected chemical and environmental carcinogens may modify the response to exposure. The aim of this review was to explore the issues involved in the study of gene-environment interactions, and to consider the use of susceptibility biomarkers in cancer epidemiology, using non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) as an example. SOURCES OF DATA PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched for peer-reviewed articles considering biomarkers of susceptibility to chemical, agricultural and industrial carcinogens in the aetiology of NHL. AREAS OF AGREEMENT The results suggest a modifying role for genetic susceptibility to a number of occupational and environmental exposures including organochlorines, chlorinated solvents, chlordanes and benzene in the aetiology of NHL. The potential importance of these gene-environment interactions in NHL may help to explain the lack of definitive carcinogens identified to date for this malignancy. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Although a large number of genetic variants and gene-environment interactions have been explored for NHL, to date replication is lacking and therefore the findings remain to be validated. GROWING POINTS AND AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH These findings highlight the need for novel standardized methodologies in the study of genetic susceptibility to chemical carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK HuGef Foundation, Torino, Italy
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Senthilkumari S, Talwar B, Dharmalingam K, Ravindran RD, Jayanthi R, Sundaresan P, Saravanan C, Young IS, Dangour AD, Fletcher AE. Polymorphisms in sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter genes and plasma, aqueous humor and lens nucleus ascorbate concentrations in an ascorbate depleted setting. Exp Eye Res 2014; 124:24-30. [PMID: 24815519 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported low concentrations of plasma ascorbate and low dietary vitamin C intake in the older Indian population and a strong inverse association of these with cataract. Little is known about ascorbate levels in aqueous humor and lens in populations habitually depleted of ascorbate and no studies in any setting have investigated whether genetic polymorphisms influence ascorbate levels in ocular tissues. Our objectives were to investigate relationships between ascorbate concentrations in plasma, aqueous humor and lens and whether these relationships are influenced by Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter genes (SLC23A1 and SLC23A2). We enrolled sixty patients (equal numbers of men and women, mean age 63 years) undergoing small incision cataract surgery in southern India. We measured ascorbate concentrations in plasma, aqueous humor and lens nucleus using high performance liquid chromatography. SLC23A1 SNPs (rs4257763, rs6596473) and SLC23A2 SNPs (rs1279683 and rs12479919) were genotyped using a TaqMan assay. Patients were interviewed for lifestyle factors which might influence ascorbate. Plasma vitamin C was normalized by a log10 transformation. Statistical analysis used linear regression with the slope of the within-subject associations estimated using beta (β) coefficients. The ascorbate concentrations (μmol/L) were: plasma ascorbate, median and inter-quartile range (IQR), 15.2 (7.8, 34.5), mean (SD) of aqueous humor ascorbate, 1074 (545) and lens nucleus ascorbate, 0.42 (0.16) (μmol/g lens nucleus wet weight). Minimum allele frequencies were: rs1279683 (0.28), rs12479919 (0.30), rs659647 (0.48). Decreasing concentrations of ocular ascorbate from the common to the rare genotype were observed for rs6596473 and rs12479919. The per allele difference in aqueous humor ascorbate for rs6596473 was -217 μmol/L, p < 0.04 and a per allele difference in lens nucleus ascorbate of -0.085 μmol/g, p < 0.02 for rs12479919. The β coefficients for the regression of log10 plasma ascorbate on aqueous humor ascorbate were higher for the GG genotype of rs6596473: GG, β = 1460 compared to carriage of the C allele, CG, β = 1059, CC, β = 1132, p interaction = 0.1. In conclusion we found that compared to studies in well-nourished populations, ascorbate concentrations in the plasma, aqueous humor and lens nucleus were low. We present novel findings that polymorphisms in SLC23A1/2 genes influenced ascorbate concentration in aqueous humor and lens nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Senthilkumari
- Department of Ocular Pharmacology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Badri Talwar
- Aravind Eye Hospital Pondicherry, Aravind Eye Care, Pondicherry, India
| | | | | | | | - Periasamy Sundaresan
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Charu Saravanan
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ian S Young
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Alan D Dangour
- Faculty of Epidemiology & Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Astrid E Fletcher
- Faculty of Epidemiology & Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom.
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Schwartz B. New criteria for supplementation of selected micronutrients in the era of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2014; 65:529-38. [PMID: 24625102 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.898258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Advances in molecular biology, emergence of novel techniques and huge amount of information generated in the post-Human Genome Project era have fostered the emergence of new disciplines in the field of nutritional research: Nutrigenomics deals with the effect of diet on gene expression whereas nutrigenetics refers to the impact of inherited traits on the response to a specific dietary pattern, functional food or supplement. Understanding the role of micronutrient supplementation with specific genetic backgrounds may provide an important contribution to a new optimum health strategy based on individualized nutritional treatment and may provide the strategies for the development of safer and more effective dietary interventions. This overview of the various aspects of supplementation of micronutrients in the era of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics may provide a better understanding of novel nutritional research approach and provide an additional insight that can be applied to the daily dietary practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Schwartz
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot , Israel
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Association of the polymorphisms of MMP-9 and TIMP-3 genes with thoracic aortic dissection in Chinese Han population. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:351-5. [PMID: 24487965 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is the most common life-threatening disorder, and a shifted balance of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) is involved in TAD pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MMP-9 and TIMP-3 genes with TAD risk in Chinese Han population. METHODS A total of 206 Chinese patients with TAD and 180 controls were included in this study. Four SNPs (rs3918249, rs2274756, rs9609643 and rs8136803) were genotyped using high-throughput MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Allele and genotype association analyses were conducted using PLINK. RESULTS All the 4 SNPs resulted in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in patients and controls. The G allele frequency for the MMP-9 SNP rs2274756 was significantly higher in female TAD patients than in female controls (P=0.0099). Moreover, after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors (sex, age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and smoking habit), the rs2274756 polymorphism (odds ratio: 0.30; 95% confidence interval: 0.11 to 0.79, P=0.015) resulted in an independent susceptibility factor for TAD in females. No associations were found between the other SNPs and TAD. CONCLUSION The results provide strong evidence for an association between MMP-9 SNP rs2274756 and female TAD risk in Chinese Han population.
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Minegaki T, Kuwahara A, Yamamori M, Nakamura T, Okuno T, Miki I, Omatsu H, Tamura T, Hirai M, Azuma T, Sakaeda T, Nishiguchi K. Genetic polymorphisms in SLC23A2 as predictive biomarkers of severe acute toxicities after treatment with a definitive 5-fluorouracil/cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy in Japanese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:321-6. [PMID: 24578608 PMCID: PMC3936025 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.7654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the standard therapies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); however, inter-individual variations in clinical outcomes have yet to be investigated. In the present study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SLC23A2 gene were retrospectively evaluated in 49 Japanese patients with ESCC who were treated with a definitive 5-FU/CDDP-based CRT, and the predictive values for the clinical response, severe acute toxicities, and long-term survival were assessed. METHODS A course consisted of the continuous infusion of 5-FU at 400 mg/m(2)/day for days 1-5 and 8-12, the infusion of CDDP at 40 mg/m(2)/day on days 1 and 8, and radiation at 2 Gy/day on days 1 to 5, 8 to 12, and 15 to 19, with a second course being repeated after a 2-week interval. The SLC23A2 SNPs rs2681116, rs13037458, rs1715364, rs4987219, and rs1110277 were evaluated. RESULTS The rs2681116 and rs13037458 had a tendency to predict the clinical response (p=0.144 and 0.085, respectively) and long-term survival (p=0.142 and 0.056, respectively). The rs4987219 and rs1110277 correlated with severe acute leukopenia (p=0.025) and stomatitis (p=0.019), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Further investigations with a larger number of patients or an in vitro study are needed to confirm the predictive values of genetic polymorphisms in SLC23A2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Minegaki
- 1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Akiko Kuwahara
- 2. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan. ; 3. School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
| | - Motohiro Yamamori
- 2. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan. ; 3. School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakamura
- 2. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Okuno
- 2. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ikuya Miki
- 2. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hideaki Omatsu
- 2. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takao Tamura
- 2. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan. ; 4. Department of Medical Oncology, Nara Hospital, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Midori Hirai
- 2. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takeshi Azuma
- 2. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakaeda
- 2. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan. ; 5. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kohshi Nishiguchi
- 1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan. ; 2. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Schuetz JM, Daley D, Leach S, Conde L, Berry BR, Gallagher RP, Connors JM, Gascoyne RD, Bracci PM, Skibola CF, Spinelli JJ, Brooks-Wilson AR. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk and variants in genes controlling lymphocyte development. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75170. [PMID: 24098683 PMCID: PMC3787098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) are a heterogeneous group of solid tumours of lymphoid cell origin. Three important aspects of lymphocyte development include immunity and inflammation, DNA repair, and programmed cell death. We have used a previously established case-control study of NHL to ask whether genetic variation in genes involved in these three important processes influences risk of this cancer. 118 genes in these three categories were tagged with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which were tested for association with NHL and its subtypes. The main analysis used logistic regression (additive model) to estimate odds ratios in European-ancestry cases and controls. 599 SNPs and 1116 samples (569 cases and 547 controls) passed quality control measures and were included in analyses. Following multiple-testing correction, one SNP in MSH3, a mismatch repair gene, showed an association with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.41–2.59; uncorrected p = 0.00003; corrected p = 0.010). This association was not replicated in an independent European-ancestry sample set of 251 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cases and 737 controls, indicating this result was likely a false positive. It is likely that moderate sample size, inter-subtype and other genetic heterogeneity, and small true effect sizes account for the lack of replicable findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M. Schuetz
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Denise Daley
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen Leach
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lucia Conde
- Department of Epidemiology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Brian R. Berry
- Department of Pathology, Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Joseph M. Connors
- Division of Medical Oncology and Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Randy D. Gascoyne
- Department of Pathology and Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paige M. Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Christine F. Skibola
- Department of Epidemiology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - John J. Spinelli
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Angela R Brooks-Wilson
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Bretherick KL, Schuetz JM, Morton LM, Purdue MP, Conde L, Gallagher RP, Connors JM, Gascoyne RD, Berry BR, Armstrong B, Kricker A, Vajdic CM, Grulich A, Hjalgrim H, Smedby KE, Skibola CF, Rothman N, Spinelli JJ, Brooks-Wilson AR. Sex- and subtype-specific analysis of H2AFX polymorphisms in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74619. [PMID: 24069324 PMCID: PMC3775730 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
H2AFX encodes a histone variant involved in signaling sites of DNA damage and recruiting repair factors. Genetic variants in H2AFX may influence risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), a heterogeneous group of lymphoid tumors that are characterized by chromosomal translocations. We previously reported that rs2509049, a common variant in the promoter of H2AFX, was associated with risk for NHL in the British Columbia population. Here we report results for 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 100 Kb surrounding H2AFX in an expanded collection of 568 NHL cases and 547 controls. After correction for multiple testing, significant associations were present for mantle cell lymphoma (p=0.007 for rs604714) and all B-cell lymphomas (p=0.046 for rs2509049). Strong linkage disequilibrium in the 5 Kb upstream of H2AFX limited the ability to determine which specific SNP (rs2509049, rs7759, rs8551, rs643788, rs604714, or rs603826), if any, was responsible. There was a significant interaction between sex and rs2509049 in the all B-cell lymphomas group (p=0.002); a sex-stratified analysis revealed that the association was confined to females (p=0.001). Neither the overall nor the female-specific association with rs2509049 was replicated in any of four independent NHL sample sets. Meta-analysis of all five study populations (3,882 B-cell NHL cases and 3,718 controls) supported a weak association with B-cell lymphoma (OR=0.92, 95% CI=0.86-0.99, p=0.034), although this association was not significant after exclusion of the British Columbia data. Further research into the potential sex-specificity of the H2AFX-NHL association may identify a subset of NHL cases that are influenced by genotype at this locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla L. Bretherick
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Johanna M. Schuetz
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lindsay M. Morton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mark P. Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lucia Conde
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | | | - Joseph M. Connors
- Division of Medical Oncology and Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Randy D. Gascoyne
- Department of Pathology and Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brian R. Berry
- Department of Pathology, Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bruce Armstrong
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anne Kricker
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Claire M. Vajdic
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Grulich
- The Kirby Institute for infection and immunity in society, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Henrik Hjalgrim
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin E. Smedby
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christine F. Skibola
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - John J. Spinelli
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Angela R. Brooks-Wilson
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Duell EJ, Lujan-Barroso L, Llivina C, Muñoz X, Jenab M, Boutron-Ruault MC, Clavel-Chapelon F, Racine A, Boeing H, Buijsse B, Canzian F, Johnson T, Dalgård C, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Sánchez SC, Sánchez-Cantalejo E, Huerta JM, Ardanaz E, Dorronsoro M, Khaw KT, Travis RC, Trichopoulou A, Trichopoulos D, Rafnsson S, Palli D, Sacerdote C, Tumino R, Panico S, Grioni S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Ros MM, Numans ME, Peeters PH, Johansen D, Lindkvist B, Johansson M, Johansson I, Skeie G, Weiderpass E, Duarte-Salles T, Stenling R, Riboli E, Sala N, González CA. Vitamin C transporter gene (SLC23A1 and SLC23A2) polymorphisms, plasma vitamin C levels, and gastric cancer risk in the EPIC cohort. GENES AND NUTRITION 2013; 8:549-60. [PMID: 23737080 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-013-0346-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin C is known to protect mucosal tissues from oxidative stress and inhibit nitrosamine formation in the stomach. High consumption of fruits, particularly citrus, and higher circulating vitamin C concentrations may be inversely associated with gastric cancer (GC) risk. We investigated 20 polymorphisms in vitamin C transporter genes SCL23A1 and SCL23A2 and GC risk in 365 cases and 1,284 controls nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. We also evaluated the association between these polymorphisms and baseline plasma vitamin C levels in a subset of participants. Four SNPs were predictors of plasma vitamin C levels (SLC23A1 rs11950646 and rs33972313; SLC23A2 rs6053005 and rs6133175) in multivariable linear regression models. One SNP (SLC23A2 rs6116569) was associated with GC risk, in particular non-cardia GC (OR = 1.63, 95 % CI = 1.11-2.39, based on 178 non-cardia cases), but this association was attenuated when plasma vitamin C was included in the logistic regression model. Haplotype analysis of SLC23A1 yielded no associations with GC. In SLC23A2, one haplotype was associated with both overall and non-cardia GC, another haplotype was associated with GC overall, and a third was associated with intestinal-type GC. Common variants in SLC23A1 and SLC23A2 may influence plasma vitamin C concentration independent of dietary intake, and variation in SLC23A2 may influence GC risk. Additional prospective studies in large populations and consortia are recommended. Investigation of variation in vitamin C transporter genes may shed light on the preventative properties of vitamin C in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, alan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Avda Gran Via 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain,
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Michels AJ, Hagen TM, Frei B. Human genetic variation influences vitamin C homeostasis by altering vitamin C transport and antioxidant enzyme function. Annu Rev Nutr 2013; 33:45-70. [PMID: 23642198 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071812-161246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
New evidence for the regulation of vitamin C homeostasis has emerged from several studies of human genetic variation. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding sodium-dependent vitamin C transport proteins are strongly associated with plasma ascorbate levels and likely impact tissue cellular vitamin C status. Furthermore, genetic variants of proteins that suppress oxidative stress or detoxify oxidatively damaged biomolecules, i.e., haptoglobin, glutathione-S-transferases, and possibly manganese superoxide dismutase, affect ascorbate levels in the human body. There also is limited evidence for a role of glucose transport proteins. In this review, we examine the extent of the variation in these genes, their impact on vitamin C status, and their potential role in altering chronic disease risk. We conclude that future epidemiological studies should take into account genetic variation in order to successfully determine the role of vitamin C nutriture or supplementation in human vitamin C status and chronic disease risk.
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Lipphardt MF, Deryal M, Ong MF, Schmidt W, Mahlknecht U. ESR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms predict breast cancer susceptibility in the central European Caucasian population. Int J Clin Exp Med 2013; 6:282-288. [PMID: 23641305 PMCID: PMC3631553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen and progesterone hormones are key regulators of a wide variety of biological processes. In addition to their influence on reproduction, cell differentiation and apoptosis, they affect inflammatory response, cell metabolism and most importantly, they regulate physiological breast tissue proliferation and differentiation as well as the development and progression of breast cancer. In order to assess whether genetic variants in the steroid hormone receptor gene ESR1 (estrogen receptor alpha) had an effect on sporadic breast cancer susceptibility, we assessed 7 ESR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for associations with breast cancer susceptibility and clinical parameters in 221 breast cancer patients and 221 controls, respectively. We identified ESR1 intron SNP +2464 C/T (rs3020314) and ESR1 intron SNP -4576 A/C (rs1514348) to correlate with breast cancer susceptibility and progesterone receptor expression status. Patients genotyped CT for ESR1 intron SNP +2464 (rs3020314) (p ≤ 0.045) or genotyped AC for ESR1 intron SNP -4576 (rs1514348) (p ≤ 0.000026) were identified to carry a significant risk as to the development of breast cancer in the Central European Caucasian population (both together: p ≤ 0.000488). Our study could confirm previous associations and revealed new associations of SNP rs1514348 with susceptibility to breast cancer and clinical outcome, which might be used as new additional SNP markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F Lipphardt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy, José Carreras Research Center, Saarland University Medical CenterD-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Mustafa Deryal
- Saarland University Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyHomburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Mei Fang Ong
- Institute of Medical Biometrics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, Saarland UniversityD-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Werner Schmidt
- Saarland University Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyHomburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mahlknecht
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy, José Carreras Research Center, Saarland University Medical CenterD-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Bürzle M, Suzuki Y, Ackermann D, Miyazaki H, Maeda N, Clémençon B, Burrier R, Hediger MA. The sodium-dependent ascorbic acid transporter family SLC23. Mol Aspects Med 2013; 34:436-54. [PMID: 23506882 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Bürzle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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PRRC2A and BCL2L11 gene variants influence risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: results from the InterLymph consortium. Blood 2012; 120:4645-8. [PMID: 23047821 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-05-427989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many common genetic variants have been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but individual study results are often conflicting. To confirm the role of putative risk alleles in B-cell NHL etiology, we performed a validation genotyping study of 67 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms within InterLymph, a large international consortium of NHL case-control studies. A meta-analysis was performed on data from 5633 B-cell NHL cases and 7034 controls from 8 InterLymph studies. rs3789068 in the proapoptotic BCL2L11 gene was associated with an increased risk for B-cell NHL (odds ratio = 1.21, P random = 2.21 × 10(-11)), with similar risk estimates for common B-cell subtypes. PRRC2A rs3132453 in the HLA complex class III region conferred a reduced risk of B-cell NHL (odds ratio = 0.68, P random = 1.07 × 10(-9)) and was likewise evident for common B-cell subtypes. These results are consistent with the known biology of NHL and provide insights into shared pathogenic components, including apoptosis and immune regulation, for the major B-cell lymphoma subtypes.
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Skibola CF, Conde L, Foo JN, Riby J, Humphreys K, Sillé FCM, Darabi H, Sanchez S, Hjalgrim H, Liu J, Bracci PM, Smedby KE. A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of follicular lymphoma. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:516. [PMID: 23025665 PMCID: PMC3534234 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma represents a diverse group of hematological malignancies, of which follicular lymphoma (FL) is one of the most common subtypes. Family and epidemiological studies suggest an important genetic role in the etiology of FL. In recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of FL, several genetic susceptibility loci have been identified on chromosome 6p21.33 (rs6457327) and 6p21.32 (rs10484561, rs2647012) in the human leukocyte antigen class I and class II regions. To identify new genetic variants and further elucidate the genetic basis of FL, a meta-analysis was performed of the top 1000 SNPs associated with FL risk from two GWAS in the US, Denmark and Sweden (592 cases, 1541 controls), with independent validation in 107 cases and 681 controls. Results rs9275517 and rs3117222 in the HLA class II region were validated and inversely associated with FL risk (rs9275517: OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.55-0.73, p = 4.03 × 10-11; rs3117222: OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.57-0.77, p = 1.45 × 10-7). rs9275517, which is in high linkage disequilibrium with rs2647012 (r2 = 0.9), was no longer associated with FL after conditioning on rs2647012. The rs3117222 association was independent of established FL SNPs, but not of the HLA-DPB1*0301 allele. Using publicly available gene expression profiles with matching genotype information, we found that rs3117222 also was significantly correlated with increased HLA-DPB1 expression. Conclusions By performing a meta-analysis of two GWAS of FL, we further validated the relevance of HLA-DPB1*0301 as a protective allele in the pathogenesis of FL. Moreover, the protective rs3117222 A allele correlated with increased levels of HLA-DPB1, suggesting a possible disease mechanism involving HLA-DPB1 expression regulation. Our results add further support to the major role of HLA genetic variation in the pathogenesis of FL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine F Skibola
- School of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, USA.
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Cerhan JR, Fredericksen ZS, Novak AJ, Ansell SM, Kay NE, Liebow M, Dogan A, Cunningham JM, Wang AH, Witzig TE, Habermann TM, Asmann YW, Slager SL. A two-stage evaluation of genetic variation in immune and inflammation genes with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma identifies new susceptibility locus in 6p21.3 region. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:1799-806. [PMID: 22911334 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-0696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a malignancy of lymphocytes, and there is growing evidence for a role of germline genetic variation in immune genes in NHL etiology. METHODS To identify susceptibility immune genes, we conducted a 2-stage analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from 1,253 genes using the Immune and Inflammation Panel. In Stage 1, we genotyped 7,670 SNPs in 425 NHL cases and 465 controls, and in Stage 2 we genotyped the top 768 SNPs on an additional 584 cases and 768 controls. The association of individual SNPs with NHL risk from a log-additive model was assessed using the OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS In the pooled analysis, only the TAP2 coding SNP rs241447 (minor allele frequency = 0.26; Thr655Ala) at 6p21.3 (OR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.17-1.53) achieved statistical significance after accounting for multiple testing (P = 3.1 × 10(-5)). The TAP2 SNP was strongly associated with follicular lymphoma (FL, OR = 1.82, 95%CI 1.46-2.26; p = 6.9 × 10(-8)), and was independent of other known loci (rs10484561 and rs2647012) from this region. The TAP2 SNP was also associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL, OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.08-1.77; P = 0.011), but not chronic lymphocytic leukemia (OR = 1.08; 95% CI 0.88-1.32). Higher TAP2 expression was associated with the risk allele in both FL and DLBCL tumors. CONCLUSION Genetic variation in TAP2 was associated with NHL risk overall, and FL risk in particular, and this was independent of other established loci from 6p21.3. IMPACT Genetic variation in antigen presentation of HLA class I molecules may play a role in lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Cerhan
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
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Bongers ML, Hogervorst JGF, Schouten LJ, Goldbohm RA, Schouten HC, van den Brandt PA. Dietary acrylamide intake and the risk of lymphatic malignancies: the Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38016. [PMID: 22723843 PMCID: PMC3377662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acrylamide, a probable human carcinogen, is present in many everyday foods. Since the finding of its presence in foods in 2002, epidemiological studies have found some suggestive associations between dietary acrylamide exposure and the risk of various cancers. The aim of this prospective study is to investigate for the first time the association between dietary acrylamide intake and the risk of several histological subtypes of lymphatic malignancies. Methods The Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer includes 120,852 men and women followed-up since September 1986. The number of person years at risk was estimated by using a random sample of participants from the total cohort that was chosen at baseline (n = 5,000). Acrylamide intake was estimated from a food frequency questionnaire combined with acrylamide data for Dutch foods. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for acrylamide intake as a continuous variable as well as in categories (quintiles and tertiles), for men and women separately and for never-smokers, using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. Results After 16.3 years of follow-up, 1,233 microscopically confirmed cases of lymphatic malignancies were available for multivariable-adjusted analysis. For multiple myeloma and follicular lymphoma, HRs for men were 1.14 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.27) and 1.28 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.61) per 10 µg acrylamide/day increment, respectively. For never-smoking men, the HR for multiple myeloma was 1.98 (95% CI: 1.38, 2.85). No associations were observed for women. Conclusion We found indications that acrylamide may increase the risk of multiple myeloma and follicular lymphoma in men. This is the first epidemiological study to investigate the association between dietary acrylamide intake and the risk of lymphatic malignancies, and more research into these observed associations is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilda L. Bongers
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke G. F. Hogervorst
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Leo J. Schouten
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R. Alexandra Goldbohm
- Division Quality of Life, Department of Prevention and Health, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Harry C. Schouten
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Piet A. van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Gamazon ER, Ziliak D, Im HK, LaCroix B, Park DS, Cox NJ, Huang RS. Genetic architecture of microRNA expression: implications for the transcriptome and complex traits. Am J Hum Genet 2012; 90:1046-63. [PMID: 22658545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to comprehensively and systematically characterize the relationship between genetic variation, miRNA expression, and mRNA expression. Genome-wide expression profiling of samples of European and African ancestry identified in each population hundreds of miRNAs whose increased expression is correlated with correspondingly reduced expression of target mRNAs. We scanned 3' UTR SNPs with a potential functional effect on miRNA binding for cis-acting expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) for the corresponding proximal target genes. To extend sequence-based, localized analyses of SNP effect on miRNA binding, we proceeded to dissect the genetic basis of miRNA expression variation; we mapped miRNA expression levels-as quantitative traits-to loci in the genome as miRNA eQTLs, demonstrating that miRNA expression is under significant genetic control. We found that SNPs associated with miRNA expression are significantly enriched with those SNPs already shown to be associated with mRNA. Moreover, we discovered that many of the miRNA-associated genetic variations identified in our study are associated with a broad spectrum of human complex traits from the National Human Genome Research Institute catalog of published genome-wide association studies. Experimentally, we replicated miRNA-induced mRNA expression inhibition and the cis-eQTL relationship to the target gene for several identified relationships among SNPs, miRNAs, and mRNAs in an independent set of samples; furthermore, we conducted miRNA overexpression and inhibition experiments to functionally validate the miRNA-mRNA relationships. This study extends our understanding of the genetic regulation of the transcriptome and suggests that genetic variation might underlie observed relationships between miRNAs and mRNAs more commonly than has previously been appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Gamazon
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Bürzle M, Hediger MA. Functional and Physiological Role of Vitamin C Transporters. CO-TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394316-3.00011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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The rs5743836 polymorphism in TLR9 confers a population-based increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Genes Immun 2011; 13:197-201. [PMID: 21866115 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2011.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has been associated with immunological defects, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Given the link between immune dysfunction and NHL, genetic variants in toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been regarded as potential predictive factors of susceptibility to NHL. Adequate anti-tumoral responses are known to depend on TLR9 function, such that the use of its synthetic ligand is being targeted as a therapeutic strategy. We investigated the association between the functional rs5743836 polymorphism in the TLR9 promoter and risk for B-cell NHL and its major subtypes in three independent case-control association studies from Portugal (1160 controls, 797 patients), Italy (468 controls, 494 patients) and the US (972 controls, 868 patients). We found that the rs5743836 polymorphism was significantly overtransmitted in both Portuguese (odds ratio (OR), 1.85; P=7.3E-9) and Italian (OR, 1.84; P=6.0E-5) and not in the US cohort of NHL patients. Moreover, the increased transcriptional activity of TLR9 in mononuclear cells from patients harboring rs5743836 further supports a functional effect of this polymorphism on NHL susceptibility in a population-dependent manner.
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Fan W, Zhou K, Hu D, Song X, Zhao Y, Chen H, Wei Q, Chen G, Shi J, Du G, Mao Y, Lu D, Zhou L. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of matrix metallopeptidase 3 and risk of gliomas in a Chinese Han population. Mol Carcinog 2011; 51 Suppl 1:E1-10. [PMID: 21853476 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metallopeptidases (MMPs) play an important role in central nervous system tumor growth, invasion and spreading. The currently available data provide clear evidence for the involvement of MMP3 in the pathophysiology of glioma. The study aims to explore the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the MMP3 gene with glioma risk. Three haplotype tagging and additional two promoter SNPs were genotyped among 766 glioma patients and 824 cancer-free controls from East China. None of these polymorphisms alone had a significant effect on risk of gliomas. However, when three promoter polymorphisms were evaluated together by the number of putative risk of genotypes (i.e., rs645419AA, 632478CA+AA, rs522616AA), a statistically significantly increased risk of gliomas was associated with the combined genotypes with two to three risk genotypes, compared with those with zero to one risk genotypes (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-1.68). This increased risk was also more pronounced among adults (adjusted OR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.02-1.27), males (adjusted OR = 1.19, 95%CI = 1.05-1.36), smokers (adjusted OR = 1.28, 95%CI = 1.07-1.52), subjects with no family history of cancer (adjusted OR = 1.21, 95%CI = 1.07-1.37), and patients with nonastrocytic gliomas (adjusted OR = 1.23, 95%CI = 1.06-1.43). In summary, our results suggest that any one of MMP3 variants may not have a substantial effect on glioma risk, but a joint effect of MMP3 promoter polymorphisms may contribute to risk of gliomas, particularly for adult gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences and Institutes for Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
The role of inherited (host) genetic susceptibility in the pathogenesis of follicular lymphoma (FL) is reviewed. First degree relatives of FL patients are at an increased risk of FL, suggesting a role for inherited factors. While there have been no linkage studies in FL families, candidate gene and genome-wide association studies have identified several risk loci which have been confirmed in independent studies. These include regions on 6p21.32-33 and TNF family members. Host genetics has also been hypothesized to influence treatment response, disease progression and overall survival. Early leads in FL prognosis include pathways that regulate immune function, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, chemotaxis, and one-carbon metabolism, although few of these associations have been independently confirmed. While the use of host genetics to identify individuals at high risk of FL or to predict FL treatment response and prognosis appears to be very promising, it is not yet ready for the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Cerhan
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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