1
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Sun C, Slade L, Mbonu P, Ordner H, Mitchell C, Mitchell M, Liang FC. Membrane protein chaperone and sodium chloride modulate the kinetics and morphology of amyloid beta aggregation. FEBS J 2024; 291:158-176. [PMID: 37786925 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is a biological phenomenon caused by the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides are derived from the cleavage of a larger membrane protein molecule and accumulate to form plaques extracellularly. According to the amyloid hypothesis, accumulation of Aβ aggregates in the brain is primarily responsible for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, the disassembly of Aβ aggregates may provide opportunities for alleviating or treating AD. Here, we show that the novel protein targeting machinery from chloroplast, chloroplast signal recognition particle 43 (cpSRP43), is an ATP-independent membrane protein chaperone that can both prevent and reverse Aβ aggregation effectively. Using of thioflavin T dye, we obtained the aggregation kinetics of Aβ aggregation and determined that the chaperone prevents Aβ aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. Size exclusion chromatography and sedimentation assays showed that 10-fold excess of cpSRP43 can keep Aβ in the soluble monomeric form. Electron microscopy showed that the fibril structure was disrupted in the presence of this chaperone. Importantly, cpSRP43 utilizes the binding energy to actively remodel the preformed Aβ aggregates without assistance by a co-chaperone and ATP, emphasizing its unique function among protein chaperones. Moreover, when sodium chloride concentration is higher than 25 mm, the Aβ aggregation rate increases drastically to form tightly associated aggregates and generate more oligomers. Our results demonstrate that the presence of cpSRP43 and low NaCl levels inhibit or retard Aβ peptide aggregation, potentially opening new avenues to strategically develop an effective treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Sun
- Department of Biology, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Leah Slade
- Department of Chemistry, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Prisca Mbonu
- Department of Biology, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Hunter Ordner
- Department of Chemistry, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Connor Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Fu-Cheng Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
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2
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Hilt S, Liu R, Maezawa I, Rojalin T, Aung HH, Budamagunta M, Slez R, Gong Q, Carney RP, Voss JC. Novel Stilbene-Nitroxyl Hybrid Compounds Display Discrete Modulation of Amyloid Beta Toxicity and Structure. Front Chem 2022; 10:896386. [PMID: 35720993 PMCID: PMC9204515 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.896386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several neurodegenerative diseases are driven by misfolded proteins that assemble into soluble aggregates. These "toxic oligomers" have been associated with a plethora of cellular dysfunction and dysregulation, however the structural features underlying their toxicity are poorly understood. A major impediment to answering this question relates to the heterogeneous nature of the oligomers, both in terms of structural disorder and oligomer size. This not only complicates elucidating the molecular etiology of these disorders, but also the druggability of these targets as well. We have synthesized a class of bifunctional stilbenes to modulate both the conformational toxicity within amyloid beta oligomers (AβO) and the oxidative stress elicited by AβO. Using a neuronal culture model, we demonstrate this bifunctional approach has the potential to counter the molecular pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease in a powerful, synergistic manner. Examination of AβO structure by various biophysical tools shows that each stilbene candidate uniquely alters AβO conformation and toxicity, providing insight towards the future development of structural correctors for AβO. Correlations of AβO structural modulation and bioactivity displayed by each provides insights for future testing in vivo. The multi-target activity of these hybrid molecules represents a highly advantageous feature for disease modification in Alzheimer's, which displays a complex, multifactorial etiology. Importantly, these novel small molecules intervene with intraneuronal AβO, a necessary feature to counter the cycle of dysregulation, oxidative stress and inflammation triggered during the earliest stages of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Hilt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Ruiwu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Izumi Maezawa
- M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Tatu Rojalin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Hnin H. Aung
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Research Division, California Air Resource Board, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Madhu Budamagunta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Ryan Slez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Qizhi Gong
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Randy P. Carney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - John C. Voss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Paramag Biosciences Inc., Davis, CA, United States
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3
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Effects of oligomer toxicity, fibril toxicity and fibril spreading in synucleinopathies. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:174. [PMID: 35244787 PMCID: PMC8897347 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding is a general hallmark of protein deposition diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease or Parkinson’s disease, in which different types of aggregated species (oligomers, protofibrils and fibrils) are generated by the cells. Despite widespread interest, the relationship between oligomers and fibrils in the aggregation process and spreading remains elusive. A large variety of experimental evidences supported the idea that soluble oligomeric species of different proteins might be more toxic than the larger fibrillar forms. Furthermore, the lack of correlation between the presence of the typical pathological inclusions and disease sustained this debate. However, recent data show that the β-sheet core of the α-Synuclein (αSyn) fibrils is unable to establish persistent interactions with the lipid bilayers, but they can release oligomeric species responsible for an immediate dysfunction of the recipient neurons. Reversibly, such oligomeric species could also contribute to pathogenesis via neuron-to-neuron spreading by their direct cell-to-cell transfer or by generating new fibrils, following their neuronal uptake. In this Review, we discuss the various mechanisms of cellular dysfunction caused by αSyn, including oligomer toxicity, fibril toxicity and fibril spreading.
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4
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Ackleh AS, Elaydi S, Livadiotis G, Veprauskas A. A continuous-time mathematical model and discrete approximations for the aggregation of β-Amyloid. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DYNAMICS 2021; 15:109-136. [PMID: 33427593 DOI: 10.1080/17513758.2020.1869843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative disorder characterized by the loss of synapses and neurons from the brain, as well as the accumulation of amyloid-based neuritic plaques. While it remains a matter of contention whether β-amyloid causes the neurodegeneration, β-amyloid aggregation is associated with the disease progression. Therefore, gaining a clearer understanding of this aggregation may help to better understand the disease. We develop a continuous-time model for β-amyloid aggregation using concepts from chemical kinetics and population dynamics. We show the model conserves mass and establish conditions for the existence and stability of equilibria. We also develop two discrete-time approximations to the model that are dynamically consistent. We show numerically that the continuous-time model produces sigmoidal growth, while the discrete-time approximations may exhibit oscillatory dynamics. Finally, sensitivity analysis reveals that aggregate concentration is most sensitive to parameters involved in monomer production and nucleation, suggesting the need for good estimates of such parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmy S Ackleh
- Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
| | - Saber Elaydi
- Department of Mathematics, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - George Livadiotis
- Department of Space Research, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Amy Veprauskas
- Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
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5
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Diociaiuti M, Bonanni R, Cariati I, Frank C, D’Arcangelo G. Amyloid Prefibrillar Oligomers: The Surprising Commonalities in Their Structure and Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126435. [PMID: 34208561 PMCID: PMC8235680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proposed that a “common core” of pathologic pathways exists for the large family of amyloid-associated neurodegenerations, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, type II diabetes and Creutzfeldt–Jacob’s Disease. Aggregates of the involved proteins, independently from their primary sequence, induced neuron membrane permeabilization able to trigger an abnormal Ca2+ influx leading to synaptotoxicity, resulting in reduced expression of synaptic proteins and impaired synaptic transmission. Emerging evidence is now focusing on low-molecular-weight prefibrillar oligomers (PFOs), which mimic bacterial pore-forming toxins that form well-ordered oligomeric membrane-spanning pores. At the same time, the neuron membrane composition and its chemical microenvironment seem to play a pivotal role. In fact, the brain of AD patients contains increased fractions of anionic lipids able to favor cationic influx. However, up to now the existence of a specific “common structure” of the toxic aggregate, and a “common mechanism” by which it induces neuronal damage, synaptotoxicity and impaired synaptic transmission, is still an open hypothesis. In this review, we gathered information concerning this hypothesis, focusing on the proteins linked to several amyloid diseases. We noted commonalities in their structure and membrane activity, and their ability to induce Ca2+ influx, neurotoxicity, synaptotoxicity and impaired synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Diociaiuti
- Centro Nazionale Malattie Rare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Roberto Bonanni
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Ida Cariati
- PhD in Medical-Surgical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudio Frank
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanna D’Arcangelo
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (G.D.)
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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6
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Kim J, Park K, Kim MJ, Lim H, Kim KH, Kim SW, Lee ES, Kim HH, Kim SJ, Hur KY, Kim JH, Ahn JH, Yoon KH, Kim JW, Lee MS. An autophagy enhancer ameliorates diabetes of human IAPP-transgenic mice through clearance of amyloidogenic oligomer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:183. [PMID: 33420039 PMCID: PMC7794419 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have reported that autophagy is crucial for clearance of amyloidogenic human IAPP (hIAPP) oligomer, suggesting that an autophagy enhancer could be a therapeutic modality against human diabetes with amyloid accumulation. Here, we show that a recently identified autophagy enhancer (MSL-7) reduces hIAPP oligomer accumulation in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived β-cells (hiPSC-β-cells) and diminishes oligomer-mediated apoptosis of β-cells. Protective effects of MSL-7 against hIAPP oligomer accumulation and hIAPP oligomer-mediated β-cell death are significantly reduced in cells with knockout of MiTF/TFE family members such as Tfeb or Tfe3. MSL-7 improves glucose tolerance and β-cell function of hIAPP+ mice on high-fat diet, accompanied by reduced hIAPP oligomer/amyloid accumulation and β-cell apoptosis. Protective effects of MSL-7 against hIAPP oligomer-mediated β-cell death and the development of diabetes are also significantly reduced by β-cell-specific knockout of Tfeb. These results suggest that an autophagy enhancer could have therapeutic potential against human diabetes characterized by islet amyloid accumulation. Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) deposition is associated with islet cell loss in diabetes. Here the authors show that a small molecule autophagy enhancer reduces IAPP accumulation in vitro, and also improves glucose tolerance in hIAPP+ mice fed high-fat diet, accompanied by reduced hIAPP accumulation, in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kihyoun Park
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyejin Lim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kook Hwan Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Seo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyongbum Henry Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Transplantation Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Yeon Hur
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Yoon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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7
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Skuodas S, Clemons A, Hayes M, Goll A, Zora B, Weeks DL, Phillips BT, Fassler JS. The ABCF gene family facilitates disaggregation during animal development. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:1324-1345. [PMID: 32320318 PMCID: PMC7353142 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-08-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation, once believed to be a harbinger and/or consequence of stress, age, and pathological conditions, is emerging as a novel concept in cellular regulation. Normal versus pathological aggregation may be distinguished by the capacity of cells to regulate the formation, modification, and dissolution of aggregates. We find that Caenorhabditis elegans aggregates are observed in large cells/blastomeres (oocytes, embryos) and in smaller, further differentiated cells (primordial germ cells), and their analysis using cell biological and genetic tools is straightforward. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that aggregates are involved in normal development. Using cross-platform analysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, C. elegans, and Xenopus laevis, we present studies identifying a novel disaggregase family encoded by animal genomes and expressed embryonically. Our initial analysis of yeast Arb1/Abcf2 in disaggregation and animal ABCF proteins in embryogenesis is consistent with the possibility that members of the ABCF gene family may encode disaggregases needed for aggregate processing during the earliest stages of animal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Skuodas
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Amy Clemons
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Michael Hayes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Ashley Goll
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Betul Zora
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Daniel L Weeks
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | | | - Jan S Fassler
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
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8
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De Plano LM, Carnazza S, Franco D, Rizzo MG, Conoci S, Petralia S, Nicoletti A, Zappia M, Campolo M, Esposito E, Cuzzocrea S, Guglielmino SPP. Innovative IgG Biomarkers Based on Phage Display Microbial Amyloid Mimotope for State and Stage Diagnosis in Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:1013-1026. [PMID: 32176482 PMCID: PMC7997372 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
An
innovative approach to identify new conformational antigens
of Aβ1–42 recognized by IgG autoantibodies
as biomarkers of state and stage in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
patients is described. In particular, through the use of bioinformatics
modeling, conformational similarities between several Aβ1–42 forms and other amyloid-like proteins with F1 capsular
antigen (Caf1) of Yersinia pestis were first found.
pVIII M13 phage display libraries were then screened against YPF19,
anti-Caf1 monoclonal antibody, and IgGs of AD patients, in alternate
biopanning cycles of a so-called “double binding” selection.
From the selected phage clones, one, termed 12III1, was found to be
able to prevent in vitro Aβ1–42-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, as well as to promote disaggregation
of preformed fibrils, to a greater extent with respect to wild-type
phage (pC89). IgG levels detected by 12III1 provided a significant
level of discrimination between diseased and nondemented subjects,
as well as a good correlation with the state progression of the disease.
These results give significant impact in AD state and stage diagnosis,
paving the way for the development not only for an innovative blood
diagnostic assay for AD precise diagnosis, progressive clinical assessment,
and screening but also for new effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. De Plano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Santina Carnazza
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Franco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Rizzo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Sabrina Conoci
- STmicroelectronics, Stradale Primosole, 50, 95121 Catania, Italy
- Distretto Tecnologico Micro e Nano Sistemi Sicilia, Strada VII-Zona Industriale, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Nicoletti
- Neurology Clinic, Department “G.F. Ingrassia”, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Zappia
- Neurology Clinic, Department “G.F. Ingrassia”, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore P. P. Guglielmino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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9
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Genereux JC. Mass spectrometric approaches for profiling protein folding and stability. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2019; 118:111-144. [PMID: 31928723 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein stability reports on protein homeostasis, function, and binding interactions, such as to other proteins, metabolites and drugs. As such, there is a pressing need for technologies that can report on protein stability. The ideal technique could be applied in vitro or in vivo systems, proteome-wide, independently of matrix, under native conditions, with residue-level resolution, and on protein at endogenous levels. Mass spectrometry has rapidly become a preferred technology for identifying and quantifying proteins. As such, it has been increasingly incorporated into methodologies for interrogating protein stability and folding. Although no single technology can satisfy all desired applications, several emerging approaches have shown outstanding success at providing biological insight into the stability of the proteome. This chapter outlines some of these recent emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Genereux
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
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10
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Webster JM, Darling AL, Uversky VN, Blair LJ. Small Heat Shock Proteins, Big Impact on Protein Aggregation in Neurodegenerative Disease. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1047. [PMID: 31619995 PMCID: PMC6759932 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Misfolding, aggregation, and aberrant accumulation of proteins are central components in the progression of neurodegenerative disease. Cellular molecular chaperone systems modulate proteostasis, and, therefore, are primed to influence aberrant protein-induced neurotoxicity and disease progression. Molecular chaperones have a wide range of functions from facilitating proper nascent folding and refolding to degradation or sequestration of misfolded substrates. In disease states, molecular chaperones can display protective or aberrant effects, including the promotion and stabilization of toxic protein aggregates. This seems to be dependent on the aggregating protein and discrete chaperone interaction. Small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are a class of molecular chaperones that typically associate early with misfolded proteins. These interactions hold proteins in a reversible state that helps facilitate refolding or degradation by other chaperones and co-factors. These sHsp interactions require dynamic oligomerization state changes in response to diverse cellular triggers and, unlike later steps in the chaperone cascade of events, are ATP-independent. Here, we review evidence for modulation of neurodegenerative disease-relevant protein aggregation by sHsps. This includes data supporting direct physical interactions and potential roles of sHsps in the stewardship of pathological protein aggregates in brain. A greater understanding of the mechanisms of sHsp chaperone activity may help in the development of novel therapeutic strategies to modulate the aggregation of pathological, amyloidogenic proteins. sHsps-targeting strategies including modulators of expression or post-translational modification of endogenous sHsps, small molecules targeted to sHsp domains, and delivery of engineered molecular chaperones, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack M Webster
- Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Byrd Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - April L Darling
- Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Byrd Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Byrd Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Laura J Blair
- Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Byrd Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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11
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Ayala S, Genevaux P, Hureau C, Faller P. (Bio)chemical Strategies To Modulate Amyloid-β Self-Assembly. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3366-3374. [PMID: 31265239 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid plaques are one of the two hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). They consist mainly of fibrils made of self-assembled amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. Aβ is produced in healthy brains from proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein. Aβ aggregates, in particular smaller, soluble aggregates, are toxic to cells. Hence, modulating the self-assembly of Aβ became a very active field of research, with the aim to reduce the amount of the toxic aggregates of Aβ or to block their toxic action. A great variety of molecules, chemical and biological, are able to modify the aggregation of Aβ. Here we give an overview of the different mechanistic ways to modulate Aβ aggregation and on which step in the self-assembly molecules can interfere. We discuss the aggregation modulators according to different important parameters, including the type of interaction (weak interaction, coordination or covalent bonds), the importance of kinetics and thermodynamics, the size of the modulating molecules, and binding specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ayala
- LCC, CNRS & University of Toulouse (UPS, INPT), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaires, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Genevaux
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaires, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Christelle Hureau
- LCC, CNRS & University of Toulouse (UPS, INPT), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Peter Faller
- LCC, CNRS & University of Toulouse (UPS, INPT), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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12
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Effects of Single Amino Acid Substitutions on Aggregation and Cytotoxicity Properties of Amyloid β Peptide. Int J Pept Res Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-018-9693-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Kim Y, Yoo YK, Kim HY, Roh JH, Kim J, Baek S, Lee JC, Kim HJ, Chae MS, Jeong D, Park D, Lee S, Jang H, Kim K, Lee JH, Byun BH, Park SY, Ha JH, Lee KC, Cho WW, Kim JS, Koh JY, Lim SM, Hwang KS. Comparative analyses of plasma amyloid-β levels in heterogeneous and monomerized states by interdigitated microelectrode sensor system. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav1388. [PMID: 31001580 PMCID: PMC6469948 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav1388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Detection of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates contributes to the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD). Plasma Aβ is deemed a less invasive and more accessible hallmark of AD, as Aβ can penetrate blood-brain barriers. However, correlations between biofluidic Aβ concentrations and AD progression has been tenuous. Here, we introduce a diagnostic technique that compares the heterogeneous and the monomerized states of Aβ in plasma. We used a small molecule, EPPS [4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulfonic acid], to dissociate aggregated Aβ into monomers to enhance quantification accuracy. Subsequently, Aβ levels of EPPS-treated plasma were compared to those of untreated samples to minimize inter- and intraindividual variations. The interdigitated microelectrode sensor system was used to measure plasma Aβ levels on a scale of 0.1 pg/ml. The implementation of this self-standard blood test resulted in substantial distinctions between patients with AD and individuals with normal cognition (NC), with selectivity and sensitivity over 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- YoungSoo Kim
- Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kyoung Yoo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Yun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hoon Roh
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsik Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyeop Baek
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinny Claire Lee
- Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sic Chae
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Jeong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsung Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejin Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - HoChung Jang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeonghwan Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hyun Byun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Yeon Park
- Department of Neurology of Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Ha
- Department of Neurology of Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyo Chul Lee
- Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Woo Cho
- Cantis, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Koh
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Moo Lim
- Department of Neurology of Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyo Seon Hwang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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14
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Silverman JM, Gibbs E, Peng X, Martens KM, Balducci C, Wang J, Yousefi M, Cowan CM, Lamour G, Louadi S, Ban Y, Robert J, Stukas S, Forloni G, Hsiung GYR, Plotkin SS, Wellington CL, Cashman NR. A Rational Structured Epitope Defines a Distinct Subclass of Toxic Amyloid-beta Oligomers. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1591-1606. [PMID: 29614860 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligomers of amyloid-β (AβO) are deemed key in synaptotoxicity and amyloid seeding of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the heterogeneous and dynamic nature of AβO and inadequate markers for AβO subtypes have stymied effective AβO identification and therapeutic targeting in vivo. We identified an AβO-subclass epitope defined by differential solvent orientation of the lysine 28 side chain in a constrained loop of serine-asparagine-lysine (cSNK), rarely displayed in molecular dynamics simulations of monomer and fibril ensembles. A mouse monoclonal antibody targeting AβOcSNK recognizes ∼50-60 kDa SDS-resistant soluble Aβ assemblages in AD brain and prolongs the lag phase of Aβ aggregation in vitro. Acute peripheral infusion of a murine IgG1 anti-AβOcSNK in two AD mouse models reduced soluble brain Aβ aggregates by 20-30%. Chronic cSNK peptide immunization of APP/PS1 mice engendered an anti-AβOcSNK IgG1 response without epitope spreading to Aβ monomers or fibrils and was accompanied by preservation of global PSD95 expression and improved cued fear memory. Our data indicate that the oligomer subtype AβOcSNK participates in synaptotoxicity and propagation of Aβ aggregation in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M. Silverman
- Department of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Ebrima Gibbs
- Department of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Xubiao Peng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Genome Sciences and Technology Program, Bioinformatics, Institute for Applied Math, University of British Columbia, Room
311, 6356 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Kris M. Martens
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Claudia Balducci
- IRCCS, Department of Neuroscience, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Via La Masa, 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Masoud Yousefi
- Department of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Catherine M. Cowan
- Department of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Guillaume Lamour
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, Rm D223, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Sarah Louadi
- Department of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Yuxin Ban
- Department of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Jerome Robert
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sophie Stukas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Gianluigi Forloni
- IRCCS, Department of Neuroscience, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Via La Masa, 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Ging-Yuek R. Hsiung
- UBC Hospital Clinic for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Steven S. Plotkin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Genome Sciences and Technology Program, Bioinformatics, Institute for Applied Math, University of British Columbia, Room
311, 6356 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Cheryl L. Wellington
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Neil R. Cashman
- Department of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
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15
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Dayeh MA, Livadiotis G, Elaydi S. A discrete mathematical model for the aggregation of β-Amyloid. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196402. [PMID: 29791461 PMCID: PMC5965829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia associated with the Alzheimer's disease is thought to be correlated with the conversion of the β − Amyloid (Aβ) peptides from soluble monomers to aggregated oligomers and insoluble fibrils. We present a discrete-time mathematical model for the aggregation of Aβ monomers into oligomers using concepts from chemical kinetics and population dynamics. Conditions for the stability and instability of the equilibria of the model are established. A formula for the number of monomers that is required for producing oligomers is also given. This may provide compound designers a mechanism to inhibit the Aβ aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher A. Dayeh
- Department of Space Research, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - George Livadiotis
- Department of Space Research, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Saber Elaydi
- Department of Mathematics, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
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16
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Schuster J, Funke SA. Methods for the Specific Detection and Quantitation of Amyloid-β Oligomers in Cerebrospinal Fluid. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 53:53-67. [PMID: 27163804 DOI: 10.3233/jad-151029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation are fundamental features of the majority of neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and prion diseases. Proteinaceous deposits in the brain of the patient, e.g., amyloid plaques consisting of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide and tangles composed of tau protein, are the hallmarks of AD. Soluble oligomers of Aβ and tau play a fundamental role in disease progression, and specific detection and quantification of the respective oligomeric proteins in cerebrospinal fluid may provide presymptomatically detectable biomarkers, paving the way for early diagnosis or even prognosis. Several studies on the development of techniques for the specific detection of Aβ oligomers were published, but some of the existing tools do not yet seem to be satisfactory, and the study results are contradicting. The detection of oligomers is challenging due to their polymorphous and unstable nature, their low concentration, and the presence of competing proteins and Aβ monomers in body fluids. Here, we present an overview of the current state of the development of methods for Aβ oligomer specific detection and quantitation. The methods are divided in the three subgroups: (i) enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), (ii) methods for single oligomer detection, and (iii) others, which are mainly biosensor based methods.
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17
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Rodriguez-Rodriguez P, Sandebring-Matton A, Merino-Serrais P, Parrado-Fernandez C, Rabano A, Winblad B, Ávila J, Ferrer I, Cedazo-Minguez A. Tau hyperphosphorylation induces oligomeric insulin accumulation and insulin resistance in neurons. Brain 2017; 140:3269-3285. [PMID: 29053786 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin signalling deficiencies and insulin resistance have been directly linked to the progression of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease. However, to date little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms or insulin state and distribution in the brain under pathological conditions. Here, we report that insulin is accumulated and retained as oligomers in hyperphosphorylated tau-bearing neurons in Alzheimer's disease and in several of the most prevalent human tauopathies. The intraneuronal accumulation of insulin is directly dependent on tau hyperphosphorylation, and follows the tauopathy progression. Furthermore, cells accumulating insulin show signs of insulin resistance and decreased insulin receptor levels. These results suggest that insulin retention in hyperphosphorylated tau-bearing neurons is a causative factor for the insulin resistance observed in tauopathies, and describe a novel neuropathological concept with important therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Karolinska Institutet, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Sandebring-Matton
- Karolinska Institutet, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paula Merino-Serrais
- Karolinska Institutet, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cristina Parrado-Fernandez
- Karolinska Institutet, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alberto Rabano
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Fundación CIEN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Karolinska Institutet, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesús Ávila
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Institut de Neuropatologia, Servei Anatomia Patologica, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Cedazo-Minguez
- Karolinska Institutet, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Bengoa-Vergniory N, Roberts RF, Wade-Martins R, Alegre-Abarrategui J. Alpha-synuclein oligomers: a new hope. Acta Neuropathol 2017; 134:819-838. [PMID: 28803412 PMCID: PMC5663814 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1755-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein is a protein implicated in Parkinson’s disease and thought to be one of the main pathological drivers in the disease, although it remains unclear how this protein elicits its neurotoxic effects. Recent findings indicate that the assembly of toxic oligomeric species of alpha-synuclein may be one of the key processes for the pathology and spread of the disease. The absence of a sensitive in situ detection method has hindered the study of these oligomeric species and the role they play in the human brain until recently. In this review, we assess the evidence for the toxicity and prion-like activity of oligomeric forms of alpha-synuclein and discuss the advances in our understanding of the role of alpha-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease that may be brought about by the specific and sensitive detection of distinct oligomeric species in post-mortem patient brain. Finally, we discuss current approaches being taken to therapeutically target alpha-synuclein oligomers and their implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Bengoa-Vergniory
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Rosalind F Roberts
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Richard Wade-Martins
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK.
| | - Javier Alegre-Abarrategui
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK.
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19
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Moreno-Del Álamo M, de la Espina SMD, Fernández-Tresguerres ME, Giraldo R. Pre-amyloid oligomers of the proteotoxic RepA-WH1 prionoid assemble at the bacterial nucleoid. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14669. [PMID: 26423724 PMCID: PMC4589793 DOI: 10.1038/srep14669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon binding to short specific dsDNA sequences in vitro, the N-terminal WH1 domain of the plasmid DNA replication initiator RepA assembles as amyloid fibres. These are bundles of single or double twisted tubular filaments in which distorted RepA-WH1 monomers are the building blocks. When expressed in Escherichia coli, RepA-WH1 triggers the first synthetic amyloid proteinopathy in bacteria, recapitulating some of the features of mammalian prion diseases: it is vertically transmissible, albeit non-infectious, showing up in at least two phenotypically distinct and interconvertible strains. Here we report B3h7, a monoclonal antibody specific for oligomers of RepA-WH1, but which does not recognize the mature amyloid fibres. Unlike a control polyclonal antibody generated against the soluble protein, B3h7 interferes in vitro with DNA-promoted or amyloid-seeded assembly of RepA-WH1 fibres, thus the targeted oligomers are on-pathway amyloidogenic intermediates. Immuno-electron microscopy with B3h7 on thin sections of E. coli cells expressing RepA-WH1 consistently labels the bacterial nucleoid, but not the large cytoplasmic aggregates of the protein. This observation points to the nucleoid as the place where oligomeric amyloid precursors of RepA-WH1 are generated, and suggests that, once nucleated by DNA, further growth must continue in the cytoplasm due to entropic exclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Moreno-Del Álamo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas - CSIC, Madrid E28040, Spain
| | | | | | - Rafael Giraldo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas - CSIC, Madrid E28040, Spain
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20
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Porzoor A, Caine JM, Macreadie IG. Pretreatment of chemically-synthesized Aβ42 affects its biological activity in yeast. Prion 2015; 8:404-10. [PMID: 25495906 DOI: 10.4161/19336896.2014.992275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The tendency of amyloid β (Aβ42) peptide to misfold and aggregate into insoluble amyloid fibrils in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been well documented. Accumulation of Aβ42 fibrils has been correlated with abnormal apoptosis and unscheduled cell division which can also trigger the death of neuronal cells, while oligomers can also exhibit similar activities. While investigations using chemically-synthesized Aβ42 peptide have become common practice, there appear to be differences in outcomes from different preparations. In order to resolve this inconsistency, we report 2 separate methods of preparing chemically-synthesized Aβ42 and we examined their effects in yeast. Hexafluoroisopropanol pretreatment caused toxicity while, ammonium hydroxide treated Aβ42 induced cell proliferation in both C. glabrata and S. cerevisiae. The hexafluoroisopropanol prepared Aβ42 had greater tendency to form amyloid on yeast cells as determined by thioflavin T staining followed by flow cytometry and microscopy. Both quiescent and non-quiescent cells were analyzed by these methods of peptide preparation. Non-quiescent cells were susceptible to the toxicity of Aβ42 compared with quiescent cells (p < 0.005). These data explain the discrepancy in the previous publications about the effects of chemically-synthesized Aβ42 on yeast cells. The effect of Aβ42 on yeast cells was independent of the size of the peptide aggregates. However, the Aβ42 pretreatment determined whether the molecular conformation of peptide resulted in proliferation or toxicity in yeast based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Porzoor
- a School of Applied Sciences; Biosciences ; RMIT University ; Bundoora , Victoria , Australia
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21
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Lan J, Liu J, Zhao Z, Xue R, Zhang N, Zhang P, Zhao P, Zheng F, Sun X. The peripheral blood of Aβ binding RBC as a biomarker for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Age Ageing 2015; 44:458-64. [PMID: 25673873 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afv009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND in vitro, it has been reported that amyloid β (Aβ) is bound to red blood cells (RBCs) and this process damages the red cell. Also, a possible relationship between RBCs and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is supported by the findings of RBC impairment in AD. Therefore, Aβ fibrils bounding RBC are of great interest as potential biomarkers. METHODS in this study, we focused on Aβ amyloid fibrils and/or aggregation on the peripheral RBC from 50 subjects with AD and 50 healthy controls (HCs) through thioflavin T (ThT) staining followed by immunofluorescence assay to confirm the presence of Aβ amyloid fibrils and/or aggregation on the RBC. Then we optimised fluorescence staining and imaging conditions and analysed the images obtained by image processing software. RESULTS we have analysed RBC morphology in blood from 50 subjects with AD and 50 HCs found that 16.8% of the RBCs are elongated as compared with 6.7% in normal controls (P < 0.01), and there is a negative correlation between the two parameters (P < 0.05). Our study showed that 98% of AD peripheral RBCs were amyloid binding-positive (ranging from 2 to 30%), while only 38% that of RBCs (ranging from 2 to 3.4%) were in HCs. We also found four modified morphologies of RBCs triggered by Aβ binding, which may serve as an ancillary investigation and indicate the progression of AD. CONCLUSION we first directly prove the existence of Aβ binding RBCs in peripheral blood. In addition, we observed new modified morphologies of RBC triggered by Aβ binding, all of those can serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lan
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- The Technical Center for Safety of Industrial Products of Tianjin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Xue
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Peilan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Xuguo Sun
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, Tianjin 300203, China
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22
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Kulikova AA, Makarov AA, Kozin SA. Roles of zinc ions and structural polymorphism of β-amyloid in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893315020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Cerasoli E, Ryadnov MG, Austen BM. The elusive nature and diagnostics of misfolded Aβ oligomers. Front Chem 2015; 3:17. [PMID: 25853119 PMCID: PMC4365737 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2015.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide oligomers are believed to be the causative agents of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Though post-mortem examination shows that insoluble fibrils are deposited in the brains of AD patients in the form of intracellular (tangles) and extracellular (plaques) deposits, it has been observed that cognitive impairment is linked to synaptic dysfunction in the stages of the illness well before the appearance of these mature deposits. Increasing evidence suggests that the most toxic forms of Aβ are soluble low-oligomer ligands whose amounts better correlate with the extent of cognitive loss in patients than the amounts of fibrillar insoluble forms. Therefore, these ligands hold the key to a better understanding of AD prompting the search for clearer correlations between their structure and toxicity. The importance of such correlations and their diagnostic value for the early diagnosis of AD is discussed here with a particular emphasis on the transient nature and structural plasticity of misfolded Aβ oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cerasoli
- Biotechnology Department, National Physical Laboratory Teddington, UK
| | - Maxim G Ryadnov
- Biotechnology Department, National Physical Laboratory Teddington, UK
| | - Brian M Austen
- Basic Medical Sciences, St. George's University of London London, UK
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Kim J, Cheon H, Jeong YT, Quan W, Kim KH, Cho JM, Lim YM, Oh SH, Jin SM, Kim JH, Lee MK, Kim S, Komatsu M, Kang SW, Lee MS. Amyloidogenic peptide oligomer accumulation in autophagy-deficient β cells induces diabetes. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:3311-24. [PMID: 25036705 DOI: 10.1172/jci69625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet amyloid accumulation is a hallmark of human type 2 diabetes (T2D). In contrast to human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), murine islet amyloid polypeptide (mIAPP) does not exhibit amyloidogenic propensity. Because autophagy is important in the clearance of amyloid-like proteins, we studied transgenic mice with β cell-specific expression of hIAPP to evaluate the contribution of autophagy in T2D-associated accumulation of hIAPP. In mice with β cell-specific expression of hIAPP, a deficiency in autophagy resulted in development of overt diabetes, which was not observed in mice expressing hIAPP alone or lacking autophagy alone. Furthermore, lack of autophagy in hIAPP-expressing animals resulted in hIAPP oligomer and amyloid accumulation in pancreatic islets, leading to increased death and decreased mass of β cells. Expression of hIAPP in purified monkey islet cells or a murine β cell line resulted in pro-hIAPP dimer formation, while dimer formation was absent or reduced dramatically in cells expressing either nonamyloidogenic mIAPP or nonfibrillar mutant hIAPP. In autophagy-deficient cells, accumulation of pro-hIAPP dimers increased markedly, and pro-hIAPP trimers were detected in the detergent-insoluble fraction. Enhancement of autophagy improved the metabolic profile of hIAPP-expressing mice fed a high-fat diet. These results suggest that autophagy promotes clearance of amyloidogenic hIAPP, autophagy deficiency exacerbates pathogenesis of human T2D, and autophagy enhancers have therapeutic potential for islet amyloid accumulation-associated human T2D.
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Buhimschi IA, Nayeri UA, Zhao G, Shook LL, Pensalfini A, Funai EF, Bernstein IM, Glabe CG, Buhimschi CS. Protein misfolding, congophilia, oligomerization, and defective amyloid processing in preeclampsia. Sci Transl Med 2014; 6:245ra92. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3008808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disorder of unknown etiology and a leading contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Because there is no cure other than delivery, preeclampsia is the leading cause of iatrogenic preterm birth. We show that preeclampsia shares pathophysiologic features with recognized protein misfolding disorders. These features include urine congophilia (affinity for the amyloidophilic dye Congo red), affinity for conformational state–dependent antibodies, and dysregulation of prototype proteolytic enzymes involved in amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing. Assessment of global protein misfolding load in pregnancy based on urine congophilia (Congo red dot test) carries diagnostic and prognostic potential for preeclampsia. We used conformational state–dependent antibodies to demonstrate the presence of generic supramolecular assemblies (prefibrillar oligomers and annular protofibrils), which vary in quantitative and qualitative representation with preeclampsia severity. In the first attempt to characterize the preeclampsia misfoldome, we report that the urine congophilic material includes proteoforms of ceruloplasmin, immunoglobulin free light chains, SERPINA1, albumin, interferon-inducible protein 6-16, and Alzheimer’s β-amyloid. The human placenta abundantly expresses APP along with prototype APP-processing enzymes, of which the α-secretase ADAM10, the β-secretases BACE1 and BACE2, and the γ-secretase presenilin-1 were all up-regulated in preeclampsia. The presence of β-amyloid aggregates in placentas of women with preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction further supports the notion that this condition should join the growing list of protein conformational disorders. If these aggregates play a pathophysiologic role, our findings may lead to treatment for preeclampsia.
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Olrichs NK, Mahalka AK, Kaloyanova D, Kinnunen PK, Bernd Helms J. Golgi-Associated plant Pathogenesis Related protein 1 (GAPR-1) forms amyloid-like fibrils by interaction with acidic phospholipids and inhibits Aβ aggregation. Amyloid 2014; 21:88-96. [PMID: 24471790 DOI: 10.3109/13506129.2014.882304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Golgi-Associated plant Pathogenesis Related protein 1 (GAPR-1) is a mammalian protein that is a member of the Cysteine-rich secretory proteins, Antigen 5 and Pathogenesis related proteins group 1 (CAP) superfamily of proteins. A role for the common CAP domain in the function of the diverse superfamily members has not been described so far. Here, we show by a combination of independent techniques including electron microscopy, Thioflavin T fluorescence, and circular dichroism that GAPR-1 has the capability to form amyloid-like fibrils in the presence of liposomes containing negatively charged lipids. Surprisingly, GAPR-1 was also shown to bind the amyloid-oligomer specific antibody A11 in the absence of lipids, indicating that GAPR-1 has an intrinsic tendency to form oligomers. This behavior is characteristic for proteins that interfere with Aβ aggregation and indeed we found that GAPR-1 effectively inhibited aggregation of Aβ(1-40) peptide. Immuno-dot blot analysis revealed that GAPR-1 binds to prefibrillar oligomeric Aβ structures during the early stages of fibril formation. Another CAP domain-containing protein, CRISP2, was also capable of forming fibrils, indicating that oligomerization and fibril formation is a shared characteristic between CAP family members. We suggest that the CAP domain may regulate protein oligomerization in a large variety of proteins that define the CAP superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick K Olrichs
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology and Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands and
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28
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Koo JH, Kwon IS, Kang EB, Lee CK, Lee NH, Kwon MG, Cho IH, Cho JY. Neuroprotective effects of treadmill exercise on BDNF and PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway in the cortex of transgenic mice model of Alzheimer's disease. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem 2013; 17:151-60. [PMID: 25566426 PMCID: PMC4241914 DOI: 10.5717/jenb.2013.17.4.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(AD). Although physical exercise and AD have received attention in the scientific literature, the mechanism through which treadmill exercise may impact the brain insulin signaling of AD has not been elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of treadmill exercise on apoptotic factors (Bcl-2/Bax ratio, caspase-3), HSP70, COX-2, BDNF and PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway in the cortex of NSE/hPS2m transgenic mice model of AD. Treadmill exercise ameliorated cognitive function in water maze test and significantly increased the level of Bcl-2/Bax ratio and HSP-70 in Tg-exe group compared to Tg-con group; on the other hand, it significantly decreased the expression of caspase-3 and COX-2 in Tg-exe group compared to Tg-con group. In addition, treadmill exercise significantly increased the expression of BDNF and PI3K/Akt in Tg-exe group compared to Tg-con group. Consequently, treadmill exercise improves cognitive function possibly via activating neurotrophic factor, BDNF and PI3k/Akt signaling pathway, and Aβ-induced neuronal cell death in the cortex of Tg mice was markedly suppressed following treadmill exercise. These results suggest that treadmill exercise may be beneficial in preventing or treating Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hoon Koo
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Su Kwon
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Bum Kang
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Kuk Lee
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Soon Chun Hyang University, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Nam Hee Lee
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Dan Kook University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Man Geun Kwon
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Ho Cho
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon yong Cho
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Korea
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Jensen LE, Bultynck G, Luyten T, Amijee H, Bootman MD, Roderick HL. Alzheimer's disease-associated peptide Aβ42 mobilizes ER Ca(2+) via InsP3R-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Front Mol Neurosci 2013; 6:36. [PMID: 24204331 PMCID: PMC3817845 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2013.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis is considered to contribute to the toxic action of the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated amyloid-β-peptide (Aβ). Ca2+ fluxes across the plasma membrane and release from intracellular stores have both been reported to underlie the Ca2+ fluxes induced by Aβ42. Here, we investigated the contribution of Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the effects of Aβ42 upon Ca2+ homeostasis and the mechanism by which Aβ42 elicited these effects. Consistent with previous reports, application of soluble oligomeric forms of Aβ42 induced an elevation in intracellular Ca2+. The Aβ42-stimulated Ca2+ signals persisted in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ indicating a significant contribution of Ca2+ release from the ER Ca2+ store to the generation of these signals. Moreover, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) signaling contributed to Aβ42-stimulated Ca2+ release. The Ca2+ mobilizing effect of Aβ42 was also observed when applied to permeabilized cells deficient in InsP3 receptors, revealing an additional direct effect of Aβ42 upon the ER, and a mechanism for induction of toxicity by intracellular Aβ42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Jensen
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus Babraham, Cambridge, UK
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Gidalevitz T, Stevens F, Argon Y. Orchestration of secretory protein folding by ER chaperones. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2013; 1833:2410-24. [PMID: 23507200 PMCID: PMC3729627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum is a major compartment of protein biogenesis in the cell, dedicated to production of secretory, membrane and organelle proteins. The secretome has distinct structural and post-translational characteristics, since folding in the ER occurs in an environment that is distinct in terms of its ionic composition, dynamics and requirements for quality control. The folding machinery in the ER therefore includes chaperones and folding enzymes that introduce, monitor and react to disulfide bonds, glycans, and fluctuations of luminal calcium. We describe the major chaperone networks in the lumen and discuss how they have distinct modes of operation that enable cells to accomplish highly efficient production of the secretome. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Functional and structural diversity of endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tali Gidalevitz
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Drexel University, 418 Papadakis Integrated Science Bldg, 3245 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | - Yair Argon
- Division of Cell Pathology, Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, 3615 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA, , Phone: 267-426-5131, Fax: 267-426-5165)
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Calvillo M, Diaz A, Limon DI, Mayoral MA, Chánez-Cárdenas ME, Zenteno E, Montaño LF, Guevara J, Espinosa B. Amyloid-β(25-35) induces a permanent phosphorylation of HSF-1, but a transitory and inflammation-independent overexpression of Hsp-70 in C6 astrocytoma cells. Neuropeptides 2013; 47:339-46. [PMID: 23850171 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two hallmarks of Alzheimer diseases are the continuous inflammatory process, and the brain deposit of Amyloid b (Aβ), a cytotoxic protein. The intracellular accumulation of Aβ(25-35) fractions, in the absence of Heat Shock proteins (Hsṕs), could be responsible for its cytotoxic activity. As, pro-inflammatory mediators and nitric oxide control the expression of Hsṕs, our aim was to investigate the effect of Aβ(25-35) on the concentration of IL-1β, TNF-α and nitrite levels, and their relation to pHSF-1, Hsp-60, -70 and -90 expressions, in the rat C6 astrocyte cells. Interleukin-specific ELISA kits, immunohistochemistry with monoclonal anti-Hsp and anti pHSF-1 antibodies, and histochemistry techniques, were used. Our results showed that Aβ25-35 treatment of C6 cells increased, significantly and consistently the concentration of IL-1β, TNF-α and nitrite 3 days after initiating treatment. The immunoreactivity of C6 cells to Hsp-70 reached its peak after 3 days of treatment followed by an abrupt decrease, as opposed to Hsp-60 and -90 expressions that showed an initial and progressive increase after 3 days of Aβ(25-35) treatment. pHSF-1 was identified throughout the experimental period. Nevertheless, progressive and sustained cell death was observed during all the treatment times and it was not caspase-3 dependent. Our results suggest that Hsp-70 temporary expression serves as a trigger to inhibit casapase-3 pathway and allow the expression of Hsp-60 and -90 in C6 astrocytoma cells stimulated with Aβ(25-35).
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Affiliation(s)
- Minerva Calvillo
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "MVS", Mexico D.F. 14059, Mexico
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Hou LN, Xu JR, Zhao QN, Gao XL, Cui YY, Xu J, Wang H, Chen HZ. A new motif in the N-terminal of acetylcholinesterase triggers amyloid-β aggregation and deposition. CNS Neurosci Ther 2013; 20:59-66. [PMID: 23981668 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE As a molecular chaperone, acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE has been indicated as the amyloid-β (Aβ) binding domain. The goal of this study was to determine other motifs in AChE involved in Aβ aggregation and deposition. METHODS AND RESULTS The β-hairpin in monomeric Aβ is the key motif of nucleation-dependent Aβ self-aggregation. As AChE could induce Aβ aggregation and deposition, we searched AChE for β-hairpin structures. In A11-specific dot blot assay, AChE was detected by an oligomer-specific antibody A11, implying the existence of β-hairpin structures in AChE as β-hairpin was the core motif of oligomers. A molecular superimposing approach further revealed that the N-terminal region, from Glu7 to Ile20, in AChE (AChE 7-20) was similar to the β-hairpin domain in Aβ. The results of further dot blot assays, thioflavin T fluorescence assays, and electron microscopy imaging experiments, indicated that the N-terminal synthetic peptide AChE7-20 had nearly the same ability as AChE with regard to triggering Aβ aggregation and deposition. CONCLUSIONS AChE 7-20, a β-hairpin region in AChE, might be a new motif in AChE capable of triggering Aβ aggregation and deposition. This finding will be helpful to design new and more effective Aβ aggregation inhibitors for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Cohen RM, Rezai-Zadeh K, Weitz TM, Rentsendorj A, Gate D, Spivak I, Bholat Y, Vasilevko V, Glabe CG, Breunig JJ, Rakic P, Davtyan H, Agadjanyan MG, Kepe V, Barrio JR, Bannykh S, Szekely CA, Pechnick RN, Town T. A transgenic Alzheimer rat with plaques, tau pathology, behavioral impairment, oligomeric aβ, and frank neuronal loss. J Neurosci 2013; 33:6245-56. [PMID: 23575824 PMCID: PMC3720142 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3672-12.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is hallmarked by amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and widespread cortical neuronal loss (Selkoe, 2001). The "amyloid cascade hypothesis" posits that cerebral amyloid sets neurotoxic events into motion that precipitate Alzheimer dementia (Hardy and Allsop, 1991). Yet, faithful recapitulation of all AD features in widely used transgenic (Tg) mice engineered to overproduce Aβ peptides has been elusive. We have developed a Tg rat model (line TgF344-AD) expressing mutant human amyloid precursor protein (APPsw) and presenilin 1 (PS1ΔE9) genes, each independent causes of early-onset familial AD. TgF344-AD rats manifest age-dependent cerebral amyloidosis that precedes tauopathy, gliosis, apoptotic loss of neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, and cognitive disturbance. These results demonstrate progressive neurodegeneration of the Alzheimer type in these animals. The TgF344-AD rat fills a critical need for a next-generation animal model to enable basic and translational AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Cohen
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences
- S. Mark Taper Imaging Center
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
| | - Kavon Rezai-Zadeh
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, and
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Tara M. Weitz
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, and
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Altan Rentsendorj
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, and
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - David Gate
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, and
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Inna Spivak
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences
| | - Yasmin Bholat
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences
| | - Vitaly Vasilevko
- Departments of Neurology and
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Charles G. Glabe
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, and
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
| | | | - Pasko Rakic
- Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
- Department of Molecular Immunology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, California 92647
| | - Michael G. Agadjanyan
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
- Department of Molecular Immunology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, California 92647
| | | | | | - Serguei Bannykh
- Departments of Pathology and
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
| | - Christine A. Szekely
- Medicine and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Robert N. Pechnick
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Terrence Town
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, and
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, and
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Cao P, Marek P, Noor H, Patsalo V, Tu LH, Wang H, Abedini A, Raleigh DP. Islet amyloid: from fundamental biophysics to mechanisms of cytotoxicity. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:1106-18. [PMID: 23380070 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic islet amyloid is a characteristic feature of type 2 diabetes. The major protein component of islet amyloid is the polypeptide hormone known as islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP, or amylin). IAPP is stored with insulin in the β-cell secretory granules and is released in response to the stimuli that lead to insulin secretion. IAPP is normally soluble and is natively unfolded in its monomeric state, but forms islet amyloid in type 2 diabetes. Islet amyloid is not the cause of type 2 diabetes, but it leads to β-cell dysfunction and cell death, and contributes to the failure of islet cell transplantation. The mechanism of IAPP amyloid formation is not understood and the mechanisms of cytotoxicity are not fully defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA
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35
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Gallion SL. Modeling amyloid-beta as homogeneous dodecamers and in complex with cellular prion protein. PLoS One 2012; 7:e49375. [PMID: 23145167 PMCID: PMC3493521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide has been linked to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. A variety of soluble oligomers have been observed to be toxic, ranging from dimers to protofibrils. No tertiary structure has been identified as a single biologically relevant form, though many models are comprised of highly ordered β-sheets. Evidence exists for much less ordered toxic oligomers. The mechanism of toxicity remains highly debated and probably involves multiple pathways. Interaction of Aβ oligomers with the N-terminus of the cellular form of the prion protein (PrP(c)) has recently been proposed. The intrinsically disordered nature of this protein and the highly polymorphic nature of Aβ oligomers make structural resolution of the complex exceptionally challenging. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations are performed for dodecameric assemblies of Aβ comprised of monomers having a single, short antiparallel β-hairpin at the C-terminus. The resulting models, devoid of any intermolecular hydrogen bonds, are shown to correlate well with experimental data and are found to be quite stable within the hydrophobic core, whereas the α-helical N-termini transform to a random coil state. This indicates that highly ordered assemblies are not required for stability and less ordered oligomers are a viable component in the population of soluble oligomers. In addition, a tentative model is proposed for the association of Aβ dimers with a double deletion mutant of the intrinsically disordered N-terminus of PrP(c). This may be useful as a conceptual working model for the binding of higher order oligomers and in the design of further experiments.
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PENG MX, ZHANG HW, CHEN BA. Main signal pathways underlying the molecular mechanisms of the antitumor effects of wogonin. Chin J Nat Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(12)60079-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Suzuki Y, Brender JR, Hartman K, Ramamoorthy A, G. Marsh EN. Alternative pathways of human islet amyloid polypeptide aggregation distinguished by (19)f nuclear magnetic resonance-detected kinetics of monomer consumption. Biochemistry 2012; 51:8154-62. [PMID: 22998665 PMCID: PMC3543753 DOI: 10.1021/bi3012548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid formation, a complex process involving many intermediate states, is proposed to be the driving force for amyloid-related toxicity in common degenerative diseases. Unfortunately, the details of this process have been obscured by the limitations in the methods that can follow this reaction in real time. We show that alternative pathways of aggregation can be distinguished by using (19)F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to monitor monomer consumption along with complementary measurements of fibrillogenesis. The utility of this technique is demonstrated by tracking amyloid formation in the diabetes-related islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). Using this technique, we show IAPP fibrillizes without an appreciable buildup of nonfibrillar intermediates, in contrast to the well-studied Aβ and α-synuclein proteins. To further develop the usage of (19)F NMR, we have tracked the influence of the polyphenolic amyloid inhibitor epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on the aggregation pathway. Polyphenols have been shown to strongly inhibit amyloid formation in many systems. However, spectroscopic measurements of amyloid inhibition by these compounds can be severely compromised by background signals and competitive binding with extrinsic probes. Using (19)F NMR, we show that thioflavin T strongly competes with EGCG for binding sites on IAPP fibers. By comparing the rates of monomer consumption and fiber formation, we are able to show that EGCG stabilizes nonfibrillar large aggregates during fibrillogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | | | - Kevin Hartman
- Department of Biophysics University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Biophysics University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - E. Neil G. Marsh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Bruggink KA, Jongbloed W, Biemans EALM, Veerhuis R, Claassen JAHR, Kuiperij HB, Verbeek MM. Amyloid-β oligomer detection by ELISA in cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue. Anal Biochem 2012; 433:112-20. [PMID: 23022042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2012.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits are important pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ aggregates into fibrils; however, the intermediate oligomers are believed to be the most neurotoxic species and, therefore, are of great interest as potential biomarkers. Here, we have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) specific for Aβ oligomers by using the same capture and (labeled) detection antibody. The ELISA predominantly recognizes relatively small oligomers (10-25 kDa) and not monomers. In brain tissue of APP/PS1 transgenic mice, we found that Aβ oligomer levels increase with age. However, for measurements in human samples, pretreatment to remove human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMAs) was required. In HAMA-depleted human hippocampal extracts, the Aβ oligomer concentration was significantly increased in AD compared with nondemented controls. Aβ oligomer levels could also be quantified in pretreated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples; however, no difference was detected between AD and control groups. Our data suggest that levels of small oligomers might not be suitable as biomarkers for AD. In addition, we demonstrate the importance of avoiding HAMA interference in assays to quantify Aβ oligomers in human body fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim A Bruggink
- Department of Neurology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Arai H, Glabe C, Luecke H. Crystal structure of a conformation-dependent rabbit IgG Fab specific for amyloid prefibrillar oligomers. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:1908-14. [PMID: 22940003 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although rabbit antibodies are widely used in research, no structures of rabbit antigen-binding fragments (Fab) have been reported. M204 is a rabbit monoclonal antibody that recognizes a generic epitope that is common to prefibrillar amyloid oligomers formed from many different amyloidogenic sequences. Amyloid oligomers are widely suspected to be a primary causative agent of pathogenesis in several age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. The detailed structure of these amyloid oligomers is not known nor is the mechanism for the recognition of the generic epitope by conformation-dependent monoclonal antibodies. METHOD As a first approach to understanding the mechanism of conformation-dependent antibody recognition, we have crystallized the Fab of M204. RESULTS We have determined the structure of the Fab of M204 at 1.54Å resolution. The crystal structure reveals details of the M204 antigen combining site and features unique to rabbit Fabs such as an interdomain disulfide bond on its light chain. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Based on the structural features of the antigen-combining site of the M204, we rule out a "steric zipper" formation, as found in numerous amyloid fibril structures, as a mechanism of antibody-antigen recognition. The details of the first rabbit immunoglobulin Fab structure might also be useful for exploiting the potential of rabbit monoclonal antibodies for the development of humanized rabbit antibodies as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Arai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Tsukakoshi K, Abe K, Sode K, Ikebukuro K. Selection of DNA aptamers that recognize α-synuclein oligomers using a competitive screening method. Anal Chem 2012; 84:5542-7. [PMID: 22697251 DOI: 10.1021/ac300330g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-syn) oligomers are considered major molecules responsible for the onset of Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. α-Syn oligomers thus serve as an important target for the development of drugs and diagnostic tests for neurodegenerative diseases. In this paper we report on the identification of DNA aptamers that bind to soluble α-syn oligomers. A competitive screening method based on aptamer blotting was used for the selection of α-syn oligomer-specific aptamers. This approach resulted in the identification of eight aptamers that specifically bind to α-syn oligomers among α-syn monomers, oligomers, and fibrils. Interestingly, the aptamers also bound to amyloid β oligomers, which are strongly associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease. The results of this study support the hypothesis that amyloid oligomers share a common structure. Oligomer-binding aptamers may serve as powerful analytical tools for the design and development of drugs and diagnostic tests for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Tsukakoshi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
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41
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Soty M, Visa M, Soriano S, Carmona MDC, Nadal Á, Novials A. Involvement of ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels in the loss of beta-cell function induced by human islet amyloid polypeptide. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:40857-66. [PMID: 21984830 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.232801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is a major component of amyloid deposition in pancreatic islets of patients with type 2 diabetes. It is known that IAPP can inhibit glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; however, the mechanisms of action have not yet been established. In the present work, using a rat pancreatic beta-cell line, INS1E, we have created an in vitro model that stably expressed human IAPP gene (hIAPP cells). These cells showed intracellular oligomers and a strong alteration of glucose-stimulated insulin and IAPP secretion. Taking advantage of this model, we investigated the mechanism by which IAPP altered beta-cell secretory response and contributed to the development of type 2 diabetes. We have measured the intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization in response to different secretagogues as well as mitochondrial metabolism. The study of calcium signals in hIAPP cells demonstrated an absence of response to glucose and also to tolbutamide, indicating a defect in ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels. Interestingly, hIAPP showed a greater maximal respiratory capacity than control cells. These data were confirmed by an increased mitochondrial membrane potential in hIAPP cells under glucose stimulation, leading to an elevated reactive oxygen species level as compared with control cells. We concluded that the hIAPP overexpression inhibits insulin and IAPP secretion in response to glucose affecting the activity of K(ATP) channels and that the increased mitochondrial metabolism is a compensatory response to counteract the secretory defect of beta-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Soty
- Diabetes and Obesity Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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Evans ML, Schmidt JC, Ilbert M, Doyle SM, Quan S, Bardwell JCA, Jakob U, Wickner S, Chapman MR. E. coli chaperones DnaK, Hsp33 and Spy inhibit bacterial functional amyloid assembly. Prion 2011; 5:323-34. [PMID: 22156728 PMCID: PMC3821533 DOI: 10.4161/pri.18555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid formation is an ordered aggregation process, where β-sheet rich polymers are assembled from unstructured or partially folded monomers. We examined how two Escherichia coli cytosolic chaperones, DnaK and Hsp33, and a more recently characterized periplasmic chaperone, Spy, modulate the aggregation of a functional amyloid protein, CsgA. We found that DnaK, the Hsp70 homologue in E. coli, and Hsp33, a redox-regulated holdase, potently inhibited CsgA amyloidogenesis. The Hsp33 anti-amyloidogenesis activity was oxidation dependent, as oxidized Hsp33 was significantly more efficient than reduced Hsp33 at preventing CsgA aggregation. When soluble CsgA was seeded with preformed amyloid fibers, neither Hsp33 nor DnaK were able to efficiently prevent soluble CsgA from adopting the amyloid conformation. Moreover, both DnaK and Hsp33 increased the time that CsgA was reactive with the amyloid oligomer conformation-specific A11 antibody. Since CsgA must also pass through the periplasm during secretion, we assessed the ability of the periplasmic chaperone Spy to inhibit CsgA polymerization. Like DnaK and Hsp33, Spy also inhibited CsgA polymerization in vitro. Overexpression of Spy resulted in increased chaperone activity in periplasmic extracts and in reduced curli biogenesis in vivo. We propose that DnaK, Hsp33 and Spy exert their effects during the nucleation stages of CsgA fibrillation. Thus, both housekeeping and stress induced cytosolic and periplasmic chaperones may be involved in discouraging premature CsgA interactions during curli biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margery L Evans
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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43
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Evans ML, Schmidt JC, Ilbert M, Doyle SM, Quan S, Bardwell JCA, Jakob U, Wickner S, Chapman MR. E. coli chaperones DnaK, Hsp33 and Spy inhibit bacterial functional amyloid assembly. Prion 2011. [PMID: 22156728 DOI: 10.4161/pri.5.4.18555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid formation is an ordered aggregation process, where β-sheet rich polymers are assembled from unstructured or partially folded monomers. We examined how two Escherichia coli cytosolic chaperones, DnaK and Hsp33, and a more recently characterized periplasmic chaperone, Spy, modulate the aggregation of a functional amyloid protein, CsgA. We found that DnaK, the Hsp70 homologue in E. coli, and Hsp33, a redox-regulated holdase, potently inhibited CsgA amyloidogenesis. The Hsp33 anti-amyloidogenesis activity was oxidation dependent, as oxidized Hsp33 was significantly more efficient than reduced Hsp33 at preventing CsgA aggregation. When soluble CsgA was seeded with preformed amyloid fibers, neither Hsp33 nor DnaK were able to efficiently prevent soluble CsgA from adopting the amyloid conformation. Moreover, both DnaK and Hsp33 increased the time that CsgA was reactive with the amyloid oligomer conformation-specific A11 antibody. Since CsgA must also pass through the periplasm during secretion, we assessed the ability of the periplasmic chaperone Spy to inhibit CsgA polymerization. Like DnaK and Hsp33, Spy also inhibited CsgA polymerization in vitro. Overexpression of Spy resulted in increased chaperone activity in periplasmic extracts and in reduced curli biogenesis in vivo. We propose that DnaK, Hsp33 and Spy exert their effects during the nucleation stages of CsgA fibrillation. Thus, both housekeeping and stress induced cytosolic and periplasmic chaperones may be involved in discouraging premature CsgA interactions during curli biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margery L Evans
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Kumar S, Walter J. Phosphorylation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides - a trigger for formation of toxic aggregates in Alzheimer's disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2011; 3:803-12. [PMID: 21869458 PMCID: PMC3184981 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and associated with the progressive accumulation of amyloid β-peptides (Aβ) in form of extracellular amyloid plaques in the human brain. A critical role of Aβ in the pathogenesis of AD is strongly supported by gene mutations that cause early-onset familial forms of the disease. Such mutations have been identified in the APP gene itself and in presenilin 1 and 2. Importantly, all the identified mutations commonly lead to early deposition of extracellular plaques likely by increasing the generation and/or aggregation of Aβ. However, such mutations are very rare and molecular mechanisms that might trigger aggregation and deposition of Aβ, in the most common late onset AD are largely unknown. We recently demonstrated that extracellular Aβ undergoes phosphorylation by a cell surface-localized or secreted form of protein kinase A. The phosphorylation of serine residue 8 promotes aggregation by stabilization of β-sheet conformation of Aβ and increased formation of oligomeric Aβ aggregates that represent nuclei for fibrillization. Phosphorylated Aβ was detected in the brains of transgenic mice and human AD brains and showed increased toxicity in Drosophila models as compared with non-phosphorylated Aβ. Together, these findings demonstrate a novel molecular mechanism that triggers aggregation and toxicity of Aβ. Thus, phosphorylation of Aβ could be relevant in the pathogenesis of late onset AD. The identification of extracellular protein kinase A should also stimulate pharmacological approaches to decrease Aβ phosphorylation in the therapy and/or prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Kumar
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Walter
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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45
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Suppression of Alzheimer's disease-related phenotypes by expression of heat shock protein 70 in mice. J Neurosci 2011; 31:5225-34. [PMID: 21471357 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5478-10.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ is generated by proteolysis of β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and is cleared by enzyme-mediated degradation and phagocytosis by microglia and astrocytes. Some cytokines, such as TGF-β1, stimulate this phagocytosis. In contrast, cellular upregulation of HSP70 expression provides cytoprotection against Aβ. HSP70 activity in relation to inhibition of Aβ oligomerization and stimulation of Aβ phagocytosis has also been reported. Although these in vitro results suggest that stimulating the expression of HSP70 could prove effective in the treatment of AD, there is a lack of in vivo evidence supporting this notion. In this study, we address this issue, using transgenic mice expressing HSP70 and/or a mutant form of APP (APPsw). Transgenic mice expressing APPsw showed less of an apparent cognitive deficit when they were crossed with transgenic mice expressing HSP70. Transgenic mice expressing HSP70 also displayed lower levels of Aβ, Aβ plaque deposition, and neuronal and synaptic loss than control mice. Immunoblotting experiments and direct measurement of β- and γ-secretase activity suggested that overexpression of HSP70 does not affect the production Aβ. In contrast, HSP70 overexpression did lead to upregulation of the expression of Aβ-degrading enzyme and TGF-β1 both in vivo and in vitro. These results suggest that overexpression of HSP70 in mice suppresses not only the pathological but also the functional phenotypes of AD. This study provides the first in vivo evidence confirming the potential therapeutic benefit of HSP70 for the prevention or treatment of AD.
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46
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Yam AY, Wang X, Gao CM, Connolly MD, Zuckermann RN, Bleu T, Hall J, Fedynyshyn JP, Allauzen S, Peretz D, Salisbury CM. A Universal Method for Detection of Amyloidogenic Misfolded Proteins. Biochemistry 2011; 50:4322-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bi200215j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Y. Yam
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Carol Man Gao
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Michael D. Connolly
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Ronald N. Zuckermann
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Thieu Bleu
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - John Hall
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Joseph P. Fedynyshyn
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Sophie Allauzen
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - David Peretz
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Cleo M. Salisbury
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
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Yu JS, Kim AK. Wogonin induces apoptosis by activation of ERK and p38 MAPKs signaling pathways and generation of reactive oxygen species in human breast cancer cells. Mol Cells 2011; 31:327-35. [PMID: 21448585 PMCID: PMC3933962 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-011-0041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Wogonin is a one of the bioactive compounds of Scutellaria baicalensi Georgi which has been shown to have antiinflammatory, anticancer, antiviral and neuroprotective effects. However, the underlying mechanisms by which wogonin induces apoptosis in cancer cells still remain speculative. Here we investigated the potential activation of MAPKs and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by wogonin on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. These results showed that wogonin induced mitochondria and death-receptor-mediated apoptotic cell death, which was characterized by activation of several caspases, induction of PARP cleavage, change of antiapoptotic/proapoptotic Bcl-2 family member ratios and cleavage of Bid. We also found that generation of ROS was an important mediator in wogonin-induced apoptosis. Further investigation revealed that wogonin activated ERK and p38 MAPKs, which was inhibited by N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, indicating that wogonin-induced ROS are associated with MAPKs activation. These data demonstrate that wogonin may be a novel anticancer agent for treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - An Keun Kim
- Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
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48
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Lotz GP, Legleiter J, Aron R, Mitchell EJ, Huang SY, Ng C, Glabe C, Thompson LM, Muchowski PJ. Hsp70 and Hsp40 functionally interact with soluble mutant huntingtin oligomers in a classic ATP-dependent reaction cycle. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:38183-93. [PMID: 20864533 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.160218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inclusion bodies of aggregated mutant huntingtin (htt) fragments are a neuropathological hallmark of Huntington disease (HD). The molecular chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp40 colocalize to inclusion bodies and are neuroprotective in HD animal models. How these chaperones suppress mutant htt toxicity is unclear but might involve direct effects on mutant htt misfolding and aggregation. Using size exclusion chromatography and atomic force microscopy, we found that mutant htt fragments assemble into soluble oligomeric species with a broad size distribution, some of which reacted with the conformation-specific antibody A11. Hsp70 associated with A11-reactive oligomers in an Hsp40- and ATP-dependent manner and inhibited their formation coincident with suppression of caspase 3 activity in PC12 cells. Thus, Hsp70 and Hsp40 (DNAJB1) dynamically target specific subsets of soluble oligomers in a classic ATP-dependent reaction cycle, supporting a pathogenic role for these structures in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor P Lotz
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
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49
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Broersen K, Rousseau F, Schymkowitz J. The culprit behind amyloid beta peptide related neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease: oligomer size or conformation? ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2010; 2:12. [PMID: 20642866 PMCID: PMC2949586 DOI: 10.1186/alzrt36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the reformulation of the amyloid cascade hypothesis to focus on oligomeric aggregates of amyloid beta as the prime toxic species causing Alzheimer's disease, many researchers refocused on detecting a specific molecular assembly of defined size thatis the main trigger of Alzheimer's disease. The result has been the identification of a host of molecular assemblies containing from two up to a hundred molecules of the amyloid beta peptide, which were all found to impair memory formation in mice. This clearly demonstrates that size is insufficient to define toxicity and peptide conformation has to be taken into account. In this review we discuss the interplay between oligomer size and peptide conformation as the key determinants of the neurotoxicity of the amyloid beta peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerensa Broersen
- Switch Laboratory, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB) and Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
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Zraika S, Hull RL, Verchere CB, Clark A, Potter KJ, Fraser PE, Raleigh DP, Kahn SE. Toxic oligomers and islet beta cell death: guilty by association or convicted by circumstantial evidence? Diabetologia 2010; 53:1046-56. [PMID: 20182863 PMCID: PMC3164873 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 12/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease characterised by islet amyloid deposits in the majority of patients. Amyloid formation is considered a significant factor in deterioration of islet function and reduction in beta cell mass, and involves aggregation of monomers of the normally soluble beta cell peptide, human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) into oligomers, fibrils and, ultimately, mature amyloid deposits. Despite extensive in vitro studies, the process of hIAPP aggregation in vivo is poorly understood, though it is widely reported to promote cytotoxicity. Recently, studies have suggested that only the early stages of fibril assembly, and in particular small hIAPP oligomers, are responsible for beta cell cytotoxicity. This challenges the prior concept that newly formed fibrils and/or mature fibrillar amyloid are cytotoxic. Herein, evidence both for and against the toxic hIAPP oligomer hypothesis is presented; from this, it is apparent that what exactly causes beta cell death when hIAPP aggregates remains debatable. Moreover, substantially more work with more specific reagents and techniques than are currently available will be required to identify conclusively the toxic species resulting from hIAPP aggregation. Keeping an open mind on the nature of the cytotoxic insult has implications for therapeutic developments and clinical care in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zraika
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, 1660 South Columbian Way (151), Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
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