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Abella L, D'Adamo E, Strozzi M, Botondi V, Abella E, Cassinari M, Mazzucco L, Maconi A, Testa M, Zanelli C, Patacchiola R, Librandi M, Osmelli J, Carabotta M, Chiarelli F, Gazzolo D. Early changes in S100B maternal blood levels can predict fetal intrauterine growth restriction. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:2205-2211. [PMID: 37366015 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) represents one of the main causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Nowadays, IUGR early diagnosis is mandatory in order to limit the occurrence of multiorgan failure, especially the brain. Therefore, we investigated whether longitudinal S100B assessment in maternal blood could be a trustable predictor of IUGR. METHODS We conducted a prospective study in 480 pregnancies (IUGR: n=40; small for gestational age, SGA: n=40; controls: n=400) in whom S100B was measured at three predetermined monitoring time-points (T1: 8-18 GA; T2: 19-23 GA; T3: 24-28 GA). RESULTS Lower S100B in IUGR fetuses than SGA and controls (p<0.05, for all) at T1-T3. Receiver operating characteristic curve showed that S100B at T1 was the best predictor of IUGR (sensitivity: 100 %; specificity: 81.4 %) than T2, T3. CONCLUSIONS The early lower S100B concentration in pregnant women lately complicated by IUGR support the notion that non-invasive early IUGR diagnosis and monitoring is becoming feasible. Results open the way to further studies aimed at diagnosing and monitoring fetal/maternal diseases at earliest time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ebe D'Adamo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Strozzi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio, C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Valentina Botondi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Cassinari
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio, C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Laura Mazzucco
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio, C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Antonio Maconi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio, C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Michela Testa
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio, C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Cristian Zanelli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio, C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | | | | | - Jacopo Osmelli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maura Carabotta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Diego Gazzolo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
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Yip PK, Bremang M, Pike I, Ponnusamy V, Michael-Titus AT, Shah DK. Newborns with Favourable Outcomes after Perinatal Asphyxia Have Upregulated Glucose Metabolism-Related Proteins in Plasma. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1471. [PMID: 37892154 PMCID: PMC10604898 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Although mild therapeutic hypothermia (TH) may improve outcomes in selected babies, the mechanism of action is not fully understood. A proteomics discovery study was carried out to analyse proteins in the plasma of newborns with HIE. Proteomic analysis of plasma from 22 newborns with moderate-severe HIE that had initially undergone TH, and relative controls including 10 newborns with mild HIE who did not warrant TH and also cord blood from 10 normal births (non-HIE) were carried out using the isobaric Tandem Mass Tag (TMT®) 10plexTM labelling with tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 7818 unique peptides were identified in all TMT10plexTM samples, translating to 3457 peptides representing 405 proteins, after applying stringent filter criteria. Apart from the unique protein signature from normal cord blood, unsupervised analysis revealed several significantly regulated proteins in the TH-treated moderate-severe HIE group. GO annotation and functional clustering revealed various proteins associated with glucose metabolism: the enzymes fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerate mutase 1, phosphoglycerate kinase 1, and pyruvate kinase PKM were upregulated in newborns with favourable (sHIE+) outcomes compared to newborns with unfavourable (sHIE-) outcomes. Those with favourable outcomes had normal MR imaging or mild abnormalities not predictive of adverse outcomes. However, in comparison to mild HIE and the sHIE- groups, the sHIE+ group had the additional glucose metabolism-related enzymes upregulated, including triosephosphate isomerase, α-enolase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, transaldolase, and mitochondrial glutathione reductase. In conclusion, our plasma proteomic study demonstrates that TH-treated newborns with favourable outcomes have an upregulation in glucose metabolism. These findings may open new avenues for more effective neuroprotective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping K. Yip
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK; (V.P.); (A.T.M.-T.); (D.K.S.)
| | - Michael Bremang
- Proteome Sciences PLC, Coveham House, Surrey KT11 3EP, UK (I.P.)
| | - Ian Pike
- Proteome Sciences PLC, Coveham House, Surrey KT11 3EP, UK (I.P.)
| | - Vennila Ponnusamy
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK; (V.P.); (A.T.M.-T.); (D.K.S.)
- St. Peter’s Hospital (Ashford and St. Peter’s Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), Chertsey KT16 0PZ, UK
| | - Adina T. Michael-Titus
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK; (V.P.); (A.T.M.-T.); (D.K.S.)
| | - Divyen K. Shah
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK; (V.P.); (A.T.M.-T.); (D.K.S.)
- Neonatal Unit, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London E1 1FR, UK
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Perrone S, Grassi F, Caporilli C, Boscarino G, Carbone G, Petrolini C, Gambini LM, Di Peri A, Moretti S, Buonocore G, Esposito SMR. Brain Damage in Preterm and Full-Term Neonates: Serum Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis and Intervention. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020309. [PMID: 36829868 PMCID: PMC9952571 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The Brain is vulnerable to numerous insults that can act in the pre-, peri-, and post-natal period. There is growing evidence that demonstrate how oxidative stress (OS) could represent the final common pathway of all these insults. Fetuses and newborns are particularly vulnerable to OS due to their inability to active the antioxidant defenses. Specific molecules involved in OS could be measured in biologic fluids as early biomarkers of neonatal brain injury with an essential role in neuroprotection. Although S-100B seems to be the most studied biomarker, its use in clinical practice is limited by the complexity of brain damage etiopathogenesis and the time of blood sampling in relation to the brain injury. Reliable early specific serum markers are currently lacking in clinical practice. It is essential to determine if there are specific biomarkers that can help caregivers to monitor the progression of the disease in order to active an early neuroprotective strategy. We aimed to describe, in an educational review, the actual evidence on serum biomarkers for the early identification of newborns at a high risk of neurological diseases. To move the biomarkers from the bench to the bedside, the assays must be not only be of a high sensitivity but suitable for the very rapid processing and return of the results for the clinical practice to act on. For the best prognosis, more studies should focus on the association of these biomarkers to the type and severity of perinatal brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serafina Perrone
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Federica Grassi
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Caporilli
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boscarino
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Giulia Carbone
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Petrolini
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Lucia Maria Gambini
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Peri
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Sabrina Moretti
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Buonocore
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Koce M, Jerin A, Plut D, Erčulj V, Kornhauser Cerar L, Grosek S. No increase in GFAP and S-100B in very preterm infants with mild periventricular leukomalacia or intraventricular hemorrhage: a pilot study. Croat Med J 2022; 63:564-569. [PMID: 36597568 PMCID: PMC9837718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the serum levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100B in very preterm infants with and without periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and/or intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). METHODS The study enrolled preterm infants born between 23 and 32 weeks of gestation admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Medical Center Ljubljana. PVL and IVH were determined with cranial ultrasound. Peripheral blood was collected in the first 24 hours after delivery and once between days 4 to 7. GFAP and S-100B concentrations were measured in serum samples. Infants with PVL or IVH were compared with infants without PVL or IVH. RESULTS Of 40 patients (mean gestational age 29.4 weeks), 7 had IVH and/or PVL. S-100B was detectable in peripheral blood in all patients at every measurement. In the group with IVH or PVL, the median S-100B at the first sampling was 0.43 (IQR 0.29-0.60) ng/mL, and 0.40 (IQR 0.33-1.01) ng/mL at the second sampling. In the group without PVL or IVH, it was 0.40 (IQR 0.29-0.6) ng/mL at the first sampling and 0.43 (IQR 0.34-0.62) ng/mL at the second sampling. The median GFAP was 0 regardless of the group and sampling time. The groups did not significantly differ in serum GFAP or S-100B levels. CONCLUSION Peripheral blood levels of GFAP and S-100B were not significantly increased in very preterm infants that developed PVL or IVH. The predictive value of GFAP and S-100B as biomarkers of neonatal brain injury should be further explored in a larger cohort of neonates with more extensive IVH or PVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Koce
- University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Jerin
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domen Plut
- Institute of Radiology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vanja Erčulj
- Rho Sigma Research & Statistics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lilijana Kornhauser Cerar
- Neonatology Section, Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stefan Grosek
- Neonatology Section, Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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5
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Koce M, Jerin A, Plut D, Erčulj V, Kornhauser Cerar L, Grosek S. No increase in GFAP and S-100B in very preterm infants with mild periventricular leukomalacia or intraventricular hemorrhage: a pilot study. Croat Med J 2022; 63. [PMID: 36597568 PMCID: PMC9837718 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2022.63.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the serum levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100B in very preterm infants with and without periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and/or intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). METHODS The study enrolled preterm infants born between 23 and 32 weeks of gestation admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Medical Center Ljubljana. PVL and IVH were determined with cranial ultrasound. Peripheral blood was collected in the first 24 hours after delivery and once between days 4 to 7. GFAP and S-100B concentrations were measured in serum samples. Infants with PVL or IVH were compared with infants without PVL or IVH. RESULTS Of 40 patients (mean gestational age 29.4 weeks), 7 had IVH and/or PVL. S-100B was detectable in peripheral blood in all patients at every measurement. In the group with IVH or PVL, the median S-100B at the first sampling was 0.43 (IQR 0.29-0.60) ng/mL, and 0.40 (IQR 0.33-1.01) ng/mL at the second sampling. In the group without PVL or IVH, it was 0.40 (IQR 0.29-0.6) ng/mL at the first sampling and 0.43 (IQR 0.34-0.62) ng/mL at the second sampling. The median GFAP was 0 regardless of the group and sampling time. The groups did not significantly differ in serum GFAP or S-100B levels. CONCLUSION Peripheral blood levels of GFAP and S-100B were not significantly increased in very preterm infants that developed PVL or IVH. The predictive value of GFAP and S-100B as biomarkers of neonatal brain injury should be further explored in a larger cohort of neonates with more extensive IVH or PVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Koce
- University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Jerin
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domen Plut
- Institute of Radiology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vanja Erčulj
- Rho Sigma Research & Statistics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lilijana Kornhauser Cerar
- Neonatology Section, Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stefan Grosek
- Neonatology Section, Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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6
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Rasineni GK, Panigrahy N, Rath SN, Chinnaboina M, Konanki R, Chirla DK, Madduri S. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Roles of the “Omics” in Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy in Neonates. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100498. [PMID: 36290466 PMCID: PMC9598631 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal asphyxia and neonatal encephalopathy remain major causes of neonatal mortality, despite the improved availability of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, contributing to neurological and intellectual disabilities worldwide. An approach using a combination of clinical data, neuroimaging, and biochemical parameters is the current strategy towards the improved diagnosis and prognosis of the outcome in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) using bioengineering methods. Traditional biomarkers are of little use in this multifactorial and variable phenotype-presenting clinical condition. Novel systems of biology-based “omics” approaches (genomics, transcriptome proteomics, and metabolomics) may help to identify biomarkers associated with brain and other tissue injuries, predicting the disease severity in HIE. Biomarker studies using omics technologies will likely be a key feature of future neuroprotective treatment methods and will help to assess the successful treatment and long-term efficacy of the intervention. This article reviews the roles of different omics as biomarkers of HIE and outlines the existing knowledge of our current understanding of the clinical use of different omics molecules as novel neonatal brain injury biomarkers, which may lead to improved interventions related to the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish Kumar Rasineni
- LCMS Division, Tenet Medcorp Pvt. Ltd., 54 Kineta Towers Road No 3, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Nalinikanta Panigrahy
- Department of Neonatology, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Hyderabad 500034, India
- Correspondence: (N.P.); (S.N.R.)
| | - Subha Narayan Rath
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana 502284, India
- Correspondence: (N.P.); (S.N.R.)
| | - Madhurarekha Chinnaboina
- LCMS Division, Tenet Medcorp Pvt. Ltd., 54 Kineta Towers Road No 3, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Ramesh Konanki
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chirla
- Department of Neonatology, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Srinivas Madduri
- Bioengineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, University Hospital Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Bioengineering and Neuroregeneration, University of Geneva, University Hospital Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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7
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S100B Maternal Blood Levels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Are Birthweight, Gender and Delivery Mode Dependent. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031028. [PMID: 35162052 PMCID: PMC8834559 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is one of the main causes of perinatal mortality/morbidity. Today, a parameter offering useful information on fetal central nervous system (CNS) development/damage is eagerly awaited. We investigated the role of brain-protein S100B in the maternal blood of GDM pregnancies by means of a prospective case–control study in 646 pregnancies (GDM: n = 106; controls: n = 530). Maternal blood samples for S100B measurement were collected at four monitoring time-points from 24 weeks of gestation to term. Data was corrected for gender and delivery mode and correlated with gestational age and weight at birth. Results showed higher (p < 0.05) S100B from 24 to 32 weeks and at term in GDM fetuses than controls. Higher (p < 0.05) S100B was observed in GDM male new-borns than in females from 24 to 32 weeks and at term, in GDM cases delivering vaginally than by caesarean section. Finally, S100B positively correlated with gestational age and weight at birth (R = 0.27; R = 0.37, respectively; p < 0.01). The present findings show the usefulness of S100B in CNS to monitor high-risk pregnancies during perinatal standard-of-care procedures. The results suggest that further investigations into its potential role as an early marker of CNS growth/damage in GDM population are needed.
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Swissa SS, Baron J, Tirosh D, Yaniv-Salem S, Shelef I, Hershkovitz R, Beharier O. S100B in maternal circulation of pregnancies complicated by FGR and brain sparing. Prenat Diagn 2021; 42:141-150. [PMID: 34530488 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the presence of brain sparing in fetal growth restricted (FGR) fetuses involves elevation of the cerebral injury biomarker S100B in maternal circulation. METHODS We included 63 women with suspected small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses between 24 and 35 +6/7 weeks of gestation. Maternal plasma angiogenic factors measurements and sonographic evaluation were performed at recruitment. Next, we subdivided our SGA cohort into three groups: SGA fetuses, FGR fetuses without brain-sparing, and FGR fetuses with brain-sparing (FGR-BS). Serum S100B concentration was calculated as S100B µg/L, S100B MoM, and the ratio S100B/ estimated fetal weight (EFW). We also report one case of S100B concentration surge in maternal serum following the diagnosis of fetal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). RESULTS The FGR-BS group had higher maternal S100B µg/L (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively), S100B MoM (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively), and S100B/EFW (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively), compared to the SGA and FGR groups. In the case report, maternal serum S100B concentrations were 0.0346 µg/L before, and 0.0874 µg/L after IVH occurrence. CONCLUSIONS S100B concentration in maternal serum increased in pregnancies complicated by FGR and brain sparing. These results may substantiate in-utero cerebral injury and may explain the adverse neurocognitive outcomes reported for this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani S Swissa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Joel Baron
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Dan Tirosh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Shimrit Yaniv-Salem
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ilan Shelef
- Department of Radiology, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Reli Hershkovitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ofer Beharier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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9
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Efstathiou N, Slavakis A, Drossou V, Kantziou K, Dermetzoglou V, Soubasi V. Can we delineate brain injury in full-term neonates using serum biomarkers? Brain Inj 2021; 35:821-830. [PMID: 33780304 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2021.1907862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Early identification of neonates at risk of neurological impairment is particularly important for the bedside clinician. Clinical value of S100b and neuron-specific enolase in neonates has not been yet established. We investigated their kinetics and possible early clinical utility in neonatal encephalopathy (NE).STUDY DESIGN: 36 full-term neonates (13 with moderate/severe encephalopathy, 11 with mild encephalopathy, 12 controls) were enrolled and studied prospectively. Serum S100b and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were measured serially on days(d) 1, 3, 9 and 18 of life. Brain MRI and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome were also assessed.RESULT: Neonates with moderate/severe encephalopathy had significantly increased S100b (d1) and NSE levels (d1, d3, d9) compared to controls. Neuron-specific enolase significantly correlated with the degree of encephalopathy, and a cutoff of 38.8 μg/l (d1) accurately predicted moderate/severe encephalopathy. S100b (d1) cutoff points of 1.6 μg/l and 11.4 μg/l prognosticated severe encephalopathy and death/cerebral palsy, respectively. Both biomarkers correlated well with neuroimaging and Bayley-III scores.CONCLUSION: Combined clinical, laboratory, imaging and neurodevelopmental data indicate that serum S100b and NSE can be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal brain injury, providing useful information to the bedside clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Efstathiou
- 1st Neonatal Department and NICU, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aristidis Slavakis
- Biochemistry Department, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Drossou
- 1st Neonatal Department and NICU, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina Kantziou
- 1st Neonatal Department and NICU, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Vasiliki Soubasi
- 2nd Neonatal Department and NICU, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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10
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Bersani I, Pluchinotta F, Dotta A, Savarese I, Campi F, Auriti C, Chuklantseva N, Piersigilli F, Gazzolo F, Varrica A, Satriano A, Gazzolo D. Early predictors of perinatal brain damage: the role of neurobiomarkers. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 58:471-486. [PMID: 31851609 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2019-0725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The early detection of perinatal brain damage in preterm and term newborns (i.e. intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia and perinatal asphyxia) still constitute an unsolved issue. To date, despite technological improvement in standard perinatal monitoring procedures, decreasing the incidence of perinatal mortality, the perinatal morbidity pattern has a flat trend. Against this background, the measurement of brain constituents could be particularly useful in the early detection of cases at risk for short-/long-term brain injury. On this scenario, the main European and US international health-care institutions promoted perinatal clinical and experimental neuroprotection research projects aimed at validating and including a panel of biomarkers in the clinical guidelines. Although this is a promising attempt, there are several limitations that do not allow biomarkers to be included in standard monitoring procedures. The main limitations are: (i) the heterogeneity of neurological complications in the perinatal period, (ii) the small cohort sizes, (iii) the lack of multicenter investigations, (iv) the different techniques for neurobiomarkers assessment, (iv) the lack of consensus for the validation of assays in biological fluids such as urine and saliva, and (v), the lack of reference curves according to measurement technique and biological fluid. In the present review we offer an up-to-date overview of the most promising developments in the use of biomarkers in the perinatal period such as calcium binding proteins (S100B protein), vasoactive agents (adrenomedullin), brain biomarkers (activin A, neuron specific enolase, glial fibrillary acidic protein, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1) and oxidative stress markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliana Bersani
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pluchinotta
- Laboratory Research Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, SanDonato Milanese Univerity Hospital, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Dotta
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Immacolata Savarese
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Campi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Auriti
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Natalia Chuklantseva
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Piersigilli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Varrica
- Laboratory Research Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, SanDonato Milanese Univerity Hospital, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Satriano
- Laboratory Research Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, SanDonato Milanese Univerity Hospital, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Gazzolo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
- Neonatal Intesive Care Unit, AO S.S. Antonio, Biagio, C. Arrigo Hospital, Spalto Marengo 46, 15100 Alessandria, Italy
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Anuriev AM, Gorbachev VI. [Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in premature newborns]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2020; 119:63-69. [PMID: 31825364 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201911908263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
One of the main causes of cerebral dysfunction in premature newborns is hypoxia. High mortality and lifelong morbidity in these children is a frequent result of neonatal hypoxic brain damage. The article presents some data on the prevalence of neurological diseases that have arisen in the perinatal period, and highlights the key etiological factors leading to hypoxia in both the intranatal and early postnatal periods. The pathogenesis of hypoxic-ischemic brain lesions in premature infants is described in detail. At the same time, more careful consideration is given to the glutathione system, which protects against lipid peroxidation, the glutamate-calcium cascade, and the excitotoxicity mediated by it, as well as the processes of necrosis and apoptosis of nerve cells. The advantages and disadvantages of modern methods for diagnosing cerebral lesions are noted, and the principles of treatment of these disorders are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Anuriev
- Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education - Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - V I Gorbachev
- Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education - Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Irkutsk, Russia
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12
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The Ca 2+-Binding S100B Protein: An Important Diagnostic and Prognostic Neurobiomarker in Pediatric Laboratory Medicine. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1929:701-728. [PMID: 30710306 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9030-6_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades a significant scientific effort has focused on projects regarding the use of neurobiomarkers in perinatal medicine with a view to understanding the mechanisms that interfere with physiological patterns of brain development and lead to ominous effects in several human diseases. Numerous potential neurobiomarkers have been proposed for use in monitoring high-risk fetuses and newborns, including markers of oxidative stress, neuroproteins, and vasoactive agents. Nonetheless, the use of these markers in clinical practice remains a matter of debate. Recently, the calcium-binding S100B protein has been proposed as being an ideal neurobiomarker, thanks to its simple availability and easy reproducibility, to the possibility of detecting it noninvasively in biological fluids with good reproducibility, and to the possibility of a longitudinal evaluation in relation to reference curves. The present chapter contains an overview of the most significant studies on the assessment of S100B in different biological fluids as a trophic factor and/or marker of brain damage in high-risk fetuses and newborns.
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Wang Z, Liu Y, Shao M, Wang D, Zhang Y. Combined prediction of miR-210 and miR-374a for severity and prognosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e00835. [PMID: 29568675 PMCID: PMC5853646 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a disorder featured by hypoxic and ischemic damages during the perinatal period and its high mortality (i.e., 15%-20%) could be partly attributed to late diagnosis. Therefore, miR-210 and miR-374a were investigated to find if they could improve the diagnostic values of S100B protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) for HIE. METHODS Altogether 167 HIE newborns and 82 healthy newborns were recruited, and their blood were sampled for determining the levels of biomarkers. Specifically, S100B protein and NSE levels were detected based on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, while the expressions of miR-210 and miR-374a were quantified by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were established to assess the diagnostic values of the above biomarkers for HIE. Finally, the correlation analysis between miR-210/miR-374 and Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA) scoring or Gesell intellectual development were also conducted. RESULTS The levels of miR-210, miR-374a, S100B protein, and NSE were significantly distinct between HIE patients and healthy newborns (p < .05). Besides, miR-210 (rs = .573), miR-374a (rs = .651), NSE level (rs = -.622), and S100B level (rs = -.55) were all, respectively, correlated with NBNA scoring with statistical significance (p < .05). Furthermore, it was revealed that the combined diagnosis of miR-210, miR-374a, S100B protein, and NSE could obtain the highest accuracy regarding pairs of mild HIE versus moderate HIE (AUC = 0.898), moderate HIE versus severe HIE (AUC = 0.922), mild HIE versus severe HIE (AUC = 0.996), and HIE versus control (AUC = 0.960). More than that, the four molecules were also remarkably associated with Gesell intellectual development (p < .05). CONCLUSION MiR-210 and miR-374a could help to elevate the diagnostic value and prognostic prediction of S100B protein and NSE for HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhansheng Wang
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu Shangqiu Henan China
| | - Yulu Liu
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu Shangqiu Henan China
| | - Minkun Shao
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu Shangqiu Henan China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu Shangqiu Henan China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu Shangqiu Henan China
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Alshweki A, Pérez-Muñuzuri A, López-Suárez O, Baña A, Couce ML. Relevance of urinary S100B protein levels as a short-term prognostic biomarker in asphyxiated infants treated with hypothermia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8453. [PMID: 29095291 PMCID: PMC5682810 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial diagnosis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is based on nervous system clinical manifestations. The use of biomarkers to monitor brain injury and evaluate neuroprotective effects allows early intervention and treatment. This study was designed to determine the short-term prognostic significance of urinary S100B calcium-binding protein (S100B) in asphyxiated newborns treated with hypothermia.An observational prospective study was conducted over a period of 5 years in 31 newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy who received therapeutic hypothermia. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A (13 newborns with a normal neurological examination before discharge) and Group B (18 newborns who died during admission or had an abnormal neurologic examination before discharge). Urinary S100B was the main variable, serum S100B and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were considered as secondary variables, and all of them were assessed on the first 3 days of life. The newborns were subsequently divided into groups with normal and abnormal electrophysiological and imaging findings.Mean urinary S100B levels were significantly higher in group B than group A on day 1 (10.58 ± 14.82 vs 4.65 ± 9.16 μg/L, P = .031) and day 2 (5.16 ± 7.63 vs 0.88 ± 2.53, P = .002). The optimal cutoff for urinary S100B on day 1 was >1.11 μg/L of (sensitivity, 100%; specificity 60%) for the prediction of neonatal death and < 0.66 μg/L (sensitivity 83% and specificity 70%) for the prediction of a normal neurological examination before discharge. It was not possible to calculate cutoffs with a similar accuracy for serum S100B or NSE. Urinary S100B on day 1 was higher in patients with abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings (7.89 ± 8.09 vs 4.49 ± 9.14, P = .039) and abnormal positron emission tomography findings (8.60 ± 9.29 vs 4.30 ± 8.28, P = .038). There were no significant differences in S100B levels between patients with normal and abnormal electroencephalography results.Urinary S100B measured in the first days of life can predict neonatal death and short-term prognosis in asphyxiated newborns treated with hypothermia. The method is convenient, noninvasive, and has a higher sensitivity and specificity than measurement of serum S100B or NSE.
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Serpero LD, Bianchi V, Pluchinotta F, Conforti E, Baryshnikova E, Guaschino R, Cassinari M, Trifoglio O, Calevo MG, Gazzolo D. S100B maternal blood levels are gestational age- and gender-dependent in healthy pregnancies. Clin Chem Lab Med 2017; 55:1770-1776. [PMID: 28282292 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2016-1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100B is a well-established biomarker of central nervous system (CNS) development and damage in the perinatal period. Because the fetal CNS induces an overproduction of S100B measurable in the maternal bloodstream we evaluated S100B protein in healthy pregnancies in order to provide a reference curve of the protein in the second and third trimesters and to provide information on CNS development when standard monitoring procedures could be silent or unavailable. METHODS Between July 2012 and December 2014 we conducted a prospective study in 1213 healthy pregnancies delivering healthy newborns. Maternal blood samples were collected for standard monitoring procedures and S100B assessment. S100B correlations with selected outcomes (gestational age at sampling, gender of fetus, gestational age and weight at birth, delivery mode) were calculated using multiple forward stepwise regression analysis. RESULTS S100B concentrations in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy were found to be gestational age-, gender- and delivery mode-dependent (p<0.05, for all). Multiple forward stepwise regression analysis with S100B as the dependent variable and gestational age at sampling, gender, delivery mode, gestational age and weight at birth as independent variables, showed a significant correlation between S100B and gestational age at sampling (R=0.13; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The present findings offering a S100B protein reference curve in maternal blood suggest that non-invasive fetal CNS monitoring is becoming feasible and open the way to further research in neuro-biomarker assessment in the maternal bloodstream.
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Zaigham M, Lundberg F, Olofsson P. Protein S100B in umbilical cord blood as a potential biomarker of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in asphyxiated newborns. Early Hum Dev 2017; 112:48-53. [PMID: 28756088 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a devastating condition resulting from a sustained lack of oxygen during birth. The interest in identifying a relevant biomarker of HIE has thrown into limelight the role of protein S100B as a clinical diagnostic marker of hypoxic brain damage in neonates. AIMS To evaluate the diagnostic value of protein S100B, measured in umbilical cord blood immediately after birth, as a useful biomarker in the diagnosis of HIE Sarnat stages II-III as well as a marker for long-term mortality and morbidity. STUDY DESIGN Protein S100B was analyzed in cord blood sampled at birth from 13 newborns later diagnosed with stage II-III HIE and compared with 21 healthy controls. S100B concentrations were related to cord artery pH, amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG), stage of HIE, and death/sequelae up to an age of 6years. Both parametric and non-parametric statistics were used with a two-sided P<0.05 considered significant. RESULTS The difference in S100B concentration was marginally statistically significant between HIE cases and controls (P=0.056). Cord blood acidosis (P=0.046), aEEG pattern severity (P=0.030), HIE severity (P=0.027), and condition at 6-year follow-up (healthy/permanent sequelae/death; P=0.027) were all related to an increase in S100B concentration. CONCLUSIONS Protein S100B in neonates suffering from HIE stages II-III appeared elevated in umbilical cord blood at birth. The S100B concentrations were positively associated to the severity of disease and the risk of suffering from neurodevelopmental sequelae and even death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Zaigham
- Institution of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Fredrik Lundberg
- Institution of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Dept. of Pediatric Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Per Olofsson
- Institution of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Abstract
Perinatal asphyxia and its complication, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, are still among the major causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Despite accurate standard postnatal monitoring procedures, the post-insult period is crucial because at a time when radiologic pictures are still silent, brain damage may already be at a subclinical stage. Against this background, the measurement of quantitative parameters, such as constituents of nervous tissue, that are able to detect subclinical lesions at a stage when routine brain monitoring procedures are still silent, could be particularly useful. Therefore, in the present review we report the potentials and limitations of biomarkers in predicting outcome in neonates complicated by perinatal asphyxia.
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Abstract
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a major contributor to neurodevelopmental deficits including cerebral palsy in term and near-term infants. The long-term neurodevelopmental outcome is difficult to predict with certainty in first few days of life. Multiorgan involvement is common but not part of the diagnostic criteria for NE. The most frequently involved organs are the heart, liver, kidneys and hematological system. Cerebral and organ involvement is associated with the release of organ specific biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid, urine and blood. These biomarkers may have a role in the assessment of the severity of asphyxia and long-term outcome in neonates with NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Aslam
- Department of Paediatrics, National Maternity Hospital, Holles Street, Dublin, Ireland
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Çelik Y, Atıcı A, Gülaşı S, Makharoblıdze K, Eskandari G, Sungur MA, Akbayır S. The effects of selective head cooling versus whole-body cooling on some neural and inflammatory biomarkers: a randomized controlled pilot study. Ital J Pediatr 2015; 41:79. [PMID: 26472263 PMCID: PMC4608056 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-015-0188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has become standard care in newborns with moderate to severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), and the 2 most commonly used methods are selective head cooling (SHC) and whole body cooling (WBC). This study aimed to determine if the effects of the 2 methods on some neural and inflammatory biomarkers differ. Materials and methods This prospective randomized pilot study included newborns delivered after >36 weeks of gestation. SHC or WBC was administered randomly to newborns with moderate to severe HIE that were prescribed TH. The serum interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), brain-specific creatine kinase (CK-BB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and protein S100 levels, the urine S100B level, and the urine lactate/creatinine (L/C) ratio were evaluated 6 and 72 h after birth. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III was administered at month 12 for assessment of neurodevelopmental findings. Results The SHC group included 14 newborns, the WBC group included 10, the mild HIE group included 7, and the control group included 9. All the biomarker levels in the SHC and WBC groups at 6 and 72 h were similar, and all the changes in the biomarker levels between 6 and 72 h were similar in both groups. The serum IL-6 and protein S100 levels at 6 h in the SHC and WBC groups were significantly higher than in the control group. The urine L/C ratio at 6 h in the SHC and WBC groups was significantly higher than in the mild HIE and control groups. The IL-6 level and L/C ratio at 6 and 72 h in the patients that had died or had disability at month 12 were significantly higher than in the patients without disability at month 12. Conclusion The effects of SHC and WBC on the biomarkers evaluated did not differ. The urine L/C ratio might be useful for differentiating newborns with moderate and severe HIE from those with mild HIE. Furthermore, the serum IL-6 level and the L/C ratio might be useful for predicting disability and mortality in newborns with HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalçın Çelik
- Mersin University School of Medicine, Department of Neonatology Care Unit, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Aytuğ Atıcı
- Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neonatology, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Selvi Gülaşı
- Mersin University School of Medicine, Department of Neonatology, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Khatuna Makharoblıdze
- Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Gülçin Eskandari
- Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Ali Sungur
- Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Serin Akbayır
- Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
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Circulating S100B and Adiponectin in Children Who Underwent Open Heart Surgery and Cardiopulmonary Bypass. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:402642. [PMID: 26417594 PMCID: PMC4568346 DOI: 10.1155/2015/402642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background. S100B protein, previously proposed as a consolidated marker of brain damage in congenital heart disease (CHD) newborns who underwent cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), has been progressively abandoned due to S100B CNS extra-source such as adipose tissue. The present study investigated CHD newborns, if adipose tissue contributes significantly to S100B serum levels. Methods. We conducted a prospective study in 26 CHD infants, without preexisting neurological disorders, who underwent cardiac surgery and CPB in whom blood samples for S100B and adiponectin (ADN) measurement were drawn at five perioperative time-points. Results. S100B showed a significant increase from hospital admission up to 24 h after procedure reaching its maximum peak (P < 0.01) during CPB and at the end of the surgical procedure. Moreover, ADN showed a flat pattern and no significant differences (P > 0.05) have been found all along perioperative monitoring. ADN/S100B ratio pattern was identical to S100B alone with the higher peak at the end of CPB and remained higher up to 24 h from surgery. Conclusions. The present study provides evidence that, in CHD infants, S100B protein is not affected by an extra-source adipose tissue release as suggested by no changes in circulating ADN concentrations.
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Gazzolo D, Pluchinotta F, Bashir M, Aboulgar H, Said HM, Iman I, Ivani G, Conio A, Tina LG, Nigro F, Li Volti G, Galvano F, Michetti F, Di Iorio R, Marinoni E, Zimmermann LJ, Gavilanes ADW, Vles HJS, Kornacka M, Gruszfeld D, Frulio R, Sacchi R, Ciotti S, Risso FM, Sannia A, Florio P. Neurological abnormalities in full-term asphyxiated newborns and salivary S100B testing: the "Cooperative Multitask against Brain Injury of Neonates" (CoMBINe) international study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115194. [PMID: 25569796 PMCID: PMC4287626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns: its prognosis depends both on the severity of the asphyxia and on the immediate resuscitation to restore oxygen supply and blood circulation. Therefore, we investigated whether measurement of S100B, a consolidated marker of brain injury, in salivary fluid of PA newborns may constitute a useful tool for the early detection of asphyxia-related brain injury. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in 292 full-term newborns admitted to our NICUs, of whom 48 suffered PA and 244 healthy controls admitted at our NICUs. Saliva S100B levels measurement longitudinally after birth; routine laboratory variables, neurological patterns, cerebral ultrasound and, magnetic resonance imaging were performed. The primary end-point was the presence of neurological abnormalities at 12-months after birth. RESULTS S100B salivary levels were significantly (P<0.001) higher in newborns with PA than in normal infants. When asphyxiated infants were subdivided according to a good (Group A; n = 15) or poor (Group B; n = 33) neurological outcome at 12-months, S100B was significantly higher at all monitoring time-points in Group B than in Group A or controls (P<0.001, for all). A cut-off >3.25 MoM S100B achieved a sensitivity of 100% (CI5-95%: 89.3%-100%) and a specificity of 100% (CI5-95%: 98.6%-100%) as a single marker for predicting the occurrence of abnormal neurological outcome (area under the ROC curve: 1.000; CI5-95%: 0.987-1.0). CONCLUSIONS S100B protein measurement in saliva, soon after birth, is a useful tool to identify which asphyxiated infants are at risk of neurological sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gazzolo
- Department of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, “C. Arrigo” Children’s Hospital Alessandria, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Francesca Pluchinotta
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory Reasearch S. Donato Milanese University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Moataza Bashir
- Department of Neonatology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanna Aboulgar
- Department of Neonatology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Iskander Iman
- Department of Neonatology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Giorgio Ivani
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, “Regina Margherita” Children’s Hospital Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Conio
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, “Regina Margherita” Children’s Hospital Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lucia Gabriella Tina
- Department of Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Health “G. Garibaldi” Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Nigro
- Department of Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Health “G. Garibaldi” Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Biochemistry, Catania University, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Michetti
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Romolo Di Iorio
- Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marinoni
- Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Luc J. Zimmermann
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio D. W. Gavilanes
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J. S. Vles
- Department of Child Neurology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Kornacka
- Department of Neonatology and Intensive Care of Neonate, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Darek Gruszfeld
- Department of Neonatology and Intensive Care of Neonate, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rosanna Frulio
- Department of Pediatrics “G. Gaslini” Children’s University Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Renata Sacchi
- Department of Pediatrics “G. Gaslini” Children’s University Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sabina Ciotti
- Department of Pediatrics “G. Gaslini” Children’s University Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco M. Risso
- Department of Pediatrics “G. Gaslini” Children’s University Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Sannia
- Department of Pediatrics “G. Gaslini” Children’s University Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pasquale Florio
- UOC of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Iacopo” Hospital, Pistoia, Italy
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Velipaşaoğlu M, Yurdakök M, Özyüncü Ö, Portakal O, Deren Ö. Neural injury markers to predict neonatal complications in intrauterine growth restriction. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2014; 35:555-60. [DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2014.978848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Mir IN, Chalak LF. Serum biomarkers to evaluate the integrity of the neurovascular unit. Early Hum Dev 2014; 90:707-11. [PMID: 25064445 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers have the potential to enable the clinicians to screen infants for brain injury, monitor progression of disease, identify injured brain regions, assess efficacy of neuroprotective therapies, and offer hope to identify the timing of the injury, thus shedding light on the potential pathophysiology and the most effective therapy. Currently, clinicians do not routinely use biomarkers to care for neonates with Neonatal Encephalopathy (NE) and brain injury due to prenatal hypoxia-asphyxia. This review will cover potential biomarkers of the neurovascular unit in the setting of NE that (i) can help assess the degree or severity of encephalopathy at birth; (ii) can help monitor progression of disease process and efficacy of neuroprotective therapy; (iii) can help assess neurodevelopmental outcome. These biomarkers will be summarized in two categories: 1) Specific biomarkers targeting the neurovascular unit such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), S100B, and neuron specific enolase (NSE) and 2) general inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1b (IL-1b), and pNF-H, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran N Mir
- Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Lina F Chalak
- Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
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Beharier O, Shusterman E, Eshcoli T, Szaingurten-Solodkin I, Aricha-Tamir B, Weintraub AY, Sheiner E, Holcberg G, Hershkovitz R. Detection of S100B in maternal blood before and after fetal death. Prenat Diagn 2013; 34:94-7. [PMID: 24178516 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100B is a brain damage biomarker. When measured immediately after birth, it reflects neonatal brain damage following asphyxia. In this study, we used feticide as a novel model of fetal brain damage. We examined whether such damage is reflected by a rise in S100B in maternal blood before delivery. METHODS Eight pregnant women were recruited between January and July 2012. Maternal blood samples were drawn before and after feticide at predetermined time points (0, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 min). S100B, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and creatinine concentrations were measured by standard human ELISA and chemical analyzer. RESULTS No significant difference was noted between S100B levels before and after feticide, neither in non-specific cell death markers (lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase), which remained within normal range. S100B ranged between 0.015-0.04 µg/L through all the predetermined time points. CONCLUSION No statistically significant differences were demonstrated in S100B levels before and after feticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Beharier
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
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25
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Risso FM, Serpero LD, Zimmermann LJI, Gavilanes AWD, Frulio R, Michetti F, Florio P, Bashir M, Iskander I, Mufeed H, Aboulgar H, Gazzolo D. Urine S100 BB and A1B dimers are valuable predictors of adverse outcome in full-term asphyxiated infants. Acta Paediatr 2013; 102:e467-72. [PMID: 23826805 DOI: 10.1111/apa.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether S100A1B and BB dimers are predictors of early perinatal death in newborns with perinatal asphyxia (PA). METHODS The study compared 38 full-term newborns with PA [neonatal death n = 11; hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE): n = 27] with a control group of 38 healthy infants. Clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded at eight time points and urine collected for S100B assessment. Multivariate analysis was performed in order to analyse the influence of various clinical parameters on the occurrence of neonatal death. RESULTS A1B and BB in PA nonsurvivor infants were significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in controls at all monitoring time points. BB at first void (cut-off>42 ng/L) was the best predictor of early neonatal death (p < 0.05) of all the clinical and laboratory parameters studied. CONCLUSION These results suggest that S100s are valuable predictors of adverse outcome in PA infants. It is also suggested that these biomarkers be used in daily clinical practice, due to their low cost and stress, reproducibility and the possibility of longitudinal monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco M Risso
- Department of Neonatology; G Gaslini Children's University Hospital; Genoa; Italy
| | - Laura D Serpero
- Department of Neurology Ophthalmology and Genetics; Genoa University; Genoa; Italy
| | - Luc JI Zimmermann
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology; School for Oncology and Developmental Biology; Maastricht University Medical Center; Maastricht; The Netherlands
| | - Antonio WD Gavilanes
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology; School for Oncology and Developmental Biology; Maastricht University Medical Center; Maastricht; The Netherlands
| | - Rosanna Frulio
- Institute of Anatomy and Molecular Biology; Catholic University; Rome; Italy
| | - Fabrizio Michetti
- Institute of Anatomy and Molecular Biology; Catholic University; Rome; Italy
| | - Pasquale Florio
- Department of Pediatrics Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine; University of Siena; Siena; Italy
| | - Moataza Bashir
- Department of Neonatology; University of Cairo; Cairo; Egypt
| | - Iman Iskander
- Department of Neonatology; University of Cairo; Cairo; Egypt
| | - Hala Mufeed
- Department of Neonatology; University of Cairo; Cairo; Egypt
| | - Hanna Aboulgar
- Department of Neonatology; University of Cairo; Cairo; Egypt
| | - Diego Gazzolo
- Department of Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine; C. Arrigo Children's Hospital; Alessandria; Italy
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26
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Serpero LD, Bellissima V, Colivicchi M, Sabatini M, Frigiola A, Ricotti A, Ghiglione V, Strozzi MC, Li Volti G, Galvano F, Gazzolo D. Next generation biomarkers for brain injury. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013; 26 Suppl 2:44-9. [PMID: 24059552 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2013.829688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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27
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Roe WD, Spraker TR, Duncan CG, Owen M, Charles JB. Postmortem stability of S100B in the aqueous humor of northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus). J Vet Diagn Invest 2013; 25:627-9. [PMID: 23960172 DOI: 10.1177/1040638713498600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bycatch (accidental drowning in fishing nets) is a significant problem for some marine mammal species, but can be difficult to diagnose as there are no pathognomonic gross or histological lesions. In human medicine, biomarkers such as S100B are increasingly being used to investigate hypoxic-ischemic syndromes, but, to the authors' knowledge, studies using this marker have not been reported for marine mammal species. The aims of the current study were to determine baseline postmortem S100B levels in a pinniped species, and to determine whether S100B levels were stable over a postmortem interval of 48 hr. Aqueous humor, which is simple to collect and avoids many of the problems associated with postmortem collection of blood, was used as a surrogate for serum. S100B was detected in the aqueous humor of acute deaths (<15 min) and was stable for up to 48 hr, with a wider variation in values at the 48-hr time interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi D Roe
- 1Wendi D. Roe, Pathobiology Group, Institute of Veterinary Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Tennant Drive, Palmerston North PN4442, New Zealand.
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28
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Sannia A, Risso FM, Zimmermann LJI, Gavilanes AWD, Vles HJ, Gazzolo D. S100B urine concentrations in late preterm infants are gestational age and gender dependent. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 417:31-4. [PMID: 23262371 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late preterm deliveries (LP, between 34 and 36wks), have considerably increased in the last decades. About 20-25% of LP infants who require intensive care and morbidity on public health are of great magnitude. Therefore, we aimed at offering a reference curve in LP period of a well-established neurotrophic and brain damage marker namely S100B protein. METHODS We collected, between December 2009 and March 2012, urine samples, at first void (within 6-hours from birth) for S100B assessment, in 277 healthy LP infants consecutively admitted to our units. Standard clinical and laboratory monitoring parameters were also recorded. S100B was measured by using a commercially available immunoluminometric assay. RESULTS S100B pattern in LP infants was characterized by a slight decrease in protein's concentration from 34 to 35wks. From 35wks onwards S100B started to increase reaching a significant difference (P=0.008) at 36wks. When corrected for gender, significantly higher (P<0.01, for all) S100B concentrations in female were observed from 34 to 36wks. Polynomial type-1 regression analysis showed a significant correlation (R=-0.05; P<0.001) between gestational age and S100B in LP infants considering either the whole study population or when corrected for gender. CONCLUSIONS S100B in LP infants is gestational age and gender dependent. The present reference curve, for S100B in LP period, offers additional support to protein's neurotrophic role and suggests that gestational age and gender have to be taken into due account, whenever S100B is measured, in order to avoid bias factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sannia
- Dept. Critical Care and Perinatal Medicine G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
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29
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Douglas-Escobar M, Weiss MD. Biomarkers of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in newborns. Front Neurol 2012; 3:144. [PMID: 23130015 PMCID: PMC3486976 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2012.00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As neonatal intensive care has evolved, the focus has shifted from improving mortality alone to an effort to improve both mortality and morbidity. The most frequent source of neonatal brain injury occurs as a result of hypoxic-ischemic injury. Hypoxic-ischemic injury occurs in about 2 of 1,000 full-term infants and severe injured infants will have lifetime disabilities and neurodevelopmental delays. Most recently, remarkable efforts toward neuroprotection have been started with the advent of therapeutic hypothermia and a key step in the evolution of neonatal neuroprotection is the discovery of biomarkers that enable the clinician-scientist to screen infants for brain injury, monitor progression of disease, identify injured brain regions, and assess efficacy of neuroprotective clinical trials. Lastly, biomarkers offer great hope identifying when an injury occurred shedding light on the potential pathophysiology and the most effective therapy. In this article, we will review biomarkers of HIE including S100B, neuron specific enolase, umbilical cord IL-6, CK-BB, GFAP, myelin basic protein, UCHL-1, and pNF-H. We hope to contribute to the awareness, validation, and clinical use of established as well as novel neonatal brain injury biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Douglas-Escobar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA ; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
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30
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Schütz UHW, Schmidt-Trucksäss A, Knechtle B, Machann J, Wiedelbach H, Ehrhardt M, Freund W, Gröninger S, Brunner H, Schulze I, Brambs HJ, Billich C. The TransEurope FootRace Project: longitudinal data acquisition in a cluster randomized mobile MRI observational cohort study on 44 endurance runners at a 64-stage 4,486 km transcontinental ultramarathon. BMC Med 2012; 10:78. [PMID: 22812450 PMCID: PMC3409063 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-10-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TransEurope FootRace 2009 (TEFR09) was one of the longest transcontinental ultramarathons with an extreme endurance physical load of running nearly 4,500 km in 64 days. The aim of this study was to assess the wide spectrum of adaptive responses in humans regarding the different tissues, organs and functional systems being exposed to such chronic physical endurance load with limited time for regeneration and resulting negative energy balance. A detailed description of the TEFR project and its implemented measuring methods in relation to the hypotheses are presented. METHODS The most important research tool was a 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner mounted on a mobile unit following the ultra runners from stage to stage each day. Forty-four study volunteers (67% of the participants) were cluster randomized into two groups for MRI measurements (22 subjects each) according to the project protocol with its different research modules: musculoskeletal system, brain and pain perception, cardiovascular system, body composition, and oxidative stress and inflammation. Complementary to the diverse daily mobile MR-measurements on different topics (muscle and joint MRI, T2*-mapping of cartilage, MR-spectroscopy of muscles, functional MRI of the brain, cardiac and vascular cine MRI, whole body MRI) other methods were also used: ice-water pain test, psychometric questionnaires, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), skinfold thickness and limb circumference measurements, daily urine samples, periodic blood samples and electrocardiograms (ECG). RESULTS Thirty volunteers (68%) reached the finish line at North Cape. The mean total race speed was 8.35 km/hour. Finishers invested 552 hours in total. The completion rate for planned MRI investigations was more than 95%: 741 MR-examinations with 2,637 MRI sequences (more than 200,000 picture data), 5,720 urine samples, 244 blood samples, 205 ECG, 1,018 BIA, 539 anthropological measurements and 150 psychological questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the feasibility of conducting a trial based centrally on mobile MR-measurements which were performed during ten weeks while crossing an entire continent. This article is the reference for contemporary result reports on the different scientific topics of the TEFR project, which may reveal additional new knowledge on the physiological and pathological processes of the functional systems on the organ, cellular and sub-cellular level at the limits of stress and strain of the human body. Please see related articles: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/10/76 and http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/10/77.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe H W Schütz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Ulm, Germany.
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31
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Beharier O, Kahn J, Shusterman E, Sheiner E. S100B - a potential biomarker for early detection of neonatal brain damage following asphyxia. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2012; 25:1523-8. [PMID: 22348227 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2012.664200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Birth asphyxia results in a significant percentage of neonatal morbidity and mortality. A key factor in the management of this complication is the early and accurate detection of brain damage following asphyxia. Currently, reliable tools for such diagnosis are absent. Extensive research has focused on biomarkers in an attempt to solve this matter. Recent data marked serum and urine elevation of the S100B protein as an established peripheral biomarker for detection of brain injury including traumatic head injuries and brain damage following cardiac arrest and stroke. In the past decade, a substantial number of studies illustrated the potential use of S100B testing in order to detect brain damage in asphyxiated newborns. This review summarizes the available data regarding the use of S100B as a biomarker of brain damage following birth asphyxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Beharier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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Roka A, Kelen D, Halasz J, Beko G, Azzopardi D, Szabo M. Serum S100B and neuron-specific enolase levels in normothermic and hypothermic infants after perinatal asphyxia. Acta Paediatr 2012; 101:319-23. [PMID: 21981269 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02480.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Serum S100B and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels are elevated after perinatal asphyxia, but the influence of hypothermia on these proteins has not been previously reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of systemic hypothermia on these protein levels after perinatal asphyxia, time course, and association with perinatal factors and neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age. METHODS Serum S100B and NSE levels were measured at fixed time points in asphyxiated infants treated with standard intensive care on hypothermia (HT: n = 13) or normothermia (NT: n = 11). RESULTS Serum S100B and NSE levels were grossly elevated in both HT and NT groups. Compared with the values at 6 h of age, S100B values decreased over time in both groups (NT: p = 0.002, HT: p = 0.04). Serum S100B values were lower in HT infants compared with those in NT infants (p = 0.047 at 48 h). Serum S100B and NSE values were significantly higher in infants who died or developed severe neurological impairment (S100B, p < 0.05 at all time points; NSE, p = 0.036 at 24 h of age). CONCLUSION Both NSE and S100B levels are highly elevated following asphyxia. Serum S100B levels were lower in the HT group and strongly correlated with the neurodevelopmental outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniko Roka
- Neonatal Unit, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, London, UK.
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Michetti F, Corvino V, Geloso MC, Lattanzi W, Bernardini C, Serpero L, Gazzolo D. The S100B protein in biological fluids: more than a lifelong biomarker of brain distress. J Neurochem 2012; 120:644-59. [PMID: 22145907 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07612.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
S100B is a calcium-binding protein concentrated in glial cells, although it has also been detected in definite extra-neural cell types. Its biological role is still debated. When secreted, S100B is believed to have paracrine/autocrine trophic effects at physiological concentrations, but toxic effects at higher concentrations. Elevated S100B levels in biological fluids (CSF, blood, urine, saliva, amniotic fluid) are thus regarded as a biomarker of pathological conditions, including perinatal brain distress, acute brain injury, brain tumors, neuroinflammatory/neurodegenerative disorders, psychiatric disorders. In the majority of these conditions, high S100B levels offer an indicator of cell damage when standard diagnostic procedures are still silent. The key question remains as to whether S100B is merely leaked from injured cells or is released in concomitance with both physiological and pathological conditions, participating at high concentrations in the events leading to cell injury. In this respect, S100B levels in biological fluids have been shown to increase in physiological conditions characterized by stressful physical and mental activity, suggesting that it may be physiologically regulated and raised during conditions of stress, with a putatively active role. This possibility makes this protein a candidate not only for a biomarker but also for a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Michetti
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
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Risso FM, Serpero LD, Zimmermann LJ, Gavilanes AW, Frulio R, Michetti F, Florio P, Bashir M, Iskander I, Mufeed H, Aboulgar H, Gazzolo D. Perinatal asphyxia: Kidney failure does not affect S100B urine concentrations. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 413:150-3. [PMID: 21982917 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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