1
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Subhan MA, Torchilin VP. Advances in siRNA Drug Delivery Strategies for Targeted TNBC Therapy. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:830. [PMID: 39199788 PMCID: PMC11351222 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11080830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Among breast cancers, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been recognized as the most aggressive type with a poor prognosis and low survival rate. Targeted therapy for TNBC is challenging because it lacks estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery are the common therapies for TNBC. Although TNBC is prone to chemotherapy, drug resistance and recurrence are commonly associated with treatment failure. Combination therapy approaches using chemotherapy, mAbs, ADC, and antibody-siRNA conjugates may be effective in TNBC. Recent advances with siRNA-based therapy approaches are promising for TNBC therapy with better prognosis and reduced mortality. This review discusses advances in nanomaterial- and nanobiomaterial-based siRNA delivery platforms for TNBC therapy exploring targeted therapy approaches for major genes, proteins, and TFs upregulated in TNBC tumors, which engage in molecular pathways associated with low TNBC prognosis. Bioengineered siRNA drugs targeting one or several genes simultaneously can downregulate desired genes, significantly reducing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Subhan
- Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Vladimir P. Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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2
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Huang Y, Ning X, Ahrari S, Cai Q, Rajora N, Saxena R, Yu M, Zheng J. Physiological principles underlying the kidney targeting of renal nanomedicines. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:354-370. [PMID: 38409369 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-024-00819-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Kidney disease affects more than 10% of the global population and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality, highlighting a need for new therapeutic options. Engineered nanoparticles for the treatment of kidney diseases (renal nanomedicines) represent one such option, enabling the delivery of targeted therapeutics to specific regions of the kidney. Although they are underdeveloped compared with nanomedicines for diseases such as cancer, findings from preclinical studies suggest that renal nanomedicines may hold promise. However, the physiological principles that govern the in vivo transport and interactions of renal nanomedicines differ from those of cancer nanomedicines, and thus a comprehensive understanding of these principles is needed to design nanomedicines that effectively and specifically target the kidney while ensuring biosafety in their future clinical translation. Herein, we summarize the current understanding of factors that influence the glomerular filtration, tubular uptake, tubular secretion and extrusion of nanoparticles, including size and charge dependency, and the role of specific transporters and processes such as endocytosis. We also describe how the transport and uptake of nanoparticles is altered by kidney disease and discuss strategic approaches by which nanoparticles may be harnessed for the detection and treatment of a variety of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Xuhui Ning
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Samira Ahrari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Qi Cai
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nilum Rajora
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ramesh Saxena
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mengxiao Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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3
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Huang Q, Tang J, Ding Y, Li F. Application and design considerations of ROS-based nanomaterials in diabetic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1351497. [PMID: 38742196 PMCID: PMC11089164 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1351497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DKD) is a common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus and an important cause of cardiovascular-related death. Oxidative stress is a key mechanism leading to diabetic nephropathy. However, the current main therapeutic approach remains combination therapy and lacks specific therapies targeting oxidative stress. With the development of nanotechnology targeting ROS, therapeutic fluids regarding their treatment of diabetic nephropathy have attracted attention. In this review, we provide a brief overview of various ROS-based nanomaterials for DKD, including ROS-scavenging nanomaterials, ROS-associated nanodelivery materials, and ROS-responsive nanomaterials. In addition, we summarize and discuss key factors that should be considered when designing ROS-based nanomaterials, such as biosafety, efficacy, targeting, and detection and monitoring of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yunchuan Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fangping Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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4
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Cheng HT, Ngoc Ta YN, Hsia T, Chen Y. A quantitative review of nanotechnology-based therapeutics for kidney diseases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1953. [PMID: 38500369 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Kidney-specific nanocarriers offer a targeted approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce off-target effects in renal treatments. The nanocarriers can achieve organ or cell specificity via passive targeting and active targeting mechanisms. Passive targeting capitalizes on the unique physiological traits of the kidney, with factors like particle size, charge, shape, and material properties enhancing organ specificity. Active targeting, on the other hand, achieves renal specificity through ligand-receptor interactions, modifying nanocarriers with molecules, peptides, or antibodies for receptor-mediated delivery. Nanotechnology-enabled therapy targets diseased kidney tissue by modulating podocytes and immune cells to reduce inflammation and enhance tissue repair, or by inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation to mitigate renal fibrosis. This review summarizes the current reports of the drug delivery systems that have been tested in vivo, identifies the nanocarriers that may preferentially accumulate in the kidney, and quantitatively compares the efficacy of various cargo-carrier combinations to outline optimal strategies and future research directions. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Teng Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Zhu Bei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Nhi Ngoc Ta
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tiffaney Hsia
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yunching Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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5
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Rajan S, Aguirre R, Hong Zhou Z, Hauser P, Reisler E. Drebrin Protects Assembled Actin from INF2-FFC-mediated Severing and Stabilizes Cell Protrusions. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168421. [PMID: 38158176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Highly specialized cells, such as neurons and podocytes, have arborized morphologies that serve their specific functions. Actin cytoskeleton and its associated proteins are responsible for the distinctive shapes of cells. The mechanism of their cytoskeleton regulation - contributing to cell shape maintenance - is yet to be fully clarified. Inverted formin 2 (INF2), one of the modulators of the cytoskeleton, is an atypical formin that can both polymerize and depolymerize actin filaments depending on its molar ratio to actin. Prior work has established that INF2 binds to the sides of actin filaments and severs them. Drebrin is another actin-binding protein that also binds filaments laterally and stabilizes them, but the interplay between drebrin and INF2 on actin filament stabilization is not well understood. Here, we have used biochemical assays, electron microscopy, and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy imaging to show that drebrin protects actin filaments from severing by INF2 without inhibiting its polymerization activity. Notably, truncated drebrin - DrbA1-300 - is sufficient for this protection, though not as effective as the full-length protein. INF2 and drebrin are abundantly expressed in highly specialized cells and are crucial for the temporal regulation of their actin cytoskeleton, consistent with their involvement in peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeepa Rajan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Roman Aguirre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Z Hong Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peter Hauser
- Medical and Research Services, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System at Sepulveda, North Hills, CA 91344, USA; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Emil Reisler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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6
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Advanced Drug Delivery Systems for Renal Disorders. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020115. [PMID: 36826285 PMCID: PMC9956928 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease management and treatment are currently causing a substantial global burden. The kidneys are the most important organs in the human urinary system, selectively filtering blood and metabolic waste into urine via the renal glomerulus. Based on charge and/or molecule size, the glomerular filtration apparatus acts as a barrier to therapeutic substances. Therefore, drug distribution to the kidneys is challenging, resulting in therapy failure in a variety of renal illnesses. Hence, different approaches to improve drug delivery across the glomerulus filtration barrier are being investigated. Nanotechnology in medicine has the potential to have a significant impact on human health, from illness prevention to diagnosis and treatment. Nanomaterials with various physicochemical properties, including size, charge, surface and shape, with unique biological attributes, such as low cytotoxicity, high cellular internalization and controllable biodistribution and pharmacokinetics, have demonstrated promising potential in renal therapy. Different types of nanosystems have been employed to deliver drugs to the kidneys. This review highlights the features of the nanomaterials, including the nanoparticles and corresponding hydrogels, in overcoming various barriers of drug delivery to the kidneys. The most common delivery sites and strategies of kidney-targeted drug delivery systems are also discussed.
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7
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Cao W, Li R, Pei X, Chai M, Sun L, Huang Y, Wang J, Barth S, Yu F, He H. Antibody-siRNA conjugates (ARC): Emerging siRNA drug formulation. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2022.100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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8
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Lurier EB, Nash VA, Abee HS, Wissing TB, Bouten CVC, Smits AIPM, Spiller KL. Imparting Immunomodulatory Activity to Scaffolds via Biotin-Avidin Interactions. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5611-5621. [PMID: 34767332 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biotin-avidin interactions have been explored for decades as a technique to functionalize biomaterials, as well as for in vivo targeting, but whether changes in these interactions can be leveraged for immunomodulation remain unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate how biotin density and avidin variant can be used to deliver the immunomodulatory cytokine, interleukin 4 (IL4), from a porous gelatin scaffold, Gelfoam, to primary human macrophages in vitro. Here, we demonstrate that the degree of scaffold biotinylation controlled the binding of two different avidin variants, streptavidin and CaptAvidin. Biotinylated scaffolds were also loaded with streptavidin and biotinylated IL4 under flow, suggesting a potential use for targeting this biomaterial in vivo. While biotin-avidin interactions did not appear to influence the protein release in this system, increasing degrees of biotinylation did lead to increased M2-like polarization of primary human macrophages over time in vitro, highlighting the capability to leverage biotin-avidin interactions to modulate the macrophage phenotype. These results demonstrate a versatile and modular strategy to impart immunomodulatory activity to biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B Lurier
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Victoria A Nash
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hannah S Abee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5612, Netherlands
| | - Tamar B Wissing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5612, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5612, Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5612, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5612, Netherlands
| | - Anthal I P M Smits
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5612, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5612, Netherlands
| | - Kara L Spiller
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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9
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Abstract
The kidneys are vital organs performing several essential functions. Their primary function is the filtration of blood and the removal of metabolic waste products as well as fluid homeostasis. Renal filtration is the main pathway for drug removal, highlighting the importance of this organ to the growing field of nanomedicine. The kidneys (i) have a key role in the transport and clearance of nanoparticles (NPs), (ii) are exposed to potential NPs’ toxicity, and (iii) are the targets of diseases that nanomedicine can study, detect, and treat. In this review, we aim to summarize the latest research on kidney-nanoparticle interaction. We first give a brief overview of the kidney’s anatomy and renal filtration, describe how nanoparticle characteristics influence their renal clearance, and the approaches taken to image and treat the kidney, including drug delivery and tissue engineering. Finally, we discuss the future and some of the challenges faced by nanomedicine.
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10
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Abstract
Globally, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the foremost cause of end-stage renal disease. With the incidence of diabetes increasing day by day, DN's occurrence is expected to surge to pandemic proportions. Current available therapeutic interventions associated with DN emphasize blood pressure, glycemia and lipid control while ignoring DN's progression mechanism at a molecular level. This review sheds light on the molecular insights involved in DN to help understand the initiation and progression pattern. Further, we summarize novel strategies with reported applications in developing a nanomedicine-based platform for DN-targeted drug delivery to improve drug efficacy and safety.
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11
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Dugal-Tessier J, Thirumalairajan S, Jain N. Antibody-Oligonucleotide Conjugates: A Twist to Antibody-Drug Conjugates. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040838. [PMID: 33670689 PMCID: PMC7922418 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A summary of the key technological advancements in the preparation of antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates (AOCs) and the distinct advantages and disadvantages of AOCs as novel therapeutics are presented. The merits and demerits of the different approaches to conjugating oligonucleotides to antibodies, antibody fragments or other proteins, mainly from the perspective of AOC purification and analytical characterizations, are assessed. The lessons learned from in vitro and in vivo studies, especially the findings related to silencing, trafficking, and cytotoxicity of the conjugates, are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Dugal-Tessier
- NJ Bio, 675 US Highway 1, Suite B129, North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-732-202-5664
| | | | - Nareshkumar Jain
- NJ Bio, 675 US Highway 1, Suite B129, North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA;
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12
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van Asbeck AH, Dieker J, Boswinkel M, van der Vlag J, Brock R. Kidney-targeted therapies: A quantitative perspective. J Control Release 2020; 328:762-775. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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13
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Chen Z, Peng H, Zhang C. Advances in kidney-targeted drug delivery systems. Int J Pharm 2020; 587:119679. [PMID: 32717283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The management and treatment of kidney diseases currently have caused a huge global burden. Although the application of nanotechnology for the therapy of kidney diseases is still at an early stages, it has profound potential of development. More and more nano-based drug delivery systems provide novel solutions for the treatment of kidney diseases. This article summarizes the physiological and anatomical properties of the kidney and the biological and physicochemical characters of drug delivery systems, which affects the ability of drug to target the kidney, and highlights the prospects, opportunities, and challenges of nanotechnology in the therapy of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus of Harbin Medical University, 1 Xinyang Rd, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Haisheng Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus of Harbin Medical University, 1 Xinyang Rd, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Changmei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Daqing Campus of Harbin Medical University, 1 Xinyang Rd, Daqing 163319, China.
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14
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Raval N, Jogi H, Gondaliya P, Kalia K, Tekade RK. Cyclo-RGD Truncated Polymeric Nanoconstruct with Dendrimeric Templates for Targeted HDAC4 Gene Silencing in a Diabetic Nephropathy Mouse Model. Mol Pharm 2020; 18:641-666. [PMID: 32453574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a chronic progressive kidney disease, is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus. Dysregulation of the histone deacetylases (HDACs) gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of DN. Hence, the HDAC-inhibitors have emerged as a critical class of therapeutic agents in DN; however, the currently available HDAC4-inhibitors are mostly nonselective in nature as well as inhibit multiple HDACs. RNA interference of HDAC4 (HDAC4 siRNA) has shown immense promise, but the clinical translation has been impeded due to lack of a targeted, specific, and in vivo applicable delivery modality. In the present investigation, we examined Cyclo(RGDfC) (cRGD) truncated polymeric nanoplex with dendrimeric templates for targeted HDAC4 Gene Silencing. The developed nanoplex exhibited enhanced encapsulation of siRNA and offered superior protection against serum RNase nucleases degradation. The nanoplex was tested on podocytes (in vitro), wherein it showed selective binding to the αvβ3 integrin receptor, active cellular uptake, and significant in vitro gene silencing. The in vivo experiments showed remarkable suppression of the HDAC4 and inhibition in the progression of renal fibrosis in the Streptozotocin (STZ) induced DN C57BL/6 mice model. Histopathological and toxicological studies revealed nonsignificant abnormality/toxicity with the nanoplex. Conclusively, nanoplex was found as a promising tactic for targeted therapy of podocytes and could be extended for other kidney-related ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Raval
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj (An Institute of National Importance), Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Hardi Jogi
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj (An Institute of National Importance), Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Piyush Gondaliya
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj (An Institute of National Importance), Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj (An Institute of National Importance), Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh K Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj (An Institute of National Importance), Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
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15
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Liu C, Hu Y, Lin J, Fu H, Lim LY, Yuan Z. Targeting strategies for drug delivery to the kidney: From renal glomeruli to tubules. Med Res Rev 2018; 39:561-578. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Ping Liu
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu China
| | - You Hu
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu China
| | - Ju‐Chun Lin
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu China
| | - Hua‐Lin Fu
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu China
| | - Lee Yong Lim
- Pharmacy, Centre for Optimization of Medicines, School of Allied Health, The University of Western AustraliaCrawley Australia
| | - Zhi‐Xiang Yuan
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu China
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16
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Oroojalian F, Rezayan AH, Shier WT, Abnous K, Ramezani M. Megalin-targeted enhanced transfection efficiency in cultured human HK-2 renal tubular proximal cells using aminoglycoside-carboxyalkyl- polyethylenimine -containing nanoplexes. Int J Pharm 2017; 523:102-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bäumer
- Deparment of Medicine A, Hematology and
Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, Muenster, DE 48149, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E. Berdel
- Deparment of Medicine A, Hematology and
Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, Muenster, DE 48149, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bäumer
- Deparment of Medicine A, Hematology and
Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, Muenster, DE 48149, Germany
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18
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Jain A, Cheng K. The principles and applications of avidin-based nanoparticles in drug delivery and diagnosis. J Control Release 2017; 245:27-40. [PMID: 27865853 PMCID: PMC5222781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Avidin-biotin interaction is one of the strongest non-covalent interactions in the nature. Avidin and its analogues have therefore been extensively utilized as probes and affinity matrices for a wide variety of applications in biochemical assays, diagnosis, affinity purification, and drug delivery. Recently, there has been a growing interest in exploring this non-covalent interaction in nanoscale drug delivery systems for pharmaceutical agents, including small molecules, proteins, vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and nucleic acids. Particularly, the ease of fabrication without losing the chemical and biological properties of the coupled moieties makes the avidin-biotin system a versatile platform for nanotechnology. In addition, avidin-based nanoparticles have been investigated as diagnostic systems for various tumors and surface antigens. In this review, we will highlight the various fabrication principles and biomedical applications of avidin-based nanoparticles in drug delivery and diagnosis. The structures and biochemical properties of avidin, biotin and their respective analogues will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Jain
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, United States
| | - Kun Cheng
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, United States.
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19
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Wang LL, Burdick JA. Engineered Hydrogels for Local and Sustained Delivery of RNA-Interference Therapies. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6:10.1002/adhm.201601041. [PMID: 27976524 PMCID: PMC5226889 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It has been nearly two decades since RNA-interference (RNAi) was first reported. While there are no approved clinical uses, several phase II and III clinical trials suggest the great promise of RNAi therapeutics. One challenge for RNAi therapies is the controlled localization and sustained presentation to target tissues, to both overcome systemic toxicity concerns and to enhance in vivo efficacy. One approach that is emerging to address these limitations is the entrapment of RNAi molecules within hydrogels for local and sustained release. In these systems, nucleic acids are either delivered as siRNA conjugates or within nanoparticles. A plethora of hydrogels has been implemented using these approaches, including both traditional hydrogels that have already been developed for other applications and new hydrogels developed specifically for RNAi delivery. These hydrogels have been applied to various applications in vivo, including cancer, bone regeneration, inflammation and cardiac repair. This review will examine the design and implementation of such hydrogel RNAi systems and will cover the most recent applications of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo L. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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20
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Pathogenesis of proteinuria in idiopathic minimal change disease: molecular mechanisms. Pediatr Nephrol 2016; 31:2179-2189. [PMID: 27384691 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-016-3379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Minimal change disease (MCD) is the most common type of nephrotic syndrome in children and adolescents. The pathogenesis of proteinuria in this condition is currently being reassessed. Following the Shalhoub hypothesis, most efforts have been placed on identifying the putative circulating factor, but recent advancement in podocyte biology has focused attention on the molecular changes at the glomerular capillary wall, which could explain the mechanism of proteinuria in MCD. This report critically reviews current knowledge on the different postulated mechanisms at the glomerular capillary wall level for increased permeability to plasma proteins in MCD. The report helps describe the rationale behind novel therapies and suggests future targeted therapies for MCD.
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21
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Pullen N, Fornoni A. Drug discovery in focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. Kidney Int 2016; 89:1211-20. [PMID: 27165834 PMCID: PMC4875964 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2015.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high medical burden experienced by patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, the etiology of the condition remains largely unknown. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is highly heterogeneous in clinical and morphologic manifestations. While this presents challenges for the development of new treatments, research investments over the last 2 decades have yielded a surfeit of potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. The development of many of those ideas and concepts into new therapies, however, has been very disappointing. Here, we describe some of the factors that have potentially contributed to the poor translational performance from this research investment, including the confidence we ascribe to a target, the conduct of experimental studies, and the availability of selective reagents to test hypotheses. We will discuss the significance of genetic and systems traits as well as other methods for reducing bias. We will analyze the limitations of a successful drug development. We will use specific examples hoping that these will guide a consensus for investment and drive greater translational quality. We hope that this substrate will serve to exemplify the tremendous opportunity for intervention as well as facilitate greater collaborative effort between industry, academia, and private foundations in promoting appropriate validation of these targets. Only then will we have achieved our goal for curative therapies for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Pullen
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Drug Discovery Center and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
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22
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Podocyte directed therapy of nephrotic syndrome-can we bring the inside out? Pediatr Nephrol 2016; 31:393-405. [PMID: 25939817 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-015-3116-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Several of the drugs currently used for the treatment of glomerular diseases are prescribed for their immunotherapeutic or anti-inflammatory properties, based on the current understanding that glomerular diseases are mediated by immune responses. In recent years our understanding of podocytic signalling pathways and the crucial role of genetic predispositions in the pathology of glomerular diseases has broadened. Delineation of those signalling pathways supports the hypothesis that several of the medications and immunosuppressive agents used to treat glomerular diseases directly target glomerular podocytes. Several central downstream signalling pathways merge into regulatory pathways of the podocytic actin cytoskeleton and its connection to the slit diaphragm. The slit diaphragm and the cytoskeleton of the foot process represent a functional unit. A breakdown of the cytoskeletal backbone of the foot processes leads to internalization of slit diaphragm molecules, and internalization of slit diaphragm components in turn negatively affects cytoskeletal signalling pathways. Podocytes display a remarkable ability to recover from complete effacement and to re-form interdigitating foot processes and intact slit diaphragms after pharmacological intervention. This ability indicates an active inside-out signalling machinery which stabilizes integrin complex formations and triggers the recycling of slit diaphragm molecules from intracellular compartments to the cell surface. In this review we summarize current evidence from patient studies and model organisms on the direct impact of immunosuppressive and supportive drugs on podocyte signalling pathways. We highlight new therapeutic targets that may open novel opportunities to enhance and stabilize inside-out pathways in podocytes.
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23
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Bäumer N, Appel N, Terheyden L, Buchholz F, Rossig C, Müller-Tidow C, Berdel WE, Bäumer S. Antibody-coupled siRNA as an efficient method for in vivo mRNA knockdown. Nat Protoc 2015; 11:22-36. [PMID: 26633129 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2015.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Knockdown of genes by RNA interference (RNAi) in vitro requires methods of transfection or transduction, both of which have limited impact in vivo. As a virus-free approach, we chemically coupled cell surface receptors internalizing antibodies to the short interfering RNA (siRNA) carrier peptide protamine using the bispecific cross-linker sulfo-SMCC (sulfosuccinimidyl 4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate). First, protamine was conjugated amino-terminally to sulfo-SMCC, and then this conjugate was coupled via cysteine residues to the IgG backbone to carry siRNA. This complex can efficiently find, bind and internalize into receptor-positive cells in vitro and in vivo, which can be checked by flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy and western blotting. This method obtains results similar to those of siRNA targeting molecules engineered by genetic fusions between receptor-binding and siRNA carrier units, with the advantage of using readily available purified proteins without the need for engineering, expression and purification of respective constructs. The procedure for coupling the complex takes ∼ 2 d, and the functional assays take ∼ 2 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bäumer
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Neele Appel
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Lisa Terheyden
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Frank Buchholz
- University Cancer Center (UCC), Medical Systems Biology, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Rossig
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Department of Medicine IV, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E Berdel
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bäumer
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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24
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Lal MA, Young KW, Andag U. Targeting the podocyte to treat glomerular kidney disease. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:1228-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Ishida R, Kami D, Kusaba T, Kirita Y, Kishida T, Mazda O, Adachi T, Gojo S. Kidney-specific Sonoporation-mediated Gene Transfer. Mol Ther 2015; 24:125-34. [PMID: 26419704 PMCID: PMC4754547 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sonoporation can deliver agents to target local organs by systemic administration, while decreasing the associated risk of adverse effects. Sonoporation has been used for a variety of materials and in a variety of organs. Herein, we demonstrated that local sonoporation to the kidney can offer highly efficient transfer of oligonucleotides, which were systemically administrated to the tubular epithelium with high specificity. Ultrasonic wave irradiation to the kidney collapsed the microbubbles and transiently affected the glomerular filtration barrier and increased glomerular permeability. Oligonucleotides were passed through the barrier all at once and were absorbed throughout the tubular epithelium. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), which plays a central role in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, was targeted using small interfering RNA (siRNA) with renal sonoporation in a murine model. The reduction of TNFα expression after single gene transfer significantly inhibited the expression of kidney injury markers, suggesting that systemic administration of siRNA under temporary and local sonoporation could be applicable in the clinical setting of ischemic acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ishida
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kami
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kusaba
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuhei Kirita
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsunao Kishida
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaomi Adachi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Gojo
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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26
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Visweswaran GRR, Gholizadeh S, Ruiters MHJ, Molema G, Kok RJ, Kamps JAAM. Targeting Rapamycin to Podocytes Using a Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1)-Harnessed SAINT-Based Lipid Carrier System. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138870. [PMID: 26407295 PMCID: PMC4583306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Together with mesangial cells, glomerular endothelial cells and the basement membrane, podocytes constitute the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) of the kidney. Podocytes play a pivotal role in the progression of various kidney-related diseases such as glomerular sclerosis and glomerulonephritis that finally lead to chronic end-stage renal disease. During podocytopathies, the slit-diaphragm connecting the adjacent podocytes are detached leading to severe loss of proteins in the urine. The pathophysiology of podocytopathies makes podocytes a potential and challenging target for nanomedicine development, though there is a lack of known molecular targets for cell selective drug delivery. To identify VCAM-1 as a cell-surface receptor that is suitable for binding and internalization of nanomedicine carrier systems by podocytes, we investigated its expression in the immortalized podocyte cell lines AB8/13 and MPC-5, and in primary podocytes. Gene and protein expression analyses revealed that VCAM-1 expression is increased by podocytes upon TNFα-activation for up to 24 h. This was paralleled by anti-VCAM-1 antibody binding to the TNFα-activated cells, which can be employed as a ligand to facilitate the uptake of nanocarriers under inflammatory conditions. Hence, we next explored the possibilities of using VCAM-1 as a cell-surface receptor to deliver the potent immunosuppressant rapamycin to TNFα-activated podocytes using the lipid-based nanocarrier system Saint-O-Somes. Anti-VCAM-1-rapamycin-SAINT-O-Somes more effectively inhibited the cell migration of AB8/13 cells than free rapamycin and non-targeted rapamycin-SAINT-O-Somes indicating the potential of VCAM-1 targeted drug delivery to podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Ram R. Visweswaran
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Shima Gholizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel H. J. Ruiters
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Grietje Molema
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robbert J. Kok
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan. A. A. M. Kamps
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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27
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Dieter BP, Alicic RZ, Meek RL, Anderberg RJ, Cooney SK, Tuttle KR. Novel Therapies for Diabetic Kidney Disease: Storied Past and Forward Paths. Diabetes Spectr 2015; 28:167-74. [PMID: 26300609 PMCID: PMC4536640 DOI: 10.2337/diaspect.28.3.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
IN BRIEF Current therapeutic approaches are only moderately efficacious at preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). As the number of people with DKD continues to rise worldwide, there is an urgent need for novel therapies. A better understanding of the root causes and molecular mechanisms of DKD pathogenesis has enabled the identification of numerous new therapeutic targets, including advanced glycation end products, reactive oxygen species, protein kinase C, and serum amyloid A. Although experimental studies have illustrated the potential of such approaches, challenges in clinical translation remain a barrier in therapeutic development. Advances in preclinical safety and efficacy evaluations and improved delivery systems may aid in clinical translation of novel DKD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad P. Dieter
- Providence Medical Research Center, Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Spokane, WA
| | - Radica Z. Alicic
- Providence Medical Research Center, Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Spokane, WA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Rick L. Meek
- Providence Medical Research Center, Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Spokane, WA
| | - Robert J. Anderberg
- Providence Medical Research Center, Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Spokane, WA
| | - Sheryl K. Cooney
- Providence Medical Research Center, Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Spokane, WA
| | - Katherine R. Tuttle
- Providence Medical Research Center, Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Spokane, WA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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28
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Glebova K, Reznik ON, Reznik AO, Mehta R, Galkin A, Baranova A, Skoblov M. siRNA technology in kidney transplantation: current status and future potential. BioDrugs 2015; 28:345-61. [PMID: 24573958 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-014-0087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kidney transplantation is one of the most common transplantation operations in the world, accounting for up to 50 % of all transplantation surgeries. To curtail the damage to transplanted organs that is caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury and the recipient's immune system, small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology is being explored. Importantly, the kidney as a whole is a preferential site for non-specific systemic delivery of siRNA. To date, most attempts at siRNA-based therapy for transplantation-related conditions have remained at the in vitro stage, with only a few of them being advanced into animal models. Hydrodynamic intravenous injection of naked or carrier-bound siRNAs is currently the most common route for delivery of therapeutic constructs. To our knowledge, no systematic screens for siRNA targets most relevant for kidney transplantation have been attempted so far. A majority of researchers have arrived at one or another target of interest by analyzing current literature that dissects pathological processes taking place in transplanted organs. A majority of the genes that make up the list of 53 siRNA targets that have been tested in transplantation-related models so far belong to either apoptosis- or immune rejection-centered networks. There is an opportunity for therapeutic siRNA combinations that may be delivered within the same delivery vector or injected at the same time and, by targeting more than one pathway, or by hitting the same pathways within two different key points, will augment the effects of each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Glebova
- Research Center for Medical Genetics, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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29
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Mehta G, Scheinman RI, Holers VM, Banda NK. A New Approach for the Treatment of Arthritis in Mice with a Novel Conjugate of an Anti-C5aR1 Antibody and C5 Small Interfering RNA. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:5446-54. [PMID: 25917104 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune joint disease in which the complement system plays an important role. Of the several components of complement, current evidence points to C5 as the most important inducer of inflammation. Several groups generated Abs or small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or small molecule inhibitors against C5 and C5aR1 (CD88) that have showed some efficacy in RA in animal models. However, none of these candidate therapeutics has moved from bench to bedside. In this study, we test in collagen Ab-induced arthritis (CAIA) a new therapeutic strategy using a novel anti-C5ab-C5 siRNA conjugate. We first demonstrate that although C5aR2 or C5L2 (GPR77) plays no role in CAIA, C5aR1 contributes to pathogenesis. We demonstrate that injection of siRNAs blocking C5, C5aR1, or the combination decreased clinical disease activity in mice with CAIA by 45%, 51%, and 58%, respectively. Anti-C5 Ab (BB5.1) has only limited efficacy, but significantly reduced arthritis up to 66%. We then generated a novel anti-C5aR1 Ab-protamine-C5 siRNA conjugate. To our knowledge, we show for the first time that whereas unconjugated Ab plus siRNAs reduce arthritis by 19%, our anti-C5aR1 Ab-protamine-C5 siRNA conjugate was effective in reducing arthritis by 83% along with a parallel decrease in histopathology, C3 deposition, neutrophils, and macrophages in the joints of mice with CAIA. These data suggest that by targeting anti-C5 siRNAs to the receptor for its C5a activation fragment (C5aR1), a striking clinical effect can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Mehta
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045; and
| | - Robert I Scheinman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045; and
| | - Nirmal K Banda
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045; and
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30
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Zuckerman JE, Gale A, Wu P, Ma R, Davis ME. siRNA delivery to the glomerular mesangium using polycationic cyclodextrin nanoparticles containing siRNA. Nucleic Acid Ther 2015; 25:53-64. [PMID: 25734248 PMCID: PMC4376487 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2014.0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for new therapies that can halt or reverse the course of chronic kidney disease with minimal side-effect burden on the patient. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) nanoparticles are new therapeutic entities in clinical development that could be useful for chronic kidney disease treatment because they combine the tissue-specific targeting properties of nanoparticles with the gene-specific silencing effects of siRNA. Recent reports have emerged demonstrating that the kidney, specifically the glomerulus, is a readily accessible site for nanoparticle targeting. Here, we explore the hypothesis that intravenously administered polycationic cyclodextrin nanoparticles containing siRNA (siRNA/CDP-NPs) can be used for delivery of siRNA to the glomerular mesangium. We demonstrate that siRNA/CDP-NPs localize to the glomerular mesangium with limited deposition in other areas of the kidney after intravenous injection. Additionally, we report that both mouse and human mesangial cells rapidly internalize siRNA/CDP-NPs in vitro and that nanoparticle uptake can be enhanced by attaching the targeting ligands mannose or transferrin to the nanoparticle surface. Lastly, we show knockdown of mesangial enhanced green fluorescent protein expression in a reporter mouse strain following iv treatment with siRNA/CDP-NPs. Altogether, these data demonstrate the feasibility of mesangial targeting using intravenously administered siRNA/CDP-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aaron Gale
- Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Peiwen Wu
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Mark E. Davis
- Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
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31
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Bäumer S, Bäumer N, Appel N, Terheyden L, Fremerey J, Schelhaas S, Wardelmann E, Buchholz F, Berdel WE, Müller-Tidow C. Antibody-mediated delivery of anti-KRAS-siRNA in vivo overcomes therapy resistance in colon cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:1383-94. [PMID: 25589625 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE KRAS mutations are frequent driver mutations in multiple cancers. KRAS mutations also induce anti-EGFR antibody resistance in adenocarcinoma such as colon cancer. The aim of this study was to overcome anti-EGFR antibody resistance by coupling the antibody to KRAS-specific siRNA. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The anti-EGFR antibody was chemically coupled to siRNA. The resulting complex was tested for antibody binding efficiency, serum stability and ability to deliver siRNA to EGFR-expressing cells. Western blotting, viability, apoptosis, and colony formation assays were performed for efficacy evaluation in vitro. Furthermore, therapeutic activity of the antibody-KRAS-siRNA complexes was examined in in vivo xenograft mouse tumor models. RESULTS Antibody-siRNA complexes were targeted and internalized via the EGFR receptor. Upon internalization, target gene expression was strongly and specifically repressed, followed by a reduced proliferation and viability, and induced apoptosis of the cells in vitro. Clonogenic growth of mutant KRAS-bearing cells was suppressed by KRAS-siRNA-anti-EGFR antibody complexes. In xenograft mouse models, anti-EGFR antibody-KRAS-siRNA complexes significantly slowed tumor growth in anti-EGFR-resistant cells. CONCLUSIONS The coupling of siRNA against KRAS to anti-EGFR antibodies provides a novel therapy approach for KRAS-mutated EGFR-positive cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. These findings provide an innovative approach for cancer-specific siRNA application and for enhanced therapeutic potential of monoclonal antibody therapy and personalized treatment of cancer entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bäumer
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology/Oncology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
| | - Nicole Bäumer
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology/Oncology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Neele Appel
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology/Oncology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Lisa Terheyden
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology/Oncology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Julia Fremerey
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology/Oncology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Sonja Schelhaas
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Eva Wardelmann
- Gerhard-Domagk Institute for Pathology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Frank Buchholz
- UCC, Medical Systems Biology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E Berdel
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology/Oncology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology/Oncology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany. Department of Medicine IV, Hematology and Oncology, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.
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32
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Falke LL, Gholizadeh S, Goldschmeding R, Kok RJ, Nguyen TQ. Diverse origins of the myofibroblast—implications for kidney fibrosis. Nat Rev Nephrol 2015; 11:233-44. [PMID: 25584804 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2014.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the common end point of chronic kidney disease. The persistent production of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors leads to an ongoing process of extracellular matrix production that eventually disrupts the normal functioning of the organ. During fibrosis, the myofibroblast is commonly regarded as the predominant effector cell. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated a diverse origin of myofibroblasts in kidney fibrosis. Proposed major contributors of myofibroblasts include bone marrow-derived fibroblasts, tubular epithelial cells, endothelial cells, pericytes and interstitial fibroblasts; the published data, however, have not yet clearly defined the relative contribution of these different cellular sources. Myofibroblasts have been reported to originate from various sources, irrespective of the nature of the initial damage responsible for the induction of kidney fibrosis. Here, we review the possible relevance of the diversity of myofibroblast progenitors in kidney fibrosis and the implications for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Specifically, we discuss the current status of preclinical and clinical antifibrotic therapy and describe targeting strategies that might help support resident and circulating cells to maintain or regain their original functional differentiation state. Such strategies might help these cells resist their transition to a myofibroblast phenotype to prevent, or even reverse, the fibrotic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas L Falke
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, H04.312, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Shima Gholizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Roel Goldschmeding
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, H04.312, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Robbert J Kok
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tri Q Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, H04.312, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Hayashi K, Itoh H. Transcription Factors and Epigenetic Modulation: Its Therapeutic Implication in Chronic Kidney Disease. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2014; 63:193-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-014-0326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gao S, Hein S, Dagnæs-Hansen F, Weyer K, Yang C, Nielsen R, Christensen EI, Fenton RA, Kjems J. Megalin-mediated specific uptake of chitosan/siRNA nanoparticles in mouse kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells enables AQP1 gene silencing. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 4:1039-51. [PMID: 25157280 PMCID: PMC4142293 DOI: 10.7150/thno.7866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
RNAi-based strategies provide a great therapeutic potential for treatment of various human diseases including kidney disorders, but face the challenge of in vivo delivery and specific targeting. The chitosan delivery system has previously been shown to target siRNA specifically to the kidneys in mice when administered intravenously. Here we confirm by 2D and 3D bioimaging that chitosan formulated siRNA is retained in the kidney for more than 48 hours where it accumulates in proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTECs), a process that was strongly dependent on the molecular weight of chitosan. Chitosan/siRNA nanoparticles, administered to chimeric mice with conditional knockout of the megalin gene, distributed almost exclusively in cells that expressed megalin, implying that the chitosan/siRNA particle uptake was mediated by a megalin-dependent endocytotic pathway. Knockdown of the water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1) by up to 50% in PTECs was achieved utilizing the systemic i.v. delivery of chitosan/AQP1 siRNA in mice. In conclusion, specific targeting PTECs with the chitosan nanoparticle system may prove to be a useful strategy for knockdown of specific genes in PTECs, and provides a potential therapeutic strategy for treating various kidney diseases.
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Nilius B, Szallasi A. Transient Receptor Potential Channels as Drug Targets: From the Science of Basic Research to the Art of Medicine. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 66:676-814. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.008268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Image-based analysis of lipid nanoparticle-mediated siRNA delivery, intracellular trafficking and endosomal escape. Nat Biotechnol 2013; 31:638-46. [PMID: 23792630 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.2612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 978] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) remains a key challenge in the development of RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics. A better understanding of the mechanisms of siRNA cellular uptake, intracellular transport and endosomal release could critically contribute to the improvement of delivery methods. Here we monitored the uptake of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) loaded with traceable siRNAs in different cell types in vitro and in mouse liver by quantitative fluorescence imaging and electron microscopy. We found that LNPs enter cells by both constitutive and inducible pathways in a cell type-specific manner using clathrin-mediated endocytosis as well as macropinocytosis. By directly detecting colloidal-gold particles conjugated to siRNAs, we estimated that escape of siRNAs from endosomes into the cytosol occurs at low efficiency (1-2%) and only during a limited window of time when the LNPs reside in a specific compartment sharing early and late endosomal characteristics. Our results provide insights into LNP-mediated siRNA delivery that can guide development of the next generation of delivery systems for RNAi therapeutics.
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Hussain AF, Tur MK, Barth S. An aptamer-siRNA chimera silences the eukaryotic elongation factor 2 gene and induces apoptosis in cancers expressing αvβ3 integrin. Nucleic Acid Ther 2013; 23:203-12. [PMID: 23544955 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2012.0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) silence gene expression by triggering the sequence-specific degradation of mRNAs, but the targeted delivery of such reagents remains challenging and a significant obstacle to therapeutic applications. One promising approach is the use of RNA aptamers that bind tumor-associated antigens to achieve the delivery of siRNAs to tumor cells displaying specific antigens. Wholly RNA-based constructs are advantageous because they are inexpensive to synthesize and their immunogenicity is low. We therefore joined an aptamer-recognizing alpha V and integrin beta 3 (αvβ3) integrin to a siRNA that targets eukaryotic elongation factor 2 and achieved for the first time the targeted delivery of a siRNA to tumor cells expressing αvβ3 integrin, causing the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis specifically in tumor cells. The impact of our results on the development of therapeutic aptamer-siRNA constructs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Fawzi Hussain
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Aachen, Germany
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Guzman-Villanueva D, El-Sherbiny IM, Herrera-Ruiz D, Vlassov AV, Smyth HDC. Formulation approaches to short interfering RNA and MicroRNA: challenges and implications. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:4046-66. [PMID: 22927140 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference has emerged as a potentially powerful tool in the treatment of genetic and acquired diseases by delivering short interfering RNA (siRNA) or microRNA (miRNA) to target genes, resulting in their silencing. However, many physicochemical and biological barriers have to be overcome to obtain efficient in vivo delivery of siRNA and miRNA molecules to the organ/tissue of interest, thereby enabling their effective clinical therapy. This review discusses the challenges associated with the use of siRNA and miRNA and describes the nonviral delivery strategies used in overcoming these barriers. More specifically, emphasis has been placed on those technologies that have progressed to clinical trials for both local and systemic siRNA and miRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Guzman-Villanueva
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas 78712-0120, USA
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Improved intratumoral delivery of PEG-coated siRNA-lipoplexes by combination with metronomic S-1 dosing in a murine solid tumor model. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2012; 2:77-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-012-0059-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The mouse is the most widely used model organism to study gene function in the kidney in vivo. Here we review recent advances in technologies to manipulate the mouse genome and gene function to study renal biology. We discuss strengths and weaknesses of the approaches and provide examples in which they have been used to address renal questions. In addition, we provide a summary of the available resources of mouse tools and gene-targeting consortia. RECENT FINDINGS Although conventional gene-targeting and spontaneous genetic mutations in mice have provided great insights into kidney function over several decades, the addition of powerful renal-specific gene-targeting tools and the advent of RNA technologies to manipulate gene function in vivo allow investigators to address research questions more precisely in the laboratory. Together with the establishment of multiple international consortia to target all the genes in the mouse genome and the development of gene trap and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea resources, genetic manipulation in mice has become more efficient. SUMMARY The availability of newer technologies and tremendous resources for mouse strains and reagents ensures that the mouse will remain a key model organism to study renal function.
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El Hindi S, Reiser J. TRPC channel modulation in podocytes-inching toward novel treatments for glomerular disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2011; 26:1057-64. [PMID: 21161284 PMCID: PMC3098353 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-010-1718-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Glomerular kidney disease is a major healthcare burden and considered to represent a sum of disorders that evade a refined and effective treatment. Excellent biological and genetic studies have defined pathways that go awry in podocytes, which are the regulatory cells of the glomerular filter. The question now is how to define targets for novel improved therapies. In this review, we summarize critical points around targeting the TRPC6 channel in podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafic El Hindi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Leonard Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Leonard Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA
- Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1580 NW 10th Avenue, Batchelor Bldg, 6th Fl (R-762), Miami, FL 33136 USA
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Jefferson JA, Alpers CE, Shankland SJ. Podocyte biology for the bedside. Am J Kidney Dis 2011; 58:835-45. [PMID: 21715071 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The explosion of podocyte biology during the last decade has radically altered our views on the pathophysiologic process of proteinuria, glomerular disease, and progressive kidney disease. In this review, we highlight some of these landmark findings, but focus on recent advances in the field and implications for translating this biology into therapy for podocyte diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ashley Jefferson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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