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Li Q, Sun S, Zuo B, Lian C, Tang W, Xu H, Lu W. Novel Clinical Manifestation and Favorable Treatment Outcome of Cochlear Implant in a Chinese Family With Likely Pathogenic Variant of the P2RX2 Gene. Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63877. [PMID: 39258340 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
The rapid development and clinical application of sequencing technologies enable the genetic diagnosis of inherited deafness. P2RX2, as the gene responsible for autosomal dominant non-syndromic deafness-41 (DFNA41), has been proven to be essential for life-long normal hearing and for the protection of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Our present study reports a missense variant in the P2RX2 gene (c.178G > T (p.V60L)), for the second time worldwide, in a five-generation kindred living in Henan, China. Despite carrying the same variant, the affected members in this family appear to present with earlier-onset hearing loss and poorer hearing compared to the original DFNA41 families. In addition, this study supplements some content that was not covered in previous reports. We quantitatively evaluated the pain perception ability of some members using the Pain Vision PS-2100 system, and further found an interesting clinical manifestation, that is, hyperalgesia, in heterozygotes for P2RX2 p.V60L. The cochlear implant (CI) was also provided for the proband of profound deafness, resulting in satisfactory clinical outcomes. Finally, we carried out a systematic review of recently published articles on the P2RX2 gene, which is beneficial for better understanding the role of the P2RX2 gene in the auditory system and the pathogenic mechanisms in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuping Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Zuo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chengyu Lian
- Precision Medicine Center, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenxue Tang
- Precision Medicine Center, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Research and Application Center of Precision Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongen Xu
- Precision Medicine Center, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Research and Application Center of Precision Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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2
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Valentine WJ, Shimizu T, Shindou H. Lysophospholipid acyltransferases orchestrate the compositional diversity of phospholipids. Biochimie 2023; 215:24-33. [PMID: 37611890 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs), in concert with glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPATs) and phospholipase A1/2s, orchestrate the compositional diversity of the fatty chains in membrane phospholipids. Fourteen LPLAT enzymes which come from two distinct families, AGPAT and MBOAT, have been identified, and in this mini-review we provide an overview of their roles in de novo and remodeling pathways of membrane phospholipid biosynthesis. Recently new nomenclature for LPLATs has been introduced (LPLATx, where x is a number 1-14), and we also give an overview of key biological functions that have been discovered for LPLAT1-14, revealed primarily through studies of LPLAT-gene-deficient mice as well as by linkages to various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Valentine
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan; Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Hideo Shindou
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan; Department of Lipid Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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3
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Yang B, Yu N. Traditional Chinese medicine alleviating neuropathic pain targeting purinergic receptor P2 in purinergic signaling: A review. Brain Res Bull 2023; 204:110800. [PMID: 37913850 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Past studies have suggested that Chinese herbal may alleviate neuropathic pain, and the mechanism might target the inhibition of purinergic receptor P2. This review discusses whether traditional Chinese medicine target P2 receptors in neuropathic pain and its mechanism in order to provide references for future clinical drug development. The related literatures were searched from Pubmed, Embase, Sinomed, and CNKI databases before June 2023. The search terms included"neuropathic pain", "purinergic receptor P2", "P2", "traditional Chinese medicine", "Chinese herbal medicine", and "herb". We described the traditional Chinese medicine alleviating neuropathic pain via purinergic receptor P2 signaling pathway including P2X2/3 R, P2X3R, P2X4R, P2X7R, P2Y1R. Inhibition of activating glial cells, changing synaptic transmission, increasing painful postsynaptic potential, and activating inflammatory signaling pathways maybe the mechanism. Purine receptor P2 can mediate the occurrence of neuropathic pain. And many of traditional Chinese medicines can target P2 receptors to relieve neuropathic pain, which provides reasonable evidences for the future development of drugs. Also, the safety and efficacy and mechanism need more in-depth experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Center for Psychosomatic Medicine,Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health,Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611135, China
| | - Nengwei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
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Sharif NA. PAF-induced inflammatory and immuno-allergic ophthalmic diseases and their mitigation with PAF receptor antagonists: Cell and nuclear effects. Biofactors 2022; 48:1226-1249. [PMID: 35594054 PMCID: PMC10084252 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ocular allergies are becoming more prevalent as more airborne pollutants, irritants and microbes pervade our environment. Inflammatory and allergic mediators released by dendritic and mast cells within the conjunctiva cause allergic conjunctivitis (AC), a prevalent ocular surface disorder that affects >40% of the world's human population on a seasonal or perennial basis. Even though histamine is a major culprit, platelet-activating factor (PAF) also contributes to AC, acting either directly or synergistically with histamine and other mediators. PAF receptor-meditated inflammatory reactions, via cell-membrane-bound and nuclear-membrane-bound and nuclear PAF receptors, are also implicated in the etiology of other eye diseases such as uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, corneal and choroidal neovascularization, and age-related macular degeneration which cause serious visual impairment and can lead to blindness. This review highlights the various deleterious elements implicated in the pathological aspects of ocular allergic reactions and inflammation and provides concepts and treatment options to mitigate these eye disorders with a special focus on PAF and PAF receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najam A Sharif
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, UK
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, SingHealth, Singapore, Singapore
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5
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Yamamoto S, Hashidate-Yoshida T, Shimizu T, Shindou H. Profiling of fatty acid metabolism in the dorsal root ganglion after peripheral nerve injury. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2022; 3:948689. [PMID: 35965594 PMCID: PMC9372306 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.948689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) induces neuronal hyperexcitability, which underlies neuropathic pain. The emergence of RNA sequencing technologies has enabled profiling of transcriptional changes in pathological conditions. However, these approaches do not provide information regarding metabolites such as lipids that are not directly encoded by genes. Fatty acids (FAs) are some of the essential lipids in mammalian organisms and are mainly stored as membrane phospholipids. In response to various biological stimuli, FAs are rapidly released and converted into several mediators, such as eicosanoids and docosanoids. FAs themselves or their metabolites play important roles in physiology and pathology. In this study, using a comprehensive lipidomic analysis of FA metabolites, 152 species were measured in the dorsal root ganglia of mice at multiple time points after PNI. We found that PNI increased the ω-6 FA metabolites produced by cyclooxygenases but not those produced by lipoxygenases or cytochrome P450 enzymes in the dorsal root ganglia. In contrast, ω-3 FA metabolites biosynthesized by any enzyme transiently increased after nerve injury. Overall, these findings provide a new resource and valuable insights into PNI pathologies, including pain and nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Yamamoto
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shota Yamamoto
| | | | - Takao Shimizu
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Shindou
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Lipid Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Hideo Shindou
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Rawish E, Langer HF. Platelets and the Role of P2X Receptors in Nociception, Pain, Neuronal Toxicity and Thromboinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6585. [PMID: 35743029 PMCID: PMC9224425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X receptors belong to a family of cation channel proteins, which respond to extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). These receptors have gained increasing attention in basic and translational research, as they are central to a variety of important pathophysiological processes such as the modulation of cardiovascular physiology, mediation of nociception, platelet and macrophage activation, or neuronal-glial integration. While P2X1 receptor activation is long known to drive platelet aggregation, P2X7 receptor antagonists have recently been reported to inhibit platelet activation. Considering the role of both P2X receptors and platelet-mediated inflammation in neuronal diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke, targeting purinergic receptors may provide a valuable novel therapeutic approach in these diseases. Therefore, the present review illuminates the role of platelets and purinergic signaling in these neurological conditions to evaluate potential translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Rawish
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany;
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Harald F. Langer
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany;
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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7
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Inoue K. Overview for the study of P2 receptors: From P2 receptor history to neuropathic pain studies. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 149:73-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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8
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The Role of ATP Receptors in Pain Signaling. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2454-2468. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03516-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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9
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Valentine WJ, Yanagida K, Kawana H, Kono N, Noda NN, Aoki J, Shindou H. Update and nomenclature proposal for mammalian lysophospholipid acyltransferases which create membrane phospholipid diversity. J Biol Chem 2021; 298:101470. [PMID: 34890643 PMCID: PMC8753187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of glycerophospholipid species in cellular membranes is immense and affects various biological functions. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPATs) and lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs), in concert with phospholipase A1/2s enzymes, contribute to this diversity via selective esterification of fatty acyl chains at the sn-1 or sn-2 positions of membrane phospholipids. These enzymes are conserved across all kingdoms, and in mammals four GPATs of the 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (AGPAT) family and at least 14 LPLATs, either of the AGPAT or the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) families, have been identified. Here we provide an overview of the biochemical and biological activities of these mammalian enzymes, including their predicted structures, involvements in human diseases, and essential physiological roles as revealed by gene-deficient mice. Recently, the nomenclature used to refer to these enzymes has generated some confusion due to the use of multiple names to refer to the same enzyme and instances of the same name being used to refer to completely different enzymes. Thus, this review proposes a more uniform LPLAT enzyme nomenclature, as well as providing an update of recent advances made in the study of LPLATs, continuing from our JBC mini review in 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Valentine
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yanagida
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kawana
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nozomu Kono
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nobuo N Noda
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hideo Shindou
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; Department of Lipid Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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10
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Wilson SH, Hellman KM, James D, Adler AC, Chandrakantan A. Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Medical Management of Hyperalgesia: an Educational Review. CURRENT ANESTHESIOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40140-021-00485-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Linher-Melville K, Shah A, Singh G. Sex differences in neuro(auto)immunity and chronic sciatic nerve pain. Biol Sex Differ 2020; 11:62. [PMID: 33183347 PMCID: PMC7661171 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain occurs with greater frequency in women, with a parallel sexually dimorphic trend reported in sufferers of many autoimmune diseases. There is a need to continue examining neuro-immune-endocrine crosstalk in the context of sexual dimorphisms in chronic pain. Several phenomena in particular need to be further explored. In patients, autoantibodies to neural antigens have been associated with sensory pathway hyper-excitability, and the role of self-antigens released by damaged nerves remains to be defined. In addition, specific immune cells release pro-nociceptive cytokines that directly influence neural firing, while T lymphocytes activated by specific antigens secrete factors that either support nerve repair or exacerbate the damage. Modulating specific immune cell populations could therefore be a means to promote nerve recovery, with sex-specific outcomes. Understanding biological sex differences that maintain, or fail to maintain, neuroimmune homeostasis may inform the selection of sex-specific treatment regimens, improving chronic pain management by rebalancing neuroimmune feedback. Given the significance of interactions between nerves and immune cells in the generation and maintenance of neuropathic pain, this review focuses on sex differences and possible links with persistent autoimmune activity using sciatica as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Linher-Melville
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anita Shah
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gurmit Singh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Inoue K. Nociceptive signaling of P2X receptors in chronic pain states. Purinergic Signal 2020; 17:41-47. [PMID: 33015745 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09743-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
P2X3 monomeric receptors (P2X3Rs) and P2X2/3 heteromeric receptors (P2X2/3Rs) in primary sensory neurons and microglial P2X4 monomeric receptors (P2X4Rs) in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) play important roles in neuropathic pain. In particular, P2X4R in the spinal microglia during peripheral nerve injury (PNI), experimental autoimmune neuritis, and herpes models are useful to explore the potential strategies for developing new drugs to treat neuropathic pain. Recently, novel P2X4 antagonists, NP-1815-PX and NC-2600, were developed, which demonstrated potent and specific inhibition against rodent and human P2X4Rs. The phase I study of NC-2600 has been completed, and no serious side effects were reported. The roles played by purinergic receptors in evoking neuropathic pain provide crucial insights into the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Inoue
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Lacerda DR, Soares DD, Costa KA, Nunes-Silva A, Rodrigues DF, Sabino JL, Silveira ALM, Pinho V, Vieira ÉLM, Menezes GB, Antunes MM, Teixeira MM, Ferreira AVM. Mechanisms underlying fat pad remodeling induced by fasting: role of PAF receptor. Nutrition 2020; 71:110616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Valentine WJ, Hashidate-Yoshida T, Yamamoto S, Shindou H. Biosynthetic Enzymes of Membrane Glycerophospholipid Diversity as Therapeutic Targets for Drug Development. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1274:5-27. [PMID: 32894505 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-50621-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Biophysical properties of membranes are dependent on their glycerophospholipid compositions. Lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs) selectively incorporate fatty chains into lysophospholipids to affect the fatty acid composition of membrane glycerophospholipids. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases (LPAATs) of the 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (AGPAT) family incorporate fatty chains into phosphatidic acid during the de novo glycerophospholipid synthesis in the Kennedy pathway. Other LPLATs of both the AGPAT and the membrane bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) families further modify the fatty chain compositions of membrane glycerophospholipids in the remodeling pathway known as the Lands' cycle. The LPLATs functioning in these pathways possess unique characteristics in terms of their biochemical activities, regulation of expressions, and functions in various biological contexts. Essential physiological functions for LPLATs have been revealed in studies using gene-deficient mice, and important roles for several enzymes are also indicated in human diseases where their mutation or dysregulation causes or contributes to the pathological condition. Now several LPLATs are emerging as attractive therapeutic targets, and further understanding of the mechanisms underlying their physiological and pathological roles will aid in the development of novel therapies to treat several diseases that involve altered glycerophospholipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Valentine
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Molecular Therapy, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | - Shota Yamamoto
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Shindou
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Lipid Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
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15
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Forty Years Since the Structural Elucidation of Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF): Historical, Current, and Future Research Perspectives. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234414. [PMID: 31816871 PMCID: PMC6930554 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the late 1960s, Barbaro and Zvaifler described a substance that caused antigen induced histamine release from rabbit platelets producing antibodies in passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Henson described a ‘soluble factor’ released from leukocytes that induced vasoactive amine release in platelets. Later observations by Siraganuan and Osler observed the existence of a diluted substance that had the capacity to cause platelet activation. In 1972, the term platelet-activating factor (PAF) was coined by Benveniste, Henson, and Cochrane. The structure of PAF was later elucidated by Demopoulos, Pinckard, and Hanahan in 1979. These studies introduced the research world to PAF, which is now recognised as a potent phospholipid mediator. Since its introduction to the literature, research on PAF has grown due to interest in its vital cell signalling functions and more sinisterly its role as a pro-inflammatory molecule in several chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and cancer. As it is forty years since the structural elucidation of PAF, the aim of this review is to provide a historical account of the discovery of PAF and to provide a general overview of current and future perspectives on PAF research in physiology and pathophysiology.
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Kita Y, Shindou H, Shimizu T. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 and lysophospholipid acyltransferases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:838-845. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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17
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Yu H, Dilbaz S, Coßmann J, Hoang AC, Diedrich V, Herwig A, Harauma A, Hoshi Y, Moriguchi T, Landgraf K, Körner A, Lucas C, Brodesser S, Balogh L, Thuróczy J, Karemore G, Kuefner MS, Park EA, Rapp C, Travers JB, Röszer T. Breast milk alkylglycerols sustain beige adipocytes through adipose tissue macrophages. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:2485-2499. [PMID: 31081799 PMCID: PMC6546455 DOI: 10.1172/jci125646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of obesity among infants and children below 5 years of age is rising dramatically, and early childhood obesity is a forerunner of obesity and obesity-associated diseases in adulthood. Childhood obesity is hence one of the most serious public health challenges today. Here, we have identified a mother-to-child lipid signaling that protects from obesity. We have found that breast milk-specific lipid species, so-called alkylglycerol-type (AKG-type) ether lipids, which are absent from infant formula and adult-type diets, maintain beige adipose tissue (BeAT) in the infant and impede the transformation of BeAT into lipid-storing white adipose tissue (WAT). Breast milk AKGs are metabolized by adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) to platelet-activating factor (PAF), which ultimately activates IL-6/STAT3 signaling in adipocytes and triggers BeAT development in the infant. Accordingly, lack of AKG intake in infancy leads to a premature loss of BeAT and increases fat accumulation. AKG signaling is specific for infants and is inactivated in adulthood. However, in obese adipose tissue, ATMs regain their ability to metabolize AKGs, which reduces obesity. In summary, AKGs are specific lipid signals of breast milk that are essential for healthy adipose tissue development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sedat Dilbaz
- Institute of Neurobiology, and
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Akiko Harauma
- Department of Food and Life Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yukino Hoshi
- Department of Food and Life Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toru Moriguchi
- Department of Food and Life Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christina Lucas
- Lipidomics Facility, CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susanne Brodesser
- Lipidomics Facility, CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lajos Balogh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Public Health Center (NPHC), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Julianna Thuróczy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Public Health Center (NPHC), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gopal Karemore
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Scott Kuefner
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Edwards A. Park
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christine Rapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
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18
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Shimizu H, Ito A, Sakurada K, Nakamura J, Tanaka K, Komatsu M, Takeda M, Saito K, Endo Y, Kozaki T, Shoda M, Kuriyama H. AK106-001616, a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of Cytosolic Phospholipase A 2: In Vivo Efficacy for Inflammation, Neuropathic Pain, and Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 369:511-522. [PMID: 30971478 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.255034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
3-[3-Amino-4-(indan-2-yloxy)-5-(1-methyl-1H-indazol-5-yl)-phenyl]-propionic acid (AK106-001616) is a novel, potent, and selective inhibitor of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) enzyme. Unlike traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, AK106-001616 reduced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production by stimulated cells. The suppression of PGE2 and LTB4 production was also confirmed using an air pouch model in rats administered a single oral dose of AK106-001616. AK106-001616 alleviated paw swelling in a rat adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model. The maximum effect of the inhibitory effect of AK106-001616 was comparable with that of naproxen on paw swelling in a rat AIA model. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effect of AK106-001616 was more effective than that of naproxen in the mouse collagen antibody-induced arthritis model with leukotrienes contributing to the pathogenesis. AK106-001616 dose dependently reversed the decrease in paw withdrawal threshold not only in rat carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia, but also in a rat neuropathic pain model induced by sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI). However, naproxen and celecoxib did not reverse the decrease in the paw withdrawal threshold in the CCI model. Furthermore, AK106-001616 reduced the disease score of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rats. In addition, AK106-001616 did not enhance aspirin-induced gastric damage in fasted rats, increase blood pressure, or increase the thromboxane A2/ prostaglandin I2 ratio that is thought to be an underlying mechanism of thrombotic cardiovascular events increased by selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Taken together, these data demonstrate that oral AK106-001616 may provide valuable effects for wide indications without attendant gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotomo Shimizu
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akitoshi Ito
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Sakurada
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Junji Nakamura
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tanaka
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Komatsu
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Mineko Takeda
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Saito
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yukiko Endo
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohito Kozaki
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Motoshi Shoda
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuriyama
- Laboratories for Pharmacology (H.S., A.I., Ka.S., J.N., K.T., M.K., M.T., Ke.S., Y.E., H.K.), Safety Assessment and ADME (T.K.), and Medicinal Chemistry (M.S.), Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Co. Ltd., Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
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19
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Hamel-Côté G, Gendron D, Rola-Pleszczynski M, Stankova J. Regulation of platelet-activating factor-mediated protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B activation by a Janus kinase 2/calpain pathway. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180336. [PMID: 28686728 PMCID: PMC5501562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a pro-inflammatory condition underlying many cardiovascular diseases. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) are actively involved in the onset and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. The involvement of monocyte-derived macrophages is well characterized in the installation of inflammatory conditions in the plaque, but less is known about the contribution of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs). In the same way, the involvement of calcium, phospholipase C and A2 in PAF-induced IL-6 production, in different cells types, has been shown; however, the importance of the Jak/STAT pathway and its regulation by protein-tyrosine phosphatases in this response have not been addressed. In this study, we report that PAF stimulates PTP1B activity via Jak2, thereby modulating PAF-induced IL-6 production. Using HEK 293 cells stably transfected with the PAF receptor in order to discriminate the pathway components, our results suggest that Jak2 modulates PAF-induced IL-6 production via both positive and negative pathways. Jak2 kinase activity was necessary for maximal transactivation of the IL-6 promoter, as seen by luciferase assays, whereas the same kinase also downregulated this promoter transactivation through the activation of a calcium/calpain/PTP1B pathway. The same pathways were operational in monocyte-derived dendritic cells, since PAF-induced PTP1B activation negatively regulated PAF-induced IL-6 mRNA production and, in addition, Jak2 activated calpain, one of the components involved in PAF-induced PTP1B activation. Results obtained in this study indicate that Jak2 activation is important for maximal IL-6 promoter transactivation by PAF and that PTP1B is involved in the negative regulation of this transactivation. However, PTP1B does not directly regulate Jak2 activation, but rather Jak2 regulates PAF-induced PTP1B activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Hamel-Côté
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Gendron
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Marek Rola-Pleszczynski
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jana Stankova
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- * E-mail:
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20
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Hellman KM, Yu PY, Oladosu FA, Segel C, Han A, Prasad PV, Jilling T, Tu FF. The Effects of Platelet-Activating Factor on Uterine Contractility, Perfusion, Hypoxia, and Pain in Mice. Reprod Sci 2017. [PMID: 28631554 DOI: 10.1177/1933719117715122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is widely hypothesized that menstrual pain is triggered by prostaglandin synthesis that evokes high-pressure uterine contractions and ischemia. However, the effects of molecules implicated in menstrual pain on uterine contractility, perfusion, and oxygenation in vivo have been rarely demonstrated. Studies in women that do not respond to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have reported elevated levels of platelet-activating factor (PAF). To establish in vivo evidence of PAF's capability to impair uterine homeostasis and to elicit visceral pain, we examined the effects of the PAF receptor agonist (carbamyl PAF [CPAF]) in comparison to other molecules hypothesized to play a role in uterine pain in mice. Uterine pressure was increased by oxytocin, prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), and CPAF. Even in the absence of inflammatory molecules, uterine contractions reduced uterine oxygenation by 38%. CPAF reduced uterine perfusion by 40% ± 8% and elicited further oxygen desaturation approaching hypoxia (9.4 ± 3.4 mm Hg Pao2). Intraperitoneal injections of CPAF and PGF2α evoked visceral pain and pelvic hyperalgesia in awake wild-type mice. However, pain was not observed in identically injected PAF-receptor knockout mice. Thus, our model provides a demonstration that a molecule implicated in NSAID-resistant dysmenorrhea has a detrimental effect on uterine homeostasis and is capable of causing visceral pain. Our results support the general hypothesis that menstrual cramps are caused by uterine contractions, impaired perfusion, and reduced oxygenation. Since this study was limited to mice, confirmation of these results in humans would be valuable for development of novel therapeutics targeted at inflammatory precursors, contractility, perfusion, and tissue oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Hellman
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- 2 Deptartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter Y Yu
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Folabomi A Oladosu
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- 2 Deptartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chaya Segel
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Alice Han
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Pottumarthi V Prasad
- 3 Department of Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Tamas Jilling
- 4 Department of Pediatrics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Frank F Tu
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- 2 Deptartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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21
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Sato A, Ebina K. A biotinylated peptide, BP21, as a novel potent anti-anaphylactic agent targeting platelet-activating factor. J Pept Sci 2017. [PMID: 28627122 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an important mediator of anaphylaxis and is therefore an anti-anaphylactic drug target. We recently reported that synthetic N-terminally biotinylated peptides (BP4-BP29) inhibit PAF by directly interacting with PAF and its metabolite/precursor lyso-PAF. In this study, we investigated whether the biotinylated peptides can inhibit anaphylactic reactions in vivo. In mouse models of anaphylaxis, one of the peptides, BP21, markedly and dose-dependently inhibited hypothermia with a maximum dose-response within 30 min after administration, even at doses 20 times lesser than doses of the known PAF antagonist CV-3988. In contrast, the anti-hypothermic effect of BGP21, in which the Tyr-Lys-Asp-Gly sequence in BP21 was modified to a Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly sequence, was less than that of BP21. The alanine scanning and shuffling the amino acid residues of BP4 (Tyr-Lys-Asp-Gly) demonstrated that the Tyr-Lys-Asp-Gly consensus sequence is important for the inhibitory effect of the peptide on hypothermia. BP21 also suppressed vascular permeability during anaphylaxis with a maximum dose-response within 30 min of administration. In a rat model of hind paw oedema, BP21 significantly inhibited the oedema induced by PAF but not that induced by the other pro-inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, serotonin, and bradykinin. Tryptophan fluorescence measurements showed that BP21 interacted with PAF, but not with histamine, serotonin, or bradykinin. In contrast, BGP21 did not interact with PAF. These results suggest that biotinylated peptides, especially BP21, can specifically and markedly inhibit anaphylactic reactions in vivo and that this involves direct interaction of its Tyr-Lys-Asp-Gly region with PAF. Therefore, a biotinylated peptide, BP21, can be used as novel potential anti-anaphylactic drugs targeting PAF. Copyright © 2017 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Sato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Iwaki Meisei University, 5-5-1 Chuodai-Iino, Iwaki, Fukushima, 970-8551, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ebina
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Iwaki Meisei University, 5-5-1 Chuodai-Iino, Iwaki, Fukushima, 970-8551, Japan
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22
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Li ZY, Chung YH, Shin EJ, Dang DK, Jeong JH, Ko SK, Nah SY, Baik TG, Jhoo JH, Ong WY, Nabeshima T, Kim HC. YY-1224, a terpene trilactone-strengthened Ginkgo biloba, attenuates neurodegenerative changes induced by β-amyloid (1-42) or double transgenic overexpression of APP and PS1 via inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:94. [PMID: 28449688 PMCID: PMC5408406 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0866-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ginkgo biloba has been reported to possess free radical-scavenging antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory properties. In our pilot study, YY-1224, a terpene trilactone-strengthened extract of G. biloba, showed anti-inflammatory, neurotrophic, and antioxidant effects. RESULTS We investigated the pharmacological potential of YY-1224 in β-amyloid (Aβ) (1-42)-induced memory impairment using cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) knockout (-/-) and APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic (APP/PS1 Tg) mice. Repeated treatment with YY-1224 significantly attenuated Aβ (1-42)-induced memory impairment in COX-2 (+/+) mice, but not in COX-2 (-/-) mice. YY-1224 significantly attenuated Aβ (1-42)-induced upregulation of platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor gene expression, reactive oxygen species, and pro-inflammatory factors. In addition, YY-1224 significantly inhibited Aβ (1-42)-induced downregulation of PAF-acetylhydrolase-1 (PAF-AH-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) gene expression. These changes were more pronounced in COX-2 (+/+) mice than in COX-2 (-/-) mice. YY-1224 significantly attenuated learning impairment, Aβ deposition, and pro-inflammatory microglial activation in APP/PS1 Tg mice, whereas it significantly enhanced PAF-AH and PPARγ expression. A preferential COX-2 inhibitor, meloxicam, did not affect the pharmacological activity by YY-1224, suggesting that the COX-2 gene is a critical mediator of the neuroprotective effects of YY-1224. The protective activity of YY-1224 appeared to be more efficacious than a standard G. biloba extract (Gb) against Aβ insult. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the protective effects of YY-1224 against Aβ toxicity may be associated with its PAF antagonistic- and PPARγ agonistic-potential as well as inhibition of the Aβ-mediated pro-inflammatory switch of microglia phenotypes through suppression of COX-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yi Li
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Chung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Duy-Khanh Dang
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kwon Ko
- Department of Oriental Medical Food and Nutrition, Semyung University, Jecheon, 27136 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gon Baik
- R&D Center, Yuyu Pharma, Seoul, 04598 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyeong Jhoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Wei-Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260 Singapore
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Nabeshima Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8503 Japan
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341 Republic of Korea
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23
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Shindou H, Shiraishi S, Tokuoka SM, Takahashi Y, Harayama T, Abe T, Bando K, Miyano K, Kita Y, Uezono Y, Shimizu T. Relief from neuropathic pain by blocking of the platelet-activating factor-pain loop. FASEB J 2017; 31:2973-2980. [PMID: 28341636 PMCID: PMC5471516 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601183r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain resulting from peripheral neuronal damage is largely resistant to treatment with currently available analgesic drugs. Recently, ATP, lysophosphatidic acid, and platelet-activating factor (PAF) have been reported to play important inductive roles in neuropathic pain. In the present study, we found that pain-like behaviors resulting from partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSL) were largely attenuated by deficiency of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT)2, which is one of the PAF biosynthetic enzymes. By contrast, deficiency of the other PAF biosynthetic enzyme, LPCAT1, did not ameliorate neuropathic pain. With regard to the mechanism of the observed effects, LPCAT2 was detected in wild-type spinal cord microglia, and the absence of LPCAT2 expression precluded spinal PAF expression in LPCAT2-knockout mice. Furthermore, ATP-stimulated PAF biosynthesis in macrophages was decreased by pretreatment with the PAF receptor antagonist ABT-491, indicating the existence of a positive feedback loop of PAF biosynthesis, which we designated the PAF-pain loop. In conclusion, LPCAT2 is a novel therapeutic target for newly categorized analgesic drugs; in addition, our data call for the re-evaluation of the clinical utility of PAF receptor antagonists.-Shindou, H., Shiraishi, S., Tokuoka, S. M., Takahashi Y., Harayama, T., Abe, T., Bando, K., Miyano, K., Kita, Y., Uezono, Y., Shimizu, T. Relief from neuropathic pain by blocking of the platelet-activating factor-pain loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Shindou
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; .,Agency for Research and Medical Development (AMED), Tokyo Japan.,Department of Lipid Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Shiraishi
- Agency for Research and Medical Development (AMED), Tokyo Japan.,Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Suzumi M Tokuoka
- Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Yoshikazu Takahashi
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Harayama
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaya Abe
- Genetic Engineering Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Japan; and
| | - Kana Bando
- Genetic Engineering Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Japan; and.,Animal Resource Development Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Japan; and
| | - Kanako Miyano
- Agency for Research and Medical Development (AMED), Tokyo Japan.,Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Yoshihiro Kita
- Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and.,Life Sciences Core Facility, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Agency for Research and Medical Development (AMED), Tokyo Japan.,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Supportive Care Research, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Life Sciences Core Facility, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Zhang A, Wang K, Ding L, Bao X, Wang X, Qiu X, Liu J. Bay11-7082 attenuates neuropathic pain via inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B and nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome activation in dorsal root ganglions in a rat model of lumbar disc herniation. J Pain Res 2017; 10:375-382. [PMID: 28243141 PMCID: PMC5315342 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s119820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is an important cause of radiculopathy, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Many studies suggested that local inflammation, rather than mechanical compression, results in radiculopathy induced by LDH. On the molecular and cellular level, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome have been implicated in the regulation of neuroinflammation formation and progression. In this study, the autologous nucleus pulposus (NP) was implanted in the left L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) to mimic LDH in rats. We investigated the expression of NF-κB and the components of NLRP3 inflammasome in the DRG neurons in rats. Western blotting and immunofluorescence for the related molecules, including NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing caspase-1 activator domain (ASC), caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, IκBα, p-IκBα, p65, p-p65, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were examined. In the NP-treated group, the activations of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, p-IκBα, and p-p65 in DRG neurons in rats were elevated at 1 day after surgery, and the peak occurred at 7 days. Treatment with Bay11-7082, an inhibitor of the actions of IKK-β, was able to inhibit expression and activation of the molecules (NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, p-IκBα, and p-p65) and relieve the pain in rats. Our study shows that NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome are involved in the maintenance of NP-induced pain, and that Bay11-7082 could alleviate mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia by inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailiang Zhang
- Spine Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Spine Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianghua Ding
- Spine Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinnan Bao
- Spine Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Spine Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xubin Qiu
- Spine Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Spine Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
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25
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Romero-Alejo E, Puig MM, Romero A. Antihyperalgesic effects of dexketoprofen and tramadol in a model of postoperative pain in mice - effects on glial cell activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:1041-50. [PMID: 27291294 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To define likely targets (i.e. glia) and protocols (analgesic combinations) to improve postoperative pain outcomes and reduce chronic pain after surgery. Specifically, to assess the antihyperalgesic effects of the dexketoprofen : tramadol (DEX : TRM) combination, exploring the implication of glial activation. METHODS In a mouse model of postincisional pain, we evaluated mechanical nociceptive thresholds (Von Frey) for 21 days postoperatively. We assessed DEX and TRM alone and combined (1 : 1 ratio) on postoperative hyperalgesia (POH, day 1) and delayed latent pain sensitisation (substantiated by a naloxone challenge; PS, day 21). The interactions were analysed using isobolograms, and concomitant changes in spinal glial cell activation were measured. KEY FINDINGS On day 1, DEX completely blocked POH, whereas TRM induced 32% inhibition. TRM, but not DEX, partially (47%) protected against PS, at 21 days. Co-administration of DEX : TRM (1 : 1 ratio) showed additivity for antihyperalgesia. Both drugs and their combination totally inhibited surgery-induced microglia activation on day 1, but had no effect on surgery-induced astrocyte activation (1 day) or re-activation after naloxone (21 days). CONCLUSIONS The DEX : TRM combination could have clinical advantages: a complete prevention of POH after surgery, together with a substantial (48%) inhibition of the development of PS by TRM. Microglia, but not astrocyte activation, could play a relevant role in the development of postoperative pain hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Romero-Alejo
- Pain Research Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita M Puig
- Pain Research Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Asunción Romero
- Pain Research Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
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Helley M, Abate W, Jackson S, Bennett J, Thompson S. The expression of Toll-like receptor 4, 7 and co-receptors in neurochemical sub-populations of rat trigeminal ganglion sensory neurons. Neuroscience 2015; 310:686-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kemp SWP, Szynkaruk M, Stanoulis KN, Wood MD, Liu EH, Willand MP, Morlock L, Naidoo J, Williams NS, Ready JM, Mangano TJ, Beggs S, Salter MW, Gordon T, Pieper AA, Borschel GH. Pharmacologic rescue of motor and sensory function by the neuroprotective compound P7C3 following neonatal nerve injury. Neuroscience 2014; 284:202-216. [PMID: 25313000 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nerve injuries cause pain, paralysis and numbness that can lead to major disability, and newborns often sustain nerve injuries during delivery that result in lifelong impairment. Without a pharmacologic agent to enhance functional recovery from these injuries, clinicians rely solely on surgery and rehabilitation to treat patients. Unfortunately, patient outcomes remain poor despite application of the most advanced microsurgical and rehabilitative techniques. We hypothesized that the detrimental effects of traumatic neonatal nerve injury could be mitigated with pharmacologic neuroprotection, and tested whether the novel neuroprotective agent P7C3 would block peripheral neuron cell death and enhance functional recovery in a rat neonatal nerve injury model. Administration of P7C3 after sciatic nerve crush injury doubled motor and sensory neuron survival, and also promoted axon regeneration in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with P7C3 also enhanced behavioral and muscle functional recovery, and reversed pathological mobilization of spinal microglia after injury. Our findings suggest that the P7C3 family of neuroprotective compounds may provide a basis for the development of a new neuroprotective drug to enhance recovery following peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W P Kemp
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - M Szynkaruk
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - K N Stanoulis
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M D Wood
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E H Liu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M P Willand
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Morlock
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - J Naidoo
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - N S Williams
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - J M Ready
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - T J Mangano
- Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - S Beggs
- The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M W Salter
- The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - T Gordon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A A Pieper
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Veterans Affairs, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - G H Borschel
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Department of Surgery and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Caboni P, Liori B, Kumar A, Santoru ML, Asthana S, Pieroni E, Fais A, Era B, Cacace E, Ruggiero V, Atzori L. Metabolomics analysis and modeling suggest a lysophosphocholines-PAF receptor interaction in fibromyalgia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107626. [PMID: 25238064 PMCID: PMC4169547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a chronic disease characterized by widespread pain, and difficult to diagnose and treat. We analyzed the plasma metabolic profile of patients with FMS by using a metabolomics approach combining Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole-Time Of Flight/Mass Spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF/MS) with multivariate statistical analysis, aiming to discriminate patients and controls. LC-Q-TOF/MS analysis of plasma (FMS patients: n = 22 and controls: n = 21) identified many lipid compounds, mainly lysophosphocholines (lysoPCs), phosphocholines and ceramides. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to identify the discriminating metabolites. A protein docking and molecular dynamic (MD) study was then performed, using the most discriminating lysoPCs, to validate the binding to Platelet Activating Factor (1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, PAF) Receptor (PAFr). Discriminating metabolites between FMS patients and controls were identified as 1-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine [PC(14∶0/0∶0)] and 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine [PC(16∶0/0∶0)]. MD and docking indicate that the ligands investigated have similar potentialities to activate the PAFr receptor. The application of a metabolomic approach discriminated FMS patients from controls, with an over-representation of PC(14∶0/0∶0) and PC(16∶0/0∶0) compounds in the metabolic profiles. These results and the modeling of metabolite-PAFr interaction, allowed us to hypothesize that lipids oxidative fragmentation might generate lysoPCs in abundance, that in turn will act as PAF-like bioactivators. Overall results suggest disease biomarkers and potential therapeutical targets for FMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Caboni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Barbara Liori
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Biomedicine Department, CRS4, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Shailendra Asthana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Fais
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Benedetta Era
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enrico Cacace
- Department of Medical Sciences “Mario Aresu”, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Valeria Ruggiero
- Department of Medical Sciences “Mario Aresu”, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luigi Atzori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Correa-Costa M, Andrade-Oliveira V, Braga TT, Castoldi A, Aguiar CF, Origassa CST, Rodas ACD, Hiyane MI, Malheiros DMAC, Rios FJO, Jancar S, Câmara NOS. Activation of platelet-activating factor receptor exacerbates renal inflammation and promotes fibrosis. J Transl Med 2014; 94:455-66. [PMID: 24492283 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2013.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a lipid mediator with important pro-inflammatory effects, being synthesized by several cell types including kidney cells. Although there is evidence of its involvement in acute renal dysfunction, its role in progressive kidney injury is not completely known. In the present study, we investigated the role of PAF receptor (PAFR) in an experimental model of chronic renal disease. Wild-type (WT) and PAFR knockout (KO) mice underwent unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO), and at kill time, urine and kidney tissue was collected. PAFR KO animals compared with WT mice present: (a) less renal dysfunction, evaluated by urine protein/creatinine ratio; (b) less fibrosis evaluated by collagen deposition, type I collagen, Lysyl Oxidase-1 (LOX-1) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) gene expression, and higher expression of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) (3.3-fold lower TGF-β/BMP-7 ratio); (c) downregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and adhesion molecule-related machinery genes; and (d) lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These indicate that PAFR engagement by PAF or PAF-like molecules generated during UUO potentiates renal dysfunction and fibrosis and might promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Also, early blockade of PAFR after UUO leads to a protective effect, with less fibrosis deposition. In conclusion, PAFR signaling contributes to a pro-inflammatory environment in the model of obstructive nephropathy, favoring the fibrotic process, which lately will generate renal dysfunction and progressive organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Correa-Costa
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Andrade-Oliveira
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tarcio T Braga
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristhiane F Aguiar
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Andrea C D Rodas
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Meire I Hiyane
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco J O Rios
- 1] Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil [2] British Heart Foundation, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sonia Jancar
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels O S Câmara
- 1] Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil [2] Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Morita K, Shiraishi S, Motoyama N, Kitayama T, Kanematsu T, Uezono Y, Dohi T. Palliation of bone cancer pain by antagonists of platelet-activating factor receptors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91746. [PMID: 24637403 PMCID: PMC3956712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone cancer pain is the most severe among cancer pain and is often resistant to current analgesics. Thus, the development of novel analgesics effective at treating bone cancer pain are desired. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonists were recently demonstrated to have effective pain relieving effects on neuropathic pain in several animal models. The present study examined the pain relieving effect of PAF receptor antagonists on bone cancer pain using the femur bone cancer (FBC) model in mice. Animals were injected with osteolytic NCTC2472 cells into the tibia, and subsequently the effects of PAF receptor antagonists on pain behaviors were evaluated. Chemical structurally different type of antagonists, TCV-309, BN 50739 and WEB 2086 ameliorated the allodynia and improved pain behaviors such as guarding behavior and limb-use abnormalities in FBC model mice. The pain relieving effects of these antagonists were achieved with low doses and were long lasting. Blockade of spinal PAF receptors by intrathecal injection of TCV-309 and WEB 2086 or knockdown of the expression of spinal PAF receptor protein by intrathecal transfer of PAF receptor siRNA also produced a pain relieving effect. The amount of an inducible PAF synthesis enzyme, lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2 (LPCAT2) protein significantly increased in the spinal cord after transplantation of NCTC 2472 tumor cells into mouse tibia. The combination of morphine with PAF receptor antagonists develops marked enhancement of the analgesic effect against bone cancer pain without affecting morphine-induced constipation. Repeated administration of TCV-309 suppressed the appearance of pain behaviors and prolonged survival of FBC mice. The present results suggest that PAF receptor antagonists in combination with, or without, opioids may represent a new strategy for the treatment of persistent bone cancer pain and improve the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Morita
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Nursing, Hiroshima Bunka Gakuen University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Cancer Pathophysiology, Division National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Basic Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Seiji Shiraishi
- Cancer Pathophysiology, Division National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyo Motoyama
- Cancer Pathophysiology, Division National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Dental Science for Health Promotion, Division of Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kitayama
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Basic Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanematsu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Basic Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Cancer Pathophysiology, Division National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Dohi
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Menezes-Garcia Z, Oliveira MC, Lima RL, Soriani FM, Cisalpino D, Botion LM, Teixeira MM, Souza DG, Ferreira AVM. Lack of platelet-activating factor receptor protects mice against diet-induced adipose inflammation and insulin-resistance despite fat pad expansion. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:663-72. [PMID: 24339378 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on diet-induced inflammatory and metabolic dysfunction is unknown. The effects of diet-induced metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction in mice with deletion of the PAF receptor (PAFR(-/-) ) were evaluated in this study. METHODS Wild-type and PAFR(-/-) mice were fed chow (WT-C and PAFR(-/-) -C) or high-refined carbohydrate-containing diet (WT-HC and PAFR(-/-) -HC). PAFR(-/-) - RESULTS: HC mice gained more weight and adiposity than PAFR(-/-) -C and WT-HC mice. Lipogenesis increased and hormone-sensitive lipase expression decreased in PAFR(-/-) -HC compared to WT-HC mice. WT-HC mice had impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity compared to WT-C mice. In contrast, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in PAFR(-/-) -HC mice were similar to that of lean littermates. PAFR(-/-) -HC mice expressed significantly more peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor gamma (PPARγ) than PAFR(-/-) -C and WT-C mice. Resistin increased in WT-HC mice compared to WT-C mice. However, the levels of resistin were 35% lower in PAFR(-/-) -HC mice than WT-HC mice. PAFR(-/-) presented with less HC diet-induced adipose tissue inflammation than WT mice. Adipocytes isolated from PAFR(-/-) mice incubated in media containing normal or high levels of glucose secreted less interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha and presented lower rate of lipolysis than WT mice. CONCLUSION PAFR deficiency resulted in less inflammation in adipose tissue and improvement in glucose homeostasis when fed the HC diet. The higher adiposity observed in PAFR(-/-) mice fed HC diet could be owing to the maintenance of insulin sensitivity, decreased adipocyte lipolysis rate, high lipogenesis and PPARγ expression, and lower inflammatory milieu in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zélia Menezes-Garcia
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Mei XP, Sakuma Y, Xie C, Wu D, Ho I, Kotani J, Xu LX. Depressing Interleukin-1� Contributed to the Synergistic Effects of Tramadol and Minocycline on Spinal Nerve Ligation-Induced Neuropathic Pain. Neurosignals 2014; 22:30-42. [DOI: 10.1159/000355071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Laycock H, Valente J, Bantel C, Nagy I. Peripheral mechanisms of burn injury-associated pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 716:169-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Nishinaka T, Matsumoto K, Nakamoto K, Anbo A, Mankura M, Koyama Y, Tokuyama S. Elucidation of Mechanisms Underlying Docosahexaenoic Acid-induced Antinociception. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2013; 133:493-9. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.12-00278-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishinaka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Kengo Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Kazuo Nakamoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Akihiro Anbo
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University
| | | | - Yutaka Koyama
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University
| | - Shogo Tokuyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
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Motoyama N, Morita K, Kitayama T, Shiraishi S, Uezono Y, Nishimura F, Kanematsu T, Dohi T. Pain-releasing action of Platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonists in neuropathic pain animal models and the mechanisms of action. Eur J Pain 2013; 17:1156-67. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T. Kitayama
- Department of Dental Pharmacology; Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Hiroshima; Japan
| | - S. Shiraishi
- Cancer Pathophysiology; Division National Cancer Center Research Institute; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Y. Uezono
- Cancer Pathophysiology; Division National Cancer Center Research Institute; Tokyo; Japan
| | - F. Nishimura
- Department of Dental Science for Health Promotion; Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Japan
| | - T. Kanematsu
- Department of Dental Pharmacology; Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Hiroshima; Japan
| | - T. Dohi
- Department of Pharmacotherapy; Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nihon Pharmaceutical University; Saitama; Japan
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Petho G, Reeh PW. Sensory and signaling mechanisms of bradykinin, eicosanoids, platelet-activating factor, and nitric oxide in peripheral nociceptors. Physiol Rev 2013; 92:1699-775. [PMID: 23073630 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00048.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral mediators can contribute to the development and maintenance of inflammatory and neuropathic pain and its concomitants (hyperalgesia and allodynia) via two mechanisms. Activation or excitation by these substances of nociceptive nerve endings or fibers implicates generation of action potentials which then travel to the central nervous system and may induce pain sensation. Sensitization of nociceptors refers to their increased responsiveness to either thermal, mechanical, or chemical stimuli that may be translated to corresponding hyperalgesias. This review aims to give an account of the excitatory and sensitizing actions of inflammatory mediators including bradykinin, prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, and nitric oxide on nociceptive primary afferent neurons. Manifestations, receptor molecules, and intracellular signaling mechanisms of the effects of these mediators are discussed in detail. With regard to signaling, most data reported have been obtained from transfected nonneuronal cells and somata of cultured sensory neurons as these structures are more accessible to direct study of sensory and signal transduction. The peripheral processes of sensory neurons, where painful stimuli actually affect the nociceptors in vivo, show marked differences with respect to biophysics, ultrastructure, and equipment with receptors and ion channels compared with cellular models. Therefore, an effort was made to highlight signaling mechanisms for which supporting data from molecular, cellular, and behavioral models are consistent with findings that reflect properties of peripheral nociceptive nerve endings. Identified molecular elements of these signaling pathways may serve as validated targets for development of novel types of analgesic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Petho
- Pharmacodynamics Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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The role of PAF/PAFR signaling in zymosan-induced articular inflammatory hyperalgesia. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-012-0813-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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LipoxinA(4) induced antinociception and decreased expression of NF-κB and pro-inflammatory cytokines after chronic dorsal root ganglia compression in rats. Eur J Pain 2012; 16:18-27. [PMID: 21658981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory and immune responses following nerve injury have been shown to play an important role in neuropathic pain. Lipoxins are endogenous lipoxygenase-derived eicosanoids performing protective roles in a range of pathophysiologic processes. Here, we examined the effects of intrathecal lipoxinA4 (LXA4) on NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) expression in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) following chronic compression of DRG (CCD), a model of neuropathic pain. Daily intrathecal injection of vehicle or LXA4 (10 ng or 100 ng) was performed for three successive days post-CCD. CCD induced both mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, and increased the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NF-κB. Intrathecal injection of LXA4 prevented the development of neuropathic pain and inhibited NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine upregulation in a dose-dependent manner. In this study, we have shown the strong protective effect of intrathecal LXA4 on the development of nociceptive behaviors induced by CCD and that these effects might be associated with its anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution properties.
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Okubo M, Yamanaka H, Kobayashi K, Kanda H, Dai Y, Noguchi K. Up-regulation of platelet-activating factor synthases and its receptor in spinal cord contribute to development of neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury. Mol Pain 2012; 8:8. [PMID: 22296727 PMCID: PMC3293010 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-8-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platelet-activating factor (PAF; 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is a lipid mediator derived from cell membrane. It has been reported that PAF is involved in various pathological conditions, such as spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, neuropathic pain and intrathecal administration of PAF leads to tactile allodynia. However, the expression of PAF synthases and its receptor in the spinal cord following peripheral nerve injury is unknown. Methods Using the rat spared nerve injury (SNI) model, we investigated the expression of PAF synthases (LPCAT1 and 2) and PAF receptor (PAFr) mRNAs in the spinal cord. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and double-labeling analysis of in situ hybridization histochemistry (ISHH) with immunohistochemistry (IHC) were employed for the analyses. Pain behaviors were also examined with PAFr antagonist (WEB2086). Results RT-PCR showed that LPCAT2 mRNA was increased in the ipsilateral spinal cord after injury, but not LPCAT1 mRNA. Double-labeling of ISHH with IHC revealed that LPCAT1 and 2 mRNAs were constitutively expressed by a subset of neurons, and LPCAT2 mRNA was increased in spinal microglia after nerve injury. RT-PCR showed that PAFr mRNA was dramatically increased in the ipsilateral spinal cord after nerve injury. Double-labeling analysis of ISHH with IHC revealed that after injury PAFr mRNA was predominantly colocalized with microglia in the spinal cord. Continuous intrathecal administration of the PAFr antagonist suppressed mechanical allodynia following peripheral nerve injury. Delayed administration of a PAFr antagonist did not reverse the mechanical allodynia. Conclusions Our data show the histological localization of PAF synthases and its receptor in the spinal cord following peripheral nerve injury, and suggest that PAF/PAFr signaling in the spinal cord acts in an autocrine or paracrine manner among the activated microglia and neurons, thus contributing to development of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Okubo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
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Kusuda R, Cadetti F, Ravanelli MI, Sousa TA, Zanon S, De Lucca FL, Lucas G. Differential expression of microRNAs in mouse pain models. Mol Pain 2011; 7:17. [PMID: 21385380 PMCID: PMC3060138 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-7-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that inhibit translation of target genes by binding to their mRNAs. The expression of numerous brain-specific miRNAs with a high degree of temporal and spatial specificity suggests that miRNAs play an important role in gene regulation in health and disease. Here we investigate the time course gene expression profile of miR-1, -16, and -206 in mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and spinal cord dorsal horn under inflammatory and neuropathic pain conditions as well as following acute noxious stimulation. RESULTS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses showed that the mature form of miR-1, -16 and -206, is expressed in DRG and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Moreover, CFA-induced inflammation significantly reduced miRs-1 and -16 expression in DRG whereas miR-206 was downregulated in a time dependent manner. Conversely, in the spinal dorsal horn all three miRNAs monitored were upregulated. After sciatic nerve partial ligation, miR-1 and -206 were downregulated in DRG with no change in the spinal dorsal horn. On the other hand, axotomy increases the relative expression of miR-1, -16, and 206 in a time-dependent fashion while in the dorsal horn there was a significant downregulation of miR-1. Acute noxious stimulation with capsaicin also increased the expression of miR-1 and -16 in DRG cells but, on the other hand, in the spinal dorsal horn only a high dose of capsaicin was able to downregulate miR-206 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that miRNAs may participate in the regulatory mechanisms of genes associated with the pathophysiology of chronic pain as well as the nociceptive processing following acute noxious stimulation. We found substantial evidence that miRNAs are differentially regulated in DRG and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord under different pain states. Therefore, miRNA expression in the nociceptive system shows not only temporal and spatial specificity but is also stimulus-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Kusuda
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Tsuda
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Hidetoshi Tozaki-Saitoh
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Kazuhide Inoue
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
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