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Lin L, Zou X, Nong W, Ge Y, Li F, Luo B, Zhang Q, Xie X. The potential value of cancer-testis antigens in ovarian cancer: Prognostic markers and targets for immunotherapy. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1284. [PMID: 38896069 PMCID: PMC11186301 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor immunotherapy has become an important adjuvant therapy after surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In recent years, the role of tumor-associated antigen (TAA) in tumor immunotherapy has become increasingly prominent. Cancer-testis antigen (CTA) is a kind of TAA that is highly restricted in a variety of tumors and can induce an immune response. AIMS This review article aimed to evaluate the role of CTA on the progression of ovarian cancer, its diagnostic efficacy, and the potential for immunotherapy. METHODS We analyzed publications and outlined a comprehensive of overview the regulatory mechanism, immunogenicity, clinical expression significance, tumorigenesis, and application prospects of CTA in ovarian cancer, with a particular focus on recent progress in CTA-based immunotherapy. RESULTS The expression of CTA affects the occurrence, development, and prognosis of ovarian cancer and is closely related to tumor immunity. CONCLUSION CTA can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of ovarian cancer and is an ideal target for antitumor immunotherapy. These findings provide novel insights on CTA in the improvement of diagnosis and treatment for ovarian cancer. The successes, current challenges and future prospects were also discussed to portray its significant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiong Zou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Weixia Nong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Ge
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionKey Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qingmei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionKey Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxun Xie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionKey Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment of Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
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2
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Fabrication of alkoxysilane substituted polymer-modified disposable biosensing platform: Toward sperm protein 17 sensing as a new cancer biomarker. Talanta 2022; 243:123376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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3
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Zhao J, Xu Z, Liu Y, Wang X, Liu X, Gao Y, Jin Y. The expression of cancer-testis antigen in ovarian cancer and the development of immunotherapy. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:681-694. [PMID: 35261795 PMCID: PMC8899981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a relatively common tumor in women with the highest mortality among female reproductive system tumors. The lack of apparent early symptoms and effective screening strategies often leads to ovarian cancer being diagnosed at an advanced stage. Immunotherapy relying on tumor-associated antigens might improve the treatment of ovarian cancer. Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are ideal tumor-associated antigens, and MAGE-A, NY-ESO-1, CT45, and Sp17 are classic CTAs highly expressed in ovarian cancer. Here, we review the research on CTAs in ovarian cancer, including prognostic value and advances in immunotherapy, all of which are essential for developing a theoretical basis for targeted therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhaoxu Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning (Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University), Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetic Medicine, National Health Commission of ChinaShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning (Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University), Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetic Medicine, National Health Commission of ChinaShenyang, Liaoning, China
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4
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Poplawska M, Dutta D, Lee Y, Lim SH. Sperm protein 17 targeting for epithelial ovarian cancer treatment in the era of modern immunoengineering. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2021; 23:378-386. [PMID: 34853809 PMCID: PMC8604669 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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5
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Zhu H, Liu H, Wen J, Yuan T, Ren G, Jiang Y, Yuan Y, Mei J, Yu Y, Li G. Overexpression of Human Aspartyl (Asparaginyl) β-hydroxylase in NSCLC: Its Diagnostic Value by Means of Exosomes of Bronchoalveolar Lavage. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 29:720-727. [PMID: 34433181 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The human aspartyl β-hydroxylase (ASPH) is overexpressed in tumor tissues. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a diagnostic procedure for infections and malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate whether tumor exosomes carrying ASPH gene marker were present in bronchoalveolar fluid of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A tissue microarray analysis was applied to explore the expression of ASPH in different histologic NSCLC. The human NSCLC cell lines and normal bronchial cell lines were used to study exosomal ASPH exprerssion. A total of 27 NSCLC, 21 benign tumor, and 15 healthy controls underwent BAL. Immunohistochemistry was performed to study the ASPH expression in malignant and normal lung tissues. The expression characteristics of ASPH in different NSCLC and normal bronchial cells and pneumocytes were confirmed by cell blocks. A reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was carried out to study the levels of exosomal ASPH expression. Immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarray demonstrated that overexpression of ASPH was found in NSCLC tissues including adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, but absent in adjacent normal tissues. All NSCLC specimens exhibited high levels of ASPH immunoreactivity, while nonmalignant and normal lung tissues exhibited a very low level of expression. Overexpression of ASPH was found in exosomes from NSCLC cell lines but absent from the normal bronchial cell line NL-20. ASPH level from BAL exosomes was significantly increased in NSCLC patients compared with that from nonmalignant or health group. Our method of isolation of BAL exosomes was easily performed in the clinical laboratory. BAL exosomal ASPH can be a potential biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohao Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
- Departments of Pathology
| | - Huai Liu
- Jiujiang University Affiliated Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jianfeng Wen
- Neurosurgery, The 908th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force
| | | | | | - Yonqing Jiang
- Jiujiang University Affiliated Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yujun Yuan
- Jiujiang University Affiliated Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jinhong Mei
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
- Jiangxi Huitai Biotech Ltd, Nanchang
| | - Yuefei Yu
- Jiangxi Huitai Biotech Ltd, Nanchang
| | - Guorong Li
- Department of Urology, North Hospital, CHU Saint-Etienne, Saint-Étienne, France
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6
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Zhao C, Zhang W, Gong G, Xie L, Wang MW, Hu Y. A new approach to produce IgG 4-like bispecific antibodies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18630. [PMID: 34545109 PMCID: PMC8452627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97393-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While achieving rapid developments in recent years, bispecific antibodies are still difficult to design and manufacture, due to mispair of both heavy and light chains. Here we report a novel technology to make bispecific molecules. The knob-into-hole method was used to pair two distinct heavy chains as a heterodimer. IgG4 S228P CH1-CL interface was then partially replaced by T-cell receptor α/β constant domain to increase the efficiency of cognate heavy and light chain pairing. Following expression and purification, the bispecific antibody interface exchange was confirmed by Western blotting and LC–MS/MS. To ensure its validity, we combined a monovalent bispecific antibody against PD-1 (sequence from Pembrolizumab) and LAG3 (sequence from Relatlimab). The results showed that the molecule could be assembled correctly at a ratio of 95% in cells. In vitro functional assay demonstrated that the purified bispecific antibody exhibits an enhanced agonist activity compared to that of the parental antibodies. Low immunogenicity was predicted by an open-access software and ADA test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caizhi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.,China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Guihua Gong
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Liping Xie
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ming-Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Youjia Hu
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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7
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Bella Á, Di Trani CA, Fernández-Sendin M, Arrizabalaga L, Cirella A, Teijeira Á, Medina-Echeverz J, Melero I, Berraondo P, Aranda F. Mouse Models of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis to Develop Clinical Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050963. [PMID: 33669017 PMCID: PMC7956655 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Peritoneal carcinomatosis mouse models as a platform to test, improve and/or predict the appropriate therapeutic interventions in patients are crucial to providing medical advances. Here, we overview reported mouse models to explore peritoneal carcinomatosis in translational biomedical research. Abstract Peritoneal carcinomatosis of primary tumors originating in gastrointestinal (e.g., colorectal cancer, gastric cancer) or gynecologic (e.g., ovarian cancer) malignancies is a widespread type of tumor dissemination in the peritoneal cavity for which few therapeutic options are available. Therefore, reliable preclinical models are crucial for research and development of efficacious treatments for this condition. To date, a number of animal models have attempted to reproduce as accurately as possible the complexity of the tumor microenvironment of human peritoneal carcinomatosis. These include: Syngeneic tumor cell lines, human xenografts, patient-derived xenografts, genetically induced tumors, and 3D scaffold biomimetics. Each experimental model has its own strengths and limitations, all of which can influence the subsequent translational results concerning anticancer and immunomodulatory drugs under exploration. This review highlights the current status of peritoneal carcinomatosis mouse models for preclinical development of anticancer drugs or immunotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Bella
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Á.B.); (C.A.D.T.); (M.F.-S.); (L.A.); (A.C.); (Á.T.); (I.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Claudia Augusta Di Trani
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Á.B.); (C.A.D.T.); (M.F.-S.); (L.A.); (A.C.); (Á.T.); (I.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Myriam Fernández-Sendin
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Á.B.); (C.A.D.T.); (M.F.-S.); (L.A.); (A.C.); (Á.T.); (I.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leire Arrizabalaga
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Á.B.); (C.A.D.T.); (M.F.-S.); (L.A.); (A.C.); (Á.T.); (I.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Assunta Cirella
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Á.B.); (C.A.D.T.); (M.F.-S.); (L.A.); (A.C.); (Á.T.); (I.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Teijeira
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Á.B.); (C.A.D.T.); (M.F.-S.); (L.A.); (A.C.); (Á.T.); (I.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Á.B.); (C.A.D.T.); (M.F.-S.); (L.A.); (A.C.); (Á.T.); (I.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Á.B.); (C.A.D.T.); (M.F.-S.); (L.A.); (A.C.); (Á.T.); (I.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Á.B.); (C.A.D.T.); (M.F.-S.); (L.A.); (A.C.); (Á.T.); (I.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (F.A.)
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8
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Stump CT, Ho G, Mao C, Veliz FA, Beiss V, Fields J, Steinmetz NF, Fiering S. Remission-Stage Ovarian Cancer Cell Vaccine with Cowpea Mosaic Virus Adjuvant Prevents Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:627. [PMID: 33562450 PMCID: PMC7915664 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological malignancy. Though most patients enter remission following initial interventions, relapse is common and often fatal. Accordingly, there is a substantial need for ovarian cancer therapies that prevent relapse. Following remission generated by surgical debulking and chemotherapy, but prior to relapse, resected and inactivated tumor tissue could be used as a personalized vaccine antigen source. The patient's own tumor contains relevant antigens and, when combined with the appropriate adjuvant, could generate systemic antitumor immunity to prevent relapse. Here, we model this process in mice to investigate the optimal tumor preparation and vaccine adjuvant. Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) has shown remarkable efficacy as an immunostimulatory cancer therapy in ovarian cancer mouse models, so we use CPMV as an adjuvant in a prophylactic vaccine against a murine ovarian cancer model. Compared to its codelivery with tumor antigens prepared in three other ways, we show that CPMV co-delivered with irradiated ovarian cancer cells constitutes an effective prophylactic vaccine against a syngeneic model of ovarian cancer in C57BL/6J mice. Following two vaccinations, 72% of vaccinated mice reject tumor challenges, and all those mice survived subsequent rechallenges, demonstrating immunologic memory formation. This study supports remission-stage vaccines using irradiated patient tumor tissue as a promising option for treating ovarian cancer, and validates CPMV as an antitumor vaccine adjuvant for that purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney T. Stump
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA;
| | - Gregory Ho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; (G.H.); (C.M.)
| | - Chenkai Mao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; (G.H.); (C.M.)
| | - Frank A. Veliz
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Veronique Beiss
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (V.B.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Jennifer Fields
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA;
| | - Nicole F. Steinmetz
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (V.B.); (N.F.S.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Steven Fiering
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; (G.H.); (C.M.)
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA;
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9
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Taherian-Esfahani Z, Dashti S. Cancer-testis antigens: An update on their roles in cancer immunotherapy. Hum Antibodies 2020; 27:171-183. [PMID: 30909205 DOI: 10.3233/hab-190366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several recent studies have assessed suitability of tumor antigens for immunotherapy. Based on the restricted expression pattern in somatic tissues, cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are possible candidates for cancer immunotherapy. These antigens are expressed in various tumors including gastrointestinal, breast, skin and hematologic malignancies. OBJECTIVES To find clinical trials utilizing CTAs in cancer patients. METHODS We searched PubMed, google scholar and specific websites that registers clinical trials. RESULTS A number of clinical trials have been designed to evaluate safety and efficacy of CTA-based treatments. The results of some of them have been promising. In the current literature search, we summarized the clinical trials of CTA-based therapies in cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Based on the availability of different formulations of CTA-based vaccines, future researches should compare efficiency of these modalities.
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10
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Mirandola L, Chiriva-Internati M, Bresalier R, Piccotti L, Grizzi F, Marincola FM. A novel method for efficient generation of antigen-specific effector T-cells using dendritic cells transduced with recombinant adeno-associated virus and p38 kinase blockade. J Transl Med 2019; 17:424. [PMID: 31878933 PMCID: PMC6931250 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-02163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The inefficacy of standard therapeutic strategies for ovarian cancer is reflected by the enduring poor prognosis of this malignancy. Due to the potential for exquisite specificity, sensitivity and long-term memory, immunotherapy offers an alternative modality for durable control of the disease, provided appropriate antigens can be identified and
presented in the right context. Methods We tested a novel dendritic cell vaccine formulation to reprogram autologous antigen-specific T-cells in vitro, in vivo in a murine model of ovarian cancer, and ex vivo using human cells from patients. Results We show that dendritic cells (DCs) treated with a p38 MAPK inhibitor and transduced with a recombinant adenovirus associated vector (AAV) expressing Sperm protein (Sp) 17 are highly effective in generating antigen-specific T-cell cytotoxic response against ovarian cancer cells. Additionally, these DCs enhanced the differentiation of effector T-cells while reducing the frequency of Foxp3+ T-reg cells in vitro. Conclusions This work provides a rationale for translation of pharmacologically reprogrammed DCs into clinical trials for prevention of tumor recurrence and progression in high-risk ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Kiromic, Inc, 7707 Fannin St., Suite 140, Houston, TX, 77054, USA. .,Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Robert Bresalier
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lucia Piccotti
- Kiromic, Inc, 7707 Fannin St., Suite 140, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Fabio Grizzi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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Xie K, Fu C, Wang S, Xu H, Liu S, Shao Y, Gong Z, Wu X, Xu B, Han J, Xu J, Xu P, Jia X, Wu J. Cancer-testis antigens in ovarian cancer: implication for biomarkers and therapeutic targets. J Ovarian Res 2019; 12:1. [PMID: 30609934 PMCID: PMC6318940 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0475-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains the most fatal gynecologic malignancy worldwide due to delayed diagnosis as well as recurrence and drug resistance. Thus, the development of new tumor-related molecules with high sensitivity and specificity to replace or supplement existing tools is urgently needed. Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are exclusively expressed in normal testis tissues but abundantly found in several types of cancers, including ovarian cancer. Numerous novel CTAs have been identified by high-throughput sequencing techniques, and some aberrantly expressed CTAs are associated with ovarian cancer initiation, clinical outcomes and chemotherapy resistance. More importantly, CTAs are immunogenic and may be novel targets for antigen-specific immunotherapy in ovarian cancer. In this review, we attempt to characterize the expression of candidate CTAs in ovarian cancer and their clinical significance as biomarkers, activation mechanisms, function in malignant phenotypes and applications in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaipeng Xie
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Chenyang Fu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Suli Wang
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Hanzi Xu
- Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Yang Shao
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Zhen Gong
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jing Han
- Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Juan Xu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xuemei Jia
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Jiangping Wu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China.
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12
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Brunette LL, Mhawech-Fauceglia PY, Ji L, Skeate JG, Brand HE, Lawrenson K, Walia S, Chiriva-Internati M, Groshen S, Roman LD, Kast WM, Da Silva DM. Validity and prognostic significance of sperm protein 17 as a tumor biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer: a retrospective study. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:970. [PMID: 30309325 PMCID: PMC6182788 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4880-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prior small studies have shown increased expression of sperm protein 17 (Sp17) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) tissue and suggest Sp17 as a potential biomarker for EOC. However, how Sp17 expression varies with histology, grade, and stage of EOC and its expression in other ovarian neoplasms has not been defined. It is unknown whether patients with EOC have elevated serum Sp17 levels or if Sp17 expression is associated with survival outcomes. Methods The study included 982 patients with benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian neoplasms and normal ovary. There were 878 patients with tissue only, 39 with serum only, and 65 with matching serum and tissue. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with anti-Sp17 antibody was performed on tissue specimens and the intensity scored as weak, moderate, or strong. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to measure Sp17 sera concentrations. Results Sp17 expression was most commonly seen in serous cystadenomas (83%) and serous borderline tumors (100%). Of the 773 EOC specimens, 223 (30%) expressed Sp17. Grade and histology were significantly associated with Sp17 expression among EOC specimens (p < 0.001) on both univariate and multivariable analysis, with grade 1 serous adenocarcinomas showing the highest expression (51%). Sp17 expression was limited in other benign and non-epithelial malignant neoplasms. Neither Sp17 tissue expression nor serum concentration correlated with survival outcomes. Serum concentrations were higher in patients with Sp17 tissue expression, and the highest concentrations were noted among patients with serous and clear cell adenocarcinomas. Conclusions Sp17 is highly expressed in benign, borderline, and low grade malignant serous ovarian neoplasms and can be quantified in serum. Sp17 expression may have diagnostic significance in this subset of patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4880-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie L Brunette
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | - Lingyun Ji
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Joseph G Skeate
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Heike E Brand
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Saloni Walia
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Department of Myeloma and Lymphoma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.,Kiromic, Inc, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan Groshen
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Lynda D Roman
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - W Martin Kast
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA.,Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Diane M Da Silva
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. .,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA.
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13
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Gao Q, Xiang SD, Wilson K, Madondo M, Stephens AN, Plebanski M. Sperm Protein 17 Expression by Murine Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells and Its Impact on Tumor Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10080276. [PMID: 30127274 PMCID: PMC6115966 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer testis antigen sperm protein 17 (Sp17) is a promising antigenic target in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) vaccine development. However, its role in ovarian cancer is unclear. We isolated and expanded Sp17+ and Sp17− clones from the murine EOC cell line ID8, and compared their in-vitro cell growth characteristics and in-vivo tumorigenicity. We also examined the potential co-expression of molecules that may influence cancer cell survival and interaction with immune cells. These include stimulatory and immunosuppressive molecules, such as major histocompatibility class I molecules (MHC I), MHC II, cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), CD73, CD39, tumor necrosis factor receptor II (TNFRII), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Whilst the presence of Sp17 was not correlated with the ID8 cell proliferation/growth capacity in vitro, it was critical to enable progressive tumor formation in vivo. Flow cytometry revealed that Sp17+ ID8 cells displayed higher expression of both STAT3 and PD-L1, whilst MHC II expression was lower. Moreover, Sp17high (PD-L1+MHCII−) cell populations showed significantly enhanced resistance to Paclitaxel-induced cell death in vitro compared to Sp17low (PD-L1−MHCII+) cells, which was associated in turn with increased STAT3 expression. Together, the data support Sp17 as a factor associated with in-vivo tumor progression and chemo-resistance, validating it as a suitable target for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Sue D Xiang
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Kirsty Wilson
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
| | - Mutsa Madondo
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
| | - Andrew N Stephens
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
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14
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Mattila JP, Mirandola L, Chiriva-Internati M. Development of a M cell-targeted microparticulate platform, BSK02™, for oral immunization against the ovarian cancer antigen, sperm protein 17. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:29-36. [PMID: 29504239 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although it only accounts for approximately 5% of all female cancer cases, ovarian cancer (OC) ranks as the fifth leading cause of death due to cancer in women. We have evaluated the potential of an orally administered microparticulate vaccine incorporating an immunodominant epitope peptide derived from the cancer/testis antigen sperm protein 17 (SP17) aberrantly expressed in OC, to retard the progression of the disease. The peptide antigen and the immune-stimulatory toll-like receptor 9 ligand CpG oligonucleotide were incorporated into spray dried microparticles composed of enteric and sustained release polymers together with the Aleuria aurantia lectin targeting microfold cells present in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. These particles were administered via oral route to mice challenged week prior with SP17-expressing ID8 OC cells. Analysis of splenocytes harvested from vaccinated mice revealed strong activation of IFN-γ+/CD8+ lymphocytes in response to re-stimulation with the SP17 antigen. Moreover, vaccinated animals showed significant retardation of ascites/tumor volume in comparison to placebo-treated animals four weeks after the tumor challenge (p = 0.005). Taken together, our results suggest that vaccination against SP17 using orally administered microparticles could potentially be used as an effective consolidation strategy for OC patients with residual tumor or high probability for relapse following first-line treatments. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 29-36, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Kiromic BioPharma, 7707 Fannin St., Suite 140, Houston, Texas, 77054.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, and Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, Texas, 77030
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15
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Advantages, Disadvantages and Modifications of Conventional ELISA. SPRINGERBRIEFS IN APPLIED SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6766-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Schutt CA, Mirandola L, Figueroa JA, Nguyen DD, Cordero J, Bumm K, Judson BL, Chiriva-Internati M. The cancer-testis antigen, sperm protein 17, a new biomarker and immunological target in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:100280-100287. [PMID: 29245977 PMCID: PMC5725019 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma is a deadly and locally aggressive malignancy that frequently portends a poor prognosis. Since current treatment modalities including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation are heavily debilitating and often result in recurrence intense efforts have been put into the development of novel less toxic and more lasting treatment strategies. Recently, immunotherapy has been proposed as a promising alternative that could potentially meet these requirements. SP17 is a validated cancer-testis antigen in multiple myeloma, ovarian cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. We aim at studying SP17 expression in HNSCC and its immunogenicity as a possible future target for HNSCC therapeutic vaccines. SP17 expression was evaluated in tissue specimens of HNSCC patients and controls. Moreover, SP17 immunogenicity was studied by generating autologous dendritic cells in vitro from the peripheral blood mononucleated cells of HNSCC patients and testing their ability to induce SP17 specific cytotoxic lymphocytes capable of killing autologous tumor cells in vitro. SP17specific immune responses were also evaluated in HNSCC patients as circulating anti-SP17 autoantibodies. SP17 was expressed in HNSCC tissues of HNSCC patients. Autologous dendritic cells pulsed with SP17 antigen induced powerful SP17 MHC class-I restricted, perforin-dependent, cytotoxic T-cells capable of efficiently killing autologous tumor cells in vitro. SP17-specific autoantibodies were detectable in the serum of HNSCC patients irrespective of tumor site or TNM stage. In conclusion, SP17 is an ideal immunotherapeutic target for HNSCC and a potential serological biomarker of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Schutt
- Division Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Klauss Bumm
- CaritasKlinikum Saarbrücken, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Benjamin L Judson
- Division Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Kiromic, Inc., Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Multiple Myeloma & Lymphoma, University of Texas, MDACC, Houston, TX, USA
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17
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Sp17 Protein Expression and Major Histocompatibility Class I and II Epitope Presentation in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Patients. Adv Hematol 2017; 2017:6527306. [PMID: 29204156 PMCID: PMC5674480 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6527306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved therapies are urgently needed for patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Success using immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T cell technology has fuelled demand for validated cancer epitopes. Immunogenic cancer testis antigens (CTAs), with their widespread expression in many tumours but highly restricted normal tissue distribution, represent attractive immunotherapeutic targets that may improve treatment options for DLBCL and other malignancies. Sperm protein 17 (Sp17), a CTA reported to be immunogenic in ovarian cancer and myeloma patients, is expressed in DLBCL. The aim of the present study was to investigate Sp17 epitope presentation via the presence of a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) and a CD4 T-helper (Th) response in DLBCL patients. A significant γ-interferon CTL response was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 13/31 DLBCL patients following short-term cell stimulation with two novel HLA-A⁎0201 peptides and one previously reported HLA-A⁎0101-restricted nine-mer Sp17 peptide. No significant responses were detected in the HLA-A⁎0201-negative DLBCL patients or four healthy subjects. A novel immunogenic 20-mer CD4 Th Sp17 peptide was detected in 8/17 DLBCL patients. This is the first report of a CTL and a CD4 Th response to Sp17 in DLBCL and supports Sp17 as a potential immunotherapeutic target for DLBCL.
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18
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Mirandola L, Pedretti E, Figueroa JA, Chiaramonte R, Colombo M, Chapman C, Grizzi F, Patrinicola F, Kast WM, Nguyen DD, Rahman RL, Daver N, Ruvolo P, Post SM, Bresalier RS, Chiriva-Internati M. Cancer testis antigen Sperm Protein 17 as a new target for triple negative breast cancer immunotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74378-74390. [PMID: 29088794 PMCID: PMC5650349 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast carcinoma is a major health issue for millions of women. Current therapies have serious side effects, and are only partially effective in patients with metastatic tumors. Thus, the need for novel and less toxic therapies is urgent. Moreover, hormonal and antibody therapies effective in other subtypes are not effective in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Immunotherapeutic strategies directed against specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and mediated by specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have been largely underexplored in this disease. Cancer-testis antigens (CTA) are a group of TAAs displaying the ideal characteristics of promising vaccine targets, i.e. strong immunogenicity and cancer specificity. The CTA, Sperm Protein 17 (SP17), has been found to be aberrantly expressed in different neoplasms, including ovarian and esophageal cancers, nervous system tumors and multiple myeloma, and has been suggested as a candidate target for immunotherapy. Here, we evaluated SP17 expression levels in breast cancer cell lines, invasive ductal breast carcinoma, including patients with TNBC, and adjacent non-neoplastic breast tissue, and determined whether SP17 was capable of generating SP17-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro. We showed that SP17 is expressed in breast cancer cell lines and primary breast tumors and importantly in TNBC subtype, but not in adjacent non-tumoral breast tissue or unaffected tissues, except in male germinal cells. Furthermore, we detected specific anti-SP17 antibodies in patients’ sera and we generated SP17-specific, HLA class I-restricted, cytotoxic T lymphocytes capable of efficiently killing breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michela Colombo
- Department of Health Sciences, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Caroline Chapman
- Bowel Cancer Screening Programme, Eastern Hub Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Fabio Grizzi
- Department of Immunology & Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical & Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Patrinicola
- Department of Immunology & Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical & Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | - W Martin Kast
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Naval Daver
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter Ruvolo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sean M Post
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Bresalier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Kiromic Inc., Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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19
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Tawde SA, Chablani L, Akalkotkar A, D'Souza MJ. Evaluation of microparticulate ovarian cancer vaccine via transdermal route of delivery. J Control Release 2016; 235:147-154. [PMID: 27238440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth most commonly occurring malignancy in women, with the highest mortality rate among all the gynecological tumors. Microparticulate vaccine can serve as an immunotherapeutic approach with a promising antigenic delivery system without a need for conventional adjuvants. In this study, a microparticulate vaccine using whole cell lysate of a murine ovarian cancer cell line, ID8 was prepared by spray drying. Further, the effect of interleukins (ILs) such as IL-2 and IL-12 was evaluated in a separate study group by administering them with vaccine particles to enhance the immune response. The vaccine microparticles were administered to C57BL/6 female mice via transdermal alone and in combination with the oral route. The transdermal vaccine was delivered using a metallic microneedle device, AdminPen™. Orally administered microparticles also included an M-cell targeting ligand, Aleuria aurantia lectin, to enhance the targeted uptake from microfold cells (M-cells) in Peyer's patches of small intestine. In case of combination of routes, mice were given 5 transdermal doses and 5 oral doses administered alternatively, beginning with transdermal dose. At the end of vaccination, mice were challenged with live tumor cells. Vaccine alone resulted in around 1.5 times tumor suppression in case of transdermal and combination of routes at the end of 15th week when compared to controls. Inclusion of interleukins resulted in 3 times tumor suppression when administered with transdermal vaccine and around 9 times tumor suppression for the combination route of delivery in comparison to controls. These results were further potentiated by serum IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a titers. Moreover, CD8+ T-cell, CD4+ T-cell and NK (natural killer) cell populations in splenocytes were elevated in case of vaccinated mice. Thus, vaccine microparticles could trigger humoral as well as cellular immune response when administered transdermally and via combination of route of delivery. However overall, vaccine administered with interleukins, via combination of route, was found to be the most efficacious to suppress the tumor growth and lead to a protective immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprita A Tawde
- Akorn Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, 50 Lakeview Parkway, Suite 112, Vernon Hills, IL 60060, USA.
| | - Lipika Chablani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John Fisher College, 3690 East Ave, Rochester, NY 14618, USA
| | | | - Martin J D'Souza
- Vaccine Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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20
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Colombo M, Mirandola L, Reidy A, Suvorava N, Konala V, Chiaramonte R, Grizzi F, Rahman RL, Jenkins MR, Nugyen DD, Dalhbeck S, Cobos E, Figueroa JA, Chiriva-Internati M. Targeting Tumor Initiating Cells through Inhibition of Cancer Testis Antigens and Notch Signaling: A Hypothesis. Int Rev Immunol 2016; 34:188-99. [PMID: 25901861 DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2015.1027629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tumor initiating cells (TICs) differ from normal stem cells (SCs) in their ability to initiate tumorigenesis, invasive growth, metastasis and the acquisition of chemo and/or radio-resistance. Over the past years, several studies have indicated the potential role of the Notch system as a key regulator of cellular stemness and tumor development. Furthermore, the expression of cancer testis antigens (CTA) in TICs, and their role in SC differentiation and biology, has become an important area of investigation. Here, we propose a model in which CTA expression and Notch signaling interacts to maintain the sustainability of self-replicating tumor populations, ultimately leading to the development of metastasis, drug resistance and cancer progression. We hypothesize that Notch-CTA interactions in TICs offer a novel opportunity for meaningful therapeutic interventions in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Colombo
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milano , Italy
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21
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Mirandola L, Figueroa JA, Phan TT, Grizzi F, Kim M, Rahman RL, Jenkins MR, Cobos E, Jumper C, Alalawi R, Chiriva-Internati M. Novel antigens in non-small cell lung cancer: SP17, AKAP4, and PTTG1 are potential immunotherapeutic targets. Oncotarget 2015; 6:2812-26. [PMID: 25739119 PMCID: PMC4413619 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in both genders worldwide, with an incidence only second to prostate cancer in men and breast cancer in women. The lethality of the disease highlights the urgent need for innovative therapeutic options. Immunotherapy can afford efficient and specific targeting of tumor cells, improving efficacy and reducing the side effects of current therapies. We have previously reported the aberrant expression of cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) in tumors of unrelated histological origin. In this study we investigated the expression and immunogenicity of the CTAs, Sperm Protein 17 (SP17), A-kinase anchor protein 4 (AKAP4) and Pituitary Tumor Transforming Gene 1 (PTTG1) in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and primary tumors. We found that SP17, AKAP4 and PTTG1 are aberrantly expressed in cancer samples, compared to normal lung cell lines and tissues. We established the immunogenicity of these CTAs by measuring CTA-specific autoantibodies in patients' sera and generating CTA-specific autologous cytotoxic lymphocytes from patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Our results provide proof of principle that the CTAs SP17/AKAP4/PTTG1 are expressed in both human NSCLC cell lines and primary tumors and can elicit an immunogenic response in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Mirandola
- Division of Hematology & Oncology and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Jose A Figueroa
- Division of Hematology & Oncology and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Kiromic, LLC. Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Tam T Phan
- Division of Hematology & Oncology and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Fabio Grizzi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Minji Kim
- Division of Hematology & Oncology and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | - Marjorie R Jenkins
- Division of Hematology & Oncology and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Everardo Cobos
- Division of Hematology & Oncology and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Amarillo, TX, USA.,Kiromic, LLC. Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia Jumper
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Raed Alalawi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Division of Hematology & Oncology and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Amarillo, TX, USA.,Kiromic, LLC. Lubbock, TX, USA
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22
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Liu Y, Tian X, Jiang S, Ren X, Liu F, Yang J, Chen Y, Jiang Y. Umbilical cord blood-derived dendritic cells infected by adenovirus for SP17 expression induce antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells against NSCLC cells. Cell Immunol 2015; 298:18-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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23
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A Nanoparticle Based Sp17 Peptide Vaccine Exposes New Immuno-Dominant and Species Cross-reactive B Cell Epitopes. Vaccines (Basel) 2015; 3:875-93. [PMID: 26529027 PMCID: PMC4693223 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines3040875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm protein antigen 17 (Sp17), expressed in primary as well as in metastatic lesions in >83% of patients with ovarian cancer, is a promising ovarian cancer vaccine candidate. Herein we describe the formulation of nanoparticle based vaccines based on human Sp17 (hSp17) sequence derived peptides, and map the immuno-dominant T cell and antibody epitopes induced using such formulations. The primary T and B cell immuno-dominant region within Sp17 was found to be the same when using biocompatible nanoparticle carriers or the conventional “mix-in” pro-inflammatory adjuvant CpG, both mapping to amino acids (aa) 111–142. However, delivery of hSp17111–142 as a nanoparticle conjugate promoted a number of new properties, changing the dominant antibody isotype induced from IgG2a to IgG1 and the fine specificity of the B cell epitopes within hSp17111–142, from an immuno-dominant region 134–142 aa for CpG, to region 121–138 aa for nanoparticles. Associated with this change in specificity was a substantial increase in antibody cross-reactivity between mouse and human Sp17. These results indicate conjugation of antigen to nanoparticles can have major effects on fine antigen specificity, which surprisingly could be beneficially used to increase the cross-reactivity of antibody responses.
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24
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Xiang SD, Gao Q, Wilson KL, Heyerick A, Plebanski M. Mapping T and B cell epitopes in sperm protein 17 to support the development of an ovarian cancer vaccine. Vaccine 2015; 33:5950-9. [PMID: 26263201 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the seventh most common cancer in women worldwide, and the leading cause of death from gynaecological malignancy. Immunotherapeutic strategies including cancer vaccines are considered less toxic and more specific than current treatments. Sperm surface protein (Sp17) is a protein aberrantly expressed in primary as well as in metastatic lesions in >83% of ovarian cancer patients. Vaccines based on the Sp17 protein are immunogenic and protective in animal models. To map the immunogenic regions and support the development of human Sp17 peptide based vaccines, we used 6 overlapping peptides of the human Sp17 sequence adjuvanted with CpG to immunise humanised HLA-A2.1 transgenic C57BL/6 mice, and assessed immunogenicity by ELISPOT and ELISA. No CD8 T cells were found to be induced to a comprehensive panel of 10 HLA-A2.1 or H-2K(b) binding predicted epitopes. However, one of the 6 peptides, hSp17111-142, induced high levels of antibodies and IFN-γ producing T cells (but not IL-17 or IL-4) both in C57BL/6 and in C57BL/6-HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice. C57BL/6 mice immunised with CpG adjuvanted hSp17111-142 significantly prolonged the life-span of the mice bearing the ovarian carcinoma ID8 cell line. We further mapped the immuno-dominant B and T cell epitope regions within hSp17111-142 using ELISPOT and competition ELISA. Herein, we report the identification of a single immuno-dominant B cell (134-142 aa) epitope and 2 T helper 1 (Th1) cell epitopes (111-124 aa and 124-138 aa). These result together support further exploration of hSp17111-142 peptide formulations as vaccines against ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue D Xiang
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, 89 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, VIC, Australia.
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, 89 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, VIC, Australia.
| | - Kirsty L Wilson
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, 89 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, VIC, Australia.
| | - Arne Heyerick
- PX Biosolutions Pty Ltd, PO Box 290, South Melbourne 3205, VIC, Australia.
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, 89 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, VIC, Australia.
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Arnaboldi F, Menon A, Menegola E, Di Renzo F, Mirandola L, Grizzi F, Figueroa JA, Cobos E, Jenkins M, Barajon I, Chiriva-Internati M. Sperm protein 17 is an oncofetal antigen: a lesson from a murine model. Int Rev Immunol 2014; 33:367-74. [PMID: 24811209 DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2014.911856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sperm protein 17 (Sp17) was originally identified in the flagellum of spermatozoa and subsequently included in the subfamily of tumor-associated antigens known as cancer-testes antigens (CTA). Sp17 has been associated with the motility and migratory capacity in tumor cells, representing a link between gene expression patterns in germinal and tumor cells of different histological origins. Here we review the relevance of Sp17 expression in the mouse embryo and cancerous tissues, and present additional data demonstrating Sp17 complex expression pattern in this murine model. The expression of Sp17 in embryonic as well as adult neoplastic cells, but not normal tissues, suggests this protein should be considered an "oncofetal antigen." Further investigations are necessary to elucidate the mechanisms and functional significance of Sp17 aberrant expression in human adult cells and its implication in the pathobiology of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Arnaboldi
- 1Department of Human Morphology and Biomedical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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26
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Song JX, Li FQ, Cao WL, Jia X, Shi LN, Lu JF, Ma CF, Kong QQ. Anti-Sp17 monoclonal antibody–doxorubicin conjugates as molecularly targeted chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma. Target Oncol 2013; 9:263-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s11523-013-0293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Agarwal S, Saini S, Parashar D, Verma A, Sinha A, Jagadish N, Batra A, Suri S, Gupta A, Ansari AS, Lohiya NK, Suri A. The novel cancer-testis antigen A-kinase anchor protein 4 (AKAP4) is a potential target for immunotherapy of ovarian serous carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2013; 2:e24270. [PMID: 23762804 PMCID: PMC3667910 DOI: 10.4161/onci.24270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the neoplasms affecting the reproductive tract associated with high mortality rate because of limited therapeutic options and an elevated incidence of chemoresistance and recurrence. In this context, immunotherapy may constitute a promising approach to improve survival rates and clinical outcome, raising the need for specific target antigens. Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are considered promising candidates in this sense because they are aberrant expressed by various malignancies but not by non-transformed tissue, with the exception of testes. Here, we examined the expression and potential to promote humoral immune responses of a novel CTA, A-kinase anchor protein 4 (AKAP4), among 38 ovarian carcinoma patients. Our results reveal that AKAP4 was expressed at both the mRNA and protein levels in 89% (34/38) of ovarian carcinoma tissue specimens but not in 21 matched adjacent non-cancerous tissues. In addition, a humoral response against AKAP4 was detected in 58% (22/38) of ovarian carcinoma patients by ELISA. In particular, 65% (22/34) patients bearing an AKAP4-expressing tumor exhibited circulating anti-AKAP4 antibodies. Interestingly, the majority of specimens were categorized as ovarian serous adenocarcinoma and serous papillary carcinoma, of which 93% (28/30) and 100% (6/6), respectively, expressed AKAP4. A humoral response against AKAP4 was detected in 79% (19/24) and 67% (4/6) of ovarian serous adenocarcinoma and serous papillary carcinoma patients, respectively. The presence of circulating anti-AKAP4 antibodies suggests the AKAP4 is highly immunogenic in ovarian serous carcinoma patients. Our study lays the foundations for exploring AKAP4 as a potential target for the immunotherapy of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Agarwal
- Cancer Microarray; Genes and Proteins Laboratory; National Institute of Immunology; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg; New Delhi, India
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28
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Fiedler SE, Dudiki T, Vijayaraghavan S, Carr DW. Loss of R2D2 proteins ROPN1 and ROPN1L causes defects in murine sperm motility, phosphorylation, and fibrous sheath integrity. Biol Reprod 2013; 88:41. [PMID: 23303679 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.112.105262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The fibrous sheath (FS) is a flagellar cytoskeletal structure unique to sperm that surrounds the outer dense fibers and axoneme. Its primary components are A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) 3 and 4, which suggests that the FS affects flagellar beating via the scaffolding of signaling pathways necessary for motility. Sperm proteins ROPN1 and ROPN1L bind AKAP3. To determine the role of ROPN1 and ROPN1L in sperm function, we created mice deficient in ROPN1 (RKO), mice deficient in ROPN1L (RLKO), and double knockout mice (DKO). All three strains of mice had normal testicular morphology and spermatogenesis. Only the DKOs had obvious defects in sperm morphology (thinning and shredding of the principal piece), which was accompanied by a reduction in AKAP3 levels. RLKO mice had slightly reduced sperm motility and increased levels of ROPN1. RKO mice had moderately impaired motility and increased levels of ROPN1L. DKO sperm were immotile. We have previously determined that RKO male mice are subfertile, and DKO males are infertile. Together these data indicate that ROPN1L and ROPN1 compensate for each other in the absence of the opposing protein, possibly to maintain AKAP3 incorporation in the FS. Sperm from mice lacking ROPN1L exhibited reductions in both cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) phosphorylation of a 270-kDa protein (perhaps FSCB), and in capacitation-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. Sperm from mice lacking ROPN1 had reduced levels of FSCB and increased tyrosine phosphorylation of noncapacitated sperm. These data demonstrate that mutations in ROPN1 and ROPN1L can cause defects in FS integrity, sperm motility, and PKA-dependent signaling processes, leading to male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Fiedler
- Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Kwon S, Kim D, Park BK, Wu G, Park MC, Ha YW, Kwon HJ, Lee Y. Induction of immunological memory response by vaccination with TM4SF5 epitope-CpG-DNA-liposome complex in a mouse hepatocellular carcinoma model. Oncol Rep 2012; 29:735-40. [PMID: 23138455 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.2130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The innovation of a peptide vaccine strategy may contribute to the development of efficacious and convenient cancer vaccines. Recently, we formulated an efficacious peptide vaccine without carriers using the natural phosphodiester bond CpG-DNA and a special liposome complex [Lipoplex(O)]. The peptide vaccine targeting a tumor antigen, transmembrane 4 superfamily member 5 protein (TM4SF5), was confirmed to have preventive and therapeutic effects in a mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model. In this study, we demonstrated that the isotype-switched (IgM(-)IgD(-)) B cell population increased after immunization and that the functional memory response persisted for at least 70 days after the final immunization of mice. Delayed implantation of BNL-HCC cells significantly induced the peptide-specific IgG2a production in the immunized mice. Accordingly, tumor growth was inhibited and the survival rate increased. These results suggest that our peptide vaccine induces memory response, which is essential for cancer vaccine application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Kwon
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
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Tawde SA, Chablani L, Akalkotkar A, D'Souza C, Chiriva-Internati M, Selvaraj P, D'Souza MJ. Formulation and evaluation of oral microparticulate ovarian cancer vaccines. Vaccine 2012; 30:5675-81. [PMID: 22750042 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth most leading cause of cancer related deaths in women in the US. Customized immunotherapeutic strategies may serve as an alternative method to control the recurrence or progression of ovarian cancer and to avoid severe adverse effects of chemotherapy. In this study, a microparticulate vaccine using whole cell lysate of a murine ovarian cancer cell line, ID8 was prepared with the use of a spray dryer. These particles were designed for oral delivery using enteric polymers such as methacrylic copolymer, Eudragit(®) FS30D and hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate. These particles were targeted for uptake via microfold cell (M-cell) in Peyer's patches of small intestine using M-cell targeting ligand, Aleuria aurantia lectin. The interleukins (ILs) such as IL-2 and IL-12 were added to the vaccine formulation to further enhance the immune response. The particles obtained were of 1.58±0.62 μm size with a charge of 12.48±2.32 mV. The vaccine efficacy was evaluated by administering the particles via oral route to C57BL/6 female mice. At the end of vaccination, mice were challenged with live tumor cells. Vaccinated mice showed significant (around six-fold) retardation of tumor volume in comparison to non-vaccinated animals for 3 weeks after the tumor challenge (p<0.001). The serum IgG antibody levels were found to be elevated in case of vaccinated animals in comparison to non-vaccinated group (p<0.05). Analysis of IgG1 titers (indicative of Th2 response) and IgG2a titers (indicative of Th1 response) showed a mixed Th1 and Th2 immune response in case vaccine alone and Th2 response in case of vaccine with interleukins group. Moreover, CD8+ T-cell, CD4+ T-cell and B-cell populations in different lymphatic organs were elevated in case of vaccinated mice. Thus, whole cell lysate vaccine microparticles formulated by spray drying could trigger humoral as well as cellular immune response when administered orally. Such vaccine could potentially be an effective treatment for patients with residual tumor or high tumor-relapse probability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprita A Tawde
- Vaccine Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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31
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Schutt C, Bumm K, Mirandola L, Bernardini G, Cunha ND, Tijani L, Nguyen D, Cordero J, Jenkins MR, Cobos E, Kast WM, Chiriva-Internati M. Immunological treatment options for locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int Rev Immunol 2012; 31:22-42. [PMID: 22251006 DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2011.637253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) are usually treated by a multimodal approach with surgery and/or radiochemotherapy as the mainstay of local-regional treatment in cases with advanced disease. Both chemotherapy and radiation therapy have the disadvantage of causing severe side effects, while the clinical outcome of patients diagnosed with HNSCC has remained essentially unchanged over the last decade. The potential of immunotherapy is still largely unexplored. Here the authors review the current status of the art and discuss the future challenges in HNSCC treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Schutt
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA; and Department of Surgery at the Division of Otolaryngology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Klaus Bumm
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Leonardo Mirandola
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA; Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, USA; and Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Science, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Nicholas D' Cunha
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Lukman Tijani
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Diane Nguyen
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Joehassin Cordero
- Division of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Marjorie R Jenkins
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA; and Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, USA
| | - Everardo Cobos
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA; and Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, USA
| | - W Martin Kast
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA; and Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii at Manao, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA; Division of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA; and Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, USA
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32
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Mazzola P, Radhi S, Mirandola L, Annoni G, Jenkins M, Cobos E, Chiriva-Internati M. Aging, cancer, and cancer vaccines. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2012; 9:4. [PMID: 22510392 PMCID: PMC3353870 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-9-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
World population has experienced continuous growth since 1400 A.D. Current projections show a continued increase - but a steady decline in the population growth rate - with the number expected to reach between 8 and 10.5 billion people within 40 years. The elderly population is rapidly rising: in 1950 there were 205 million people aged 60 or older, while in 2000 there were 606 million. By 2050, the global population aged 60 or over is projected to expand by more than three times, reaching nearly 2 billion people [1]. Most cancers are age-related diseases: in the US, 50% of all malignancies occur in people aged 65-95. 60% of all cancers are expected to be diagnosed in elderly patients by 2020 [2]. Further, cancer-related mortality increases with age: 70% of all malignancy-related deaths are registered in people aged 65 years or older [3]. Here we introduce the microscopic aspects of aging, the pro-inflammatory phenotype of the elderly, and the changes related to immunosenescence. Then we deal with cancer disease and its development, the difficulty of treatment administration in the geriatric population, and the importance of a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Finally, we aim to analyze the complex interactions of aging with cancer and cancer vaccinology, and the importance of this last approach as a complementary therapy to different levels of prevention and treatment. Cancer vaccines, in fact, should at present be recommended in association to a stronger cancer prevention and conventional therapies (surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy), both for curative and palliative intent, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality associated to cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Mazzola
- Department of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Geriatric Clinic, San Gerardo University Hospital, Monza, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Saba Radhi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Leonardo Mirandola
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,The Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Giorgio Annoni
- Department of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Geriatric Clinic, San Gerardo University Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Marjorie Jenkins
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,The Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Everardo Cobos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.,The Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.,The Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
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Song JX, Cao WL, Li FQ, Shi LN, Jia X. Anti-Sp17 monoclonal antibody with antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity activities against human ovarian cancer cells. Med Oncol 2011; 29:2923-31. [PMID: 22198696 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sperm protein 17 (Sp17) is a cancer testis antigen that has been shown to be overexpressed in a variety of gynecologic malignancies, in particular ovarian cancer. Emerging evidences indicate that Sp17 is involved in tumorigenesis and in the migration of malignant cells. It has been proposed as a useful target for tumor-vaccine strategies and a novel marker to define tumor subsets and predict drug response. However, the antitumor activity of anti-Sp17 monoclonal antibody (anti-Sp17 mAb) has not been investigated. In this study, the in vitro cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) activities of anti-Sp17 mAb were evaluated using Sp17-positive ovarian cancer cells as targets, Sp17-negative ovarian cancer cells as the control, and healthy human peripheral blood monocytes and healthy human serum as effectors. Our preliminary results indicate that the direct cytotoxicity of anti-Sp17 mAb against the investigated ovarian cancer cells was very weak. However, the cytotoxicity of anti-Sp17 mAb, mediated by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), as ADCC, or by human serum, as CDC, was relatively strong in the Sp17-positive ovarian cancer cells. This finding suggested that anti-Sp17 mAb could be a useful tool against ovarian cancer and may provide insight into the development of low side-effect targeting therapy for this malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-xi Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China.
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Tumor immune surveillance and ovarian cancer: lessons on immune mediated tumor rejection or tolerance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2011; 30:141-51. [PMID: 21298574 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-011-9289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years, cancer immunotherapies have produced promising results. Although traditionally considered unresponsive to immune therapy, increasing evidence indicates that ovarian cancers are, in fact, immunogenic tumors. This evidence comes from diverse epidemiologic and clinical data comprising evidence of spontaneous antitumor immune response and its association with longer survival in a proportion of ovarian cancer patients; evidence of tumor immune evasion mechanisms and their association with short survival in some ovarian cancer patients; and finally pilot data supporting the efficacy of immune therapy. Below we will discuss lessons learned on the biology underlying ovarian cancer immune rejection or tolerance and we will discuss its association with clinical outcome. We will discuss the role of angiogenesis and the tumor endothelium on regulation of the antitumor immune response with a special emphasis on the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the suppression of immunological processes, which control tumor progression and its unique crosstalk with endothelin systems, and how their interactions may shape the antitumor immune response. In addition, we will discuss mechanisms of tumor tolerance through the suppression or exhaustion of effector cells and how these could be countered in the clinic. We believe that understanding these pathways in the tumor microenvironment will lead to novel strategies for enhancing ovarian cancer immunotherapy.
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35
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Mirandola L, J Cannon M, Cobos E, Bernardini G, Jenkins MR, Kast WM, Chiriva-Internati M. Cancer testis antigens: novel biomarkers and targetable proteins for ovarian cancer. Int Rev Immunol 2011; 30:127-37. [PMID: 21557639 DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2011.572504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death in women and the leading cause from gynecological malignancies. Despite the recently improved outcomes of new chemotherapeutical agents in the therapy of ovarian cancer and the increased 5-year survival rate, the mortality of this malignancy disease remains unchanged. Ovarian cancer therapy is often correlated to the stage of the tumor, but the first step is usually surgical treatment. Afterward, various courses of chemotherapy and radiation are suggested. Obviously, the higher the developmental stage of the tumor, the less the probability is in eradicating it surgically, especially in relation to metastasis. It is clear that an early diagnosis of ovarian cancer is important for the survival of these patients. In order to identify ovarian cancer patients in the early stages, a number of studies are focusing on a particular class of antigens called cancer testis antigens. These antigens display high expression in tumors of different histology, but are normally restricted to the testis and have low or no expression in normal tissues. The testes are an immunologically-privileged site due to the presence of tight junctions between adjacent Sertoli cells that constitute the blood-testis barrier, which prevents auto-immune reactions. In the past few years, some of these antigens were demonstrated to be very promising for the early diagnosis and development of vaccines for ovarian cancer. This review aims to underline the most reliable cancer testis antigens under investigation at this moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Mirandola
- Division of Hematology & Oncology and Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, USA
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36
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Mirandola L, Yu Y, Chui K, Jenkins MR, Cobos E, John CM, Chiriva-Internati M. Galectin-3C inhibits tumor growth and increases the anticancer activity of bortezomib in a murine model of human multiple myeloma. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21811. [PMID: 21765917 PMCID: PMC3135605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a human lectin involved in many cellular processes including differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, neoplastic transformation, and metastasis. We evaluated galectin-3C, an N-terminally truncated form of galectin-3 that is thought to act as a dominant negative inhibitor, as a potential treatment for multiple myeloma (MM). Galectin-3 was expressed at varying levels by all 9 human MM cell lines tested. In vitro galectin-3C exhibited modest anti-proliferative effects on MM cells and inhibited chemotaxis and invasion of U266 MM cells induced by stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α. Galectin-3C facilitated the anticancer activity of bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor approved by the FDA for MM treatment. Galectin-3C and bortezomib also synergistically inhibited MM-induced angiogenesis activity in vitro. Delivery of galectin-3C intravenously via an osmotic pump in a subcutaneous U266 cell NOD/SCID mouse model of MM significantly inhibited tumor growth. The average tumor volume of bortezomib-treated animals was 19.6% and of galectin-3C treated animals was 13.5% of the average volume of the untreated controls at day 35. The maximal effect was obtained with the combination of galectin-3C with bortezomib that afforded a reduction of 94% in the mean tumor volume compared to the untreated controls at day 35. In conclusion, this is the first study to show that inhibition of galectin-3 is efficacious in a murine model of human MM. Our results demonstrated that galectin-3C alone was efficacious in a xenograft mouse model of human MM, and that it enhanced the anti-tumor activity of bortezomib in vitro and in vivo. These data provide the rationale for continued testing of galectin-3C towards initiation of clinical trials for treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Mirandola
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yuefei Yu
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kitty Chui
- MandalMed, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Marjorie R. Jenkins
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
| | - Everardo Cobos
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Center for Women's Health and Gender-Based Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Cheng YH, Wong EW, Cheng CY. Cancer/testis (CT) antigens, carcinogenesis and spermatogenesis. SPERMATOGENESIS 2011; 1:209-220. [PMID: 22319669 PMCID: PMC3271663 DOI: 10.4161/spmg.1.3.17990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
During spermatogenesis, spermatogonial stem cells, undifferentiated and differentiated spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa all express specific antigens, yet the functions of many of these antigens remain unexplored. Studies in the past three decades have shown that many of these transiently expressed genes in developing germ cells are proto-oncogenes and oncogenes, which are expressed only in the testis and various types of cancers in humans and rodents. As such, these antigens are designated cancer/testis antigens (CT antigens). Since the early 1980s, about 70 families of CT antigens have been identified with over 140 members are known to date. Due to their restricted expression in the testis and in various tumors in humans, they have been used as the target of immunotherapy. Multiple clinical trials at different phases are now being conducted with some promising results. Interestingly, in a significant number of cancer patients, antibodies against some of these CT antigens were detected in their sera. However, antibodies against these CT antigens in humans under normal physiological conditions have yet to be reported even though many of these antigens are residing outside of the blood-testis barrier (BTB), such as in the basal compartment of the seminiferous epithelium and in the stem cell niche in the testis. In this review, we summarize latest findings in the field regarding several selected CT antigens which may be intimately related to spermatogenesis due to their unusual restricted expression during different discrete events of spermatogenesis, such as cell cycle progression, meiosis and spermiogenesis. This information should be helpful to investigators in the field to study the roles of these oncogenes in spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ho Cheng
- Center for Biomedical Research; The Population Council; New York, NY USA
- Richmond University Medical Center; Staten Island, NY USA
| | - Elissa Wp Wong
- Center for Biomedical Research; The Population Council; New York, NY USA
| | - C Yan Cheng
- Center for Biomedical Research; The Population Council; New York, NY USA
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Chiriva-Internati M. Sperm Protein 17: Clinical Relevance of a Cancer/Testis Antigen, from Contraception to Cancer Immunotherapy, and Beyond. Int Rev Immunol 2011; 30:138-49. [DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2011.569903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Chiriva-Internati M, Mirandola L, Kast WM, Jenkins MR, Cobos E, Cannon MJ. Understanding the Cross-Talk between Ovarian Tumors and Immune Cells: Mechanisms for Effective Immunotherapies. Int Rev Immunol 2011; 30:71-86. [DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2011.561507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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