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Fonódi M, Nagy L, Boratkó A. Role of Protein Phosphatases in Tumor Angiogenesis: Assessing PP1, PP2A, PP2B and PTPs Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6868. [PMID: 38999976 PMCID: PMC11241275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels to support tumor growth and metastasis, is a complex process regulated by a multitude of signaling pathways. Dysregulation of signaling pathways involving protein kinases has been extensively studied, but the role of protein phosphatases in angiogenesis within the tumor microenvironment remains less explored. However, among angiogenic pathways, protein phosphatases play critical roles in modulating signaling cascades. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the involvement of protein phosphatases in tumor angiogenesis, highlighting their diverse functions and mechanisms of action. Protein phosphatases are key regulators of cellular signaling pathways by catalyzing the dephosphorylation of proteins, thereby modulating their activity and function. This review aims to assess the activity of the protein tyrosine phosphatases and serine/threonine phosphatases. These phosphatases exert their effects on angiogenic signaling pathways through various mechanisms, including direct dephosphorylation of angiogenic receptors and downstream signaling molecules. Moreover, protein phosphatases also crosstalk with other signaling pathways involved in angiogenesis, further emphasizing their significance in regulating tumor vascularization, including endothelial cell survival, sprouting, and vessel maturation. In conclusion, this review underscores the pivotal role of protein phosphatases in tumor angiogenesis and accentuate their potential as therapeutic targets for anti-angiogenic therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anita Boratkó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.F.); (L.N.)
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2
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Shin J, Nunomiya A, Gonda K, Nagatomi R. Specification of skeletal muscle fiber-type is determined by the calcineurin/NFATc1 signaling pathway during muscle regeneration. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 659:20-28. [PMID: 37031590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fiber type specification is changeable during muscle regeneration following cardiotoxin (CTX) injection; however, the mechanism of muscle fiber shift in regenerating muscle fibers remains unclear. Furthermore, it is unclear as to which factors determine skeletal muscle fiber types in regenerating muscle fibers. Previous studies showed that CTX-induced muscle damage resulted in a temporary hypoxic condition, indicating that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α may be involved in muscle fiber type transition. Stabilization of HIF-1α has been shown to result in muscle fiber type transition toward slow-twitch phenotype through the calcineurin/nuclear factor activated T cell 1 (NFATc1) signaling pathway. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine whether the calcineurin/NFATc1 pathway is a key mediator of skeletal muscle fiber type transition during muscle regeneration. We found that CTX-induced muscle damage resulted in transient ischemia and HIF-1α expression in skeletal muscle. Additionally, it shifted the muscle fiber type proportion toward a slow-twitch phenotype in the soleus muscle (37.5% in the control muscle vs. 61.3% in the damaged muscle; p < 0.01) three weeks after muscle damage. Moreover, the NFATc1 protein levels increased in damaged muscle, and blockage of the calcineurin/NFATc1 signaling pathway by tacrolimus (FK-506) treatment substantially decreased the number of slow-twitch muscle fibers in the soleus muscle. This study demonstrated that CTX-induced muscle injury results in transient ischemia in hind limb muscle and stabilizes HIF-1α. Moreover, muscle damage increased oxidative phenotype muscle fibers through the calcineurin/NFATc1 signaling pathway during muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchul Shin
- Department of Medicine & Science in Sport & Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, USA
| | - Aki Nunomiya
- Department of Medicine & Science in Sport & Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Kohsuke Gonda
- Department of Medical Physics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine & Science in Sport & Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan; Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan; Center for Sports Medicine and Science, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine (ART), Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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3
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Muñiz-García A, Wilm B, Murray P, Cross MJ. Extracellular Vesicles from Human Umbilical Cord-Derived MSCs Affect Vessel Formation In Vitro and Promote VEGFR2-Mediated Cell Survival. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233750. [PMID: 36497011 PMCID: PMC9735515 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as novel tools in regenerative medicine. Angiogenesis modulation is widely studied for the treatment of ischaemic diseases, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. Here, we have shown that EVs from human umbilical cord-derived MSCs can affect VEGFR2 signalling, a master regulator of angiogenesis homeostasis, via altering the phosphorylation of AKT. This translates into an inhibition of apoptosis, promoting exclusively cell survival, but not proliferation, in human microvascular endothelial cells. Interestingly, when comparing EVs from normoxic cells to those obtained from hypoxia (1% O2) preconditioned cells, hypoxia-derived EVs appear to have a slightly enhanced effect. Furthermore, when studied in a longer term endothelial-fibroblast co-culture angiogenesis model in vitro, both EV populations demonstrated a positive effect on vessel formation, evidenced by increased vessel networks with tubes of significantly larger diameters. Our data reveals that EVs selectively target components of the angiogenic pathway, promoting VEGFR2-mediated cell survival via enhancement of AKT activation. Our data show that EVs are able to enhance specific components of the VEGF signalling pathway and may have therapeutic potential to support endothelial cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Muñiz-García
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Bettina Wilm
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Patricia Murray
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (M.J.C.)
| | - Michael J. Cross
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (M.J.C.)
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Critchley WR, Fearnley GWF, Abdul-Zani I, Molina-Paris C, Bendtsen C, Zachary IC, Harrison MA, Ponnambalam S. Monitoring VEGF-Stimulated Calcium Ion Flux in Endothelial Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2475:113-124. [PMID: 35451752 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2217-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The endothelial response to vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) regulates many aspects of animal physiology in health and disease. Such VEGF-A-regulated phenomena include vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, tumor growth and progression. VEGF-A binding to receptor tyrosine kinases such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2 ) activates multiple signal transduction pathways and changes in homeostasis, metabolism, gene expression, cell proliferation, migration, and survival. One such VEGF-A-regulated response is a rapid rise in cytosolic calcium ion levels which modulates different biochemical events and impacts on endothelial-specific responses. Here, we present a series of detailed and robust protocols for evaluating ligand-stimulated cytosolic calcium ion flux in endothelial cells. By monitoring an endogenous endothelial transcription factor (NFATc2 ) which displays calcium-sensitive redistribution, we can assess the relevance of cytosolic calcium to protein function. This protocol can be easily applied to both adherent and non-adherent cultured cells to evaluate calcium ion flux in response to exogenous stimuli such as VEGF-A.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Izma Abdul-Zani
- School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Ian C Zachary
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, University College London, London, UK
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Huang L, Bichsel C, Norris A, Thorpe J, Pevsner J, Alexandrescu S, Pinto A, Zurakowski D, Kleiman RJ, Sahin M, Greene AK, Bischoff J. Endothelial GNAQ p.R183Q Increases ANGPT2 (Angiopoietin-2) and Drives Formation of Enlarged Blood Vessels. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:e27-e43. [PMID: 34670408 PMCID: PMC8702487 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Capillary malformation (CM) occurs sporadically and is associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome. The somatic mosaic mutation in GNAQ (c.548G>A, p.R183Q) is enriched in endothelial cells (ECs) in skin CM and Sturge-Weber syndrome brain CM. Our goal was to investigate how the mutant Gαq (G-protein αq subunit) alters EC signaling and disrupts capillary morphogenesis. Approach and Results: We used lentiviral constructs to express p.R183Q or wild-type GNAQ in normal human endothelial colony forming cells (EC-R183Q and EC-WT, respectively). EC-R183Q constitutively activated PLC (phospholipase C) β3, a downstream effector of Gαq. Activated PLCβ3 was also detected in human CM tissue sections. Bulk RNA sequencing analyses of mutant versus wild-type EC indicated constitutive activation of PKC (protein kinase C), NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) and calcineurin signaling in EC-R183Q. Increased expression of downstream targets in these pathways, ANGPT2 (angiopoietin-2) and DSCR (Down syndrome critical region protein) 1.4 were confirmed by quantitative PCR and immunostaining of human CM tissue sections. The Gαq inhibitor YM-254890 as well as siRNA targeted to PLCβ3 reduced mRNA expression levels of these targets in EC-R183Q while the pan-PKC inhibitor AEB071 reduced ANGPT2 but not DSCR1.4. EC-R183Q formed enlarged blood vessels in mice, reminiscent of those found in human CM. shRNA knockdown of ANGPT2 in EC-R183Q normalized the enlarged vessels to sizes comparable those formed by EC-WT. CONCLUSIONS Gαq-R183Q, when expressed in ECs, establishes constitutively active PLCβ3 signaling that leads to increased ANGPT2 and a proangiogenic, proinflammatory phenotype. EC-R183Q are sufficient to form enlarged CM-like vessels in mice, and suppression of ANGPT2 prevents the enlargement. Our study provides the first evidence that endothelial Gαq-R183Q is causative for CM and identifies ANGPT2 as a contributor to CM vascular phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huang
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Colette Bichsel
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Alexis Norris
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Jeremy Thorpe
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Jonathan Pevsner
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Sanda Alexandrescu
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Anna Pinto
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - David Zurakowski
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Research, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Robin J. Kleiman
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Mustafa Sahin
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Arin K. Greene
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Vascular Anomalies Center, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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6
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Zhang J, Chen H, Weng X, Liu H, Chen Z, Huang Q, Wang L, Liu X. RCAN1.4 attenuates renal fibrosis through inhibiting calcineurin-mediated nuclear translocation of NFAT2. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:317. [PMID: 34707090 PMCID: PMC8551295 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00713-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is thus deemed to a global health problem. Renal fibrosis, characterized by accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in the kidney, is considered a common pathway leading to CKD. Regulator of calcineurin1 (RCAN1), identified as a competitive endogenous inhibitor of the phosphatase calcineurin, participates in ECM deposition in various organs. However, the role of RCAN1 in renal fibrosis remains unclear. Here, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), a well-known model to induce renal fibrosis in vivo, was performed on mice for a week. To overexpress RCAN1.4 in vivo, recombinant adeno-associated virus 9-packed RCAN1.4 over-expression plasm was employed in mice kidney. Lentivirus-packed RCAN1.4 over-expression plasm was employed to transfer into HK-2 and NRK-49F cells in vitro. The results indicated that RCAN1.4 expression was impaired both in UUO-induced renal fibrosis in vivo and TGF-β1-induced renal fibrosis in vitro. However, knocking in of RCAN1.4 suppressed the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, in vitro, the apoptosis-related proteins, including the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved-caspase3, were elevated in cells transfected with RCAN1.4 overexpression plasmid. In addition, we found that RCAN1.4 could rugulated NFAT2 nuclear distribution by inhibiting calcineurin pathway. So overexpression of RCAN1.4 could reverse renal fibrosis, attenuate ECM related protein accumulation, promote apoptosis of myofibroblast via inhibiting Calcineurin/NFAT2 signaling pathway. Taken together, our study demonstrated that targeting RCAN1.4 may be therapeutic efficacy in renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Zhang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaodong Weng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiuheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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Choi C, Park J, Kim H, Chang KT, Park J, Min KT. DSCR1 upregulation enhances dural meningeal lymphatic drainage to attenuate amyloid pathology of Alzheimer's disease. J Pathol 2021; 255:296-310. [PMID: 34312845 DOI: 10.1002/path.5767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Highly developed meningeal lymphatics remove waste products from the brain. Disruption of meningeal lymphatic vessels in a mouse model of amyloid pathology (5XFAD) accelerates the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the meninges and brain, and causes learning and memory deficits, suggesting that clearance of toxic wastes by lymphatic vessels plays a key role in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we discovered that DSCR1 (Down syndrome critical region 1, known also as RCAN1, regulator of calcineurin 1) facilitates the drainage of waste products by increasing the coverage of dorsal meningeal lymphatic vessels. Furthermore, upregulation of DSCR1 in 5XFAD mice diminishes Aβ pathology in the brain and improves memory defects. Surgical ligation of cervical lymphatic vessels afferent to dcLN blocks the beneficial effects of DSCR1 on Aβ accumulation and cognitive function. Interestingly, intracerebroventricular delivery of AAV1-DSCR1 to 5XFAD mice is sufficient to rebuild the meningeal lymphatic system and re-establish cognitive performance. Collectively, our data indicate that DSCR1 facilitates the growth of dorsal meningeal lymphatics to improve drainage efficiency and protect against Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies, further highlighting that improving meningeal lymphatic function is a feasible treatment strategy for AD. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyeol Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Karen T Chang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tai Min
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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8
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Hashim SNM, Yusof MFH, Zahari W, Noordin KBAA, Akamatsu T, Azlina A. Amniotic membrane matrix effects on calcineurin-NFAT-related gene expressions of SHED treated with VEGF for endothelial differentiation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2021; 57:560-570. [PMID: 34021476 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-021-00588-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT) signaling pathway is involved in angiogenesis following initiation by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A number of angiogenic genes have been associated with calcineurin in the NFAT pathway, forming a calcineurin-NFAT pathway. This study aims to investigate the involvement of four angiogenic genes within the calcineurin-NFAT pathway in the endothelial-like differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) cultured on a human amniotic membrane (HAM) induced by VEGF. SHED were induced with VEGF for 24 h, then cultured on the stromal side of HAM. The cells were then further induced with VEGF until days 1 and 14. To understand the role of calcineurin, its potent inhibitor, cyclosporin A (CsA), was added into the culture. Results from SEM and H&E analyses showed SHED grew on HAM surface. Gene expression study of Cox-2 showed a drastically reduced expression with CsA treatment indicating Cox-2 involvement in the calcineurin-NFAT pathway. Meanwhile, IL-8 was probably controlled by another pathway as it showed no CsA inhibition. In contrast, high expression of ICAM-1 and RCAN1.4 by VEGF and CsA implied that these genes were not controlled by the calcineurin-NFAT-dependent pathway. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest the involvement of Cox-2 in the calcineurin-NFAT-dependent pathway while RCAN1.4 was controlled by NFAT molecule in endothelial-like differentiation of SHED cultured on HAM with VEGF induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nurnasihah Md Hashim
- School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Fuad Hilmi Yusof
- School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wafa' Zahari
- School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Tetsuya Akamatsu
- Department of Bioengineering, Division of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial & Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan
| | - Ahmad Azlina
- School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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9
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Endothelial Ca 2+ Signaling, Angiogenesis and Vasculogenesis: just What It Takes to Make a Blood Vessel. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163962. [PMID: 31416282 PMCID: PMC6721072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that endothelial Ca2+ signals drive angiogenesis by recruiting multiple Ca2+-sensitive decoders in response to pro-angiogenic cues, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, stromal derived factor-1α and angiopoietins. Recently, it was shown that intracellular Ca2+ signaling also drives vasculogenesis by stimulation proliferation, tube formation and neovessel formation in endothelial progenitor cells. Herein, we survey how growth factors, chemokines and angiogenic modulators use endothelial Ca2+ signaling to regulate angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. The endothelial Ca2+ response to pro-angiogenic cues may adopt different waveforms, ranging from Ca2+ transients or biphasic Ca2+ signals to repetitive Ca2+ oscillations, and is mainly driven by endogenous Ca2+ release through inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors and by store-operated Ca2+ entry through Orai1 channels. Lysosomal Ca2+ release through nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate-gated two-pore channels is, however, emerging as a crucial pro-angiogenic pathway, which sustains intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Understanding how endothelial Ca2+ signaling regulates angiogenesis and vasculogenesis could shed light on alternative strategies to induce therapeutic angiogenesis or interfere with the aberrant vascularization featuring cancer and intraocular disorders.
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10
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Karina, Samudra MF, Rosadi I, Afini I, Widyastuti T, Sobariah S, Remelia M, Puspitasari RL, Rosliana I, Tunggadewi TI. Combination of the stromal vascular fraction and platelet-rich plasma accelerates the wound healing process: pre-clinical study in a Sprague-Dawley rat model. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6:18. [PMID: 31463311 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2019.06.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) improve wound healing owing to their angiogenic potency. However, the production of large quantities of ADSCs for clinical applications is laborious. In this study, the efficacy of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF; non-expanded ADSCs) combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) which contains abundant growth factors, for wound healing was evaluated using an animal model. Methods PRP from venous blood and SVF from lipoaspirates were harvested from six donors. PRP, SVF, SVF + PRP, and saline solution as a negative control were injected to second degree burn wounds in the backs of 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats. On the seventh day after injection, rats were euthanized and wounds were analyzed microscopically and macroscopically. Results Wounds closed faster in the SVF + PRP group than in the control group or PRP or SVF alone groups, with less inflammation, prominent signs of re-epithelization, more skin appendages and blood vessels, and a higher rate of hair growth. No infection or rat death occurred during the trial. Conclusions The combination of SVF and PRP may provide an additive stimulatory effect to support angiogenesis and accelerate the wound healing process; accordingly, this combination is a potential alternative to ADSC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina
- Doctoral Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Klinik Hayandra, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, Indonesia.,HayandraLab, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Imam Rosadi
- HayandraLab, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Master Degree of Biotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Irsyah Afini
- HayandraLab, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Siti Sobariah
- HayandraLab, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Melinda Remelia
- Doctoral Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Department of Basic Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Iis Rosliana
- HayandraLab, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri I Tunggadewi
- Animal Hospital Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural Institute, Bogor, Indonesia
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11
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Corti F, Wang Y, Rhodes JM, Atri D, Archer-Hartmann S, Zhang J, Zhuang ZW, Chen D, Wang T, Wang Z, Azadi P, Simons M. N-terminal syndecan-2 domain selectively enhances 6-O heparan sulfate chains sulfation and promotes VEGFA 165-dependent neovascularization. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1562. [PMID: 30952866 PMCID: PMC6450910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09605-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteoglycan Syndecan-2 (Sdc2) has been implicated in regulation of cytoskeleton organization, integrin signaling and developmental angiogenesis in zebrafish. Here we report that mice with global and inducible endothelial-specific deletion of Sdc2 display marked angiogenic and arteriogenic defects and impaired VEGFA165 signaling. No such abnormalities are observed in mice with deletion of the closely related Syndecan-4 (Sdc4) gene. These differences are due to a significantly higher 6-O sulfation level in Sdc2 versus Sdc4 heparan sulfate (HS) chains, leading to an increase in VEGFA165 binding sites and formation of a ternary Sdc2-VEGFA165-VEGFR2 complex which enhances VEGFR2 activation. The increased Sdc2 HS chains 6-O sulfation is driven by a specific N-terminal domain sequence; the insertion of this sequence in Sdc4 N-terminal domain increases 6-O sulfation of its HS chains and promotes Sdc2-VEGFA165-VEGFR2 complex formation. This demonstrates the existence of core protein-determined HS sulfation patterns that regulate specific biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Corti
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Yingdi Wang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - John M Rhodes
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Deepak Atri
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Stephanie Archer-Hartmann
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Zhen W Zhuang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Dongying Chen
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Tianyun Wang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Zhirui Wang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Michael Simons
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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12
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Li H, Zhang W, Zhong F, Das GC, Xie Y, Li Z, Cai W, Jiang G, Choi J, Sidani M, Hyink DP, Lee K, Klotman PE, He JC. Epigenetic regulation of RCAN1 expression in kidney disease and its role in podocyte injury. Kidney Int 2018; 94:1160-1176. [PMID: 30366682 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that epigenetic modification is important in kidney disease pathogenesis. To determine whether epigenetic regulation is involved in HIV-induced kidney injury, we performed genome-wide methylation profiling and transcriptomic profiling of human primary podocytes infected with HIV-1. Comparison of DNA methylation and RNA sequencing profiles identified several genes that were hypomethylated with corresponding upregulated RNA expression in HIV-infected podocytes. Notably, we found only one hypermethylated gene with corresponding downregulated RNA expression, namely regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1). Further, we found that RCAN1 RNA expression was suppressed in glomeruli in human diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, and lupus nephritis, and in mouse models of HIV-associated nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy. We confirmed that HIV infection or high glucose conditions suppressed RCAN1 expression in cultured podocytes. This suppression was alleviated upon pretreatment with DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine, suggesting that RCAN1 expression is epigenetically suppressed in the context of HIV infection and diabetic conditions. Mechanistically, increased expression of RCAN1 decreased HIV- or high glucose-induced nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcriptional activity. Increased RCAN1 expression also stabilized actin cytoskeleton organization, consistent with the inhibition of the calcineurin pathway. In vivo, knockout of RCAN1 aggravated albuminuria and podocyte injury in mice with Adriamycin-induced nephropathy. Our findings suggest that epigenetic suppression of RCAN1 aggravates podocyte injury in the setting of HIV infection and diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fang Zhong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gokul C Das
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yifan Xie
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zhengzhe Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Weijing Cai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gengru Jiang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jae Choi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mohamad Sidani
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Deborah P Hyink
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kyung Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul E Klotman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - John Cijiang He
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Kidney Center at James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.
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13
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Yang Y, Li S, Jin ZR, Jing HB, Zhao HY, Liu BH, Liang YJ, Liu LY, Cai J, Wan Y, Xing GG. Decreased abundance of TRESK two-pore domain potassium channels in sensory neurons underlies the pain associated with bone metastasis. Sci Signal 2018; 11. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aao5150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastasis–associated VEGF suppresses neuronal K
+
channels and increases pain in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zi-Run Jin
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hong-Bo Jing
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo-Heng Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ya-Jing Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ling-Yu Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - You Wan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guo-Gang Xing
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
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14
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Pang Z, Junkins RD, Raudonis R, MacNeil AJ, McCormick C, Cheng Z, Lin TJ. Regulator of calcineurin 1 differentially regulates TLR-dependent MyD88 and TRIF signaling pathways. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197491. [PMID: 29799862 PMCID: PMC5969770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize the conserved molecular patterns in microorganisms and trigger myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) and/or TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) pathways that are critical for host defense against microbial infection. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern TLR signaling remain incompletely understood. Regulator of calcineurin-1 (RCAN1), a small evolutionarily conserved protein that inhibits calcineurin phosphatase activity, suppresses inflammation during Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Here, we define the roles for RCAN1 in P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated TLR4 signaling. We compared the effects of P. aeruginosa LPS challenge on bone marrow-derived macrophages from both wild-type and RCAN1-deficient mice and found that RCAN1 deficiency increased the MyD88-NF-κB-mediated cytokine production (IL-6, TNF and MIP-2), whereas TRIF-interferon-stimulated response elements (ISRE)-mediated cytokine production (IFNβ, RANTES and IP-10) was suppressed. RCAN1 deficiency caused increased IκBα phosphorylation and NF-κB activity in the MyD88-dependent pathway, but impaired ISRE activation and reduced IRF7 expression in the TRIF-dependent pathway. Complementary studies of a mouse model of P. aeruginosa LPS-induced acute pneumonia confirmed that RCAN1-deficient mice displayed greatly enhanced NF-κB activity and MyD88-NF-κB-mediated cytokine production, which correlated with enhanced pulmonary infiltration of neutrophils. By contrast, RCAN1 deficiency had little effect on the TRIF pathway in vivo. These findings demonstrate a novel regulatory role of RCAN1 in TLR signaling, which differentially regulates MyD88 and TRIF pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Pang
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Robert D. Junkins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Renee Raudonis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Adam J. MacNeil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Craig McCormick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Zhenyu Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Tong-Jun Lin
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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15
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García-Redondo AB, Esteban V, Briones AM, Díaz Del Campo LS, González-Amor M, Méndez-Barbero N, Campanero MR, Redondo JM, Salaices M. Regulator of calcineurin 1 modulates vascular contractility and stiffness through the upregulation of COX-2-derived prostanoids. Pharmacol Res 2018; 133:236-249. [PMID: 29309904 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) derived-prostanoids participate in the altered vascular function and mechanical properties in cardiovascular diseases. We investigated whether regulator of calcineurin 1 (Rcan1) participates in vascular contractility and stiffness through the regulation of COX-2. For this, wild type (Rcan1+/+) and Rcan1-deficient (Rcan1-/-) mice untreated or treated with the COX-2 inhibitor rofecoxib were used. Vascular function and structure were analysed by myography. COX-2 and phospo-p65 expression were studied by western blotting and immunohistochemistry and TXA2 production by ELISA. We found that Rcan1 deficiency increases COX-2 and IL-6 expression and NF-κB activation in arteries and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Adenoviral-mediated re-expression of Rcan1.4 in Rcan1-/- VSMC normalized COX-2 expression. Phenylephrine-induced vasoconstrictor responses were greater in aorta from Rcan1-/- compared to Rcan1+/+ mice. This increased response were diminished by etoricoxib, furegrelate, SQ 29548, cyclosporine A and parthenolide, inhibitors of COX-2, TXA2 synthase, TP receptors, calcineurin and NF-κB, respectively. Endothelial removal and NOS inhibition increased phenylephrine responses only in Rcan1+/+ mice. TXA2 levels were greater in Rcan1-/- mice. In small mesenteric arteries, vascular function and structure were similar in both groups of mice; however, vessels from Rcan1-/- mice displayed an increase in vascular stiffness that was diminished by rofecoxib. In conclusion, our results suggest that Rcan1 might act as endogenous negative modulator of COX-2 expression and activity by inhibiting calcineurin and NF-kB pathways to maintain normal contractility and vascular stiffness in aorta and small mesenteric arteries, respectively. Our results uncover a new role for Rcan1 in vascular contractility and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B García-Redondo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain
| | - Vanesa Esteban
- Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Remodeling and Inflammation Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigación Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Briones
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain.
| | - Lucía S Díaz Del Campo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - María González-Amor
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Méndez-Barbero
- Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Remodeling and Inflammation Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel R Campanero
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain; Departmento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M Redondo
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain; Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Remodeling and Inflammation Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Salaices
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Spain.
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16
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Dieterich LC, Ducoli L, Shin JW, Detmar M. Distinct transcriptional responses of lymphatic endothelial cells to VEGFR-3 and VEGFR-2 stimulation. Sci Data 2017; 4:170106. [PMID: 28850122 PMCID: PMC5574372 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2017.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors play crucial roles in the formation of blood and lymphatic vessels during embryogenesis, and also under pathologic conditions in the adult. Despite intensive efforts over the last decades to elucidate the precise functions of VEGFs, transcriptional responses to VEGF receptor stimulation are still not fully characterized. To investigate the specific transcriptional effects of VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 activation, we performed a correlation analysis of previously published CAGE sequencing and microarray data of human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) stimulated with distinct VEGFs acting through either VEGFR-2 or VEGFR-3. We identified that specific activation of VEGFR-3 by VEGF-C156S results in the downregulation of many genes involved in immune regulation and inflammation, suggesting that VEGFR-3 stimulation has direct anti-inflammatory effects. Comparing CAGE and microarray data sets, we furthermore identified a small number of genes that showed a receptor-dependent response in LECs, demonstrating that these receptors, despite activating very similar signaling pathways, fulfill overlapping but not identical functions within the same cell type (LECs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar C. Dieterich
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Ducoli
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jay W. Shin
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Michael Detmar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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RCAN1.4 regulates VEGFR-2 internalisation, cell polarity and migration in human microvascular endothelial cells. Angiogenesis 2017; 20:341-358. [PMID: 28271280 PMCID: PMC5511620 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-017-9542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) is an endogenous inhibitor of the calcineurin pathway in cells. It is expressed as two isoforms in vertebrates: RCAN1.1 is constitutively expressed in most tissues, whereas transcription of RCAN1.4 is induced by several stimuli that activate the calcineurin-NFAT pathway. RCAN1.4 is highly upregulated in response to VEGF in human endothelial cells in contrast to RCAN1.1 and is essential for efficient endothelial cell migration and tubular morphogenesis. Here, we show that RCAN1.4 has a role in the regulation of agonist-stimulated VEGFR-2 internalisation and establishment of endothelial cell polarity. siRNA-mediated gene silencing revealed that RCAN1 plays a vital role in regulating VEGF-mediated cytoskeletal reorganisation and directed cell migration and sprouting angiogenesis. Adenoviral-mediated overexpression of RCAN1.4 resulted in increased endothelial cell migration. Antisense-mediated morpholino silencing of the zebrafish RCAN1.4 orthologue revealed a disrupted vascular development further confirming a role for the RCAN1.4 isoform in regulating vascular endothelial cell physiology. Our data suggest that RCAN1.4 plays a novel role in regulating endothelial cell migration by establishing endothelial cell polarity in response to VEGF.
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18
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Dharmadhikari AV, Sun JJ, Gogolewski K, Carofino BL, Ustiyan V, Hill M, Majewski T, Szafranski P, Justice MJ, Ray RS, Dickinson ME, Kalinichenko VV, Gambin A, Stankiewicz P. Lethal lung hypoplasia and vascular defects in mice with conditional Foxf1 overexpression. Biol Open 2016; 5:1595-1606. [PMID: 27638768 PMCID: PMC5155529 DOI: 10.1242/bio.019208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
FOXF1 heterozygous point mutations and genomic deletions have been reported in newborns with the neonatally lethal lung developmental disorder, alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV). However, no gain-of-function mutations in FOXF1 have been identified yet in any human disease conditions. To study the effects of FOXF1 overexpression in lung development, we generated a Foxf1 overexpression mouse model by knocking-in a Cre-inducible Foxf1 allele into the ROSA26 (R26) locus. The mice were phenotyped using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), head-out plethysmography, ChIP-seq and transcriptome analyses, immunohistochemistry, and lung histopathology. Thirty-five percent of heterozygous R26-Lox-Stop-Lox (LSL)-Foxf1 embryonic day (E)15.5 embryos exhibit subcutaneous edema, hemorrhages and die perinatally when bred to Tie2-cre mice, which targets Foxf1 overexpression to endothelial and hematopoietic cells. Histopathological and micro-CT evaluations revealed that R26Foxf1; Tie2-cre embryos have immature lungs with a diminished vascular network. Neonates exhibited respiratory deficits verified by detailed plethysmography studies. ChIP-seq and transcriptome analyses in E18.5 lungs identified Sox11, Ghr, Ednrb, and Slit2 as potential downstream targets of FOXF1. Our study shows that overexpression of the highly dosage-sensitive Foxf1 impairs lung development and causes vascular abnormalities. This has important clinical implications when considering potential gene therapy approaches to treat disorders of FOXF1 abnormal dosage, such as ACDMPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash V Dharmadhikari
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Translational Biology & Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jenny J Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Brandi L Carofino
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Translational Biology & Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vladimir Ustiyan
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Misty Hill
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tadeusz Majewski
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Przemyslaw Szafranski
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Monica J Justice
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Translational Biology & Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, SickKids, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Russell S Ray
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mary E Dickinson
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vladimir V Kalinichenko
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Anna Gambin
- Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
| | - Paweł Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Translational Biology & Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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19
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Regulator of Calcineurin 1 in Periodontal Disease. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:5475821. [PMID: 27403036 PMCID: PMC4925939 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5475821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) and NF-kB pathway associated processes are involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory disorders, for example, periodontal disease. The activation of these pathways is controlled by the regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1). The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of RCAN1 in periodontal disease. Healthy and inflamed periodontal tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence using specific rabbit polyclonal anti-RCAN1 antibodies. For expression analysis human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used. HUVEC were incubated for 2 h with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) or with wild type and laboratory strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Expression analysis of rcan1 and cox2 was done by real time PCR using specific primers for rcan1.4 and cox2. The expression of rcan1 was found to be significantly suppressed in endothelial cells of chronically inflamed periodontal tissues compared to healthy controls. Rcan1 and cox2 were significantly induced by VEGF and wild type and laboratory P. gingivalis strains. Interestingly, the magnitude of the rcan1 and cox2 induction was strain dependent. The results of this study indicate that RCAN1 is suppressed in endothelial cells of chronically inflamed periodontal tissues. During an acute infection, however, rcan1 seems to be upregulated in endothelial cells, indicating a modulating role in immune homeostasis of periodontal tissues.
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20
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Shin J, Nunomiya A, Kitajima Y, Dan T, Miyata T, Nagatomi R. Prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 deficiency promotes skeletal muscle fiber-type transition via a calcineurin/NFATc1-dependent pathway. Skelet Muscle 2016; 6:5. [PMID: 26949511 PMCID: PMC4779261 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-016-0079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia exposure is known to induce an alteration in skeletal muscle fiber-type distribution mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-α. The downstream pathway of HIF-α leading to fiber-type shift, however, has not been elucidated. The calcineurin pathway is one of the pathways responsible for slow muscle fiber transition. Because calcineurin pathway is activated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), one of the factors induced by HIF-1α, we hypothesized that the stabilization of HIF-1α may lead to slow muscle fiber transition via the activation of calcineurin pathway in skeletal muscles. To induce HIF-1α stabilization, we used a loss of function strategy to abrogate Prolyl hydroxylase domain protein (PHD) 2 responsible for HIF-1α hydroxylation making HIF-1α susceptible to ubiquitin dependent degradation by proteasome. The purpose of this study was therefore to examine the effect of HIF-1α stabilization in PHD2 conditional knockout mouse on skeletal muscle fiber-type transition and to elucidate the involvement of calcineurin pathway on muscle fiber-type transition. Results PHD2 deficiency resulted in an increased capillary density in skeletal muscles due to the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor. It also elicited an alteration of skeletal muscle phenotype toward the type I fibers in both of the soleus (35.8 % in the control mice vs. 46.7 % in the PHD2-deficient mice, p < 0.01) and the gastrocnemius muscle (0.94 vs. 1.89 %, p < 0.01), and the increased proportion of type I fibers appeared to correspond to the area of increased capillary density. In addition, calcineurin and nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFATc1) protein levels were increased in both the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, suggesting that the calcineurin/NFATc1 pathway was responsible for the type I fiber transition regardless of PGC-1α, which responded minimally to PHD2 deficiency. Indeed, we found that tacrolimus (FK-506), a calcineurin inhibitor, successfully suppressed slow fiber-type formation in PHD2-deficient mice. Conclusions Taken together, stabilized HIF-1α induced by PHD2 conditional knockout resulted in the transition of muscle fibers toward a slow fiber type via a calcineurin/NFATc1 signaling pathway. PHD2 conditional knockout mice may serve as a model for chronic HIF-1α stabilization as in mice exposed to low oxygen concentration. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13395-016-0079-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchul Shin
- Department of Medicine & Science in Sport & Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Aki Nunomiya
- Department of Medicine & Science in Sport & Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yasuo Kitajima
- Department of Medicine & Science in Sport & Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Takashi Dan
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Therapy, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine (ART), Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Toshio Miyata
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Therapy, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine (ART), Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine & Science in Sport & Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan.,Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan.,Center for Sports Medicine and Science, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine (ART), Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
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21
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Su CM, Huang CY, Tang CH. Characteristics of resistin in rheumatoid arthritis angiogenesis. Biomark Med 2016; 10:651-60. [PMID: 26867862 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.15.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipokines have been reported to be involved in the regulation of various physiological processes, including the immune response. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an example of a systemic immune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the synovium and bone destruction in the joint. Recent therapeutic strategies based on the understanding of the role of cytokines and cellular mechanisms in RA have improved our understanding of angiogenesis. On the other hand, endogenous endothelial progenitor cells, which are a population isolated from peripheral blood monocytes have recently been identified as a homing target for pro-angiogeneic factor and vessel formation. In this review, we summarize the effects of common adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin and resistin in RA pathogenesis and discuss other potential mechanisms of relevance for the therapeutic treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ming Su
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Laboratory, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China.,Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yun-Lin County, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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22
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Smith G, Tomlinson D, Harrison M, Ponnambalam S. Chapter Eight - Ubiquitin-Mediated Regulation of Cellular Responses to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2016; 141:313-38. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Pinto MCX, Kihara AH, Goulart VAM, Tonelli FMP, Gomes KN, Ulrich H, Resende RR. Calcium signaling and cell proliferation. Cell Signal 2015; 27:2139-49. [PMID: 26275497 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cell proliferation is orchestrated through diverse proteins related to calcium (Ca(2+)) signaling inside the cell. Cellular Ca(2+) influx that occurs first by various mechanisms at the plasma membrane, is then followed by absorption of Ca(2+) ions by mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, and, finally, there is a connection of calcium stores to the nucleus. Experimental evidence indicates that the fluctuation of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum provides a pivotal and physiological role for cell proliferation. Ca(2+) depletion in the endoplasmatic reticulum triggers Ca(2+) influx across the plasma membrane in an phenomenon called store-operated calcium entries (SOCEs). SOCE is activated through a complex interplay between a Ca(2+) sensor, denominated STIM, localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and a Ca(2+) channel at the cell membrane, denominated Orai. The interplay between STIM and Orai proteins with cell membrane receptors and their role in cell proliferation is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Cunha Xavier Pinto
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Univtreersidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Presyes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Rua Santo Antônio, 420, 35500-041 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Hiroaki Kihara
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Rua Arcturus (Jd Antares), 09606-070, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vânia A M Goulart
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Univtreersidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Rua Santo Antônio, 420, 35500-041 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M P Tonelli
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Univtreersidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Rua Santo Antônio, 420, 35500-041 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Katia N Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Univtreersidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Presyes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Resende
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Univtreersidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Rua Santo Antônio, 420, 35500-041 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
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24
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C/EBPβ and Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells Differentially Regulate Adamts-1 Induction by Stimuli Associated with Vascular Remodeling. Mol Cell Biol 2015. [PMID: 26217013 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00494-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the metalloproteinase Adamts-1 plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of vessel remodeling, but little is known about the signaling pathways that control Adamts-1 expression. We show that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiotensin-II, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α, stimuli implicated in pathological vascular remodeling, increase Adamts-1 expression in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Analysis of the intracellular signaling pathways implicated in this process revealed that VEGF and angiotensin-II upregulate Adamts-1 expression via activation of differential signaling pathways that ultimately promote functional binding of the NFAT or C/EBPβ transcription factors, respectively, to the Adamts-1 promoter. Infusion of mice with angiotensin-II triggered phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of C/EBPβ proteins in aortic cells concomitantly with an increase in the expression of Adamts-1, further underscoring the importance of C/EBPβ signaling in angiotensin-II-induced upregulation of Adamts-1. Similarly, VEGF promoted NFAT activation and subsequent Adamts-1 induction in aortic wall in a calcineurin-dependent manner. Our results demonstrate that Adamts-1 upregulation by inducers of pathological vascular remodeling is mediated by specific signal transduction pathways involving NFAT or C/EBPβ transcription factors. Targeting of these pathways may prove useful in the treatment of vascular disease.
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25
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Su CM, Hsu CJ, Tsai CH, Huang CY, Wang SW, Tang CH. Resistin Promotes Angiogenesis in Endothelial Progenitor Cells Through Inhibition of MicroRNA206: Potential Implications for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Stem Cells 2015; 33:2243-55. [PMID: 25828083 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) promote angiogenesis and are therefore key contributors to a wide variety of angiogenesis-related autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the signaling mechanisms through which these progenitor cells influence RA pathogenesis remain unknown. The aim of this study was to examine whether resistin plays a role in the pathogenesis of and angiogenesis associated with RA by circulating EPCs. We found that levels of resistin in synovial fluid and tissue from patients with RA and from mice with collagen-induced arthritis were overexpressed and promoted the homing of EPCs into the synovium, thereby inducing angiogenesis. EPCs isolated from healthy donors were used to investigate the signal transduction pathway underlying EPC migration and tube formation after treatment with resistin. We found that resistin directly induced a significant increase in expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in EPCs. We also found that the expression of microRNA-206 (miR-206) was negatively correlated with the expression of resistin during EPC-mediated angiogenesis. Notably, the increased expression of VEGF was associated with decreased binding of miR-206 to the VEGF-A 3' untranslated region through protein kinase C delta-dependent AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Moreover, blockade of resistin reduced EPC homing into synovial fluid and angiogenesis in vivo. Taken together, our study is the first to demonstrate that resistin promotes EPCs homing into the synovium during RA angiogenesis via a signal transduction pathway that involves VEGF expression in primary EPCs. These findings provide support for resistin as a therapeutic target for the patients with RA. Stem Cells 2015;33:2243-2255.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ming Su
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Jung Hsu
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yun-Lin County, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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26
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Fearnley GW, Bruns AF, Wheatcroft SB, Ponnambalam S. VEGF-A isoform-specific regulation of calcium ion flux, transcriptional activation and endothelial cell migration. Biol Open 2015; 4:731-42. [PMID: 25910937 PMCID: PMC4467193 DOI: 10.1242/bio.201410884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) regulates many aspects of vascular physiology such as cell migration, proliferation, tubulogenesis and cell-cell interactions. Numerous isoforms of VEGF-A exist but their physiological significance is unclear. Here we evaluated two different VEGF-A isoforms and discovered differential regulation of cytosolic calcium ion flux, transcription factor localisation and endothelial cell response. Analysis of VEGF-A isoform-specific stimulation of VEGFR2-dependent signal transduction revealed differential capabilities for isoform activation of multiple signal transduction pathways. VEGF-A165 treatment promoted increased phospholipase Cγ1 phosphorylation, which was proportional to the subsequent rise in cytosolic calcium ions, in comparison to cells treated with VEGF-A121. A major consequence of this VEGF-A isoform-specific calcium ion flux in endothelial cells is differential dephosphorylation and subsequent nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NFATc2. Using reverse genetics, we discovered that NFATc2 is functionally required for VEGF-A-stimulated endothelial cell migration but not tubulogenesis. This work presents a new mechanism for understanding how VEGF-A isoforms program complex cellular outputs by converting signal transduction pathways into transcription factor redistribution to the nucleus, as well as defining a novel role for NFATc2 in regulating the endothelial cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth W Fearnley
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Alexander F Bruns
- Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine & Health, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Stephen B Wheatcroft
- Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine & Health, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sreenivasan Ponnambalam
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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27
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Abstract
Periventricular heterotopia (PH) is a cortical malformation characterized by aggregation of neurons lining the lateral ventricles due to abnormal neuronal migration. The molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of PH is unclear. Here we show that Regulators of calcineurin 1 (Rcan1), a Down syndrome-related gene, plays an important role in radial migration of rat cortical neurons. Downregulation of Rcan1 by expressing shRNA impaired neural progenitor proliferation and led to defects in radial migration and PH. Two isoforms of Rcan1 (Rcan1-1 and Rcan1-4) are expressed in the rat brain. Migration defects due to downregulation of Rcan1 could be prevented by shRNA-resistant expression of Rcan1-1 but not Rcan1-4. Furthermore, we found that Rcan1 knockdown significantly decreased the expression level of Flna, an F-actin cross-linking protein essential for cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell migration, mutation of which causes the most common form of bilateral PH in humans. Finally, overexpression of FLNA in Rcan1 knockdown neurons prevented migration abnormalities. Together, these findings demonstrate that Rcan1 acts upstream from Flna in regulating radial migration and suggest that impairment of Rcan1-Flna pathway may underlie PH pathogenesis.
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28
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Zhang J, He S, Wang Y, Brulois K, Lan K, Jung JU, Feng P. Herpesviral G protein-coupled receptors activate NFAT to induce tumor formation via inhibiting the SERCA calcium ATPase. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004768. [PMID: 25811856 PMCID: PMC4374719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of proteins that transmit signal to regulate an array of fundamental biological processes. Viruses deploy diverse tactics to hijack and harness intracellular signaling events induced by GPCR. Herpesviruses encode multiple GPCR homologues that are implicated in viral pathogenesis. Cellular GPCRs are primarily regulated by their cognate ligands, while herpesviral GPCRs constitutively activate downstream signaling cascades, including the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) pathway. However, the roles of NFAT activation and mechanism thereof in viral GPCR tumorigenesis remain unknown. Here we report that GPCRs of human Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kGPCR) and cytomegalovirus (US28) shortcut NFAT activation by inhibiting the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA), which is necessary for viral GPCR tumorigenesis. Biochemical approaches, entailing pharmacological inhibitors and protein purification, demonstrate that viral GPCRs target SERCA2 to increase cytosolic calcium concentration. As such, NFAT activation induced by vGPCRs was exceedingly sensitive to cyclosporine A that targets calcineurin, but resistant to inhibition upstream of ER calcium release. Gene expression profiling identified a signature of NFAT activation in endothelial cells expressing viral GPCRs. The expression of NFAT-dependent genes was up-regulated in tumors derived from tva-kGPCR mouse and human KS. Employing recombinant kGPCR-deficient KSHV, we showed that kGPCR was critical for NFAT-dependent gene expression in KSHV lytic replication. Finally, cyclosporine A treatment diminished NFAT-dependent gene expression and tumor formation induced by viral GPCRs. These findings reveal essential roles of NFAT activation in viral GPCR tumorigenesis and a mechanism of “constitutive” NFAT activation by viral GPCRs. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of proteins that transmit signal across plasma membrane. Herpesviral GPCRs (vGPCRs) activate diverse signaling cascades and are implicated in viral pathogenesis (e.g., tumor development). In contrast to cellular GPCRs that are chiefly regulated via cognate ligand-association, vGPCRs are constitutively active independent of ligand-binding. vGPCRs provide useful tools to dissect signal transduction from plasma membrane receptors to nuclear transcription factors. To probe the activation of nuclear factor of T cells (NFAT), we demonstrate that vGPCRs target the ER calcium ATPase to increase cytosolic calcium concentration and activate NFAT. Inhibition of NFAT activation impairs tumor formation induced by vGPCRs, implying the antitumor therapeutic potential via disabling NFAT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Shanping He
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin Brulois
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ke Lan
- Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Pinghui Feng
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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May the remodeling of the Ca²⁺ toolkit in endothelial progenitor cells derived from cancer patients suggest alternative targets for anti-angiogenic treatment? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1853:1958-73. [PMID: 25447551 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may be recruited from bone marrow to sustain the metastatic switch in a number of solid cancers, including breast cancer (BC) and renal cellular carcinoma (RCC). Preventing EPC mobilization causes tumor shrinkage. Novel anti-angiogenic treatments have been introduced in therapy to inhibit VEGFR-2 signaling; unfortunately, these drugs blocked tumor angiogenesis in pre-clinical murine models, but resulted far less effective in human patients. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving EPC proliferation and tubulogenesis in cancer patients could outline novel targets for alternative anti-angiogenic treatments. Store-operated Ca²⁺ entry (SOCE) regulates the growth of human EPCs, and it is mediated by the interaction between the endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-sensor, Stim1, and the plasmalemmal Ca²⁺ channels, Orai1 and TRPC1. EPCs do not belong to the neoplastic clone: thus, unlike tumor endothelium and neoplastic cells, they should not remodel their Ca²⁺ toolkit in response to tumor microenvironment. However, our recent work demonstrated that EPCs isolated from naïve RCC patients (RCC-EPCs) undergo a dramatic remodeling of their Ca²⁺ toolkit by displaying a remarkable drop in the endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ content, by down-regulating the expression of inositol-1,4,5-receptors (InsP3Rs), and by up-regulating Stim1, Orai1 and TRPC1. Moreover, EPCs are dramatically less sensitive to VEGF stimulation both in terms of Ca²⁺ signaling and of gene expression when isolated from tumor patients. Conversely, the pharmacological abolition of SOCE suppresses proliferation in these cells. These results question the suitability of VEGFR-2 as a therapeutically relevant target for anti-angiogenic treatments and hint at Orai1 and TRPC1 as more promising alternatives. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: 13th European Symposium on Calcium.
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Baggott RR, Alfranca A, López-Maderuelo D, Mohamed TMA, Escolano A, Oller J, Ornes BC, Kurusamy S, Rowther FB, Brown JE, Oceandy D, Cartwright EJ, Wang W, Gómez-del Arco P, Martínez-Martínez S, Neyses L, Redondo JM, Armesilla AL. Plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform 4 inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated angiogenesis through interaction with calcineurin. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2310-20. [PMID: 25147342 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been identified as a crucial regulator of physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Among the intracellular signaling pathways triggered by VEGF, activation of the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling axis has emerged as a critical mediator of angiogenic processes. We and others previously reported a novel role for the plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) as an endogenous inhibitor of the calcineurin/NFAT pathway, via interaction with calcineurin, in cardiomyocytes and breast cancer cells. However, the functional significance of the PMCA/calcineurin interaction in endothelial pathophysiology has not been addressed thus far. APPROACH AND RESULTS Using in vitro and in vivo assays, we here demonstrate that the interaction between PMCA4 and calcineurin in VEGF-stimulated endothelial cells leads to downregulation of the calcineurin/NFAT pathway and to a significant reduction in the subsequent expression of the NFAT-dependent, VEGF-activated, proangiogenic genes RCAN1.4 and Cox-2. PMCA4-dependent inhibition of calcineurin signaling translates into a reduction in endothelial cell motility and blood vessel formation that ultimately impairs in vivo angiogenesis by VEGF. CONCLUSIONS Given the importance of the calcineurin/NFAT pathway in the regulation of pathological angiogenesis, targeted modulation of PMCA4 functionality might open novel therapeutic avenues to promote or attenuate new vessel formation in diseases that occur with angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon R Baggott
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Arantzazu Alfranca
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Dolores López-Maderuelo
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Tamer M A Mohamed
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Amelia Escolano
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Jorge Oller
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Beatriz C Ornes
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Sathishkumar Kurusamy
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Farjana B Rowther
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - James E Brown
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Delvac Oceandy
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Elizabeth J Cartwright
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Weiguang Wang
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Pablo Gómez-del Arco
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Sara Martínez-Martínez
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Ludwig Neyses
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.)
| | - Juan Miguel Redondo
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.).
| | - Angel Luis Armesilla
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy (R.R.B., S.K., A.L.A.), Brain Tumor UK Neuro-oncology Research Centre (F.B.R.), and Oncology Group (W.W.), Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom; Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.A., D.L.-M., A.E., J.O., B.C.O., P.G.-d.A., S.M.-M., J.M.R.); Human Genetics Department, Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain (A.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom (T.M.A.M., D.O., E.J.C., L.N.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (T.M.A.M.); Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (J.E.B.); Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (P.G.-d.A.); and University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg (L.N.).
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Mousseau Y, Mollard S, Qiu H, Richard L, Cazal R, Nizou A, Vedrenne N, Rémi S, Baaj Y, Fourcade L, Funalot B, Sturtz FG. In vitro 3D angiogenesis assay in egg white matrix: comparison to Matrigel, compatibility to various species, and suitability for drug testing. J Transl Med 2014; 94:340-9. [PMID: 24395110 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2013.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro angiogenesis assays are commonly used to assess pro- or anti-angiogenic drug properties. Extracellular matrix (ECM) substitutes such as Matrigel and collagen gel became very popular in in vitro 3D angiogenesis assays as they enable tubule formation by endothelial cells from culture or aortic rings. However, these assays are usually used with a single cell type, lacking the complex cellular interactions occurring during angiogenesis. Here, we report a novel angiogenesis assay using egg white as ECM substitute. We found that, similar to Matrigel, egg white elicited prevascular network formation by endothelial and/or smooth muscle cell coculture. This matrix was suitable for various cells from human, mouse, and rat origin. It is compatible with aortic ring assay and also enables vascular and tumor cell coculture. Through simple labeling (DAPI, Hoechst 33258), cell location and resulting prevascular network formation can easily be quantified. Cell transfection with green fluorescent protein improved whole cell visualization and 3D structure characterization. Finally, egg-based assay dedicated to angiogenesis studies represents a reliable and cost-effective way to produce and analyze data regarding drug effects on vascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoanne Mousseau
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, EA 6063, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Séverine Mollard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, EA 6063, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Hao Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, EA 6063, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Laurence Richard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, EA 6063, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Raphael Cazal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, EA 6063, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Angélique Nizou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, EA 6063, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Nicolas Vedrenne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, EA 6063, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | | | - Yasser Baaj
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, EA 6063, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Laurent Fourcade
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, EA 6063, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Benoit Funalot
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, EA 6063, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Franck G Sturtz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, EA 6063, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France
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32
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Torac E, Gaman L, Atanasiu V. The regulator of calcineurin (RCAN1) an important factor involved in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases development. J Med Life 2014; 7:481-7. [PMID: 25713607 PMCID: PMC4316123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, one of the main causes of cardiovascular diseases, is a complex process that involves manifold factors. Besides the vascular lipids accumulation, inflammatory factors could be considered as a proatherogenic factor - RCAN1. RCAN1 is a regulator of calcineurin, both of them being calcium dependent proteins. Recent studies have shown that RCAN1 has an important role in heart valve development. In the same time researchers found that, the atherosclerotic plaques have an up-regulated RCAN1 gene expression. In the near future, it is desirable to elucidate the RCAN1 function and classify it as a possible biochemical marker to diagnose infancy atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Torac
- Biochemistry Department, ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - L Gaman
- Biochemistry Department, ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - V Atanasiu
- Biochemistry Department, ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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33
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Abstract
In this review we summarize the current understanding of signal transduction downstream of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and its receptor VEGFR2, and the relationship between these signal transduction pathways and the hallmark responses of VEGFA, angiogenesis and vascular permeability. These physiological responses involve a number of effectors, including extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), Src, phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Rho family GTPases, endothelial NO and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Several of these factors are involved in the regulation of both angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Tumour angiogenesis primarily relies on VEGFA-driven responses, which to a large extent result in a dysfunctional vasculature. The reason for this remains unclear, although it appears that certain aspects of the VEGFA-stimulated angiogenic milieu (high level of microvascular density and permeability) promote tumour expansion. The high degree of redundancy and complexity of VEGFA-driven tumour angiogenesis may explain why tumours commonly develop resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy targeting VEGFA signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Claesson-Welsh
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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34
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Sánchez-Ilárduya MB, Trouche E, Tejero R, Orive G, Reviakine I, Anitua E. Time-dependent release of growth factors from implant surfaces treated with plasma rich in growth factors. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 101:1478-88. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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35
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Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus K15 protein contributes to virus-induced angiogenesis by recruiting PLCγ1 and activating NFAT1-dependent RCAN1 expression. PLoS Pathog 2012; 8:e1002927. [PMID: 23028325 PMCID: PMC3460623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS), caused by Kaposi's Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV), is a highly vascularised angiogenic tumor of endothelial cells, characterized by latently KSHV-infected spindle cells and a pronounced inflammatory infiltrate. Several KSHV proteins, including LANA-1 (ORF73), vCyclin (ORF72), vGPCR (ORF74), vIL6 (ORF-K2), vCCL-1 (ORF-K6), vCCL-2 (ORF-K4) and K1 have been shown to exert effects that can lead to the proliferation and atypical differentiation of endothelial cells and/or the secretion of cytokines with angiogenic and inflammatory properties (VEGF, bFGF, IL6, IL8, GROα, and TNFβ). To investigate a role of the KSHV K15 protein in KSHV-mediated angiogenesis, we carried out a genome wide gene expression analysis on primary endothelial cells infected with KSHV wildtype (KSHVwt) and a KSHV K15 deletion mutant (KSHVΔK15). We found RCAN1/DSCR1 (Regulator of Calcineurin 1/Down Syndrome critical region 1), a cellular gene involved in angiogenesis, to be differentially expressed in KSHVwt- vs KSHVΔK15-infected cells. During physiological angiogenesis, expression of RCAN1 in endothelial cells is regulated by VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) through a pathway involving the activation of PLCγ1, Calcineurin and NFAT1. We found that K15 directly recruits PLCγ1, and thereby activates Calcineurin/NFAT1-dependent RCAN1 expression which results in the formation of angiogenic tubes. Primary endothelial cells infected with KSHVwt form angiogenic tubes upon activation of the lytic replication cycle. This effect is abrogated when K15 is deleted (KSHVΔK15) or silenced by an siRNA targeting the K15 expression. Our study establishes K15 as one of the KSHV proteins that contribute to KSHV-induced angiogenesis. Kaposi's Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV) causes a multifocal angio-proliferative neoplasm, Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS), whose development involves angiogenic growth factors and cytokines. The K15 protein of KSHV upregulates the host factor RCAN1/DSCR1. RCAN1/DSCR1 has been implicated in angiogenesis but its role in KS has never been investigated. In this study we show that the increased expression of RCAN1/DSCR1 in KSHV-infected endothelial cells depends on K15 and that K15, by recruiting PLCγ1, activates PLCγ1, Calcineurin and NFAT1 to induce RCAN1/DSCR1 expression and capillary tube formation. Deleting the K15 gene from the viral genome, or silencing its expression with siRNA, reduces the ability of KSHV to induce angiogenesis in infected endothelial cells in tissue culture. These findings suggest that the K15 protein contributes to the angiogenic properties of this virus.
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High-throughput screening for bioactive molecules using primary cell culture of transgenic zebrafish embryos. Cell Rep 2012; 2:695-704. [PMID: 22999940 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2012.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic zebrafish embryos expressing tissue-specific green fluorescent protein (GFP) can provide an unlimited supply of primary embryonic cells. Agents that promote the differentiation of these cells may be beneficial for therapeutics. We report a high-throughput approach for screening small molecules that regulate cell differentiation using lineage-specific GFP transgenic zebrafish embryonic cells. After validating several known regulators of the differentiation of endothelial and other cell types, we performed a screen for proangiogenic molecules using undifferentiated primary cells from flk1-GFP transgenic zebrafish embryos. Cells were grown in 384-well plates with 12,128 individual small molecules, and GFP expression was analyzed by means of an automated imaging system, which allowed us to screen thousands of compounds weekly. As a result, 23 molecules were confirmed to enhance angiogenesis, and 11 of them were validated to promote the proliferation of mammalian human umbilical vascular endothelial cells and induce Flk1+ cells from murine embryonic stem cells. We demonstrated the general applicability of this strategy by analyzing additional cell lineages using zebrafish expressing GFP in pancreatic, cardiac, and dopaminergic cells.
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VEGF increases the proliferative capacity and eNOS/NO levels of endothelial progenitor cells through the calcineurin/NFAT signalling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2012; 36:21-7. [PMID: 21895605 DOI: 10.1042/cbi20100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated whether VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) regulates the proliferative capacity and eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase)/NO (nitric oxide) pathway of EPCs (endothelial progenitor cells) by activating CaN (calcineurin)/NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cells) signalling. EPCs were obtained from cultured mononuclear cells isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy adults. Treatment with VEGF (50 ng/ml) potently promoted CaN enzymatic activity, activation of NFAT2, cell proliferation, eNOS protein expression and NO production. Pretreatment with cyclosporin A (10 μg/ml), a pharmacological inhibitor of CaN or 11R-VIVIT, a special inhibitor of NFAT, completely abrogated the aforementioned effects of VEGF treatment and increased apoptosis. The results indicate that VEGF treatment promotes the proliferative capacity of human EPCs by activating CaN/NFAT signalling leading to increased eNOS protein expression and NO production.
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Bakillah A, Guillot R, Urios P, Grigorova-Borsos AM, Sternberg M. Stimulating effect of growth hormone on type IV collagen production by endothelial cells cultured in normal and high glucose. Amino Acids 2011; 43:697-707. [PMID: 22002796 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Collagen IV accumulation is characteristic of diabetic angiopathy. To test the possible contribution of GH, we studied its effects on collagen IV production by human umbilical vein endothelial cells at 5.5 and 16.7 mmol/l glucose. GH (100 ng/ml) markedly increased collagen IV level in the culture supernatant and in the insoluble extracellular matrix and cell fraction at both glucose concentrations. This stimulating effect of GH was additional to that of high glucose. It was more pronounced on collagen IV than on total protein synthesis. GH increased free latent gelatinase activity slightly at normal and markedly at high glucose. Using GF109203X, a PKC inhibitor, we observed that high glucose, but not GH, activated PKC. These two factors stimulating collagen IV production appear to work through different pathways, favoring an additivity of their effects. This supports the contribution of high plasma GH in diabetic vascular basement membrane thickening.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bakillah
- Equipe de Recherches sur la Biochimie et la Pharmacologie des Vaisseaux et du Rein, Protéines Modifiées, Protéases et Physiopathologie de l'Endothélium Vasculaire, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
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NFATc3 regulates the transcription of genes involved in T-cell activation and angiogenesis. Blood 2011; 118:795-803. [PMID: 21642596 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-12-322701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family of transcription factors plays important roles in many biologic processes, including the development and function of the immune and vascular systems. Cells usually express more than one NFAT member, raising the question of whether NFATs play overlapping roles or if each member has selective functions. Using mRNA knock-down, we show that NFATc3 is specifically required for IL2 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) gene expression in transformed and primary T cells and for T-cell proliferation. We also show that NFATc3 regulates COX2 in endothelial cells, where it is required for COX2, dependent migration and angiogenesis in vivo. These results indicate that individual NFAT members mediate specific functions through the differential regulation of the transcription of target genes. These effects, observed on short-term suppression by mRNA knock-down, are likely to have been masked by compensatory effects in gene-knockout studies.
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Uniewicz KA, Cross MJ, Fernig DG. Exogenous recombinant dimeric neuropilin-1 is sufficient to drive angiogenesis. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:12-23. [PMID: 20956519 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.190801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is present on the cell surface of endothelial cells, or as a soluble truncated variant. Membrane NRP-1 is proposed to enhance angiogenesis by promoting the formation of a signaling complex between vascular endothelial growth factor-A(165) (VEGF-A(165)), VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and heparan sulfate, whereas the soluble NRP-1 is thought to act as an antagonist of signaling complex formation. We have analyzed the angiogenic potential of a chimera comprising the entire extracellular NRP-1 region dimerized through an Fc IgG domain and a monomeric truncated NRP-1 variant. Both NRP-1 proteins stimulated tubular morphogenesis and cell migration in HDMECs and HUVECs. Fc rNRP-1 was able to induce VEGFR-2 phosphorylation and expression of the VEGFR-2 specific target, regulator of calcineurin-1 (RCAN1.4). siRNA mediated gene silencing of VEGFR-2 revealed that VEGFR-2 was required for Fc rNRP-1 mediated activation of the intracellular signaling proteins PLC-γ, AKT, and MAPK and tubular morphogenesis. The stimulatory activity was independent of VEGF-A(165). This was evidenced by depleting the cell culture of exogenous VEGF-A(165), and using instead for routine culture VEGF-A(121), which does not interact with NRP-1, and by the inability of VEGF-A sequestering antibodies to inhibit the angiogenic activity of the NRP proteins. Analysis of angiogenesis over a period of 6 days in an in vitro fibroblast/endothelial co-culture model revealed that Fc rNRP-1 could induce endothelial cell tubular morphogenesis. Thus, we conclude that soluble Fc rNRP-1 is a VEGF-A(165)-independent agonist of VEGFR-2 and stimulates angiogenesis in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna A Uniewicz
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
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