1
|
Wenger JA, Cassone BJ, Legeai F, Johnston JS, Bansal R, Yates AD, Coates BS, Pavinato VAC, Michel A. Whole genome sequence of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 123:102917. [PMID: 28119199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Aphids are emerging as model organisms for both basic and applied research. Of the 5,000 estimated species, only three aphids have published whole genome sequences: the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia, and the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae. We present the whole genome sequence of a fourth aphid, the soybean aphid (Aphis glycines), which is an extreme specialist and an important invasive pest of soybean (Glycine max). The availability of genomic resources is important to establish effective and sustainable pest control, as well as to expand our understanding of aphid evolution. We generated a 302.9 Mbp draft genome assembly for Ap. glycines using a hybrid sequencing approach. This assembly shows high completeness with 19,182 predicted genes, 92% of known Ap. glycines transcripts mapping to contigs, and substantial continuity with a scaffold N50 of 174,505 bp. The assembly represents 95.5% of the predicted genome size of 317.1 Mbp based on flow cytometry. Ap. glycines contains the smallest known aphid genome to date, based on updated genome sizes for 19 aphid species. The repetitive DNA content of the Ap. glycines genome assembly (81.6 Mbp or 26.94% of the 302.9 Mbp assembly) shows a reduction in the number of classified transposable elements compared to Ac. pisum, and likely contributes to the small estimated genome size. We include comparative analyses of gene families related to host-specificity (cytochrome P450's and effectors), which may be important in Ap. glycines evolution. This Ap. glycines draft genome sequence will provide a resource for the study of aphid genome evolution, their interaction with host plants, and candidate genes for novel insect control methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Wenger
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, USA; Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Bryan J Cassone
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, USA; Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Fabrice Legeai
- Ecology and Genetics of Insects & INRIA/IRISA, Genscale, Campus Beaulieu, Rennes, INRA, UMR IGEPP 1349, France
| | - J Spencer Johnston
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Raman Bansal
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Ashley D Yates
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, USA; Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Brad S Coates
- USDA-ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Vitor A C Pavinato
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Andy Michel
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, USA; Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Voronova NV, Levykina S, Warner D, Shulinski R, Bandarenka Y, Zhorov D. Characteristic and variability of five complete aphid mitochondrial genomes: Aphis fabae mordvilkoi, Aphis craccivora, Myzus persicae, Therioaphis tenera and Appendiseta robiniae (Hemiptera; Sternorrhyncha; Aphididae). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:187-206. [PMID: 31917211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genomes of aphids Aphis fabae mordvilkoi, A. craccivora, Myzus persicae from Aphidinae as well as Therioaphis tenera and Appendiseta robiniae from Calaphidinae were sequenced and compared with the genomes of other aphid species. A. fabae mordvilkoi, Th. tenera and A. robiniae mitogenomes were sequenced and analyzed for the first time. The annotation of A. craccivora and M. persicae were corrected compared to what was previously published. According to our data there is no translocation of tRNA-Tyr gene in A. craccivora mitogenome and this aphid species has an ancestral type of mitochondrial gene order. A + T content in all 5 mitogenomes was higher than 80%. A + T content in the Th. tenera CR was 59.5% which is untypically low. CRs of all 5 studied mitogenomes had 2 conserved motifs at their ends and extended G + C rich region. A. craccivora, M. persicae and Th. tenera had large tandem repeats inside the CRs. Detailed molecular analysis of all 5 aphid mitochondrial genomes showed the importance of a deep understanding of the molecular organization of all the functional regions of the mitochondrial DNA, which helps to avoid mistakes during genome annotation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina V Voronova
- Zoology Department, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Sofiya Levykina
- Zoology Department, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Derek Warner
- DNA Sequencing Core Facility, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Raman Shulinski
- Zoology Department, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Yury Bandarenka
- Zoology Department, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Dmitrii Zhorov
- Zoology Department, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Q, Deng J, Chen C, Zeng L, Lin X, Cheng Z, Qiao G, Huang X. DNA Barcoding Subtropical Aphids and Implications for Population Differentiation. INSECTS 2019; 11:E11. [PMID: 31877643 PMCID: PMC7022676 DOI: 10.3390/insects11010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA barcoding has proven its worth in species identification, discovering cryptic diversity, and inferring genetic divergence. However, reliable DNA barcode reference libraries that these applications depend on are not available for many taxonomic groups and geographical regions. Aphids are a group of plant sap sucking insects, including many notorious pests in agriculture and forestry. The aphid fauna of the subtropical region has been understudied. In this study, based on extensive sampling effort across main subtropical areas, we sequenced 1581 aphid specimens of 143 morphospecies, representing 75 genera, and 13 subfamilies, to build the first comprehensive DNA barcode library for subtropical aphids. We examined the utility of DNA barcodes in identifying aphid species and population differentiation and evaluated the ability of different species delimitation methods (automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD), generalized mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC), and Bayesian Poisson tree processes (bPTP)). We found that most aphid species demonstrated barcode gaps and that a threshold value of 2% genetic distance is suitable for distinguishing most species. Our results indicated that ten morphospecies may have species divergence related to factors such as host plant or geography. By using two pest species Aphis spiraecola and A. gossypii as examples, we also discussed the effect of the sampling scale of host plants on the results and reliability of DNA barcoding of phytophagous insects. This DNA barcode library will be valuable for future studies and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Jun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Cui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Linda Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Xiaolan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhentao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Gexia Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Xiaolei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (L.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rebijith KB, Asokan R, Hande HR, Joshi S, Surveswaran S, Ramamurthy VV, Krishna Kumar NK. Reconstructing the macroevolutionary patterns of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
5
|
Boissot N, Schoeny A, Vanlerberghe-Masutti F. Vat, an Amazing Gene Conferring Resistance to Aphids and Viruses They Carry: From Molecular Structure to Field Effects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1420. [PMID: 27725823 PMCID: PMC5035753 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We review half a century of research on Cucumis melo resistance to Aphis gossypii from molecular to field levels. The Vat gene is unique in conferring resistance to both A. gossypii and the viruses it transmits. This double phenotype is aphid clone-dependent and has been observed in 25 melon accessions, mostly from Asia. It is controlled by a cluster of genes including CC-NLR, which has been characterized in detail. Copy-number polymorphisms (for the whole gene and for a domain that stands out in the LLR region) and single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified in the Vat cluster. The role of these polymorphisms in plant/aphid interactions remains unclear. The Vat gene structure suggests a functioning with separate recognition and response phases. During the recognition phase, the VAT protein is thought to interact (likely indirectly) with an aphid effector introduced during cell puncture by the aphid. A few hours later, several miRNAs are upregulated in Vat plants. Peroxidase activity increases, and callose and lignin are deposited in the walls of the cells adjacent to the stylet path, disturbing aphid behavior. In aphids feeding on Vat plants, Piwi-interacting RNA-like sequences are abundant and the levels of other miRNAs are modified. At the plant level, resistance to aphids is quantitative (aphids escape the plant and display low rates of reproduction). Resistance to viruses is qualitative and local. Durability of NLR genes is highly variable. A. gossypii clones are adapted to Vat resistance, either by introducing a new effector that interferes with the deployment of plant defenses, or by adapting to the defenses it triggered. Viruses transmitted in a non-persistent manner cannot adapt to Vat resistance. At population level, Vat reduces aphid density and genetic diversity. The durability of Vat resistance to A. gossypii populations depends strongly on the agro-ecosystem, including, in particular, the presence of other cucurbit crops serving as alternative hosts for adapted clones in fall and winter. At the crop level, Vat resistance decreases the intensity of virus epidemics when A. gossypii is the main aphid vector in the crop environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Boissot
- Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, INRAMontfavet, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee Y, Lee W, Lee S, Kim H. A cryptic species of Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) complex revealed by genetic divergence and different host plant association. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2015; 105:40-51. [PMID: 25413997 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485314000704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Three cryptic species, Aphis gossypii, Aphis glycines, and Aphis rhamnicola sp. nov., are recognized as sharing buckthorn plant, Rhamnus spp. as primary hosts. These aphid species have morphological similarities; however, there are significant genetic differences between the three cryptic species. Based on the high level of genetic divergence and the different secondary host association, we described a new species, Aphis rhamnicola sp. nov., for apterous and alate vivipara, fundatrix, ovipara, and gynopara, including diagnostic key for the host sharing species in the genus Aphis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Lee
- Insect Biosystematic Laboratory,Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University,Seoul 151-921,Korea
| | - W Lee
- Insect Biosystematic Laboratory,Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University,Seoul 151-921,Korea
| | - S Lee
- Insect Biosystematic Laboratory,Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University,Seoul 151-921,Korea
| | - H Kim
- Animal Phylogeny and Systematics,Department of Biology,Kunsan National University,Gunsan 573-701,Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lagos-Kutz D, Favret C, Giordano R, Voegtlin DJ. Molecular and morphological differentiation between Aphis gossypii Glover ( Hemiptera, Aphididae) and related species, with particular reference to the North American Midwest. Zookeys 2014; 459:49-72. [PMID: 25561853 PMCID: PMC4283632 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.459.7850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, is one of the most biologically diverse species of aphids; a polyphagous species in a family where most are host specialists. It is economically important and belongs to a group of closely related species that has challenged aphid taxonomy. The research presented here seeks to clarify the taxonomic relationships and status of species within the Aphid gossypii group in the North American Midwest. Sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI), nuclear elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α), and nuclear sodium channel para-type (SCP) genes were used to differentiate between Aphid gossypii and related species. Aphis monardae, previously synonymised with Aphid gossypii, is re-established as a valid species. Phylogenetic analyses support the close relationship of members of the Aphid gossypii group native to North America (Aphid forbesi, Aphid monardae, Aphid oestlundi, Aphid rubifolii, and Aphid rubicola), Europe (Aphid nasturtii, Aphid urticata and Aphid sedi), and Asia (Aphid agrimoniae, Aphid clerodendri, Aphid glycines, Aphid gossypii, Aphid hypericiphaga, Aphid ichigicola, Aphid ichigo, Aphid sanguisorbicola, Aphid sumire and Aphid taraxicicola). The North American species most closely related to Aphid gossypii are Aphid monardae and Aphid oestlundi. The cosmopolitan Aphid gossypii and Aphid sedi identified in the USA are genetically very similar using COI and EF1-α sequences, but the SCP gene shows greater genetic distance between them. We present a discussion of the biological and morphological differentiation of these species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doris Lagos-Kutz
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820 USA
| | - Colin Favret
- University of Montreal, Department of Biological Sciences, Biodiversity Centre, 4101 rue Sherbrooke est, Montreal QC, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Rosanna Giordano
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820 USA
| | - David J. Voegtlin
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820 USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Coeur d’acier A, Cruaud A, Artige E, Genson G, Clamens AL, Pierre E, Hudaverdian S, Simon JC, Jousselin E, Rasplus JY. DNA barcoding and the associated PhylAphidB@se website for the identification of European aphids (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae). PLoS One 2014; 9:e97620. [PMID: 24896814 PMCID: PMC4045754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Aphids constitute a diverse group of plant-feeding insects and are among the most important crop pests in temperate regions. Their morphological identification is time-consuming and requires specific knowledge, training and skills that may take years to acquire. We assessed the advantages and limits of DNA barcoding with the standard COI barcode fragment for the identification of European aphids. We constructed a large reference dataset of barcodes from 1020 specimens belonging to 274 species and 87 genera sampled throughout Europe and set up a database-driven website allowing species identification from query sequences. RESULTS In this unbiased sampling of the taxonomic diversity of European aphids, intraspecific divergence ranged from 0.0% to 3.9%, with a mean value of 0.29%, whereas mean congeneric divergence was 6.4%, ranging from 0.0% to 15%. Neighbor-joining analysis generated a tree in which most species clustered in distinct genetic units. Most of the species with undifferentiated or overlapping barcodes belonged to the genus Aphis or, to a lesser extent, the genera Brachycaudus, Dysaphis and Macrosiphum. The taxa involved were always morphologically similar or closely related and belonged to species groups known to present taxonomic difficulties. CONCLUSIONS These data confirm that COI barcoding is a useful identification tool for aphids. Barcode identification is straightforward and reliable for 80% of species, including some difficult to distinguish on the basis of morphological characters alone. Unsurprisingly, barcodes often failed to distinguish between species from groups for which classical taxonomy has also reached its limits, leading to endless revisions and discussions about species and subspecies definitions. In such cases, the development of an effective procedure for the accurate identification of aphid specimens continues to pose a difficult challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Coeur d’acier
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations), Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Astrid Cruaud
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations), Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Emmanuelle Artige
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations), Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Gwenaëlle Genson
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations), Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Anne-Laure Clamens
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations), Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Eric Pierre
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations), Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Sylvie Hudaverdian
- INRA, UMR IGEPP (Institute of Genetics, Environnement and Plant Protection), Le Rheu, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Simon
- INRA, UMR IGEPP (Institute of Genetics, Environnement and Plant Protection), Le Rheu, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jousselin
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations), Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Jean-Yves Rasplus
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations), Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lagos DM, Voegtlin DJ, Coeur d'acier A, Giordano R. Aphis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) species groups found in the Midwestern United States and their contribution to the phylogenetic knowledge of the genus. INSECT SCIENCE 2014; 21:374-391. [PMID: 24302699 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A phylogeny of the genus Aphis Linnaeus, 1 758 was built primarily from specimens collected in the Midwest of the United States. A data matrix was constructed with 68 species and 41 morphological characters with respective character states of alate and apterous viviparous females. Dendrogram topologies of analyses performed using UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean), Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian analysis of Cytochrome Oxidase I, Elongation Factor 1-α and primary endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola 16S sequences were not congruent. Bayesian analysis strongly supported most terminal nodes of the phylogenetic trees. The phylogeny was strongly supported by EF1-α, and analysis of COI and EF1-α molecular data combined with morphological characters. It was not supported by single analysis of COI or Buchnera aphidicola 16S. Results from the Bayesian phylogeny show 4 main species groups: asclepiadis, fabae, gossypii, and middletonii. Results place Aphis and species of the genera Protaphis Börner, 1952, Toxoptera Koch, and Xerobion Nevsky, 1928 in a monophyletic clade. Morphological characters support this monophyly as well. The phylogeny shows that the monophyletic clade of the North American middletonii species group belong to the genus Protaphis: P. debilicornis (Gillette & Palmer, 1929), comb. nov., P. echinaceae (Lagos and Voegtlin, 2009), comb. nov., and P. middletonii (Thomas, 1879). The genus Toxoptera should be considered a subgenus of Aphis (stat. nov.). The analysis also indicates that the current genus Iowana Frison, 1954 should be considered a subgenus of Aphis (stat. nov.).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doris M Lagos
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 320 Morrill Hall, 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mamos T, Wattier R, Majda A, Sket B, Grabowski M. Morphological vs. molecular delineation of taxa across montane regions in Europe: the case study of Gammarus balcanicus
Schäferna, (Crustacea: Amphipoda). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Mamos
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology; University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | - Remi Wattier
- Equipe Ecologie Evolutive; UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences; Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
| | - Aneta Majda
- Insitute of Paleobiology; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | - Boris Sket
- Oddelek za biologijo; Biotehniška fakulteta; Univerza v Ljubljani; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Michał Grabowski
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology; University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mostefaoui H, Allal-Benfekih L, Djazouli ZE, Petit D, Saladin G. Why the aphid Aphis spiraecola is more abundant on clementine tree than Aphis gossypii? C R Biol 2014; 337:123-33. [PMID: 24581807 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aphis spiraecola and Aphis gossypii cause harmful damages on clementine tree orchards. Weekly surveys measured the abundance of aphids (larvae, winged and wingless adults) as well as of auxiliary insects and parameters of energy metabolism. Correlatively, soluble carbohydrates, total free amino acids, free proline and condensed tannins were quantified in control and infested leaves. Both aphid species showed parallel temporal variations, but A. spiraecola was consistently more abundant regardless of the stage. Amino acids had a positive effect on both aphid species abundance, but neither condensed tannins nor auxiliary insects seemed to modulate aphid populations. Interestingly, the leaf carbohydrate content was positively correlated with the abundance of A. spiraecola, but not with that of A. gossypii. Moreover, A. gossypii's abundance was significantly down-regulated by high proline concentrations. Thus, the higher abundance of A. spiraecola could be explained by a better tolerance to high proline contents and a better conversion of foliar energy metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houda Mostefaoui
- Zoophytiatrie Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary, University Saad Dahleb, 9000 Blida, Algeria
| | - Leila Allal-Benfekih
- UMR 1061, INRA, Université de Limoges, 123, avenue Albert-Thomas, 87060 Limoges cedex, France
| | - Zahr-Eddine Djazouli
- Zoophytiatrie Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary, University Saad Dahleb, 9000 Blida, Algeria
| | - Daniel Petit
- UMR 1061, INRA, Université de Limoges, 123, avenue Albert-Thomas, 87060 Limoges cedex, France
| | - Gaëlle Saladin
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Substances (EA 1069), University of Limoges, 123, avenue Albert-Thomas, 87060 Limoges cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Macroevolutionary patterns in the Aphidini aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae): diversification, host association, and biogeographic origins. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24749. [PMID: 21935453 PMCID: PMC3174202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to its biogeographic origins and rapid diversification, understanding the tribe Aphidini is key to understanding aphid evolution. Major questions about aphid evolution include origins of host alternation as well as age and patterns of diversification in relation to host plants. To address these questions, we reconstructed the phylogeny of the Aphidini which contains Aphis, the most diverse genus in the family. We used a combined dataset of one nuclear and four mitochondrial DNA regions. A molecular dating approach, calibrated with fossil records, was used to estimate divergence times of these taxa. Principal Findings Most generic divergences in Aphidini occurred in the Middle Tertiary, and species-level divergences occurred between the Middle and Late Tertiary. The ancestral state of host use for Aphidini was equivocal with respect to three states: monoecy on trees, heteroecy, and monoecy on grasses. The ancestral state of Rhopalosiphina likely included both heteroecy and monoecy, whereas that of Aphidina was most likely monoecy. The divergence times of aphid lineages at the generic or subgeneric levels are close to those of their primary hosts. The species-level divergences in aphids are consistent with the diversification of the secondary hosts, as a few examples suggest. The biogeographic origin of Aphidini as a whole was equivocal, but the major lineages within Aphidina likely separated into Nearctic, Western Palearctic, and Eastern Palearctic regions. Conclusions Most generic divergences in Aphidini occurred in the Middle Tertiary when primary hosts, mainly in the Rosaceae, were diverging, whereas species-level divergences were contemporaneous with diversification of the secondary hosts such as Poaceae in the Middle to Late Tertiary. Our results suggest that evolution of host alternation within Aphidini may have occurred during the Middle Tertiary (Oligocene) when the secondary hosts emerged.
Collapse
|
13
|
McMahon DP, Hayward A, Kathirithamby J. The first molecular phylogeny of Strepsiptera (Insecta) reveals an early burst of molecular evolution correlated with the transition to endoparasitism. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21206. [PMID: 21738621 PMCID: PMC3125182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive model of evolution requires an understanding of the relationship between selection at the molecular and phenotypic level. We investigate this in Strepsiptera, an order of endoparasitic insects whose evolutionary biology is poorly studied. We present the first molecular phylogeny of Strepsiptera, and use this as a framework to investigate the association between parasitism and molecular evolution. We find evidence of a significant burst in the rate of molecular evolution in the early history of Strepsiptera. The evolution of morphological traits linked to parasitism is significantly correlated with the pattern in molecular rate. The correlated burst in genotypic-phenotypic evolution precedes the main phase of strepsipteran diversification, which is characterised by the return to a low and even molecular rate, and a period of relative morphological stability. These findings suggest that the transition to endoparasitism led to relaxation of selective constraint in the strepsipteran genome. Our results indicate that a parasitic lifestyle can affect the rate of molecular evolution, although other causal life-history traits correlated with parasitism may also play an important role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dino P. McMahon
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|