1
|
The large nonstructural protein (NS1) of the human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) directly interacts with Ku70, which plays an important role in virus replication in human airway epithelia. J Virol 2021; 96:e0184021. [PMID: 34878919 PMCID: PMC8865542 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01840-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1), an autonomous human parvovirus, causes acute respiratory tract infections in young children. HBoV1 infects well-differentiated (polarized) human airway epithelium cultured at an air-liquid interface (HAE-ALI). HBoV1 expresses a large nonstructural protein, NS1, that is essential for viral DNA replication. HBoV1 infection of polarized human airway epithelial cells induces a DNA damage response (DDR) that is critical to viral DNA replication involving DNA repair with error-free Y-family DNA polymerases. HBoV1 NS1 or the isoform NS1-70 per se induces a DDR. In this study, using the second-generation proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID2) approach, we identified that Ku70 is associated with the NS1-BioID2 pulldown complex through a direct interaction with NS1. Biolayer interferometry (BLI) assay determined a high binding affinity of NS1 with Ku70, which has an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) value of 0.16 μM and processes the strongest interaction at the C-terminal domain. The association of Ku70 with NS1 was also revealed during HBoV1 infection of HAE-ALI. Knockdown of Ku70 and overexpression of the C-terminal domain of Ku70 significantly decreased HBoV1 replication in HAE-ALI. Thus, our study provides, for the first time, a direct interaction of parvovirus large nonstructural protein NS1 with Ku70. IMPORTANCE Parvovirus infection induces a DNA damage response (DDR) that plays a pivotal role in viral DNA replication. The DDR includes activation of ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated), ATR (ATM- and RAD3-related), and DNA-PKcs (DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit). The large nonstructural protein (NS1) often plays a role in the induction of DDR; however, how the DDR is induced during parvovirus infection or simply by the NS1 is not well studied. Activation of DNA-PKcs has been shown as one of the key DDR pathways in DNA replication of HBoV1. We identified that HBoV1 NS1 directly interacts with Ku70, but not Ku80, of the Ku70/Ku80 heterodimer at high affinity. This interaction is also important for HBoV1 replication in HAE-ALI. We propose that the interaction of NS1 with Ku70 recruits the Ku70/Ku80 complex to the viral DNA replication center, which activates DNA-PKcs and facilitates viral DNA replication.
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim JI, Park K, Shin H, Choi SM, Song KJ. Molecular Detection of Parvovirus in Manchurian Chipmunks (Tamias sibiricus asiaticus) Captured in Korea. Intervirology 2021; 65:160-166. [PMID: 34695823 PMCID: PMC9501794 DOI: 10.1159/000520388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-species transmission of viral diseases alarms our global community for its potential of novel pandemic events. Of various viral pathogens noted recently, parvoviruses have posed public health threats not only to humans but also to wild animals. To investigate the prevalence of parvoviruses in wild Manchurian chipmunks, here we detected genetic fragments of the nonstructural protein of parvovirus by polymerase chain reaction in wild Manchurian chipmunk specimens captured in the central and southern regions of South Korea and compared their sequence homology with references. Of a total of 348 specimens examined, chipmunk parvovirus (ChpPV)-specific gene fragments were detected with a 31.32% rate (109 chipmunks of 348) in their kidney, liver, lung, and spleen samples, and the chipmunks captured in Gangwon Province exhibited the highest positive rate (45.37%), followed by Gyeongsang (35.29%), Gyeonggi (31.03%), Chungcheong (20.00%), and Jeolla (19.70%). When compared with the reference sequences, a partial ChpPV sequence showed 97.70% identity to the previously reported Korean strain at the nucleic acid level. In the phylogenetic analysis, ChpPV exhibited closer relationship to primate parvoviruses, erythroviruses, and bovine parvovirus than to adeno-associated viruses. Despite limited sample size and genetic sequences examined in this study, our results underline the prevalence of ChpPV in Korea and emphasize the need of close surveillance of parvoviruses in wild animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology, The Institute for Viral Diseases and Korea Bank for Pathogenic Viruses, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangsook Park
- Department of Microbiology, The Institute for Viral Diseases and Korea Bank for Pathogenic Viruses, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunho Shin
- Department of Microbiology, The Institute for Viral Diseases and Korea Bank for Pathogenic Viruses, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Min Choi
- Department of Microbiology, The Institute for Viral Diseases and Korea Bank for Pathogenic Viruses, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Joon Song
- Department of Microbiology, The Institute for Viral Diseases and Korea Bank for Pathogenic Viruses, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jager MC, Tomlinson JE, Lopez-Astacio RA, Parrish CR, Van de Walle GR. Small but mighty: old and new parvoviruses of veterinary significance. Virol J 2021; 18:210. [PMID: 34689822 PMCID: PMC8542416 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In line with the Latin expression "sed parva forti" meaning "small but mighty," the family Parvoviridae contains many of the smallest known viruses, some of which result in fatal or debilitating infections. In recent years, advances in metagenomic viral discovery techniques have dramatically increased the identification of novel parvoviruses in both diseased and healthy individuals. While some of these discoveries have solved etiologic mysteries of well-described diseases in animals, many of the newly discovered parvoviruses appear to cause mild or no disease, or disease associations remain to be established. With the increased use of animal parvoviruses as vectors for gene therapy and oncolytic treatments in humans, it becomes all the more important to understand the diversity, pathogenic potential, and evolution of this diverse family of viruses. In this review, we discuss parvoviruses infecting vertebrate animals, with a special focus on pathogens of veterinary significance and viruses discovered within the last four years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mason C Jager
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Joy E Tomlinson
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Robert A Lopez-Astacio
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Colin R Parrish
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Gerlinde R Van de Walle
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cellular Cleavage and Polyadenylation Specificity Factor 6 (CPSF6) Mediates Nuclear Import of Human Bocavirus 1 NP1 Protein and Modulates Viral Capsid Protein Expression. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.01444-19. [PMID: 31666379 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01444-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1), which belongs to the genus Bocaparvovirus of the Parvoviridae family, causes acute respiratory tract infections in young children. In vitro, HBoV1 infects polarized primary human airway epithelium (HAE) cultured at an air-liquid interface (HAE-ALI). HBoV1 encodes a small nonstructural protein, nuclear protein 1 (NP1), that plays an essential role in the maturation of capsid protein (VP)-encoding mRNAs and viral DNA replication. In this study, we determined the broad interactome of NP1 using the proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) assay combined with mass spectrometry (MS). We confirmed that two host mRNA processing factors, DEAH-box helicase 15 (DHX15) and cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 6 (CPSF6; also known as CFIm68), a subunit of the cleavage factor Im complex (CFIm), interact with HBoV1 NP1 independently of any DNA or mRNAs. Knockdown of CPSF6 significantly decreased the expression of capsid protein but not that of DHX15. We further demonstrated that NP1 directly interacts with CPSF6 in vitro and colocalizes within the virus replication centers. Importantly, we revealed a novel role of CPSF6 in the nuclear import of NP1, in addition to the critical role of CPSF6 in NP1-facilitated maturation of VP-encoding mRNAs. Thus, our study suggests that CPSF6 interacts with NP1 to escort NP1 imported into the nucleus for its function in the modulation of viral mRNA processing and viral DNA replication.IMPORTANCE Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is one of the significant pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections in young children worldwide. HBoV1 encodes a small nonstructural protein (NP1) that plays an important role in the maturation of viral mRNAs encoding capsid proteins as well as in viral DNA replication. Here, we identified a critical host factor, CPSF6, that directly interacts with NP1, mediates the nuclear import of NP1, and plays a role in the maturation of capsid protein-encoding mRNAs in the nucleus. The identification of the direct interaction between viral NP1 and host CPSF6 provides new insights into the mechanism by which a viral small nonstructural protein facilitates the multiple regulation of viral gene expression and replication and reveals a novel target for potent antiviral drug development.
Collapse
|
5
|
Du J, Wang W, Chan JFW, Wang G, Huang Y, Yi Y, Zhu Z, Peng R, Hu X, Wu Y, Zeng J, Zheng J, Cui X, Niu L, Zhao W, Lu G, Yuen KY, Yin F. Identification of a Novel Ichthyic Parvovirus in Marine Species in Hainan Island, China. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2815. [PMID: 31866980 PMCID: PMC6907010 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Parvoviruses are a diverse group of viruses that are capable of infecting a wide range of animals. In this study, we report the discovery of a novel parvovirus, tilapia parvovirus HMU-HKU, in the fecal samples of crocodiles and intestines of tilapia in Hainan Province, China. The novel parvovirus was firstly identified from crocodiles fed with tilapia using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Screening studies revealed that the prevalence of the novel parvovirus in crocodile feces samples fed on tilapia (75–86%) was apparently higher than that in crocodiles fed with chicken (4%). Further studies revealed that the prevalence of the novel parvovirus in tilapia feces samples collected at four areas in Hainan Province was between 40 and 90%. Four stains of the novel parvovirus were identified in this study based on sequence analyses of NS1 and all the four strains were found in tilapia in contrast only two of them were detected in crocodile feces. The nearly full-length genome sequence of the tilapia parvovirus HMU-HKU-1 was determined and showed less than 45.50 and 40.38% amino acid identity with other members of Parvoviridae in NS1 and VP1 genes, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete helicase domain amino acid sequences showed that the tilapia parvovirus HMU-HKU-1 formed a relatively independent branch in the newly proposed genus Chaphamaparvovirus in the subfamily Hamaparvovirinae according to the ICTV’s most recent taxonomic criteria for Parvoviridae classification. Tilapia parvovirus HMU-HKU-1 likely represented a new species within the new genus Chaphamaparvovirus. The identification of tilapia parvovirus HMU-HKU provides further insight into the viral and genetic diversity of parvoviruses and its infections in tilapia populations need to be evaluated in terms of pathogenicity and production losses in tilapia farming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Du
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Gaoyu Wang
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yufang Yi
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Ruoyan Peng
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Hu
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jifeng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Jiping Zheng
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiuji Cui
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Lina Niu
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Feifei Yin
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|