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Lim W, Lee S, Koh M, Jo A, Park J. Recent advances in chemical biology tools for protein and RNA profiling of extracellular vesicles. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:483-499. [PMID: 38846074 PMCID: PMC11151817 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00200d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized vesicles secreted by cells that contain various cellular components such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids from the parent cell. EVs are abundant in body fluids and can serve as circulating biomarkers for a variety of diseases or as a regulator of various biological processes. Considering these characteristics of EVs, analysis of the EV cargo has been spotlighted for disease diagnosis or to understand biological processes in biomedical research. Over the past decade, technologies for rapid and sensitive analysis of EVs in biofluids have evolved, but detection and isolation of targeted EVs in complex body fluids is still challenging due to the unique physical and biological properties of EVs. Recent advances in chemical biology provide new opportunities for efficient profiling of the molecular contents of EVs. A myriad of chemical biology tools have been harnessed to enhance the analytical performance of conventional assays for better understanding of EV biology. In this review, we will discuss the improvements that have been achieved using chemical biology tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojeong Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea
| | - Soyeon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea
| | - Minseob Koh
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Ala Jo
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea
- Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
- Multidimensional Genomics Research Center, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
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2
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Kanannejad Z, Arab S, Soleimanian S, Mazare A, Kheshtchin N. Exosomes in asthma: Underappreciated contributors to the pathogenesis and novel therapeutic tools. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1325. [PMID: 38934401 PMCID: PMC11209551 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma, a chronic inflammatory disease with diverse pathomechanisms, presents challenges in developing personalized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of exosomes, small extracellular vesicles, in asthma pathophysiology and explores their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic tools. METHODS A literature search was conducted to identify recent studies investigating the involvement of exosomes in asthma. The retrieved articles were analyzed to extract relevant information on the role of exosomes in maintaining lung microenvironment homeostasis, regulating inflammatory responses, and their diagnostic and therapeutic potential for asthma. RESULTS Exosomes secreted by various cell types, have emerged as crucial mediators of intercellular communication in healthy and diseased conditions. Evidence suggest that exosomes play a significant role in maintaining lung microenvironment homeostasis and contribute to asthma pathogenesis by regulating inflammatory responses. Differential exosomal content between healthy individuals and asthmatics holds promise for the development of novel asthma biomarkers. Furthermore, exosomes secreted by immune and nonimmune cells, as well as those detected in biofluids, demonstrate potential in promoting or regulating immune responses, making them attractive candidates for designing new treatment strategies for inflammatory conditions such as asthma. CONCLUSION Exosomes, with their ability to modulate immune responses and deliver therapeutic cargo, offer potential as targeted therapeutic tools in asthma management. Further research and clinical trials are required to fully understand the mechanisms underlying exosome-mediated effects and translate these findings into effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kanannejad
- Allergy Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Samaneh Arab
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of MedicineSemnan University of Medical SciencesSemnanIran
| | | | - Amirhossein Mazare
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Nasim Kheshtchin
- Allergy Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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3
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Sheikhhossein HH, Iommelli F, Di Pietro N, Curia MC, Piattelli A, Palumbo R, Roviello GN, De Rosa V. Exosome-like Systems: From Therapies to Vaccination for Cancer Treatment and Prevention-Exploring the State of the Art. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:519. [PMID: 38793770 PMCID: PMC11125800 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the main causes of death in the world due to its increasing incidence and treatment difficulties. Although significant progress has been made in this field, innovative approaches are needed to reduce tumor incidence, progression, and spread. In particular, the development of cancer vaccines is currently ongoing as both a preventive and therapeutic strategy. This concept is not new, but few vaccines have been approved in oncology. Antigen-based vaccination emerges as a promising strategy, leveraging specific tumor antigens to activate the immune system response. However, challenges persist in finding suitable delivery systems and antigen preparation methods. Exosomes (EXs) are highly heterogeneous bilayer vesicles that carry several molecule types in the extracellular space. The peculiarity is that they may be released from different cells and may be able to induce direct or indirect stimulation of the immune system. In particular, EX-based vaccines may cause an anti-tumor immune attack or produce memory cells recognizing cancer antigens and inhibiting disease development. This review delves into EX composition, biogenesis, and immune-modulating properties, exploring their role as a tool for prevention and therapy in solid tumors. Finally, we describe future research directions to optimize vaccine efficacy and realize the full potential of EX-based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Heydari Sheikhhossein
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Villa Serena Foundation for Research, 65013 Città Sant'Angelo, Italy
| | - Francesca Iommelli
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Natalia Di Pietro
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Curia
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- School of Dentistry, Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
- Facultad de Medicina, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosanna Palumbo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni N Roviello
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Viviana De Rosa
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, 80145 Naples, Italy
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4
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Tam S, Wear D, Morrone CD, Yu WH. The complexity of extracellular vesicles: Bridging the gap between cellular communication and neuropathology. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38650384 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Brain-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve a prominent role in maintaining homeostasis and contributing to pathology in health and disease. This review establishes a crucial link between physiological processes leading to EV biogenesis and their impacts on disease. EVs are involved in the clearance and transport of proteins and nucleic acids, responding to changes in cellular processes associated with neurodegeneration, including autophagic disruption, organellar dysfunction, aging, and other cell stresses. In neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, etc.), EVs contribute to the spread of pathological proteins like amyloid β, tau, ɑ-synuclein, prions, and TDP-43, exacerbating neurodegeneration and accelerating disease progression. Despite evidence for both neuropathological and neuroprotective effects of EVs, the mechanistic switch between their physiological and pathological functions remains elusive, warranting further research into their involvement in neurodegenerative disease. Moreover, owing to their innate ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier and their ubiquitous nature, EVs emerge as promising candidates for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The review uniquely positions itself at the intersection of EV cell biology, neurophysiology, and neuropathology, offering insights into the diverse biological roles of EVs in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tam
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darcy Wear
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher D Morrone
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wai Haung Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Dellar ER, Hill C, Carter DRF, Baena‐Lopez LA. Oxidative stress-induced changes in the transcriptomic profile of extracellular vesicles. JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 3:e150. [PMID: 38938847 PMCID: PMC11080704 DOI: 10.1002/jex2.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed to play dual roles in cellular homeostasis, functioning both to remove unwanted intracellular molecules, and to enable communication between cells as a means of modulating cellular responses in different physiological and pathological scenarios. EVs contain a broad range of cargoes, including multiple biotypes of RNA, which can vary depending on the cell status, and may function as signalling molecules. In this study, we carried out comparative transcriptomic analysis of Drosophila EVs and cells, demonstrating that the RNA profile of EVs is distinct from cells and shows dose-dependent changes in response to oxidative stress. We identified a high abundance of snoRNAs in EVs, alongside an enrichment of intronic and untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNAs under stress. We also observed an increase in the relative abundance of either aberrant or modified mRNAs under stress. These findings suggest that EVs may function both for the elimination of specific cellular RNAs, and for the incorporation of RNAs that may hold signalling potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R. Dellar
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Biological and Medical SciencesOxford Brookes UniversityOxfordUK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Claire Hill
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Centre for Public HealthQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - David R. F. Carter
- Department of Biological and Medical SciencesOxford Brookes UniversityOxfordUK
- Evox Therapeutics LimitedOxford Science ParkOxfordUK
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6
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Yaghoobi A, Rezaee M, Behnoush AH, Khalaji A, Mafi A, Houjaghan AK, Masoudkabir F, Pahlavan S. Role of long noncoding RNAs in pathological cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction: An emerging insight into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116248. [PMID: 38325262 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of heart failure (HF), accounting for high mortality and morbidity worldwide. As a consequence of ischemia/reperfusion injury during MI, multiple cellular processes such as oxidative stress-induced damage, cardiomyocyte death, and inflammatory responses occur. In the next stage, the proliferation and activation of cardiac fibroblasts results in myocardial fibrosis and HF progression. Therefore, developing a novel therapeutic strategy is urgently warranted to restrict the progression of pathological cardiac remodeling. Recently, targeting long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) provided a novel insight into treating several disorders. In this regard, numerous investigations have indicated that several lncRNAs could participate in the pathogenesis of MI-induced cardiac remodeling, suggesting their potential therapeutic applications. In this review, we summarized lncRNAs displayed in the pathophysiology of cardiac remodeling after MI, emphasizing molecular mechanisms. Also, we highlighted the possible translational role of lncRNAs as therapeutic targets for this condition and discussed the potential role of exosomes in delivering the lncRNAs involved in post-MI cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Yaghoobi
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Behnoush
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmohammad Khalaji
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Farzad Masoudkabir
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sara Pahlavan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Searles CD. MicroRNAs and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Curr Cardiol Rep 2024; 26:51-60. [PMID: 38206553 PMCID: PMC10844442 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-02014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW MicroRNAs (miRNAs)-short, non-coding RNAs-play important roles in almost all aspects of cardiovascular biology, and changes in intracellular miRNA expression are indicative of cardiovascular disease development and progression. Extracellular miRNAs, which are easily measured in blood and can be reflective of changes in intracellular miRNA levels, have emerged as potential non-invasive biomarkers for disease. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding miRNAs as biomarkers for assessing cardiovascular disease risk and prognosis. RECENT FINDINGS Numerous studies over the last 10-15 years have identified associations between extracellular miRNA profiles and cardiovascular disease, supporting the potential use of extracellular miRNAs as biomarkers for risk stratification. However, clinical application of extracellular miRNA profiles has been hampered by poor reproducibility and inter-study variability that is due largely to methodological differences between studies. While recent studies indicate that circulating extracellular miRNAs are promising biomarkers for cardiovascular disease, evidence for clinical implementation is lacking. This highlights the need for larger, well-designed studies that use standardized methods for sample preparation, miRNA isolation, quantification, and normalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Searles
- Emory University School of Medicine and Atlanta VA Health Care System, 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA.
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8
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Zhang X, Sun S, Ren G, Liu W, Chen H. Advances in Intercellular Communication Mediated by Exosomal ncRNAs in Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16197. [PMID: 38003385 PMCID: PMC10671547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of worldwide mortality, and exosomes have recently gained attention as key mediators of intercellular communication in these diseases. Exosomes are double-layered lipid vesicles that can carry biomolecules such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, and the content of exosomes is dependent on the cell they originated from. They can be involved in the pathophysiological processes of cardiovascular diseases and hold potential as diagnostic and monitoring tools. Exosomes mediate intercellular communication, stimulate or inhibit the activity of target cells, and affect myocardial hypertrophy, injury and infarction, ventricular remodeling, angiogenesis, and atherosclerosis. Exosomes can be released from various types of cells, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, platelets, adipocytes, immune cells, and stem cells. In this review, we highlight the communication between different cell-derived exosomes and cardiovascular cells, with a focus on the roles of RNAs. This provides new insights for further exploring targeted therapies in the clinical management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Shengjie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Gang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Wujun Liu
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
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9
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Solana‐Balaguer J, Martín‐Flores N, Garcia‐Segura P, Campoy‐Campos G, Pérez‐Sisqués L, Chicote‐González A, Fernández‐Irigoyen J, Santamaría E, Pérez‐Navarro E, Alberch J, Malagelada C. RTP801 mediates transneuronal toxicity in culture via extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12378. [PMID: 37932242 PMCID: PMC10627824 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in intercellular communication, participating in the paracrine trophic support or in the propagation of toxic molecules, including proteins. RTP801 is a stress-regulated protein, whose levels are elevated during neurodegeneration and induce neuron death. However, whether RTP801 toxicity is transferred trans-neuronally via EVs remains unknown. Hence, we overexpressed or silenced RTP801 protein in cultured cortical neurons, isolated their derived EVs (RTP801-EVs or shRTP801-EVs, respectively), and characterized EVs protein content by mass spectrometry (MS). RTP801-EVs toxicity was assessed by treating cultured neurons with these EVs and quantifying apoptotic neuron death and branching. We also tested shRTP801-EVs functionality in the pathologic in vitro model of 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Expression of RTP801 increased the number of EVs released by neurons. Moreover, RTP801 led to a distinct proteomic signature of neuron-derived EVs, containing more pro-apoptotic markers. Hence, we observed that RTP801-induced toxicity was transferred to neurons via EVs, activating apoptosis and impairing neuron morphology complexity. In contrast, shRTP801-EVs were able to increase the arborization in recipient neurons. The 6-OHDA neurotoxin elevated levels of RTP801 in EVs, and 6-OHDA-derived EVs lost the mTOR/Akt signalling activation via Akt and RPS6 downstream effectors. Interestingly, EVs derived from neurons where RTP801 was silenced prior to exposing them to 6-OHDA maintained Akt and RPS6 transactivation in recipient neurons. Taken together, these results suggest that RTP801-induced toxicity is transferred via EVs, and therefore, it could contribute to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, in which RTP801 is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Solana‐Balaguer
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBneuro)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Núria Martín‐Flores
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBneuro)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Pol Garcia‐Segura
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBneuro)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Genís Campoy‐Campos
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBneuro)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Leticia Pérez‐Sisqués
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBneuro)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Almudena Chicote‐González
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBneuro)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)BarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Enrique Santamaría
- Proteored‐ISCIIIProteomics UnitNavarrabiomed, Departamento de SaludUPNAIdiSNAPamplonaSpain
| | - Esther Pérez‐Navarro
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBneuro)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)BarcelonaSpain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Jordi Alberch
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBneuro)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)BarcelonaSpain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Cristina Malagelada
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBneuro)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)BarcelonaSpain
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Lisi V, Senesi G, Balbi C. Converging protective pathways: Exploring the linkage between physical exercise, extracellular vesicles and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:718-727. [PMID: 37739138 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Physical Exercise (EXR) has been shown to have numerous beneficial effects on various systems in the human body. It leads to a decrease in the risk of mortality from chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, metabolic and central nervous system disorders. EXR results in improving cardiovascular fitness, cognitive function, immune activity, endocrine action, and musculoskeletal health. These positive effects make EXR a valuable intervention for promoting overall health and well-being in individuals of all ages. These beneficial effects are partially mediated by the role of the regular EXR in the adaptation to redox homeostasis counteracting the sudden increase of ROS, the hallmark of many chronic diseases. EXR can trigger the release of numerous humoral factors, e.g. protein, microRNA (miRs), and DNA, that can be shuttled as cargo of Extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs show different cargo modification after oxidative stress stimuli as well as after EXR. In this review, we aim to highlight the main studies on the role of EVs released during EXR and oxidative stress conditions in enhancing the antioxidant enzymes pathway and in the decrease of oxidative stress environment mediated by their cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lisi
- Unit of Biology and Genetics of Movement, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Senesi
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Balbi
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Center for Molecular Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Li K, Li R, Zhao Z, Feng C, Liu S, Fu Q. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-296-5p and miR-337-3p in age-related erectile dysfunction via regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115449. [PMID: 37688989 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are viewed as an increasingly promising treatment for age-related erectile dysfunction (AED). Owing to the limitations of injecting living cells, the injection of exosomes appears to be a more plausible option. However, whether MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) improve AED and their potential mechanism remains unknown. MSC-Exos were prepared and injected intracavernously into aged rats to determine their effects on AED. Masson's trichrome staining was used to ascertain the changes in the histological structure of the corpus cavernosum. Then miRNA sequencing of MSC-Exos and analysis of the critical exosomal miRNAs were performed, as well as their target pathway enrichment analysis. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot assay were performed to reveal the functions of MSC-Exos in regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, the effects of MSC-Exos on the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) apoptosis are explored in vitro. The experimental data validate that intracavernous injection of MSC-Exos ameliorated erectile function in AED rats. Masson's trichrome staining shows MSC-Exos therapy restores the histological structure of the corpus cavernosum by improving the ratios of smooth muscle to collagen. The exosomal miR-296-5p and miR-337-3p target and inhibit PTEN, modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, exosomes inhibit the apoptosis of CCSMCs. Our findings suggest that MSC-Exos improve AED by delivering miR-296-5p and miR-337-3p to regulate the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. These results bode well for the therapeutic potential of MSC-Exos for AED treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefan Li
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ruiyu Li
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zongyong Zhao
- Department of Urology, Liaocheng Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Engineering Laboratory of Urinary Organ and Functional Reconstruction of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Engineering Laboratory of Urinary Organ and Functional Reconstruction of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Menjivar NG, Gad A, Thompson RE, Meyers MA, Hollinshead FK, Tesfaye D. Bovine oviductal organoids: a multi-omics approach to capture the cellular and extracellular molecular response of the oviduct to heat stress. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:646. [PMID: 37891479 PMCID: PMC10605953 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09746-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian oviduct is a complex, fibromuscular organ known for its role in orchestrating a series of timely and dynamic changes to suitably support early embryogenesis. Climate change-induced heat stress (HS) is one of the largest single stressors compromising reproductive function in humans and farm animals via systemic changes in the redox status of the maternal environment, adversely affecting fertilization and early embryonic development. Oviductal organoids represent a unique 3-dimensional, biomimetic model to study the physiology of the oviduct and its subsequent impact on embryo development under various environmental conditions. RESULTS Our study is the first to demonstrate an innovative approach to understanding the cascade of molecular changes sustained by bovine oviductal organoids under HS and the subsequent maternal signals harnessed within their secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs). Transcriptomic analysis of oviductal organoids exposed to HS revealed 2,570 differentially expressed genes (1,222 up- and 1,348 downregulated), while EV-coupled miRNome analysis disclosed 18 miRNAs with significant differential expression (12 up- and 6 downregulated) in EVs from thermally stressed organoids compared to EVs released from organoids cultured under thermoneutral conditions. Genes activated in oviductal organoids in response to thermal stress, include: COX1, ACTB, CST6, TPT1, and HSPB1, while miR-1246, miR-148a, miR21-5p, miR-451, and miR-92a represent the top highly abundant EV-coupled miRNAs released in response to HS. Pathway analysis of genes enriched in organoids exposed to thermal stress showed the enrichment of endocrine resistance, cellular senescence, and notch signaling pathways. Similarly, EV-coupled miRNAs released from thermally stressed organoids showed their potential regulation of genes involved in cellular senescence, p53 signaling, and TGF-beta signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the cellular and extracellular response of bovine oviductal organoids to in vitro HS conditions reveal the prospective impact of environmental HS on the physiology of the oviduct and the probable subsequent impacts on oocyte fertilization and early embryo development. Future studies elucidating the potential impact of HS-associated EVs from oviductal organoids on oocyte fertilization and preimplantation embryo development, would justify the use of an organoid model to optimally understand the oviduct-embryo communication under suboptimal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico G Menjivar
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 3107 Rampart Rd, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA
| | - Ahmed Gad
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 3107 Rampart Rd, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Riley E Thompson
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Mindy A Meyers
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Fiona K Hollinshead
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Dawit Tesfaye
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 3107 Rampart Rd, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA.
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Wang J, Liu Q, Zhao Y, Fu J, Su J. Tumor Cells Transmit Drug Resistance via Cisplatin-Induced Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12347. [PMID: 37569723 PMCID: PMC10418773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a first-line clinical agent used for treating solid tumors. Cisplatin damages the DNA of tumor cells and induces the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species to achieve tumor killing. Tumor cells have evolved several ways to tolerate this damage. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an important mode of information transfer in tumor cells. EVs can be substantially activated under cisplatin treatment and mediate different responses of tumor cells under cisplatin treatment depending on their different cargoes. However, the mechanism of action of tumor-cell-derived EVs under cisplatin treatment and their potential cargoes are still unclear. This review considers recent advances in cisplatin-induced release of EVs from tumor cells, with the expectation of providing a new understanding of the mechanisms of cisplatin treatment and drug resistance, as well as strategies for the combined use of cisplatin and other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jing Su
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130012, China; (J.W.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.F.)
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14
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Alatrash R, Golubenko M, Martynova E, Garanina E, Mukhamedshina Y, Khaiboullina S, Rizvanov A, Salafutdinov I, Arkhipova S. Genetically Engineered Artificial Microvesicles Carrying Nerve Growth Factor Restrains the Progression of Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in an Experimental Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098332. [PMID: 37176039 PMCID: PMC10179478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable, progressive chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease. Therapy for MS is based on slowing down the processes of neurodegeneration and suppressing the immune system of patients. MS is accompanied by inflammation, axon-degeneration and neurogliosis in the central nervous system. One of the directions for a new effective treatment for MS is cellular, subcellular, as well as gene therapy. We investigated the therapeutic potential of adipose mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) derived, cytochalasin B induced artificial microvesicles (MVs) expressing nerve growth factor (NGF) on a mouse model of multiple sclerosis experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). These ADMSC-MVs-NGF were tested using histological, immunocytochemical and molecular genetic methods after being injected into the tail vein of animals on the 14th and 21st days post EAE induction. ADMSC-MVs-NGF contained the target protein inside the cytoplasm. Their injection into the caudal vein led to a significant decrease in neurogliosis at the 14th and 21st days post EAE induction. Artificial ADMSC-MVs-NGF stimulate axon regeneration and can modulate gliosis in the EAE model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Alatrash
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Maria Golubenko
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Martynova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Garanina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Yana Mukhamedshina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Svetlana Khaiboullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ilnur Salafutdinov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Svetlana Arkhipova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
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15
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Hill C, Dellar ER, Baena‐Lopez LA. Caspases help to spread the message via extracellular vesicles. FEBS J 2023; 290:1954-1972. [PMID: 35246932 PMCID: PMC10952732 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cell communication is an essential aspect of multicellular life, key for coordinating cell proliferation, growth, and death in response to environmental changes. Whilst caspases are well-known for facilitating apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death, several recent investigations are uncovering new roles for these enzymes in biological scenarios requiring long-range intercellular signalling mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are small membrane-bound nanoparticles released from cells that may carry and deliver cargo between distant cells, thus helping to coordinate their behaviour. Intriguingly, there is emerging evidence indicating a key contribution of caspases in the biogenesis of EVs, the selection of their cargo content, and EV uptake/function in recipient cells. Here, we discuss the latest findings supporting the interplay between caspases and EVs, and the biological relevance of this molecular convergence for cellular signalling, principally in non-apoptotic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Hill
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordUK
| | - Elizabeth R. Dellar
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordUK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordUK
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16
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Mas-Bargues C, Sanz-Ros J, Romero-García N, Huete-Acevedo J, Dromant M, Borrás C. Small extracellular vesicles from senescent stem cells trigger adaptive mechanisms in young stem cells by increasing antioxidant enzyme expression. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102668. [PMID: 36965438 PMCID: PMC10060362 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles' biogenesis, shedding, and uptake are redox-sensitive. Indeed, oxidative stress conditions influence extracellular vesicles' release and content, which can modulate the redox status of the receiving cells. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of extracellular vesicles from human dental pulp stem cells cultured under 21% O2 (senescent stem cells) on human dental pulp stem cells cultured under 3% O2 (young stem cells). Extracellular vesicles were isolated by ultracentrifugation from senescent stem cells and prepared for the treatment of young stem cells at a final concentration of 10 μg/mL. Cells were analyzed for antioxidant gene expression, mitochondrial bioenergetic parameters, ROS production, culture kinetics, and apoptosis. The results show that extracellular vesicles from senescent stem cells induce overexpression of antioxidant genes (MnSOD, CAT, and GPx) in young stem cells, which show an increased non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption, accompanied by reduced maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity without altering mitochondrial membrane potential. This is accompanied by improved cell proliferation, viability, and migration rates and a reduction of apoptosis. In conclusion, extracellular vesicles from senescent stem cells trigger an adaptive response in young stem cells which improves their antioxidant defenses and their proliferation, migration, and survival rates. This suggests that extracellular vesicles can modulate the cells' microenvironment and the balance between proliferation and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mas-Bargues
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, Valencia, 46010, Spain.
| | - Jorge Sanz-Ros
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, Valencia, 46010, Spain; Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Nekane Romero-García
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, Valencia, 46010, Spain; Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Trauma Intensive Care, Hospital Clinic Universitari de Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Javier Huete-Acevedo
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, Valencia, 46010, Spain.
| | - Mar Dromant
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, Valencia, 46010, Spain.
| | - Consuelo Borrás
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, Valencia, 46010, Spain.
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17
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Lara ML, Carvalho MG, de Souza FF, Schmith RA, Codognoto VM, De Vita B, Freitas Dell'Aqua CDP, Landim FDC, Alvarenga MLE. Influence of culture conditions on the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells derived from feline adipose tissue: Proteomics approach. Biochimie 2023; 211:78-86. [PMID: 36931338 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells derived from feline adipose tissue (AD-MSCs) and compare the effects of different culture conditions on AD-MSC proteomics using a shotgun approach. Adipose tissue was collected from 5 female cats and prepared to culture. Conditioned media was collected at third passage, in which the cells were cultured under 4 conditions, normoxia with fetal bovine serum (N + FBS), hypoxia with FBS (H + FBS), normoxia without FBS (N - FBS), and hypoxia without FBS (H - FBS). Then, the secretome was concentrated and prepared for proteomic approaches. Secretomes cultured with FBS-free medium had more than twice identified proteins in comparison with the secretomes cultured with FBS. In contrast, hypoxic conditions did not increase protein amount and affected only a small proteome fraction. Relevant proteins were related to the extracellular matrix promoting environmental modulation, influencing cell signaling pathways, and providing a suitable environment for cell proliferation and maintenance. Moreover, other proteins were also related to cell adhesion, migration and morphogenesis. Culture conditions can influence protein abundance in AD-MSC secretome, and can give also more specificity to cell and cell-free treatments for different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Lara
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Gomides Carvalho
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Ferreira de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rubia Alves Schmith
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviane Maria Codognoto
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna De Vita
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; International Product Marketing Manager - PROCARE HEALTH, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunha, Spain
| | - Camila de Paula Freitas Dell'Aqua
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernada da Cruz Landim
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Landim E Alvarenga
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Omics Animal Biotechnology, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Phospholipid fatty acid remodeling and carbonylated protein increase in extracellular vesicles released by airway epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151285. [PMID: 36584599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) represents one of the most relevant environmental risk factors for several chronic pathologies. Tissue damage caused by CS exposure is mediated, at least in part, by oxidative stress induced by its toxic and pro-oxidant components. Evidence demonstrates that extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by various cell types exposed to CS extract (CSE) are characterized by altered biochemical cargo and gained pathological properties. In the present study, we evaluated the content of oxidized proteins and phospholipid fatty acid profiles of EVs released by human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells treated with CSE. This specific molecular characterization has hitherto not been performed. After confirmation that CSE reduces viability of BEAS-2B cells and elevates intracellular ROS levels, in a dose-dependent manner, we demonstrated that 24 h exposure at 1% CSE, a concentration that only slight modifies cell viability but increases ROS levels, was able to increase carbonylated protein levels in cells and released EVs. The release of oxidatively modified proteins via EVs might represent a mechanism used by cells to remove toxic proteins in order to avoid their intracellular overloading. Moreover, 1% CSE induced only few changes in the fatty acid asset in BEAS-2B cell membrane phospholipids, whereas several rearrangements were observed in EVs released by CSE-treated cells. The impact of changes in acyl chain composition of CSE-EVs accounted for the increased saturation levels of phospholipids, a membrane parameter that might influence EV stability, uptake and, at least in part, EV-mediated biological effects. The present in vitro study adds new information concerning the biochemical composition of CSE-related EVs, useful to predict their biological effects on target cells. Furthermore, the information regarding the presence of oxidized proteins and the specific membrane features of CSE-related EVs can be useful to define the utilization of circulating EVs as marker for diagnosing of CS-induced lung damage and/or CS-related diseases.
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19
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Ortiz Peña N, Cherukula K, Even B, Ji DK, Razafindrakoto S, Peng S, Silva AKA, Ménard-Moyon C, Hillaireau H, Bianco A, Fattal E, Alloyeau D, Gazeau F. Resolution of MoS 2 Nanosheets-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation Driven by Nanoscale Intracellular Transformation and Extracellular-Vesicle Shuttles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209615. [PMID: 36649533 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary exposure to some engineered nanomaterials can cause chronic lesions as a result of unresolved inflammation. Among 2D nanomaterials and graphene, MoS2 has received tremendous attention in optoelectronics and nanomedicine. Here an integrated approach is proposed to follow up the transformation of MoS2 nanosheets at the nanoscale and assesss their impact on lung inflammation status over 1 month after a single inhalation in mice. Analysis of immune cells, alveolar macrophages, extracellular vesicles, and cytokine profiling in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) shows that MoS2 nanosheets induced initiation of lung inflammation. However, the inflammation is rapidly resolved despite the persistence of various biotransformed molybdenum-based nanostructures in the alveolar macrophages and the extracellular vesicles for up to 1 month. Using in situ liquid phase transmission electron microscopy experiments, the dynamics of MoS2 nanosheets transformation triggered by reactive oxygen species could be evidenced. Three main transformation mechanisms are observed directly at the nanoscale level: 1) scrolling of the dispersed sheets leading to the formation of nanoscrolls and folded patches, 2) etching releasing soluble MoO4 - , and 3) oxidation generating oxidized sheet fragments. Extracellular vesicles released in BALF are also identified as a potential shuttle of MoS2 nanostructures and their degradation products and more importantly as mediators of inflammation resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaly Ortiz Peña
- Université Paris Cité, MPQ Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Cedex 13, Paris, France
| | - Kondareddy Cherukula
- Université Paris Cité, MSC Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Even
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Ding-Kun Ji
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sarah Razafindrakoto
- Université Paris Cité, MSC Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Shiyuan Peng
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Amanda K A Silva
- Université Paris Cité, MSC Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Cécilia Ménard-Moyon
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hervé Hillaireau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Elias Fattal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Damien Alloyeau
- Université Paris Cité, MPQ Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Cedex 13, Paris, France
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Université Paris Cité, MSC Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
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Wang Y, Wang S, Li L, Zou Y, Liu B, Fang X. Microfluidics‐based molecular profiling of tumor‐derived exosomes for liquid biopsy. VIEW 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20220048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Stomatological Hospital Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Shurong Wang
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Stomatological Hospital Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Lanting Li
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Stomatological Hospital Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Yan Zou
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Stomatological Hospital Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Baohong Liu
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Stomatological Hospital Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Xiaoni Fang
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Stomatological Hospital Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai China
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21
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Huo D, Su F, Yang H, Sun L. Exosomal microRNAs regulate the heat stress response in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114419. [PMID: 36527848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that contain nucleic acids such as microRNAs and may participate in important biological processes. We made the initial report of exosomes from sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, that were classically cup-shaped and had an average size of 74.65 nm, and identified specific exosome biomarkers (HSP70, TSG101, and CD9). We explored changes in the global expression of microRNAs in exosomes from the commercially important A. japonicus under normal conditions and heat-stressed conditions for 3 and 7 d. We found that heat stress increased exosome production and modified the expression profiles of the microRNAs that they contained. Novel_mir31, novel_mir132, novel_mir26, miR-92_1, and novel_mir27 were commonly found to be differentially expressed in three comparison groups, indicating their importance in the heat stress response. The microRNA expression levels were validated by qPCR. Function analysis of the target genes of these microRNAs indicated they were involved mainly in replication and repair in the initial response of A. japonicus to heat stress exposure. Conversely, during acclimation to the high temperature conditions, the target genes of the differentially expressed microRNAs were primarily involved in metabolism adjustments. Our results will contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory roles of exosomes in sea cucumber, and provide insights into the functions of sea cucumber exosome-shuttled microRNAs against environmental stresses exacerbated by global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Huo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fang Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongsheng Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China; The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lina Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Liu C, Wang M, Yao H, Cui M, Gong X, Wang L, Sui C, Zhang H. Inhibition of oocyte maturation by follicular extracellular vesicles of non-hyperandrogenic PCOS patients requiring IVF. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 108:1394-1404. [PMID: 36527699 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common diseases that contribute to subfertility. Recent evidence showed that oocytes of women with PCOS matured in vitro away from the follicular fluid presented better potentials, whereas the reason remained unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether follicular extracellular vesicles (EVs) of PCOS patients interfere with the quality of oocytes. METHODS Follicular EVs of women with PCOS (PCOS-EVs) and control women (CTRL-EVs) were isolated and determined using western blotting, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The two types of EVs were co-cultured with murine germinal vesicle oocytes, respectively. Fluorescence labeled EVs were used to visualize internalization by oocytes. After co-culture, oocyte maturation rates were calculated. Mitochondria distribution and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were detected in the different groups. Spindle morphology was evaluated using immunofluorescence. Moreover, the expression of catalase (CAT), glutathione synthetase (GSS), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was determined in the oocytes. RESULTS Both PCOS-EVs and CTRL-EVs are bilayered vesicles, approximately 100-150 nm in size, and enriched in EV-associating protein markers. EVs were internalized by oocytes within one hour. Oocyte maturation rate decreased significantly in the PCOS-EV group compared with the CTRL-EV group; whereas the abnormal mitochondria distribution rate and abnormal spindle rate were significantly increased in the PCOS-EV group. Moreover, PCOS-EVs increased the ROS level and the expression of CAT, GSS, and SOD in the oocytes. CONCLUSIONS PCOS-EVs interfered with oocyte mitochondria and spindles and inhibited oocyte maturation. Moreover, oxidative stress induced by PCOS-EVs might be a potential cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Meng Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Haixia Yao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Shangrao People's Hospital, Shangrao, China
| | - Mengge Cui
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Xueqi Gong
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Lan Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Cong Sui
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Hanwang Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Vujić T, Schvartz D, Furlani IL, Meister I, González-Ruiz V, Rudaz S, Sanchez JC. Oxidative Stress and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling Are Signature Pathways of Extracellular Vesicles Released upon Morphine Exposure on Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233926. [PMID: 36497184 PMCID: PMC9741159 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphine, a commonly used antinociceptive drug in hospitals, is known to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by first passing through brain endothelial cells. Despite its pain-relieving effect, morphine also has detrimental effects, such as the potential induction of redox imbalance in the brain. However, there is still insufficient evidence of these effects on the brain, particularly on the brain endothelial cells and the extracellular vesicles that they naturally release. Indeed, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized bioparticles produced by almost all cell types and are currently thought to reflect the physiological state of their parent cells. These vesicles have emerged as a promising source of biomarkers by indicating the functional or dysfunctional state of their parent cells and, thus, allowing a better understanding of the biological processes involved in an adverse state. However, there is very little information on the morphine effect on human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs), and even less on their released EVs. Therefore, the current study aimed at unraveling the detrimental mechanisms of morphine exposure (at 1, 10, 25, 50 and 100 µM) for 24 h on human brain microvascular endothelial cells as well as on their associated EVs. Isolation of EVs was carried out using an affinity-based method. Several orthogonal techniques (NTA, western blotting and proteomics analysis) were used to validate the EVs enrichment, quality and concentration. Data-independent mass spectrometry (DIA-MS)-based proteomics was applied in order to analyze the proteome modulations induced by morphine on HBMECs and EVs. We were able to quantify almost 5500 proteins in HBMECs and 1500 proteins in EVs, of which 256 and 148, respectively, were found to be differentially expressed in at least one condition. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the "cell adhesion and extracellular matrix remodeling" process and the "HIF1 pathway", a pathway related to oxidative stress responses, were significantly modulated upon morphine exposure in HBMECs and EVs. Altogether, the combination of proteomics and bioinformatics findings highlighted shared pathways between HBMECs exposed to morphine and their released EVs. These results put forward molecular signatures of morphine-induced toxicity in HBMECs that were also carried by EVs. Therefore, EVs could potentially be regarded as a useful tool to investigate brain endothelial cells dysfunction, and to a different extent, the BBB dysfunction in patient circulation using these "signature pathways".
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Vujić
- Department of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Izadora Liranço Furlani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-904, Brazil
| | - Isabel Meister
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, 4055 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Víctor González-Ruiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, 4055 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serge Rudaz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, 4055 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Charles Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-22-379-54-86
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Li Y, Zhao W, Fu R, Ma Z, Hu Y, Liu Y, Ding Z. Endoplasmic reticulum stress increases exosome biogenesis and packaging relevant to sperm maturation in response to oxidative stress in obese mice. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:161. [PMID: 36411474 PMCID: PMC9677646 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-01031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian sperm maturation in the epididymis is mainly modulated by exosomes that are secreted into the epididymal lumen from epididymal epithelial cells (EECs). Exposure to oxidative stress (OS) resulting from being fed a high fat diet (HFD) reduces sperm fertility, which is one of the cause inducing male infertility. Thus, we hypothesize that stress-induced changes in exosome content play a critical role in mediating this detrimental process. METHODS: An obese mouse model was established by feeding a HFD. Then oxidative stress status was measured in the mouse caput epididymis, epididymal fluid and spermatozoa. Meanwhile, epididymis-derived purified exosomes were isolated and validated. Subsequently, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to perform proteomic analysis of purified exosomes. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was performed along with pathway enrichment to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). RESULTS Two hundred and two DEPs mostly related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function were identified in the exosomes separated from the epididymis of control mice and obese mice. The ER stress and CD63 (an exosome marker), both increased in the caput epididymis of obese mice. Furthermore, an in vitro study showed that palmitic acid (PA), an-oxidative stress inducer, increased exosome biogenesis and secretion in the EECs. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress in the epididymal microenvironment induces ER stress in the EECs. This effect alters the epididymis-derived exosome content, profile and amounts of their differentially expressed ER proteins. Such changes may affect exosome biogenesis and cargo packaging, finally leading to abnormalities in sperm maturation and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Dali University, 671000, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Core Facility of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoyao Ma
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqin Hu
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhide Ding
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.280, Chongqing Road (South), 200025, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Ambrożej D, Stelmaszczyk-Emmel A, Czystowska-Kuźmicz M, Feleszko W. "Liquid biopsy" - extracellular vesicles as potential novel players towards precision medicine in asthma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1025348. [PMID: 36466836 PMCID: PMC9714548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1025348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as vital mediators in intracellular communication in the lung microenvironment. Environmental exposure to various triggers (e.g., viruses, allergens) stimulates the EV-mediated cascade of pro-inflammatory responses that play a key role in the asthma pathomechanism. This complex EV-mediated crosstalk in the asthmatic lung microenvironment occurs between different cell types, including airway epithelial cells and immune cells. The cargo composition of EVs mirrors hereby the type and activation status of the parent cell. Therefore, EVs collected in a noninvasive way (e.g., in nasal lavage, serum) could inform on the disease status as a "liquid biopsy", which is particularly important in the pediatric population. As a heterogeneous disease, asthma with its distinct endotypes and phenotypes requires more investigation to develop novel diagnostics and personalized case management. Filling these knowledge gaps may be facilitated by further EV research. Here, we summarize the contribution of EVs in the lung microenvironment as potential novel players towards precision medicine in the development of asthma. Although rapidly evolving, the EV field is still in its infancy. However, it is expected that a better understanding of the role of EVs in the asthma pathomechanism will open up new horizons for precision medicine diagnostic and therapeutic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Ambrożej
- Department of Pediatric Pneumonology and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Feleszko
- Department of Pediatric Pneumonology and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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26
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Catitti G, De Bellis D, Vespa S, Simeone P, Canonico B, Lanuti P. Extracellular Vesicles as Players in the Anti-Inflammatory Inter-Cellular Crosstalk Induced by Exercise Training. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14098. [PMID: 36430575 PMCID: PMC9697937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are circulating particles surrounded by a plasma membrane carrying a cargo consisting of proteins, lipids, RNAs, and DNA fragments, stemming from the cells from which they originated. EV factors (i.e., miRNAs) play relevant roles in intercellular crosstalk, both locally and systemically. As EVs increasingly gained attention as potential carriers for targeted genes, the study of EV effects on the host immune response became more relevant. It has been demonstrated that EVs regulate the host immune response, executing both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions. It is also known that physical exercise triggers anti-inflammatory effects. This review underlines the role of circulating EVs as players in the anti-inflammatory events associated with the regulation of the host's immune response to physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Catitti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.); (D.D.B.); (S.V.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Domenico De Bellis
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.); (D.D.B.); (S.V.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Vespa
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.); (D.D.B.); (S.V.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Pasquale Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.); (D.D.B.); (S.V.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Barbara Canonico
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.); (D.D.B.); (S.V.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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27
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Xie D, Qian B, Li X. Nucleic acids and proteins carried by exosomes from various sources: Potential role in liver diseases. Front Physiol 2022; 13:957036. [PMID: 36213232 PMCID: PMC9538374 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.957036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular membrane-encapsulated vesicles that are released into the extracellular space or biological fluids by many cell types through exocytosis. As a newly identified form of intercellular signal communication, exosomes mediate various pathological and physiological processes by exchanging various active substances between cells. The incidence and mortality of liver diseases is increasing worldwide. Therefore, we reviewed recent studies evaluating the role of exosomes from various sources in the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna Xie
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Baolin Qian
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xun Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xun Li,
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28
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Saquel C, Catalan RJ, Lopez-Leal R, Ramirez RA, Necuñir D, Wyneken U, Lamaze C, Court FA. Neuronal activity-dependent ATP enhances the pro-growth effect of repair Schwann cell extracellular vesicles by increasing their miRNA-21 loading. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:943506. [PMID: 36212694 PMCID: PMC9537768 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.943506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional recovery after peripheral nerve injuries is critically dependent on axonal regeneration. Several autonomous and non-cell autonomous processes regulate axonal regeneration, including the activation of a growth-associated transcriptional program in neurons and the reprogramming of differentiated Schwann cells (dSCs) into repair SCs (rSCs), triggering the secretion of neurotrophic factors and the activation of an inflammatory response. Repair Schwann cells also release pro-regenerative extracellular vesicles (EVs), but is still unknown whether EV secretion is regulated non-cell autonomously by the regenerating neuron. Interestingly, it has been described that nerve activity enhances axonal regeneration by increasing the secretion of neurotrophic factors by rSC, but whether this activity modulates pro-regenerative EV secretion by rSC has not yet been explored. Here, we demonstrate that neuronal activity enhances the release of rSC-derived EVs and their transfer to neurons. This effect is mediated by activation of P2Y receptors in SCs after activity-dependent ATP release from sensory neurons. Importantly, activation of P2Y in rSCs also increases the amount of miRNA-21 present in rSC-EVs. Taken together, our results demonstrate that neuron to glia communication by ATP-P2Y signaling regulates the content of SC-derived EVs and their transfer to axons, modulating axonal elongation in a non-cell autonomous manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Saquel
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U1143, CNRS UMR 3666, Membrane Mechanics and Dynamics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Romina J. Catalan
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Lopez-Leal
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramon A. Ramirez
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Necuñir
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ursula Wyneken
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U1143, CNRS UMR 3666, Membrane Mechanics and Dynamics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Felipe A. Court
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Felipe A. Court
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29
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Propagation of Parkinson's disease by extracellular vesicle production and secretion. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:1303-1314. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20220204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative condition affecting a significant number of individuals globally, resulting in the presentation of debilitating motor and non-motor symptoms, including bradykinesia, resting tremor, as well as mood and sleep disorders. The pathology of PD has been observed to spread through the central nervous system resulting in progressive brain degeneration and a poor prognosis. Aggregated forms of the protein α-synuclein, particularly intermediary aggregates, referred to as oligomers, or preformed fibrils, have been implicated as the causative agent in the degeneration of neuronal processes, including the dysfunction of axonal transport, mitochondrial activity, and ultimately cellular death. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been strongly implicated in the propagation of PD pathology. Current observations suggest that aggregated α-synuclein is transported between neurons via small EVs in a series of exocytosis and endocytosis cellular processes leading to the observed spread of neurotoxicity and cellular death. Despite some understanding of the role of EVs in neurodegeneration, the exact mechanism by which these lipidic particles participate in the progression of Parkinson's pathology is not entirely understood. Here we review the current understanding of the role of EVs in the propagation of PD and explore their potential as a therapeutic target.
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30
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Luo Y, Li Z, Wang X, Wang J, Duan X, Li R, Peng Y, Ye Q, He Y. Characteristics of culture-condition stimulated exosomes or their loaded hydrogels in comparison with other extracellular vesicles or MSC lysates. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1016833. [PMID: 36185445 PMCID: PMC9523448 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1016833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, it has become popular to study the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by stem cells to repair damaged tissues or lost cells. Various cell types and physiological fluids release EVs, and they play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. Moreover, EVs have been implicated in important processes, such as immune responses, homeostasis maintenance, coagulation, inflammation, cancer progression, angiogenesis, and antigen presentation. Thus, EVs participate in both physiological and pathological progression. The main classes of EVs include exosomes, microvesicles (MVs), and apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs). Exosomes, which carry a mass of signal molecules such as RNA, DNA, proteins, and lipids, are the most important of these EVs subsets. Currently, exosomes are generating substantial interest in the scientific community. Exosomes loaded hydrogels or under different cultural environments exhibit different properties and functions. Therefore, the exosomes obtained from different sources and conditions are worth reviewing. More importantly, no review article has compared the different EVs, such as exosomes, MVs, ApoBDs, and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) lysates, which are special soluble substances. The differentiation between EVs and MSC lysates is a logical approach. Accordingly, this review provides an update on the latest progress in studying the roles of culture-condition stimulated exosomes or their loaded hydrogels and the differentiation between exosomes, MVs, ApoBDs, and MSC lysates. Published studies were retrieved from the PubMed® database for review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingxiang Duan
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruohan Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Youjian Peng
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Qingsong Ye, ; Yan He,
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qingsong Ye, ; Yan He,
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31
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Crosstalk between Oxidative Stress and Exosomes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3553617. [PMID: 36082080 PMCID: PMC9448575 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3553617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mammals have several organs comprising various cells with different functions. Furthermore, eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into functionally distinct organelles. Thus, for good organismal health, exosomes, which play an important role in cell-to-cell communication, interact closely with oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, which is recognized as a type of intracellular second signal, is aggravated by reactive species. As a subtype of reactive species, reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be produced on the extracellular face of the plasma membrane by NADPH oxidases, via the mitochondrial electron transport chain, in peroxisomes, and in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. The scavenging of ROS is mainly dependent on peroxiredoxins, including GSH peroxidases, peroxiredoxins 3 and 5, and thioredoxin reductase. Intracellular ROS increase the number of intracellular multivesicular bodies (MVBs) by restraining their degradation in lysosomes, thereby enhancing the release of exosomes under the synergy of the depletion of exofacial GSH, which can be regulated by oxidative stress. In contrast, higher ROS levels can decrease the yield of exosomes by activating cellular autophagy to degrade MVBs. Moreover, exosomes can transfer the characteristics of parent cells to recipient cells. Here, we review the interaction between oxidative stress and exosomes in the hope of providing insights into their interplay.
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32
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Chen G, Chen H, Zeng X, Zhu W. Stem cell-derived exosomal transcriptomes for wound healing. Front Surg 2022; 9:933781. [PMID: 36034367 PMCID: PMC9417542 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.933781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and integrated process of the interaction of various components within the injured tissue. Accumulating evidence suggested that stem cell-derived exosomal transcriptomes could serve as key regulatory molecules in wound healing in stem cell therapy. Stem cell-derived exosomal transcriptomes mainly consist of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs). In this article we presented a brief introduction on the wound repair process and exosomal transcriptomes. Meanwhile, we summarized our current knowledge of the involvement of exosomal transcriptomes in physiological and pathological wound repair process including inflammation, angiogenesis, and scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiling Chen
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- National Institute of Stem Cell Clinical Research, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hankun Chen
- Research and Development Department, Guangzhou Qinglan Biotechnology Company Limited, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zeng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- National Institute of Stem Cell Clinical Research, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Correspondence: Xiang Zeng Wei Zhu
| | - Wei Zhu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Correspondence: Xiang Zeng Wei Zhu
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Schiano C, Balbi C, Burrello J, Ruocco A, Infante T, Fiorito C, Panella S, Barile L, Mauro C, Vassalli G, Napoli C. De novo DNA methylation induced by circulating extracellular vesicles from acute coronary syndrome patients. Atherosclerosis 2022; 354:41-52. [PMID: 35830762 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS DNA methylation is associated with gene silencing, but its clinical role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains to be elucidated. We hypothesized that extracellular vesicles (EVs) may carry epigenetic changes, showing themselves as a potentially valuable non-invasive diagnostic liquid biopsy. We isolated and characterized circulating EVs of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients and assessed their role on DNA methylation in epigenetic modifications. METHODS EVs were recovered from plasma of 19 ACS patients and 50 healthy subjects (HS). Flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and Western blot (WB) were performed to evaluate both intra-vesicular and intra-cellular signals. ShinyGO, PANTHER, and STRING tools were used to perform GO and PPI network analyses. RESULTS ACS-derived EVs showed increased levels of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) (p<0.001) and Ten-eleven translocation (TET) genes reduction. Specifically, de novo methylation transcripts, as DNMT3A and DNMT3B, were significantly increased in plasma ACS-EVs. DNA methylation analysis on PBMCs from healthy donors treated with HS- and ACS-derived EVs showed an important role of DNMTs carried by EVs. PPI network analysis evidenced that ACS-EVs induced changes in PBMC methylome. In the most enriched subnetwork, the hub gene SRC was connected to NOTCH1, FOXO3, CDC42, IKBKG, RXRA, DGKG, BAIAP2 genes that were showed to have many molecular effects on various cell types into onset of several CVDs. Modulation in gene expression after ACS-EVs treatment was confirmed for SRC, NOTCH1, FOXO3, RXRA, DGKG and BAIAP2 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our data showed an important role for ACS-derived EVs in gene expression modulation through de novo DNA methylation signals, and modulating signalling pathways in target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Schiano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy; Cellular and Molecular Cardiology lab Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino-EOC, Lugano, Switzerland; Laboratories for Translation Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
| | - Carolina Balbi
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology lab Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino-EOC, Lugano, Switzerland; Laboratories for Translation Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Center for Molecular Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacopo Burrello
- Laboratories for Translation Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino-EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Ruocco
- Unit of Cardiovascular Diseases and Arrhythmias, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Infante
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Panella
- Laboratories for Translation Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino-EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Lucio Barile
- Laboratories for Translation Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino-EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Ciro Mauro
- Unit of Cardiovascular Diseases and Arrhythmias, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vassalli
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology lab Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino-EOC, Lugano, Switzerland; Laboratories for Translation Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Center for Molecular Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy; Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology (SIMT), Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology (LIT), Azienda Universitaria Policlinico (AOU), Naples, Italy
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Liu XX, Wang MJ, Kan QN, Li C, Xiao Z, Jiang YH, Li W, Li X, Jiang ZY. Kukoamine A Improves Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia by Regulating miR-222-3p/Superoxide Dismutase 2. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2064013. [PMID: 35774277 PMCID: PMC9239828 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2064013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) represents a common respiratory disease in children patients. Kukoamine A (KuA) is a spermine alkaloid found in the Chinese herb Cortex Lycii radices, which has a variety of pharmacological properties. However, no study has been reported on the role of KuA in MPP. Exosomes, a type of lipid bilayer-enclosed extracellular vesicles, can be delivered to the target cells, where they regulate function and physiology. With the use of human alveolar basal epithelial cells (HABECs) as an in vitro model, in this study, we sought to characterize the changes in levels of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-α in HABECs in response to exosomes, which were isolated from peripheral blood serum of MPP patients. We found that, compared to normal, MPP patients exhibited a significant up-regulated miR-222-3p. Further, exosomal miR-222-3p downregulated SOD2 activity but promoted nuclear NF-κB activity and expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in HABECs, ultimately leading to an oxidative stress condition. Interestingly, such stimulating effects were attenuated by the pretreatment of KuA. This study suggests a critical role possessed by KuA in MPP by regulating the miR-222-3p/SOD2 axis, which represents a promising strategy for the treatment of MPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Xiu Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ming-Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qian-Na Kan
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cui Li
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yong-Hong Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Yan Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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Psaraki A, Ntari L, Karakostas C, Korrou-Karava D, Roubelakis MG. Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: The regenerative impact in liver diseases. Hepatology 2022; 75:1590-1603. [PMID: 34449901 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver dysfunctions are classified into acute and chronic diseases, which comprise a heterogeneous group of pathological features and a high mortality rate. Liver transplantation remains the gold-standard therapy for most liver diseases, with concomitant limitations related to donor organ shortage and lifelong immunosuppressive therapy. A concept in liver therapy intends to overcome these limitations based on the secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs; microvesicles and exosomes) by mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). A significant number of studies have shown that factors released by MSCs could induce liver repair and ameliorate systemic inflammation through paracrine effects. It is well known that this paracrine action is based not only on the secretion of cytokines and growth factors but also on EVs, which regulate pathways associated with inflammation, hepatic fibrosis, integrin-linked protein kinase signaling, and apoptosis. Herein, we extensively discuss the differential effects of MSC-EVs on different liver diseases and on cellular and animal models and address the complex molecular mechanisms involved in the therapeutic potential of EVs. In addition, we cover the crucial information regarding the type of molecules contained in MSC-EVs that can be effective in the context of liver diseases. In conclusion, outcomes on MSC-EV-mediated therapy are expected to lead to an innovative, cell-free, noninvasive, less immunogenic, and nontoxic alternative strategy for liver treatment and to provide important mechanistic information on the reparative function of liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Psaraki
- Laboratory of BiologyMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Lydia Ntari
- Laboratory of BiologyMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Christos Karakostas
- Laboratory of BiologyMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Despoina Korrou-Karava
- Laboratory of BiologyMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Maria G Roubelakis
- Laboratory of BiologyMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
- Centre of Basic ResearchBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of AthensAthensGreece
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Bub A, Brenna S, Alawi M, Kügler P, Gui Y, Kretz O, Altmeppen H, Magnus T, Puig B. Multiplexed mRNA analysis of brain-derived extracellular vesicles upon experimental stroke in mice reveals increased mRNA content with potential relevance to inflammation and recovery processes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:329. [PMID: 35639208 PMCID: PMC9156510 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed structures that represent newly discovered means for cell-to-cell communication as well as promising disease biomarkers and therapeutic tools. Apart from proteins, lipids, and metabolites, EVs can deliver genetic information such as mRNA, eliciting a response in the recipient cells. In the present study, we have analyzed the mRNA content of brain-derived EVs (BDEVs) isolated 72 h after experimental stroke in mice and compared them to controls (shams) using nCounter® Nanostring panels, with or without prior RNA isolation. We found that both panels show similar results when comparing upregulated mRNAs in stroke. Notably, the highest upregulated mRNAs were related to processes of stress and immune system responses, but also to anatomical structure development, cell differentiation, and extracellular matrix organization, thus indicating that regenerative mechanisms already take place at this time-point. The five top overrepresented mRNAs in stroke mice were confirmed by RT-qPCR and, interestingly, found to be full-length. We could reveal that the majority of the mRNA cargo in BDEVs was of microglial origin and predominantly present in small BDEVs (≤ 200 nm in diameter). However, the EV population with the highest increase in the total BDEVs pool at 72 h after stroke was of oligodendrocytic origin. Our study shows that nCounter® panels are a good tool to study mRNA content in tissue-derived EVs as they can be carried out even without previous mRNA isolation, and that the mRNA cargo of BDEVs indicates a possible participation in inflammatory but also recovery processes after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Bub
- Neurology Department, Experimental Research in Stroke and Inflammation (ERSI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Santra Brenna
- Neurology Department, Experimental Research in Stroke and Inflammation (ERSI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malik Alawi
- Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paul Kügler
- Neurology Department, Experimental Research in Stroke and Inflammation (ERSI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yuqi Gui
- Neurology Department, Experimental Research in Stroke and Inflammation (ERSI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Kretz
- III Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Altmeppen
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Magnus
- Neurology Department, Experimental Research in Stroke and Inflammation (ERSI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Berta Puig
- Neurology Department, Experimental Research in Stroke and Inflammation (ERSI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Van den Broek B, Wuyts C, Sisto A, Pintelon I, Timmermans JP, Somers V, Timmerman V, Hellings N, Irobi J. Oligodendroglia-derived extracellular vesicles activate autophagy via LC3B/BAG3 to protect against oxidative stress with an enhanced effect for HSPB8 enriched vesicles. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:58. [PMID: 35513867 PMCID: PMC9069805 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00863-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The contribution of native or modified oligodendroglia-derived extracellular vesicles (OL-EVs) in controlling chronic inflammation is poorly understood. In activated microglia, OL-EVs contribute to the removal of cytotoxic proteins following a proteotoxic stress. Intracellular small heat shock protein B8 (HSPB8) sustain this function by facilitating autophagy and protecting cells against oxidative stress mediated cell death. Therefore, secretion of HSPB8 in OL-EVs could be beneficial for neurons during chronic inflammation. However, how secreted HSPB8 contribute to cellular proteostasis remains to be elucidated. Methods We produced oligodendroglia-derived EVs, either native (OL-EVs) or HSPB8 modified (OL-HSPB8-EVs), to investigate their effects in controlling chronic inflammation and cellular homeostasis. We analyzed the impact of both EV subsets on either a resting or activated microglial cell line and on primary mixed neural cell culture cells. Cells were activated by stimulating with either tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 1-beta or with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate. Results We show that OL-EVs and modified OL-HSPB8-EVs are internalized by C20 microglia and by primary mixed neural cells. The cellular uptake of OL-HSPB8-EVs increases the endogenous HSPB8 mRNA expression. Consistently, our results revealed that both EV subsets maintained cellular homeostasis during chronic inflammation with an increase in the formation of autophagic vesicles. Both EV subsets conveyed LC3B-II and BAG3 autophagy markers with an enhanced effect observed for OL-HSPB8-EVs. Moreover, stimulation with either native or modified OL-HSPB8-EVs showed a significant reduction in ubiquitinated protein, reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial depolarization, with OL-HSPB8-EVs exhibiting a more protective effect. Both EV subsets did not induce cell death in the C20 microglia cell line or the primary mixed neural cultures. Conclusion We demonstrate that the functions of oligodendroglia secreted EVs enriched with HSPB8 have a supportive role, comparable to the native OL-EVs. Further development of engineered oligodendroglia derived EVs could be a novel therapeutic strategy in countering chronic inflammation. Video Abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-022-00863-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Van den Broek
- Department of Immunology and Infections, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Wuyts
- Department of Immunology and Infections, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Angela Sisto
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge and University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Isabel Pintelon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology & Histology, Antwerp Centre for Advanced Microscopy (ACAM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology & Histology, Antwerp Centre for Advanced Microscopy (ACAM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Veerle Somers
- Department of Immunology and Infections, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge and University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Niels Hellings
- Department of Immunology and Infections, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Joy Irobi
- Department of Immunology and Infections, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
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Dellar ER, Hill C, Melling GE, Carter DR, Baena‐Lopez LA. Unpacking extracellular vesicles: RNA cargo loading and function. JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 1:e40. [PMID: 38939528 PMCID: PMC11080855 DOI: 10.1002/jex2.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of membrane-enclosed structures produced by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. EVs carry a range of biological cargoes, including RNA, protein, and lipids, which may have both metabolic significance and signalling potential. EV release has been suggested to play a critical role in maintaining intracellular homeostasis by eliminating unnecessary biological material from EV producing cells, and as a delivery system to enable cellular communication between both neighbouring and distant cells without physical contact. In this review, we give an overview of what is known about the relative enrichment of the different types of RNA that have been associated with EVs in the most recent research efforts. We then examine the selective and non-selective incorporation of these different RNA biotypes into EVs, the molecular systems of RNA sorting into EVs that have been elucidated so far, and the role of this process in EV-producing cells. Finally, we also discuss the model systems providing evidence for EV-mediated delivery of RNA to recipient cells, and the implications of this evidence for the relevance of this RNA delivery process in both physiological and pathological scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R. Dellar
- Department of Biological and Medical SciencesOxford Brookes UniversityGipsy LaneOxfordUK
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordUK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesJohn Radcliffe HospitalUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Claire Hill
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordUK
| | - Genevieve E. Melling
- Department of Biological and Medical SciencesOxford Brookes UniversityGipsy LaneOxfordUK
- Institute of Clinical SciencesSchool of Biomedical SciencesCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK
| | - David R.F Carter
- Department of Biological and Medical SciencesOxford Brookes UniversityGipsy LaneOxfordUK
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Wang W, Jo H, Park S, Kim H, Kim SI, Han Y, Lee J, Seol A, Kim J, Lee M, Lee C, Dhanasekaran DN, Ahn T, Song YS. Integrated analysis of ascites and plasma extracellular vesicles identifies a miRNA-based diagnostic signature in ovarian cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 542:215735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Kosanović M, Milutinovic B, Glamočlija S, Morlans IM, Ortiz A, Bozic M. Extracellular Vesicles and Acute Kidney Injury: Potential Therapeutic Avenue for Renal Repair and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073792. [PMID: 35409151 PMCID: PMC8998560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden decline of renal function and represents a global clinical problem due to an elevated morbidity and mortality. Despite many efforts, currently there are no treatments to halt this devastating condition. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles secreted by various cell types in both physiological and pathological conditions. EVs can arise from distinct parts of the kidney and can mediate intercellular communication between various cell types along the nephron. Besides their potential as diagnostic tools, EVs have been proposed as powerful new tools for regenerative medicine and have been broadly studied as therapeutic mediators in different models of experimental AKI. In this review, we present an overview of the basic features and biological relevance of EVs, with an emphasis on their functional role in cell-to-cell communication in the kidney. We explore versatile roles of EVs in crucial pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to AKI and give a detailed description of the renoprotective effects of EVs from different origins in AKI. Finally, we explain known mechanisms of action of EVs in AKI and provide an outlook on the potential clinical translation of EVs in the setting of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Kosanović
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Bojana Milutinovic
- Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Sofija Glamočlija
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Ingrid Mena Morlans
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), 25196 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Milica Bozic
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), 25196 Lleida, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Yu D, Yang J, Wang L, Chen M, Yang R, Zheng J. Engineering a dual-responsive, exosome-surface anchored DNA nanosensor for microenvironment monitoring in vivo. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3661-3664. [PMID: 35224597 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc07070c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We propose an azoreductase and pH dual-responsive amphiphilic pyramidal tetrahedral DNA probe to construct a circulating exosome-surface anchored nanosensor for microenvironment monitoring in vivo. Based on the shuttle behavior, biocompatibility of the exosomes, and easy synthesis and modification of nucleic acids, both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that this nanosensor has excellent performance for activatable O2 and pH imaging, and thus can distinguish disease areas from normal tissue areas. We expect it to be a useful tool for obtaining early abnormal fluctuations in the microenvironment, which is of great significance for the early detection of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Jinfeng Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Mingjian Chen
- Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
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Li Y, Huang L, Chen Y, Shi Y, Ze Y, Yao Y. Irradiated cell-derived exosomes transmit essential molecules inducing radiotherapy resistance. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022; 113:192-202. [PMID: 35217095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Radio-resistance has always been a major obstacle in radiation therapy (RT) progress. Radiotherapy (RT) leads to changes in the contents of released exosomes. The researches have shown that irradiated cell-derived exosomes influence recipient cell proliferation, migration, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. All evidence indicates that exosomes play a significant role in radio-resistance. In this review, we describe the potential role of exosomes in cancer. We summarize that the irradiated cell-derived exosomes influence radio-resistance in recipient cells by three main mechanisms: 1) enhancing DNA repair, 2) regulating cell death signalling pathways, 3) inducing cancer cells to exhibit stem cell properties. We also discuss that the origin of the phenomenon might be the changes of molecular mechanisms of irradiated cell-derived exosomes formation affected by RT. Further, targeting exosomes as an adjuvant therapy might be a promising way for cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanchi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yixin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiting Ze
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Parekh M, Rhys H, Ramos T, Ferrari S, Ahmad S. Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Human Corneal Endothelial Cells Inhibit Proliferation of Human Corneal Endothelial Cells. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:753555. [PMID: 35186961 PMCID: PMC8854366 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.753555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal endothelial cells (CEnCs) are a monolayer of hexagonal cells that are responsible for maintaining the function and transparency of the cornea. Damage or dysfunction of CEnCs could lead to blindness. Human CEnCs (HCEnCs) have shown limited proliferative capacity in vivo hence, their maintenance is crucial. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are responsible for inter- and intra-cellular communication, proliferation, cell-differentiation, migration, and many other complex biological processes. Therefore, we investigated the effect of EVs (derived from human corneal endothelial cell line–HCEC-12) on corneal endothelial cells. HCEC-12 cells were starved with serum-depleted media for 72 h. The media was ultracentrifuged at 100,000xg to isolate the EVs. EV counting, characterization, internalization and localization were performed using NanoSight, flow cytometry, Dil labeling and confocal microscopy respectively. HCEC-12 and HCEnCs were cultured with media supplemented with EVs. Extracted EVs showed a homogeneous mixture of exosomes and microvesicles. Cells with EVs decreased the proliferation rate; increased apoptosis and cell size; showed poor wound healing response in vitro and on ex vivo human, porcine, and rabbit CECs. Thirteen miRNAs were found in the EV sample using next generation sequencing. We observed that increased cellular uptake of EVs by CECs limit the proliferative capacity of HCEnCs. These preliminary data may help in understanding the pathology of corneal endothelial dysfunction and provide further insights in the development of future therapeutic treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Parekh
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hefin Rhys
- Flow Cytometry Science Technology Platform, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tiago Ramos
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- International Center for Ocular Physiopathology, Fondazione Banca Degli Occhi del Veneto, Venice, Italy
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Cornea and External Eye Disease, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Sajjad Ahmad
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Huang Y, Liu Q, Liu L, Huo F, Guo S, Tian W. Lipopolysaccharide-Preconditioned Dental Follicle Stem Cells Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Treating Periodontitis via Reactive Oxygen Species/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling-Mediated Antioxidant Effect. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:799-819. [PMID: 35228798 PMCID: PMC8882029 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s350869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pretreatment can enhance the therapeutic effect of dental follicle stem cells-derived small extracellular vesicles (DFC-sEV) for periodontitis, and this study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms and clinical application Of LPS-preconditioned DFC-sEV in periodontitis. Methods The protein spectrum of DFC-sEV before and after LPS pretreatment was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and bioinformatic analysis. Their effects on inflammatory periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and macrophages were investigated for cell proliferation, migration, type 2 macrophage (M2) polarization, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels separately. In addition, the regulation of ROS/Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK) and ROS/extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) signaling by LPS-preconditioned DFC-sEV was also studied to reveal the antioxidant mechanism. In vivo, two kinds of DFC-sEV loaded with 0.2% hyaluronic acid (HA) gel were applied for canine periodontitis to evaluate the therapeutic potential. Results The proteomic analysis showed that thirty-eight proteins were differentially expressed in LPS-preconditioned DFC-sEV, and interestingly, the highly expressed proteins were mainly involved in antioxidant and enzyme-regulating activities. In addition to promoting PDLSCs and macrophage proliferation, LPS-preconditioned DFC-sEV inhibited intracellular ROS as an antioxidant. It reduced the RANKL/OPG ratio of PDLSCs by inhibiting ROS/JNK signaling under inflammatory conditions and promoted macrophages to polarize toward the M2 phenotype via ROS/ERK signaling. Furthermore, LPS-preconditioned DFC-sEV loaded with the HA injectable system could sustainably release sEV and enhance the therapeutic efficacy for periodontitis in canines. Conclusion LPS-preconditioned DFC-sEV could be effectively used as an auxiliary method for periodontitis treatment via antioxidant effects in a subgingival environment, and loading it with HA is feasible and effective for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shujuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shujuan Guo; Weidong Tian, Tel/Fax +86 028 8550 3499, Email ;
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
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Li X, Wang S, Mu W, Barry J, Han A, Carpenter RL, Jiang BH, Peiper SC, Mahoney MG, Aplin AE, Ren H, He J. Reactive oxygen species reprogram macrophages to suppress antitumor immune response through the exosomal miR-155-5p/PD-L1 pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:41. [PMID: 35086548 PMCID: PMC8793215 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer cells have an imbalance in oxidation-reduction (redox) homeostasis. Understanding the precise mechanisms and the impact of the altered redox microenvironment on the immunologic reaction to tumors is limited. Methods We isolated exosomes from ovarian cancer cells through ultracentrifuge and characterized by Western-blots and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis. 2D, 3D-coculture tumor model, and 3D live cell imaging were used to study the interactions between tumor cells, macrophages and CD3 T cells in vitro. The role of exosomal miR-155-5p in tumor growth was evaluated in xenograft nude mice models and immune-competent mice models. Flow cytometry and flow sorting were used to determine the expression levels of miR-155-5p and PD-L1 in ascites and splenic macrophages, and the percentages of CD3 T cells subpopulations. Results The elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) greatly downregulated exosomal miR-155-5p expression in tumor cells. Neutralization of ROS with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) increased the levels of miR-155-5p in tumor exosomes that were taken up by macrophages, leading to reduction of macrophage migration and tumor spheroid infiltration. We further found that programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a functional target of miR-155-5p. Co-culture of macrophages pre-treated with NAC-derived tumor exosomes or exosomal miR-155-5p with T-lymphocytes leading to an increased percentage of CD8+ T-lymphocyte and a decreased CD3+ T cell apoptosis through PD-L1 downregulation. Tumor growth in nude mice was delayed by treatment with NAC-derived tumor exosomes. Delivery of tumor exo-miR-155-5p in immune-intact mice suppressed ovarian cancer progression and macrophage infiltration, and activated CD8+ T cell function. It is of note that exo-miR-155-5p inhibited tumor growth more potently than the PD-L1 antibody, suggesting that in addition to PD-L1, other pathways may also be targeted by this approach. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate a novel mechanism, ROS-induced down-regulation of miR-155-5p, by which tumors modulate the microenvironment that favors tumor growth. Understanding of the negative impact of ROS on the tumor immune response will improve current therapeutic strategies. Targeting miR-155-5p can be an alternative approach to prevent formation of an immunosuppressive TME through downregulation of PD-L1 and other immunosuppressive factors. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02244-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Wei Mu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer Barry
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Anna Han
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Richard L Carpenter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Stephen C Peiper
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Mỹ G Mahoney
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Andrew E Aplin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China.
| | - Jun He
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
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Dai S, Wen Y, Luo P, Ma L, Liu Y, Ai J, Shi C. Therapeutic implications of exosomes in the treatment of radiation injury. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkab043. [PMID: 35071650 PMCID: PMC8778593 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the main cancer treatments, but it may damage normal tissue and cause various side effects. At present, radioprotective agents used in clinics have side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and hypotension, which limit their clinical application. It has been found that exosomes play an indispensable role in radiation injury. Exosomes are lipid bilayer vesicles that carry various bioactive substances, such as proteins, lipids and microRNA (miRNA), that play a key role in cell-to-cell communication and affect tissue injury and repair. In addition, studies have shown that radiation can increase the uptake of exosomes in cells and affect the composition and secretion of exosomes. Here, we review the existing studies and discuss the effects of radiation on exosomes and the role of exosomes in radiation injury, aiming to provide new insights for the treatment of radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Dai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Digestive Surgery, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yuzhong Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Institute of Digestive Surgery, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Le Ma
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yunsheng Liu
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junhua Ai
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Tesfaye D, Menjivar N, Gebremedhn S. Current knowledge and the future potential of extracellular vesicles in mammalian reproduction. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 34:174-189. [PMID: 35231266 DOI: 10.1071/rd21277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain various functional classes of vesicles, namely exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, represent the major nano-shuttle to transfer bioactive molecules from donor to recipient cells to facilitate cell-to-cell communication in the follicular, oviduct, and uterine microenvironments. In addition to transferring various molecular cargos in the form of miRNAs, mRNAs, proteins, lipids, and DNA molecules, the relative proportion of those molecular cargos in the reproductive fluids can be associated with the physiological and pathological condition of the host animal. Inside the follicle, EV-mediated circulation of miRNAs has been reported to be associated with the growth status of the enclosed oocytes, the metabolic status, and the advanced maternal aging of the animal. Importantly, EVs have the potential to protect their cargo molecules from extracellular degradation or modification while travelling to the recipient cells. This fact together with the enormous availability in almost all biological fluids and spent culture media make them attractive in the search for biomarkers of oocyte/embryo developmental competence, receptive maternal environment and a multitude of reproductive pathophysiological conditions. One of the key factors that have contributed to the lower efficiency of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is the absence of several maternal in vivo factors in the ART procedures. For this, several studies have been conducted to supplement various components present in the follicular and oviductal fluids into the existing ART procedures and significant positive impacts have been observed in terms of embryo cleavage rate, blastocyst rate, resistance to stress, and survival after cryopreservation. The potential of EVs in shuttling protective messages against environmental and physiological stressors has been evidenced. The effective use of the EV-coupled molecular signals against stress-associated conditions has the potential to pave the path for the application of these protective signals against oxidative stress-associated pathological conditions including PCOS, ageing, and endometritis. In this review, we provide current knowledge and potential future use of EVs as remedies in reproductive pathophysiological conditions, mainly in follicular and oviductal microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawit Tesfaye
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 3051 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Nico Menjivar
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 3051 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
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Sahu A, Clemens ZJ, Shinde SN, Sivakumar S, Pius A, Bhatia A, Picciolini S, Carlomagno C, Gualerzi A, Bedoni M, Van Houten B, Lovalekar M, Fitz NF, Lefterov I, Barchowsky A, Koldamova R, Ambrosio F. Regulation of aged skeletal muscle regeneration by circulating extracellular vesicles. NATURE AGING 2021; 1:1148-1161. [PMID: 35665306 PMCID: PMC9165723 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Heterochronic blood exchange (HBE) has demonstrated that circulating factors restore youthful features to aged tissues. However, the systemic mediators of those rejuvenating effects remain poorly defined. We show here that the beneficial effect of young blood on aged muscle regeneration was diminished when serum was depleted of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Whereas EVs from young animals rejuvenate aged cell bioenergetics and skeletal muscle regeneration, aging shifts EV subpopulation heterogeneity and compromises downstream benefits on recipient cells. Machine learning classifiers revealed that aging shifts the nucleic acid, but not protein, fingerprint of circulating EVs. Alterations in sub-population heterogeneity were accompanied by declines in transcript levels of the pro-longevity protein, α-Klotho, and injection of EVs improved muscle regeneration in a Klotho mRNA-dependent manner. These studies demonstrate that EVs play a key role in the rejuvenating effects of HBE and that Klotho transcripts within EVs phenocopy the effects of young serum on aged skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Sahu
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Zachary J. Clemens
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Sunita N. Shinde
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Sruthi Sivakumar
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Abish Pius
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Computational & Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA
| | - Ankit Bhatia
- Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Silvia Picciolini
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Clinical Biophotonics (LABION), IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiano Carlomagno
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Clinical Biophotonics (LABION), IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Gualerzi
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Clinical Biophotonics (LABION), IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Bedoni
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Clinical Biophotonics (LABION), IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Bennett Van Houten
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mita Lovalekar
- Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA
| | - Nicholas F. Fitz
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Iliya Lefterov
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Aaron Barchowsky
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Radosveta Koldamova
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Fabrisia Ambrosio
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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Do Extracellular RNAs Provide Insight into Uveal Melanoma Biology? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235919. [PMID: 34885029 PMCID: PMC8657116 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The study of RNAs in the extracellular environment in physiological and pathological conditions has become a growing field of research with intriguing applications in diagnostics and prognostics. Such extracellular RNAs are passively or actively released by all cells into biological fluids to spread biological signals to other cells. The perturbation of such RNA-based cell-to-cell communications in cancer can be easily identified by molecular analysis of liquid biopsies, even if source cells secreting RNAs are often elusive. In uveal melanoma (UM), extracellular RNAs can be assayed in serum, plasma, and vitreous and aqueous humor. In this review, we explore the possibility that extracellular RNA alterations in UM could partially match with RNA dysregulations observed in tumor tissues and provide information to better understand UM biology. Abstract Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor in adults, showing a high mortality due to metastasis. Although it is considered a rare disease, a growing number of papers have reported altered levels of RNAs (i.e., coding and non-coding RNAs) in cancerous tissues and biological fluids from UM patients. The presence of circulating RNAs, whose dysregulation is associated with UM, paved the way to the possibility of exploiting it for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. However, the biological meaning and the origin of such RNAs in blood and ocular fluids of UM patients remain unexplored. In this review, we report the state of the art of circulating RNAs in UM and debate whether the amount and types of RNAs measured in bodily fluids mirror the RNA alterations from source cancer cells. Based on literature data, extracellular RNAs in UM patients do not represent, with rare exceptions, a snapshot of RNA dysregulations occurring in cancerous tissues, but rather the complex and heterogeneous outcome of a systemic dysfunction, including immune system activity, that modifies the mechanisms of RNA delivery from several cell types.
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Tong Y, Liu X, Xia D, Peng E, Yang X, Liu H, Ye T, Wang X, He Y, Xu H, Ye Z, Chen Z, Tang K. Biological Roles and Clinical Significance of Exosome-Derived Noncoding RNAs in Bladder Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:704703. [PMID: 34692482 PMCID: PMC8530185 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.704703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is a common heterogeneous urinary system tumor with high malignancy and limited advancement in treatment. Limited understanding of BCa has not contributed to any significant progress in diagnosis or treatment, exploring the mechanisms underlying BCa has become an urgent research focus. Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicle (EV), have drawn substantial interest for their important roles in mediating intracellular communication. Exosomes shuttle numerous bioactive molecules, and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are among the most numerous. ncRNAs including microRNA, long noncoding RNA, and circular RNA are sorted and packaged into exosomes selectively and transferred into recipient cells to regulate their function. Exosomal ncRNAs are associated with hallmarks of BCa, such as proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell cycle arrest, lymphangiogenesis, and chemotherapy resistance. Exosomal ncRNAs can also be detected in urine and serum, making them encouraging biomarkers for BCa diagnosis and prognosis. More importantly, exosomes exhibit excellent biocompatibility and potential for diversified applications. The delivery of bioactive substances and drugs into specific cells has become a promising approach for precision therapy for BCa patients. In addition, cancer vaccines have also received increasing attention. In this review, we summarize the current research on the regulatory roles of exosomal ncRNAs in BCa tumorigenesis and progression, as well as their potential clinical value in accelerating the diagnosis and therapy of BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Tong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding Xia
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ejun Peng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hailang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinguang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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